ISTM/2003 5Th International Symposium on Test and Measurement Volume3
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Chinese Civilization
Chinese Civilization PREHISTORY Sources for the earliest history Until recently we were dependent for the beginnings of Chinese history on the written Chinese tradition. According to these sources China's history began either about 4000 B.C. or about 2700 B.C. with a succession of wise emperors who "invented" the elements of a civilization, such as clothing, the preparation of food, marriage, and a state system; they instructed their people in these things, and so brought China, as early as in the third millennium B.C., to an astonishingly high cultural level. However, all we know of the origin of civilizations makes this of itself entirely improbable; no other civilization in the world originated in any such way. As time went on, Chinese historians found more and more to say about primeval times. All these narratives were collected in the great imperial history that appeared at the beginning of the Manchu epoch. That book was translated into French, and all the works written in Western languages until recent years on Chinese history and civilization have been based in the last resort on that translation. The Peking Man Man makes his appearance in the Far East at a time when remains in other parts of the world are very rare and are disputed. He appears as the so-called "Peking Man", whose bones were found in caves of Chou-k'ou-tien south of Peking. The Peking Man is vastly different from the men of today, and forms a special branch of the human race, closely allied to the Pithecanthropus of Java. -
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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 232 4th International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2018) Preparation of Tang Chang'an Persian Studies Jumei Li Institute of Silk Road Studies Northwest University Xi’an, China 710069 Abstract—This electronic document is a “live” template and “West Persia”, “The Nieshi division passed away for twenty already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, years because of its guests, and the tribal people benefited etc.] in its style sheet. The Tang Dynasty was the most from being separated. At the beginning of the Dragon King, prosperous dynasty of foreign exchange in Chinese history. he returned to the North and granted the left Weiwei General. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, China and the Westerners He died, and the west still existed. Kaiyuan, Tianbao Room, including Persia exchanged achievements in the development sent ten generations of envoys, offering agate beds, fire of civilization between the East and the West. Take the feather embroidery dance."[3] The royal family Pylus, Persians of the Western Regions as an example. During this "Shang Hengzhong entered the DPRK and granted the right- period, various Persians entered China and took root in wing general Wu Wei to die." The son of Nigellus, the Nie Changan, bringing with them the material spiritual civilization Division teacher, served as a proton in Datang Chang'an to of the West. The compatriots' brilliance of the Tang Dynasty drew the attention of Persians from all walks of life. From the maintain the harmonious diplomatic relations between the literature and archaeological data as well as the research two countries. -
Mirror, Moon, and Memory in Eighth-Century China: from Dragon Pond to Lunar Palace
EUGENE Y. WANG Mirror, Moon, and Memory in Eighth-Century China: From Dragon Pond to Lunar Palace Why the Flight-to-the-Moon The Bard’s one-time felicitous phrasing of a shrewd observation has by now fossilized into a commonplace: that one may “hold, as ’twere, the mirror up to nature; to show virtue her own feature, scorn her own image, and the very age and body of the time his form and pressure.”1 Likewise deeply rooted in Chinese discourse, the same analogy has endured since antiquity.2 As a commonplace, it is true and does not merit renewed attention. When presented with a physical mirror from the past that does register its time, however, we realize that the mirroring or showing promised by such a wisdom is not something we can take for granted. The mirror does not show its time, at least not in a straightforward way. It in fact veils, disfi gures, and ultimately sublimates the historical reality it purports to refl ect. A case in point is the scene on an eighth-century Chinese mirror (fi g. 1). It shows, at the bottom, a dragon strutting or prancing over a pond. A pair of birds, each holding a knot of ribbon in its beak, fl ies toward a small sphere at the top. Inside the circle is a tree fl anked by a hare on the left and a toad on the right. So, what is the design all about? A quick iconographic exposition seems to be in order. To begin, the small sphere refers to the moon. -
A Study of Policies and Legislation Affecting Payments for Watershed Services in China
A study of policies and legislation affecting payments for watershed services in China Changjin Sun and Chen Liqiao January 2006 The views represented in this document do not necessarily represent those of the institutions involved, nor do they necessarily represent official UK Government and/or DFID policies. A review of watershed environmental services in China Contacts: Changjin Sun and Chen Liqiao, Chinese Research Center of Ecological and Environmental Economics Beijing • Tel: 010-8481 4391 • Fax: 010-8482 6362 • Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Forestry and Land Use, Natural Resources Group, International Institute for Environment and Development, 3 Endsleigh Street, London WC1H 0DD, UK • Tel: +44 (0)20 7388 2117 • Fax: +44 (0)20 7388 2826 • Email: [email protected] Citation: Sun, Changjin and Chen Liqiao (2006) A study of policies and legislation affecting payments for watershed services in China. Research Center of Ecological and Environmental Economics Beijing, and International Institute for Environment and Development, London, UK. Developing markets for watershed protection services and improved livelihoods Based on evidence from a range of field sites the IIED project, ‘Developing markets for watershed services and improved livelihoods’ is generating debate on the potential role of markets for watershed services. Under this subset of markets for environmental services, downstream users of water compensate upstream land managers for activities that influence the quantity and quality of downstream water. The project purpose is to increase understanding of the potential role of market mechanisms in promoting the provision of watershed services for improving livelihoods in developing countries. The project is funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID). -
Adaptive Fuzzy Pid Controller's Application in Constant Pressure Water Supply System
2010 2nd International Conference on Information Science and Engineering (ICISE 2010) Hangzhou, China 4-6 December 2010 Pages 1-774 IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1076H-PRT ISBN: 978-1-4244-7616-9 1 / 10 TABLE OF CONTENTS ADAPTIVE FUZZY PID CONTROLLER'S APPLICATION IN CONSTANT PRESSURE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM..............................................................................................................................................................................................................1 Xiao Zhi-Huai, Cao Yu ZengBing APPLICATION OF OPC INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY IN SHEARER REMOTE MONITORING SYSTEM ...............................5 Ke Niu, Zhongbin Wang, Jun Liu, Wenchuan Zhu PASSIVITY-BASED CONTROL STRATEGIES OF DOUBLY FED INDUCTION WIND POWER GENERATOR SYSTEMS.................................................................................................................................................................................9 Qian Ping, Xu Bing EXECUTIVE CONTROL OF MULTI-CHANNEL OPERATION IN SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM..........................14 Li Tao, Hu Guangmin, Zhao Taiyin, Li Lei URBAN VEGETATION COVERAGE INFORMATION EXTRACTION BASED ON IMPROVED LINEAR SPECTRAL MIXTURE MODE.....................................................................................................................................................................18 GUO Zhi-qiang, PENG Dao-li, WU Jian, GUO Zhi-qiang ECOLOGICAL RISKS ASSESSMENTS OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATIONS IN THE YANCHENG RED-CROWN CRANE NATIONAL NATURE RESERVE BY SUPPORT -
A Data Compression Algorithm Based on Adaptive Huffman Code for Wireless Sensor Networks
2011 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation (ICICTA 2011) Shenzhen, China 28 – 29 March 2011 Volume 1 Pages 1-618 IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1188E-PRT ISBN: 978-1-61284-289-9 1/4 2011 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation ICICTA 2011 Table of Contents Volume - 1 Preface - Volume 1.....................................................................................................................................................xxv Conference Committees - Volume 1.......................................................................................................................xxvi Reviewers - Volume 1.............................................................................................................................................xxviii Session 1: Advanced Comptation Theory and Applications A Data Compression Algorithm Based on Adaptive Huffman Code for Wireless Sensor Networks .............................................................................................................................................................3 Mo Yuanbin, Qiu Yubing, Liu Jizhong, and Ling Yanxia A Genetic Algorithm for Solving Weak Nonlinear Bilevel Programming Problems ....................................................7 Yulan Xiao and Hecheng Li A Layering Learning Routing Algorithm of WSNs Based on ADS Approach ............................................................10 Wang Zhaoqing and Zhong Sheng A Load Distribution Optimization among -
Growing Demand and Challenges Kuang-Ting Huang a Dissertation
Remaking Chinese Planning as a Profession: Growing Demand and Challenges Kuang-ting Huang A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2012 Daniel B Abramson, Chair Jeffrey Hou, Chair Kam Wing Chan Susan H. Whiting Program Authorized to Offer Degree: College of Built Environments University of Washington Abstract Remaking Chinese Planning as a Profession: Growing Demand and Challenges Kuang-ting Huang Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Associate Professor Daniel B. Abramson Department of Urban Design and Planning Associate Professor Jeffrey Hou Department of Landscape Architecture Since China initiated its pro-market reform in 1978, the way Chinese cities are governed has undergone a profound change. Central to such change is the fundamental revival of urban land as economic assets, because of which making plans for future land use has become an increasingly important government function and therefore the practice of urban planning (chengshi guihua) has begun to expand and take shape as a profession. However, with the expansion and professionalization of Chinese planning, there is also a growing criticism against the way urban planning has been developed into a development- and profit-driven profession. This dissertation thus aims to examine the evolutionary process of Chinese planning, through which the key factors causing such contradictory development are identified: First, since the 1994 tax sharing reform, the government at the local level has been put under intense pressure to increase its reliance on land transfer revenue and pursue land development. Increasingly, the role of urban planning has been limited to serving as a tool to facilitate the process, leaving other concerns largely unaddressed. -
Transforming Payments for Environmental Services in China: Moving from State Control to Equitable Market Mechanisms
1 Transforming payments for environmental services in China: moving from state control to equitable market mechanisms A diagnostic country study contributing to the international project: Developing markets for watershed protection services and improved livelihoods1 Workplan for July 2004 to September 2005 Executive Summary The overall purpose of the project is to: “increase the understanding of the potential role of market mechanisms in promoting the provision of watershed services for improving livelihoods in developing countries.” The work plan for China’s diagnostic study was developed at a preparatory workshop held in Beijing on May 10, 2004, which was attended by principal project partners and other stakeholders. China’s context of payment for environmental services (PES) was reviewed in the workshop. It was agreed that different and complex PES schemes exist in China, which are either initiated by the central government or by local communities. The outputs and the activities for the diagnostic study were developed in the workshop. The diagnostic study has been formulated with four broad outputs with the long-term vision of transforming payments for environmental services from state control to markets. These outputs are: • review of macro-economic policy and legislation that impact on PES, • five case studies that will improve the understanding of market or decentralized projects payments for environmental services, • feasibility studies for further options from selected case studies, and • dissemination of information through seminars, workshops and exchange visits for selected stakeholders. The College of Humanities and Development (COHD) of China Agricultural University (CAU) will coordinate the project implementation together with other partners, including the Institute of Agricultural Economics (IAE), the World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) and the Research Center for Ecological and Environmental Economics (RCEEE). -
MONOGRAPH SERIES Q Società Scientifica Ludovico Quaroni Wu Liangyong
L’ARCHITETTURA DELLE CITTÀ MONOGRAPH SERIES Q Società Scientifica Ludovico Quaroni Wu Liangyong INTEGRATED ARCHITECTURE Foreword by Lucio Valerio Barbera Translations by Anna Irene Del Monaco, Liu Jian, Ying Jin George Michael Riddel, Roberta Tontini Afterword by Anna Irene Del Monaco L’ARCHITETTURA DELLE CITTÀ MONOGRAPHQ SERIES #1 Società Scientifica Ludovico Quaroni EDIZIONI NUOVA CULTURA L’ARCHITETTURA DELLE CITTÀ QMONOGRAPH SERIES #1 Società Scientifica Ludovico Quaroni L’ADC L’architettura delle città. Monograph Series The Journal of Scientific Society Ludovico Quaroni direttore scientifico | managing editor Lucio Valerio Barbera, University of Rome Sapienza comitato scientifico-editoriale| editorial-scientific board Maria Angelini, University of Pescara Luisa Anversa, Sapienza University of Rome Lucio Valerio Barbera, University of Rome Sapienza Yung Ho Chang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT, Boston Jean-Louis Cohen, New York University NYU, New York Mario Guido Cusmano, University of Florence Stanley Ira Halley, Catholic University of Washington DC Roberto Maestro, University of Florence Paolo Melis, Sapienza University of Rome Ludovico Micara, University of Pescara Giorgio Muratore, Sapienza University of Rome Attilio Petruccioli, Polytechnic of Bari Richard Plunz, Columbia University in the City of New York Vieri Quilici, University of Roma Tre Daniel Sherer, Columbia University in the City of New York / Yale University Daniel Solomon, University of California UCB, Berkeley Paolo Tombesi, University of Melbourne comitato -
P020110307527551165137.Pdf
CONTENT 1.MESSAGE FROM DIRECTOR …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 03 2.ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 05 3.HIGHLIGHTS OF ACHIEVEMENTS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 06 Coexistence of Conserve and Research----“The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species ” services biodiversity protection and socio-economic development ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 06 The Structure, Activity and New Drug Pre-Clinical Research of Monoterpene Indole Alkaloids ………………………………………… 09 Anti-Cancer Constituents in the Herb Medicine-Shengma (Cimicifuga L) ……………………………………………………………………………… 10 Floristic Study on the Seed Plants of Yaoshan Mountain in Northeast Yunnan …………………………………………………………………… 11 Higher Fungi Resources and Chemical Composition in Alpine and Sub-alpine Regions in Southwest China ……………………… 12 Research Progress on Natural Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Inhibitors…………………………………………………………………………………… 13 Predicting Global Change through Reconstruction Research of Paleoclimate………………………………………………………………………… 14 Chemical Composition of a traditional Chinese medicine-Swertia mileensis……………………………………………………………………………… 15 Mountain Ecosystem Research has Made New Progress ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16 Plant Cyclic Peptide has Made Important Progress ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17 Progresses in Computational Chemistry Research ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18 New Progress in the Total Synthesis of Natural Products ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… -
Empty Cloud, the Autobiography of the Chinese Zen Master Xu
EMPTY CLOUD The Autobiography of the Chinese Zen Master XU YUN TRANSLATED BY CHARLES LUK Revised and Edited by Richard Hunn The Timeless Mind . Undated picture of Xu-yun. Empty Cloud 2 CONTENTS Contents .......................................................................................... 3 Acknowledgements ......................................................................... 4 Introduction .................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER ONE: Early Years ............................................................ 20 CHAPTER TWO: Pilgrimage to Mount Wu-Tai .............................. 35 CHAPTER THREE: The Journey West ............................................. 51 CHAPTER FOUR: Enlightenment and Atonement ......................... 63 CHAPTER FIVE: Interrupted Seclusion .......................................... 75 CHAPTER SIX: Taking the Tripitaka to Ji Zu Shan .......................... 94 CHAPTER SEVEN: Family News ................................................... 113 CHAPTER EIGHT: The Peacemaker .............................................. 122 CHAPTER NINE: The Jade Buddha ............................................... 130 CHAPTER TEN: Abbot At Yun-Xi and Gu-Shan............................. 146 CHAPTER ELEVEN: Nan-Hua Monastery ..................................... 161 CHAPTER TWELVE: Yun-Men Monastery .................................... 180 CHAPTER THIRTEEN: Two Discourses ......................................... 197 CHAPTER FOURTEEN: At the Yo Fo & Zhen Ru Monasteries -
The Legacy of Tiananmen: 20 Years of Oppression, Activism and Hope Chrd
THE LEGACY OF TIANANMEN: 20 YEARS OF OPPRESSION, ACTIVISM AND HOPE CHRD Chinese Human Rights Defenders (CHRD) Web: Hhttp://crd-net.org/H Email: [email protected] THE LEGACY OF TIANANMEN: 20 YEARS OF OPPRESSION, ACTIVISM AND HOPE Chinese Human Rights Defenders June 1, 2009 Twenty years since the Tiananmen massacre, the Chinese government refuses to accept responsibility, much less apologize or offer compensation, for killing, injuring, imprisoning and persecuting individuals for participating in peaceful protests. The number of the victims, and their names and identities, remain unknown. Families continue to be barred from publicly commemorating and seeking accountability for the death of their loved ones. Activists are persecuted and harassed for independently investigating the crackdown or for calling for a rectification of the government’s verdict on the pro‐democracy movement. Many individuals continue to suffer the consequences of participating in the pro‐democracy movement today. At least eight individuals remain imprisoned in Beijing following unfair trials in which they were convicted of committing “violent crimes”. Those who were released after long sentences have had difficulty re‐integrating into society as they suffer from continued police harassment as well as illnesses and injuries resulting from torture, beatings and mistreatment while in prison. Many of those injured have had to pay for their own medical expenses and continue to struggle as the physical and psychological scars leave them unable to take care of themselves or to work. Some who took part in the protests still find it difficult to make ends meet after they were dismissed from comfortable jobs or expelled from universities after 1989.