Fall 2015 Palm Sale

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November 2015 Fall 2015

Palm Show and Sale

Hundreds of Species of Rare and Exotic Palms

Tahina spectabilis Free palm seedling to every guest Sale Issue while supplies last

Dypsis pinnatifrons

at Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden November 7 and 8 9:30 am to 4:30 pm

President’s Message

Welcome to the 2015 Fall Show & Sale of the South Florida Palm Society. Take a leisurely walk through our sale area in the Montgomery Palmetum to see the large selection of species offered by our vendors. You’ll also find a couple of fine artists among the palm growers.

Our activities as an organization include tours of nurseries or notable yards to let members see which palms are being grown successfully in our region and how they can be used to enhance landscapes. The Fall Tour on October 17 took us to Plant Creations, Gary Wilkins, and To-Be Farms. Among the highlights was the rare chance to see a large Cuban Petticoat Palm in the late stages of the lengthy process of being root-pruned for relocation.

We also have a long history of supporting worthy research and other palm-related activities. With respect to our 2015 theme, Palms of Madagascar, I’m reminded that the South Florida Palm Society had a role in driving research on those species. We made two significant donations toward the publication by Drs. John Dransfield and Natalie Uhl of their outstanding volume, Genera Palmarum: A Classification of Palms Based on the Work of Harold E. Moore, Jr. That study introduced a major reclassification of Malagasy species, a topic that had been of special interest to Dr. Moore. And the success of GP was soon followed by the explorations by Drs. Dransfield and Henk Beentje that revolutionized our understanding of the palms of Madagascar. SFPS Board of Directors 2015

We hope you enjoy your visit to our sale. Knowledgeable vendors will be happy to assist you in finding the right plants for your home setting. To help you make wise choices, you can, withLenny a little Goldstein exploration of the Garden's beautifulPresident grounds, observe mature examples of many of the species being offered for sale. While in the Palmetum, be sure to stop by the informationEllis Brown table to pick up a free palm seedlingVice and President free seeds, as well as to get advice on howTim to McKernangrow and maintain your palms. AndTreasurer for the first time in a couple of decades, you willLou be Sguros able to pick up a free PLANT A PALMCorresponding bumper sticker and and buy a new South Florida Palm Society T-shirt. Recording Secretary

Finally,Rick we Johnsonencourage you to attend our meetings,Director held at the Garden at 7:00 pm on the first MondayMike Tevelonis of even-numbered months. Admission Director is free to all but the December meeting, whichKevin is the McLeod occasion of not only our holiday party,Director but also our huge annual auction. However,Steve for Pearson $10 each, guests are welcome to Director enjoy the bounteous dinner and bid on excellentBill plants.Olson , Jr. Director

Thanks again for helping support the South Florida Palm Society.

Leonard Goldstein

This publication is produced by the South Florida Palm Society as a service to its members. The statements and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the SFPS, its Board of Directors or its editors. Likewise, the appearance of advertisers does not constitute an endorsement of the products of featured services.

Our Mission

The South Florida Palm Society is a not-for-profit organization whose mission is to disseminate information about and encourage interest in palms and the use of those plants. Funds donated to the Chapter through its annual sales have been used to help support Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Montgomery Botanical Center and other institutions, individual research, planting projects and educational efforts.

Membership / Renewal forms at www.southfloridapalmsociety.org

Dypsis madagascariensis

Membership / Renewal forms at www.southfloridapalmsociety.org

Shoppers heft fruit of Borassus aethiopum Fruit of Pelagodoxa henryana

Bismarckia nobilis

Palms of Madagascar Conclusion

The Spring issue of the Palm Report provided an overview of the native palms – almost all of them endemic – of the island of Madagascar and its maritime neighbors.1 The report also surveyed a number of the more remarkable species, but left discussion of the large pinnate genus Dypsis for the Fall issue. That time has arrived.

There is not an ounce of hyperbole in Dypsis crinita, found only in Madagascar, is nearing threatened status in the wild. referring to Dypsis as a large genus, for some 75% of Madagascar’s native palm species reside within it. 1987 stands as a seminal date for the genus. In that year, Drs. Dransfield and Uhl published Genera Palmarum: A Classification of Palms Based on the Work of Harold E. Moore, Jr., therein delivering a jolt to the palm world by sinking six diverse Malagasy genera into one – Dypsis. Gone were Chrysalidocarpus, Neodypsis, Neophloga, Phloga and Vonitra. By virtue of that major reclassification, Dypsis suddenly encompassed a broad collection of characters; dwarf undergrowth or large tree species, solitary or clustering stems, multi-colored crownshafts, smooth or Dypsis sp. ‘florencei’ fiber-covered trunks. It even comprised species that branch above ground, a rarity among the Palmae. .

As mentioned in Part I of this article, Drs. Dransfield and Beentje, in their 1994 publication, The Palms of Madagascar, listed 140 Dypsis species. For an island still loaded with botanical unknowns, it should come as no surprise that many more have been described since then. The source for the latest census of Dypsis is The Plant List, a working catalogue of all recognized plant species. The latest version, released in September 2013, comprises over one million scientific plant names at the species level, of which 33% rank as the currently accepted names, rather than synonyms or unresolved names. It is a collaborative undertaking between the Missouri Botanical Garden and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Importantly, its site managers advise that “The Plant List is not perfect and represents work in progress. Our aims remain to produce a ‘best effort’ list, to demonstrate progress and to stimulate further work.”2

According to The Plant List, there are now 162 accepted Dypsis species names. They are enumerated at the end of this article. Following are descriptions of a sampling of Dypsis species which are desirable for one trait or another. Some do well as inground plantings in southern Florida, while others are best grown in containers. This survey is meant to be illustrative of the variety within the genus, rather than exhaustive. Many more than the 15 species of Dypsis highlighted here perform well in our region.

D. albofarinosa, the clustering White Powder Dypsis, was found in cultivation before it was known in habitat. That occurred around 1990, when a number of seedlings grown from a batch of seeds purchased as D. baronii turned out to be a different, unknown palm. This new species was first described just over 10 years ago. By the time later on when it was finally discovered in the wild, in a very small area of inland eastern Madagascar, fewer than 20 mature specimens were found. A powdery-white wax coating (indument) on its crownshafts – and briefly on its upper stems – makes it a striking ornamental. It also has attractively-arched leaves with long, thin, drooping leaflets. A slow grower, its stems at maturity can reach 15 ft. in height and 1½ to 2 in. in diameter. Its IUCN Red List conservation status is Critically Endangered, with a decreasing population trend. Often a species’ decline in habitat is attributed to urbanization or land clearing for farming. However, according to the IUCN, the threat to D. albofarinosa is “due to the impact of seed collectors.” This is, of course, not the first time that the passion to satisfy an overseas market has jeopardized the existence of a plant species. If you doubt that claim, just try finding Rhapis excelsa in the wild. How to achieve

9 balance between collecting species and preserving them in habitat is still a dicey proposition.

D. cabadae is a clumping species that features dark green stems punctuated by nearly-white ringlike leaf scars. Over time it can reach 30 to 40 ft. in height and about 3½ in. in diameter. It became a much-desired alternative to D. lutescens when commercial production started in the 1980s. This palm has followed probably the most curious route of any Dypsis species to reach the United States. Stanley Kiem, now the last surviving founding member of the International Palm Society, brought it to Miami following a trip to Cuba in the 1950s. But it was unknown in Madagascar or nearby islands, where all other members of the species are endemic. Its origin eluded experts until recent years, when it was discovered in the Comoro Islands northwest of Madagascar. But how did D. cabadae get to Cuba in the first place? The best guess is that Dr. Cabada, for whom the palm was named, obtained it for his garden near Cienfuegos from a ship captain whom he had asked to collect palms from his various destinations around the tropics. The conservation status of this species has not yet been assessed for the IUCN Red List.

D. carlsmithii is one of two palms commonly known as Stumpy, an example of the risk of referring to species by only a common name. But as that moniker implies, this Stumpy is one robust, sturdy palm. A slow-grower, it can reach a height of 20 to 40 ft., with a diameter of about 20 in. at eye level before tapering closer to the apex. One ornamental advantage of its slow growth is the close spacing of leaf scars. Beneath its arching leaves is an attractive orangey crownshaft. In midstate Florida even still-stemless young specimens have been reputed to easily withstand freezes. This species was first seen on the Hawaii estate of former International Palm Society President Donn Carlsmith, and for quite a while its origin was a mystery. It was not described botanically until 2012, and is known in the wild from just two sites whose combined population numbers fewer than 15 plants! Consequently, the IUCN Red List conservation status of D. carlsmithii is Critically Endangered, with an unknown population trend. It may prove beneficial, however, that both sites are in protected areas: Masoala National Park and the Analalava Reserve.

D. crinita possesses a growth habit rare in palms: It is simultaneously clustering and branching. Moreover, it is quite ornamental. Because its upper stems are covered with fibers, known as piassava, which emanate from leaf sheaths, it can be thought of as Madagascar’s Old Man Palm – if you somehow overlook the fact that it’s pinnate. Natively, it grows close enough to fast-moving streams to qualify, at

10 least at the juvenile stage, as a rheophyte. Consequently, when raised in cultivation, its moisture requirements should not be ignored. D. crinita can be grown in the ground in southern Florida, but its branched bearded trunks can also be shown off to great effect in a decorative container. In the wild, mature stem height is 13 to 49 ft., with a diameter of 5 to 8 in. Newly-opened leaves are reddish-brown – some say liver-colored – but variations in hue may be influenced by soil types. Numerous branched inflorescences produce purple-black fruit. Its IUCN Red List conservation status is Near Threatened, with an unknown population trend.

D. decaryi is the well-known Triangle Palm, a name that reflects the three-ranked (tristichous) pattern of leaf attachment to the trunk. It matures to 10 to 20 ft. in height, with a trunk diameter of roughly 12 to 16 in. Leaves and leaflets are strongly arched. The fruit of D. decaryi is attention-getting – almost round, about .7 in. in diameter, and coated with a white wax. Though this species grows in rocky soil in habitat, it produces a stouter trunk in southern Florida when planted in sand, rather than in limestone. A sun-lover, it nevertheless can adapt to the lower-light conditions of indoor culture. Ironically, while widespread in cultivation, it occurs endemically in a very confined area of dry forest or bush, so its IUCN Red List conservation status is Vulnerable, with a decreasing population trend.

D. lanceolata is another of the tiny handful of Malagasy palms actually native offshore, in this case the Comoro Islands. It is a clustering species reminiscent of D. cabadae, but with a notable difference: Its lanceolate leaflets are particularly broad for a Dypsis species. They have a tendency to attach to the rachis in multiple ranks, giving the frond a mildly plumose look. Stems reach 16 to 20 ft. in height, with a diameter of 3 to 4 in. A mature infructescence can carry thousands of slim, ellipsoid red fruits about ⅔ in. long. The IUCN Red List conservation status of D. lanceolata is Vulnerable, but said to need updating.

D. lastelliana, the Red Neck Palm, is popular for its fuzzy, rusty-red crownshaft. A solitary species endemic to the northern end of Madagascar, it reaches 16 to 49 ft. high, with a trunk diameter of 7 to 10 in. Its pendulous leaflets are arrayed in a regular pattern along the rachis. A particularly striking ornamental use is to plant it out in groups of three or more specimens. D. lastelliana favors warm, moist conditions. The similar-looking Teddy Bear Palm, D. leptocheilos, prefers a cooler, drier climate, and accordingly grows better in southern California than in our region. The IUCN Red List conservation status of D. lastelliana is Least Concern, with a stable population trend.

D. madagascariensis is, for at least a couple of reasons, an excellent palm for southern Florida. First, because part of its extensive range in the northwestern quadrant of Madagascar brings it next to the seashore, it is unfazed by salt air. Second, it reaches into drier forest than most other species in the genus, enabling it to thrive in our region without supplemental irrigation. It has both solitary and clumping forms; the specific or varietal name lucubensis that once was applied to the solitary form is no longer considered valid. Stem height ranges from 6½ to just under 60 ft., and diameter from 2¾ to about 8 in. The hard outer wood of D. madagascariensis is commonly used for floorboards in housing. Because its vast native range takes it into both dry and moist climates, its IUCN Red List conservation status is Least Concern, with a stable population trend.

D. mananjarensis is known in the trade as the Mealy Bug Palm, a reference to the prominent waxy, white scales borne on the leaf sheath, petiole and rachis. No other Dypsis species possesses such a feature. As a native of both moist and dry habitats, it fits well into the climatic patterns of southern Florida. Like D. decaryi, D. mananjarensis carries its leaves in three ranks. Leaflets vary from population to population; some are regularly-spaced along the rachis, while others are arrayed in groups. In habitat, trunks reach 20 to 81 ft. in height and 5½ to 11½ in. in diameter. Its IUCN conservation status is Near Threatened, due in part to its being harvested for its tasty heart. Its population trend is unknown.

D. pembana is known only from a single forest on Pemba, an island just off mainland Africa belonging to Tanzania. A clumping species, its stems vary from 13 to 39 ft. high and from 2 to 6 in. in diameter, and, like those of D. cabadae, bear strongly-defined leaf scars. Native to moist lowland habitat, it appreciates ample irrigation in cultivation. With the advantage of warm winters in Florida for the past five years, D. pembana has performed well at least as far north as inland Sarasota County, and it may well be that its cold tolerance is greater than initially presumed. Its IUCN Red List conservation status is Vulnerable, with a stable population trend.

D. pinnatifrons is fortunate to be among the most widespread of all Dypsis species, occurring up and down the length of Madagascar, particularly on the eastern side, and in both lowland and montane forest. It is also quite attractive, with slightly sigmoid (S-shaped) leaflets arranged in groups along the rachis. This solitary palm at maturity reaches 8 to 39 ft. in height and 1¾ to 6 in. in diameter. New leaves open red to maroon in color before turning a dark, glossy green. The range of

12 latitudes and altitudes in which D. pinnatifrons is native led Drs. Dransfield and Beentje to conclude that various strains of the species could be selected to suit specific climates in cultivation. However, in southern Florida, the high pH of most soils make this a palm better-suited to container culture. Its IUCN Red List conservation status is Least Concern, with a stable population trend.

D. prestoniana is the species named for Paul Preston, who as president of McDonald’s Restaurants in the United Kingdom sponsored Dr. John Dransfield’s four-year Madagascar palm project beginning in 1990. The palm was discovered quite by accident by Dr. Henk Beentje in 1992, and even then numbered no more than a couple of hundred plants. In its moist forest habitat, this single-trunked palm reaches 13 to 39 ft. in height and up to 16 in. in diameter. It sports a crown of 8 to 10 graceful leaves with irregularly-spaced leaflets. Its upright infructescence produces a prodigious number of orange fruits. D. prestoniana is best grown in southern Florida in a container. Its IUCN Red List conservation status is Vulnerable, with a decreasing population trend.

D. psammophila is native to eastern Madagascar, confined to a small white-sand coastal habitat which it shares with the much more widespread D. lutescens. In fact, the two clustering species are closely related, distinguished by the fact that D. psammophila produces thinner stems, smaller leaves, and smaller fruit and seed. Crownshafts feature white, waxy highlights. Maximum height is close to 20 ft., and stems turn nearly black with age. The IUCN Red List conservation status of D. psammophila is Endangered, with a decreasing population trend.

D. pusilla is one of the shorter-growing representatives of the genus. Native to shady valley bottoms in northeastern Madagascar, it can be both solitary and clustering in habit, its stems covered in dense, short piassava. New leaves of this species open red, and mature leaflets are glossy dark green and regularly-spaced along the rachis. Stems mature to 2½ to 6½ ft. in height and 1½ to 2 in. in diameter, though the leaf-sheath fibers make them appear about 5 in. across. D. pusilla produces fruit that ripens purple-black. The IUCN Red List conservation status of this species is Vulnerable, with a stable population trend.

D. saintelucei is another Malagasy palm that occurs in white sand. It is found only in four sites in a coastal forest of extreme southeastern Madagascar. Normally a single-trunked species, it sometimes produces two or three stems. Crownshafts are waxy green in color. Maximum height is in the 20 to 33 ft. range, and diameter is about 5½ in. Leaves are tristichous and have no petiole. When D. saintelucei was

13 last assessed, there were fewer than 300 individuals left in the wild. Its IUCN Red List conservation status is Endangered, with a decreasing population trend.

While these 15 species barely begin to tell the story of the great ornamental importance of the genus Dypsis, they should whet your appetite for their potential contributions to the creation of beautiful landscaping at your home in southern Florida.

L.G. ______

1 To read Part I of this article, please open www.southfloridapalmsociety.org and click on Palm Report - Example Issues - March 2015.

2 To search for species in any genus of vascular plants or Bryophytes, please see www.theplantlist.org.

Recognized Species of the Genus Dypsis

Dypsis acaulis Dypsis beentjei Dypsis confusa Dypsis acuminum Dypsis bejofo Dypsis cookii Dypsis albofarinosa Dypsis bernieriana Dypsis coriacea Dypsis ambanjae Dypsis betamponensis Dypsis corniculata Dypsis ambilaensis Dypsis betsimisarakae Dypsis coursii Dypsis ambositrae Dypsis boiviniana Dypsis crinita Dypsis andapae Dypsis bonsai Dypsis culminis Dypsis andilamenensis Dypsis bosseri Dypsis curtisii Dypsis andrianatonga Dypsis brevicaulis Dypsis decaryi Dypsis angusta Dypsis brittiana Dypsis decipiens Dypsis angustifolia Dypsis cabadae Dypsis delicatula Dypsis anjae Dypsis canaliculata Dypsis digitata Dypsis ankaizinensis Dypsis canescens Dypsis dracaenoides Dypsis ankirindro Dypsis carlsmithii Dypsis dransfieldii Dypsis antanambensis Dypsis catatiana Dypsis elegans Dypsis aquatilis Dypsis caudata Dypsis eriostachys Dypsis arenarum Dypsis ceracea Dypsis faneva Dypsis baronii Dypsis commersoniana Dypsis fanjana Dypsis basilonga Dypsis concinna Dypsis fasciculata

Dypsis fibrosa Dypsis marojejyi Dypsis sahanofensis Dypsis forficifolia Dypsis mcdonaldiana Dypsis sainteleuci Dypsis furcata Dypsis metallica Dypsis sancta Dypsis gautieri Dypsis minuta Dypsis sanctaemariae Dypsis glabrescens Dypsis mirabilis Dypsis scandens Dypsis gronophyllum Dypsis mocquerysiana Dypsis schatzii Dypsis henrici Dypsis monostachya Dypsis scottiana Dypsis heteromorpha Dypsis montana Dypsis serpentina Dypsis heterophylla Dypsis moorei Dypsis simianensis Dypsis hiarake Dypsis nauseosa Dypsis singularis Dypsis heterophylla Dypsis nodifera Dypsis soanieranae Dypsis hovomantsira Dypsis nossibensis Dypsis spicata Dypsis humbertii Dypsis occidentalis Dypsis tanalensis Dypsis humblotiana Dypsis onilahensis Dypsis tenuissima Dypsis humilis Dypsis oreophila Dypsis thermarum Dypsis ifanadianae Dypsis oropedionis Dypsis thiryana Dypsis integra Dypsis ovobontsira Dypsis thouarsiana Dypsis intermedia Dypsis pachyramea Dypsis tokoravina Dypsis interrupta Dypsis paludosa Dypsis trapezoidea Dypsis jeremiei Dypsis pembana Dypsis tsaratananensis Dypsis jumelieana Dypsis perrieri Dypsis tsaravoasira Dypsis laevis Dypsis pervillei Dypsis turkii Dypsis lanceolata Dypsis pilulifera Dypsis utilis Dypsis lantzeana Dypsis pinnatifrons Dypsis viridis Dypsis lanuginosa Dypsis plumosa Dypsis vonitrandambo Dypsis lastelliana Dypsis plurisecta Dypsis leptocheilos Dypsis poivreana Dypsis ligulata Dypsis prestoniana Dypsis linearis Dypsis procera Dypsis lokohoensis Dypsis procumbens Dypsis louvelii Dypsis psammophila Dypsis lucens Dypsis pulchella Dypsis lutea Dypsis pumila Dypsis lutescens Dypsis pusilla Dypsis madagascariensis Dypsis rakotonasoloi Dypsis mahia Dypsis ramentacea Dypsis makirae Dypsis reflexa Dypsis malcomberi Dypsis remotiflora Dypsis mananjarensis Dypsis rivularis Dypsis mangorensis Dypsis robusta

2015 Fall Palm Show & Sale South Florida Palm Society

Vendors #4 Bill Olson #31 Albert Livingston #35 Steve Stern #50 Faith Bishock #59 Botanics #66 Ron Croci #68 Ellis Brown #70 Andrew Street #72 MB Palms #84 Linda Apriletti #85 Theresa Marie Calluori #91 Jody Haynes

Following is an index to many of the species our vendors are offering.

SPECIES VENDOR NO. PALMS Acrocomia aculeata 50 Adonidia merrillii 31 Aiphanes horrida 72 Aiphanes minima 35 Allagoptera arenaria 66, 72 Allagoptera caudescens f/k/a Polyandrococos 72 Archontophoenix cunninghamiana 72 Archontophoenix maxima 50 Archontophoenix myolensis 50 Archontophoenix purpurea 50, 72 Areca catechu var. alba 35 Areca catechu ‘Dwarf’ 35, 66, 72 Areca macrocalyx 35 Areca vestiaria 35, 66 Areca vestiaria ‘Orange Form’ 66, 72 Areca vestiaria ‘Red Form’ 66, 68, 72 Areca cf. riparia 68 Areca sp. ‘worbo’ 68 Arenga australasica 50 Arenga engleri 31 Arenga sp. ‘Dwarf Sarawak’ 68 Asterogyne martiana 68 Asterogyne spicata 68 Astrocaryum alatum 50 Attalea cohune 72 Beccariophoenix alfredii 50, 59, 68, 72 Beccariophoenix madagascariensis 72 Bentinckia nicobarica 68 Bismarckia nobilis 31, 72 Borassus aethiopum 35, 50, 66, 72 Borassus aethiopum X flabellifer 50

Brahea edulis 50 Brahea sp. 50 Burretiokentia hapala 50, 68, 72 Butyagrus nabonnandiii ‘Mule Palm’ 72 Calyptrocalyx leptostachys 35, 68 Calyptrocalyx polyphyllus 68 Calyptrocalyx sp. ‘Sanumb’ 68 Calyptrogyne ghiesbreghtiana 35 Carpoxylon macrospermum 35, 66, 72 Caryota mitis 31 Caryota mitis (variegated) 35, 68, 72 Caryota obtusa f/k/a C. gigas 35, 72 Caryota ophiopellis 35 Caryota zebrina 35, 66, 72 Chamaedorea adscendens 72 Chamaedores arenbergiana 50 Chamaedorea brachypoda 68 Chamaedorea cataractarum 31, 72 Chamaedorea ernesti-augustii 66, 72 Chamaedorea hooperiana 72 Chamaedorea metallica 66, 72 Chamaedorea microspadix 50, 72 Chamaedorea stolonifera 66 Chamaedorea tuerckheimii 35 Chambeyronia hookeri 35, 66, 68, 72 Chambeyronia macrocarpa 31, 35, 66, 68, 72 Chambeyronia sp. ‘Houailou’ 66, 72 Chuniophoenix nana 66, 68 Coccothrinax alexandri 66 Coccothrinax argentata 59, 66 Coccothrinax borhidiana 35, 59, 66, 70, 72 Coccothrinax boschiana 50, 66 Coccothrinax crinita 31, 35, 59, 66, 72 Coccothrinax ekmanii 70 Coccothrinax gundlachii 66 Coccothrinax miraguama 50, 59, 66 19

Coccothrinax readii 59, 66 Coccothrinax sp. ‘azul’ 70 Coccothrinax sp. 31, 50 Cocos nucifera 31 Copernicia alba 72 Copernicia baileyana 31, 35, 66, 70, 72 Copernicia berteroana 50, 66 Copernicia cowellii 35, 66 Copernicia curtissii 35 Copernicia ekmanii 35, 66, 70 Copernicia fallaense 66 Copernicia gigas 66, 70 Copernicia hospita 35, 66, 70, 72 Copernicia macroglossa 31, 35, 66, 70 Copernicia prunifera 31 Copernicia rigida 50, 72 Copernicia spissa 70 Copernicia sp. 50 Corypha umbraculifera 35 Cryosophila stauracantha 59 Cryosophila warscewiczii 72 Cyphophoenix elegans 66, 72 Cyphophoenix nucele 66, 68 Cyphosperma trichospadix 68 Cyrtostachys elegans hybrid 72 Cyrtostachys renda 35, 66 Cyrtostachys renda (variegated) 68 Dictyocaryum lamarckianum 35, 68 Dictyosperma album 31 Dictyosperma furfuraceum 35 Dypsis amapasindavae 68 Dypsis ambanjae 68 Dypsis baronii 35 Dypsis bejofo 68 Dypsis cabadae 31, 66 Dypsis carlsmithii 72 20

Dypsis catatiana 68 Dypsis crinita 72 Dypsis curtisii 72 Dypsis decaryi 31, 72 Dypsis decipiens 72 Dypsis dransfieldii 72 Dypsis faneva 68 Dypsis hiarakae 68 Dypsis ifanadianae 68 Dypsis interrupta 68 Dypsis lanceolata 66 Dypsis lastelliana 72 Dypsis leptocheilos 66 Dypsis lutescens 72 Dypsis mananjarensis 72 Dypsis marojejyi ‘Mad Fox’ 72 Dypsis pembana 35, 50, 72 Dypsis pilulifera 35, 72 Dypsis prestoniana 68 Dypsis procera 68 Dypsis utilis 68 Dypsis sp. ‘bef’ 68 Dypsis sp. ‘florencei’ 35 Dypsis sp. ‘Jurassic Park’ 68 Dypsis sp. ‘vatouavy blue’ 68 Elaeis oleifera 50 Euterpe edulis 50 Gaussia attenuata 50 Gaussia princeps 50 Hemithrinax ekmaniana 35, 66, 72 Heterospathe cagayanensis 68 Hydriastele dransfieldii 50 Hydriastele pinangoides 68 Hyophorbe indica 72 Hyophorbe lagenicaulis 31 Hyophorbe verschaffeltii 31 21

Hyphaene coriacea 59, 72 Iguanura bicornis 68 Iguanura tenuifolia 68 Iguanura wallichiana 68 Iguanura wallichiana ‘major’ 68 Iguanura sp. (entire leaf) 68 Iriartea deltoidea 68 Itaya amicorum 50 Johannesteijsmannia altifrons 35, 66, 72 Johannesteijsmannia magnifica 66, 72 Kentiopsis magnifica 66 Kentiopsis oliviformis 35, 50, 66 Kentiopsis pyriformis 66 Kerriodoxa elegans 35, 72 Lanonia dasyantha f/k/a Licuala radula, dasyantha 35, 68, 72 Latania loddigesii 72 Latania lontaroides 31, 59 Lemurophoenix halleuxii 68 Leucothrinax morrisii f/k/a Thrinax morrisii 31 Licuala bracteata 68 Licuala concinna 68 Licuala elegans 35 Licuala grandis 35, 66, 70, 72 Licuala naumanii 59 Licuala orbicularis 72 Licuala parviflora 72 Licuala peltata var. sumawongii 50, 59, 66, 68, 72 Licuala poonsakii 68 Licuala ramsayi 35, 59, 72 Licuala sallehana 35 Licuala spinosa 72 Licuala terengganuensis 68 Licuala tiomanensis 68 Licuala sp. ‘mapu’ 68 Livistona decora (f/k/a L. decipiens) 50 Livistona fulva 50, 72 22

Livistona jenkinsiana 50 Livistona nitida 50 Livistona rigida 50 Livistona saribus 50 Lytocaryum weddellianum 35, 72 Marojejya darianii 68 Neoveitchia storckii 35, 66, 72 Nephrosperma vanhoutteanum 68 Normanbya normanbyi 66 Oncosperma tigillarium 50 Orania decipiens var. montana 68 Orania sylvicola 68 Pelagodoxa henryana 35, 50 Phoenicophorium borsigianum 35, 68 Phoenix acaulis 50, 72 Phoenix roebelenii 31 Phoenix sylvestris 31 Pigafetta filaris 35 Pinanga copelandii 68 Pinanga coronata 68 Pinanga crassipes 68 Pinanga glaucifolia 68 Pinanga kuhlii 72 Pinanga patula 68 Pinanga philippinensis 35 Pinanga sessilifolia 68 Pritchardia hillebrandii 68 Pritchardia pacifica 50, 68 Pseudophoenix ekmanii 66 Pseudophoenix sargentii 31, 35, 59, 66, 72 Pseudophoenix sargentii var. navassana 66 Pseudophoenix vinifera 59, 66 Ptyshosperma caryotoides 66 Ptychosperma cuneatum 50 Ptychosperma elegans 31 Ptychosperma furcatum 66 23

Ptychosperma macarthurii 31 Ptychosperma salomonense 66 Ptychosperma schefferi 50, 66 Ptychosperma waitianum 68 Ptychosperma sp. ‘bubuvva’ 66 Ptychosperma (hybrid) 50 Ravenea hildebrandtii 35 Reinhardtia sp. (new) 68 Rhapis excelsa 31, 59, 66, 72 Rhapis excelsa (variegated) 35, 66, 72 Rhapis multifida 59, 66, 72 Rhopaloblaste augusta 70 Rhopalostylis sp. 35 Roscheria melanochaetes 35, 68 Roystonea regia 72 Sabal maritima 50 Sabal mexicana 50 Sabal minor 50 Sabal palmetto ‘Lisa’ 35 Sabinaria magnifica 35, 72 Salacca dransfieldii 35 Salacca magnifica 35 Salacca wallichiana 50 Saribus rotundifolius f/k/a Livistona rotundifolia 72 Satakentia liukiuensis 35, 59, 66, 72 Serenoa repens 59 Serenoa repens ‘Silver Form’ 72 Syagrus amara 66 Syagrus botryophora 50, 72 Syagrus cearensis 50 Syagrus schizophylla 72 Thrinax morrisii 59 Thrinax parviflora subsp. parviflora 35 Thrinax radiata 31, 72 Trachycarpus martiana 50 Trithrinax schizophylla 50 24

Veitchia arecina f/k/a V. montgomeryana 31 Verschaffeltia splendida 35, 66, 68, 72 Wodyetia bifurcata 31 Wodyetia bifurcata X Veitchia sp. 50 Zombia antillarum 31, 35, 50, 66

CYCADS Ceratozamia hildae 66 Ceratozamia kuesteriana 91 Ceratozamia miqueliana 66, 91 Ceratozamia robusta 72 Cycas debaoensis 59, 68, 72 Dioon califanoi 66 Dioon edule 31, 72, 91 Dioon mejiae 68, 91 Dioon merolae 66, 91 Dioon spinulosum 31, 72, 91 Encephalartos aemulans 91 Encephalartos altensteinii 91 Encephalartos aplanatus 91 Encephalartos arenarius 68 Encephalartos arenarius ‘Blue Form’ 91 Encephalartos cerinus ‘Blue Form’ 91 Encephalartos dyerianus 91 Encephalartos ferox 59, 91 Encephalartos horridus 68, 91 Encephalartos horridus ‘Dwarf’ 91 Encephalartos lebomboensis 91 Encephalartos lebomboensis ‘Piet Retief’ 91 Encephalartos lehmannii 66, 68 Encephalartos longifolius 68 Encephalartos longifolius ‘Blue Form’ 91 Encephalartos msinganus 68, 91

Encephalartos natalensis 91 Encephalartos nubimontanus 91 Encephalartos sclavoi 68 Encephalartos senticosus 91 Encephalartos transvenosus 91 Encephalartos trispinosus 68, 91 Encephalartos vollosus 91 Lepidozamia hopei 91 Zamia fairchildiana 72, 91 Zamia integrifolia f/k/a Z. floridana 72 Zamia loddigesii 91 Zamia muricata 91 Zamia nesophila 72 Zamia purpurea 68 Zamia roezlii 66 Zamia splendens 66, 91 Zamia standleyi 66, 91 Zamia tuerckheimii 66, 72 Zamia variegata f/k/a Z. picta 59, 66 Zamia vasquezii 91

Bismarckia nobilis 26