DOCSLIB.ORG

Swedres-Svarm 2015

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Swedres-Svarm 2015 2015 SWEDRES|SVARM Consumption of antibiotics and occurrence of antibiotic resistance in Sweden 2 SWEDRES |SVARM 2015 A report on Swedish Antibiotic Utilisation and Resistance ISSN 1650-6332 in Human Medicine (Swedres) and Swedish Veterinary ISBN 978-91-7603-546-7 (pdf) Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring (Svarm) ISBN 978-91-7603-547-4 (print) Article no. at Folkhälsomyndigheten 15099 Published by: Public Health Agency of Sweden and National Veterinary This title and previous Swedres and Svarm reports are Institute available for downloading at www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/publicerat-material/ or www.sva.se. Editors: Jenny Hellman and Olov Aspevall, The title can also be ordered from the webshop at: Public Health Agency of Sweden www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/publicerat-material/ or Björn Bengtsson and Märit Pringle, Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary Institute National Veterinary Institute, SE-751 89 Uppsala, Sweden Phone: +46 (0) 18 67 40 00 Fax: +46 (0) 18 30 91 62 Addresses: E-mail: [email protected] Public Health Agency of Sweden SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden Phone: +46 (0) 10 205 20 00 Fax: +46 (0) 8 32 83 30 E-mail: [email protected] www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se National Veterinary Institute SE-751 89 Uppsala, Sweden Phone: +46 (0) 18 67 40 00 Fax: +46 (0) 18 30 91 62 E-mail: [email protected] www.sva.se Text and tables may be cited and reprinted only with reference to this report. Images, photographs and illustrations are protected by copyright. Suggested citation: Swedres-Svarm 2015. Consumption of antibiotics and occurrence of antibiotic resistance in Sweden. Solna/Uppsala Scan the QR code to open Swedres-Svarm 2015 as a pdf in ISSN 1650-6332 your mobile device, for reading and sharing. Download a free QR code reader in the App Store for Apple Print & Layout: Åtta.45 Tryckeri devices or in Google Play for Android, for example Quick Scan QR Code Reader (iPhone) or QR Droid Code Scanner (Android). Cover by Ingvar Westerdahl/Thomas Isaksson SWEDRES |SVARM 2015 3 Preface This 2015 Swedish report from the monitoring of anti- Also, increased knowledge of antibiotics, resistance and coun- biotic resistance and antibiotic consumption in human and termeasures in society, governance, supporting structures veterinary medicine, Swedres-Svarm, is an integrated report and systems, and international collaboration are stressed. A from the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the National national coordinating mechanism for governmental author- Veterinary Institute with data from humans, animals, and ities will be important in implementing this strategy. This food. The data from public health, human and veterinary group is led by the Public Health Agency of Sweden in medicine have been jointly published in Swedres-Svarm since collaboration with the Swedish Board of Agriculture, and is 2002, and data from the sectors have been fully integrated comprised of representatives from 23 governmental authori- under common sections in the report since 2012. ties and organizations. The importance of a ‘One Health’ approach is being Although the current situation in Sweden, in both the acknowledged internationally, and awareness of the urgency public health and veterinary sectors, is favorable from a global of jointly dealing with antibiotic resistance and health care- perspective, this year’s report shows trends of concern in human associated infections is increasing. medicine both for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus A good example of international collaboration is the devel- (MRSA) and for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. In opment of the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance part, these trends can be explained by the increased number of System (GLASS) by the World Health Organization with refugees who arrived in Sweden last year. Of more concern, support from Sweden. Early implementation of the system though, is the increasing risk in general of introduction and has recently started in several countries worldwide, including spread of carbapenem- resistant or extended spectrum beta- Sweden. In addition, the Unit for Antibiotics and Infection lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae, in high- Control at the Public Health Agency of Sweden has recently risk health care departments, such as neonatal intensive care. been designated as a WHO Collaborating Centre for anti- Efforts to prevent or reduce the consequences of these risks microbial resistance containment with the assignment to need to be prioritized. further support development and implementation of GLASS In the veterinary sector, MRSA is rare in both farm and and support capacity building in the WHO Member States. companion animals, and carbapenem-resistant Enterobac- A new national strategy for Sweden regarding antibiotic teriaceae has not been reported. resistance was approved by the government in April this Finally, we would like to thank Barbro Olsson-Liljequist, year. A ‘One Health’ approach is emphasized, as well as the who has contributed to this report since it was first published importance of strengthened surveillance, effective preventive in 2001. She has worked within this field for more than thirty measures, responsible use of antibiotics, increased knowledge years, and she will share some historical perspectives in this and development of new antibiotics, and diagnostic methods edition of Swedres-Svarm. as well as other strategies for combating antibiotic resistance. Solna and Uppsala 2016-06-14 Johan Carlson Jens Mattsson Director General Director General Public Health Agency of Sweden National Veterinary Institute 4 SWEDRES |SVARM 2015 Contributors and participants Authors SWEDRES Acknowledgements Public Health Agency of Sweden The analyses of the antibiotic consumption was made in Olov Aspevall, Hanna Billström, Britta Björkholm, close collaboration with the external group of antibiotic Ulrica Dohnhammar, Petra Edquist, Sara Hæggman, sales data of the Public Health Agency of Sweden: Jenny Hellman, Jerker Jonsson, Eva Morfeldt, Ingrid Brännström, Jonatan Dahlqvist, Mats Erntell, Barbro Mäkitalo, Christer Norman, Barbro Olsson Annika Hahlin, Mikael Hoffmann and Anastasia Nyman. Liljequist, Magdalena Prioux, Kristina Rizzardi, Karin Sjöström, Anders Ternhag, Tomas Söderblom Data on antibiotic use in relation to number of admissions and Thomas Åkerlund and number of patient days in somatic hospital care during 2010-2015 were kindly provided by pharmacists in local Medical Products Agency Strama-groups. Strama collaboration group of the Public Sahra Barzi Health Agency of Sweden. Department of Clinical Microbiology, The national surveillance of antibiotic resistance would Karolinska University Hospital, Solna not have been possible without the contribution of data Christian Giske and active support of all the Swedish clinical microbiology laboratories. National Reference Laboratory for Antibiotic Resistance, Växjö Hospital Complementary epidemiological information on clinical Gunnar Kahlmeter notifications has been performed by the local County Depart ments for Communicable Disease Control. National Reference Laboratory for Pathogenic Neisseria, Örebro University Hospital Kerstin Ortman and Hanna Arosenius at Eurofins Food & Hans Fredlund, Susanne Jacobsson and Magnus Unemo Agro, Skara who kindly provided SVA with clinical isolates and susceptibility results from clinical submissions from animals. Authors SVARM National Veterinary Institute Lotta Persson, Sofie Jonasson and Eva Fallström for kindly Björn Bengtsson, Karin Bergström, Stefan Börjesson, providing samples from wild hedgehogs. Helle Ericsson Unnerstad, Christina Greko, Annica Landén, Oskar Nilsson and Märit Pringle. The National Food Administration for collecting samples of intestinal content from healty animals at slaughter for the studies of indicator bacteria. Other contributors in SWEDRES National Board of Health and Welfare Environmental departments in several municipalites for Anastasios Pantelis collecting samples of fresh meat from retail for ESBL- screening. Other contributors in SVARM National Veterinary Institute Kerstin Ekström, Maria Finn, Mattias Myrenås and Eva Säker Farm & Animal Health Maria Lindberg Swedish Board of Agriculture Kinfe Girma SWEDRES |SVARM 2015 5 Content Preface ...................................................................................3 Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis Contributors and participants ...............................................4 and Enterococcus faecium (VRE) ......................................58 Sammanfattning/Summary ...................................................7 In focus A potential clone shift Guidance for readers ...........................................................13 of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from ST71 to ST258 ..........................59 Consumption of antibiotics ...............................................17 Streptococcus pneumoniae with Total consumption of antibiotics in humans ....................17 reduced susceptibility to penicillin (PNSP) ..................61 Antibiotics in outpatient care ............................................18 In focus Sales of polymyxins and occurrence Gender differences ........................................................18 of the mcr-1 gene in bacteria from humans, animals and food in Sweden ..........................................62 Antibiotics commonly used to treat respiratory tract infections, urinary tract Zoonotic pathogens ..........................................................64
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Diverse Search for Synthetic, Semisynthetic and Natural Product Antibiotics from the 1940S and up to 1960 Exemplified by a Small Pharmaceutical Player
    The Diverse Search for Synthetic, Semisynthetic and Natural Product Antibiotics From the 1940s and Up to 1960 Exemplified by a Small Pharmaceutical Player Leisner, Jørgen J. Published in: Frontiers in Microbiology DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00976 Publication date: 2020 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Leisner, J. J. (2020). The Diverse Search for Synthetic, Semisynthetic and Natural Product Antibiotics From the 1940s and Up to 1960 Exemplified by a Small Pharmaceutical Player. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, [976]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00976 Download date: 29. Sep. 2021 fmicb-11-00976 June 10, 2020 Time: 21:55 # 1 REVIEW published: 12 June 2020 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00976 The Diverse Search for Synthetic, Semisynthetic and Natural Product Antibiotics From the 1940s and Up to 1960 Exemplified by a Small Pharmaceutical Player Jørgen J. Leisner* Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark The 1940s and 1950s witnessed a diverse search for not just natural product antibiotics but also for synthetic and semisynthetic compounds. This review revisits this epoch, using the research by a Danish pharmaceutical company, LEO Pharma, as an example. LEO adopted a strategy searching for synthetic antibiotics toward specific bacterial Edited by: Rustam Aminov, pathogens, in particular Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leading to the discovery of a University of Aberdeen, new derivative of a known drug. Work on penicillin during and after WWII lead to the United Kingdom development of associated salts/esters and a search for new natural product antibiotics.
    [Show full text]
  • Oral Presentations September 23Rd - Rooms 1,2 and 3
    Oral Presentations September 23rd - Rooms 1,2 and 3 Presentation Date Abstract Authors Presenter´s name - Theme Title Code indicated by the author 18498 Thomas Smits; Femke Gresnigt; Thomas Smits Clinical Toxicology/drugs of PERFORMANCE OF AN IMMUNOASSAY Eric Franssen; Milly Attema-de abuse METHOD FOR GAMMA-HYDROXYBUTYRIC Jonge ACID (GHB) IN PATIENTS PRESENTED AT THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT, A PROSPECTIVE STUDY 18499 Thomas Smits; Femke Gresnigt; Thomas Smits Clinical Toxicology/drugs of DO WE NEED POINT-OF-CARE TESTING OF Milly Attema-de Jonge; Eric abuse GAMMA-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID (GHB) AT Fransse THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT? September 23 18730 Lilian H.J. Richter; Julia Menges; Lea Wagmann Clinical Toxicology/drugs of NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES: Lea Wagmann; Simon D. Brandt; abuse METABOLIC FATE, ISOZYME-MAPPING, 13:30 - 14:45 Folker Westphal; Veit Flockerzi; AND PLASMA PROTEIN BINDING OF 5-APB- ROOM 1 Markus R. Meyer NBOME, 2C-B-FLY-NB2ETO5CL, AND 2C-B- FLY-NBOME 18985 Annelies Cannaert; Marie Annelies Cannaert Clinical Toxicology/drugs of HIDE AND SEEK: OVERCOMING THE Deventer; Melissa Fogarty; abuse MASKING EFFECT OF OPIOID Amanda L.A. Mohr; Christophe P. ANTAGONISTS IN ACTIVITY-BASED Stove SCREENING TESTS 18740 Souleiman El Balkhi ; Roland Souleiman El Balkhi Clinical Toxicology/drugs of METABOLIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN Lawson; Franck Saint-Marcoux abuse OXYCODONE, BENZODIAZEPINES OR DESIGNER BENZODIAZEPINES PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN OXYCODONE INTOXICATIONS 19050 Brenda de Winter F de Velde; MN Brenda de Winter Anti-infective drugs POPULATION
    [Show full text]
  • Therapeutic Alternatives for Drug-Resistant Cabapenemase- Producing Enterobacteria
    THERAPEUTIC ALTERNATIVES FOR MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT AND EXTREMELY All isolates resistant to carbapenems were evaluated Fig. 1: Susceptibility (%) of Carbapenemase-producing MDRE Fig. 3: Susceptibility (%) of VIM-producing MDRE to Alternative DRUG-RESISTANT CABAPENEMASE- for the presence of genes encoding carbapenemases to Alternative Antibiotics Antibiotics PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIA OXA-48-like, KPC, GES, NDM, VIM, IMP and GIM. M. Almagro*, A. Kramer, B. Gross, S. Suerbaum, S. Schubert. Max Von Pettenkofer Institut, Faculty of Medicine. LMU Munich, München, Germany. RESULTS BACKROUND 44 isolates of CPE were collected: OXA-48 (n=29), VIM (n=9), NDM-1 (n=5), KPC (n=1) and GES (n=1). The increasing emergence and dissemination of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli has From the 44 CPE isolates, 26 isolates were identified reduced significantly the options for sufficient as Klebsiella pneumoniae (68% of the OXA-48 CPE), 8 Fig. 2: Susceptibility (%) of OXA-48-producing MDRE to Fig. 4: Susceptibility (%) of NDM-producing MDRE to Alternative antibiotic therapy. The genes encoding most of these as Escherichia coli, 6 as Enterobacter cloacae, 2 as Alternative Antibiotics Antibiotics carbapenemases reside on plasmids or transposons Citrobacter freundii,1 as Providencia stuartii and 1 as carrying additional resistance genes which confer Morganella morganii. multidrug resistance to the isolates. 31 isolates (70%) were causing an infection, including urinary tract infection (20%), respiratory tract MATERIALS AND METHODS infection (18%), abdominal infection (18%), bacteraemia (9%) and skin and soft tissue infection In the present study, we tested the in vitro activity of (5%). 13 isolates were believed to be colonizers. antimicrobial agents against a well-characterized c o l l e c t i o n o f c a r b a p e n e m a s e - p r o d u c i n g Isolates were classified as 32 MDRE and 13 XDRE.
    [Show full text]
  • National Antibiotic Consumption for Human Use in Sierra Leone (2017–2019): a Cross-Sectional Study
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Article National Antibiotic Consumption for Human Use in Sierra Leone (2017–2019): A Cross-Sectional Study Joseph Sam Kanu 1,2,* , Mohammed Khogali 3, Katrina Hann 4 , Wenjing Tao 5, Shuwary Barlatt 6,7, James Komeh 6, Joy Johnson 6, Mohamed Sesay 6, Mohamed Alex Vandi 8, Hannock Tweya 9, Collins Timire 10, Onome Thomas Abiri 6,11 , Fawzi Thomas 6, Ahmed Sankoh-Hughes 12, Bailah Molleh 4, Anna Maruta 13 and Anthony D. Harries 10,14 1 National Disease Surveillance Programme, Sierra Leone National Public Health Emergency Operations Centre, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Cockerill, Wilkinson Road, Freetown, Sierra Leone 2 Department of Community Health, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone 3 Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; [email protected] 4 Sustainable Health Systems, Freetown, Sierra Leone; [email protected] (K.H.); [email protected] (B.M.) 5 Unit for Antibiotics and Infection Control, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Folkhalsomyndigheten, SE-171 82 Stockholm, Sweden; [email protected] 6 Pharmacy Board of Sierra Leone, Central Medical Stores, New England Ville, Freetown, Sierra Leone; [email protected] (S.B.); [email protected] (J.K.); [email protected] (J.J.); [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (O.T.A.); [email protected] (F.T.) Citation: Kanu, J.S.; Khogali, M.; 7 Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hann, K.; Tao, W.; Barlatt, S.; Komeh, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown 0000, Sierra Leone 8 J.; Johnson, J.; Sesay, M.; Vandi, M.A.; Directorate of Health Security & Emergencies, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Sierra Leone National Tweya, H.; et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Allosteric Drug Transport Mechanism of Multidrug Transporter Acrb
    ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24151-3 OPEN Allosteric drug transport mechanism of multidrug transporter AcrB ✉ Heng-Keat Tam 1,3,4 , Wuen Ee Foong 1,4, Christine Oswald1,2, Andrea Herrmann1, Hui Zeng1 & ✉ Klaas M. Pos 1 Gram-negative bacteria maintain an intrinsic resistance mechanism against entry of noxious compounds by utilizing highly efficient efflux pumps. The E. coli AcrAB-TolC drug efflux pump + 1234567890():,; contains the inner membrane H /drug antiporter AcrB comprising three functionally inter- dependent protomers, cycling consecutively through the loose (L), tight (T) and open (O) state during cooperative catalysis. Here, we present 13 X-ray structures of AcrB in inter- mediate states of the transport cycle. Structure-based mutational analysis combined with drug susceptibility assays indicate that drugs are guided through dedicated transport chan- nels toward the drug binding pockets. A co-structure obtained in the combined presence of erythromycin, linezolid, oxacillin and fusidic acid shows binding of fusidic acid deeply inside the T protomer transmembrane domain. Thiol cross-link substrate protection assays indicate that this transmembrane domain-binding site can also accommodate oxacillin or novobiocin but not erythromycin or linezolid. AcrB-mediated drug transport is suggested to be allos- terically modulated in presence of multiple drugs. 1 Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 2 Sosei Heptares, Steinmetz Building, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, UK. 3Present
    [Show full text]
  • General Items
    Essential Medicines List (EML) 2019 Application for the inclusion of imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, as reserve second-line drugs for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (complementary lists of anti-tuberculosis drugs for use in adults and children) General items 1. Summary statement of the proposal for inclusion, change or deletion This application concerns the updating of the forthcoming WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (EML) and WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (EMLc) to include the following medicines: 1) Imipenem/cilastatin (Imp-Cln) to the main list but NOT the children’s list (it is already mentioned on both lists as an option in section 6.2.1 Beta Lactam medicines) 2) Meropenem (Mpm) to both the main and the children’s lists (it is already on the list as treatment for meningitis in section 6.2.1 Beta Lactam medicines) 3) Clavulanic acid to both the main and the children’s lists (it is already listed as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Amx-Clv), the only commercially available preparation of clavulanic acid, in section 6.2.1 Beta Lactam medicines) This application makes reference to amendments recommended in particular to section 6.2.4 Antituberculosis medicines in the latest editions of both the main EML (20th list) and the EMLc (6th list) released in 2017 (1),(2). On the basis of the most recent Guideline Development Group advising WHO on the revision of its guidelines for the treatment of multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant (MDR/RR-TB)(3), the applicant considers that the three agents concerned be viewed as essential medicines for these forms of TB in countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Data on Before and After the Traceability System of Veterinary Antimicrobial Prescriptions in Small Animals at the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Naples
    animals Article Data on before and after the Traceability System of Veterinary Antimicrobial Prescriptions in Small Animals at the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Naples Claudia Chirollo , Francesca Paola Nocera , Diego Piantedosi, Gerardo Fatone , Giovanni Della Valle, Luisa De Martino * and Laura Cortese Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples, “Federico II”, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (C.C.); [email protected] (F.P.N.); [email protected] (D.P.); [email protected] (G.F.); [email protected] (G.D.V.); [email protected] (L.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-081-253-6180 Simple Summary: Veterinary electronic prescription (VEP) is mandatory by law, dated 20 November 2017, No. 167 (European Law 2017) Article 3, and has been implemented in Italy since April 2019. In this study, the consumption of antimicrobials before and after the mandatory use of VEP was analyzed at the Italian University Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Naples in order to understand how the traceability of antimicrobials influences veterinary prescriptions. The applicability and utility of VEP may present an effective surveillance strategy able to limit both the improper use of Citation: Chirollo, C.; Nocera, F.P.; antimicrobials and the spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens, which have become a worrying Piantedosi, D.; Fatone, G.; Della Valle, threat both in veterinary and human medicine. G.; De Martino, L.; Cortese, L. Data on before and after the Traceability Abstract: Over recent decades, antimicrobial resistance has been considered one of the most relevant System of Veterinary Antimicrobial issues of public health.
    [Show full text]
  • First Case of Staphylococci Carrying Linezolid Resistance Genes from Laryngological Infections in Poland
    pathogens Article First Case of Staphylococci Carrying Linezolid Resistance Genes from Laryngological Infections in Poland Michał Michalik 1, Maja Kosecka-Strojek 2,* , Mariola Wolska 2, Alfred Samet 1, Adrianna Podbielska-Kubera 1 and Jacek Mi˛edzobrodzki 2 1 MML Medical Centre, Bagno 2, 00-112 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (A.S.); [email protected] (A.P.-K.) 2 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; [email protected] (M.W.); [email protected] (J.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Linezolid is currently used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive cocci. Both linezolid-resistant S. aureus (LRSA) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) strains have been collected worldwide. Two isolates carrying linezolid resistance genes were recovered from laryngological patients and characterized by determining their antimicrobial resistance patterns and using molecular methods such as spa typing, MLST, SCCmec typing, detection of virulence genes and ica operon expression, and analysis of antimicrobial resistance determinants. Both isolates were multidrug resistant, including resistance to methicillin. The S. aureus strain was identified as ST- 398/t4474/SCCmec IVe, harboring adhesin, hemolysin genes, and the ica operon. The S. haemolyticus strain was identified as ST-42/mecA-positive and harbored hemolysin genes. Linezolid resistance Citation: Michalik, M.; S. aureus Kosecka-Strojek, M.; Wolska, M.; in strain was associated with the mutations in the ribosomal proteins L3 and L4, and in Samet, A.; Podbielska-Kubera, A.; S.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Enrofloxacin for Veterinary Use Tessa Trouchon, Sebastien Lefebvre
    A Review of Enrofloxacin for Veterinary Use Tessa Trouchon, Sebastien Lefebvre To cite this version: Tessa Trouchon, Sebastien Lefebvre. A Review of Enrofloxacin for Veterinary Use. Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2016, 6 (2), pp.40-58. 10.4236/ojvm.2016.62006. hal-01503397 HAL Id: hal-01503397 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01503397 Submitted on 7 Apr 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2016, 6, 40-58 Published Online February 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojvm http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2016.62006 A Review of Enrofloxacin for Veterinary Use Tessa Trouchon, Sébastien Lefebvre USC 1233 INRA-Vetagro Sup, Veterinary School of Lyon, Marcy l’Etoile, France Received 12 January 2016; accepted 21 February 2016; published 26 February 2016 Copyright © 2016 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract This review outlines the current knowledge on the use of enrofloxacin in veterinary medicine from biochemical mechanisms to the use in the field conditions and even resistance and ecotoxic- ity.
    [Show full text]
  • Combination of Minocycline and Rifampicin Against Methicillin- and Gentamicin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
    J Clin Pathol: first published as 10.1136/jcp.34.5.559 on 1 May 1981. Downloaded from J Clin Pathol 1981 ;34:559-563 Combination of minocycline and rifampicin against methicillin- and gentamicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus E YOURASSOWSKY, MP VAN DER LINDEN, MJ LISMONT, F CROKAERT From the H6pital Universitaire Brugmann, Service de Biologie Clinique, 1020 Bruxelles, Belgique SUMMARY Methicillin- and gentamicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus may remain sensitive to minocycline and to rifampicin. A study of growth curves has shown that at inhibitory concentrations (0-4 ,ug/ml), minocycline prevents the development of mutants resistant to rifampicin. Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and strains of different phage type were selected for this gentamicin is responsible for an increasing number of investigation. hospital infections, some of which are severe.1-7 A number of treatments have been suggested although Microbial strains vancomycin is often the only major antibiotic which Minocycline HCL (Cyanamid Benelux, batch no is active against these strains. However, it is necessary 7116B-172). Rifampicin (Lepetit, batch no P/4) copyright. to assess the effect of the "second choice" antibiotics. (solution in dimethyl formamide). The MICs of The risk of rapid development of resistance to minocycline (tube dilution method in Mueller Hinton rifampicin is well known,8 9 and in spite of the medium, inoculum 106 micro-organisms/ml) were excellent penetration particularly in polymor- 0-2 ,ug/ml for all the strains. Rifampicin showed phonuclear cells of this antibiotic,10 11 its use alone is minimal inhibitory activity in liquid medium up to contraindicated. Minocycline is active against Staph a concentration of 0-01 ,ug/ml.
    [Show full text]
  • Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice (2Nd Edition) Iii
    ii Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice (2nd edition) iii Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice, 2nd edition Publisher: Companion Animal Group, Danish Veterinary Association, Peter Bangs Vej 30, 2000 Frederiksberg Authors of the guidelines: Lisbeth Rem Jessen (University of Copenhagen) Peter Damborg (University of Copenhagen) Anette Spohr (Evidensia Faxe Animal Hospital) Sandra Goericke-Pesch (University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover) Rebecca Langhorn (University of Copenhagen) Geoffrey Houser (University of Copenhagen) Jakob Willesen (University of Copenhagen) Mette Schjærff (University of Copenhagen) Thomas Eriksen (University of Copenhagen) Tina Møller Sørensen (University of Copenhagen) Vibeke Frøkjær Jensen (DTU-VET) Flemming Obling (Greve) Luca Guardabassi (University of Copenhagen) Reproduction of extracts from these guidelines is only permitted in accordance with the agreement between the Ministry of Education and Copy-Dan. Danish copyright law restricts all other use without written permission of the publisher. Exception is granted for short excerpts for review purposes. iv Foreword The first edition of the Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice was published in autumn of 2012. The aim of the guidelines was to prevent increased antibiotic resistance. A questionnaire circulated to Danish veterinarians in 2015 (Jessen et al., DVT 10, 2016) indicated that the guidelines were well received, and particularly that active users had followed the recommendations. Despite a positive reception and the results of this survey, the actual quantity of antibiotics used is probably a better indicator of the effect of the first guidelines. Chapter two of these updated guidelines therefore details the pattern of developments in antibiotic use, as reported in DANMAP 2016 (www.danmap.org).
    [Show full text]
  • New Β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations: Options for Treatment; Challenges for Testing
    MEDICAL/SCIENTIFIC AffAIRS BULLETIN New β-lactamase Inhibitor Combinations: Options for Treatment; Challenges for Testing Background The β-lactam class of antimicrobial agents has played a crucial role in the treatment of infectious diseases since the discovery of penicillin, but β–lactamases (enzymes produced by the bacteria that can hydrolyze the β-lactam core of the antibiotic) have provided an ever expanding threat to their successful use. Over a thousand β-lactamases have been described. They can be divided into classes based on their molecular structure (Classes A, B, C and D) or their function (e.g., penicillinase, oxacillinase, extended-spectrum activity, or carbapenemase activity).1 While the first approach to addressing the problem ofβ -lactamases was to develop β-lactamase stable β-lactam antibiotics, such as extended-spectrum cephalosporins, another strategy that has emerged is to combine existing β-lactam antibiotics with β-lactamase inhibitors. Key β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations that have been used widely for over a decade include amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, and pipercillin/tazobactam. The continued use of β-lactams has been threatened by the emergence and spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and more recently by carbapenemases. The global spread of carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPOs) including Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii, limits the use of all β-lactam agents, including extended-spectrum cephalosporins (e.g., cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ceftazidime) and the carbapenems (doripenem, ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem). This has led to international concern and calls to action, including encouraging the development of new antimicrobial agents, enhancing infection prevention, and strengthening surveillance systems.
    [Show full text]