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Leveled Reading Research Activities Presentation Leveled Reading
Leveled Reading Research Activities Presentation ATI RE VE C K R A A A A L L L L E C C C C C N S C I E Editable Presentation hosted on Google Slides. Click to Download. Description Habitat & Range ● ● ● ● ● Stingray ● Unique Characteristics Reproduction Diet ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Predators, Threats & Status Conservation Organizations Extended Video ● ● ● ● red Stingray - Species Profile - Description A red stingray is a cartilaginous fish in the ray family. This means it does not have bones, but instead has cartilage. It is one of over 600 recognized ray species. The red stingray can grow to 6 feet long and is known to weight up to 24 pounds. It has a pectoral fin disc that is diamond-shaped and is wider rather than longer. It gets its name from the coloration on its dorsal and ventral surfaces. Habitat & Range The red stingray is native to the northwestern Pacific Ocean and is found throughout coastal waters throughout Japan. They are commonly seen in sandy areas but also inhabit coral reefs and muddy flats. Unique Characteristics Their venomous tail spine is considered toxic to humans, but not fatal. Some ancient Japanese cultures have used the dried tail spine as a weapon because of its toxicity. Additionally, ancient dentists have used stingray venom to numb patients. Reproduction wild Facts Scientific The litter size of the red stingray is only between 1 and 10. Dasyatis akajei Name During courtship, males will follow females and bite at their pectoral fin disc using their pointed teeth. Then, once they gain a Weight 15 – 24 lbs solid grip they begin to mate. -
Bibliography Database of Living/Fossil Sharks, Rays and Chimaeras (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) Papers of the Year 2016
www.shark-references.com Version 13.01.2017 Bibliography database of living/fossil sharks, rays and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) Papers of the year 2016 published by Jürgen Pollerspöck, Benediktinerring 34, 94569 Stephansposching, Germany and Nicolas Straube, Munich, Germany ISSN: 2195-6499 copyright by the authors 1 please inform us about missing papers: [email protected] www.shark-references.com Version 13.01.2017 Abstract: This paper contains a collection of 803 citations (no conference abstracts) on topics related to extant and extinct Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, and chimaeras) as well as a list of Chondrichthyan species and hosted parasites newly described in 2016. The list is the result of regular queries in numerous journals, books and online publications. It provides a complete list of publication citations as well as a database report containing rearranged subsets of the list sorted by the keyword statistics, extant and extinct genera and species descriptions from the years 2000 to 2016, list of descriptions of extinct and extant species from 2016, parasitology, reproduction, distribution, diet, conservation, and taxonomy. The paper is intended to be consulted for information. In addition, we provide information on the geographic and depth distribution of newly described species, i.e. the type specimens from the year 1990- 2016 in a hot spot analysis. Please note that the content of this paper has been compiled to the best of our abilities based on current knowledge and practice, however, -
Shark Cartilage, Cancer and the Growing Threat of Pseudoscience
[CANCER RESEARCH 64, 8485–8491, December 1, 2004] Review Shark Cartilage, Cancer and the Growing Threat of Pseudoscience Gary K. Ostrander,1 Keith C. Cheng,2 Jeffrey C. Wolf,3 and Marilyn J. Wolfe3 1Department of Biology and Department of Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; 2Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; and 3Registry of Tumors in Lower Animals, Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Sterling, Virginia Abstract primary justification for using crude shark cartilage extracts to treat cancer is based on the misconception that sharks do not, or infre- The promotion of crude shark cartilage extracts as a cure for cancer quently, develop cancer. Other justifications represent overextensions has contributed to at least two significant negative outcomes: a dramatic of experimental observations: concentrated extracts of cartilage can decline in shark populations and a diversion of patients from effective cancer treatments. An alleged lack of cancer in sharks constitutes a key inhibit tumor vessel formation and tumor invasions (e.g., refs. 2–5). justification for its use. Herein, both malignant and benign neoplasms of No available data or arguments support the medicinal use of crude sharks and their relatives are described, including previously unreported shark extracts to treat cancer (6). cases from the Registry of Tumors in Lower Animals, and two sharks with The claims that sharks do not, or rarely, get cancer was originally two cancers each. Additional justifications for using shark cartilage are argued by I. William Lane in a book entitled “Sharks Don’t Get illogical extensions of the finding of antiangiogenic and anti-invasive Cancer” in 1992 (7), publicized in “60 Minutes” television segments substances in cartilage. -
Species Bathytoshia Brevicaudata (Hutton, 1875)
FAMILY Dasyatidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1879 - stingrays SUBFAMILY Dasyatinae Jordan & Gilbert, 1879 - stingrays [=Trygonini, Dasybatidae, Dasybatidae G, Brachiopteridae] GENUS Bathytoshia Whitley, 1933 - stingrays Species Bathytoshia brevicaudata (Hutton, 1875) - shorttail stingray, smooth stingray Species Bathytoshia centroura (Mitchill, 1815) - roughtail stingray Species Bathytoshia lata (Garman, 1880) - brown stingray Species Bathytoshia multispinosa (Tokarev, in Linbergh & Legheza, 1959) - Japanese bathytoshia ray GENUS Dasyatis Rafinesque, 1810 - stingrays Species Dasyatis chrysonota (Smith, 1828) - blue stingray Species Dasyatis hastata (DeKay, 1842) - roughtail stingray Species Dasyatis hypostigma Santos & Carvalho, 2004 - groovebelly stingray Species Dasyatis marmorata (Steindachner, 1892) - marbled stingray Species Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) - common stingray Species Dasyatis tortonesei Capapé, 1975 - Tortonese's stingray GENUS Hemitrygon Muller & Henle, 1838 - stingrays Species Hemitrygon akajei (Muller & Henle, 1841) - red stingray Species Hemitrygon bennettii (Muller & Henle, 1841) - Bennett's stingray Species Hemitrygon fluviorum (Ogilby, 1908) - estuary stingray Species Hemitrygon izuensis (Nishida & Nakaya, 1988) - Izu stingray Species Hemitrygon laevigata (Chu, 1960) - Yantai stingray Species Hemitrygon laosensis (Roberts & Karnasuta, 1987) - Mekong freshwater stingray Species Hemitrygon longicauda (Last & White, 2013) - Merauke stingray Species Hemitrygon navarrae (Steindachner, 1892) - blackish stingray Species -
Extinction Risk and Conservation of the World's Sharks and Rays
RESEARCH ARTICLE elife.elifesciences.org Extinction risk and conservation of the world’s sharks and rays Nicholas K Dulvy1,2*, Sarah L Fowler3, John A Musick4, Rachel D Cavanagh5, Peter M Kyne6, Lucy R Harrison1,2, John K Carlson7, Lindsay NK Davidson1,2, Sonja V Fordham8, Malcolm P Francis9, Caroline M Pollock10, Colin A Simpfendorfer11,12, George H Burgess13, Kent E Carpenter14,15, Leonard JV Compagno16, David A Ebert17, Claudine Gibson3, Michelle R Heupel18, Suzanne R Livingstone19, Jonnell C Sanciangco14,15, John D Stevens20, Sarah Valenti3, William T White20 1IUCN Species Survival Commission Shark Specialist Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada; 2Earth to Ocean Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada; 3IUCN Species Survival Commission Shark Specialist Group, NatureBureau International, Newbury, United Kingdom; 4Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, United States; 5British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 6Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia; 7Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service, Panama City, United States; 8Shark Advocates International, The Ocean Foundation, Washington, DC, United States; 9National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand; 10Global Species Programme, International Union for the Conservation -
Phylogeography of the Indowest Pacific Maskrays
Phylogeography of the Indo-West Pacific maskrays (Dasyatidae, Neotrygon): a complex example of chondrichthyan radiation in the Cenozoic Melody Puckridge1,2, Peter R. Last2, William T. White2 & Nikos Andreakis3 1Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia 2Wealth from Oceans Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia 3Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No. 3, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia Keywords Abstract Biodiversity hotspot, cryptic species, marine speciation, maskray, Neotrygon, Maskrays of the genus Neotrygon (Dasyatidae) have dispersed widely in the phylogeography. Indo-West Pacific being represented largely by an assemblage of narrow-ranging coastal endemics. Phylogenetic reconstruction methods reproduced nearly iden- Correspondence tical and statistically robust topologies supporting the monophyly of the genus Melody Puckridge, IMAS, University of Neotrygon within the family Dasyatidae, the genus Taeniura being consistently Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart TAS 7001, basal to Neotrygon, and Dasyatis being polyphyletic to the genera Taeniurops Australia. Tel: +613-6232-5222; Fax: +613- and Pteroplatytrygon. The Neotrygon kuhlii complex, once considered to be an 6226-2973; E-mail: [email protected] assemblage of color variants of the same biological species, is the most derived Funding Information and widely dispersed subgroup of the genus. Mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and This study received financial support through nuclear (RAG1) phylogenies used in synergy with molecular dating identified the University of Tasmania, the paleoclimatic fluctuations responsible for periods of vicariance and dispersal Commonwealth Environment Research promoting population fragmentation and speciation in Neotrygon. Signatures of Facilities (CERF) Marine Biodiversity Hub and population differentiation exist in N. -
Third International Symposium on Mangroves As Fish Habitat Abstracts*
Bull Mar Sci. 96(3):539–560. 2020 abstracts https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2019.0047 Third International Symposium on Mangroves as Fish Habitat Abstracts* COMMUNITY COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN RELATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES AND SEASONALITY IN A TROPICAL MANGROVE ESTUARY, MALAYSIA by ABU HENA MK, Saifullah ASM, Idris MH, Rajaee AH, Rahman MM.—Phytoplankton are the base of the aquatic food chain from which energy is transferred to higher organisms. The community and abundance of phytoplankton in a tropical mangrove estuary were examined in Sarawak, Malaysia. Monthly-collected data from January 2013 to December 2013 was pooled into seasons to examine the influence of seasonality. The estuary was relatively species-rich and a total of 102 species under 43 genera were recorded, comprising 6 species of Cyanophyceae, 4 species of Chlorophyceae, 63 species of Bacillariophyceae, and 29 species of Dinophyceae. The mean abundance (cells L−1) of phytoplankton was found in the following order: Bacillariophyceae > Dinophyceae > Cyanophyceae > Chlorophyceae. Mean abundance of phytoplankton ranged from 5694 to 88,890 cells L−1 over the study period, with a higher value in the dry season. Species recorded from the estuary were dominated by Pleurosigma normanii, Coscinodiscus sp., Coscinodiscus centralis, Coscinodiscus granii, Dinophysis caudata, Ceratium carriense, Ceratium fusus, and Ceratium lineatum. Abundance of phytoplankton was positively influenced by chlorophyll a (R = 0.69), ammonium (R = 0.64), and silica (R = 0.64). Significant differences (ANOSIM and NMDS) were observed in the species community structure between the intermediate and wet season. The species assemblages were positively correlated with surface water temperature, salinity, pH, ammonium, and nitrate in the intermediate and dry season toward larger species composition in the respective seasons, whereas silica influenced species assemblage in the wet season. -
Stingray Bay: Media Kit
STINGRAY BAY: MEDIA KIT Stingray Bay has been the talk of the town! What is it? Columbus Zoo and Aquarium guests and members will now have the opportunity to see stingrays up close and to touch these majestic creatures! The Stingray Bay experience will encourage visitors to interact with the Zoo’s brand new school of stingrays by watching these beautiful animals “fly” through the water and dipping their hands in the water to come in contact with them. Where is located? Located in Jungle Jack’s Landing near Zoombezi Bay, Stingray Bay will feature an 18,000-gallon saltwater pool for stingrays to call home. Staff and volunteers will monitor the pool, inform guests about the best ways to touch the animals and answer questions when the exhibit opens daily at 10 a.m. What types of stingrays call Stingray Bay home? Dozens of cownose and southern stingrays will glide though the waters of Stingray Bay. Educational interpreters will explain the role of these stingrays in the environment. Stingrays are typically bottom feeders with molar-like teeth used to crush the shells of their prey such as crustaceans, mollusks, and other invertebrates. I’m excited to touch the stingrays, but is it safe? Absolutely! The rays barbs have been carefully trimmed off their whip-like tails. The painless procedure is similar to cutting human fingernails. Safe for all ages, the landscaped pool features a waterfall and a wide ledge for toddlers to lean against when touching the rays. This sounds cool! How much does it cost? Admission to Stingray Bay is free for Columbus Zoo and Aquarium Gold Members and discounted for Members. -
Checklist of Philippine Chondrichthyes
CSIRO MARINE LABORATORIES Report 243 CHECKLIST OF PHILIPPINE CHONDRICHTHYES Compagno, L.J.V., Last, P.R., Stevens, J.D., and Alava, M.N.R. May 2005 CSIRO MARINE LABORATORIES Report 243 CHECKLIST OF PHILIPPINE CHONDRICHTHYES Compagno, L.J.V., Last, P.R., Stevens, J.D., and Alava, M.N.R. May 2005 Checklist of Philippine chondrichthyes. Bibliography. ISBN 1 876996 95 1. 1. Chondrichthyes - Philippines. 2. Sharks - Philippines. 3. Stingrays - Philippines. I. Compagno, Leonard Joseph Victor. II. CSIRO. Marine Laboratories. (Series : Report (CSIRO. Marine Laboratories) ; 243). 597.309599 1 CHECKLIST OF PHILIPPINE CHONDRICHTHYES Compagno, L.J.V.1, Last, P.R.2, Stevens, J.D.2, and Alava, M.N.R.3 1 Shark Research Center, South African Museum, Iziko–Museums of Cape Town, PO Box 61, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa 2 CSIRO Marine Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia 3 Species Conservation Program, WWF-Phils., Teachers Village, Central Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines (former address) ABSTRACT Since the first publication on Philippines fishes in 1706, naturalists and ichthyologists have attempted to define and describe the diversity of this rich and biogeographically important fauna. The emphasis has been on fishes generally but these studies have also contributed greatly to our knowledge of chondrichthyans in the region, as well as across the broader Indo–West Pacific. An annotated checklist of cartilaginous fishes of the Philippines is compiled based on historical information and new data. A Taiwanese deepwater trawl survey off Luzon in 1995 produced specimens of 15 species including 12 new records for the Philippines and a few species new to science. -
Malaysia National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Shark (Plan2)
MALAYSIA NATIONAL PLAN OF ACTION FOR THE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SHARK (PLAN2) DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRO-BASED INDUSTRY MALAYSIA 2014 First Printing, 2014 Copyright Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 2014 All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the Department of Fisheries Malaysia. Published in Malaysia by Department of Fisheries Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry Malaysia, Level 1-6, Wisma Tani Lot 4G2, Precinct 4, 62628 Putrajaya Malaysia Telephone No. : 603 88704000 Fax No. : 603 88891233 E-mail : [email protected] Website : http://dof.gov.my Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data ISBN 978-983-9819-99-1 This publication should be cited as follows: Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 2014. Malaysia National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Shark (Plan 2), Ministry of Agriculture and Agro- based Industry Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia. 50pp SUMMARY Malaysia has been very supportive of the International Plan of Action for Sharks (IPOA-SHARKS) developed by FAO that is to be implemented voluntarily by countries concerned. This led to the development of Malaysia’s own National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Shark or NPOA-Shark (Plan 1) in 2006. The successful development of Malaysia’s second National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Shark (Plan 2) is a manifestation of her renewed commitment to the continuous improvement of shark conservation and management measures in Malaysia. -
A Preliminary Global Assessment of the Status of Exploited Marine Fish and Invertebrate Populations
A PRELIMINARY GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF THE STATUS OF EXPLOITED MARINE FISH AND INVERTEBRATE POPULATIONS June 30 2018 A PRELIMINARY GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF THE STATUS OF EXPLOITED MARINE FISH AND INVERTEBRATE POPULATIONS Maria. L.D. Palomares, Rainer Froese, Brittany Derrick, Simon-Luc Nöel, Gordon Tsui Jessika Woroniak Daniel Pauly A report prepared by the Sea Around Us for OCEANA June 30, 2018 A PRELIMINARY GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF THE STATUS OF EXPLOITED MARINE FISH AND INVERTEBRATE POPULATIONS Maria L.D. Palomares1, Rainer Froese2, Brittany Derrick1, Simon-Luc Nöel1, Gordon Tsui1, Jessika Woroniak1 and Daniel Pauly1 CITE AS: Palomares MLD, Froese R, Derrick B, Nöel S-L, Tsui G, Woroniak J, Pauly D (2018) A preliminary global assessment of the status of exploited marine fish and invertebrate populations. A report prepared by the Sea Around Us for OCEANA. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, p. 64. 1 Sea Around Us, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver BC V6T1Z4 Canada 2 Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research GEOMAR, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 3 − Reconstructed catches vs official catches 3 − Marine Ecoregions vs EEZs 3 − The CMSY method 5 Results and Discussion 7 − Stock summaries reports 9 − Problematic stocks and sources of bias 14 − Stocks in the countries where OCEANA operates 22 − Stock assessments on the Sea Around Us website 31 − The next steps 32 Acknowledgements 33 References 34 Appendices I. List of marine ecoregions by EEZ 37 II. Summaries of number of stock by region and 49 by continent III. -
Age and Growth of the Endemic Xingu River Stingray Potamotrygon Leopoldi Validated Using Fluorescent Dyes
Journal of Fish Biology (2018) 92, 1985–1999 doi:10.1111/jfb.13635, available online at wileyonlinelibrary.com Age and growth of the endemic Xingu River stingray Potamotrygon leopoldi validated using fluorescent dyes P. Charvet*, F. M. Santana†,K.L.DeLima‡ and R. Lessa‡§ *Departamento de Ecologia e Sistemática (CCEN), Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, CEP 58051-090, Brazil, †Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada (UAST), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Serra Talhada, PE, CEP 56903-970, Brazil and ‡Departamento de Pesca e Aqüicultura (DEPAq), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, CEP 52171-900, Brazil (Received 22 December 2017, Accepted 5 April 2018) Between 2003 and 2005, vertebrae of 151 Xingu River Potamotrygon leopoldi (Potamotrygonidae) (75 males and 76 females) were analysed to derive a growth curve for this species. The disc width (WD) was significantly different between sexes, with females measuring 149–700 mm WD and males 109–500 mm WD. The average percentage error for vertebrae readings of the whole sample was 2·7%. The marginal increment ratio (RMI) showed an increasing trend with the highest value in November, decreasing from December on. The majority of vertebrae displaying RMI zero, occurred in September, but the annual periodicity of ring deposition throughout the year was not conclusive. Tetracycline (TCN) injected specimens were held in captivity for 13 months and displayed a fluorescent mark in vertebrae confirming a yearly periodicity of band pair formation with the translucent ring deposited in September–October. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) showed that, among the seven models considered, the best fit was obtained for the von Bertalanffy modified with W0 (where W0 = WD at birth) for both sexes.