RESTRICTED WT/TPR/S/391 7 Août 2019 (19-5090) Page: 1/82 Organe

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RESTRICTED WT/TPR/S/391 7 Août 2019 (19-5090) Page: 1/82 Organe RESTRICTED WT/TPR/S/391 7 août 2019 (19-5090) Page: 1/82 Organe d'examen des politiques commerciales EXAMEN DES POLITIQUES COMMERCIALES RAPPORT DU SECRÉTARIAT SURINAME Le présent rapport, préparé pour le troisième examen de la politique commerciale du Suriname, a été établi par le Secrétariat de l'OMC sous sa propre responsabilité. Ainsi qu'il est prévu dans l'Accord établissant le Mécanisme d'examen des politiques commerciales (Annexe 3 de l'Accord de Marrakech instituant l'Organisation mondiale du commerce), le Secrétariat a demandé au Suriname des éclaircissements sur sa politique et ses pratiques commerciales. Les questions d'ordre technique concernant ce rapport peuvent être adressées à Arne Klau (tél.: 022 739 5706) et Bernard Kuiten (tél.: 022 739 5676). La déclaration de politique générale présentée par le Suriname est reproduite dans le document WT/TPR/G/391. Note: Le présent rapport fait l'objet d'une distribution restreinte et ne doit pas être communiqué à la presse avant la fin de la première séance de la réunion de l'Organe d'examen des politiques commerciales portant sur le Suriname. Ce rapport a été rédigé en anglais. WT/TPR/S/391 • Suriname - 2 - TABLE DES MATIÈRES RÉSUMÉ ........................................................................................................................... 6 1 ENVIRONNEMENT ÉCONOMIQUE ............................................................................... 10 1.1 Principales caractéristiques de l'économie ......................................................................10 1.2 Évolution économique récente ......................................................................................11 1.3 Évolution des échanges et des investissements ..............................................................13 1.3.1 Tendances et structure du commerce des marchandises et des services .........................13 1.3.2 Tendances et structure de l'IED .................................................................................15 2 RÉGIMES DE COMMERCE ET D'INVESTISSEMENT ....................................................... 17 2.1 Cadre général ............................................................................................................17 2.2 Formulation et objectifs de la politique commerciale .......................................................18 2.3 Accords et arrangements commerciaux .........................................................................21 2.3.1 OMC .......................................................................................................................21 2.3.2 Accords régionaux et préférentiels .............................................................................22 2.3.3 Accord de partenariat économique entre le CARIFORUM et l'UE .....................................22 2.4 Régime d'investissement .............................................................................................23 3 POLITIQUE ET PRATIQUES COMMERCIALES – ANALYSE PAR MESURE ....................... 26 3.1 Mesures visant directement les importations ..................................................................26 3.1.1 Procédures douanières, évaluation et prescriptions ......................................................26 3.1.2 Règles d'origine .......................................................................................................27 3.1.3 Droits de douane .....................................................................................................28 3.1.3.1 Droits NPF appliqués .............................................................................................28 3.1.3.2 Consolidations ......................................................................................................31 3.1.3.3 Droits de douane préférentiels ................................................................................31 3.1.3.4 Exonérations et concessions ...................................................................................32 3.1.3.5 Autres droits et impositions ....................................................................................32 3.1.4 Autres impositions visant les importations ..................................................................32 3.1.5 Prohibitions et restrictions à l'importation et licences d'importation ................................33 3.1.6 Mesures antidumping, compensatoires et de sauvegarde ..............................................35 3.1.7 Autres mesures visant les importations ......................................................................35 3.2 Mesures visant directement les exportations ..................................................................35 3.2.1 Procédures et prescriptions douanières .......................................................................35 3.2.2 Taxes, impositions et prélèvements ...........................................................................36 3.2.3 Prohibitions et restrictions à l'exportation et licences d'exportation ................................36 3.2.4 Soutien et promotion des exportations .......................................................................37 3.2.5 Financement, assurance et garanties à l'exportation ....................................................37 3.3 Mesures visant la production et le commerce .................................................................37 3.3.1 Mesures d'incitation .................................................................................................37 3.3.2 Normes et autres règlements techniques ....................................................................38 3.3.3 Prescriptions sanitaires et phytosanitaires ...................................................................39 WT/TPR/S/391 • Suriname - 3 - 3.3.4 Politique de la concurrence, contrôle des prix et protection des consommateurs ..............41 3.3.5 Commerce d'État, entreprises publiques et privatisation ...............................................42 3.3.6 Marchés publics .......................................................................................................42 3.3.7 Droits de propriété intellectuelle ................................................................................43 4 POLITIQUE COMMERCIALE – ANALYSE PAR SECTEUR ............................................... 46 4.1 Agriculture, sylviculture et pêche ..................................................................................46 4.1.1 Agriculture ..............................................................................................................46 4.1.1.1 Caractéristiques ....................................................................................................46 4.1.1.2 Commerce ...........................................................................................................47 4.1.1.3 Politiques .............................................................................................................49 4.1.1.3.1 Généralités ........................................................................................................49 4.1.1.3.2 Politiques commerciales ......................................................................................50 4.1.1.3.3 Mesures internes ................................................................................................50 4.1.2 Pêche .....................................................................................................................53 4.1.2.1 Caractéristiques ....................................................................................................53 4.1.2.2 Politiques .............................................................................................................55 4.1.3 Sylviculture .............................................................................................................57 4.2 Industries extractives et énergie ..................................................................................59 4.2.1 Industries extractives ...............................................................................................59 4.2.1.1 Or .......................................................................................................................62 4.2.1.2 Bauxite ................................................................................................................64 4.2.2 Hydrocarbures .........................................................................................................64 4.3 Secteur manufacturier.................................................................................................65 4.4 Services ....................................................................................................................65 4.4.1 Généralités .............................................................................................................65 4.4.2 Services financiers ...................................................................................................66 4.4.2.1 Aperçu général .....................................................................................................66 4.4.2.2 Cadre réglementaire ..............................................................................................66 4.4.2.3 Banques ..............................................................................................................68 4.4.2.4 Services d'assurance .............................................................................................68 4.4.2.5
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