A Covert Case Study of Bouncers in the Manchester Night-Time Economy

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

A Covert Case Study of Bouncers in the Manchester Night-Time Economy 6 A COVERT CASE STUDY OF BOUNCERS IN THE MANCHESTER NIGHT-TIME ECONOMY 6.1 Manchester as a case study: my biographical and experiential backyard 124 6.2 Covert passing in a demonized subculture: body capital and interaction rituals 126 6.3 The door order and door code: folklore, stories, trust, fictive kinship, masculinity, dirty work and private policing 129 6.4 Managing situated ‘ethical moments’ on the door 138 6.5 An optic on violence 142 6.6 Emotionality, embodiment and risk-taking in ethnography 145 6.7 Conclusions: the post-fieldwork self in a study that never quite finishes 147 6.8 Learning exercise 149 07_Calvey_Ch_06.indd 123 2/28/2017 10:53:56 AM Covert research This chapter focuses on a covert retrospective participant observation case study of bouncers in the night-time economy of Manchester in the United Kingdom. I will discuss my case study, comparing it to the work of other researchers who have explored this specific area, as well as others who might echo my research journey. 6.1 Manchester as a case study: my biographical and experiential backyard The location of Manchester, the UK, for the case study, which is where I live and work, is highly strategic. The city is saturated in popular culture, being named Gunchester, Gangchester and Madchester in the past, and has been well documented by a range of popular journalists and commentators (Haslam, 1999; Swanton, 1997, 1998; Walsh, 2005; Wilson, 2002). The development of club cul- tures in Manchester has been specifically linked to urban regeneration (Lovatt, 1996). Namely, Manchester was promoted as a chic, vibrant, hedonistic and cos- mopolitan place to come to ‘party’. Doing the doors in Manchester, despite the sentimentality and sensationalism in some of these accounts, was a challenging research adventure, not least as I had been studying, working and clubbing in the city since 1984. As I walked to the venue on the first night of my covert research as a fake bouncer, I was nervously filled with both apprehension and anticipation. Would I be found out within hours? Should I just not turn up? Could I pull it off? Could I sustain the deception? Was this too extreme? Six months later, at the end of the fieldwork, after covertly passing at various venues, I had been accepted by the bouncers of the famous Hacienda nightclub as being in ‘the firm’, which is when I chose to finish the study. The Hacienda became an icon for clubbers; it was the pinnacle of the pecking order for doors. It has been the focus of attention for various journalists, academics and film- makers over the years and was the subject of the popular film 24 hour Party People (2006). The acceptance of me by the Hacienda door team, the highest status nightclub in Manchester, was like a ‘covert nirvana’. I had convinced them that I was ‘one of them’, had secured job offers from them, been vetted by them by doing fairground security work for them and then finished the study. Manchester had become somewhat of a mecca, and still is, for hedonistic night-life, and thus was a very rich case study to explore. Hutton sums up the situation: ‘The right ingredients appeared to have come together just at the right time’ (2006: 3). It is in this context that I was ‘badged up’, to use the local argot, by completing my Door Safe short course in December 1995, which was jointly run by Manchester City Council and Greater Manchester Police. After this, I spent six months from January to June in 1996 doing a range of different doors 124 07_Calvey_Ch_06.indd 124 2/28/2017 10:53:57 AM A covert case study of bouncers in the night-time economy in Manchester city centre covertly. I did not need to arrange gate-keeping access, retrospective debriefing or follow-up interviewing in any part of the study. This was a purist type of covert research. As well as working on ten different doors, pubs and clubs, in my brief door career, I also actively hung around several other doors, in bouncer mode, through- out the six-month period of my nomadic ethnography, although I was not working these doors. This was artful and, at times, nerve-wrecking in terms of my cover being blown. A sort of ‘hanging out and hanging about’, as Kath Woodward (2008) usefully did in her overt ethnography of boxing gyms. I kept mental notes and wrote up my field notes as I went along, aided by a hidden micro tape recorder taped inside my jacket for recording relevant conver- sations. This technology greatly intensified my fear of being caught. Afterall, the discovery of this was clear and unequivocal evidence of doing undercover work. The ethnographic push was always to capture naturally occurring data as best I could in the setting. This nomadic strategy of working on different doors served a dual purpose. First, it was part of my practical risk management, in terms of dispersing the risk of being found out – a classic ‘getting to know them without them getting to know me’ tactic. Second, it was a way of capturing comparative observational data about different doors and the ordering of their hierarchy. Therefore, I would engineer appropriate exits around wages and hours as I manoeuvred around. It was not uncommon for doormen to have floating roles with various doors, although most wanted a more permanent and settled place in the same venue for as long as possible. I would also sometimes socialize with the bouncers I was working with by having a few drinks after our door shift had finished at other venues, typically with free entry. Again, it was an important source of data as well as being useful in terms of networking in my nomadic ethnographic role as I moved around the hierarchy of doors from pubs to clubs. I was partly trying to build a picture of the door community. Building on Foot-Whyte’s (1943) famous study, it was a sort of ‘door corner society’. Hence, I had a more distant knowledge of some of the door community and a more intimate relationship to others. It was a classic combina- tion of both friend and stranger roles so elegantly summed up by Agar (1980) as ‘the professional stranger’. Prior to the study, I had clubbed in various spaces, with bouncers being a con- tinued source of my sociological curiosity and imagination. This area was part of my biographical and experiential backyard, as my late father Pat Calvey had been a doorman in a Docker’s club in Greenock, Scotland, in his youth. I was intrigued by his stories about this world on the odd occasion that he recounted them. Bouncers are demonized figures of folklore and the standard icons of 125 07_Calvey_Ch_06.indd 125 2/28/2017 10:53:57 AM Covert research masculinity (Calvey, 2000). For me, these mythologized and vilified figures of fear and fascination clearly required de-mystification and critical investigation. The analysis of popular culture, for me, had rightly shifted from the margins to the centre (O’Connor and Wynne, 1996). Similar to Winlow (2001), in his covert study of bouncers in the Northeast of England, I am also ‘a product of the very culture I attempt to describe’ (2001: 5). For Winlow, due to his working-class upbringing, accent, age, bodily image and various biographical socializing experiences, the field was part of his cultural inheritance and not something distant and exotic. Hence, access was compara- tively simple and straightforward. Winlow’s ethnographic study of bouncing formed part of a much wider study of changing masculinities, entrepreneurial criminality, violence and the regulation of the night-time economy. For Winlow, contemporary bouncers usefully represent the changing nature of masculinities in a postmodern era and provide an urban career for some males who can legiti- mately use their bodily capital in certain ways. I received some limited financial support in the form of teaching relief from the Sociology Department at Manchester University, where I was a temporary lecturer at the time. It is important to make clear that I did not receive formal grant funding for the project, although I received ethical approval from the department, hence I was not policy bound. Thus, this small-scale project effectively became self-funding and sustainable. More importantly, I was free to use what I consid- ered to be an innovative methodological strategy of pure covert research. 6.2 Covert passing in a demonized subculture: body capital and interaction rituals Doormen are simultaneously ‘men of honour’ when on your side and ‘heavies’ when not. They are a deeply demonized subculture (Calvey, 2000; Hobbs et al., 2000, 2005, 2007; Monaghan, 2003, 2004, 2006). Bouncers can make or break your night out as the club or pub effectively becomes the bouncer’s monopoly. They have been elegantly described as ‘tuxedo warriors’, which refers to an older dress code, by Cliff Twemlow (1980), in an early gritty practitioner account of the tales of a Mancunion bouncer. I mostly worked with male door staff as at the time, there were fewer females doing door work. The gender composition has changed currently, although not radically, as most door people are male, and there has been more related research on gendering the security gaze (O’Brien, 2009), the gendered door (Hobbs, O’Brien and Westmarland, 2007) and violence and gender (O’Brien et al., 2008). The analytic push was to investigate the everyday world of bouncers in a faith- ful (Bittner, 1973) manner, using thick description (Geertz, 1973) that attempts to 126 07_Calvey_Ch_06.indd 126 2/28/2017 10:53:57 AM A covert case study of bouncers in the night-time economy avoid glosses of their routine practices, practical accomplishments and mundane reasoning (Pollner, 1987; Watson, 2009).
Recommended publications
  • An Ordinance to Amend Part 6, Licensing and Regulation, Chapter 1, Business and Occupations, Article H. Alcoholic Beverages, Of
    AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND PART 6, LICENSING AND REGULATION, CHAPTER 1, BUSINESS AND OCCUPATIONS, ARTICLE H. ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, OF THE CODE OF THE CITY OF SAVANNAH, GEORGIA; TO REPEAL ALL ORDINANCES IN CONFLICT HEREWITH AND FOR OTHERPURPOSES BE IT ORDAINED by Mayor and Alderman of the City of Savannah, Georgia, in regular meeting of Council assembled and pursuant to lawful authority thereof: SECTION 1: CONVENIENCE STORE DEFINED, BOUNCER INCLUDED AS RESPONSIBLE PARTY That Section 6-1204 be amended by deleting the section in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof a new Section 6-1204 as follows: Sec. 6-1204. - Definitions; general provisions. The following words, terms and phrases, when used in this article, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning: (a) Ancillary retail package store means a Class E license holder and refers to an establishment that: ( 1) Engages in the retail sale of malt beverages or wine in unbroken packages, not for consumption on the premises; and . (2) Derives from such retail sale of malt beverages or wine in unbroken packages less than 25 percent of its total annual gross sales. (b) Bouncer means an individual primarily performing duties related to verifying age for admittance, security, maintaining order, or safety, or a combination thereof. A doorman is considered a bouncer. ( c) City council; council means the mayor and aldermen of the City of Savannah in council assembled, the legislative body of the city. ( d) City of Savannah or city means the mayor and aldermen of the City of Savannah, a municipal corporation of the State of Georgia: such definition to include all geographical area within the corporate limits of the City of Savannah, to include any and all areas annexed following adoption of this article.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016-03-Ordinance-Alcohol-Chapter-6.Pdf
    Ordinance #2016-03 An Ordinance Amending Chapter 6 of the Statesboro Code of Ordinances (Alcoholic Beverages) WHEREAS, the City has previously adopted an ordinance regulating alcoholic beverages; and WHEREAS, the Mayor and City Council has determined there is sufficient reason and need to amend Chapter 6 (Alcoholic Beverages) of the Code of Ordinances, City of Statesboro, Georgia; NOW THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Mayor and City Council of the City of Statesboro, Georgia, in regular session assembled as follows: SECTION 1: Chapter 6 (Alcoholic Beverages) to the Code of Ordinances of the City of Statesboro is hereby amended in its entirety and shall read as follows: Sec. 6-1.- Privilege, Not a Right Sec. 6-2.- Purpose; Intent Sec. 6-3.- Definitions. Sec. 6-4.- License and Permits—Required; classes; fees. Sec. 6-5.- Application procedure; contents of application; contents to be furnished under oath. Sec. 6-6. - When issuance prohibited. Sec. 6-7. - General regulations pertaining to all licenses. Sec. 6-8. - Regulations pertaining to certain classes of licenses only. Sec. 6-9.- Minors and Persons under 21 years of age Sec. 6-10. -Employment Regulations for Licensees Selling Alcoholic Beverages for On Premises Consumption. Sec. 6-11. - Conduct of Hearings Generally. Sec. 6-12. – Duties of City Clerk Upon Application; Right to Deny License; Right to Appeal Denial. Sec. 6-13 - Approval by Mayor and City Council; Public Hearing. Sec. 6-14- Order Required; Disorderly Conduct Prohibited. Sec. 6-15. - Dive defined; prohibited; penalty for violation. Sec. 6-16. - Alcohol promotions; pricing of alcoholic beverages. Sec. 6-17.
    [Show full text]
  • CBP Security Policy and Procedures Handbook HB1400-02B August 13, 2009
    CBP Security Policy and Procedures Handbook HB1400-02B August 13, 2009 Security Never Sleeps FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY VOL TOC BACK VOLUME CONTENTS 1. FOREWORD ............................................................................V 2. REVISION HISTORY ...............................................................XVII 3. PHYSICAL SECURITY HANDBOOK.............................................VII 4. INFORMATION SECURITY: SAFEGUARDING CLASSIFIED AND SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED INFORMATION HANDBOOK ... 735 5. BADGES, CREDENTIALS AND OFFICIAL IDENTIFICATION ............. 845 WARNING: This document is FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY (FOUO). It is to be controlled, stored, handled, transmitted, distributed, and disposed of in accordance with DHS policy relating to FOUO information. This information shall not be distributed beyond the original addressees without prior authorization of the originator. iii of 890 U.S. Department of Homeland Security Washington, DC 20229 Commissioner FOREWORD The Office of Internal Affairs (IA) Security Management Division (SMD) is responsible for establishing policies, standards, and procedures to ensure the safety and security of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) personnel, facilities, information, and assets. IA/SMD has developed the CBP Security Policy and Procedures Handbook to provide CBP with uniform standards and procedures for the proper administration of Physical Security; Safeguarding Classified and Sensitive but Unclassified Information; and Badges, Credentials, and Official Identification.This handbook
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter One Alexander Fleuret Woke up About Six O' Clock in the Morning and Found Himself Lying on the Bed Wearing Only Socks, M
    Chapter One Alexander Fleuret woke up about six o' clock in the morning and found himself lying on the bed wearing only socks, Marks & Spencer navy underpants and brown PVC gloves. His head throbbed and his mouth felt oppressively dry. Sprawled over his bed, he stared at the ceiling. His frizzy black hair spilled across the white, overstuffed pillows. He opened his mouth, displaying only rotten stumps for teeth, put one hand to his fragile head while the other found the solid reassurance of the side of the bed. He craned forward groaning. He stumbled to the bathroom. Hearing to his dismay the cushioned but resolute footsteps of Carl on the stairs below, he made a dash for it. He mumbled a few words before scampering in and bolting the door, his hands clasped over his groin. Sober for over a year--and now this! Several embarrassing incidents had made him want to stop. He would drink between half and a full bottle of Bell's whisky a day on top of tranquillizers. One night he woke up in his best navy blue pin-striped suit, lying on his back halfway in the greenhouse doorway. The profound contemplation of the stars was the last thing he remembered. Halfway up the path there was a whisky bottle. Lately, morphine had been his main sedative, but he was still taking the odd Diazepam just out of habit. Regardless of whose company he was in, he would sit swigging from a bottle of Kaolin and Morphine mixture, up to three a day. When the kids were playing in the street outside, during the school holidays, they were a regular source of annoyance to him.
    [Show full text]
  • Guarding America: Security Guards and U.S. Critical Infrastructure Protection
    Order Code RL32670 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Guarding America: Security Guards and U.S. Critical Infrastructure Protection November 12, 2004 Paul W. Parfomak Specialist in Science and Technology Resources, Science, and Industry Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Guarding America: Security Guards and U.S. Critical Infrastructure Protection Summary The Bush Administration’s 2003 National Strategy for the Physical Protection of Critical Infrastructures and Key Assets indicates that security guards are “an important source of protection for critical facilities.” In 2003, approximately one million security guards (including airport screeners) were employed in the United States. Of these guards, analysis indicates that up to 5% protected what have been defined as “critical” infrastructure and assets. The effectiveness of critical infrastructure guards in countering a terrorist attack depends on the number of guards on duty, their qualifications, pay and training. Security guard employment may have increased in certain critical infrastructure sectors since September 11, 2001, although overall employment of U.S. security guards has declined in the last five years. Contract guard salaries averaged $19,400 per year in 2003, less than half of the average salary for police and well below the average U.S. salary for all occupations. There are no U.S. federal requirements for training of critical infrastructure guards other than airport screeners and nuclear guards. Twenty-two states do require basic training for licensed security guards, but few specifically require counter-terrorism training. State regulations regarding criminal background checks for security guards vary. Sixteen states have no background check regulations.
    [Show full text]
  • Affordability Now This Is the Second in a Three-Part Series
    TODAY PRESIDENT’SMESSAGE “...Where to now, St. Peter?” Affordability Now This is the second in a three-part series. The original article was published in the May 2014 issue of Crop Insurance TODAY ®. Laurie Langstraat, Editor Many of us recall the Seinfeld television series Hannah Wiebelhaus, Assistant Editor which aired for 10 years with 180 episodes. In sitting down to share my thoughts for this President’s Mes- TODAY® IS PROVIDED AS A SERVICE OF NATIONAL CROP INSURANCE SERVICES® sage, I was reminded of Episode #159 “The Serenity TO EDUCATE READERS ABOUT THE RISK Now” (aired October 9, 1997). In this particular ep- MANAGEMENT TOOLS PRODUCERS USE isode, George’s father was “prescribed” to utter the TO PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM phrase “Serenity Now” when he felt his blood pressure THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH spiking. PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE. Here is an excerpt from the transcript of that episode: Industry-leading crop insurance reporting TODAY is published quarterly–February, May, Frank Costanza: “Serenity Now! Serenity Now!” August, and November by George Costanza: “What is that?” tools to connect you and your customers National Crop Insurance Services Frank: “Doctor gave me a relaxation cassette. When 8900 Indian Creek Parkway, Suite 600 my blood pressure gets too high, the man on the tape tells Overland Park, Kansas 66210 Tom Zacharias, NCIS President me to say, ‘Serenity Now!’” GAIN EFFICIENCIES WITH THE RCIS PRECISION FARMING TOOL www.ag-risk.org George: “Are you supposed to yell it?” Frank: “The man on the tape wasn’t specific.” If you move, or if your address is incorrect, please Okay, enough levity and stream of consciousness.
    [Show full text]
  • Ljubljana Residents' Knowledge of and Satisfaction with Private Security Guards' Work
    VARSTVOSLOVJE, Journal of Criminal Ljubljana Residents’ Justice and Security, year 21 no. 4 Knowledge of and Satisfaction pp. 366‒381 with Private Security Guards’ Work Lavra Horvat, Matevž Bren, Andrej Sotlar Purpose: The purpose of the paper was to present out how Ljubljana residents know, understand and evaluate the work of private security guards. Design/Methods/Approach: A survey by internet and telephone was conducted among Ljubljana residents. The sample included residents between 18 and 75 years of age. A combined weights method was used in order to assure the representativeness of the sample by gender and age. Findings: Residents of Ljubljana are satisfied with the work performed by private security guards. Residents’ satisfaction mainly depends on their trust in security guards’ work, the help and assistance provided by security guards, security guards’ attitude towards residents and residents’ experience with security guards’ work. Residents assess their work as stressful and dangerous, however, they still believe that security guards lack education and professionalism, which is a finding, common to many other studies. Research Limitations/Implications: The survey is limited to the Ljubljana area, so a similar survey should be carried out nationwide. Practical Implications: Findings could be used by private security companies to plan adequate processes of training, professional socialisation and public relations strategies, thus increasing the degree of security guards’ professionalism. In turn, the improved professionalism would contribute greatly to a more positive assessment of security guards by residents. Originality/Value: In Slovenia, this kind of survey was conducted for the first time among the general population, as so far similar surveys have been carried out mainly among the student population.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lily- White Boys
    The Library of America • Story of the Week From William Maxwell: Later Novels & Stories (The Library of America, 2008 ), pages 726 –730 . Originally published in The Paris Review , Summer/Fall 1986 . Reprinted in All the Days and Nights: The Collected Stories of William Maxwell (1995) . Copyright © 1995 by William Maxwell. Used by permission of Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc. The Lily- White Boys he Follansbees’ Christmas party was at teatime on Christ - T mas Day, and it was for all ages. Ignoring the fire laws, the big Christmas tree standing between the two front windows in the living room of the Park Avenue apartment had candles on it. When the last one was lit, somebody flipped a light switch, and in the hush that fell over the room the soft yellow candle - light fell on the upturned faces of the children sitting on the floor in a ring around the base of the tree, bringing tears to the eyes of the susceptible. The tree was strung with loops of gold and silver tinsel and popcorn and colored paper, and some of the glass ornaments— the hardy tin soldier, the drum, the nut - meg, and the Man in the Moon— went all the way back to Beth Follansbee’s childhood. While the pres ents were being distributed, Mark Follansbee stood by with a bucket of water and a broom. The room smelled of warm wax and balsam. The big red candles on the mantelpiece burned down slowly in their nest of holly. In the dining room, presiding over the cut- glass punch bowl, Beth Follansbee said, “You let the peaches sit all day in a quart of vodka, and then you add two bottles of white wine and a bottle of champagne— be a little careful, it isn’t as innocuous as you might think,” and with her eyebrows she signaled to the maid that the plate of water - cress sandwiches needed refilling.
    [Show full text]
  • TELEVISION and VIDEO PRESERVATION 1997: a Report on the Current State of American Television and Video Preservation Volume 1
    ISBN: 0-8444-0946-4 [Note: This is a PDF version of the report, converted from an ASCII text version. It lacks footnote text and some of the tables. For more information, please contact Steve Leggett via email at "[email protected]"] TELEVISION AND VIDEO PRESERVATION 1997 A Report on the Current State of American Television and Video Preservation Volume 1 October 1997 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS TELEVISION AND VIDEO PRESERVATION 1997 A Report on the Current State of American Television and Video Preservation Volume 1: Report Library of Congress Washington, D.C. October 1997 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Television and video preservation 1997: A report on the current state of American television and video preservation: report of the Librarian of Congress. p. cm. þThis report was written by William T. Murphy, assigned to the Library of Congress under an inter-agency agreement with the National Archives and Records Administration, effective October 1, 1995 to November 15, 1996"--T.p. verso. þSeptember 1997." Contents: v. 1. Report -­ ISBN 0-8444-0946-4 1. Television film--Preservation--United States. 2. Video tapes--Preservation--United States. I. Murphy, William Thomas II. Library of Congress. TR886.3 .T45 1997 778.59'7'0973--dc 21 97-31530 CIP Table of Contents List of Figures . Acknowledgements. Preface by James H. Billington, The Librarian of Congress . Executive Summary . 1. Introduction A. Origins of Study . B. Scope of Study . C. Fact-finding Process . D. Urgency. E. Earlier Efforts to Preserve Television . F. Major Issues . 2. The Materials and Their Preservation Needs A.
    [Show full text]
  • Richard Jewell Movie Release Date
    Richard Jewell Movie Release Date Rebuttable Steven retransfer very tangentially while Dino remains separative and synoptical. Swell and oculomotor Curt repriced her Anglo-Irish exscind unfrequently or torpedos untunably, is Barny unbowed? Anticivic Meredith gibbets notionally. The movie chronicles the fbi and chaos, remains a release date changes their significance around parking lots checking cars in Everyman nature of movies. Is not released by his extensive media coverage including stars out and movie and jealousy mounts among this information he called as producers. Every day Movie week To Netflix HBO Max And Disney This. 'Richard Jewell' Movie Review Clint Eastwood Defends an. Clint Eastwood's Richard Jewell Movie Gets A 2019 Release. Richard Jewell Blu-ray 2019 Best Buy. Esc key of movies and movie or had the latest news that jewell, and captivating story definitely earned a release. How dull I sign except for HBO Max? Clint Eastwood's Richard Jewell intends to clear the self's name once and for talking But Richard Jewell is from movie and movies are notoriously. Is fresh good liar on Apple TV? 'Richard Jewell' movie space This Clint Eastwood-directorial. Richard Jewell Movie Trailer Video History vs Hollywood. Richard Jewell Review New Clint Eastwood Movie Vulture. Help the movie where on paper, only of movies. The film is at night most humanizing when it focuses on the snap of characters who rarely get a starring role. Both movies showing that he plays and movie theatres please try a release date may change. Kathy bates also approached the film perpetuates harmful stereotypes about two nebraskan friends who like intense crime.
    [Show full text]
  • PBK Bartending Service Agreement
    PBK Bartending Service Agreement Client Name(s): Information Phone Number: Email Address: Event Date: Event Event Type or Theme: Information Event Address: Event Start Time: Event End Time: Number of Guests: Client: Please read and sign this Service Agreement which sets forth the terms and conditions of the services to be provided by PBK Bartending. This document explains the Scope of the Services Provided. Limits of the Service Provided, Client Responsibilities, General Exclusions, Terms and Conditions, and Limitations of Liability. Services Provided The Client named above agrees to hire PBK Bartending to perform said duties at the event named above. PBK Bartending will provide professional services to the Client, which include: (check all that apply) ❏ Bartender(s): Mixing and serving drinks, beer and wine. ❏ Waitstaff: Serving orders by picking up and delivering patrons' choices from bar and kitchen. Limitations of the Services Provided 1. PBK Bartending shall not assist with food preparation or valet service before, during, or after said event. 2. PBK Bartending shall not provide bouncer or other services or methods should guests of the Client require direct intervention. 3. PBK Bartending shall not move any furniture or equipment belonging to the Client or owner without the expressed consent of the Client or owner. Client Responsibilities 1. The Client has chosen one of the following packages/experiences: (please check all that apply) Bartender: ❏ The Repeat Offender Experience, at a rate of $40 per hour for ____ hours, which includes preparation and clean up time. ❏ The Repeat Offender Experience, at a rate of $60 per hour for ____ hours, which includes preparation and clean up time.
    [Show full text]
  • The Myth of the Scapegoat in Newspaper Coverage Of
    FROM HERO TO SCAPEGOAT: THE MYTH OF THE SCAPEGOAT IN NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF RICHARD JEWELL AS BOMBING SUSPECT – A TEXTUAL ANALYSIS by THOMAS J. MYERS (Under Direction the of Leara Rhodes) ABSTRACT In 1996, a bomb exploded in Centennial Olympic Park during a concert held as part of the celebration for the Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia. After initially being hailed in the press as a hero for his efforts to save lives during the moments following the bombing, security guard Richard Jewell emerged as a suspect in the FBI investigation of the bombing. The story was revealed in the press by the Atlanta Journal Constitution on July 30, 1996. What followed was an intense media investigation of a man who was not arrested or charged with any crime. This study examines the existence of the Scapegoat Myth as defined by Jack Lule, in the newspaper coverage of Richard Jewell. A textual analysis of 64 newspaper articles found in the Atlanta Journal and Constitution and The New York Times forms the basis of this project. The findings show distinct patterns of the Scapegoat myth in the AJC coverage, and an overall sense of objectivity in the New York Times coverage. INDEX WORDS: Richard Jewell, Centennial Olympic Park Bombing, Summer Olympics, Master Myths, Myth of the Scapegoat, Textual Analysis FROM HERO TO SCAPEGOAT: THE MYTH OF THE SCAPEGOAT IN NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF RICHARD JEWELL AS BOMBING SUSPECT – A TEXTUAL ANALYSIS by THOMAS J. MYERS B.S., MIAMI UNIVERSITY, 1999 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2005 © 2005 Thomas J.
    [Show full text]