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Rulers of Vijayanagar Empire

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Rulers of Vijayanagar Empire Rulers of Vijayanagar Empire Rulers of Vijayanagar Empire is significant topic when we talk about the deccan region. It is required to know about the rulers of Vijayanagar Empire while preparing for government exams. Read the article which has details of the rulers of Vijayanagar Empire in a crisp form i.e. easy to learn. Rulers of Vijayanagar Empire The end of the Sultanate Period led many territories to break away from Delhi. Similarly, in the Deccan region many other territories rose to power. Rulers of Vijayanagar Empire are segregated into four major dynasties. 1. Sangama 2. Saluva 3. Tuluva 4. Aravidu Rulers of Vijayanagar Empire – List of the rulers The rulers of Vijayanagar Empire that come under the Sangama dynasty, is given in the table. Sangama Dynasty Rulers Ruling Period Harihara Raya I 1336-1356 Bukka Raya I 1356-1377 Harihara Raya II 1377-1404 Virupaksha Raya 1404-1405 Bukka Raya II 1405-1406 Deva Raya I 1406-1422 Ramachandra Raya 1422 Vira Vijaya Bukka Raya 1422-1424 Deva Raya II 1424-1446 Mallikarjuna Raya 1446-1465 Virupaksha Raya II 1465-1485 Praudha Raya 1485 The names of the rulers of Vijayanagar of Saluva Dynasty is cited in the table. 1 | P a g e Saluva Dynasty Rulers Ruling Period Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya 1485-1491 Thimma Bhupala 1491 Narasimha Raya II 1491-1505 Tuluva Dynasty ruled in Vijayanagar and the ruler’s name is in the table. Tuluva Dynasty Rulers Ruling Period Tuluva Narasa Nayaka 1491-1503 Viranarasimha Raya 1503-1509 Krishna Deva Raya 1509-1529 Achyuta Deva Raya 1529-1542 Sadashiva Raya 1542-1570 Last but not the least, comes Aravidu Dynasty. The names of the rulers of the Aravidu Dynasty is given below. Aravidu Dynasty Rulers Ruling Period Aliya Rama Raya 1542-1565 Tirumala Deva Raya 1565-1572 Sriranga I 1572-1586 Venkata II 1586-1614 Sriranga II 1614-1614 Ramadeva 1617-1632 Venkata III 1632-1642 Sriranga III 1642-1646 Rulers of Vijayanagar Empire - The Vijayanagar Empire (1336-1 672 A.D.) • In 1336 A.D, Harihara and Bukka founded Vijayanagar Empire. • Vijaynagar Empire was formed on the southern banks of Tungabhadra river. • Hampi was declared as the capital city. • Harihara I became the ruler of Sangama Dynasty in 1336 A.D. • Mysore and Madurai were captured by Harihara I. • Harihara I was succeeded by Bukka-I in 1356 A.D. • The service rendered was under Vira Ballala III, the Hoysala King. 2 | P a g e Rulers of Vijayanagar Empire - Krishnadeva Raya • He ruled between from 1509 to 1529 A.D. • In Krishnadeva Raya’ s reign, Vijayanagar Empire reached to its zenith of the glory. • Krishnadeva Raya of the Tuluva dynasty was the most renowned and dynamic king of the Vijayanagar Empire. • A Portuguese traveler Domingo Paes said that “Krishnadeva Raya was the most feared and perfect king there could possibly be”. • Dynamic and skilled administrator. • Krishnadeva Raya was a man of intellect and reasoning. Krishnadeva Raya’s Contributions • Large tanks and canals for irrigation was built by him. • Krishnadeva Raya developed the naval power for overseas trade. • He developed friendly relation with the Portuguese and Arab traders. • The revenue of his government was increased. • He gave his full support to art and architecture. • Ashtadiggajas: Comprised of eight scholars in Krishnadeva Raya’s court. They were: Ashtadiggajas 1. AllasaniPeddana – the author of Manucharitram, he was also known as Andhra Kavitapitamaha. 2. Nandi Thimmana – the author of Parijathapaharanam. 3. Madayagari Mallana 4. Dhurjati 5. Ayyalaraju Ramabhadra Kavi 6. Pingali Surana 7. Ramaraja Bhushana 8. Tenali Ramakrishna Administration The Glories of the Vijayanagar Empire can be seen in the work the rulers of Vijayanagar performed. • The rulers of Vijayanagar developed a well-organized administrative system. • In the state, the king was head of all powers. • Council of Ministers was there to help the King in administrative works. • Vijayanagar Empire had six Provinces. • Each Province was administered by a Governor who was known as Naik. • The rulers of Vijayanagar Empire divided provinces into districts which were further divided into smaller units i.e. villages. • The administration of the village was run by the hereditary officers like accountants, watchmen e.t.c. • Mahanayakacharya was officer who was the intermediary between the villages and the Central administration. 3 | P a g e It is vital to know all details about Krishnadeva Raya’s period as he was the most important ruler of Vijayanagar Empire. Go through the table that represents army, revenue, socio- economic conditions e.t.c. Krishnadeva Raya • He occupied Sivasamudram in 1510 A.D. • Raichur aws also conquered by him in 1512 A.D. • He captured Orissa and Warangal in 1523 A.D. Conquests • Krishnadeva Raya had long stretch of empire i.e. from the river Krishna in the north to River Cauvery in the south; Arabian Sea in the west to Bay of Bengal in the east. • Infantry, cavalry and elephantry altogether formed the army. The Army • In charge of the army was the commander-in-chief. • The main source of income was the land revenue. • Based on the fertility of the soil taxes were collected. Revenue • Emphasis was laid on agricultural activities and on building of dams and Administration canals. • The supreme judge was the king of the empire. Judicial • The guilty were punished severely. Administration • One who violated the law was levied for that. • Women participated actively in political, social and literary life of the empire. • The position of women was good as some women were highly educated. Position of Women • Women advanced in fields like astrology, accountancy, wrestling, art, culture e.t.c. • Society was systematic in Vijayanagar empire. Social life • Social customs like child marriage, polygamy and sati were prevalent. • Freedom of religion was granted by the rulers of Vijayanagar Empire. • Economic condition was being kept on check by their irrigational policies. • Industries like textiles, mining, metallurgy perfumery existed Vijayanagar. Economic • Vijayanagar Empire traded with the islands in the Indian Ocean, conditions Abyssinia, Arabia, Burma, China, Persia, Portugal, South Africa, and The Malay Archipelago. • Hazara Rama temple and Vitthala Temple was built. • Instance of the master- piece is the bronze image of Krishnadeva Raya. Architecture and • The literature of Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu and Kannada were developed. Literature • Sayana wrote commentaries on Vedas. • Amuktamalyada in Telugu was written by Krishnadevaraya. 4 | P a g e • Krishnadevaraya wrote Usha Parinayam and Jambavathi Kalyanam in Sanskrit. • Krishnadeva Raya’s successors were weak. • During the rule of Rama Raya the collective forces of Ahmednagar, Bijapur, Golconda and Bidar attacked Vijayanagar. • Rama Raya was defeated. Battle of Talikota • Vijayanagar was robbed and abandoned. Rulers of Vijayanagar Empire - Decline of Vijayanagar Empire • Due to weak and incompetent rulers of the Aravidu dynasty Vijayanagar Empire had to face fall. • Most of the provincial governors became sovereign and autonomous. • Some areas of Vijayanagar Empire were captured by the rulers of Bijapur and Golconda. 5 | P a g e .
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