DOCSLIB.ORG

Call Me by Your Name 27 2.3.3 Analyse Van De Representatie Van Transgender in De Film the Danish Girl 31 2.4 Conclusie 35

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Call Me by Your Name 27 2.3.3 Analyse Van De Representatie Van Transgender in De Film the Danish Girl 31 2.4 Conclusie 35 The Subtle Art of Straightwashing Een onderzoek naar de vertegenwoordiging van lhbt- acteurs en lhbt-films in de filmindustrie Marlou Steenbruggen (11906960) Eerste begeleider: Mw. Dr. C.A.J.C. Delhaye Tweede lezer: Dhr. Dr. D.J. Elshout 28 maart 2019 1 Inleiding 3 Hoofdstuk 1: Numerieke vertegenwoordiging 7 1.1 Een korte geschiedenis van de lhbt-gemeenschap in de filmindustrie 8 1.2 Numerieke vertegenwoordiging in de filmindustrie van Hollywood 9 1.3 Numerieke vertegenwoordiging van lhbt-acteurs 11 1.4 Conclusie 12 Hoofdstuk 2: Kwalitatieve vertegenwoordiging in Hollywood films 13 2.1 Audiovisuele analyse 13 2.2 Stereotypering en minimalisering 16 2.2.1. Stereotypering en minimalisering in Hollywood vs. in de meer onafhankelijke filmindustrie 19 2.3.1 Analyse van de representatie van lesbienne in de film Carol 23 2.3.2 Analyse van de representatie van homoseksueel in de film Call Me By Your Name 27 2.3.3 Analyse van de representatie van transgender in de film The Danish Girl 31 2.4 Conclusie 35 Hoofdstuk 3: Institutionele vertegenwoordiging 37 3.1 Agentschappen 37 3.2 De grote filmstudio’s en onafhankelijke distributeurs 40 3.2.1. Indiewood 42 3.3 Filmfestivals en lhbt-representaties 43 3.4 Analyse van de paratext 45 3.4.1 Analyse van de paratext: Carol 45 3.4.2 Analyse van de paratext: Call Me By Your Name 49 3.4.3 Analyse van de paratext: The Danish Girl 52 3.5 Conclusie 56 Eindconclusie 58 Discussie 61 Literatuurlijst 62 Literatuurlijst analyse 67 2 Inleiding Geef homoseksueel nu eens die rol van homoseksueel Zo luidt de titel van het artikel uit De Volkskrant (1 sept, 2018) van schrijver Maurits de Bruijn. De Bruijn schreef dit artikel naar aanleiding van kritiek op het aspect dat een openlijk homoseksuele of transgender acteur of actrice nog nooit een Oscar in ontvangst heeft mogen nemen. Dat is opvallend omdat veel homoseksuele of transgender rollen zoals uit Monster, Philadelphia, Kiss of the Spider Woman, The Hours, Boys Don’t Cry en Milk zijn bekroond met een Oscar. Daarentegen worden deze personages gespeeld door heteroseksuele acteurs. Naar dit verschijnsel wordt verwezen met de term ‘straightwashing’. Steeds meer mensen, waaronder de lhbt-gemeenschap, zien dit als een probleem in de samenleving omdat hierdoor een ongelijkheid met betrekking tot de lhbt- gemeenschap in stand wordt gehouden. Al eerder werden de grote filmstudio’s beschuldigd van het hebben van een blinde vlek. Hiernaar werd verwezen met de term ‘whitewashing’. Veel mensen uitten hun woede over het ontbreken van gekleurde acteurs tijdens de Oscarnominaties met de zogenaamde hashtag OscarsSoWhite. In 2016 voerde Elich een masteronderzoek uit naar het verschijnsel whitewashing. Het onderzoek van Elich onthult niet alleen een ondervertegenwoordiging van gekleurde acteurs bij de Oscars, maar ook die van de filmindustrie zelf. Sinds de afgelopen jaren is steeds meer de kritiek ontstaan dat niet alleen whitewashing een probleem is in de filmindustrie, maar ook het verschijnsel straightwashing. Steeds meer acteurs, actrices, filmproducenten en regisseurs sluiten zich aan bij deze stelling en spreken zich uit over deze problematiek. Zo besloot Scarlett Johansson zich terug te trekken uit de film Rub & Tug waarin ze een transgender man zou spelen naar aanleiding van de kritiek vanuit de lhbt-gemeenschap. En sprak Colin Firth in een interview over het aspect dat heteroseksuele acteurs enorm veel lof ontvangen wanneer deze een homoseksuele rol vervullen terwijl homoseksuele acteurs nooit gecast worden voor een heteroseksuele rol (‘Colin Firth: homosexual actors risk lsoing work’, 2010)) . In De Volkskrant wordt bepleit dat de discussie omtrent straightwashing echter niet gaat om het turven van Oscars of personages. Het gaat erover dat de verhalen van gemarginaliseerde groepen worden verteld zonder die groepen daar daadwerkelijk bij te 3 betrekken. Hierdoor wordt precies de ongelijkheid, die vaak centraal staat in lhbt-films, in stand gehouden. De grote filmstudio’s worden gezien als basis voor de problematiek omtrent straigthwashing in de filmindustrie. Doordat de grote filmstudio’s gericht zijn op het behalen van winst willen zij zo min mogelijk risico nemen en kiezen zij vaak voor bekende heteroseksuele acteurs. De lhbt-denktank van de Universiteit van Californië voerde in 2013 een onderzoek uit onder 5.700 acteurs en actrices. Uit het onderzoek bleek dat meer dan de helft van de homoseksuele en lesbische ondervraagden in aanraking zijn geweest met homofobe uitspraken van regisseurs en producenten en bijna de helft van deze groep werd meermaals ongeschikt geacht voor een romantische hoofdrol door castingdirecteurs en studio’s. De meer onafhankelijke filmstudio’s zoals de semi onafhankelijk Indiewood of de volledig onafhankelijke filmstudio’s als Wolfe en TLA worden hier minder verantwoordelijk voor geacht. Een kritiek die echter voortborduurt op de problematiek omtrent straightwashing is dat het verder gaat dan het castingsproces. Volgens critici is het verschijnsel ook aanwezig in de manier waarop de lhbt-gemeenschap wordt gerepresenteerd in films. In deze films worden lhbt-onderwerpen geminimaliseerd en worden lhbt-personages stereotyperend gerepresenteerd met als doel een groter publiek aan te trekken. Een bewijs komt van regisseur Luca Guadagnino van Call Me By Your Name (2017). Guadagnino geeft toe dat hij de film minder expliciet heeft gemaakt dan de roman waarop de film is gebaseerd. Hij beargumenteert zijn keuze door erop te wijzen dat hij niet wilde dat het publiek de personages op een andere manier zou gaan zien, of zou discrimineren. Daarnaast wordt beweerd dat bij het representeren van de lhbt-gemeenschap een heteroseksuele context noodzakelijk is. Op deze wijze wordt het lhbt-verhaal in de film behapbaar voor het mainstream publiek. Bovenstaande kaart een probleem aan binnen de filmindustrie. Tot op heden is weinig onderzoek gedaan naar het verschijnsel straightwashing in de filmindustrie. Het doel van dit onderzoek is daarom om een analyse uit te voeren waarbij het verschijnsel straightwashing in de filmindustrie meer in beeld wordt gebracht. Aan het eind van dit onderzoek wordt getracht een antwoord te geven op de vraag: In hoeverre is sprake van straightwashing in de filmindustrie en op welke manier uit zich dat? 4 Om antwoord te geven op deze centrale vraag worden in het onderzoek de volgende deelvragen behandeld: - In welke mate zijn lhbt personages vertegenwoordigd in de filmindustrie? - In hoeverre zijn lhbt acteurs vertegenwoordigd in de kerninstituties van de filmindustrie? - Wat is de kwaliteit van de vertegenwoordiging van lhbt personages in de filmindustrie? Deze vragen zijn opgesteld aan de hand van de verschillende vormen van vertegenwoordiging die uiteengezet worden in het artikel van Maryann Erigha. In 2015 publiceerde Sociology Compass Erigha’s artikel Race, Gender, Hollywood: Representation in Cultural Production and Digital Media’s Potential for Change, waarin ze een onderscheid maakt tussen drie verschillende vormen van vertegenwoordiging in een culturele productie: de numerieke vertegenwoordiging, de institutionele vertegenwoordiging en kwaliteit van vertegenwoordiging. In elk hoofdstuk wordt één van de drie vormen besproken. Hoofdstuk 1 behandelt de numerieke vertegenwoordiging, oftewel de mate van aan- en afwezigheid van lhbt-personages en lhbt-acteurs in de filmindustrie. Als eerste wordt een korte geschiedenis beschreven van de lhbt-gemeenschap in de filmindustrie. Daarna wordt de numerieke vertegenwoordiging van de lhbt-gemeenschap in films van grote filmstudio’s besproken aan de hand van data verkregen door de organisatie GLAAD. Tot slot wordt deze numerieke vertegenwoordiging van lhbt-acteurs in films besproken. In hoofdstuk 2 wordt de kwaliteit van de vertegenwoordiging van lhbt-personages besproken. Hierbij ligt de nadruk op een audiovisuele analyse. Tijdens deze analyse wordt de kwaliteit van de vertegenwoordiging van lhbt-personages in drie recentelijke lhbt-films Carol, Call Me By Your Name en The Danish Girl onderzocht. Bij deze analyses ligt de nadruk op stereotypering en minimalisering van lhbt-personages en lhbt-inhoud en zal in beeld worden gebracht hoe straightwashing eventueel zichtbaar wordt in lhbt-films. Tot slot wordt de institutionele vertegenwoordiging van lhbt-acteurs en lhbt-films behandeld. Er wordt onderzocht in hoeverre lhbt-acteurs en lhbt-films vertegenwoordigd zijn in de kerninstituties van de filmindustrie. Hierbij wordt ingezoomd op agentschappen, de grote filmstudio’s, Indiewood, de onafhankelijke filmstudio’s en (lhbt-)filmfestivals. Vertegenwoordigd worden door deze instituties is belangrijk voor de carrière van een 5 acteur of voor de lhbt-film, omdat het bepaalde voordelen met zich meebrengt. Wanneer er sprake is van ondervertegenwoordiging kan dit leiden tot ongelijke kansen. Hoofdstuk 3 wordt afgesloten met een analyse van de paratext van drie lhbt-films Carol, Call Me By Your Name en The Danish Girl. Bovenstaande drie verschillende vormen van vertegenwoordiging zullen onderzocht worden aan de hand van literatuuronderzoek. Er is voor gekozen om alle drie de vormen te onderzoeken om een zo compleet mogelijk beeld te krijgen van de vertegenwoordiging van lhbt acteurs in Hollywood. Uiteindelijk worden aan de hand van de bevindingen conclusies getrokken en de relevantie van de nieuwe inzichten weergegeven. 6 Hoofdstuk 1: Numerieke vertegenwoordiging In het eerste hoofdstuk wordt een beeld geschetst van de mate van aan -en afwezigheid van lhbt-acteurs en lhbt-personages in de filmindustrie.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reading Group Notes the Danish Girl 2 Curious, I Went to the New York Public Library and Began to Search for References to Einar Wegener
    N O T E S F O R pic here R E A D I N G THE DANISH GIRL by David Ebershoff G Contents R About David Ebershoff .......................................................... 2 O A conversation with David Ebershoff ........................................ 2 U Reviews............................................................................. 7 P Some suggested points for discussion ..................................... 11 S Further reading ................................................................. 11 About David Ebershoff David Ebershoff was born in Pasadena, California and is a graduate of Brown University and the University of Chicago. He has also studied at Keio University in Tokyo. He currently lives in New York City where he is the Publishing Director of the Modern Library, a division of Random House. The Danish Girl is Ebershoff ’s first novel. He spent two years writing it during his vacations from Random House and made headlines when the unfinished novel created a bidding war between five interested publishers. Viking won the rights for a reported US$350 000 two-book deal, which also included publishing his first collection of short stories. The Danish Girl has racked up an impressive sale of foreign rights, with eleven countries publishing translations of the novel. Several film studios and actors have also expressed interest in the film rights, including DreamWorks, Angelina Jolie, and Ally McBeal co-star, Gil Bellows. Ebershoff ’s new work, The Rose City (published by Allen & Unwin in August 2001) combines vivid characters with Ebershoff ’s trademark emotional insight and lush prose in seven stories about young men and boys making their way in a chaotic world. He is currently writing his second novel, Pasadena. A Conversation with David Ebershoff How did you discover the story of Einar, Greta, and Lili? A few years ago, a friend who works at a university press mailed me a book about gender theory that his press was publishing.
    [Show full text]
  • LGBTQIA+ Rights Justnow Timeline Cards Set
    LGBTQIA+ Rights JustNow timeline cards set Created by: Annemarie Kelpe, Friederike Hobein, Sera Ria Gomes The “JustNow – A Toolbox for Teaching Human Rights” project is focused on the development of methodological-didactical materials relating to human rights education, combined with simulation games and diversity learning in non-formal and formal youth educational work. This timeline cards set focuses on teaching about the evolution of the LGBTQIA+ Rights (movement) through history up until today, covering some key milestones, leading figures, events, legislation and organizations. The cards can be used in history or civic education, or in other non-formal education settings. Where possible, it is advised that educators supplement the cards with local (history) examples. The cards were created using images and information researched online, with sources noted on the back of the cards. The cards are created for exclusively non-profit educational purpose and use, in classrooms or non-formal educational settings. Image source: Graphic created by Kayley Weinberg, 2014. https://now.org/blog/now-updates-acronym-lgbtqia/ Additional terms Cis-gender - people who identify with their birth sex and are aligned with gender constructs Transgender - people whose gender identity is different from their gender assigned at birth Queer - umbrella term for sexual and gender minorities and a sexual orientation, intentionally vague which allows different interpretations Intersex - People who are born with any of the several variations in sex characteristics including chromosomes, gonads, sex hormones or genitals that do not fit the typical definitions of male or female bodies Asexual - People, who do not experience sexual attraction to anyone. Asexuality is more of a spectrum.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie Emerson
    UNIVERSIDADE PRESBITERIANA MACKENZIE EMERSON RODRIGUES DE BRITO RELAÇÕES IMAGÉTICAS ENTRE ARTES PLÁSTICAS E CINEMA: UNIVERSOS PARALELOS? PROBLEMATIZANDO A ELABORAÇÃO DE “A GAROTA DINAMARQUESA” São Paulo 2018 EMERSON RODRIGUES DE BRITO RELAÇÕES IMAGÉTICAS ENTRE ARTES PLÁSTICAS E CINEMA: UNIVERSOS PARALELOS? PROBLEMATIZANDO A ELABORAÇÃO DE “A GAROTA DINAMARQUESA” Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Arte e História da Cultura da Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Doutor. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Marcos Rizolli São Paulo 2018 2 3 EMERSON RODRIGUES DE BRITO RELAÇÕES IMAGÉTICAS ENTRE ARTES PLÁSTICAS E CINEMA: UNIVERSOS PARALELOS? PROBLEMATIZANDO A ELABORAÇÃO DE “A GAROTA DINAMARQUESA” Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Arte e História da Cultura da Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Doutor. Aprovado em 08 agosto 2018 4 AGRADECIMENTOS A elaboração desta tese tornou-se possível graças ao auxílio da UNIVERSIDADE PRESBITERIANA MACKENZIE, Com carinho e agradecimento ao meu orientador Professor Doutor Marcos Rizolli, que dedicou sua confiança e profissionalismo. Agradeço imensamente ao amigo e Professor Doutor Paulo Roberto Monteiro de Araujo que com suas aulas sobre o humano e o olhar constante me auxiliaram com sabedoria e cuidados. Aos meus pais Antonio Brito e Maria Lucia Brito que me trouxeram uma visão religiosa. Aos amigos Leandro Fernandes e Lidiane Fontes com suas informações valiosas. E a Gerda Wegener e Lili Elbe pelo início de tudo. 5 “No princípio era o verbo, e o verbo estava com Deus, e o verbo era Deus.” João 1:1 6 Resumo A presente tese intitulada “Relações Imagéticas entre Artes Plásticas e Cinema: Universos Paralelos? Problematizando a Elaboração de A Garota Dinamarquesa”, teve como hipótese central a questão de leitura narrativa poética do filme como expressão simbólica de um tema religioso / criacionista por meio da Direção de Arte.
    [Show full text]
  • Aacl Bioflux
    Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Literature: “Literature as a Source of Wisdom”, July 11-13, 2019, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia ISBN: 978-623-7086-21-5 I AM ENTIRELY MYSELF: THE PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF EINAR WEGENER CHARACTER 1Meta Keumala, 1Nyak Mutia Ismail, 1Siti Sarah Fitriani, 2Rena Juliana & 3Veni Nella Syahputri 1Department of English Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2Department of English Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, STAIN Teungku Dirundeng, Meulaboh 23616, Indonesia 3Faculty of Public Health, Teuku Umar University, Meulaboh 23615, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected] DOI: 10.24815/.v1i1.14445 Abstract Scenes in movies are the reflections of how human being would act and react in facing daily life real drama. This study sought the types of human psychology when they deal with life realms that are portrayed in a movie called The Danish Girl based on Freud’s Tripartite Psychological Model. The method utilized in this study was mainly descriptive qualitative design. The data source was a biographical movie entitled The Danish Girl directed by Tom Hooper, which was released in 2015. The subject was the character named Einar Wegener, who transgendered himself into a woman named Lili Elbe. The objects were all scenes that are in accordance with the Freud’s Tripartite Psychological Model. The data were collected by merely observing the movie for 120 minutes and marking the relevant scenes. After the data were obtained, based on the Tripartite Psychological Model, the results suggest that there are 48 scenes of Einar altogether; 36 scenes representing the identity, 7 scenes representing the ego, and 5 scenes representing the superego.
    [Show full text]
  • T2 Lili Elbe,S Transmedial Presence and the Politics of Transgender Studies
    psychoanâlysis. For both gmphic memoin, Bechdel has gained inrernarional awa¡ds md accolades, and ,Genius,Awarcl most recendy was awa¡ded rhe higlrty presrigious Ma;Aflhur in 2014. 3 Plrotographing takes on an added layer of signifi c¿nce Hot¡te t2 Lili ín Fut because Bechdel works with a Elbe,s transmedial technique presence ofphotographing herseJfin every single pose, which she then uses ro dnw each cha¡acte¡ and scene in the book. and the politics of transgender studies 4 Here, Deridat employs the norion of'supprement' co refer to this excess and this idea that meaning is organized through diffe¡ence. An-important Elíza 5 point ro emphasize is thac deconsmction also exposes our inabiliry to escepe Êom Steínbock such dich_oromous drinking. Queer theory (which wili be explorcd in more deail later) has been highiy influenced by this approach, as it seela to t¡ouble the læterosexualiry/homor""uaúry liraf. For example, lett take dre process of'coming out, as gay or lesbian. Not only does hereroenaliÇ depend on homosexuality, but by'coming out' as homosexual, the¡e is a simultaneous ¡einscd¡rioi þnd perhaps reìficaúon) ofis perceivedopposite, heterosexualiry. Even i¡ declaring or"r"lfgay or lesbian, a snaight idenrity is calied up and even ¡einfo¡ced. Danish painter Liri Ilse Elvenes (1gg2-1931),better known as Lili Elbe, was fißt women ro have rnedical.a"i"-.. one ofthe Questions sional repuration - iifr"i".rÇ';"r.;;"" rn 1930. Lili,s pro*s- âs â nran ied. to her b.i"g ,h. ,;iJJt .îrir=a 1953, when t"" change, story until 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Iv Findings and Discussions
    CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS In this chapter, the writer would analyze the transition process of Einar Wegener goes through when transforming into Lili Elbe in The Danish Girl novel. It would be analyze with Sally Hines‘ Transgender Theory also Butler‘s Performativity. 4.1. The Transgendered Transition Of Einar Wegener In the process of transitioning, a transgender would experience some important phases in the transition process before calling themselves as a transgender. They would feel dissatisfy with their identity before the transition, their desire for coming out to the public would emerge, and they would experience a significant moment in the transition process (Hines, 2007:83-84). In the novel, Einar goes through four phases in transitioning his gender identity. When experience the phases he has to deal with his desire and the reality and the stigma that is formed by the society. 1. Pre Transition Identity Before Transgender individuals transition into their new gender and live in the other sex outwardly, they have experiences from when they first recognize that they are different from others which later shape their identity. Lili Elbeis a Danish transgender woman and one of the first identifiable recipients of sex reassignment surgery. In recollections of pre-transition identities,Lili Elbe, the main character, before transitioning is known Einar Wegener who is a landscape artist in 27 28 Copenhagen in the early 20th. Einar Wegener lives in a small village named Bluetooth. A. Childhood In the early childhood, children get cues early on from parents about appropriate behavior, and internalize them. For example MTF (male to female) transsexuals have gotten the message from parents that it wasn‘t ok for them to play dolls with their sisters or neighbors, and that they were expected to do ―boy‖ things – like rough and tumble play.
    [Show full text]
  • The Danish Girl: Symmetry As a Representation of Society
    THE DANISH GIRL: SYMMETRY AS A REPRESENTATION OF SOCIETY DANIEL BUSTILLO INSTITUTO FRANKLIN–UAH The 1920s were famous for been the time of the opening of mind in the United States and also in some parts of Europe. Before and during the First World War, the Victo- rian mentality predominating in Europe was marked by narrow-minded approaches to Changes in soCial Customs, such as declared homosexuality, bisexuality or trans- sexuality. However, after the Great War, some big Cities such as London or Paris adopted a more progressive stand, while other Countries remained stuck in a Con- servative mentality. Among them, Denmark stood out as generally intolerant to so- Cial transformation. This illiberal soCiety is portrayed in the American-British movie The Danish Girl, in which the topic of transsexuality has been explored. Based on actual events, The Dan- ish Girl (Tom Hooper, 2015) deals with the life of Einar Wegener (Eddie Redmayne), a Danish man married to his wife Gerda Wegener (Alicia Vikander) who, by acCi- dent, disCovers that he feels more Comfortable with the female gender. The Case of Einar Wegener, who will be later named as Lili Elbe, has been represented on the big sCreen as the first transgender woman to undergo a sex reaffirmation surgery in his- tory. Moreover, it has been brought forth as an example for all the transgender peo- ple that feel oppressed daily by their own community. In order to indirectly portray the Conservative soCiety and Context of the time, the director of the film, Tom Hooper, decided to exploit the device of symmetry.
    [Show full text]
  • Arrested and Arresting
    ACTA UNIV. SAPIENTIAE, FILM AND MEDIA STUDIES, 18 (2020) 57–71 DOI: 10.2478/ausfm-2020-0003 Arrested and Arresting: Intermedial Images and the Self-Reflexive Spectator of Contemporary Cinema Hajnal Király Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania (Cluj Napoca, Romania) E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The paper departs from the assumption that while the analysis of the systematic effect that popular cinema (genres like melodrama, horror or action movies) has on its spectators has been largely discussed by film theorists, little has been written on the affective dimensions of arthouse cinema. The lasting effect of visually compelling films on the individual spectator’s emotions has been addressed only sporadically by cognitive film theory, film phenomenology and aesthetics. Therefore, the author proposes to bring together terms and concepts from different discourses (film and literary theory, intermediality studies and empirical psychological research of the literary effect) in order to elucidate how intermedial, painterly references in midcult and arthouse films mobilize the associative dimensions of film viewing and may have an impact on spectatorial self- reflexion and emotional growth. Moreover, films that rely on the associative power of still(ed) images, painterly references bring into play the personal and cultural experiences of the viewer. As such, they can be effectively used in professional and cultural sensitivization. Keywords: arresting image, self-reflexion, intermediality, stillness, painterly reference, professional
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolving Standards of Care / Public Perceptions Of
    Education, Execution and Safety: Improving Outcomes after GCS Marci Bowers, MD 345 Lorton Avenue Suite#101 Burlingame, California 94010 Phone: (650) 570-2270 FAX: (650) 570-2283 www.marcibowers.com @marcibowers76 Disclosures • No financial relationships or conflict of interest to disclose ASCCP 2018 Seattle/ Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Wisconsin (Bachelor of Science) University of Minnesota (MD) University of Washington (Residency) Swedish Medical Center Ob/Gyn (Chair) Polyclinic Mills-Peninsula Medical Center (SF) Mt. Sinai Medical Center (NY) Disclosures: none © 2018 – Marci L. Bowers ASCCP 2018 © 2018 – Marci L. Bowers ASCCP 2018 Intro Gender Politics: a comment Review of FTM and MTF Gender Confirmation Surgeries (including Video) Improving Outcomes Following GCS Surgery Histology of the Neovagina and primary care considerations Screening Implications following GCS Questions © 2018 – Marci L. Bowers ASCCP 2018 © 2018 – Marci L. Bowers ASCCP 2018 What is a Man? Woman? Chromosomes? Genitalia Hormones? Gender expression © 2018 – Marci L. Bowers ASCCP 2018 Intersex: Genital Diversity Intersex Ambiguous genitalia/ “Hermaphrodite” • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia • Klinefelter’s (47XXY) • Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) • Hypospadias • Male=Female until 2nd trimester • Incidence: 1/2000 live births • Public lack of awareness: addicted to binary © 2018 – Marci L. Bowers ASCCP 2018 Real World Order Gender Spectrum Gendr Exprssion: Male Androgynous Female GENITALIA: Female Intersex Male SEXUALITY: Male Bisexual Female One Five Ten © 2018 – Marci L. Bowers ASCCP 2018 Transgender: Brain diversity © 2018 – Marci L. Bowers ASCCP 2018 Clinicians View of the Transgender Patient Helping to unlock the mysteries of the human experience through insight into sex roles, gender stereotyping, global militarism, aggression, male violence, etc., etc. © 2018 – Marci L.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Ii Author and His Work
    CHAPTER II AUTHOR AND HIS WORK This chapter will discuss the author of the object study which is The Danish Girl novel. It will also cover facts which become his motives to create this novel. Beside the novel author, this chapter will also cover the synopsis of the story. 2.1 The Author and His Work David Ebershoff is currently a New Yorker who was born in Pasadena, California in 19691. He has written several books such as Pasadena and The 19th Wife. One of his notable works is The Danish Girl (2000) that is adapted into a movie directed by Tom Hooper. He won several awards for his works including the Rosenthal Foundation award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters and the Lambda Literary Award, and his fiction has also been translated into more than ten different languages to critical acclaim2. In his personal website, www.ebershoff.com, it is stated that The Danish Girl movie adapted from his novel under the similar title was nominated for a number of movie awards which are Academy Awards, Golden Globe, Actor Guild Awards, and BAFTAs. In addition, Ebershoff, who is also a teacher in the graduate writing program at Columbia University, also edited more than twenty New York 1 http://www.litlovers.com/reading-guides/13-fiction/744-19th-wife-ebershoff?start=1 (accessed in May, 4th 2016) 2 https://www.bookbrowse.com/biographies/index.cfm/author_number/1601/david-ebershoff (accessed in May, 4th 2016) Times bestsellers and three Pulitzer Prize winners and a winner of the National Book Award3.
    [Show full text]
  • Frameworks Journal 1, the Wall Edition
    a A Journal of Undergraduate Research in the Interdisciplinary Humanities Issue 1, Fall 2020 The Wall Edition 1 2 FRAMEWORKS PROGRAM DIRECTOR /JOURNAL EDITOR Max Rayneard EDITORIAL BOARD Laura Bland Robert Cremins Robert Zaretsky DESIGN AND LAYOUT Martha Hayes FACULTY MENTORS Richard Armstrong, Laura Bland, Hayan Charara, Robert Cremins, Richard Garner, Robert Liddell, Iain Morrison, Andrew Pegoda, David Rainbow, Roberto Tejada, Bhavya Tiwari, Marina Trninic, Jess Waggoner, Robert Zaretsky THE FRAMEWORKS PRIZE FOR EXCELLENCE IN UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH IN THE INTERDISCIPLINARY HUMANITIES Paulina Ezquerra – mentored by Robert Zaretsky “Reading Kafka in the Age of Trump” SPECIAL MENTION Ayania Hicks – mentored Marina Trninic “Breaking Artistic Boundaries: Zora Neale Hurston and theHarlem Renaissance” WITH GRATITUDE TO Dean Bill Monroe Associate Dean Jonathan Williamson Stacey Michael Lorena Lopez Director of the Creative Work Minor, Robert Cremins The Honors College Office of Communications Julia Brown, Brenda Cruz, Martha Hayes, Jillian Holden The Office of Undergraduate Research and Major Awards Ben Rayder, Karen Weber, Rikki Bettinger, and Brittni MacLeod The Cougar Initiative to Engage (CITE) Ann Dayton, Fan Wu FrameWorks Speakers Richard Armstrong, Laura Bland, Jesse Rainbow FrameWorks is grateful to be funded in part by a grant from the Cougar Initiative to Engage (CITE], a program of the office of Provost Paula Myrick Short 3 FrameWorks: A Journal of Undergraduate Research in the Interdis- ciplinary Humanities is published by the Honors College of the University of Houston under the auspices of Creative Work with support from the Office of Undergraduate Research and Major Awards. The journal is published annually and contains articles written by undergraduate students (predominantly sophomores and juniors) who completed the FrameWorks Pro- gram, a year-long co-curricular course that facilitates under- graduate research in the interdisciplinary humanities through faculty mentorship and peer support.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender Dysphoria in David Ebershoff's the Danish Girl
    INFOKARA RESEARCH ISSN NO: 1021-9056 Gender Dysphoria in David Ebershoff’s The Danish Girl Solai Arthika. M M.Phil Scholar, PG & Research Department V.O.Chidambaram College, Thoothukudi [email protected] Abstract - Love ponders the cost of mainstream embrace of Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender culture, tolerance, gender dysphoria, gay assimilation and the push for state, community and commercial approval for same sex marriage. Queer history has been remembered with all its tragedy, loneliness, despair, loss and shame. Past can be found in the present days, so to strive for political agency and a progressive future means betraying the historical continuity of negative feelings. One may enter the mainstream on the condition that one break ties with all those who cannot make it, the non-white, the poor, the fat, the unwaged, the diseased and a host of unutterable others. Social negativity clings not only to these figures but also to those who lived before the common era of Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender liberation. For individuals who are contemplated as others with gender trepidation between the divergent of their assigned sex at birth and the identity they desire to construct, indicate emotional desolation and sex. This paper deals with the trauma faced by the people with Gender Dysphoria and the struggle to fit in the society’s framework in the novel The Danish Girl by David Ebershoff. Keywords – Unmentionable others, Gender dysphoria, Mainstream, trauma. Gender dysphoria is a conflict between biological or the gender that is assigned at birth versus the gender that a person identify with later on. It is not really defined by how someone looks like, how their body looks like, it is who they are inside.
    [Show full text]