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Improving the Resilience of Tourism in Al-Quds: the Way Forward for a Competitive Destination Management

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Improving the Resilience of Tourism in Al-Quds: the Way Forward for a Competitive Destination Management Improving the Resilience of Tourism in Al-Quds: The Way Forward for a Competitive Destination Management COMCEC Coordination Office April 2021 This report was prepared under COMCEC Al-Quds Program. This report has been commissioned by the COMCEC Coordination Office to the team led by Mr. H. Melih ARAL with the contributions of Mr. Nezih İŞÇİ, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Uğur ÇALIŞKAN and Prof. Dr. Süleyman TOY. Views and opinions expressed in the report are solely those of the authors and do not represent the official views of the COMCEC Coordination Office (CCO) or the Member Countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the COMCEC/CCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its political regime or frontiers or boundaries. Designations such as “developed,” “industrialized” and “developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the state reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The mention of firm names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by COMCEC and/or CCO. The final version of the report is available at the COMCEC website*. Excerpts from the report can be made as long as references are provided. All intellectual and industrial property rights for the report belong to the CCO. This report is for individual use and it shall not be used for commercial purposes. Except for purposes of individual use, this report shall not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including printing, photocopying, CD recording, or by any physical or electronic reproduction system, or translated and provided to the access of any subscriber through electronic means for commercial purposes without the permission of the CCO. For further information, please contact: COMCEC Coordination Office Necatibey Caddesi No:110/A 06100 Yücetepe Ankara/TURKEY Phone: 90 312 294 57 10 Fax: 90 312 294 57 77 Web: www.comcec.org *E-book: http://ebook.comcec.org ISBN No: 978-605-7751-06-5 i Table of Contents List of Tables .................................................................................................................... V List of Figures ................................................................................................................. VI Message from the CCO Director General ......................................................................... 1 Preface ............................................................................................................................... 2 Foreword ........................................................................................................................... 3 1. Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... 4 2. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 14 3. Methods of the Study .................................................................................................. 18 4. Background Information on Palestine and Al Quds ................................................... 22 4.1. Palestine ........................................................................................................ 22 4.1.1. History ............................................................................................. 22 4.1.2. Economy .......................................................................................... 28 4.2. Al Quds ......................................................................................................... 31 4.2.1. Economy .......................................................................................... 33 4.3. Tourism ......................................................................................................... 34 4.3.1. National Figures .............................................................................. 40 4.3.2. Figures of Al Quds and Comparisons with Other Palestinian Regions ............................................................................................ 51 5. Supply Analysis and Demand Analysis...................................................................... 58 5.1. Tourist Opinions ............................................................................................ 58 5.1.1. Analysis of Comments on Online Reservation Sites....................... 58 5.1.2. Performance Analysis...................................................................... 63 5.2. Opinions of Tourism Stakeholders ................................................................ 70 5.2.1. Opinions of International Tour Operators ....................................... 71 5.2.2. Opinions of Local Stakeholders ...................................................... 75 5.3. Environmental Analysis: SWOT and PEST Analyzes and TOWS Matrix ... 87 5.3.1. Strengths .......................................................................................... 88 5.3.2. Weaknesses ..................................................................................... 89 5.3.3. Opportunities ................................................................................... 93 5.3.4. Threats ............................................................................................. 94 5.3.5. Horizontal Issue: COVID-19 Pandemic .......................................... 96 6. Value Chain Analysis ............................................................................................... 104 6.1. Tourist's Experience Approach ................................................................... 105 ii 6.1.1. Pre-Trip (Decision/Planning/Travel Organization and Booking) . 105 6.1.2. On Trip .......................................................................................... 107 6.1.3. Post – Trip ..................................................................................... 107 6.2. Value Chain of Tourism in Al Quds ........................................................... 108 6.2.1. Pre-Trip Actors .............................................................................. 109 6.2.2. On – Trip Actors............................................................................ 115 6.2.3. Post Trip ........................................................................................ 118 6.3. Clues from Tourism Value Chain Analysis in Al Quds towards a DMO Structure ...................................................................................................... 119 7. Benchmarking ........................................................................................................... 122 7.1. Shri Badarinath Dhaam (Pilgrimage Destination on the Route of Char Dhaam Yatra) .............................................................................................. 124 7.1.1. Political Condition ......................................................................... 124 7.1.2. Economic Situation ....................................................................... 125 7.1.3. Social Structure ............................................................................. 130 7.1.4. Technical/Technological Infrastructure ........................................ 130 7.1.5. Organization of Destination Management in Uttarakhand State ... 130 7.2. Sri Pada ....................................................................................................... 132 7.2.1. Political Condition ......................................................................... 132 7.2.2. Economic Situation ....................................................................... 133 7.2.3. Social Structure ............................................................................. 137 7.2.4. Organization of Destination Management in Sri Pada and Sri Lanka ............................................................................................. 138 7.3. Santiago de Compostela (Old Town) .......................................................... 139 7.3.1. Political Condition ......................................................................... 139 7.3.2. Economic Situation ....................................................................... 141 7.3.3. Social Structure ............................................................................. 143 7.3.4. Organization of Destination Management in Santiago de Compostela .................................................................................... 144 7.4. Results of the Benchmarking Analyses ....................................................... 145 7.4.1. Politic............................................................................................. 145 7.4.2. Economic ....................................................................................... 146 7.4.3. Social ............................................................................................. 146 7.4.4. Technical / Technological ............................................................. 147 7.5. Lessons for Al Quds .................................................................................... 147 8. Needs Assessment .................................................................................................... 151 8.1. Infrastructural Needs ..................................................................................
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