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A Faunistic Study on the Geometrid Moths (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) of Maden District (Elazığ Province, Turkey)* Abdullah Çakır1, Erdem Seven2

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A Faunistic Study on the Geometrid Moths (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) of Maden District (Elazığ Province, Turkey)* Abdullah Çakır1, Erdem Seven2 10.31195/ejejfs.568822 Eurasian Journal of Forest Science 2019 7(3): 225-236 http://dergipark.gov.tr/ejejfs A faunistic study on the geometrid moths (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) of Maden district (Elazığ Province, Turkey)* Abdullah Çakır1, Erdem Seven2 1 Hilar Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School, Ergani, 21950, Diyarbakır, Turkey 2 Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, School of Tourism and Hotel Management, Batman University, 72060, Batman, Turkey *This study was produced from the MSc thesis of first author. Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract This paper is conducted on the Geometridae fauna of Maden (Elazığ) district. In total, 87 species are diagnosed in 47 genera of 6 subfamilies. Except Charissa onustaria (Herrich-Schäffer, [1852]), all of the determined species are new record for the research area and also 81 of the species are new record for Elazığ province. And, second location records of rare known species, Idaea consociata (Staudinger, 1900), Gnophos sacraria (Staudinger, 1895) and Wehrliola inexpectata Kemal & Uçak, 2018, are given from the study area. Keywords: Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Maden, Elazığ, Turkey Özet Bu makale, Maden (Elazığ) ilçesi Geometridae faunası üzerine yapılmıştır. Toplamda 6 altfamilya içerisinde 47 cinse ait 87 tür tespit edilmiştir. Charissa onustaria (Herrich-Schäffer, [1852]) dışında, belirlenen türlerin tümü araştırma alanı için, 81’i ise Elazığ ili için yeni kayıttır. Nadir bilinen Idaea consociata (Staudinger, 1900), Gnophos sacraria (Staudinger, 1895) ve Wehrliola inexpectata Kemal & Uçak, 2018 türlerinin ikinci lokalite kayıtları çalışma alanından verilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Maden, Elazığ, Türkiye Introduction Most Geometridae species are nocturnal, but they often fly preferably at dusk and others active mainly after midnight. Each species is characterized by a specific resting position: Planiform (wings are parallel to the ground), veliform (wings are vertically folded) or tectiform (wings are positioned like a roof) (Hausmann 2001). The adults of the geometrid moths are commonly small to medium in size, with broad wings. Flights of the adults are usually short distance and close to the ground. Geometridae species move in a characteristic “inching” and called to ''measuring worms'' because the larvae lack of prolegs (except Archiearinae). The larvae resemble twigs or leaf stems and feed on foliage. They seriously damage or destroy trees and crops, when their populations are excessive. The geometrid moths can be distinguished from other moth families by their long legs, thin abdomen and slim wings. However, in order to diagnosis of some taxa (such as Scopula, Idaea and Eupithecia), tergit/sternit and tympanal organs should be examined together with male and female genital structures (Hausmann 2001, Leraut 2009, Kemal and Seven, 2013). Studies on the geometrid moths of Turkish fauna, and resources used for identification and distribution of the species in this survey are include: Zukowsky 1941, Doğanlar et al. 1982, S. Seven 1993, 225 Eurasian Journal of Forest Science – A faunistic study on the geometrid moths by Çakır and Seven 2019 Hausmann 2001, 2004, Karsholt and Razowski 1996, Okyar and Aktaç 1999, Schön 2002, Mironov 2003, Özdemir 2007, 2016, Leraut 2009, Hausmann and Viidalepp 2012, Rajaei et al. 2012, 2017, Kemal and Seven 2013, Seven 2014, 2015, 2018, Skou and Sihvonen 2015, Hausmann et al. 2017. Geometridae species in the Turkish fauna are classified in Archiearinae Fletcher, 1951; Desmobathrinae Meyrick, 1886; Ennominae Duponchel, 1845; Geometrinae Stephens, 1829; Larentiinae Duponchel, 1845; Orthostixinae Meyrick, 1892 and Sterrhinae Meyrick, 1892 subfamilies (Özdemir 2007, Kemal and Seven 2013). Geometridae family is one of the species-rich group in Lepidoptera order after noctuid and pyralid moths. The number of known geometrid moths in the European continent is more than 900 (Hausmann 2001), and 638 species are reported in Turkey (Koçak and Kemal 2018). However, before the investigations, 16 geometrid species were known in Elazığ province (Koçak and Kemal 2007, 2018), and Geometridae fauna of Maden district was unknown. Maden district is generally composed of mountainous areas and has a rich vegetation in woody and herbaceous species that contains mostly Astragalus, Quercus, Juniperus and Pinus species (Çakılcıoğlu and Civelek 2011, Tonbul et al. 2018). The area also hosts a large number of endemic and rare plant species (Khatun et al. 2012). Material and Methods The samples were collected from 17 localities (Figure 1) between in 2016 and 2017. A sweep net was utilized for catching of diurnal (daytime active) species and UV light traps were used for capturing of nocturnal (active at night) species. Studies were mostly carried out at night, because of majority of the members of Geometridae family were nocturnal. The samples were pinned and labelled and turned into museum materials. The Canon EOS 1100D macro lens camera was used for photographing of the samples and habitats. Also, for precise diagnosis, genitals of some species were prepared under Nikon SMZ1000 stereomicroscope by methods of Robinson (1976). At this stage the genitals were boiled with potassium hydroxide (KOH), taken to the alcohol and finally covered with Euparal between in lam- lamella. The materials are deposited in the collection of Batman University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology. Figure 1. Studied locations in Maden district of Elazığ province. 226 Eurasian Journal of Forest Science – A faunistic study on the geometrid moths by Çakır and Seven 2019 The studied locations (Figure 1) and coordinates are as follows: 1. Kısabekir (38°21'20.37"N 39°44'27.04"E), 2. Soğuksu (38°24'0.45"N 39°39'29.26"E), 3. Sağrılı-1 (38°21'56.99"N 39°45'13.85"E), 4. Ağadibek (38°21'21.90"N 39°40'49.27"E), 5. Gezin (38°30'45.85"N 39°32'21.89"E), 6. Altıntarla (38°24'3.23"N 39°26'58.16"E), 7. Kavak (38°23'41.95"N 39°25'52.46"E), 8. Centre (Ergani road) (38°22'42.52"N 39°41'21.59"E), 9. Karatop (38°24'16.45"N 39°43'28.17"E), 10. Yeşilova (38°32'7.90"N 39°34'37.41"E), 11. Tekevler (38°27'58.75"N 39°36'23.46"E), 12. Çitliköy (38°28'44.31"N 39°32'52.66"E), 13. Centre (Alacakaya road) (38°23'41.91"N 39°41'31.64"E), 14. Hanevleri (38°24'17.55"N 39°33'2.03"E), 15. Dutpınar (38°24'58.32"N 39°37'36.76"E), 16. Sağrılı-2 (38°22'22.46"N 39°44'11.10"E), 17. Çalkaya (38°19'57.75"N 39°34'20.68"E). Figure 2. Habitats: a. Yeşilova, 1380 m, 22.09.2017; b. Tekevler, 1300 m, 10.11.2018 The species are evaluated in terms of their distributions as widespread, local or rare according to number of the samples and the number of localities they found. ‘Widespread’ is used for the species a large number of samples and found in many localities. Species observed only in a specific locality are specified as ‘Local’, and species with very few samples (1 or 2) are reported as ‘Rare’ in the conclusion part. Results As a result of the researches, 87 species belonging to 6 subfamilies of Geometridae family are determined in the study area. Among these, except 6 species: Aplasta ononaria (Geometrinae), Aplocera plagiata, Camptogramma bilineatum (Larentiinae), Charissa onustaria, Nychiodes variabila (Ennominae), Scopula immistaria (Sterrhinae), 81 species are new discovered from Elazığ province. Examined materials of each species are presented. Family Geometridae Leach, 1815 Subfamily Desmobathrinae Meyrick, 1886 Myinodes shohami Hausmann, 1994 Material. 1♂, Soğuksu, 1020 m, 36.03.2017. Subfamily Ennominae Duponchel, 1845 Agriopis bajaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) Material. 2♂, Kısabekir, 860 m, 10.03.2017. Aleucis orientalis (Staudinger, 1892) 227 Eurasian Journal of Forest Science – A faunistic study on the geometrid moths by Çakır and Seven 2019 Material. 5♂ 3♀, Kısabekir, 860 m, 10.03.2017, 13.04.2017; 1♂, Centre (Ergani road), 940 m, 20.04.2017. Alsophila aceraria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) Material. 1♂, Centre (Ergani road), 940 m, 24.03.2017. Apochima flabellaria (Heeger, 1838) Material. 3♂, Centre (Ergani road), 940 m, 24.03.2017. Aspitates ochrearia (Rossi, 1794) Material. 3♂, Kısabekir, 860 m, 23.04.2016; 1♂, Soğuksu, 1020 m, 17.05.2017. Biston stratarius (Hufnagel, 1767) Material. 4♂, Karatop, 1045 m, 30.03.2017. Charissa dubitaria (Staudinger, 1892) Material. 3♂, Tekevler, 1300 m, 05.08.2017, 12.06.2017; 1♂, Centre (Alacakaya road), 1160 m, 29.06.2017; 5♂ 5♀, Kısabekir, 860 m, 29.06.2017. Charissa mucidaria (Hübner, [1799]) Material. 5♂ 5♀, Kısabekir, 860 m, 29.06.2017. Charissa onustaria (Herrich-Schäffer, [1852]) Material. 8♂ 2♀, Sağrılı-1, 920 m, 25.05.2016, 27.07.2017; 7♂ 1♀, Tekevler, 1300 m, 10.05.2017, 22.09.2017; 1♂, Dutpınar, 1150 m, 30.07.2017; 3♀, Ağadibek, 915 m, 29.09.2017. Chiasmia aestimaria (Hübner, [1809]) Material. 7♂ 4♀, Ağadibek, 915 m, 22.06.2016, 24.07.2017, 28.08.2017, 29.09.2017; 1♂, Kısabekir, 860 m, 29.06.2017; 1♂, Gezin, 1295 m, 15.08.2017. Chiasmia clathrata (Linnaeus, 1758) Material. 2♂, Kısabekir, 860 m, 23.04.2016; 3♂, Tekevler, 1300 m, 10.05.2017; 5♂ 1♀, Sağrılı-1, 920 m, 27.04.2017; 2♂, Soğuksu, 1020 m, 17.05.2017. Colotois pennaria (Linnaeus, 1761) Material. 1♂, Sağrılı-2, 930 m, 27.10.2017. Crocallis elinguaria (Linnaeus, 1758) Material. 13♂, Sağrılı-1, 920 m, 11.10.2017, 19.09.2017; 1♂, Kısabekir, 860 m, 11.10.2017; 34♂, Gezin, 1295 m, 25.09.2017; 6♂, Tekevler, 1300 m, 22.09.2017, 06.10.2017; 1♂, Ağadibek, 915 m, 29.09.2017; 1♂ 1♀, Soğuksu, 1020 m, 04.10.2017; 4♂ 1♀, Dutpınar, 1150 m, 10.09.2017; 1♂, Sağrılı- 2, 930 m, 27.10.2017.
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