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WO 2007/095718 Al (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (43) International Publication Date PCT (10) International Publication Number 30 August 2007 (30.08.2007) WO 2007/095718 Al (51) International Patent Classification: 5S2 (CA). THOMAS, Megan [CA/CA]; 5100 Spectrum A61K 31/197 (2006.01) A61K 33/42 (2006.01) Way, Mississauga, Ontario L4W 5S2 (CA). A61K 31/185 (2006.01) A61K 36/18 (2006.01) A61K 31/7004 (2006.01) (74) Agent: Torys LLP; 3000-79 Wellington Street West, Box 270, TD Centre, Toronto, Ontario M5K 1N2 (CA). (21) International Application Number: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every PCT/CA2006/001512 kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AT,AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, (22) International Filing Date: CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, 14 September 2006 (14.09.2006) GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, (25) Filing Language: English LU, LV,LY,MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, PT, RO, RS, RU, (26) Publication Language: English SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, SV, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW (30) Priority Data: 60/776,325 23 February 2006 (23.02.2006) US (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): NEW GM, KE, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, CELL FORMULATIONS LTD. [CA/CA]; 5100 Spec ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), tram Way, Mississauga, Ontario L4W 5S2 (CA). European (AT,BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV,MC, NL, PL, PT, (72) Inventors; and RO, SE, SI, SK, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, (75) Inventors/Applicants (for US only): HEUER, Marvin GN, GQ, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG). [US/CA]; 5100 Spectrum Way,Mississauga, Ontario L4W Published: 5S2 (CA). CLEMENT, Ken [CA/CA]; 5100 Spectrum — with international search report Way, Mississauga, Ontario L4W 5S2 (CA). CHAUD- HURI, Shan [CA/CA]; 5100 Spectrum Way,Mississauga, For two-letter codes and other abbreviations, refer to the "G uid Ontario L4W 5S2 (CA). RAMSBOTTOM, James, D. ance Notes on Codes and Abbreviations" appearing at the beg in [CA/CA]; 5100 Spectrum Way,Mississauga, Ontario L4W ning of each regular issue of the PCT Gazette. (54) Title: SKELETAL MUSCLE, INCREASING MUSCLE MASS AND STRENGTH, INCREASING EXERCISE CAPACITY AND FOR AIDING RECOVERY FOLLOWING EXERCISE (57) Abstract: The present invention relates to a dietary supplement that comprises at least Creatine or derivatives thereof, Taurine or derivatives thereof and a source of Phosphate. The dietary supplement may further comprise one or more of the following: Double Fermented Triticum aestivum, Dextrose, Isomalt, Trehalose, D-Mannose, Mulberry extract, Enicostemma littorale Blume, Scoparia dulcis, Tarragon extract, Andrographis paniculata, Chromium or derivatives thereof, Glutamine and Alpha Lipoic Acid. The present invention may also provide a method for increasing Creatine uptake and retention in skeletal muscle, increasing muscle mass and strength, increasing exercise capacity and aiding in recovery following exercise as well as supporting the immune system during periods of intense training. Nutritional Composition and Method for Increasing Creatine Uptake and Retention in Skeletal Muscle, Increasing Muscle Mass and Strength, Increasing Exercise Capacity and for Aiding Recovery Following Exercise Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the composition of a dietary supplement provided for increasing Creatine uptake and retention in skeletal muscle, increasing muscle mass and strength, increasing exercise capacity and aiding in recovery following exercise as well as providing support for the immune system during intense periods of exercise. Furthermore, a method for achieving the same by way of administration of the composition is presented. Summary of the Invention The foregoing needs, and other needs and objectives which will become apparent in the following description, are achieved in the present invention which comprises a dietary composition and method for enhancing Creatine uptake and retention in skeletal muscle, increasing muscle mass and strength, increasing lean muscle mass, and supporting the immune system of an individual, e.g., a human or an animal, during intense training periods. According to an embodiment of the present invention, there are provided compositions and methods which minimize catabolism and promote muscle anabolism, particularly in response to exercise. For example the compositions and methods may allow an individual to increase muscle size, strength or endurance training as well as reduce recovery time and facilitate an increased training volume leading to the same. According to an embodiment of the present invention, there are provided compositions and methods which comprise at least a combination of Creatine or derivatives thereof, Taurine or derivatives thereof and a source of Phosphate. According to additional or alternative embodiments of the present invention, there are provided compositions and methods that further comprise at least one of Double Fermented Triticum aestivum, Dextrose, Isomalt, Trehalose, D-Mannose, an extract of Mulberry, Enicostemma littorale Blume, Scoparia dulcis, an extract of Tarragon, Andrographis paniculata, Chromium or derivatives thereof, Glutamine and Alpha Lipoic Acid. Detailed Description of the Invention In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. The present invention, according to various embodiments thereof, is directed to a dietary supplement for increasing Creatine uptake and retention in skeletal muscle, increasing muscle mass and strength, increasing exercise capacity and aiding in post-exercise recovery as well as providing support for the immune system during intense exercise training periods. The present invention comprises at least a source of Creatine or derivative thereof, Taurine or derivative thereof and a source of Phosphate. According to various embodiments, the present invention may further comprise combinations of Double Fermented Triticum aestivum, Dextrose, Isomalt, Trehalose, D-Mannose, an extract of Mulberry, Enicostemma littorale Blume, Scoparia dulcis, an extract of Tarragon, Andrographis paniculata, Chromium or derivatives thereof, Glutamine and Alpha Lipoic Acid. Definitions As used herein, "Carbohydrate" refers to at least a source of carbohydrates such as, but not limited to, monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides or derivatives thereof. As used herein, "Creatine" refers to the chemical N-methyl-N-guanyl Glycine, (CAS Registry No. 57-00-1 ), also known as, (alpha-methyl guanido) acetic acid, N-(aminoiminomethyl)-N-glycine, Methylglycocyamine, Methylguanidoacetic Acid, or N-Methyl-N-guanylglycine. Additionally, as used herein, "Creatine" also includes derivatives of Creatine such as esters, and amides, and salts, as well as other derivatives, including derivatives that become active upon metabolism. Furthermore, Creatinol (CAS Registry No. 6903-79-3), also known as Creatine-O-Phosphate, N-methyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)guanidine O-Phosphate, Aplodan, or 2-(carbamimidoyl-methyl-amino)ethoxyphosphonic acid, is henceforth in this disclosure considered to be a Creatine derivative. As used herein, "Phosphate" refers to at least a source of Phosphate ions such as, but not limted to, Dipotassium Phosphate, Disodium Phosphate, Magnesium Phosphate or derivatives thereof. Carbohydrate ingestion is known to stimulate the secretion of insulin which in turn facilitates the uptake of glucose into skeletal muscle via glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation (Wang W , Hansen PA, Marshall BA, Holloszy JO, Mueckler M . Insulin unmasks a COOH-terminal Glut4 epitope and increases glucose transport across T-tubules in skeletal muscle. J Cell Biol. 1996 Oct;135(2):415-30). Glucose is then converted to and stored as glycogen and triglycerides. Concomitant with this, insulin inhibits the release and synthesis of glucose (Khan AH, Pessin JE. Insulin regulation of glucose uptake: a complex interplay of intracellular signalling pathways. Diabetologia. 2002 Nov;45(1 1):1 475-83). Moreover, insulin also plays an important role in protein metabolism where it inhibits the breakdown of protein or proteolysis (Volpi E and Wolfe B. Insulin and Protein Metabolism. In: Handbook of Physiology, L . Jefferson and A. Cherrington editors. New York: Oxford, 2001 , p. 735-757; Boirie Y, Gachon P, Cordat N , Ritz P, Beaufrere B. Differential insulin sensitivities of glucose, amino acid, and albumin metabolism in elderly men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Feb;86(2):638-44). Furthermore, insulin promotes the uptake of amino acids into muscle and stimulates protein synthesis (Biolo G, Declan Fleming RY, Wolfe RR. Physiologic hyperinsulinemia stimulates protein synthesis and enhances transport of selected amino acids in human skeletal muscle. J Clin Invest. 1995 Feb;95(2):81 1-9), particularly following exercise (Biolo G, Williams
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