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Journal Paper Format International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 5, (2020), pp. 11182-11198 Development of Islamic Learning Centers Through Mosque Empowerment based on Managerial Principles Fauji Koda1* 1Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku Utara, Ternate, Indonesia Abstract A mosque is a place of worship and a center of Islamic culture theoretically- conceptually. This place also is a spreading of Islamic Teaching concerns to the earthly and eschatological matters, material and spiritual. The history also has noted the enlightenment of Islamic Civilizations, which inseparable with the mosque significantly. However, there are still many mosques that have not maximum managed and just used for spiritual matters. Indeed, it will have a significant impact on the mosque as a vital place that has an essential role in Islamic civilization development. Currently, there is a grateful phenomenon done in the Muslim community. They begin to realize the mosques have an essential role concerns not only spiritual matters but also earthly ones education especially. This research aimed to obtain some further information follows; (1) the Islamic Teaching spreading and the mosque's development; (2) The teaching based of mosque function and values; (3) the education types and management conducted; (4) the managerial principle application of education developing for Muslim people (Ummah) conducted in the mosque. It presents work used as a qualitative- descriptive method with a historical– phenomenological approach. The method is chosen relating to the focus, question, and purpose selected and developed well before and after. The results indicated that it could generally describe the mosque as a community education centered had a relation with Islam promulgation process in Ternate. There were some values such as "tawhid" (the oneness of God), "khalifah"(caliph), and "Amanah" (trusteeship). The education type held in the Mosque is method The Holy Quran kindergarten (TKA) and The Holy Quran recitation kindergarten (TPQ), and majlis taklim. The mosque management pattern in Ternate has known as "bobula" (in Ternate Language means job description). However, this pattern insufficient but a more comprehensive and professional one with management principles application needed. The useful application of management principles improved the mosque management quality had a development implication of Muslim community education conducted related to the education, purpose, content/curriculum, personnel, method, strategy, infrastructure, and evaluation. Keywords: Muslim people welfare, The mosque role, Islamic education model 1. Introduction Since the last twenty years, the mosque's development in Indonesia has reached all remote areas including in Ternate City. However, how far the mosques impacting people around them, especially efforts to build a robust social order in various people's life aspects, is an issue that needs to be disclosed [1]–[3]. It is essential to the state because there are narrowing symptoms of the mosque's meaning and function for people's lives [4]–[6]. Generally, the mosque often identified with prayer places for those who claim Muslims. Furthermore, the mosque does not appear to have any social functions as though education, social politics, economics, or other socio-cultural activities [7]–[9]. As a result, * Corresponding Author: Fauji Koda, Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku Utara, Ternate, Indonesia. E-mail: [email protected] ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST 11182 Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERSC International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 5, (2020), pp. 11182-11198 the increasing number of mosques in the midst lives today's people have not had much influence on poverty reduction and social conflicts it faces. The mosque function optimization intensively and extensively will be useful for people's education not only in ritual worship activities aspect but also in social, political, and economic insight aspect development and other insights according to times developments and demands. The mosque's presence of people's lives midst provides social inspiration that is not simple, e.g., the ritual meeting held every time to pray to build social closeness to foster a solidarity spirit with one another [10][11]. In any situation, ideally, the mosque used as a people education center to try to realize a better social order. If all this time, the people education center is still centralized informal institutions such as schools and madrassas, now the mosque institutions must also develop as a people education alternative and even the nation as a whole. The theological signal which states that the mosque is the "House of God" actually gives a meaning that the mosque no longer binds the individual as the figure of its owner, but is a picture of collectivity bound to the God universal spirit [12], [13]. It must exude togetherness spirit grows through social interaction natural process. Since the Prophet Muhammad time, besides used as a ritual worship place, the mosque also used as a center of cultural, scientific, information, people economic development, war, and peace strategy, and people resources development as an actualization education function in general. It was not only because of its social context, which was still simple but precisely because the mosque social management process functioned as a social binder was more non-primordial oriented and functioned as an educational institution. The prevailing social ethics did not provide egoism growth opportunity, which only provokes disharmony, but instead, inspires the uniting process to form a more functional social order. Therefore, the mosques with their educational activities seen as non-formal educational institutions change-oriented and social-public formation either based on planned goals or through finding meaning process naturally. Theologically, Moslems believe it is a communication place between the servant and his God, a place to complain transcendently, and a place to find humanity meaning through interactions with fellow worshipers. The mosque presence in the Moslems midst is a mirror of unity, and Islamic brotherhood ties ethical. In the mosque, Moslems carry out ritual worship as one of the religious teachings, and in the same place, Moslems also carry out other social services that are more humanitarian in dimension. The mosque function and role miximazing require to manage all resources owned optimally. Optimizing all the mosque resources owned, the various problems encountered in mosque activities solved or at least reduced. The mosque educational institution's resources potential, which includes human, funding, community participation, and various other potentials they have, are quite significant. In optimizing mosque resources, the mosque management role (ta' mir) is very strategic in making decisions to determine the mosque's future as a people educational institution, using managerial principles, the manager in mosque education activities significant change actions in the organization. Many things need changed or improved in mosque management. For this reason, leaders as mosque managers are required and creative to improve management development quality (idarah), physical management (ri'ayah), and program management (imarah). However, the factor of increasing funding in the mosque management as an educational center, both for operational needs and the facilities construction and infrastructure, and the program implementation is crucial to support programs focused on the needs of pilgrims. The pilgrim's needs in this perspective are related to comfort in worship and the mosque achievement goals supported by the functions and roles of the mosque implementation. All mosque managers are responsible for making management changes in a more practical direction [14]. It done by relying on the managers role as effective decisions making to have implications of vision, mission, goals, and objectives, as well as policies ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST 11183 Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERSC International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 5, (2020), pp. 11182-11198 in the mosque strategic management formulation as the people educational institution not just on paper as a capability of contemporary educational institutions (present), but carried out with full commitment to the achievement of quality management, physical development, and educational programs in the mosque [15], [16]. It believed the mosque could be a center of Islamic people's civilization development, intelligence, and education. It is from the mosque, of course, the family and school institutions become the people social security institutions, especially in terms of fostering and shaping the people's morality. The mosque undoubtedly expected to be a supporting institution to fortify various deviant behaviors that occur in the community environment. Therefore, it is time to manage the mosque with more professional management. The systems approach necessary in understanding education and public issues so that management is holistic, not partial, and patchy. However, every Islamic educational institution, including the mosque at present and in the future, is in an increasingly complex and challenging situation. For this reason, all mosques should manage by professionals, credible, and accountable in carrying out the mosque program. It realizes, to achieve the effectiveness and efficiency level of mosque management. The management strategy used expected to optimize the mosque function and role to explain
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