, EASTERN TORIT,

Village Assessment Survey County Profiles Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 1

Village Assessment Survey County Profiles

EASTERN equatoria 2012 -2013

Torit

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION (IOM) The Village Assessment Survey (VAS) has been used by IOM since 2007 and is a comprehensive data source for that provides granular data from 30 priority counties with the aim of informing reintegration assistance around basic services and infrastructure, livelihoods, land and shelter, WASH, education, health, and protection.

The most recent VAS represents IOM’s largest effort to date and after consultations with the Government of South Sudan Relief and Rehabilitation Commission (RRC), UN agencies, and state-level partners, 30 priority counties were identified for the assessment. These comprise of 871 bomas, 197 payams, 468 health facilities, and 1,277 primary schools. There was a particular emphasis on assessing payams outside state capitals, where comparatively fewer comprehensive assessments have been carried out. IOM conducted the VAS in priority counties that represent an estimated 72% of the returnee population.

Methodology The data presented are the results of four integrated questionnaires. At the boma level, a Boma Questionnaire gathered data in relation to basic services and socioeconomic conditions from boma committees, composed of the boma chief, as well as representatives of the youth, women, and returnees.

In bomas where the Boma Questionnaire was being administered, separate Health and Education Technical Questionnaires were also distributed to healthcare workers and education administrators in order to capture specific data on the level of capacity and structure of public services provided to the boma.

At the payam level, a Payam Authority Questionnaire was distributed to senior payam officials for an additional source of data and for comparison with the boma level responses. All of these research instruments supply triangulated sources of information, as they are independent verifications of information collected at the boma and payam level.

Selection Process and Data Analysis State capitals were excluded from the assessment due to the fact that these had already been the subject of previous studies. Likewise, payams within state capitals were not surveyed while those outside the capital were included. In consultation with the RRC, UN agencies, and state-level partners, counties not previously considered were identified for the assessment.

Guide to Booklets As a guide to reading the tables, please note that entries with a dash (-) indicate an absence of data while entries with a zero (0) indicate a total of zero responses.

The following booklets represent the data of VAS 2013 organised alphabetically by County. COUNTY PROFILE TORIT,

County Population Information

Current (2012) Population Ratio of Returnees to (Source: Est. from NBS) Population 110,662

Returnees, Feb 2007-Dec 2012 15.14% (Source: IOM)

16,749 EASTERN EQUATORIA TORIT,

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 1 Payams & Bomas

Payam Boma Number of Villages Autak 2 Bolore 2 Bur Hitobok 5 Owodo 5 Imatari 4 Murahatiha 4 Hiyalla Nyibira 3 4 Tuhubak 3 Forohore 6 Hilleu 4 Homodonge Keberek 3 Otose 4 Gunyoro 3 Iholong 5 Ifwotur Imokoru 5 Moti 8 Central Imurok 4 Chuful 5 Imurok Ifoho 4 Isaloro 5 Achimoro 4 Barbal 4 Lyire Hafai 4 Haramorok 5 Nyara 5 Hutiala 3 Lofiriha 3 Kudo Loulang 4 Lowoi North 4 Lowoi South 4

2 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) Demographic Indicators of Respondents & Land Status

Average Main Presence of Main Main Household Main Land Payam Settlement Mines/UXO Tribes Languages Size Ownerships Types per Boma (persons) Lotuka Max 15 Communal Bur Otuho Permanent 4 of 4 Otuho Min 6 Ancestral Latuka Latuka Max 15 Hiyalla Lotuko Lotuka Permanent Communal 5 of 5 Min 7 Otuho Otuho Latuka Max 12 Communal Homodonge Otuho Permanent 1 of 4 Lotuka Min 4 Ancestral Max 12 Ifwotur Lotuka Otuho Permanent Communal 0 of 4

Min 8 EASTERN EQUATORIA TORIT, Max 13 Imurok Lotuka Otuho Permanent Communal 2 of 4 Min 6 Lotuka Lotuko Max 12 Lyire Permanent Communal 0 of 5 Lotuko Otuho Min 4 Lokoya Lokoyo Max 18 Communal Kudo Permanent 1 of 5 Lotuka Otuho Min 5 Ancestral

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 3 LIVELIHOODS (BQ 2012)

Agricultural Practices & Challenges

Bomas Engaged Payam Food Crops Grown Production Needs Major Problems in Farming Seed Tools Maize Fertilizers Crop Diseases Sorghum Labor Other crop damage Bur 4 of 4 Sesame Training Market Access Groundnuts Tractor Conflict Vegetables Compost Fertilizer Natural Disaster Ox Plough Irrigation Equipment Seed Tools Fertilizers Crop Diseases Labor Sorghum Other crop damage Hiyalla 5 of 5 Training Groundnuts Market Access Tractor Natural Disaster Compost Fertilizer Ox Plough Irrigation Equipment Land Seed Maize Tools Sorghum Crop Diseases Fertilizers Sesame Other crop damage Labor Homodonge 4 of 4 Groundnuts Market Access Training Vegetables Conflict Tractor Millet Natural Disaster Compost Fertilizer Casava Ox Plough Irrigation Equipment Seed Maize Tools Sorghum Fertilizers Sesame Crop Diseases Labor Ifwotur 4 of 4 Groundnuts Other crop damage Training Vegetables Market Access Tractor Millet Ox Plough Casava Irrigation Equipment

4 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) (Agricultural Practices & Challenges Continued)

Bomas Engaged Payam Food Crops Grown Production Needs Major Problems in Farming Seed Maize Tools Sorghum Fertilizers Crop Diseases Sesame Labor Other crop damage Imurok 4 of 4 Groundnuts Training Market Access Vegetables Tractor Natural Disaster Millet Compost Fert. Casava Ox Plough Seed Maize Tools Sorghum Fertilizers Crop Diseases Sesame Labor Other crop damage Lyire 5 of 5 Groundnuts Training Market Access Vegetables Tractor Natural Disaster Casava Compost Fert. Other food crops Ox Plough Irrigation Equip. EASTERN EQUATORIA TORIT, Maize Sorghum Seed Crop Diseases Sesame Tools Other crop damage Kudo 5 of 5 Groundnuts Tractor Market Access Vegetables Ox Plough Natural Disaster Millet Casava

Pastoralist Practices, Challenges & Market Access

Bomas Bomas with Livestock Payam Engaged in Primary Livestock Major Problems Market Livestock Disease Cattle Water Bur 4 of 4 0 of 4 Goats Market Conflict Disease Cattle Water Hiyalla 5 of 5 0 of 5 Goats Market Droughts & Floods Disease Water Homodonge 3 of 4 Cattle 1 of 4 Market Conflict Droughts & Floods Disease Ifwotur 4 of 4 Goats 0 of 4 Market Disease Imurok 4 of 4 Goats 0 of 4 Water Disease Lyire 5 of 5 Goats 0 of 5 Water Market Disease Kudo 5 of 5 Goats 0 of 5 Water

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 5 Fishing Practices, Challenges & Alternate Means of Income

Bomas Engaged Other Means Payam Major Problems in Fisheries of Income Lack of inputs Drought & Floods Bur 2 of 4 Income generating activities Storage Conflict

Hiyalla 0 of 5 None Income generating activities

Homodonge 1 of 4 None Income generating activities

Ifwotur 0 of 4 None Income generating activities

Imurok 0 of 4 None Income generating activities

Lyire 0 of 5 None Income generating activities

Kudo 0 of 5 None Income generating activities

Shocks & Coping Mechanisms

Period Coping Shocks in Coping Payam of Scarcity with Scarcity Past 2 Years with Shocks Floods Disease Reduced meals Wait for assistance Human epidemic Bur Jan -Sept Forest fruits & Take loan Crop disease vegetables Sell livestock Pests Conflict Reduced meals Drought Forest fruits & Disease Wait for assistance Hiyalla Jan - July vegetables Human epidemic Sell livestock Extended family Crop disease support Pests Forest fruits & Drought vegetables Disease Wait for assistance Homodonge April-Aug Extended family Crop disease Sell livestock support Pests Disease Reduced meals Human epidemic Wait for assistance Ifwotur July - Sept Forest fruits & Crop disease Sell livestock vegetables Pests Reduced meals Disease Wait for assistance Imurok May - Nov Forest fruits & Pests Sell livestock vegetables Reduced meals Forest fruits & Disease Wait for assistance Lyire May - July vegetables Pests Sell livestock Extended family support Reduced meals Disease Wait for assistance Kudo June-August Forest fruits & Crop disease Sell livestock vegetables Pests

6 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) Health (BQ 2012 & health technical)

Health Facilities by Type, Attendance & Availability of Trained Personnel

Avg. Bomas Bomas Bomas Bomas Payam Hospitals PHCCs PHCUs Annual Facility w/Facilities w/Doctor w/ MCHW w/Nurse Attendance[1] Bur 0 1 6 4 of 4 3,244 0 0 0

Hiyalla 0 1 2 2 of 5 6,166 0 0 0

Homodonge 0 0 0 1 of 4 1,587 0 1 1

Ifwotur 0 1 1 2 of 4 756 0 0 0

Imurok 0 0 3 3 of 4 1,132 0 0 0 TORIT, EASTERN EQUATORIA TORIT, Lyire - - - 2 of 5 - - - -

Kudo 0 1 2 3 of 5 2,827 0 1 1

[1] Mean average facility attendance covers facility reported patient intake for 2009-2011.

Health Awareness Raising Activities & Epidemiological Indicators

Bomas with Facility Education Awareness Top Past Likely Payam Conducts on HIV/AIDS (Source: Illness U5s Outbreak Outbreak Immunization BQ) Malaria Bur 0 of 4 8 of 8 Pneumonia 2 of 8 Meningitis Diarrhea Malaria Hiyalla 1 of 5 1 of 1 1 of 2 None Diarrhea

Homodonge 0 of 4 1 of 1 Malaria 0 of 1 None

Ifwotur 0 of 4 2 of 2 Diarrhea 0 of 2 None

Imurok 1 of 4 3 of 3 Malaria 0 of 3 None

Lyire - - - - -

Malaria Kudo 5 of 5 2 of 3 0 of 3 None Pneumonia

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 7 WATER & SANITATION (BQ 2012)

Water Accessibility, Migration & Conflict

Most Water Conflict on Migration Local Water Year-Round Seasonal Payam Accesible to All Route Due to Competition Conflicts per Accessible Migration per Boma for Water per Boma Boma Source

Bur River 2 of 4 1 of 4 0 of 4 3 of 4

Hiyalla Borehole 1 of 5 0 of 5 0 of 5 1 of 5

Homodonge River 0 of 4 0 of 4 0 of 4 3 of 4

Ifwotur River 1 of 4 0 of 4 0 of 4 2 of 4

Imurok Stream 0 of 4 0 of 4 0 of 4 0 of 4

Lyire None 0 of 5 1 of 5 1 of 5 0 of 5

Kudo None 0 of 5 0 of 5 0 of 5 5 of 5

Sanitation Facilities & Hygiene Education

Payam Most Common Latrine Type Bomas with Hygiene Education in Past 2 Years

Bur None 3 of 4

Hiyalla None 2 of 5

Homodonge None 1 of 4

Ifwotur None 2 of 4

Imurok None 4 of 4

Public simple pit Lyire 1 of 5 Household simple toilet

Kudo Household simple toilet 1 of 5

8 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) EDUCATION (BQ 2012 & EDUCATION TECHNICAL)

School Availability by Grade, Curriculum & Estimated Attendance Rate

Schools Schools Schools Schools % % Girls Payam Curriculums

Hiyalla 0 1 1 3 New S. Sudan 30% 65%

Old Sudan Homodonge 0 2 2 0 32% 75% New S. Sudan

Ifwotur 5 3 2 0 New S. Sudan 25% 75% EASTERN EQUATORIA TORIT,

Imurok 0 4 3 0 New S. Sudan 57% 62%

Lyire - - - - - 44% 56%

Kudo 0 5 1 1 New S. Sudan 45% 40%

[1] Source: BQ 2012.

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 9 Causes of School Dropout & Urgent Needs

Boys Reasons for Girls Reasons for Most Urgent Payam Bomas with School Dropping Out Dropping Out Needs[2] Distance Family decision Bur Early marriage 4 of 4 Trained Teachers Migration Family decision Distance Distance Early marriage Hiyalla Family decision 5 of 5 Trained Teachers Family decision Migration Migration Distance Distance Conflict Conflict Homodonge Early marriage 4 of 4 Other need Family decision Family decision Migration Migration Distance Distance Ifwotur Language Early marriage 4 of 4 Trained teachers Family Decision Family decision Distance Distance Early marriage Trained Teachers Imurok Language 4 of 4 Family decision Maintenance Family decision Migration Trained Teachers Lyire - - 5 of 5 Maintenance Distance Distance Trained Teachers Language Kudo Early marriage 5 of 5 Maintenance Family decision Family decision School feeding Migration

[2] Source: BQ 2012.

10 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) PROTECTION (BQ 2012)

Internal & External Threats & Availability of Rule of Law Institutions

Women Feel Bomas with Bomas with Payam External Threat Internal Threat Unsafe per Boma Police Station Traditional Court Local conflict Domestic Armed Conflict Violence Drought Violence against Floods Bur women 1 of 4 2 of 4 4 of 4 Hunger Seasonal road Epidemics access Other Crop disease Livestock disease

Domestic EASTERN EQUATORIA TORIT, Violence Violence against Hunger women Hiyalla 0 of 5 3 of 5 5 of 5 Epidemics Seasonal road access Crop disease Livestock disease Local conflict Domestic Violence Violence against Homodonge Hunger women 0 of 4 3 of 4 4 of 4 Seasonal road access Crop disease Livestock disease Local conflict Domestic Violence Violence against Ifwotur Hunger women 0 of 4 0 of 4 2 of 4 Seasonal road access Crop disease Livestock disease

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 11 (Internal & External Threats & Availability of Rule of Law Institutions Continued)

Women Feel Bomas with Bomas with Payam External Threat Internal Threat Unsafe per Boma Police Station Traditional Court Domestic Violence Violence against women Imurok - 0 of 4 1 of 4 4 of 4 Seasonal road access Crop disease Livestock disease Domestic Violence Violence against women Lyire Hunger 0 of 5 1 of 5 5 of 5 Seasonal road access Crop disease Livestock disease Domestic Violence Violence against women Kudo Armed conflict 0 of 5 0 of 5 5 of 5 Seasonal road access Crop disease Livestock disease

12 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) (Internal & External Threats & Availability of Rule of Law Institutions Continued) COUNTY PROFILE IKOTOS, EASTERN EQUATORIA

County Population Information

Current (2012) Population Ratio of Returnees to (Source: Est. from NBS) Population 93,918

Returnees, Feb 2007-Dec 2012 28.71% (Source: IOM) 26,962 IKOTOS, EASTERN EQUATORIA IKOTOS,

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 13 Payams & Bomas Lobulo 6 Lodwara Mura 7 Number of Payam Boma Villages Lomohidang Lodwara Talla 5 North Imilai 5 Mak 6 Hatire Isuhak 6 Okorohore 7 Katire Central 6 Ramula 7

Ifuda 6 Chahari 5 Hiriafit 3 Ifune 8 Ibunyak 4 Lonyori 4 Ikwoto Lomohidang Isohe 7 Losihet 4 South 2 Lotada 3 Mangala 4 Tanama 3 Woroworo 4 Geria 4 Ateda 3 Hiniso 4 Lofus 3 Humadongi 4 Imotong Losite Lotome 2 Ifose 4 Nakoringole 3 Ingoi 6 Napeyese 5 Lomuleny 4

Demographic Indicators of Respondents & Land Status

Average Main Presence of Main Main Land Payam Main Tribes Household Settlement Mines/UXO Languages Ownerships Size (persons) Types per Boma Acholi Bari Acholi Permanent Communal Hatire - 0 of 3 Madi Arabic Nomadic Ancestral Fojulu Lango Acholi Individual Permanent Ikwoto Lango 36 Permanent Communal 4 of 6 Arabic Ancestral Dongotono Lotuka Individual Acholi Imotong Lango 12 Permanent Communal 1 of 6 Imotong Ancestral Lango Individual Lomohidang Dongotona Logir 13 Permanent Communal 1 of 6 North Logitanai Otuho Ancestral Lomohidang Lango Dongotono Communal 14 Permanent 0 of 7 South Lotuka Dongotona Ancestral Ketebo Communal Losite Lango 13 Permanent 0 of 5 Logitanai Ancestral

14 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) LIVELIHOODS (BQ 2012)

Agricultural Practices & Challenges

Bomas Engaged in Payam Food Crops Grown Production Needs Major Problems Farming Seed Maize Tools Sorghum Fertilizers Sesame Crop disease Labor Groundnuts Other crop damage Hatire 3 of 3 Training Vegetables Market Access Tractor Millet Natural disaster Compost fertilizer Cassava Ox Plough Other Irrigation equipment Seed Maize Tools Sorghum Fertilizers Crop disease Sesame Labor Other crop damage Ikwoto 6 of 6 Groundnuts Training Market Access Vegetables Tractor Natural disaster Millet Compost fertilizer Cassava Irrigation equipment Seed Maize Tools Sorghum Crop disease Fertilizers Sesame Other crop damage Training Imotong 6 of 6 Groundnuts Market Access Tractor EASTERN EQUATORIA IKOTOS, Vegetables Conflict Compost fertilizer Cassava Natural disaster Ox Plough Other Irrigation equipment Land Seed Tools Sorghum Crop disease Fertilizers Sesame Other crop damage Lomohidang Labor 6 of 6 Groundnuts Market Access North Training Vegetables Conflict Tractor Cassava Natural disaster Compost fertilizer Ox Plough Irrigation equipment Maize Sorghum Seed Sesame Other crop damage Tools Lomohidang Groundnuts Market Access 7 of 7 Training South Vegetables Conflict Tractor Millet Natural disaster Ox Plough Cassava Rice Maize Seed Sorghum Tools Crop disease Sesame Fertilizers Other crop damage Groundnuts Labor Losite 5 of 5 Market Access Vegetables Training Conflict Millet Tractor Natural disaster Cassava Compost fertilizer Other Ox Plough

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 15 Pastoralist Practices, Challenges & Market Access

Bomas Engaged Bomas with Livestock Payam Primary Livestock Major Problems in Livestock Market Cattle Hatire 1 of 3 0 of 3 None Goats Grazing land Diseases Cattle Water Ikwoto 6 of 6 Sheep 1 of 6 Market Goats Conflict Droughts & floods Diseases Water Cattle Imotong 6 of 6 1 of 6 Market Goats Conflict Droughts & floods Grazing land Diseases Cattle Lomohidang Water 6 of 6 Sheep 0 of 6 North Market Goats Conflict Droughts & floods Cattle Diseases Lomohidang 7 of 7 Sheep 1 of 7 Water South Goats Conflict (cattle) Diseases Cattle Water Losite 5 of 5 Sheep 0 of 5 Market Goats Conflict

Fishing Practices, Challenges & Alternate Means of Income

Payam Bomas Engaged in Fisheries Major Problems Other Means of Income

Hatire 0 of 3 None Income generating activities

Employment Ikwoto 0 of 6 None Income generating activities Lack of inputs Droughts & floods Imotong 4 of 6 Storage Income generating activities Market Conflict Lomohidang 0 of 6 Lack of inputs Income generating activities North Lomohidang 0 of 7 None Income generating activities South

Losite 0 of 5 None Income generating activities

16 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) Shocks & Coping Mechanisms

Payam Period of Scarcity Coping with Scarcity Shocks in Past 2 Years Coping with Shocks

Droughts Floods Forest fruits & Wait for assistance Hatire June - Sep Human epidemic vegetables Sell livestock Crop disease Pests Reduced meals Disease Forest fruits & Human epidemic Wait for assistance Ikwoto Jan - June vegetables Crop disease Sell livestock Extended family Pests support Disease Loans Human epidemic Wait for assistance Reduced meals Crop disease Migrate Imotong May - Oct Forest fruits & Pests Loans vegetables Conflict Sell livestock Temporary migration Other Droughts Loans Wait for assistance Floods Reduced meals Migrate Disease Lomohidang Forest fruits & Loans Feb - Dec Human epidemic North vegetables Sell livestock Crop disease Temporary migration Food from forest Pests Food aid Other Conflict

Reduced meals EASTERN EQUATORIA IKOTOS, Cash benefits Disease Lomohidang Wait for assistance Mar - Oct Forest fruits & Pests South Sell livestock vegetables Conflict Temporary migration Reduce meals Disease Cash benefits Crop disease Wait for assistance Losite Mar - Sept Forest fruits & Pests Sell livestock vegetables Conflict Other

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 17 Health (BQ 2012 & health technical)

Health Facilities by Type, Attendance & Availability of Trained Personnel

Bomas Bomas Ave. Annual Facility Bomas w/ Bomas w/ Payam Hospitals PHCCs PHCUs w/ w/Facilities Attendance[1] MCHW Nurse Doctor

Hatire 0 1 1 2 of 3 990 0 0 0

Ikwoto 0 2 1 4 of 6 3,029 0 0 2

Imotong 0 1 5 5 of 6 269 0 0 0

Lomohidang 0 0 4 3 of 6 983 0 0 1 North Lomohidang 1 0 3 4 of 7 2,430 1 1 3 South

Losite 0 1 4 5 of 5 307 0 0 1

[1] Mean average facility attendance covers facility reported patient intake for 2009-2011.

Health Awareness Raising Activities & Epidemiological Indicators

Bomas with Education Facility Conducts Payam Awareness on HIV/ Top Illness U5s Past Outbreak Likely Outbreak Immunization AIDS (Source: BQ) Malaria Cholera Hatire 2 of 3 2 of 2 Pneumonia - Yellow Fever Diarrhea Malaria Pneumonia Measles Diarrhea Ikwoto 1 of 6 3 of 3 - Meningitis Acute Yellow Fever respiratory infection Measles Malaria Meningitis Imotong 4 of 6 6 of 6 - Diarrhea Yellow Fever Other Lomohidang Malaria Measles 2 of 6 0 of 3 - North Diarrhea Yellow Fever Lomohidang Malaria Measles 1 of 7 4 of 4 - South Diarrhea Meningitis

Losite 5 of 5 4 of 5 Malaria - None

18 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) WATER & SANITATION (BQ 2012)

Water Accessibility, Migration & Conflict

Conflict on Migration Local Water Most Year-Round Water Accessible Seasonal Route Due to Payam Conflicts per Accessible Source to All per Boma Migration Competition for Water Boma per Boma River Hatire 2 of 3 March - Dec 0 of 3 0 of 6 Borehole Borehole Ikwoto 0 of 6 None None 0 of 6 Tap

Imotong Spring 1 of 6 None None 1 of 6

Lomohidang Borehole 0 of 6 None None 5 of 6 North River Lomohidang Spring 1 of 7 None None 6 of 7 South Borehole Tap

Losite spring 0 of 5 None None 3 of 5

Sanitation Facilities & Hygiene Education EASTERN EQUATORIA IKOTOS,

Bomas with Hygiene Education Payam Most Common Latrine Type in Past 2 Years

Hatire Household simple toilet 3 of 3

Ikwoto Household simple toilet 3 of 6

Imotong None 6 of 6

Lomohidang North None 4 of 6

Public simple pit Lomohidang South 3 of 7 Household simple toilet Household simple toilet Losite 5 of 5 Household ventilated pit

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 19 EDUCATION (BQ 2012 & EDUCATION TECHNICAL)

School Availability by Grade, Curriculum & Estimated Attendance Rate

Schools Schools Schools Schools % % Girls Payam Curriculums

Hatire 1 0 0 2 New S. Sudan 100% 100%

Uganda Ikwoto 0 2 0 4 29% 70% New S. Sudan Imotong 0 1 3 1 31% 44% New S. Sudan Lomohidang 0 5 1 0 New S. Sudan 25% 31% North Lomohidang 2 2 2 1 New S. Sudan 50% 100% South

Losite 1 2 3 1 New S. Sudan 70% 75%

[1] Source: BQ 2012.

Causes of School Dropout & Urgent Needs

Boys Reasons for Girls Reasons for Payam Bomas with School Most urgent needs[2] Dropping Out Dropping Out Distance Distance Early marriage Hatire Family decision 3 of 3 Trained teachers Family decision Migration Migration Trained teacher Distance Distance Maintenance Ikwoto Early marriage 6 of 6 Family decision Additional classes Family decision Water School fees School fees Distance Distance Trained teacher Imotong Early marriage 5 of 6 Conflict Additional classes Family decision Family decision Migration Distance Distance Conflict Lomohidang Conflict Early marriage 5 of 6 Trained teachers North Family decision Family decision Other School fees School fees Trained teachers Lomohidang Family decision Early marriage 6 of 7 Maintenance South Migration Family decision Additional classes Other Migration School fees Distance School fees Trained teachers Conflict Early marriage Losite 5 of 5 Maintenance Family decision Family decision Water Migration Migration Other

[2] Source: BQ 2012.

20 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) PROTECTION (BQ 2012)

Internal & External Threats & Availability of Rule of Law Institutions

Women Feel Bomas with Bomas with Payam External Threat Internal Threat Unsafe per Boma Police Station Traditional Court Domestic Drought violence Flood Violence against Hatire 0 of 3 0 of 3 3 of 3 Hunger women Epidemics Road access Crop diseases Armed conflict Domestic violence Hunger Ikwoto Violence against 2 of 6 2 of 6 6 of 6 Epidemics women Road access Crop diseases Armed conflict Domestic Flood violence Imotong Hunger Violence against 1 of 6 1 of 6 6 of 6 Epidemics women Road access Crop diseases IKOTOS, EASTERN EQUATORIA IKOTOS, Armed conflict Domestic violence Lomohidang Hunger Violence against 0 of 6 0 of 6 6 of 6 North Epidemics women Road access Crop diseases Armed conflict Domestic violence Lomohidang Hunger Violence against 2 of 7 2 of 7 7 of 7 South Epidemics women Road access Crop diseases Armed conflict Domestic Armed conflict violence Hunger Losite Violence against 5 of 5 5 of 5 5 of 5 Epidemics women Other Road access Crop diseases

Village Assessment Survey Report (2013) | 21

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION New Industrial Area . Northern Bari . . South Sudan Email:[email protected] | Web: http://southsudan.iom.int/

24 | Village Assessment Survey Report (2013)