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Building on Our Strengths: Evaluating Transit-Oriented Development

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Building on Our Strengths: Evaluating Transit-Oriented Development MARCH 2017 ON BUILDING OUR STRENGTHS Evaluating Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Opportunities in Greater Philadelphia The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission is dedicated to uniting the region’s elected officials, planning professionals, and the public with a common vision of making a great region even greater. Shaping the way we live, work, and play, DVRPC builds consensus on improving transportation, promoting smart growth, protecting the environment, and enhancing the economy. We serve a diverse region of nine counties: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia in Pennsylvania; and Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, and Mercer in New Jersey. DVRPC is the federally designated Metropolitan Planning Organization for the Greater Philadelphia Region — leading the way to a better future. The symbol in our logo is adapted from the official DVRPC seal and is designed as a stylized image of the Delaware Valley. The outer ring symbolizes the region as a whole while the diagonal bar signifies the Delaware River. The two adjoining crescents represent the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the State of New Jersey. DVRPC is funded by a variety of funding sources including federal grants from the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA), the Pennsylvania and New Jersey departments of transportation, as well as by DVRPC’s state and local member governments. The authors, however, are solely responsible for the findings and conclusions herein, which may not represent the official views or policies of the funding agencies. The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC) fully complies with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987, Executive Order 12898 on Environmental Justice, and related nondiscrimination statutes and regulations in all programs and activities. DVRPC’s website, www.dvrpc.org, may be translated into multiple languages. Publications and other public documents can be made available in alternative languages and formats, if requested. DVRPC public meetings are always held in ADA-accessible facilities and in transit-accessible locations when possible. Auxiliary services can be provided to individuals who submit a request at least seven days prior to a meeting. Requests made within seven days will be accommodated to the greatest extent possible. Any person who believes they have been aggrieved by an unlawful discriminatory practice by DVRPC under Title VI has a right to file a formal complaint. Any such complaint may be in writing and filed with DVRPC’s Title VI Compliance Manager and/or the appropriate state or federal agency within 180 days of the alleged discriminatory occurrence. For more information on DVRPC’s Title VI program, or to obtain a Title VI Complaint Form, please call (215) 592-1800 or email [email protected]. ON Evaluating Transit-Oriented BUILDING OUR Development (TOD) Opportunities STRENGTHS in Greater Philadelphia CONTENTS Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 1: Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 2: Building a TOD Opportunity Rating System .................................................................................... 9 Chapter 3: Using the TOD Opportunity Rating System .................................................................................... 17 Endnotes ................................................................................................................................................................. 25 Appendix: Station Area Ratings ......................................................................................................................... A-1 FIGURES Figure 1: Regional Transit Network ........................................................................................................................ 11 Figure 2: Highest–Rated Station Areas: TOD Orientation.................................................................................. 18 Figure 3: Highest–Rated Station Areas: TOD Potential ...................................................................................... 18 Figure 4: TOD Opportunity Quadrants ................................................................................................................ 19 Figure 5: Highest–Rated Station Areas: Overall .................................................................................................. 20 On the Cover: Paseo Verde is a mixed-use development adjacent to the Temple University Regional Rail Station (photo courtesy of Halkin Mason Photography) THE BIG PICTURE Building successful TOD requires thinking beyond the individual station and understanding the role each neighborhood and station area plays in the regional network of transit-oriented places. It also requires an understanding of the real estate market, major employment centers, and travel patterns in the region. Regional planning for successful TOD projects is really about the coordination of existing plans for growth, transit, housing, and jobs, as well as programs and policies at all levels of government. “TOD 204: Planning for TOD at the Regional Scale,” The Center for Transit-Oriented Development (CTOD) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ON Evaluating Transit-Oriented BUILDING OUR Development (TOD) Opportunities STRENGTHS in Greater Philadelphia Transit-oriented development (TOD) is an this goal, DVRPC inventoried and analyzed 12 approach to planning and building neighborhoods demographic, physical, and market conditions that around transit stations that emphasizes walkability can influence an individual station area’s readiness and provides multiple transportation options for for transit supportive investment. DVRPC then local residents and employees. When thoughtfully developed a rating system that evaluates these designed, TOD can enhance access to jobs, factors and identifies the relative strengths and promote healthy and active lifestyles, and create weaknesses of over 150 station areas throughout dynamic communities. the region. TOD has been essential to the growth and The station areas that receive the highest ratings development of the Greater Philadelphia region are those that exhibit a combination of the existing ever since the first railroad opened here in 1832. demographic, transit, and built environment In fact, many of the region’s most well-known characteristics that support transit ridership and walkable neighborhoods are holdovers that the market and political conditions that could capitalize on infrastructure and design from support higher–density development in the future. previous eras. Today, however, communities According to this analysis, many of the greatest around the country are exploring how TOD can opportunities for TOD in our region can be found help them respond to a number of demographic along the Market-Frankford and Broad Street lines trends and achieve a variety of civic objectives. in Philadelphia and along Regional Rail and other Reinvesting in and around its extensive network transit lines that serve the region’s Core Cities and of rail infrastructure remains one of the best ways close-in suburbs. The full results of this analysis that our region can attract the next generation of can be viewed on a companion website and residents and businesses and remain competitive interactive map created for this study: www.dvrpc. with the fastest–growing and most successful org/webmaps/tod (a partial summary is provided regions in the country. in the Appendix). While the region’s extensive transit network is In addition to assessing the TOD readiness of a great asset, the large number of stations and station areas, the data and ratings gathered and diversity of transit modes can make planning generated for this study can be used to help for TOD a daunting task. This study is the develop transit-supportive strategies based on the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission’s individual strengths and weaknesses of a station (DVRPC’s) latest attempt to provide a systematic area. approach to identifying TOD opportunities throughout Greater Philadelphia. It is designed to provide a framework to guide public and private investment at rail stations. To achieve Executive Summary 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Greater Philadelphia has one of the most extensive and varied rail infrastructure systems in the country, dating back to the first railroad that opened here in 1832. These early rail investments, along with the Learning from the past subways, streetcars, and commuter rail lines that Decades of development focused on large homes would follow, inspired the distinctive settlement on large lots, separated from shopping and offices, patterns that still largely define the physical form has contributed to longer commutes, strained of Philadelphia and the region to this day. Without municipal budgets, growing levels of congestion, knowing it at the time, these communities helped and the loss of open space. In recent years, cities to establish the template for what would later be and regions around the country have once again called Transit-oriented development (TOD). realized that traditional development patterns, including TOD, can help them address these Simply put, TOD is compact, mixed-use issues and achieve
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