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Lv1yso RE GAZETIEER lV1YSO RE GAZETIEER COMPILED FO~ GOVERNMENT VOLUME II 1\IEDI..fEV AL PART III EDJT[D BY C. HAY A VA DANA RAO, B.A., B.L. Fellow, Unit>ersily o/ Mywre, Editor, Mywre £,onomic Journal, Bongalore. NEW EDITION BANOALORE: 'PRINT~D AT TH~ GOVERNMENT PRESR 1 ~HO ~fYSORE GAZETTEER TABLE OF CO:~fTEN·~ CHAPTER XI. MEDI2£V AL PERIOD. From thA Foundation of the Vijayanagar Kingdom to th6 .' destruction of Vijayanagar btl Tipz7. Sultan in l"/'16 A..D. J:>AGlll Vijayanagar Kingdom, A.D. 1336-1565 -••• 1414 Introductory-Traditional tales of its origin ... 1414 Its Capital •• '1415 Its Kings and their emblem .~. 1417 Dynasties of Vijayanagar Kings ' ••• 1417 List of kings ... 1418 . The First (or Sangama) Dynasty, 1886-1486 A.D. · Sangama I, Circa 1300 A. D. ••• 1419 Harihara I, A.D. 1336-1356 .... 1420 His early history · ... 1422 A silent Revolution ; Political Geography of South India, Circa 1330 ... 1424 'Muhamma.d Tughlak's invasion and its consequences .. 1426 The story of N uniz confirmed ... 1428 Founding of Vijayanagar, 1336 A.D. .. .. 14~0 Date of foundation and identity of Vidyaranya. ·... 14~1 Mii.dhava and Vidyaranya. .... 1433 Mayana-Mii.dhava. and his brothers • ... 1438 Chiiunda.-Mil.dbava. or Mil.dhava. Mantri ... 1442 Table of Descent of the three Madbavas ... 1445. ~onquests of Harihara and ,Bukka. I .. • 1446 Organization of Administtation . ... 144 7 Rule of Haribara I ,.. •.. 1450 ii Barihara. I an•l hi:> brotbe: s 14.:/J F.acot•ls relating to BariLa.m I lJ.j.j ~J.tin features of bis rule 1-L:JG His strug;l·~s a;p.inst the ~~Iuhamwa(lJ.ns Uii Duration of his rule : ~ uniz corrected 14;~,,') Confelkra.cy of Hindu kings ag:l.in-;t ::\Iuhantr.1~t·la.ns ... HCIJ Bukh-Riya I, 1356-1376 A.D. 141'·1 Allet;e•l rl:spute as to succession exantined ... 14G.:: Ih::na I at first YuYariija under IIariba.ra I and then his successor 14C1 Tra.nsfer of capital to Yijayanagar UL',.j War against Muhammadans LH/) Fight against Biihmani kings uc; List of Biibmani kings ... ur;,::; \Yar against Muhammad 14G~l Muhammad's invasion of Yijayana:;ar, 13GG .\.D. 14G9 ~IujahiJ; campaign against Yijayanagar, 137 ::i .\.D.... 1471 Internal Wars, 1363 A.D. U'ia Suppres:,ion of Siimbavaniya 1!73 Expulsion of ~Iuhammadans from South Inlli<', Circ.1 1363 A.D. U7:3 Ministers and Generals ... 1473 Sons as Yiceroys of Provinces 1400 Settlement of Jain and Sri-VaisbnanJ. ai;;pute, 13G8 A.D. U.:;3 Domestic life ... 1b5 Kampana. I and his brothers ... 14S6 Conquest of Siimba.variiya's kingdom 14S7 Identity of persons mentioned in nra-Kampar.IJ!·l· Chari tam u:-:-g Fall of Srirangam and :Madura, 1371 .\.D .... 14~11 Period of Rule of Kampana II 14:12 R:1jeudra-Odeyar, another soa of Dukka I, and oth.:B. U~li~ Bukka. I as a literary patron 14~1-.; Progress of Kannada Literature ... 14:1:1 Revival of trade 1501 Religion: spread of Sri-Vaishnavism 1:"01 An estimate of Bukka's rule l.'JOJ His death, 1376 .:\.D .... 1503 iii PAO!il llarih:i.ra. II, 1376 A.D.-1404 A.D. 1505 No dispute as to succession 1505 Period of his rule 1508 Insurrections and wars' ... 1510 Rising in Konkan quelled, 1380 A.D. 1510 Revolts in the Tundira., Chola. and Pandya. countries put down, Circa 1385 A.D. 1512 Conquest of Ceylon, 1385 A.D. ... i512 Loss and recapture of Adoni, 1380 A.D. 1512 · Attack on Kottakonda. repulsed, 1384 A.D.... 1513 Reduction of Goa, Circa 1391 A.D. 1514 Renewal of war against the Muhammadans, 1395 A.D. 1514 . E1:esh attacks on the Bii.hmani Kingdom, 1399 A.D.... 1515 " Dewal Roy" of :Ferishta. identified 1517 Examination of Mr. Sewell's views ... HilS Hariha.ra.'s successes proved ... 1519 Other \Vars ... ... 1519 Generals and Ministers... ... l 519 Domestic life 1521· Religious faith. 1527 Harihara II, as patron of Kannada. learning 1528 Social conditions; a great famine in 1390 A.D. 1529 Glimpses of rural life ... ... 1530 Features of local taxation •. 1530 Improving amenities of life ... 1531 · Chief towns of the reign ••• 1531 Moues of warfare ' .~. 1532 Death of Harihara. II, 1404 A.D.... .. 1532 Bukka-Rliya II and VirftlJii.ksha II, A.D. 1404 Dispute as to succession · ... 1534 Prapannam1·ita story examined .•• . .• 1535 · Nuniz's Ajarao identified with Virupaksha II ... l541 Deva-Rii.ya I, 1401-1422 '" · ... i544 War against the Bahmani Sult~n, Firiiz Shii.h 1466 A.D. 1544: War renewed, 1417-1419 A.D. ... .. 1547 Pafe of the War , , . 1548 'Part played by Rii.m~chandra-Odeya, son· of Deva· Raya ... 1549 lv J:>.&O:tl Attempt on Deva.-Raya.'s life ... 1549 Construction of a dam across Ha.ridra at Hariha.r, 1410- 1424 A.D. ... .... .... .• ... 1550 Generals and Ministers... • .. 1551 Personal appearance .. • 155! Domestic life .. .. • 1554 Death of Deva.-Raya. I, 1422 A.D ... 1556 VIra.-Vijaya.-Rii.ya. I, VIra.-Vij~ya.-Bukka. III or Vijaya Bukka III, 1422-1424 A.D. ••• 1557 Ahmed Shah's .campaign, 1422-1424 A.D. ... •.. 1561 Inscriptional records confirmed by Ferishta. 1562 Destruction of the Wa.rra.nga.l Kingdom, 1424 A.D .... 1563 Domestic life .. •• 15G3 Death of Vija.ya-Raya, 1424 A.D.... •.. 1571 Deva.-Raya. II, 1424·46 A.D. ... 1571 A Beda.r insurrection suppressed, 1427 A.D. •.. 1572 Bahmani invasion, 1435 A.D. ... 1573 Settlement of Muhammadans at Vija.ya.naga.r as soldiers, Circa 1435 A.D. .:. 1574: Attempt on the life of Deva.-Raya. II, between November 1442 and April1443. A.D. 157-! First Bahma.ni invasion, 1443 A.D. ... 1579 Inva!:lio~ of Ceylon 1443 A.D. 1580 Domestic life .. 1581 Generals and Ministers .. 1583 .Fame of Vija.ya.na.ga.r; Descriptions by foreign travellers 1587 Nicolo Dei Conti's a.ccount, 1241 A.D. · 1587 Abdur Ra.zaak's account, 1443 A.D. .. 1588 Deva-Raya n holding his Court ... 1590 Literary progress 1590 Social life in the middle of the 15th century 1595 Foreign trade .. • 1597 Religious faith 1598 Death of Deva-Raya . 1598 · Mallikarjuna, 1446-1487 A.D. .. 1600 Invasions of Vijayanaga.l', 1446 and 1462 . .. 1601 Levy of illegal exactions stopped, 1446 A.D. .,, 1604 Pundyan occupation of Kanchi, Circa 1469-70 A.D .... 160-i Massacre of Muhammadans at Bhatka.l, 1469 A.D. .. • 1606 • PAGI!I The massacre avenged, 1469 A.D. 1606 Yiriipii.ksha.'s attempt to retake Goa, 1472-3 A.D. 1607 Atha.na.sius Nikitin's description of Vija.yana.gar, Circa 147 4 A.D. ••• • •• 1607 Famine in the Decca.n, 1475 A.D.. ••• 160S Sultan Muhammad's war against N'arasimha, Circa 148Q-1 A.D. ••• 1609 !.larch on Kanchi and its capture, 1481 A.D. 1609 Fall and dismemberment of the Bahmani Kingdom, 1489 A.D. 1610 Domestic life . • •• 1610 A do.uble Revolution, 1466 and 1486 A.D. ... ••• 1612 Is the Viriipaksha. -of the Prapannamritam the Viriipii.k- sha. who compassed this Revolution ? .. • 1614 Nuniz's account of the affa.ir ••• 1615 Comparison between epigraphic data. and Nuniz's account . 1617 Examination of differences between the two sets of data. 1618 Brief enumeration of the differenc~s ••• 1620 The story of the two revolutions a.s indicated in epigra- phic records of the three sovereigns ... 1621 A study of the. above inscriptional tables A, B and 0. Table A : Ma.llikii.rjuna. ' • • . 1635 Table B: Viriipaksba. III ••• • •• 1637 . Table C: Sii.luva.-Na.ra.singa.-Raya... • •• 1639 Is the story of the flight of "Padeara.o "applicable to Viriipii.ksba. III 'I ... ... 1642 Ministers, Provincial Governors and Generals • •• 1644 Ma.llikii.rjuna a.s a literary patron... •• 1647 First signs of the growing influence of Sri· Vaishna vi sm. "1648 Forced abdication of Ma.llikarjuna a.:cd its effects ... 1648 Survey of Social, Religious and Rural conditions during 1 the Sangama. period, 1336-1486 A.D. • .. 1649 (i) Social Life ... 1649 ' (ii) .Religious Life . .. 1650 (a) The faith of Hariha.ra. and his .followers: Sa.ivism of the Pasupata. school ... 1650 (b) Connection. w;th Sringeri Ma.tba. and its effects ·... • •• 1654 • vi PAGE .. (c) Lull in temple architecture and sculpture 1605 . (d) Temple renovation and maintenance how met 1656 (e). Temple management, etc. .. 1657 (f) Toleration in . religion, a political necessity and virtue •. .. 1659 (g) Differences between Right hand and Lett · hand castes not due to religious but politi- cal causes .:. 1660 (iii) Rural life: Village Assemblies , .• 1662 Rural rates 1663 (iv) Literary progress ... 1663 Pedigree of the Sanga.ma. Dynasty 1666 · The Second (or Saluva) Dynasty. 1:1:86-14.99 A.D. Saluva Narasinga-Rii.ya or Sii.luva Nara.simha. I, 1486- 1497 A.D. .. .. 1666 Early History of the Sii.luvas ... 1667 Saluva. Tikkama, 1276 A.D. 1667 Saluva-Mangu, great-grand-father of N ara.singa-Ra ya., the usurper... 1669 His early heroic deeds .. , ••• 1670 His later history •.• 1671 His descendants ... 1676 Other Saluva subordinates, probably connected with Saluva.-Mangu · ... 1676 Saluva .Narasinga.-Rii.ya., the usurper, also known as Sii.luva Narasimha-Rii.ya. I · 1678 His birth and early history 1678 His conquests · The extent of his kingdom 1684 His military tour of India and coronation at Benares 1GSG His encouragement of trade in horses . .. 1GSS As a literary patron ••• 1688 As a donor of gifts ••• 1690 His titlE!s •.. 1691 Domestic life •.• ... 1692 Personal appearance ..c 1G:J3 Generals and Ministers ... ... 1693 Period of his rule, 1453-1497 A.D • 1693 • vii Tl:e course of Saluva. K!U"asimha.'s Revolution 1G95 The chief agents in the Revolution a.nd their methods.
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