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R B H B G G A H T R F I S N S R P E I T X A D K B Z C U U S R J H D R N Q I I M I Z P P O U M P G C X O L A Q A M H Q W U T N I M I L L J W B L O V T I X T T D R L L K S R I V H V R D Q S L C N A A P O H F H X E T F E R E L Y T W R N V A C U H N C G S G N I T C E P S O R P A Q G A R L L L W I E S E G L U O N P J I Z A W T F C M L V Q V R G E D A I D N J J E N R N V Y C Z G Y F U B E N D I G O A A M U G I A F G J E N H X V E P M L Q W K W V N Q W Z S T E A C D N V W L K N Q O Y G H R J A U A O K G C W I O L M S I W E X N U H O H S I X C Z U Y P A N Y I R M N G S N X X N M G V F E L P U Q P G T N C O O R S P N R M E P E S Y J E G Q I I Q M L W J R J Q B W I N T R O L G I N B M Z G B W G O O H F M H A Y T N P B Q P G Z O X O M U Q N A S B P W H S S K L H Z M R V M S Z S H F L T T F B B L I L G Y M F G W Y H W A D Z X C I C C O T G R Q E U O S H Y D C O G H Z I X S B I H I V G D G R K X R V K E Q N R T M O R U E I B R P R F U M P D N F W U C C L I J W Y E M T K N F N A R L K K W A Q T Q N T L N S Z G U N K S R U M F U O I C S K M C Y A Y W P Q W I Z M H M G D L P E S L Y X W N F E Q L N O R I P O L V U I Q C E V S Y V W N D K J A V F E R M U E R M I N E R S D E R C R D B V E Z X V F C Z R C P B S R B D O Q T A I L I N G R Z G E L I W Y E O G V O T U I A W G E S F F C T T Y C Z L A R J P N I M G A J L J Y Z U D R L B N H J Y U K D N H A Z I M G O H S L B F E P J Z X S I I O J B A O M R S T G L Q V E G R S D E S G E N C U Z H T J B W T P F F O R W V T D J T N W J I G P R Q R U U J R Q G G H B E S T W L U P X P T W I F T E T C O C Q E E S G G U A K C Q O U I Z C A D Y C L G U O D F D Q T O Z W Q H Y Z V M H H A T D D H N J J J C G T R I D Y A P S Y A N N E T F F B N Y B Z V Y M O T N B I H O J X R N I V Q U K F X V V O C U R D O J J T U V W Z D B D R P G Q K E U S K V C V T R

ALLUVIAL BEDROCK CASTLEMAINE CLAIM CRUSHER DEPOSIT DIGGING DISCOVERY DREDGE EXCAVATION FORTUNE GOLD HISTORICAL LUCK MALDON MARYBOROUGH MILL MINERS MINING NUGGET ORE OUNCE PANNING PAYDIRT QUARTZ REEF SHAFT SLUICE STOPE STRIKE TAILING VEIN

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GOLD RUSH VOCABULARY

Alluvial - Gold deposited through water movement is called alluvial gold.

Ballarat - Significant gold rush era boomtown, yielded high amounts of gold for many decades. Eureka Stockade armed rebellion occurred in Ballarat in 1854.

Bedrock - Solid rock underlying loose deposits such as sand or soil.

Bendigo - Gold was discovered in the area in September 1851. The boomtown grew rapidly from a tent city into a major urban centre with many grand public buildings.

Castlemaine - Former gold mining town. Years after prosperous mining days passed, Castlemaine established itself as a town with a thriving agricultural, tourism and arts industry.

Claim - A piece of land with high valuable mineral content which has been claimed by a miner who has obtained legal permission to occupy and mine the land.

Crusher - A machine that grinds or pounds rock to break it up and release the gold trapped inside.

Deposit - A layer of a mineral that is left in soil or rocks through natural process.

Digging - Gold diggings – a region where digging or seeking for gold is carried on.

Discovery - When a prospector finds gold.

Dredge - Machine that extracts gold from sand, gravel and dirt using water and mechanical methods.

Excavation - To expose or lay bare by or as if by digging.

Fortune - Great wealth or assets.

Gold - A yellow precious metal, the chemical element of atomic number 79, used in jewellery and decoration and to guarantee the value of currencies.

Historical - Of or concerning history or past events. Belonging to the past.

Luck - Success or failure apparently brought by chance rather than through one’s own actions.

Maldon - Gold rush town. First place in Australia to use an air powered rock drill, imported by the Mount Tarrengower Tunnelling Company in 1867.

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Maryborough - A former gold mining town, the last mine in Maryborough closed in 1918. In 1924 the Maryborough Knitting Mills opened, establishing the town as a centre for the wool industry.

Mill - A machine that grinds or pounds rock to break it up and release the gold trapped inside.

Miners - People mining for gold.

Mining - The process or industry of obtaining minerals or coal from the ground.

Nugget - A naturally occurring piece of gold.

Ore - A naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be extracted.

Ounce - A unit of weight equal to 28.35 grams (1/16 pound).

Panning - Use of a gold pan to extract gold from fine deposits. One of the simplest methods of extracting gold.

Paydirt - Ground containing enough ore to be extracted profitably.

Prospecting - The act of searching for new gold deposits.

Quartz - A hard mineral consisting of silica, found widely in igneous and metamorphic rocks and typically occurring as colourless or white hexagonal prisms.

Reef - A vein of ore in the earth.

Shaft - A deep, narrow, vertical hole that gives access to a mine.

Sluice - Long sloping trough with grooves (riffles) on the bottom, into which water is directed to separate gold from gravel or sand.

Stope - A step-like excavation made in a mine to extract ore.

Strike - Discover gold while mining.

Tailing - Materials left over after the process of separating the gold from the rock.

Vein - A distinct sheet-like body of crystallized minerals within a rock.

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