DOCSLIB.ORG

Featured Articles

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Featured Articles Featured Articles 64 Asian Steel Watch 66 Legacy from Europe’s Restructuring Experiences and Its Implications to the Asian Steel Industry Hou Jie 80 The Korean Steel Industry in Retrospect: Lessons for Developing Countries Chung, Cheol-Ho, Dong-Cheol Sa 92 Learning from the Experiences of the Japanese Steel Industry in the Lost Decades Lee Jin-woo Vol.04 December 2017 65 Featured Articles Legacy from Europe’s Restructuring Experiences and Its Implications to the Asian Steel Industry Hou Jie Senior researcher, HBIS International [email protected] Europe has been at the forefront of the develop- the then head of Eurofer, concept of restructuring ment of the global steel industry over the past 200 contains two aspects. Firstly, restructuring means years. Its steel industry has enjoyed great success a permanent and continuous process where steel in a variety of areas and, as well, witnessed both producers make efforts to strengthen competitive- booms and depressions during such a long-time ness, ensure long-term profitability, and improve evolution. In particular, the restructuring experi- cost management and process-and-product in- ence following the steel demand peak in the mid- novation in an ever-changing world. Secondly, in 1970s has been widely viewed as a classic case particular, restructuring means specific measures in terms of industry governance. Studying what in order to meet the dangers and challenges of a happened during the restructuring process could temporary crisis. The European steel restructuring hopefully help facilitate the steel industry restruc- experiences in the 1970s discussed in this paper turing in the emerging economies including Asia. are more of the second type. The word restructuring Evolution of the European steel industry European is sometimes misleading As shown in Figure 1, the evolution of the Europe- steel industry and ambiguous since an steel industry exhibited different trajectories in restructuring people can restructure different periods. in retrospect the production location, • Golden age (1945-1973): Over the period concentration, product from 1945 to 1973, the steel industry was badly mix, or human resources. destroyed in the Second World War, but enjoyed Even M&A could be regarded as some kind of re- a golden age from 1946 to 1973 with crude steel structuring. What do we mean when we talk about production growing from less than 30 Mt to restructuring? According to Mr. Dietrich v. Hülsen, over 180 Mt. This was mainly driven by post-war 66 Asian Steel Watch Legacy from Europe’s Restructuring Experiences and Its Implications to the Asian Steel Industry Figure 1. Crude Steel Production in EU-15 since 1945 Consolidation (Mt) Overcapacity and ongoing and restructuring 200 restructuring 180 Golden age 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1945 1948 1951 1954 1957 1960 1963 1966 1969 1972 1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 Source: worldsteel construction, manufacturing boom, and other 30 years after World WarⅡ. Since the 1973 oil steel-intensive industries. crisis when steel demand peaked, the steel indus- • Overcapacity and restructuring (1974-1988): try experienced a long, hard and costly restruc- The European steel industry faced several periods turing process. This restructuring process could of massive restructuring after rapid expansion. be roughly divided into three phases, according to Sets of measures from national governments the different focuses in different period. The first and the European Union were adopted to cut phase was at the beginning of the restructuring excessive capacity and employment and hence to when national financial supports were provided improve efficiency and profitability. to the suffering industry and then the second on • Privatization/consolidation and ongoing capacity cuts and redundancy reductions. This restructuring (1988 to 2008): Privatization and phase was the most dramatic period in terms of consolidation started as the steel industry was magnitude of capacity cuts, laid-offs, and labor streamlined. Privatization started in the Great productivity improvement. Moreover, this phase Britain as British Steel Corporation was sold, and helped streamline the EU steel industry and then followed by its western European peers. offered favorable conditions for further restruc- Consolidation moved from national level to Eu- turing programs as external economic conditions ropean level and finally to global level. Now three improved and liberalization programs were in big market players are in place in Europe, Arce- place. The last phase focused on changes in own- lorMittal, ThyssenKrupp, and Tata Europe. ership, initiated by the British steel industry, and then about consolidation and rationalization. Restructuring history of the European steel in- This is a general picture of what happened in the dustry European steel industry during the restructuring The steel industry in Europe expanded rapidly for period. As the first oil crisis broke out in 1973, Vol.04 December 2017 67 Featured Articles restructuring in the steel industry means to take prices, concentrations, and movement of labor specific measures to rebalance steel demand and were specified. It was worthy to note that when supply; when the crisis was over, the steel indus- a manifest crisis was declared, such emergency try restructured itself again in a continuous man- measures as production quota, minimum price, ner. and import restrictions might be implemented in the steel industry within the ECSC. Institutional arrange- Post-war ments Crude steel production and capacity expansion background During such a golden The European steel industry expanded massively age, steel was regarded from 1946 to 1973, driven by post-war recon- as a strategic product. struction, manufacturing boom, and urbaniza- The Treaty of Paris and tion. Generally, crude steel production in the EU- Treaty of Rome were 15 in 1974 was seven times that of 1946. Its share signed, and the European Coal and Steel Com- in the world represented a little more than 31%. munity (ECSC) was created on April 18, 1951 Four biggest producers were Germany, UK, France and put into force on July 23, 1952 in order to and Italy, among which the former FR Germany manage coal and steel, for the very purpose of witnessed the most dramatic progress from less a peaceful, united, and prosperous Europe. The than 5 Mt in 1946 to over 50 Mt in 1973. validity period of this treaty lasted 50 years untill As the book 50 Years of the ECSC Treaty Coal 2002. Member states included German Federal and Steel Statistics: data 1952-2002 indicates, Republic, the Kingdom of Belgium, the French investment in the iron and steel industry in the Republic, the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchess ECSC’s original six countries grew from 544.7 of Luxembourg, and the Kingdom of the Nether- million ECU in 1952 to over 2620 million ECU in lands. By 1954, nearly all trade barriers for coal, 1973. Crude steel capacity in these six countries coke, pig iron, and steel had been removed among rose from 63 Mt in 1957 to 145 Mt in 1973. The those member states of the ECSC. magnitude of expansion in investment, capacity, This was the first time for Europe to come up and crude steel production was unprecedented in with a generally binding supranational agreement the Europe. for development of the coal and steel industry. Within the ECSC, High Authority, Common As- Oil crisis as a trigger sembly, Special Council, and Court of Justice were As the industry boomed, an unexpected oil crisis instituted. The High Authority was empowered (see Figure 2) brought such momentum to a halt to assure the fulfillment of the ECSC purposes. in steel demand in 1973. Nowadays, people sided Besides these institutions, guidelines concerning with the argument that the mid-1970s marked a investments and financial assistance, production, turning point for the European steel industry as 68 Asian Steel Watch Legacy from Europe’s Restructuring Experiences and Its Implications to the Asian Steel Industry Figure 2. Oil Prices and GDP Growth Rate from 1968 to 1988 Oil Price (real; May 2016 LHS) France GDP growth dollar/barrel UK GDP growth Germany GDP growth (%) 120 7 5.75 5.93 5.55 6 100 3.71 5 4 80 2.67 2.58 3.71 3 60 1.40 2 1 40 0 -1 20 -2 0 -3 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 Source: EIA, World Bank the oil shock led to an economic recession. The overoptimistic about the future demand. Regard- saturated steel market led to a dramatic decrease less of the contraction in steel demand, new steel- in demand among industrialized economies, and making capacity was still excessively installed the changing competitive landscape in the steel because people expected this demand decline to industry between Europe and newly industri- be a cyclical rather than structural change. alizing countries imposed some influences on imports and exports among those countries. At Three phases in the re- that time, however, many specialists, especially Reaction structuring process those from the industry tended to believe such a to the crisis The European steel crisis was cyclical and market conditions would industry was forced to surely improve in the years to come. Based on react to the crisis and such assumptions, more resources like capital the reaction lasted about and supportive policies were poured into the 15 years from 1974 to steel industry that was then suffering from ex- 1988. The reaction could be sub-divided into cessive capacity, but few recognized this situa- three phases according to the difference in partic- tion or were willing to accept the changed market ipants and focuses. situation as the public, including people working • First phase (1974-1977): This period was pri- in the steel industry, enjoyed or indulged them- marily focusing on national support for the steel selves in the pride such a heavy industry brought industry without European Union intervention; with it.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Real Estate Law the American Dream Transfigured Into the American Mortgage Crisis
    University of Central Florida STARS HIM 1990-2015 2012 Real estate law the American dream transfigured into the American mortgage crisis Maricruz Aguiar University of Central Florida Part of the Legal Studies Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses1990-2015 University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in HIM 1990-2015 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Aguiar, Maricruz, "Real estate law the American dream transfigured into the American mortgage crisis" (2012). HIM 1990-2015. 1243. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses1990-2015/1243 REAL ESTATE LAW: THE AMERICAN DREAM TRANSFIGURED INTO THE AMERICAN MORTGAGE CRISIS by MARYCRUZ AGUIAR A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Honors in the Major Program in Legal Studies in the College of Health and Public Affairs and in The Burnett Honors College at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term 2012 Thesis Chair: Dr. Gina Naccarato-Fromang ABSTRACT Real Estate law is the body of rules and regulations with legal codes that concern ownership, development and transactions. Real Estate has grown to be one of the main contributors to the nation’s financial system. For decades, the housing market has been such an integral part of the economy. Unfortunately, in the beginning of the twenty-first century lax regulatory oversight led the nation to an economic collapse. Indeed, federal, state and local governments have become heavily involved in solving the downward spiral in the economy.
    [Show full text]
  • American Working-Class Identity and Memory Within Transformations of Capitalism Andy Stec
    Hamline University DigitalCommons@Hamline Departmental Honors Projects College of Liberal Arts Spring 2019 “It’s in the Blood”: American Working-Class Identity and Memory within Transformations of Capitalism Andy Stec Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.hamline.edu/dhp Part of the Labor History Commons, and the Philosophy Commons Recommended Citation Stec, Andy, "“It’s in the Blood”: American Working-Class Identity and Memory within Transformations of Capitalism" (2019). Departmental Honors Projects. 85. https://digitalcommons.hamline.edu/dhp/85 This Honors Project is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Liberal Arts at DigitalCommons@Hamline. It has been accepted for inclusion in Departmental Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Hamline. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. “It’s in the Blood”: American Working-Class Identity and Memory within Transformations of Capitalism Andrew Joseph Stec An Honors Thesis Submitted for partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with honors in History and Philosophy from Hamline University April 2019 1 Acknowledgements 2 Scholarship on Postwar American Capitalism 7 Reacting to the Crisis of Keynesianism (1967-1990s) 8 In Retrospect to the Fall of Keynesianism (2000s) 25 Postwar American Capitalism in Transition 29 The Postwar Industrial Union 32 The Fall of Keynesianism: Alienation 37 The Fall of Keynesianism: End of Prosperity 39 National Malaise
    [Show full text]
  • Life Cycle Concept and Management Practice in Industry
    Life Cycle Concept and Management Practice in Industry E. RAZVIGOROVA and J. ACS: Editors PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP HELD IN SOFIA, BULGARIA "Life Cycle Theory and Management Practice" April 27-29,1987 NOT FOR QUOTATIOX WITHOUT PERMISS 10% OF THE ALTHOR LIFE CYCLE CONCEPT AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICE IN INDUSTRY E. Razvigorova and J. Acs Editors September 1988 WP-88-84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP HELD IN SOFIA, BULGARIA "Life Cycle Theory and Management Practice" April 27-29, 1987 INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED SYSTEMS ANALYSIS 2361 Laxenburg, Austria FOREWORD The papers included in these proceedings were presented at the workshop, "Life Cycle Theory and Management Practice," held in Sofia, April 27-29, 1987. The objective of this workshop was to discuss the main lines of the life cycle concept and its possible applications in manage- ment. Special emphasis was put on company level. The example of steel industry was used for in-depth discussions, but some con- clusions and illustrations from other industries (more or less related to steel) were also discussed. The continuing need to innovate and develop technologies and products and their diffusion usually necessitates many changes: in market position, both international and domestic; in produc- tivity and capacity utilization; in social impact and expecta- tions. The transition periods between different stages of this development are sometimes painful and difficult. How management succeeds in coping with change and how management itself changes with the dynamics of technology are important research questions. The workshop was designed in three main parts, which struc- ture is reflected in the design of the proceedings.
    [Show full text]
  • 83 20 March 2018
    sanity, humanity and science probably the world's most read economics journal real-world economics review Please click here to support this journal and the WEA - Subscribers: 26,369 subscribe RWER Blog ISSN 1755-9472 - A journal of the World Economics Association (WEA) 14,468 members, join - Sister open access journals: Economic Thought and World Social and Economic Review back issues Issue no. 83 20 March 2018 Ten years after the crisis: a lost decade? 2 Steven Pressman and Robert Scott The great marginalization: why twentieth century economists neglected inequality 20 Eli Cook Game Theory On the current state of game theory 35 Bernard Guerrien Why game theory never will be anything but a footnote in the history of social science 45 Lars Pålsson Syll Employment The creation of jobs 65 Michael Joffe Employment in a just economy 87 John Komlos Business Studies Managing the engines of value-creation 99 J.-C. Spender The effect of academic business studies in Germany and America in the 116 modern era Robert R. Locke Does the maximization principle break down during recessions? 138 Philip George From Bologna to Athens: the political economy of reforms in Europe 147 Yiannis Kokkinakis Book review essay The Vienna school of ecological economics 163 Katharine N. Farrell Board of Editors, past contributors, submissions, etc. 170 support this journal and the WEA visit the RWER Blog real-world economics review, issue no. 83 subscribe for free Ten years after the crisis: a lost decade? Steven Pressman and Robert Scott [Colorado State University and Monmouth University, USA] Copyright: Steven Pressman and Robert Scott 2018 You may post comments on this paper at https://rwer.wordpress.com/comments-on-rwer-issue-no-83/ Abstract The Great Recession was the most significant economic downturn since the Great Depression.
    [Show full text]
  • MONESSEN STEEL WORKS HAER No
    MONESSEN STEEL WORKS HAER No. PA-253 (Pittsburgh Steel Company, Monessen Works) On Monongahela River l4Acr> Monessen M/ife-lc Westmoreland County Pennsylvania US'- N\Q H^ PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA Historic American Engineering Record National' Park Service Department of the Interior P.O. Box 37127 Washington, D.C. 20013-7127 HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD MONESSEN STEEL WORKS (Pittsburgh Steel Company, Monessen Works) HAER No. PA-253 Location: On Monongahela River, Monessen, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania Date of Construction; 1901, 1916 Builder: Pittsburgh Steel Company Present Owner: Sharon Steel Company Present Use: Steel making Significance: One of several large steel making complexes in the Monongahela River Valley in southwestern Pennsylvania, the Pittsburgh Steel Company's Monessen Works grew from a rod and wire mill to a fully integrated steel making facility with its own coke operations, open hearth furnaces, blast furnaces, blooming and billet mills and, most recently, continuous bloom caster. The firm has been a major manufacturer of seamless tubing. Project Information: In February, 1987, the Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) and the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) began a multi-year historical and architectural documentation project in southwestern Pennsylvania. Carried out in conjunction with America's Industrial Heritage Project (AIHP), HAER undertook a comprehensive inventory of Westmoreland county to identify the region's surviving historic engineering works and industrial resources. Compiler: Gray Fitzsimons and Kenneth Rose, Editors MONESSEN STEEL WORKS HAER No. PA-253 (Page 2) DESCRIPTION: This large steel works is located at a bend in the Monongahela River, about forty miles by river from Pittsburgh.
    [Show full text]
  • Wage - Price Guidelines and Free Collective Bargaining
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1969 Wage - Price Guidelines and Free Collective Bargaining. John Hugh Abernathy Jr Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Abernathy, John Hugh Jr, "Wage - Price Guidelines and Free Collective Bargaining." (1969). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 1528. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/1528 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received ABERNATHY Jr., John Hugh, 1933- WAGE-PRICE GUIDELINES AND FREE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING. Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Ph.D., 1969 Economics, general University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan Wage-Price Guidelines and Free Collective Bargaining A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Economics by John Hugh Abernathy X « ~ - B.S., University of Alabama, 1958 M.S., University of Alabama, January 1969 PLEASE NOTE: Not original copy. Blurred and faint type on several pages. Filmed as received. UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE .......... .................................. i LIST OF FIGURES AND T A B L E S ....................... iv ABSTRACT ...... ........................................ v Chapter I. INTRODUCTION ....................................... 1 Nature of the Study Limitation of the Problem Organization and Sources II.
    [Show full text]
  • Steel Tarrifs: a Shining Example of the Tenstion Between Politics and Economics in the United States Brady P
    Brooklyn Journal of International Law Volume 28 | Issue 3 Article 7 2002 Steel Tarrifs: A Shining Example of the Tenstion Between Politics and Economics in the United States Brady P. Priest Follow this and additional works at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/bjil Recommended Citation Brady P. Priest, Steel Tarrifs: A Shining Example of the Tenstion Between Politics and Economics in the United States, 28 Brook. J. Int'l L. (2003). Available at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/bjil/vol28/iss3/7 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at BrooklynWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Brooklyn Journal of International Law by an authorized editor of BrooklynWorks. File: PRIEST base macro final.doc Created on: 6/21/2003 11:21 AM Last Printed: 1/13/2004 2:26 PM STEEL TARIFFS: A SHINING EXAMPLE OF THE TENSION BETWEEN POLITICS AND ECONOMICS IN THE UNITED STATES TODAY There is a degree of prejudice against bounties, from an ap- pearance of giving away the public money without an immedi- ate consideration, and from a supposition that they serve to enrich particular classes, at the expense of the community.1 I. INTRODUCTION n March 5, 2002, the Bush administration announced its O intention to impose tariffs ranging from 8% to 30% on numerous categories of foreign-made steel.2 The President im- posed the tariffs using the power granted him by the “safe- guards” provision in Section 201 of the Trade Act of 1974.3 All told, President Bush levied tariffs on one-third of the steel products imported into the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of the Iron and Steel Industry to Karabük and Sheffield: a Historical Background**
    Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management (JCGIRM) 2016, Volume 3, Series 2 PP109-125 The Impact of the Iron and Steel Industry to Karabük and Sheffield: A Historical Background** Can Biçer,a, , Kemal Yamanb * aKarabük University, Safranbolu Vocational School, Safranbolu, Karabük, TURKEY bKarabük University,Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Karabük, TURKEY A B S T R A C T A R T I C L E I N F O In this study, the two cities, Sheffield in the UK and Karabük in Turkey, Keywords:Karabük, Sheffield, which are famous for iron and steel producing, were analyzed through their Iron and Steel Production, Urban historical background to focus on the differences and similarities from an development urban perspective. Both the rise in the production of iron and steel in the *Corresponding author: 18th century through Industrial Revolution and the innovations made [email protected] Sheffield popular throughout the world. Karabük is called “The Republic City” in Turkey because the first iron and steel works were built in Karabük Article history: in 1937 shortly after the proclamation of Republic of Turkey. The museums were visited and the local studies and academic papers were sorted out to Received 22 03 2016 see the effects of sudden changes which the heavy industry caused in the Revised 25 04 2016 cities and it’s concluded that the industrial, urban and social experiences of Accepted 27 7 2016 Sheffield may be a guide for Karabük. **Previously Published in EJEM, 2016, Volume 3 number 2 1. INTRODUCTION The Industrial Revolution began in England sometime after the middle of the 18th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 107 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION
    E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 107 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 148 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 2002 No. 18 House of Representatives The House met at 10 a.m. Mr. LAHOOD. Mr. Speaker, I object then took his scholarly talents and Father Joseph F. Sica, Our Lady of to the vote on the ground that a spiritual determination and continued the Snows Catholic Church, Clarks quorum is not present and make the his education at the Catholic Univer- Summit, Pennsylvania, offered the fol- point of order that a quorum is not sity of America and the Theological lowing prayer: present. College. Father, we thank You for today, a The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum There he wrote his book, ‘‘God So new beginning filled with unlimited is not present. Loved the World,’’ which is one of the possibilities to make wholesome dif- Pursuant to clause 8, rule XX, fur- foremost works in Carl Rhaner’s ‘‘The- ferences in the lives represented by ther proceedings on this question are ology of Revelation.’’ He also published these men and women of our United postponed. many articles in several journals, and States Congress. The point of no quorum is considered Father Joe’s monthly column, ‘‘Mir- Father, by faith we welcome You withdrawn. acle Growth: A Seed of Inspiration,’’ into our lives and accept the love You f that runs in Catholic newspapers have for us. across the country. Your love elevates us as we rise ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER In every assignment at every parish, above our heartaches, hassles, troubles, The SPEAKER.
    [Show full text]
  • Dissertation Final Draft
    UNITVERISTY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara The Price of Prosperity: Inflation and the Limits of the New Deal Order A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History by Samir Sonti Committee in charge: Professor Nelson Lichtenstein, Chair Professor Mary O. Furner Professor Alice O’Connor Professor Salim Yaqub Professor Kate McDonald March 2017 The dissertation of Samir Sonti is approved. __________________________________________ Kate McDonald __________________________________________ Salim Yaqub __________________________________________ Alice O’Connor __________________________________________ Mary Furner __________________________________________ Nelson Lichtenstein, Committee Chair September 2016 The Price of Prosperity: Inflation and the Limits of the New Deal Order Copyright © 2017 by Samir Sonti iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Dedicated to Jayashree Sonti and Nagesh Sonti Writing a dissertation is at once a solitary and a collective process. Although only my name appears on the title page, and in spite of the countless hours I spent alone while producing draft after draft, I could not have accomplished this on my own. For one, this project would not have been possible without the generous support I received from a number of institutions: The Washington Center for Equitable Growth; the Dirksen Center; the UC Group in Economic History Research; UCSB History Associates; and the UCSB Center for the Study of Work, Labor, and Democracy all provided grants and fellowships that enabled me to travel to archives and complete the research on which this project is based. And the staff at those archives – too many to name all – deserve special recognition. Historians depend upon archives, and archives depend upon archivists. They are the unsung heroes without whom there would be no hope of recovering the past.
    [Show full text]
  • Working Paper No. 226
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics O'Sullivan, Mary Working Paper The Political Economy of Corporate Governance in Germany Working Paper, No. 226 Provided in Cooperation with: Levy Economics Institute of Bard College Suggested Citation: O'Sullivan, Mary (1998) : The Political Economy of Corporate Governance in Germany, Working Paper, No. 226, Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, Annandale-on- Hudson, NY This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/186900 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu The Political Economy of Corporate Governance in Germany Mary O’Sullivan* Working Paper No. 226 February 1998 *INSEAD and Center for Industrial Competitiveness, University of Massachusetts Lowell The research for this paper was funded by a grant from The Jerome Levy Economics Institute.
    [Show full text]
  • Civil Society and the Collaborative County 3 26 Final
    Civil Society and the Collaborative County Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Joseph Trapp Campbell, M.S., B.A. Graduate Program in Rural Sociology The Ohio State University 2013 Dissertation Committee: Linda Lobao, Advisor Tom Koontz Jeff Sharp Copyright by Joseph Trapp Campbell 2013 Abstract Socioeconomic forces (e.g. mobile capital, domestic manufacturing decline, and austerity measures) place stress upon U.S. local governments’ efforts to provide public services. County governments operate in a context where they must meet federal and state devolutionary responsibilities while addressing service demands among their citizenry, stimulate their own economic development portfolio, and mediate between a complex local system of jurisdictions and private and public entities. Scholars and public policy practitioners advocate “intergovernmental collaboration” between county and other local governments as a necessary step towards effective public service provision to positively adapt to the socioeconomic forces listed above. At the same time, a wealth of research emerged over the past two decades highlighting the strong relationship between an engaged and robust civil society and governmental performance. The ability for “bridging” organizations to unify multiple, and at time conflicting, facets of civil society onto a similar platform for economic development planning and implementation is one mechanism driving this relationship. Effective governance in the early twenty-first century requires civil society working constructively with local public officials to engage in shared economic development services and activities. This study, utilizing a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach, investigates the role that civil society plays in the process of intergovernmental collaboration at the county level.
    [Show full text]