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The Presidential Issue RSA | R30.00 incl. VAT THE PRESIDENTIAL ISSUE THE OFFICIAL MOUTHPIECE OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERSwattnow || MAYmay 2014 2014 | 1 The GRID What is it? The GRID is a graphic element that helps to create the ZEST indentity. Derivative of the proportions of the logo, it is based on a proportion of width and height of 2-to- 3. The distance between the GRID elements is 1/3 of the height of an element. FROM YOUR SUBSTATION TO YOUR ELECTRIC MOTOR FROM MADAGASCAR TO GHANA MITIGATING ERITREA TO ZAMBIA YOUR RISK IN AFRICA Understand operational WHY specifics of each country Local support in Angola, MAURITANIA Botswana, Cameroon, ERITREA SENEGAL DRC, Ghana, Kenya, BURKINA SUDAN FASO Mauritania, Namibia, NIGERIA SIERRA COTE Nigeria, South Africa, LEONE d’IVOIRE GHANA CAMEROON Zambia and Zimbabwe LIBERIA 9 A 1 872 000 weeks ND A G KENYA experience in Africa GABON U CONGO DRC BURUNDI TANZANIA SUPPORT WHERE YOU NEED IT, WHEN YOU NEED IT ANGOLA MALAWI ZAMBIA STRATEGIC STOCKHOLDINGS IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES R A ZIMBABWE C MBIQUE NAMIBIA AS ZA G MAURITIUS 24/7 technical back-up O A D BOTSWANA M MA Fully qualified technicians SWAZILAND 5 Fully equipped training South Africa centres across Africa 187 site visits across Africa SOUTH AFRICA per year may 2014 | now www.zest.co.za TECHNICAL TECHNICAL 24/7 SUPPORT 24/7 SUPPORT South Africa: +27 11 723 6000 watt | Ghana: +233 30 27 664 90 2 LETTERS 6 Inaugural address from the SAIEE President Dr. Pat Naidoo. REGULARS 12 wattshot Mother's Day 2014 is on the 11th of May... 14 wattsup page 14 Current Affairs. 16 Engineering Nuggets 60 Angela's Opinion 62 Calendar of events FEATURE 26 Looking Back... South African inventions page 26 Jane Buisson-Street depicts some of South Africa's firsts. DESIGN 34 What every Design Engineer should know The new construction regulations place new emphasis on design engineers' responsibilities. HEALTH & SAFETY 38 Dangers and Hazards of entry into live Substations and page 34 enclosures This article looks at potential dangers of entering a substation. SOLAR 46 Rapid growth for SA's solar PV industry The Renewable Energy Independent Power Provider Programme (REIPPP) causes ripple-effect throughout Africa. page 38 FINANCE 48 Renewable energy efficiency tax incentive Bring yourself up to speed with the latest from SARS. LITERATURE 50 "Decades of Engineering Excellence" - chapter 5 A synopsis of the fifth chapter of du Toit Grobler's book. YOUR OPINION 56 Barriers to cost-effective Broadband in South Africa Opinion piece by André Hoffmann. FROM THE EDITOR'S DESK | MINX AVRABOS ManaGING EditoR Minx Avrabos | [email protected] EditORS his issue of wattnow focuses Derek Woodburn on all what’s good about Jane-Anne Buisson-Street South Africa and its people. ContRIBUtoRS It’s very easy to get pulled into Dr Pat Naidoo Jane Buisson-Street the political soapie which Dr Willem du Toit gets portrayed in the media Barry Gass everyday, but behind the scene, Nathan Venter you’ll find remarkable people who du Toit Grobler André Hoffmann have put South Africa on the map. Angela Price EVENTS One of those people is Dr Pat Naidoo, the recently inaugurated 2014 Gerda Geyer | [email protected] SAIEE President. Read his address at the AGM on page 6. PHOTOGRAPHER Heather McCann | 011 682 3298 Jane Buisson-Street compiled our feature on page 26. She recants stories CPD & COURse ACCReditation of some South Africans who made history and have changed the face of Sue Moseley | [email protected] the nation. MEMBERSHIP & TECHNOLOGY LEADERSHIP The SAIEE Business Director, Stan Bridgens, recently received an old Ansie Smith | [email protected] “ESCOM” magazine, dated May 1937, from Roy Reed, one of our retired ADVERTISING Avenue Advertising members. Within this magazine, Dr H. J. van der Bijl, then the Chairman of the Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM) wrote a letter to their T 011 463 7940 | F 086 518 9936 readers celebrating the first year of the “ESCOM magazine”, which reads E [email protected] as follows: PUblisheR South African Institute of Electrical Engineers “The first year in a new venture is always the most difficult, and ESCOM SAIEE HEAD OFFICE Magazine has not been unusual in this regard. It has, however, made many P.O. Box 751253 | Gardenview | 2047 thousands of friends in all parts of the country. It is only with the continued T 011 487 3003 | F 011 487 3002 E [email protected] | W www.saiee.org.za and extended co-operation of consumers of electricity that ESCOM can Office Hours: 8am-4pm fulfil its mission. I feel that that mission is an important one and as the Magazine continues to achieve its object, so it will be performing a service to the people of South Africa. Primarily ESCOM seeks to bring to the notice of South Africans the services of Electricity to the community – not only its SAIEE 2013 OFFICE BEARERS domestic services, but also those to industry and in the everyday needs of President Pat Naidoo modern life. How vast those are we all will realise Deputy President André Hoffmann if we pause to consider for a few moments. So Senior Vice President T.C. Madikane ESCOM, I trust, will continue to provide useful Junior Vice President Mike Cary Immediate Past President Paul van Niekerk and informative articles and will flourish to Honorary Treasurer Viv Crone enjoy many more birthdays.” – Dr. H.J. van der Honorary Vice President Mario Babolini Bijl ISSN: 1991-0452 South African Institute of Electrical Engineers. All material is strictly copyright and all rights are reserved. Reproduction without permission is forbidden. The views On this note, enjoy the May issue. Until next expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the SAIEE. E&OE time, enjoy the read. 4 | wattnow | may 2014 ACTOM, providing customers with a balanced offering MANUFACTURING BRANCH NETWORK Committed to high quality local Serving the industry manufacture. though its 37 distribution outlets. TURNKEY PROJECTS Turnkey electro- mechanical projects. SERVICE Comprehensive refurbishment and maintenance offering. RENEWABLE ENERGY Supplier of products, services and maintenance to the renewable energy market. The largest manufacturer, solution provider, repairer and distributor of electro-mechanical equipment in Africa. ACTOM (Pty) Ltd: 2 Magnet Road, Knights, 1413, PO Box 13024, Knights, 1413 Tel: +27 (0) 11 820 5111, Fax: +27 (0) 11 820 5044 www.actom.co.za wattnow | may 2014 | 5 INAUGURAL ADDRESS BY THE 2014 SAIEE PRESIDENT Engineering Electrical Engineers for a World Class South Africa South Africa is the sparkling diamond of the world. In the passage of time, South African engineers have delivered world first and world class solutions to the agricultural, industrial and post industrial societies. BY | DR. PAT NAIDOO | 2014 SAIEE PRESIDENT elocate yourself to any part of the global community and look at South Africa. You will see unlimited opportunity for its people. We have a respected and free country with constitutionally embedded human rights. We have a country with the world’s best banking and financial systems. We have the best weather conditions with gentle winds, rain, sunshine and storms. We have an open country that thrives with all that nature can offer; from the marine life in our two oceans to the wild game in our natural parks; from the fruits of the valleys of the Cape to the abundant bread basket of Central South Africa; from the rolling sugar cane fields of Kwa Zulu Natal to the gold, diamond, coal and platinum natural resources of the Highveld. We have health, wealth, and an abundance of resources with unlimited opportunity for all. During the passage of time, South African engineers have delivered sterling solutions to the agricultural, industrial and post industrial societies. In every discipline, we have and continue to deliver world first designs and solutions. SAIEE members are professionals engaged in the full spectrum of activities; from academic research to industrial mining and manufacturing processes to providing every day engineering solutions for society. The discipline of activities spans the traditional industries of electronics, telecommunications, information technology, energy, power, mining and transportation. Engineers create wealth and have a direct impact on the quality of life of all our people. SAIEE, established in 1909, is a world respected learned society of Electrical Engineers. Our founding task was( and still is) to promote electrical engineering and its application for the benefit of South Africans. In 2014, our focus will be on membership. The task at hand is to engineer electrical engineers for a world class South Africa. 6 | wattnow | may 2014 TASK 1: TOWARDS A WORLD operate and maintain solutions to customer sensitive and customer focussed. The CLASS SOUTH AFRICA delight. The positive gains will accrue and service we will receive as a society will be South Africa, two decades into democracy, will include world class quality service at directly proportional to the efforts we make continues to face difficult challenges with the least cost. in preparing the electrical engineer. respect to providing a better quality of life for its entire people. The 20th century Our best example of solid engineering It is too late to complain of the lights being industrial-era public infrastructure, leadership with sharp customer focus was off, of the unavailability of water or the poor designed, built and operated to world Eskom. This was at the turn of the century state of the engineering infrastructure when class standards, now requires major with global awards and recognition that we have not delivered on the development maintenance, upgrade and refurbishment. included the world’s top utility and world’s of the electrical engineer that could deliver lowest cost producer of electrical energy.
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