“Another World Is Possible” United Church of Chapel Hill September 19 ththth , 2015
Rev. Dr. Jeremiah A. Wright, Jr. Another World Is Possible
Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Another World Is Possible
Rev. Howard Thurman Another World Is Possible
Dr. Carter G. Woodson Another World Is Possible
Dr. Dwight Hopkins Another World Is Possible
John Locke Another World Is Possible
David Hume Another World Is Possible
Immanuel Kant Another World Is Possible
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel Another World Is Possible
Lorenzo Dow Turner Another World Is Possible
Dr. Carter G. Woodson Another World Is Possible
Melville J. Herskovits Another World Is Possible
George G.M. James Another World Is Possible
William Leo Hansberry Another World Is Possible
Cheikh Anta Diop Another World Is Possible
Anthony B. Pinn Another World Is Possible
22 Different Disciplines Now use an African Cantered Paradigm (Hilliard – Wright)
1. Biblical Studies - Hebrew – Randy Bailey Jerome Ross
New Testament – Clarice Martin, Obery Hendricks
2. Theology – James Cone, Dwight Hopkins, John Kinney
3. Womanist Theology – Katie Cannon Delores Williams, Jacqueline Grant
4. Church History – Gayraud Wilmore David Daniels Ogbu Kalu Dr. Julia Speller L.H. Whelchel
5. History of Religions – Al Rabateau Vincent Harding Rachel Harding Charles Long Jeremiah Wright
6. World History – Cheikh Anta Diop
7. Psychology (A.B.Psy) - Wade Nobles Asa Hilliard A.J. Franklin Thomas Parham Another World Is Possible
8. African Studies – Cheikh Anta Diop Chancellor Williams William Leo Hansberry Molefi Asante
9. Sociology – Iva Carruthers Linda Thomas Wallace Best
10. Cultural Anthropology – Roots of Soul I Sought My Brother
11. Cultural Studies – Farah Jasmin Griffin Michael Eric Dyson
12. Pharmacology – Evans and Counter
13. Diasporan Studies – Cheikh Anta Diop Dwight Hopkins Ivan Van Sertima
Africans Sailing Around the Globe 1350-1300 BCE Another World Is Possible
First African Diaspora (Voluntary Diaspora) a. Africans settle in the 3 Americas 800 – 750 BCE b. Tres Zapotes and La Venta (Olmec culture 1000 BCE) c. Africans settle as far away as the South Sea Islands (Hawaii & Indonesia) d. “Nesia ” = Island (Micronesia / © Rev. Dr. Jeremiah A. Wright, Jr., 2009 Indonesia / Melanesia) All rights reserved Another World Is Possible
Second African Diaspora (Involuntary Diaspora) a. Africans carried across the Sahara Desert b. Africans carried across the Indian Ocean (East African Slave Trade - Arabs) c. Africans carried into the 3 Americas Another World Is Possible
14. African-Native American Studies - Jack Forbes
15. Philology - William Scarborough
16. African American Pastoral Theology – Dr. Lee Butler
17. Psychology of Religion – Arthur Pressley Ed & Ann Wimberley
18. Education – Janice Hale
19. Ethnomusicology – Elkin Sithole Portia Maultsby
20. Dance - Kariamu Welsh Asante
21. Epistemology – Dr. Jacob Carruthers
22. Lingustics – Geneva Smitherman Lorenzo Dow Turner Rickford and Rickford Another World Is Possible
Linguistics – Lorenzo Dow Turner – 1950 ’s Geneva Smitherman – 1960 ’s
Vass - The Bantu Speaking Heritage of the United States – 1970 ’s
Rickford and Rickford – 1980 ’s Dillard (1950 ’s and ‘60 ’s)
African Speakers of English/Spanish/ Portuguese/French – Created their own language
Five Subsets to every language Pragmatics Syntax Semantics Grammar Phonics
Williams (1972-Ebony + phonics = Ebonics)
Only Black children were being taught that they speak “Bad English. ” No American speaks “English. ” Another World Is Possible
Interdisciplinary Study – 1960 ’s
a. Linguistics-languages from nineteen countries in Africa. 1) No fricatives 2) No hard endings 3) No tenses 4) The verb “to be ” 5) No diphthongs 6) No cluster of consonants (st, sk, ldr and th) th becomes d,n,v,f and/or is elided
b. Early Childhood Education 1) Language patterns fixed for life Lyaconia/Apostle Peter 2) Learn by echolalia-hearing at home
c. Socio Linguistics 1) How do you learn a foreign language Your word order/ their vocabulary
2) How do you learn a foreign language under oppression. Charles DeBose Stanley Alsopp a. Rapidly b. Code Language/Code Switching c. Group Reinforcement Another World Is Possible
d. Body Languages (Nonverbal) 1) Facial Expressions 2) Contractions 3) Bodily Involvement with Speech
Results
When you put the disciplines together what you end up with is Black English, Black Spanish, Black Portuguese and Black French (Creole)
Smitherman ’s Title: Talkin ’’’ and Testifyin ’’’: The Language of Black America
Paul Lawrence Dunbar – African Spirituals – Zora Neale Hurston – Sterling Brown
You can only understand the beauty, the complexity and the depth of Africans in the Diaspora when you start from an African-centered approach which assumes that difference is not synonymous with deficience. Another World Is Possible
THEOLOGY (Black Theology/Womanist Theology) William Augustus Jones ’ Paradigm THEOLOGY = How I See God ANTHROPOLOGY = How I See Humans
THEOLOGY = How I See God SOCIOLOGY = How I Order My Society ANTHROPOLOGY = How I See Humans
THEOLOGY = How I See God How I See God (Theology) White White Male Hierarchically (above me? or Immanu-el/ with me?) Patriarchically Valuing some above others Privileging some above others Choosing some to be blessed Choosing others to be cursed Approving slavery Vengeful or Compassionate? Transcendent or Immanent? Involved with humans or Aloof from humans Blessing individuals or Making covenant with community? Loving all or Loving some? How I See Humans (Anthropology) How do I see others? How do I see myself?
White superior to all others Valorized by color Males superior to females Valorized by gender (Male/Female/LGBTQ) All equal in God ’s sight Some “more equal ” to others Subjects to be honored or objects to be used? As people or as property? As more important (or less) than property As “we ” or as “us vs. them ”? Valorized by worth/wealth Stereotyped as “deficient ” or Embraced as Different Valorized by belief (Muslim, Jew, Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh, Atheist) How I Order My Society (Sociology)
Educational System - Slavery - Psychology - Sociology – Kahlil Gibran Muhammad - Linguistically & Liturgically - Ecclesiologically
Legal System - Slavery - Fugitive Slave Laws - Constitution - Dred Scott Decision - Jim Crow - Plessy vs. Ferguson - Ku Klux Klan – Lynching - Convict Lease System - The New Jim Crow How I Order My Society (Sociology)
Military Complex - Slavery - Imperialism (Hawaii to Iraq) (Chaplaincy) - Palestinians/Gaza/State of Israel - Hiroshima/Nagasaki - Preemptive Strikes (Falluja) - Drones
Economic System - Slavery - Workers Rights Another World Is Possible
THEOLOGY (Black Theology/Womanist Theology) William Augustus Jones ’ Paradigm One ’s Theology Determines One ’s Anthropology; and one ’s Anthropology determines one ’s sociology; Theology = How Do I See God Anthropology = How Do I See Human Beings Sociology = How Do I Order My Society?
BLACK THEOLOGY/NEW TESTAMENT Jesus ’ Birth 1. Matthew 2:1-13 (Dogon – Reading the stars/Charting the heavens) 2. Luke 2:1-20 Mark 5:1-20 Acts 2 (Diasporan Judasim) Acts 6 “Hellenic/Hellenized Jews/ ”Greek-speaking Jews ” Acts 8:26-39 (Septuagint Translation) Acts 13:1-3 Acts 21:27-38 Mark 15:21 Romans 16:13 Another World Is Possible
EARLY CHRISTIANITY Church in Egypt (Alexandria)
Alexandria = Clement, Origin, Cyril and Athanasius
THE COPTIC CHURCH (NILE VALLEY – SOUTH) Ethiopian Church (Preserved Egyptian Cultures and Rituals) Berbers Cyprian, Augustine, Monica, Tertullian, Perpetua and Felicity Another World Is Possible
European Colonization
Africa – Before Colonization
1400-1900 ’s Destruction of a people Destruction of a culture Destruction of traditions Chancellor Williams-(Destruction of Black Civilization ) Another World Is Possible
Africa – After Colonization Colonies in Africa after the Berlin Conference
Berlin Conference (November 1884–February 1885)
After 1895 the only independent Countries in Africa are Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and Liberia
Africa Today Another World Is Possible
USA/Central America/South America
Indians-Reservation Africans-Slavery
Triangular Trade (Africa-Caribbean-North America/South America-Europe)
1630 ’s to 1787 – A. Leon Higginbottom – In the Matter of Color Legal Codification of Dehumanization
Constitution – 1787 Another World Is Possible
What Were the People Doing?
1600 ’s – 1750 ’s Brush Arbors
Silver Bluff – George Lisle – 1660 ’s
1776 – Afro British – Turks and Caicos – Bahamas-Liverpool-Trinidad and Tobago
1787 – St. George Methodist Episcopal Church
1791 – St. Thomas African Episcopal Church
1792 – Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church
1796 – African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
1790 ’s – Afro Baptist First African Presbyterian
1791 – 1804 – Haitian Revolution Another World Is Possible
1800 – Gabriel Prosser
1816 – A.M.E. First General Conference
1821 – Emigration American Colonization Society (Liberia)
1822 – Denmark Vesey
1828/29 – David Walker ’s Appeal Nat Turner Insurrection
1830 ’s – Black Codes Underground Railroad/Invisible Institution Emigration to Canada
1850 ’s – Dred Scott
1865 – Civil War
Reconstruction Radical Reconstruction
1865-1968 Missionary Effort (Black Colleges)
1888 – Slavery Abolished in Brazil Another World Is Possible
1900 – 1 Yaa Asantewaa – Asante British War
1902 – Plessy vs. Ferguson
1919 – Great Migration
1920 ’s – Harlem Renaissance Marcus Garvey/UNIA Ida B. Wells
Pan-African Movement
1954 – Brown vs. Board of Education
1955 – Montgomery Bus Boycott
1957 – Ghana ’s Independence
1965 - Malcolm X Assassinated Another World Is Possible
1968
Martin Luther King, Jr. Assassinated
Black Revolution
Black Theology
Black Gospel Music Hits College Campuses
James Brown “I’m Black and I ’m Proud ”
Olympics in Mexico
Athletic Olympics – Carlos Moore
Cultural Olympics – The Music of Peru ( Criollo )
South Africa – Black Revolution – Steve Biko
1995 – Million Man March
2008 – Barack Hussein Obama Elected President Another World Is Possible
Dr. Dwight Hopkins