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 TNPSC - Group https://t.me/Padasalai_TNPSC www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 10 TH Geography Unit – 6 Physical Geography of Tamil Nadu www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgI. Choose the correctwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org answer: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 1. The latitudinal extent of Tamil Nadu is a) 8°5′N to 13°35′N b) 8°5′S to 13°35′S c) 8°0′N to 13°5′N d) 8°0′S to 13°05′S Ans: a) 8°5′N to 13°35′N www.Padasalai.Org2. The longitudinalwww.Padasalai.Org extent of Tamil Nadu is www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orga) 76°18′ E to 80°20www.Padasalai.Org′E b) 76°18′ W to 80°20www.Padasalai.Org′W c) 86°18′ E to 10°20www.Padasalai.Org′E d) 86°18′ W to 10°20www.Padasalai.Org′W Ans: a) 76°18′ E to 80°20′E 3. The highest peak in Tamil Nadu is a) Anaimudi b) Doddabetta c) Mahendragiri d) Servarayan Ans: b) Doddabetta www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org4. Which of the followingwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org passes is not locatedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org in the Western Ghatswww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgof Tamil Nadu? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org a) Palghat b) Shencottah c) Bhorghat d) Achankoil Ans: c) Bhorghat 5. Which one of the following rivers is flow into the Arabian Sea? a) Periyar b) Cauvery c) Chittar d) Bhavani Ans: a) Periyar 6. The district with largest mangrove forest cover in Tamil Nadu is www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orga) Ramanathapuramwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org b) Nagapattinam www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org c) Cuddalore d) Theniwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: c) Cuddalorewww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org 7. The forest cover of Tamil Nadu as per 2017 Indian Forest Report is a) 20.21% b) 20.31% c) 21.20% d) 21.30% Ans: a) 20.21% 8. Retreating monsoon wind picks up moisture from www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orga) Arabian sea www.Padasalai.Org b)www.Padasalai.Org Bay of Bengal c)www.Padasalai.Org Indianwww.Padasalai.Org Ocean d) Timorwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org sea Ans: b) Bay of www.Padasalai.OrgBengalwww.Padasalai.Org 9. Which of the following district is affected by sand dunes to a large extent? a) Theni b) Madurai c) Thanjavur d) Ramanathapuram Ans: a) Theni 10. The district which has the largest forest cover in Tamil Nadu is a) Dharmapuri b) Vellore c) Dindigul d) Erode Ans: a) Dharmapuri www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org II. Fill in the blanks: 1. The plateau which lies between the Nilgiris and Dharmapuri districts is ______. Ans: Coimbatore www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org2. ______Padasalai is thewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org highest peak in the southernwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org most part of the www.Padasalai.OrgEasternwww.Padasalai.Org Ghats. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: Solaikaradu 3. The riverine Island of Srirangam is located between ______and ______branches of cauvery. Ans: Collidam , Cauvery 4. ______soil is suitable for the cultivation of tea and coffee plants. Ans: Laterite www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org5. ______is thewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Tamil Nadu state animalwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org which is found in ______www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: Nilgiri tahr , Nilgiri III. Match the following: 1. Winter season - a. Pre-monsoon www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org2. Summer seasonwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org - b.June towww.Padasalai.Org Septemberwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 3. Southwest monsoon - c. March to May 4. North east monsoon - d.January and February 5. Mango Shower - e October to December Ans: 1 - d , 2 - c , 3 - b , 4 - e , 5 - a www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

IV. Assertion type Question 1. Assertion (A): Tamil Nadu does not receive much rainfall from southwest monsoon. Reason (R): It is situated in the rain shadow area of the Western Ghats. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orga) Both (A) and (R)www.Padasalai.Org arewww.Padasalai.Org true and (R) explainswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org (A). b) Both (A) andwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org (R) are true but, (R) doeswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org not explain (A). c) (A) is true but, (R) is false. d) (R) is true but, (A) is false. Ans: a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

2. Assertion (A): Red soil is rich in iron oxides Reason (R): It is formed by leaching www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orga) Both (A) and (R)www.Padasalai.Org arewww.Padasalai.Org true and (R) explainswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org (A). b) Both (A) www.Padasalai.Organdwww.Padasalai.Org (R) are true but, www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org (R) does not explain (A). c) (A) is true but, (R) is false. d) (R) is true but, (A) is false. Ans: c) (A) is true but, (R) is false V. Answer the following in brief 1. State the boundaries of Tamil Nadu. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi).Bay of Bengal inwww.Padasalai.Org thewww.Padasalai.Org east www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ii).Kerala in the west iii).Andhra Pradesh in the north iv). Karnataka in the northwest www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgv). Indian Ocean inwww.Padasalai.Org thewww.Padasalai.Org south www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

2. List out the districts of Tamil Nadu which are partly/fully located on Eastern and Western Ghats separately. Eastern Ghats: Western Ghats: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org1.Chennai www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org 1. Nilgiris www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 2. Vellore 2. Coimbatore 3.Kancheepuram 3. Dindigul 4.Villupuram 4. Erode www.Padasalai.Org5. Namakkal www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org 5. Kanyakumari www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org6. Salem www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org 6. Tirunelveli www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org 7. Perambalur 7.Theni 8. Dharmapuri www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org3. What is ‘Teri’? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org The sand dunes formed along the coast of Ramanathapuram and Thoothukudi districts are called Teri.

4. How is coastal plain formed? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi).CoastalPadasalai plains ofwww.Padasalai.Org Tamilwww.Padasalai.Org Nadu are also calledwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Coromandel or Cholamandalamwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org (landof Cholas)www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org plain, ii).which extends from Chennai to Kanyakumari. iii). It is formed by the rivers that flow towards east drain in the Bay of Bengal. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 5. Name the major islands of Tamil Nadu. 1.Pamban, 2. Hare, 3.Krusadai, 4.Nallathanni Theevu, 5. Pullivasal, 6.Srirangam 7.Upputanni, 8.Island Grounds, 9. Kattupalli Island, 10. Quibble Island 11.Vivekananda Rock Memorial www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 6. Name the tributaries of river Thamirabarani. 1.Karaiyar 2.Servalar www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org3. Manimuthar www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 4. Gadananathi 5. Pachaiyar 6.Chittar 7. Ramanathi www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 7. Define : Disaster Risk Reduction.

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org According to United Nations office for Disaster Risk Reduction, Disaster Risk Reduction( UNDRR) is the concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyse and reduce the causal factors of disasters. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 8. During cyclone, how does the Meterological department warn the fishermen? i).Fishermen should keep a radio set with extra batteries handy. ii). keep boats and rafts tied up safely and don’t venture out in the sea. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgVI. Distinguish www.Padasalai.Orgbetweenwww.Padasalai.Org the followingwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 1. Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats. Western Ghats Eastern Ghats Western Ghats extends from the Niligris in the It is dissected at many places by the rivers, which www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgnorth to Marunthuvazhwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Malai at Swamithopewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org in drain into the Baywww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org of Bengal. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Kanyakumari district in the south. continuous range Discontinuous range Highest Peak in Dodabetta Highest Peak is Servarayan www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org2. Southwest monsoonwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and Northeast monsoon.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Southwest monsoon Northeast monsoon June to September October to December Kanyakumari, Tirunelveli and Th e Nilgiris record Coastal districts of the state get nearly 60% of www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org50–100 cm rainfallwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgtheir annual rainfallwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Tropical cyclones are not common Tropical cyclones are common during this season.

3. Tropical evergreen and Tropical deciduous forests. www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.OrgTropical evergreenwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.OrgTropical deciduouswww.Padasalai.Org forests. www.Padasalai.Org Found in the regions that receive heavy rainfall. This type of forest lies in the margin of semi- evergreen and evergreen forests. It is a dense, multilayered forest The trees reach up to a height of 30 metres. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgThe majorPadasalai tree specieswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org of this forest are www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgSome trees of thiswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org forest are silk cotton,www.Padasalai.Org kapok,www.Padasalai.Org cinnamon, Malabar ironwood, panasa, java kadamba, dog teak, woman's tounge, axlewood plum/jamun, jack, kindal, ayani and crape myrtle. and siris. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgVII. Give reasonswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org for the following www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 1. Eastern Ghats are not a continuous range. Eastern Ghats are not a continuous range. because Eastern Ghats are dissected by rivers that drain into Bay of Bengal. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org2. Tamil Nadu receiveswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org low rainfall duringwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org southwest monsoon.www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org i) Tamil Nadu lies in the rain shadow region for the wind, which blows from Arabian Sea. ii) As a result, Tamil Nadu receives only a meagre rainfall from this monsoon season.

3. Alluvial soil is fertile. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgAlluvial soils are formedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org by the deposition ofwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgsilt by the rivers and arewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org generally fertile as theywww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org are rich in minerals such as lime, potassium, magnesium, nitrogen and phosphoric acid.

4. Cuddalore is a multiprone disaster zone. Cuddalore is a coastal district affected by Tropical Cyclone floods and was also affected by Tsunami www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgin 2004 and earthquakewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 11 August 2011. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

VIII. Answer the following in a paragraph 1. Describe the nature of the plateau region of Tamil Nadu. i).Plateaus of Tamil Nadu are located between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ii). It is roughly triangular in shape and covers an area of about 60,000 sq.km. iii). Its height increases from east to west. Its height ranges between 150 and 600 metres. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org Bharamahalwww.Padasalai.Org plateau: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org i).Bharamahal plateau is a part of the Mysore plateau situated in the northwestern part of Tamil Nadu. ii).Its height ranges from 350 to 710 metres. Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri districts are located in this region. Coimbatore plateau: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi).Coimbatore plateauwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org lies between the Nilgiriswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and Dharmapuri districts.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ii). Its height varies from 150 to 450 metres. iii).This region includes Salem, Coimbatore and Erode districts. Madurai plateau: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi).Madurai plateau www.Padasalai.Orgfoundwww.Padasalai.Org in Madurai districtwww.Padasalai.Org extendswww.Padasalai.Org up to the foothillswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org of the Western Ghats.www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org Ii).Vaigai and Thamirabarani basins are located in this zone.

2. Write an account on river Cauvery. i).The river Cauvery originates at Talacauvery in the Brahmagiri hills of Kodagu(coorg) www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgdistrict of Karnatakawww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org in the Western Ghats. www.Padasalai.OrgAboutwww.Padasalai.Org 416 km of its coursewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org falls in Tamil Nadu. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ii).It serves as the boundary between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu for a distance of 64 km. iii).It forms Hogenakkal waterfalls in Dharmapuri district. iv). Mettur Dam, also called as the Stanley Reservoir, is located across this river www.Padasalai.Orgin Salem district. www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgv).A tributary called www.Padasalai.OrgBhavani joins Cauvery onwww.Padasalai.Org the right bank about 45www.Padasalai.Org km from the Mettur Reservoir.www.Padasalai.Org v).Two more tributaries, Noyyal and Amaravathi, confluence the river on the right bank at Thirumukkudal 10 km from Karur. vii).The river is wider in this region, where it is called as ‘Agandra Cauvery’. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgviii).In Tiruchirappalliwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org district, the river brancheswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org into two parts. The www.Padasalai.Orgnorthernwww.Padasalai.Org branch is calledwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org Coleroon or Kollidam and the southern branch remains Cauvery. ix).From here, the Cauvery delta begins.

3. Explain the characteristic features of summer and winter seasons of Tamil Nadu. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Padasalai www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org Winter Season: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org i).During January and February, the vertical rays of the sun fall between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Equator. ii). Hence, Tamil Nadu and India on the whole receive slanting rays from the sun. So, the weather is www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgslightly cooler duringwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org these months. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii). Winter temperature in Tamil Nadu varies from 15°C to 25°C. iv).However, in the hill stations, the winter temperature drops below 5°C occasionally. Some valleys in the Nilgiris record even 0°C. Summer Season: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi).The apparent migrationwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org of the sun towardswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org north during March, Aprilwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and May results in thewww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org reception of vertical sun’s rays by South India. ii).Thus there is a steady rise in temperature from the equator. Hence, Tamil Nadu located to the south of Tropic of Cancer, experiences high temperature. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiii).Generally the temperaturewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org varies from 30°Cwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org to more than 40°C. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iv). During this season particularly in the month of May, southern part of the state receives some rainfall from pre-monsoon showers and some parts experience convectional rainfall.

4. What is desertification and write about the areas affected by it in Tamil Nadu. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Desertification :

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Desertification is a process/ type of land degradation in which a relatively dry area of land becomes a desert losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife. It is caused by climate change particularly through global warming and through over exploitation through human activity. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

Areas affected by Tamil Nadu: i).Desertification is one of the major problems of Tamil Nadu. ii).According to the desertification atlas prepared by the ISRO. About 12% of the total geographical www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgarea is under desertificationwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and land degradation.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii). Theni, the Nilgiris and Kanyakumari are the worst affected districts. iv).About 12,000 hectares (120 Sq.km) were affected by sand deposition in Theni and Rajapalayam. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org5. Bring out the typeswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and distribution ofwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgsoils in Tamil Nadu. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Th e soils in Tamil Nadu are broadly classifi ed into fi ve types according to their characteristics. Th ey are alluvial, black, red, laterite and saline soils.

Alluvial Soil: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi).Alluvial soils are www.Padasalai.Orgformedwww.Padasalai.Org by the depositionwww.Padasalai.Org ofwww.Padasalai.Org silt by the rivers. Alluvialwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org soils are generally fertilewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org as they are rich in minerals such as lime, potassium, magnesium, nitrogen and phosphoric acid. ii).Paddy, sugarcane, banana and turmeric are cultivated in this soil. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiii).Generally this typewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org of soil is found in thewww.Padasalai.Org districtswww.Padasalai.Org of Thanjavur, Tiruvarur,www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Nagapattinam, www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Villupuram, Cuddalore, Tirunelveli and Kanyakumari.

Black Soil: i).Black soils are formed by the weathering of igneous rocks. It is also known as regur soil. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgii).As cotton growswww.Padasalai.Org wellwww.Padasalai.Org in this soil, it is alsowww.Padasalai.Org calledwww.Padasalai.Org as black cotton soil.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii).Black soils are found extensively in the districts of Coimbatore, Madurai, Virudhunagar, Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi.

Red Soil: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi).RedPadasalai soils cover overwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org two-thirds of the totalwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgarea of Tamil Nadu. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ii).The colour of the soil is due to the presence of high content of iron oxides. iii). paddy, ragi, tobacco and vegetables are the chief crops grown in this soil. iv). It is dominantly found in Sivagangai and Ramanathapuram districts. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Laterite Soil: i).This soil is formed by the process of intense leaching. ii).Laterite soils are found in some parts of Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur and Thanjavur districts and some patches over the mountainous region in the Nilgiris. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiii).Crops grown inwww.Padasalai.Org thiswww.Padasalai.Org soil are paddy, ginger,www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org pepper and plantains.www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.OrgIt is also suitable for thewww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org cultivation of tea and coffee plants.

Saline Soil: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi).Saline soils in Tamilwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Nadu are confined towww.Padasalai.Org thewww.Padasalai.Org Coromandel coast.www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ii).Vedaranyam has a pocket of saline soil.

6. Name the areas which are affected by landslides. What will you do before, during and after landslides? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Namewww.Padasalai.Org thewww.Padasalai.Org areas which are affectedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org by landslides: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org i).Nilgiris in Tamil Nadu is identified as one of the most vulnerable districts in the country and landslides pose a major threat in this area. ii).The other regions which are prone to land slides are Coimbatore and palani hill of Dindigul district www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org where Kodaikanal hill station is located.

Before: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgCreate awareness;www.Padasalai.Org staywww.Padasalai.Org alert and awake; monitorwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org the news updates;www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgmake evacuation plan;www.Padasalai.Org listenwww.Padasalai.Org for any unusual sounds that might indicate moving debris such as trees cracking, boulders knocking and consider leaving the place of landslide if it is safe to do so.

During : If indoors www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi). Find cover in thewww.Padasalai.Org sectionwww.Padasalai.Org of the building thatwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org is farthest away fromwww.Padasalai.Org thewww.Padasalai.Org approaching landslide;www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ii). Take shelter under a strong table or bench. iii). Hold on firmly and stay until all movement has ceased. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org If outdoors www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org i).Move quickly away from its likely path, keeping clear of embankments, trees, power lines and poles. ii). Avoid crossing roads and bridges and stay away from the landslide www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org After: i).Stay away from the slide area. ii).listen to local radio or television stations for the latest emergency information. www.Padasalai.Orgiii). watch for flooding,www.Padasalai.Org which may occur afterwww.Padasalai.Org a landslide or debris flowwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ALL THE BEST BY www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgPadasalaiwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org R.MEGANATHAN. MA,B.ed ( B,T ASST. SOCIAL SCIENCE) GHSS, VEEDUR 605652 PH: 9543255318 www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

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II. Fill in the blanks 1. The Palayakkarars system was put in place in Tamil Nadu by ______. Ans: Viswanatha Nayaka www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org2. ExceptPadasalai the Palayakkararswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org of ______www.Padasalai.Org allwww.Padasalai.Org other western Palayakkararswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org supported Puli Thevwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgar. Ans: Sivagiri 3. Velunachiyar and her daughter were under the protection of ______for eight years. Ans: Gopala Nayaker www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org4. Bennerman deputedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ______to conveywww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org his message, askingwww.Padasalai.Org Kattabommanwww.Padasalai.Org to surrender.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: Ramalinganar 5. Kattabomman was hanged to death at ______. Ans: Kayathar 6. The Rebellion of Marudhu Brothers was categorized in the British records as the _____ Ans: Second Palayakkarar War www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org7. ______waswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org declared the new Sultanwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org by the rebels in Vellorewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Fort. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: Fateh Hyder 8. ______suppressed the revolt in Vellore Fort. Ans: Gillespie www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org III. Choosewww.Padasalai.Org thewww.Padasalai.Org correct statementwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 1. i) The Palayakkarar system was in practice in the Kakattiya Kingdom. ii) Pulithevar recaptured Nerkattumseval in 1764 after the death of Khan Sahib. iii) Yusuf Khan who was negotiating with the Palayakkarars, without informing the Companyadministration was charged with treachery and hanged in 1764. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiv) Ondiveeran ledwww.Padasalai.Org onewww.Padasalai.Org of the army units ofwww.Padasalai.Org Kattabomman.www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org a) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct b) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct c) (iii) and (iv) are correct d) (i) and (iv) are correct Ans: b) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

IV. Match the following 1. Theerthagiri a. Vellore Revolt www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org2. Gopala Nayak www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org b. Ramalinganarwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 3. Bannerman c. Dindigul 4. Subedar Sheik Adam d. Vellore Fort 5. Col. Fancourt e. Odanilai www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgAns: Padasalai1 - e , 2 -www.Padasalai.Org cwww.Padasalai.Org , 3. - b , 4 - awww.Padasalai.Org ,www.Padasalai.Org 5 - d www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

V. Answer the questions briefly 1. What were the duties of a Palayakkarar? i).The Palayakkarars had to collect revenue, administer the territory, settle disputes and maintain law www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Organd order. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ii).Their police duites were known as Padikaval or Arasu kaval. 2. Identify the Palayams based on the division of east and west. The eastern palayams: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Sattur, Nagalapuram,www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ettayapuram and www.Padasalai.OrgPanchalamkurichi.www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org The western palayams: Uttrumalai, Thalavankottai, Naduvakurichi, Singampatt and Seithur.

3. Why was Heron dismissed from service? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi).For want of cannonwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and of supplies and www.Padasalai.Orgpaywww.Padasalai.Org to soldiers, Colonel www.Padasalai.OrgHeronwww.Padasalai.Org abandoned the planwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and retired to Madurai. ii).Heron was recalled and dismissed from service.

4. What was the significance of the Battle of Kalakadu. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi).The Nawab sentwww.Padasalai.Org anwww.Padasalai.Org additional contingentwww.Padasalai.Org ofwww.Padasalai.Org sepoys to Mahfuzkhanwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and the reinforced armywww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org proceeded to Tirunelveli. ii).Besides the 1000 sepoys of the Company, Mahfuzkhan received 600 more sent by the Nawab. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii).Before Mahfuzkhan could station his troops near Kalakadu, 2000 soldiers from Travancore joined the forces of Puli Thevar. iv). In the battle at Kalakadu, Mahfuzkhan's troops were outed. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 5. What was the bone of contention between the Company and Kattabomman? i).The Company had thus gained the right to collect taxes from Panchalamkurichi. ii). The Company appointed its Collectors to collect taxes from all the palayams. iii).The Collectors humiliated the palayakkarars and adopted force to collect the taxes. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 6. Highlight the essence of Tiruchirappalli Proclamation of 1801. i). Tiruchirappalli Proclamation was issued by Marudu brothers. ii). It was the first call to the Indians to unite against the British cutting across region, caste, creed and religion. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiii). As a result of itwww.Padasalai.Org manywww.Padasalai.Org palayakkarars joinedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org to fight against the English.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

7. Point out the importance of the Treaty of 1801 i).It led to the liquidation of all local chieftains of Tamilnadu. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgii). The British assumedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org direct control over www.Padasalai.OrgTamilagam.www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii). The Palayakkarar system came to an end. iv). It led to the demolition of all forts of palayakkarars and disbandment of their army.

VI. Answer the questions given under each caption www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org1. Velunachiyar www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org a) Who was the military chief of Velunachiyar? Ans: Thandavarayanar b) What were the martial arts in which she was trained? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: valari, stickwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org fighting, wielding www.Padasalai.Orgweapons,www.Padasalai.Org horse riding www.Padasalai.Organdwww.Padasalai.Org archery. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org c) Whom did she marry? Ans: Muthu Vadugar d) What was the name of her daughter? Ans: Vellachi Nachiar www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgPadasalaiwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 2. Dheeran Chinnamalai a) When was Dheeran Chinnamalai born? Ans: 1756 b) How did he earn the title “Chinnamalai”? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgAns: He let Mohammedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ali go by instructingwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org him to tell his Sultanwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org that “Chinnamalai”,www.Padasalai.Org whowww.Padasalai.Org is between Sivamalai and Chennimalai, was the one who took away taxes. Thus he gained the name “Dheeran Chinnamalai c) Name the Diwan of Tipu Sultan? Ans: Mohammed Ali www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgd) Why and wherewww.Padasalai.Org waswww.Padasalai.Org he hanged to death?www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: The English captured Dheeran and asked him to accept the rule of the British. He refused. So he was hanged at the top of Sankari Fort. VII. Answer in detail : www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org1. Attempt an essaywww.Padasalai.Org of the heroic fight Veerapandyawww.Padasalai.Org Kattabommanwww.Padasalai.Org conducted against thewww.Padasalai.Org East India Company. i) .On the death of Jagavira Pandya, his son Kattabomman became the palayakkarar. ii). Conflicts arose between Kattabomman and the East India Company. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiii).The collectors whowww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org had been appointed www.Padasalai.Orgtowww.Padasalai.Org collect taxes, humiliatedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org the palayakkarars andwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgadopted forces to collect taxes. This was the bone of contention between the English and Kattabomman. Confrontation with Jackson: i).Collector Jackson ordered Kattabomman to meet him in Ramanathapuram. ii). In the interview with the collector at Ramanathapuram, he was ill-treated. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii). When Kattabomman felt that he was in danger, he escaped with the help of Oomathurai. iv). At the gate of the Ramanathapuram fort, there was a clash in which some people including Lieut. Clarke were killed. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org Confederacy of Palayakkarars:www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org South Indian Confederacy was formed by Marudhu Pandyan. Kattabomman joined this confederacy against the wish of the British. Marudhu brothers and Kattabomman decided on a confrontation with the English. Kattabomman’s effort to bring the palayakkarar into the confederacy irritated the British. So the army was sent to Tirunelveli under Bannerman. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org The siege of Panchalamkurichi:www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org On 1 September 1799, the British issued an ultimatum to Kattabomman to surrender. As Kattabomman gave an evasive reply Bannerman moved his entire army to Panchalamkurichi on 5th September. When the fort was attached Kattabomman escaped to Pudukottai. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org Betrayal of rajas of Ettayapuramwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and Pudukottai:www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org The British put a prize on Kattabomman’s head. Because of the betrayal of rajas of Ettayapuram and Pudukottai Kattabomman was captured. Execution of Kattabomman: The trail on Kattabomman was held in front of the palayakkarars. Kattabomman was insulted by www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgBannerman. Kattabommanwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org admitted all thewww.Padasalai.Org chargeswww.Padasalai.Org levelled againstwww.Padasalai.Org him.www.Padasalai.Org Finally he was hangedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org to death at Kayathar.

2. Highlight the tragic fall of Sivagangai and its outcome. www.Padasalai.Orgi). In 1801 Marudhuwww.Padasalai.Org brothers issued a proclamationwww.Padasalai.Org of independencewww.Padasalai.Org which is called Tiruchirappalliwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgproclamation. www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org ii). Many palayakkarars united against the British. iii). The British got the support from Bengal, Ceylon and Malaya. Rajas of Pudukottai and Ettayapuram also supported the British. The divide and rule policy of the British split the forces of the www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgpalayakkarars. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Fall of Sivagangai: i). The rebels were defeated by the English forces at Thanjavur, Tiruchirappalli, Piranmalai and Kalayarkoil. ii). The rebels could not withstand the superior military strength and the able commanders of the www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgEnglish.Padasalai www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii). The rebellion failed and Sivagangai was annexed in 1801. Result: i). Marudhu brothers were executed in the fort of Tirupathur. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgii). Oomathurai andwww.Padasalai.Org Sevathaiahwww.Padasalai.Org were capturedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and beheaded. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii). Seventy three rebels were exiled to Penang in Malaya. iv). The palayakkarars fell to the English. The rebellion was suppressed. v). It led to the liquidation of local chieftains of Tamilnadu. vi). Carnatic Treaty was signed in 1801. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgvii).The British assumedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org direct control overwww.Padasalai.Org Tamilagam.www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org viii). The Palayakkarar system came to an end. 3. Account for the outbreak of Vellore Revolt in 1806. i). The British brought the districts of Salem, Dindigul and Coimbatore under their control. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgii). The powers of thewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Raja of Thanjavur waswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org reduced. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii). By the Treaty of 1801, the nawab of Arcot had to cede five districts to the British. iv). But the resistance did not die down. V).The continuous resistance of little kings resulted in the Vellore revolt. Causes of the revolt: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi). There was a strongwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org sense of resentmentwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org among the Indian sepoyswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org over low salary andwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org lack of promotion. ii). The English officers did not respect the social and religious sentiments of Indian sepoys. iii). Many of the sepoys’ families were in dire economic straits. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iv). The family members of Tipu had been interned in Vellore fort. New military regulations: i). The English commander John Cradock introduced many reforms in the army. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgii). The Indian soldierswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org were prohibited fromwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgsmearing religious markswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org on their foreheads. Theywww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org were ordered to shave their beard and trim their moustache. iii). The new turban and the leather cockade created resentment among the soldiers. Outbreak of the revolt: i). On 10 July 1806, in the early hours, the sepoys started the revolt. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgii). The first victim www.Padasalai.Orgwaswww.Padasalai.Org Col. Fancourt. Nextwww.Padasalai.Org waswww.Padasalai.Org Col. Mekerras. Withinwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org an hour nearly twelvewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org English officers were killed. Suppression of the revolt: i). Col. Gillespic reached the fort along with Captain Young. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgii). In the meantimewww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgthe rebels proclaimed Fatehwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Hyder as their newwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgruler and hoisted the tigerwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org flag of Tipu over the fort. iii). However the British crushed the revolt. Hundreds of soldiers were killed.

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org UNIT - 7 Anti-Colonial Movements and the Birth of Nationalism I. Choose the correct answer 1. Which one of the following was launched by Haji Shariatullah in 1818 in East Bengal? a) Wahhabi Rebellion b) Farazi Movement www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgc) Tribal uprising www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org d) Kolwww.Padasalai.Org Revoltwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org Ans: b) Farazi movementwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 2. Who declared that “ Land belongs to God “ and collecting rent or tax on it was against divine law? a) Titu Mir b) Sidhu c) Dudu Mian d) Shariatullah Ans: c) Dudu Mian 3. Who were driven out of their homeland during the process of creation of Zamins under Permanent www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgSettlement? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org a) Santhals b) Titu Mir c) Munda d) Kol Ans: a) Santhals 4. Find out the militant nationalist from the following. a) Dadabhai Naoroji b) Justice Govind Ranade c) Bipin Chandra Pal d) Romesh Chandra Ans: c) Bipin Chandra Pal www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org5. WhenPadasalai did the partitionwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org of Bengal come intowww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org effect? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org a) 19 June 1905 b) 18 July 1906 c) 19 August 1907 d) 16 October 1905 Ans: d) 16 October 1905 6. What was the context in which the Chotanagpur Tenancy Act was passed? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orga) Kol Revolt b) Indigowww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Revolt c) Mundawww.Padasalai.Org Rebellionwww.Padasalai.Org d) Deccan Riotswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: c) Munda Rebellionwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 7. Who set up the first Home Rule League in April 1916? a) Annie Besant b) Bipin Chandra Pal c) Lala Lajpat Rai d) Tilak Ans: d) Tilak 8. Who drew the attention of the British to the suffering of Indigo cultivation through his play Nil darpan? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orga) Dina Bandhu Mitrawww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org b) Romesh Chandrawww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Dutt c) Dadabhai Naorojiwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org d) Birsa Mundawww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org Ans: a) Dina Bandhu Mit II. Fill in the blanks: 1. In 1757, Robert Clive was financially supported by ____ , the moneylenders of Bengal. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org Ans: Jagat www.Padasalai.OrgSethswww.Padasalai.Org 2. ____ was an anti-imperial and anti-landlord movement which originated in and around 1827. Ans: Wahhabi rebellion 3. The major tribal revolt which took place in Chotanagpur region was _____ Ans: Kol revolt www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org4. The ______Act,www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org restricted the entry of www.Padasalai.Orgnonwww.Padasalai.Org-tribal people into thewww.Padasalai.Org tribawww.Padasalai.Orgl land. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: Chotanagpur Tenancy 5. Around 1854 activities of social banditry were led by ______Ans: Bir Singh www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 6. The British Commander of Kanpur killed by the rebels during the 1857 Rebellion was ______Ans: Hugh Wheeler 7. Chota Nagpur Act was passed in the year ______www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org Ans: 1908 www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org 8. W.C.Bannerjee was elected the president of Indian National Congress in the year____ Ans: 1885

III. Choose the correct statement : www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 1. i) The Company received ` 22.5 million from Mir Jafar and invested it to propel the industrial revolution in Britain. ii) Kols organized an insurrection in 1831-1832, which was directed against government officers and money lenders. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiii) In 1855, two Santhalwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org brothers, Sidhu andwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.OrgKanu, led the Santhal Rebellion.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iv) In 1879, an Act was passed to regulate the territories occupied by the Santhals. a) (i) (ii) and (iii)are Correct b) (ii) and (iii) are correct c) (iii) and (iv) are correct d) (i) and (iv) are correct Ans : a) (i) (ii) and (iii) are correct www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 2. i) Dudu Mian laid emphasis on the egalitarian nature of Islam and declared that “ Land belongs to God” ii) According to the Doctrine of Lapse, new territories under the corrupt Indian rulers were to be annexed. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiii) The British officialswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org after the suppressionwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org of 1857 Revolt were givenwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org power to judge andwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgtake the lives of Indians without due process of law. iv) One of the causes of the failure of the Revolt of 1857 was many of the Indian princes and zamindars remained loyal t o the British. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org(a) (ii),(iii) and (iv) www.Padasalai.Orgarewww.Padasalai.Org correct www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org b) (i), (ii) and (iv) are www.Padasalai.Orgcorrectwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org (c) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct d) (i),(ii) and (iii) are correct Ans : c) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct 3. i) One of the most significant contributions of the early Indian Nationalists was the formulation of an economic critique of Colonialism. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgPadasalaiwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org ii) The early Congress leaders stated that the religious exploitation in India was the primary reason for the growing poverty. iii) One of the goals of the moderate Congress leaders was to achieve Swaraj or self-rule iv) The objective of partition of Bengal was to curtail the Bengali influence and weaken the nationalist www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgmovement. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org a) (i) and (iii) are correct. b) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct c) (ii) and (iii) are correct d) (iii) and (iv) are correct Answer : b) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org4. Assertion (A) : www.Padasalai.OrgUnderwww.Padasalai.Org colonial rule, for thewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org first time in Indian history,www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Government claimedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org a direct proprietary right over forests. Reason (R) : Planters used intimidation and violence to compel farmers to grow indigo. a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A. b) Both (A) and (R) are wrong c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgd) (A) is wrong andwww.Padasalai.Org (R)www.Padasalai.Org is correct. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Answer : a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 5. Assertion (A) : The Revolt of 1857 was brutally suppressed by the British army. Reason (R) : The failure of the rebellion was due to the absence of central authority. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orga) Both (A) and (R)www.Padasalai.Org arewww.Padasalai.Org wrong b) (A) is wrongwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and (R) is correct www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A d) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A. Answer : c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org IV. Match the Following :

1.Wahhabi Rebellion - a. Lucknow www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org2.Munda Rebellionwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org - b. Peshwawww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Baji Rao II www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 3.Begum Hazarat Mahal - c. Titu Mir 4 Kunwar Singh - d. Ranchi 5.Nana Sahib - e. Bihar www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgAns: 1 - c , 2 -www.Padasalai.Org dwww.Padasalai.Org , 3 - a , 4 - e , www.Padasalai.Org5 www.Padasalai.Org - b www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

V. Answer the following questions briefly 1. How are the peasant uprisings in British India classified? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org i). Restorative rebellions ii).Religious movements iii). Social banditry iv). Mass insurrection www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 2. Write about the Kanpur Massacre of 1857.

i).The siege of Kanpur was an important episode in the rebellion of 1857. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgii).The besieged Companywww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org forces and civilianswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org in Kanpur were unpreparedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org for an extended www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org siege and surrendered to rebel forces under Nana Sahib, in return for a safe passage to Allahabad. iii).The boats in which they were proceeding were burned and most of the men were killed, including British Commander of Kanpur Major General Hugh Wheeler. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 3. Name the territories annexed by the British under the Doctrine of Lapse.

i). Satara ii.)Sambalpur www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgPadasalaiwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii). Parts of Punjab iv). Janshi v). Nagpur www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org4. What do you meanwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org by drain of wealth?www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

i). India was economically subjugated and transformed into a supplier of raw material to the British industries. ii).Simultaneously it became a market to dump English manufactures and for the investment www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgof British capital. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii).So the colonial economy was a continuous transfer of resources from India to Britain without any favourable returns back to India. This is called "the drain of wealth".

5. Explain the concept of constructive swadeshi. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org i).The constructive programmes largely stressed upon self-help. ii). It focused on building alternative institutions of self-governance that would operate free of British control. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiii).Swadeshi shopswww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgsprang all over the placewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org selling textiles, handlooms,www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org soaps, earthenware,www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org match and leather goods.

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 6. Highlight the objectives of Home Rule Movement.

i).To attain self-government within the British Empire by using constitutional means. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgii).To obtain the statuswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org of dominion, a politicalwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org position accorded laterwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org to Australia, www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Canada, South Africa, and New Zealand. iii).To use non-violent constitutional methods to achieve their goals.

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org7. Summarise thewww.Padasalai.Org essencewww.Padasalai.Org of Lucknow Pact.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

i).Under the Lucknow Pact (1916), the Congress and the Muslim League agreed that there should be self-government in India as soon as possible. ii).In return, the Congress leadership accepted the concept of separate electorate for Muslims. www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org VI. Answer all the questions under each caption : www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org1. Deccan Riots www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org a) When and where did the first recorded incident of rioting against the moneylenders in the Deccan appear? Ans: Supa, 1875 b) What was the right given to moneylenders under a new law of the British? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgAns: The moneywww.Padasalai.Org lenderswww.Padasalai.Org were allowedwww.Padasalai.Org towww.Padasalai.Org attach the mortgagedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org land of the defaulterswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and auction it off. c) What did it result in? Ans: This resulted in a transfer of lands from the cultivators to the non-cultivating classes. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgd) Against whom waswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org the violence directedwww.Padasalai.Org inwww.Padasalai.Org the Deccan riots? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: The rioting was directed mostly at the Gujarat moneylenders.

2. The Revolt of 1857 www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orga) WhoPadasalai assaulted www.Padasalai.Orghiswww.Padasalai.Org officer, an incident thatwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org led to the outbreak of www.Padasalai.Org1857www.Padasalai.Org Revolt? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: Mangal Pandey. b) Who was proclaimed the Sahhensha-e-Hindustan in Delhi? Ans: Bahadur Shah II c) Who was the correspondent of London Times who reported on the brutality of the 1857 revolt? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: William Howardwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Russell. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org d) What did the Queen’s proclamation say on matters relating to religion? Ans: It said that the British government would not interfere in traditional institutions and religions matters. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 3. Indian National Congress

a) What were the techniques adopted by the Congress to get its grievances redressed? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgAns: Appeals, petitionswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org and delegation towww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Britain. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org b) What do you know of Lal-Bal-Pal triumvirate? Ans: Lala Lajpat Rai of Punjab, Bala Gangadhar Tilak of Maharashtra and Bipin Chandra Pal of Bengal were three prominent leaders during the Swadeshi period and were referred to as Lal-Bal-Pal triumvirate. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgc) Where was the www.Padasalai.Orgfirstwww.Padasalai.Org session of Indian Nationalwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Congress held? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Ans: Bombay (Mumbai)

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org d) How did the British respond to the Swadeshi Movement? Ans: i).The British brutally crushed the Swadeshi Movement by jailing prominent leaders for long spells of imprisonment. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgii). Revolutionarieswww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org were hanged to death.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org The press was crushed.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

VII. Answer in detail : 1. Discuss the causes and consequences of the Revolt of 1857 www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org the causes: www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org i).The precursor to the revolt was the circulation of rumors about the cartridges of the new Enfield rifle. ii).There was strong suspicion that the new cartridges had been greased with cow and pig fat. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiii).The cartridge hadwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org to be bitten off beforewww.Padasalai.Org loadingwww.Padasalai.Org (pork is forbiddenwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org to the Muslims and thewww.Padasalai.Org cowwww.Padasalai.Org is sacred to a large section of Hindus). iv).On 29 March a sepoy named MangalPandey assaulted hi s European officer. v) His fellow soldiers refused to arrest him when ordered to do so. vi).Mangal Pandey along with others were court-martialled and hanged www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgThis only fuelled thewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org anger and in the followingwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org days there were increasingwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org incidents of disobedience.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org vii).Burning and arson were reported from the army cantonments in Ambala, Lucknow, and Meerut.

Consequences: www.Padasalai.Orgi). By the Governmentwww.Padasalai.Org of India Act of 1858,www.Padasalai.Org the rule of East India Companywww.Padasalai.Org came to an endwww.Padasalai.Org in India www.Padasalai.Organd India camewww.Padasalai.Org under the direct control www.Padasalai.Orgof the British Crown. www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org ii). Queen Victoria’s Proclamation was issued. iii). It was said that the British government would not interfere in traditional institutions and religious matters. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgiv). It was promisedwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgthat Indians would be givenwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org more job opportunities.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org v).The Indian army was thoroughly re-organised. vi). Indians were restrained from holding important ranks and position.

2. How did the people of Bengal respond to the partition of Bengal (1905)? www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Padasalaiwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org i). When the partition of Bengal was proposed the people of Bengal protested against it through prayers, press, campaigns, petitions and public meetings. ii). Instead of dividing the Bengali people along the religious line, the partition of Bengal united www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgthem all. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iii).The partition of Bengal angered both the moderates and the extremists. iv). They decided to boycott British goods. v). Swadeshi movement was started. It aimed at the cancellation of partition of Bengal. vi). The moderates were very much against utilizing the campaign to start a full fledged passive www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgresistance. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org vii). But the extremists were in favour of extending the movement beyond Bengal and to initiate a full scale mass struggle. viii). The day on which Bengal was partitioned was declared as the day of mourning. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgix). Thousands of peoplewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org took bath in Riverwww.Padasalai.Org Gangawww.Padasalai.Org and marched onwww.Padasalai.Org thewww.Padasalai.Org streets of Calcutta singingwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org Bande Mataram.

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 3. Attempt a narrative account of how Tilak and Annie Besant by launching Home Rule Movement sustained the Indian freedom struggle until 1916. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgi). In the First Worldwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org War the Indians supportedwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org the British hopingwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgthat at the end of the www.Padasalai.Orgwar,www.Padasalai.Org they would be rewarded with self government. ii). But after the war nothing was said by the British about self government. It led to a fresh call for the mass movement to pressurize the British government. iii). The rising popularity of Annie Besant compelled the moderates to put up a common front against www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgthe colonial government.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org iv). In the Lucknow session the militant nationlists were admitted to the Congress. v). In 1916 Titak set up the first Home Rule League in April 1916. vi). In September 1916 Annie Besant started the Home Rule League without the support of the www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.OrgCongress. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org vii). Both the Leagues worked independently for self government viii). Extensive propaganda was carried on through press, speeches, public meetings, lectures, discussions and touring in favour of self government. ix). Young people were enrolled in large number in the Leagues. www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgx) The Leagues werewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org extended to rural areas.www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

TIME LINE www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org 1905 - Partition of Bengal / Swadeshi Movement 1906 - Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company was Started 1916 - Home Rule League / Lucknow Pact www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org1917 - Champaranwww.Padasalai.Org Satyagrahawww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 1918 - Kheda Satyagraha 1919 - Rowlatt Act / Jalianwalah Bagh Massacre 1920 - Khilafat Movement / Non-Cooperation Movement 1922 - Chauri Chaura incident www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org1923 -Padasalai The formationwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org of Swaraj Party www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 1927 - The appointment of the Simon Commission 1928 - Motilal Nehru Report 1929 - The Lahore Congress Session www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org1930 - Salt Satyagrahawww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org / First Round Tablewww.Padasalai.Org Conferencewww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 1931 - Gandhi-Irwin Pact / Second Round Table Conference 1932 - Communal Award / Poona Pact / Third Round Table Conference 1935 - The Government of India Act 1937 - First Congress Ministry in Provinces www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org1940 - August Offerwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Org/ Individual Satyagrahawww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org 1942 - Cripps Mission / Quit India Movement 1945 - Wavell Plan / Simla Conference 1946 - RIN Revolt / Cabinet Mission / Interim Government www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org1947 - Mountbattenwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.OrgPlan / India won Independencewww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org www.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Orgwww.Padasalai.Org

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