Environmental Health COURSE NUMBER: 590R CLASS NUMBER

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DATE OF THIS DRAFT: 3/5/2019 3:48 PM

DEPARTMENT: Environmental Health

COURSE NUMBER: 590R CLASS NUMBER: 001 SEMESTER: S 2019

CREDIT HOURS: 2 TIME: 1:00-2:50pm Monday ROOM: GCR L35

Politics of Public Health COURSE TITLE:

INSTRUCTOR NAME: Richard Doner

TA NAME: Sabrina Haque

INSTRUCTOR / TA CONTACT INFORMATION: [email protected]

EMAIL: [email protected]

PHONE: Richard Doner (404) 727-7914

SCHOOL ADDRESS / OFFICE LOCATION: Tarbutton Hall 304

OFFICE HOURS: TTh 3:30-5 and by appointment BRIEF COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course is designed to help students, as future public health practitioners, understand and anticipate the ways in which politics – defined as interests, power, and institutions – affect public health interventions. This is thus a course on “applied” politics, not one on environmental justice or the broader political determinants of health outcomes. The course is structured around key stages in the policy process: agenda setting, policy formulation and adoption, implementation and evaluation. Using cases drawn from a range of countries, supplemented by several guest speakers, the course will explore specific kinds of institutional and political bottlenecks, potential solutions, and generalizability of lessons learned from specific cases.

Rollins Competencies • Assess the impact of context-specific political factors on the nature and outcomes of public health interventions

EH Competencies • Explain major policy issues in Environmental Health as they emerge and are addressed in diverse socio-political contexts

GEH Competencies

LIST• LEARNINGAssess the OBJECTIVES major forces that ASSOCIATED influence the WITH health THE of populations COMPETENCIES around the world

• Critically assess the importance of contextual factors for public health strategies By the end of the semester, students should be able to: • Develop an analytical framework for assessing the political and institutional feasibility of specific environmental and other types of public health policies • Identify key actors – public, private, non-profit – involved in environmental health policymaking, their interests, agendas, strategies, sources of power • Understand the nature and impact of political institutions on environmental health policies. • Appreciate the impact of a population’s history and perceptions on the feasibility of diverse policy interventions

• Explain the factors influencing the contribution of science and scientists in shaping and implementing environmental health policy 1 • Assess the often-unanticipated costs, as well as benefits, of diverse evaluation methods

EVALUATION

Class Participation (25%). This course is a seminar. Active participation of all students is essential and attendance is mandatory. Absences must be cleared with the instructors in advance. In the interest of ensuring good discussion, please do not use laptops or tablets in the class. Either bring copies of your readings or your notes.

Discussion leaders for guest speakers (10%). Two-three students will sign up to lead the discussion with guest speakers. Drawing on the assigned readings, the discussion leaders will take 5-10 minutes to comment on the speaker’s presentation and then lead off the Q/A with 2-3 questions.

Discussion Questions (15%). For each class session beginning with the second class, students are required to email to the instructor at least three questions based on the readings for that session. Note: these are to be emailed by 5pm on Monday before the Tuesday class. Late submissions will be penalized for each hour past 5pm.

Applied summary memos (50%). Students will prepare three (three-four page) memos summarizing key lessons drawn from the first three policy stages (agenda setting, formulation, implementation) as they relate to a particular policy area (based on the student’s interest / expertise). A final project to be tu rned in at the end of the semester will take the form of a (five-page) “concept note” suitable for submission for a small grant to fund initial research on the student’s issue. The note, which synthesize previous memos and draws on a limited amount of outside materials, will address 1) the problem and its background, 2) the proposed research questions, and 3) the proposed research/evaluation method(s). The note is to highlight the impact of political factors as discussed during the semester. Further guida nce will be provided in-class.

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ACADEMIC HONOR CODE The RSPH requires that all material submitted by a student in fulfilling his or her academic course of study must be the original work of the student.

Date Theme Topics and Cases Guest Reading (subject to change; * ECAS students)

1. Jan 15 Overview: Course overview and Frieden.“A Framework…” politics, logistics Kollman. “Collective Dilemmas” political 2. Jan 22 economy and The policy process Semuels . Saga of N. Carolina’s…” policy Water and Sanitation World Bank. “The Pol Economy of...” process Nutrition Balarajan and Rich. “Pol econ challenges…” * Hauck and Smith 2015. “The Politics of…” 3. Jan 29 Framework CDC. “Winnable Battles” CDC “Winnable Battles” D’Agnes. “Aids in Thailand,” HIV/AIDS in Thailand 4. Feb. 5 Agenda Interests and ideology McCauley Nelson 2017. “Protecting Farmworkers…” Setting Heat stress/farmworkers Mix et al. “Hydration Status…” Bail et al. “The Impact of Invisibility…” McCray. “A Disturbing Trend…” TBA 5. Feb. 12 Interests Rosenberg Masters. “Former CDC Leaders…” Gun violence (RSPH Instit of Medicine. “Priorities for Research…” Beyond partisanship talk) Rubin “Tale of 2 Agencies…” Goss. “America’s Missing…” Blocher. “How America’s Tradition…” Stein. “The NEA is a powerful… * Pierson. “Power and Path Dependence” February 1st Summary Memo Due 15 6. Feb 19 Interests and institutions Hacker. “Why Reform Happened.” Health sector reform Reich. “Adopting National Health Insurance” U.S. - ACA Immergut. “The Rules of the Game” W. Africa * Hacker.” “The Road to Somewhere.”

7. Feb 26 Interests and institutions Koplan Bump / Reich. “Pol econ analysis for tobacco” Policy Smoking in China Li. Political Mapping for China’s Tobacco…” Formulation *Howlett et al., Chs 5, 6. 8. March 5 and Adoption Ethnic-religious divisions Rice Easterly. “Polarized Peoples.” Reproductive health Tschann and Soon. “Contraceptive Coverage” Dependent health care Leichter. “Ethnic Politics…”

9. March Spring Break 12

Date Theme Topic Guest Reading (subject to change)

10. March 19 Policy Democracy and public Warwick. “Indonesian Family Planning” Formulation health Reich. “Adopting National Health Insurance and Family planning Ross. “Is Democracy Good for the Poor?” Adoption Indonesia * Keefer. “Does democracy help?” (cont’d) Nat’l health insurance in W. Africa March 22 2nd Summary Memo Due

11. March 26 Implementation across Kitron Nelson 1999 policies Du Clos et al 2015

Climate change and Filmer et al 2000 vector-borne diseases * ritchett and Woolcock.. “When the Solution..”

12. April 2 State capacity / “good Hilmer Lubongo et al 2015 governance” CDC 2014 Epidem. T raining Suriyawongpaisal. “Road Injuries in Thailand.” Policy Child mortality in Schreiber. “Chasing an Epidemic” Implementat Africa *Croke. “The Political Economy of Child…” ion Road safety in Thailand 13. April 9 Evaluation and Chapel Frieden. “Evidence for Health Decision…” Implementation Woolcock. “Using Case studies…” CDC experience

April 13 3rd Summary Memo Due

14. April 16 Evaluation and Non-state Clasen Hobbes. “Stop Trying to Save the World” actors (NGOs) Clasen et al. “Effectiveness of a rural…”

Monitoring and 15. April 23 Evaluation Evaluation Methods and Haque Theobald et al. “Implementation Research…” Implementation Science Nielson. “Making Sense…” Brown et al. “An Overview...”

May 4 Concept Note Due

WEEKLY TOPICS AND READINGS

Reading List (subject to change; items marked with * are required only for Emory College students; “supplementary” items may be useful for further research)

1. Jan. 15 Introduction to Politics and Political Economy (Sanitation) ~ Thomas Frieden 2010.“A Framework for Public Health Action: The Health Impact Pyramid” American Journal of Public Health. 100:4, pp. 590-595. ~ Ken Kollman, 2012. The American Political System. W.W. Norton, pp. 10-24 * Katharina Hauck and Peter C. Smith. 2015. “The Politics of Priority Setting in Health: A Political Economy Perspective.” Center for Global Development, Working Paper 414 (September).

2. Jan. 22 Policy Challenges - Overview: (WASH; Coal ash and drinking water in N. C.) ~ Alana Semuels, 2017. “The Saga of North Carolina’s Contaminated Water,” The Atlantic, April 18. ~ WSP/WB, 2011. “The Political Economy of Sanitation: How can we increase investment and improve service for the Poor,” WSP Sanitation Global Practice Team (February), pp. 13-37, 47-56, and one country case in appendix ~ Yarlini Balarajan and Michael Reich. 2016. “Political economy challenges in nutrition.” Global Health. 12:70.

3. Jan. 29 Agenda Setting 1 – Overview (HIV/AIDS) ~ Thomas D’Agnes. 2001. “Aids in Thailand,” in From Condoms to Cabbages: An Authorized Biography of Mechai Viravaidya, pp. 317-352. ~ Thomas Frieden / CDC. 2017. Winnable Battles: Final Report, pp. 1-7 * ~ Howlett et al, Studying Public Policy, Chs 3 only for RSPH students; Chs 3 and 4 (50-107)

Supplementary ~ “HIV in Thailand: The 100% Condom Program,” 2011. Cases in Global Health. Cambridge: Mass.: Global Health Delivery Project, Harvard University

4. Feb. 5 Agenda Setting 2 – Interests and Ideology (Climate change and occupational health of farmworkers; Guest: Dr. Linda McCauley, Dean, Rollins School of Nursing)

~ Mix et al. 2018. JOEM. 60:5 (May). “Hydration Status, Kidney Function, and Kidney Injury to Florida Agricultural Workers. JOEM. 60:5 (May), pp. 253-260. ~ Bail et al. 2012. “The Impact of Invisibility on the Health of Migrant Farmeworkers in the Southeastern United States: A Case Study from Georgia.” Nursing Research and Practice. July, pp. ~ Rebecca McCray. 2014. “A Disturbing Trend in Agriculture: Prisoner-Picked Vegetables.” Takepart. April 14. www.takepart.com/article/2014/04/14/prison-ag-labor ~ Diane Nelson. 2017. “Protecting Farmworkers as Temperatures Climb.” Science and Climate. August 31. https://climatechange.ucdavis.edu/news/protecting-californias-farmworkers-as- temperatures-climb/

5. Feb. 12 Agenda Setting 3 - Framing (gun violence as public health; Dr. Mark Rosenberg, former Director, CDC Center for Injury Control; former CEO of Task Force for Global Health) ~ Kate Masters, 2016. “Former CDC Leaders Say the Agency Could Do a Lot More to Research Gun Violence.” The Trace. April 4. 10 pp;

~ Institute of Medicine. 2013. “Priorities for Research to Reduce the Threat of Firearm-Related Violence.” Report Brief (June). 4 pp; ~ Rita Rubin. 2016. “Tale of 2 Agencies: CDC Avoids Gun Violence Research But NIH Funds It,” JAMA. 16):1689-1692. ~ Kristin Goss. 2012. “America’s Missing Popular Movement for Gun Control,” Scholars Strategy Network. December. ~ Joseph Blocher. 2013. “How America’s Tradition of Localism Could Help Gun Control.” Scholars Strategy Network. April. ~ Jeff Stein. 2017. “The NRA is a powerful political force – but not because of its money.” VOX. Oct. 5. * Goodwin and Schroedel, “Policy Diffusion and Strategies for Promoting Policy Change: Evidence From California Local Gun Control Ordinances,” Policy Studies Journal *~ Paul Pierson, “Power and Path Dependence.” In James Mahoney and Kathleen Thelen, Comparative Historical Analysis

Supplementary ~ Weiner et al. 2007. “Reducing Firearms Violence: A Research Agenda,” Injury Prevention. 13:2, pp. 80-84. http://injuryprevention.bmj.com/content/13/2/80.full ~ Krista Tippett. 2017. Interview with Jonathan Haidt, “The Psychology of Self-Righteousness” On Being. Oct. 19. (read transcript or listen to podcast).

1st Summary Memo Due Feb. 15

6. Feb 19 Policy Formulation 1 – The Impact of Interests (Health Care Reform) ~Jacob Hacker. 2011. “Why Reform Happened: Rethinking Conceptual Frameworks.” Journal of Health, Politics, Policy and Law. 36:3 (June). ~ Joseph Harris. 2015. ‘‘Developmental Capture’’ of the State: Explaining Thailand’s Universal Coverage Policy Joseph Harris Boston University. Journal of Health, Politics, Policy and Law. 40:1 (February) pp 165-188. * Jacob Hacker. 2010 The Road to Somewhere: Why Health Reform Happened, or Why Political Scientists Who Write about Public Policy Shouldn't Assume They Know How to Shape It Perspectives on Politics 8 861 – 876 http://www.jstor.org.proxy.library.emory.edu/stable/pdf/40984651.pdf *Ellen Immergut, “The Rules of the Game: The Logic of Health Policy-making…”

Supplementary ~ Articles in special issue of Journal of Health, Politics, Policy and Law 40:1 (February 2015) devoted to politics of health sector reform in emerging economies. ~ Joseph Harris. “Uneven Inclusion: Consequences of Universal Health Care in Thailand.” Citizenship Studies 17, no. 1(2013): 111-127. ~ Joan Nelson, “The Politics of Health Sector Reform: Cross-National Comparisons” in Robert Kaufman and Joan Nelson, eds., Crucial Needs, Weak Incentives: Social Sector Reform, Democratization, and Globalization ~ World Health Organization (WHO). “Successful Health Systems Reforms: The Case of Turkey.” Geneva: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2012, pp. 5-20.

7. Feb. 26 Policy Formulation 2 - The Impact of Interests and Institutions (tobacco in China; Dr. Jeff Koplan, former CDC Director, V.P. for Global Health, Emory Global Health Institute) ~ “’Sin Taxes’ and Health Financing in the Philippines.” 2015. Cases in Global Health Delivery. Cambridge, Mass: Global Health Delivery Project, Harvard University. (October), pp. 1-18. ~ Cheng Li. 2012. The Political Mapping of China’s Tobacco Industry and Anti-Smoking Campaign. John L. Thornton China Center Monograph Series Number 5. (October). For RSPH students: pp 110-133. ~Jesse B. Bump and Michael Reich. 2013. “Political economy analysis for tobacco control in low- and middle- income countries.” Health Policy and Planning. 28, pp. 123-133. *~ Howlett et al., Studying Public Policy, Chs. 5, 6

Supplementary ~ Michael Pertschuk. 2008. Smoke in their Eyes: Lessons in Movement Leadership from the Tobacco Wars. ~ Joy de Beyer, Nina Kollars, Nancy Edwards, and Harold Cheung. “Research on Tobacco in China: An annotated bibliography of research on tobacco use, health effects, policies, farming and industry.” “Economics of Tobacco Control Paper No. 21, HNP/World Bank.

8. March 5 Policy Formulation 3: The Impact of Ethnic/Religious/Linguistic Diversity (reproductive health; Dr. Whitney Rice, Assist. Prof. Rollins School of Public Health) ~ Mary Tschann and Reni Soon. 2015. “Contraceptive Coverage and the Affordable Care Act.” Obstet Gynecol Clin N Am 42, pp. 605-617. ~ William Easterly. 2002. “Polarized Peoples,” in Easterly, The Elusive Quest for Growth, pp. 255-284. ~ Howard Leichter. 204. “Ethnic Politics, Policy Fragmentation, and Dependent Health Care Access in California,” Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law. 29:2, pp. 177-202. * Raphael Franck and Ilia Rainer. 2012. “Does the Leader’s Ethnicity Matter? Ethnic Favoritism,, Education and Health in Sub-Saharan Africa.” American Political Science Review, 106:2 (May), pp. 294-325.

Supplementary ~ Prerna Singh. “We-Ness and Welfare: A Longitudinal Analysis of Social Development in Kerala, India.” In World Development 39, no. 2(2010): 282-293. ~ Martina Bjorkman and Jakob Svensson. “When is Community-Based Monitoring Effective? Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Primary Health in Uganda.” In Journal of European Economic Association 8, nos. 2-3(2010): pp. 571-581. ~ Evan S. Lieberman. Boundaries of Contagion: How Ethnic Politics Have Shaped Government Responses to AIDS. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009, including case study/empirical chapters TBAA ~ Jonathan Hanson. 2013. “Diversity and Development: The Interaction of Political Institutions with Social Context.” Paper presented at the 2013 Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Assocs., April 11- 14, 2013. ~ James Habyarmina, et al. “Why Does Ethnic Diversity Undermine Public Goods Provision?” In American Political Science Review 101, no. 4(November 2007): 709-725. ~ Edward Miguel. “Tribe or Nation? Nation Building and Public Goods in Kenya versus Tanzania.” In World Politics 56(April 2004): 327-362. ~ Kate Baldwin and John D. Huber. “Economic Versus Cultural Differences: Forms of Ethnic Diversity and Public Good Provision.” In American Review of Political Science 104, no. 4(November 2010): 644-662. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/aec4/b7df4b2e970023ca12f9500e5cbc9a178aea.pdf

9. March 12 Spring Break

10. March 19 Policy Formulation 4: The Impact of Regime Type: Is Democracy Good for Public Health? (family planning in Indonesia) ~ Donald Warwick. 1986. "The Indonesian Family Planning Program: Government Influence and Client Choice" Population and Development Review 12:3 (Sept.) ~ Michael Reich. 2012. “Adopting National Health Insurance in West Africa.” Harvard Global Health Teaching Case. ~ Philip Keefer, “Does Democracy Help?” Ch. 10 in * Michael Ross. 2006. “Is Democracy Good for the Poor?” American Journal of Political Science. 50:4 (October), pp. 860-874.

Supplementary ~ Philip Keefer. 2004. “What Does Political Economy Tell Us About Development and Vice Versa”? Annual Review of Political Science. ~ John Gerring, Strom Thacker and Rodrigo Alfaro. 2012. “Democracy and Human Development.” Journal of Politics. 74:1 (January), pp. 1-17.

~ Kudamatsu, Masayuki. 2007. “Has democratization reduced infant mortality in sub-saharan Africa.” Evidence from micro data. Discussion Paper 685. Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University. (‘democratization has reduced infant mortality’) ~ Joel Seway, 2011. “Electoral Reform and Public Policy Outcomes in Thailand: The Politics of the 30-baht Health Scheme,” World Politics 63: 1, pp. 165-202. ~ McGuire, James. 2010. “Political Regime and Social Performance.” Contemporary Politics 19:1, pp 55-75. ~ David A. Lake and Matthew A. Baum. “The Invisible Hand of Democracy: Political Control and the Provision of Public Services.” In Comparative Political Studies 34, no. 6(2001): 587-621. ~ Michael Ross. “Is Democracy Good for the Poor? In American Journal of Political Science 51 no. 4(October 2007): 804-821.

2nd Summary Memo Due March 22

11. March 26 Policy Implementation 1 - Why Are Some Interventions More Difficult than Others? (climate change and vector-borne diseases; Prof. Uriel Kitron, Dept. of Environmental Studies, Emory University) ~ Nelson, Joan. 1999. Reforming Health and Education: The World Bank, the IDB, and Complex Institutional Change. Washington, DC: Overseas Development Council, pp. xii-11. ~ P. du Cros et al. 2015. “Challenges and solutions to implementing drug-resistant tuberculosis programmes for children in Central Asia.” Public Health Action. 5:2 (June 21), pp. 99-102. ~ Filmer, Deon, Jeffrey S. Hammer and Lant H. Pritchett. 2000. “Weak Links in the Chain: A Diagnosis of Health Policy in Poor Countries,” World Bank research Observers 15, no. 2, 199-224. * Lant Pritchett and Michael Woolcock. 2004. “When the Solution is the Problem: Arraying the Disarray in Development.” World Development. 32:2, pp. 191-212. * Moises Naim. 1994. “Latin America: The Second Stage of Reform.” Journal of Democracy. 5:4 (October), pp. 32-48.

Supplementary *~ Richard Doner and Jacob Ricks. 2017. “Development Tasks.” Unpublished paper, Emory University and Singapore Management University. *~ Matt Andrews, Lant Pritchett and Michael Woolcock. 2013. “Escaping Capability Traps Through Problem- Driven Iterative Adaptation (PDIA).” World Development. 51, pp. 234-244. -Perhaps use Manne et al (see previous week reference) on obstacles to tresatment of Chagas in Mexico - Use Skolnik table 5-8 selected healthcare interventions – which are difficult

12. April 2 Policy Implementation 2 – State Capacity – What is “Good Governance” and Where Does It Come From? (Dr. Angel Hilmer, Task Force for Global health) ~ “Mutaawe Lubongo et al., “Ebola virus disease outbreak; the role of field epidemiology training programme in the fight against the epidemic, Liberia, 2014.” Pan African Medical Journal. 2015 (22 (Supp1): 5. ~ Leon Schreiber. 2015. “Chasing an Epidemic: Coordinating Liberia’s Response to Ebola 2014-2015.” Princeton case studies in Innovation for Successful Societies. ~ Thomas Frieden and Inger Danon. “ Ebola in West Africa—CDC’s Role in Epidemic Detection, Control, and Prevention.” Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 21, No. 11, November 2015 ~ “Measuring Good Governance: Kaufman and Kray.” n.d. Harvard Kennedy School https://sites.hks.harvard.edu/fs/pnorris/DPI403%20Fall09/11%20DPI403%20Measuring%20good%20gove rnance%20Kaufmann-Kraay.pdf – see espec pp 10-11 * Kevin Croke, 2012. “The Political Economy of Child Mortality Decline in Tanzania and Uganda, 1995-2007.” Studies in Comparative International Development. 47 (August), pp. 441-463.

Supplementary ~ “A Stabbing, a Possible Ebola Outbreak, and a ‘Time Bomb.’” 2016. Podcast: The Hidden Brain. Dec. 6. https://www.npr.org/2016/12/06/504462924/a-stabbing-a-possible-ebola-outbreak-and-a-time-bomb

~ Bell et al., Overview, Control Strategies, and Lessons Learned in the CDC Response to the 2014–2016 Ebola Epidemic Supplements / Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Review (MMWR) July 8, 2016 / 65(3);4–11 https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/su/su6503a2.htm ~CDC. 2014. “Ebola Virus Outbreak – Nigeria, July-September 2014.” MMWR. Oct 3, 2014 / 63 (39): 867-872. ~ Paibul Suriyawongpaisal and Somchai Kanchanasur. 2003. “Road traffic injuries in Thailand: Trends, selected underlying determinants and status of intervention.” Injury Control and Safety Promotion. 10: 1, pp. 95- 104. See especially pp. 101-103 on institutional fragmentation. Note: no discussion of impact of auto industry. Use as background the intro to the journal by Nantulya et al, “Introduction: The global challenge of road traffic injuries.” ~ Peter Evans and Patrick Heller, 2013. “Human Development, State Transformation and the Politics of the Developmental State.” In Stephan Leibfried, Frank Nullmeier, Evelyne Huber, Matthew Lange, Jonah Levy and John D. Stephens eds., The Oxford Handbook of Transformations of the State, Ch. 38. ~ Marcus Kurz and Andrew Schrank on “Governance,” Journal of Politics… ~ Bingjie Hu and Ronald U. Mendoza. “Public Health Spending, Governance, and Child Health Outcomes: Revisiting the Links.” In Journal of Human Development and Capabilities 14, no. 2(2013): 285-311. ~ Bradley Parks, Mark Buntaine and Benjamin Buch. 2017. “Why international aid so often falls short – and sometimes makes things worse.” Monkey Cage / WaPo. September 19. ~ Svea Closser, Chasing Polio in Pakisan, (Vanderbilt Univ Press, 2010); ~ Judith Tendler and Sara Freedheim. “Trust in a Rent-Seeking World: Health and Government Transformed in Northeast Brazil.” In World Development 22, no. 12(December 1994): 1771-1791. ~ Ciccone, Dana Karen, Taryn Vian, Lydia Maurer, and Elizabeth H. Bradley. “Linking Governance Mechanisms to Health Outcomes: A Review of the Literature in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.” In Social Science and Medicine 117 (2014): 86-95. ~ Soren Holmberg and Bo Rothstein. 2011. “Dying of Corruption.” In Health Economics, Policy, and Law 6: 529- 547.

13. April 9 Monitoring and Evaluation: Case Studies and RCTs (Tom Chapel, Chief Evaluation Officer, CDC) ~ Thomas R. Frieden, 2017. “Evidence for Health Decision Making beyond Randomized, Controlled Trials,” New England Journal of Medicine ~ Michael Woolcock. 2013. “Using case studies to explore the external validity of ‘complex’ development interventions.” Evaluation. 19(3): pp. 229-234 only

14. April 16 Policy Implementation 3: Non-State Actors (Rural sanitation, water privatization; (Prof. Tom Clasen, RSPH) v~ Michael Hobbes. 2014. “Stop Trying to Save the World: Big Ideas are Destroying International Development,” The New Republic. (Nov. 17). ~ Thomas Clasen et al, “Effectiveness of a rural sanitation programme on diarrhea, soil-transmitted helminth infection, and child malnutrition in Odisha, India: a cluster-randomised trial,” The Lancet (October 2014) https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/8174.pdf ~ Global Water Partnership, 2017. Bolivia: The water war to resist privatisation of water in Cochabamba. (Jan. 25). * Alexander Dwinell and Marcela Olivera,, 2014. “The water is ours damn it! Water commoning in Bolivia.” Community Development Journal 49:S1 (January), pp. i44–i52 * Claire Mcloughlin and Daniel Harris. 2013. “The politics of progress on water and sanitation in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Politics and Governance (January) (36pp)

Supplementary ~ Thomas Coleman, “Who Owns the Water? An Analysis of Water Conflicts in Latin American and Modern Water Law,” intersections 12, no. 2 (2012): 1-19. ~ Amenga-Etego, Rudolf Nsorwine, and Sara Grusky. 2005. "The New Face of Conditionalities: The World Bank and Water Privatization in Ghana." Pp. 275-92 in McDonald and Ruiters, eds., The Age of Commodity: Water Privatization in Southern Africa, ~ Spronk, Susan. 2007. "Roots of Resistance to Urban Water Privatization in Bolivia: The "New Working Class," the Crisis of Neoliberalism, and Public Services." International Labor and Working-Class History 71:8-28.

15. April 23 Evaluation Methods and Implementation Science (Sabrina Haque, RSPH)

~ Theobald, S., Brandes, N., Gyapong, M., El-Saharty, S., Proctor, E., Diaz, T., ... & Bharal, S. 2018. “Implementation research: new imperatives and opportunities in global health.” The Lancet, 392(10160), 2214-2228. ~ Nilsen, P. 2015. “Making sense of implementation theories, models and frameworks.” Implementation Science, 10(1), 53. ~ Brown, C. H., Curran, G., Palinkas, L. A., Aarons, G. A., Wells, K. B., Jones, L., ... & Tabak, R. G. 2017. “An overview of research and evaluation designs for dissemination and implementation.” Annual review of public health, 38, 1-22.

Supplementary ~ Damschroder, L. J., Aron, D. C., Keith, R. E., Kirsh, S. R., Alexander, J. A., & Lowery, J. C. 2009. “Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science.” Implementation science, 4(1), 50. ~Proctor, E., Silmere, H., Raghavan, R., Hovmand, P., Aarons, G., Bunger, A., ... & Hensley, M. 2011. “Outcomes for implementation research: conceptual distinctions, measurement challenges, and research agenda.” Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 38(2), 65-76.

May 5 Final paper due