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1502-1629 THOUGH It Did Not Take Place Until Fifteen Years Later, the Discovery of St
CHAPTER I 1502-1629 THOUGH it did not take place until fifteen years later, the discovery of St. Helena became inevitable AL when the Portuguese navigator, Bartholomew de Diaz, rounded the Cape of Good Hope in 1487. For many years the Portuguese, the greatest race of sailors who ever ventured into uncharted seas, excluded from the Mediterranean, had gradually explored farther and farther along the mysterious unmapped western coast of Africa. Ten years after the epoch-making discovery of Diaz and after Columbus and Cabot had opened up the Atlantic to the races of the West and North of Europe, the King of Portugal, Emmanuel the Fortunate, sent out a fleet under the command of Vasco da Gama with orders to sail beyond the Cape of Good Hope in search of a direct sea route to India and thus tap the wealth of the East. Hitherto for centuries all trade between Europe and the East had been carried overland across Arabia, and by ship along the Mediterranean, and had been in the hands of the Italian cities of Venice and Genoa. Da Gama achieved his ambition, and arrived at Calicut, on the west coast of the Indian Peninsula, and from that day the Mediterranean, which for centuries had been the centre of civilization, began to decline. The Portuguese lost no time in building forts and setting up trading posts along the west coast of India, but their principal one was at Calicut. I 5 021 ST. HELENA ST. HELENA [1502 It is not to be wondered at that the "Moors" or Arabs who by some strange fluke of fortune, is still existing and to be for centuries had held the monopoly of the trade between found in considerable numbers. -
Master Narrative Ours Is the Epic Story of the Royal Navy, Its Impact on Britain and the World from Its Origins in 625 A.D
NMRN Master Narrative Ours is the epic story of the Royal Navy, its impact on Britain and the world from its origins in 625 A.D. to the present day. We will tell this emotionally-coloured and nuanced story, one of triumph and achievement as well as failure and muddle, through four key themes:- People. We tell the story of the Royal Navy’s people. We examine the qualities that distinguish people serving at sea: courage, loyalty and sacrifice but also incidents of ignorance, cruelty and cowardice. We trace the changes from the amateur ‘soldiers at sea’, through the professionalization of officers and then ships’ companies, onto the ‘citizen sailors’ who fought the World Wars and finally to today’s small, elite force of men and women. We highlight the change as people are rewarded in war with personal profit and prize money but then dispensed with in peace, to the different kind of recognition given to salaried public servants. Increasingly the people’s story becomes one of highly trained specialists, often serving in branches with strong corporate identities: the Royal Marines, the Submarine Service and the Fleet Air Arm. We will examine these identities and the Royal Navy’s unique camaraderie, characterised by simultaneous loyalties to ship, trade, branch, service and comrades. Purpose. We tell the story of the Royal Navy’s roles in the past, and explain its purpose today. Using examples of what the service did and continues to do, we show how for centuries it was the pre-eminent agent of first the British Crown and then of state policy throughout the world. -
Crown Copyright Catalogue Reference
(c) crown copyright Catalogue Reference:cab/66/9/30 Image Reference:0001 THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF HIS BRITANNIC MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT SECRET. Copy,No. 26 W.P. (40) 250 (Also Paper No. C.O.S. (40) 534) July 5, 1940 TO BE KEPT UNDER LOCK It is requested that special care mai be ta&en to ensure the secrecy of this document T" o, 44) of the from 12 noon June 27th to 12 noon July 4th, [Circulated with the approval of the Chiefs of Staff.] Cabinet War Room. NAYAL SITUATION. General Review. THE outstanding event in the Naval Situation during the past week has been the action taken to prevent the French Fleet falling into enemy hands. At least 4 Italian submarines and one destroyer have been sunk in the Mediterranean. There has been a considerable reduction in the number of German U-boats on patrol. French Fleet. 2. The French failure to comply with their undertaking to prevent their fleet falling into the hands of our enemies as a result of the armistice necessitated action by us to that end on the 3rd July, on which, date the disposition of the principal French naval forces was as shown in Appendix IV. All vessels in British ports were seized. At Plymouth the seizure was effected without incident except for the submarine Surcouf, where 2 British officers were seriously wounded and 1 rating killed and 1 wounded. One French officer was also killed and 1 wounded. At Portsmouth a leaflet raid was carried out on the French ships for the crews' information and the ships successfully seized. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses Battleships and Dividends: The Rise of Private Armaments Firms in Great Britain and Italy, c. 1860-1914 MARCHISIO, GIULIO How to cite: MARCHISIO, GIULIO (2012) Battleships and Dividends: The Rise of Private Armaments Firms in Great Britain and Italy, c. 1860-1914, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7323/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Battleships and Dividends: The Rise of Private Armaments Firms in Great Britain and Italy, c. 1860-1914 Giulio Marchisio This thesis analyses the rise of private armaments firms in Great Britain and in Italy from mid-19th century to the outbreak of the First World War, with a focus on naval armaments and military shipbuilding. During this period, the armaments industry underwent a radical transformation, moving from being based on public-owned arsenals and yards to being based on private firms – the system of military procurement prevalent today. -
1 Introduction
Notes 1 Introduction 1. Donald Macintyre, Narvik (London: Evans, 1959), p. 15. 2. See Olav Riste, The Neutral Ally: Norway’s Relations with Belligerent Powers in the First World War (London: Allen and Unwin, 1965). 3. Reflections of the C-in-C Navy on the Outbreak of War, 3 September 1939, The Fuehrer Conferences on Naval Affairs, 1939–45 (Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1990), pp. 37–38. 4. Report of the C-in-C Navy to the Fuehrer, 10 October 1939, in ibid. p. 47. 5. Report of the C-in-C Navy to the Fuehrer, 8 December 1939, Minutes of a Conference with Herr Hauglin and Herr Quisling on 11 December 1939 and Report of the C-in-C Navy, 12 December 1939 in ibid. pp. 63–67. 6. MGFA, Nichols Bohemia, n 172/14, H. W. Schmidt to Admiral Bohemia, 31 January 1955 cited by Francois Kersaudy, Norway, 1940 (London: Arrow, 1990), p. 42. 7. See Andrew Lambert, ‘Seapower 1939–40: Churchill and the Strategic Origins of the Battle of the Atlantic, Journal of Strategic Studies, vol. 17, no. 1 (1994), pp. 86–108. 8. For the importance of Swedish iron ore see Thomas Munch-Petersen, The Strategy of Phoney War (Stockholm: Militärhistoriska Förlaget, 1981). 9. Churchill, The Second World War, I, p. 463. 10. See Richard Wiggan, Hunt the Altmark (London: Hale, 1982). 11. TMI, Tome XV, Déposition de l’amiral Raeder, 17 May 1946 cited by Kersaudy, p. 44. 12. Kersaudy, p. 81. 13. Johannes Andenæs, Olav Riste and Magne Skodvin, Norway and the Second World War (Oslo: Aschehoug, 1966), p. -
Eighty Years Since the Tragic Sinking of HMS Glorious
52 I MARCH 8, 2020 THE SUNDAY TIMES OF MALTA THE SUNDAY TIMES OF MALTA MARCH 8, 2020 I 53 LIFEANDWELLBEING HISTORY Eighty years since the tragic sinking of HMS Glorious She told me her grandmother Carmela Bartolo was very young, and to help her family she THE "GLORIOUS" AND worked in a lace shop in Valletta, TWO DESTROYERS LOST I near Castille. A young Fridolin :4.f.. i.:11 TRfJOP.-.HTP .4,Vl> · SAVIOUR saw her there and became a reg nn~r ..t.VKElt , ( .......... ~) : AZZOPARDI ular visitor to the shop. He J. .o~DON . fone 10. I would explain his frequent visits I~ 11' offkia\l~· unnounU<i i.l1•& t;.., ! by saying he was buying presents Hriti~h 11irc·1·ar1 c:t1rrtn H.~.8 . <11n1tll)"C~ i,. 11t'Hntn~ !Mt. AIJG the lnm~tt 1 for his mother in the UK whom !t•.a~r "Or11mo:" llnd tbe t11nker stHmer l During World War ll many Mal be1oved.somucb. "Oil Piontl'r... Th~ t'lro cll'S<troyert l tese lives were affected by When Carmela accepted his H.'.\f.f.1. At-.tlll'A 11ri.i H.\l.!I. Ant1r.n ~H events that were to unfold as the invitation to meet after work 1.tl>'O flfP~tlntt<d !<)tit. war progressed. A huge shock Fridolin never looked back, and ADltt•ALTY COMM\llltQUE wave hit Malta on June 8, 1940 the two were soon meeting on a ,..... ,..,... ......... ; with the news that the aircraft regular basis. They married in LONDOM. Jnue 10. 1 TIHf Actml1111lty ,..,nm1unlq11.; ~t•tft carrier HMS Glorious had been 1922 and had nine children, tllU Ne 110 further information i~ re- sunk with a huge loss of lire. -
NARVIK – Norwegian Eldorado for Wreck-Divers Wrecks of Narvik
NARVIK – Norwegian Eldorado for wreck-divers Wrecks of Narvik Text by Erling Skjold (history and diving) and Frank Bang (diving) Underwater photography by Frank Bang Ship photography by Erling Skjolds, NSA collection Translation by Michael Symes Dieter von Roeder The port of Narvik in north Norway was established around the export of iron-ore from Sweden. This was due to the very good harbour and its ice-free con- ditions. At the outbreak of World War II, Narvik was a strategically important harbour, and during the first few days of the war a very intense battle was fought out here between German, Norwegian and British naval forces. During this fighting several ships were sunk, both warships and civil merchant ships. Narvik harbour was transformed into a great ship ceme- tery, with wrecks sticking up out of the water every- where. Several of the ships were later salvaged, but many wrecks still remained. With its high density of wrecks, Narvik is an eldorado for wreck divers. A diver explores the wreck of the German destroyer Hermann Künne in Trollvika 61 X-RAY MAG : 5 : 2005 EDITORIAL FEATURES TRAVEL NEWS EQUIPMENT BOOKS SCIENCE & ECOLOGY EDUCATION PROFILES PORTFOLIO CLASSIFIED features Narvik Wrecks www.navalhistory.net Narvik harbour Maps outline battles in Narvik and around Norway during World War II Narvik harbour The importance of Narvik as a strate- Attack on April 9th the Eidsvold in just a few seconds. The that it was British gic harbour increased immediately at The German attack was a great surprise German ships could thereafter sail into forces that were the outbreak of World War II. -
The Old Pangbournian Record Volume 2
The Old Pangbournian Record Volume 2 Casualties in War 1917-2020 Collected and written by Robin Knight (56-61) The Old Pangbournian Society The Old angbournianP Record Volume 2 Casualties in War 1917-2020 Collected and written by Robin Knight (56-61) The Old Pangbournian Society First published in the UK 2020 The Old Pangbournian Society Copyright © 2020 The moral right of the Old Pangbournian Society to be identified as the compiler of this work is asserted in accordance with Section 77 of the Copyright, Design and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, “Beloved by many. stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any Death hides but it does not divide.” * means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior consent of the Old Pangbournian Society in writing. All photographs are from personal collections or publicly-available free sources. Back Cover: © Julie Halford – Keeper of Roll of Honour Fleet Air Arm, RNAS Yeovilton ISBN 978-095-6877-031 Papers used in this book are natural, renewable and recyclable products sourced from well-managed forests. Typeset in Adobe Garamond Pro, designed and produced *from a headstone dedication to R.E.F. Howard (30-33) by NP Design & Print Ltd, Wallingford, U.K. Foreword In a global and total war such as 1939-45, one in Both were extremely impressive leaders, soldiers which our national survival was at stake, sacrifice and human beings. became commonplace, almost routine. Today, notwithstanding Covid-19, the scale of losses For anyone associated with Pangbourne, this endured in the World Wars of the 20th century is continued appetite and affinity for service is no almost incomprehensible. -
HMS Caprice Association
HMS Caprice (World Cruise 1968) Association Commander Tim Bevan Sept 2019 Issue No 72 HMS Caprice 1968 Association Newsletter 72 Sept. 2019 In This Issue 2020 Reunions Past Reunions Association Website After the Cruise was over PayPal account Pedro’s Poem - Stage 5 RIP - Tim Bevan D01 - the model Our Cruise Skippers The Queen’s Navy 2019 Tamworth Weekend Finance Report 2019 Reunion at Bristol Slops The cover features our original Skipper, the late Tim Bevan when he was Captain of the Britannia Royal Naval College, Dartmouth 2020 Reunions The Tamworth Weekend will be on 5-7th June 2020. The date and venue of the Main Reunion is not fixed as yet. We need to assess how the 2019 reunion with IOW Tours goes before a decision is made. Association Website www.hmscaprice1968.org.uk Our website is kept fully up to date and you can view newsletters online. It has had over 25300 hits to date and has attracted many new members. There is also a very good picture archive of the Caprice from 1942 to 1979, and up to date Association & Reunion News. The Association has a PayPal account which is a simple way of transferring payments into our bank account for purchases or subs, especially if you are an overseas member. Just use [email protected] 2 HMS Caprice 1968 Association Newsletter 72 Sept. 2019 RIP Tim Bevan Rear-Admiral Tim Bevan, born April 7 1931, died June 6 2019 His first appointment at sea was the cruiser HMS Glasgow in the West Indies: his promise was quickly recognised, and he went as Sub-Lieutenant of the gunroom, a very responsible job for a junior officer. -
HMS Drake, Church Bay, Rathlin Island
Wessex Archaeology HMS Drake, Church Bay, Rathlin Island Undesignated Site Assessment Ref: 53111.02r-2 December 2006 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SERVICES IN RELATION TO THE PROTECTION OF WRECKS ACT (1973) HMS DRAKE, CHURCH BAY, RATHLIN ISLAND UNDESIGNATED SITE ASSESSMENT Prepared by: Wessex Archaeology Portway House Old Sarum Park Salisbury Wiltshire SP4 6EB Prepared for: Environment and Heritage Service Built Heritage Directorate Waterman House 5-33 Hill St Belfast BT1 2LA December 2006 Ref: 53111.02r-2 © Wessex Archaeology Limited 2006 Wessex Archaeology Limited is a Registered Charity No.287786 HMS Drake: Undesignated Site Assessment Wessex Archaeology 53111.02r-2 HMS DRAKE, CHURCH BAY, RATHLIN ISLAND UNDESIGNATED SITE ASSESSMENT Ref.: 53111.02r-2 Summary Wessex Archaeology was commissioned by Environment and Heritage Service: Built Heritage Directorate, to undertake an Undesignated Site Assessment of the wreck of HMS Drake. The site is located in Church Bay, Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, at latitude 55º 17.1500′ N, longitude 06° 12.4036′ W (WGS 84). The work was undertaken as part of the Contract for Archaeological Services in Relation to the Protection of Wrecks Act (1973). Work was conducted in accordance with a brief that required WA to locate archaeological material, provide an accurate location for the wreck, determine the extent of the seabed remains, identify and characterise the main elements of the site and assess the remains against the non-statutory criteria for designation. Diving operations took place between 28th July and 5th August 2006. In addition to the diver assessment a limited desk-based assessment has been undertaken in order to assist with the interpretation and reporting of the wreck. -
Captain John Denison, D.S.O., R.N. Oct
No. Service: Rank: Names & Service Information: Supporting Information: 27. 1st 6th Captain John Denison, D.S.O., R.N. Oct. Oct. B. 25 May 1853, Rusholine, Toronto, 7th child; 5th Son of George Taylor Denison (B. 1904 1906. Ontario, Canada. – D. 9 Mar 1939, 17 Jul 1816, Toronto, Ontario, Canada -D. 30 Mason Toronto, York, Ontario, Canada. B. May 1873, Toronto, Ontario, Canada) [Lawyer, 1 Oct 1904 North York, York County, Ontario, Colonel, General, later minister of Church) and Canada. (aged 85 years). Mary Anne Dewson (B. 24 May 1817, Enniscorthy, Ireland -D. 1900, Toronto, 1861 Census for Saint Patrick's Ontario, Canada). Married 11 Dec 1838 at St Ward, Canada West, Toronto, shows James Church. Toronto, Canada John Denison living with Denison family aged 9. Canada Issue: West>Toronto. In all they had 11 children; 8 males (sons) and 3 It is surmised that John Denison females (daughters). actually joined the Royal Navy in 18 Jul 1878 – John Denison married Florence Canada. Ledgard, B. 12 May 1857, Chapel town, 14 May 1867-18 Dec 1868 John Yorkshire, -D. 1936, Hampshire, England. Denison, aged 14 years, attached to daughter of William Ledgard (1813-1876) H.M.S. “Britannia” as a Naval Cadet. [merchant] and Catherina Brooke (1816-1886) “Britannia” was a wooden screw st at Roundhay, St John, Yorkshire, England. Three decker 1 rate ship, converted to screw whilst still on her stocks. Issue: (5 children, 3 males and 2 females). Constructed and launched from 1. John Everard Denison (B. 20 Apr 1879, Portsmouth Dockyard on 25 Jan Toronto, Ontario, Canada - D. -
Rofworld •WKR II
'^"'^^«^.;^c_x rOFWORLD •WKR II itliiro>iiiiii|r«trMit^i^'it-ri>i«fiinit(i*<j|yM«.<'i|*.*>' mk a ^. N. WESTWOOD nCHTING C1TTDC or WORLD World War II was the last of the great naval wars, the culmination of a century of warship development in which steam, steel and finally aviation had been adapted for naval use. The battles, both big and small, of this war are well known, and the names of some of the ships which fought them are still familiar, names like Bismarck, Warspite and Enterprise. This book presents these celebrated fighting ships, detailing both their war- time careers and their design features. In addition it describes the evolution between the wars of the various ship types : how their designers sought to make compromises to satisfy the require - ments of fighting qualities, sea -going capability, expense, and those of the different naval treaties. Thanks to the research of devoted ship enthusiasts, to the opening of government archives, and the publication of certain memoirs, it is now possible to evaluate World War II warships more perceptively and more accurately than in the first postwar decades. The reader will find, for example, how ships in wartime con- ditions did or did not justify the expecta- tions of their designers, admiralties and taxpayers (though their crews usually had a shrewd idea right from the start of the good and bad qualities of their ships). With its tables and chronology, this book also serves as both a summary of the war at sea and a record of almost all the major vessels involved in it.