catalogue two hundred ninety-one The

William Reese Company 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 789-8081 A Note This catalogue is devoted entirely to material relating to the from its beginnings in the . It is arranged chronologically. The catalogue is dedicated to two people: My father, Lieut. William B. Reese, who spent four years in the Pacific theatre in World War II, and whose 100th birthday is the day I write this note. Former Secretary of the Navy J. William Middendorf II, one of the greatest collectors of Americana and naval Americana of the last half century, and a great American. William Reese

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Front cover: 94. [Dale, John B.]: [Sketches of a Cruise Around the World...]. 1845.

Rear cover: 95. Marshall, David E.: [Illustrated Journals of an American Sailor...]. [ca.1845-65]. The Gaspee Incident: The Attack on a British Naval Vessel Which Helped Spark the Revolution

1. [American Revolution Broadside]: George III, King of England: BY THE KING. A PROCLAMATION: FOR THE DISCOVERING AND APPREHENDING THE PERSONS WHO PLUNDERED AND BURNT THE GASPEE ; AND BARBAROUS- LY WOUNDED AND ILL TREATED WILLIAM DUDINGSTON, COMMANDER OF THE SAID SCHOONER. [Newport, R.I.]: Solomon Southwick, Aug. 26, 1772 [printed ca. Dec. 14, 1772]. Broadside, 16 5/8 x 11 inches. Woodcut seal of George III. Ornamental rule above the imprint. Expert restoration along old folds. Very good.

The so-called Gaspee Incident can well be considered the beginning of the naval aspect of the American Revolution – the Tea Party of the sea. This is the very rare reward poster for the capture of the revolutionaries who burned the Gaspee, the most important armed insurrection prior to Lexington and Concord. The H.M.S. Gaspee was sent to the waters of Narragansett Bay in March 1772 to halt smugglers who were avoiding customs duties. The commander of the Gaspee, Lieut. Dudingston, was particularly hated by the colonists because of his abuse of power and harassment of innocent merchants. On June 9, 1772 sailors from the Gaspee attempted to board the sloop Hannah, even though it had already reported its cargo to the Customs House. For several hours the Gaspee gave chase, while the Hannah deftly avoided capture. Eventually the Gaspee ran aground on a shal- low sand bar. Immediately word spread across Providence, and a group of angry colonists laid plans for an attack on the helpless vessel. In a night time raid the colonists shot Dudingston, captured the crew, and set fire to the ship. The text of the broadside reads as follows:

A proclamation: For the discovering and apprehending the persons who plundered and burnt the Gaspee schooner, and barbarously wounded and ill-treated Lieutenant William Dudingston, commander of the said schooner. Whereas, we have received information that upon the 10th day of June last, between the hours of twelve and one in the morning, in the Providence or Narragansett river, in our colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, a great number of persons, armed with guns and other offensive weapons, and led by two persons, who were called the captain and head sheriff, in several armed boats, attacked and boarded our vessel called the Gaspee schooner, then lying at single anchor in the said river, commanded by our Lieutenant William Dudingston, under the orders of our rear John Montagu, and having dangerously wounded and barbarously treated the said William Dudingston, took, plundered, and burnt the said schooner: We, to the intent that said outrageous and heinous offenders may be dis- covered, and brought to condign punishment, have thought fit, with the advice of our Privy Council, to issue this our royal proclamation. And we are hereby graciously pleased to promise, that if any person or persons shall discover any other person or persons concerned in the said daring and heinous offences above-mentioned, so that he or they may be apprehended and brought to justice, such discoverer shall have and receive, as a reward for such , upon conviction of each of the said offenders, the sum of five hundred pounds. And if any person or persons shall discover either of the said persons who acted as, or called themselves, or were called by their said accomplices, the head sheriff or the captain, so that they, or either of them, may be apprehended and brought to punishment, such discoverer shall have and receive, as a reward for such discovery, upon conviction of either of the said persons, the further sum of five hundred pounds, over and above the sum of five hundred pounds herein before promised for the discovery and apprehending any of the other common offenders above mentioned; and if any person or persons concerned therein, except the two persons who were called the head sheriff and captain, and the person or persons who wounded said Lieutenant William Dudingston, shall discover any one or more of the said accomplices, so that he or they may be apprehended and brought to punishment, such discoverer shall have and receive the said reward or rewards of five hundred pounds or one thousand pounds as the case may be: and also our gracious pardon for his said offence; And the commissioners for executing the office of Treasurer of our Exchequer, are hereby required to make payment accordingly of the said rewards. And we do hereby strictly charge and command our Governors, Deputy Governors, Magistrates, officers, and all other our loving subjects that they do use their utmost diligence, in their several places and capacities, to find out, discover, and apprehend the said offenders, in order to their being brought to justice. And we do hereby command that this our Proclamation be printed and published, in the usual form, and affixed in the principal places of our town of Newport, and other towns in our said colony, that none may pretend ignorance. Given at our Court at St. James, the twenty-sixth day of August, 1772, in the twelfth year of our Reign. God save the King.

Of particular importance was the royal decree that the suspects were to be brought to England for trial. This greatly angered the colonists and united their opposi- tion to the crown. Indeed, this decree was directly responsible for the formation of the Committees of Correspondence, and would be cited as a grievance in the Declaration of Independence. Two reward posters were issued after the incident – one issued under the name of Governor Wanton, and the present in the name of the King. Until the discovery of the present copy, this broadside was known in but one surviving example, located at the Rhode Island Historical Society. BRISTOL B3455. SHIPTON & MOONEY 42345. ALDEN 489. $42,500. The First American Navy: Massachusetts Establishes a Maritime Defense Force

2. [Massachusetts]: ACTS AND LAWS PASSED BY THE GREAT AND GENERAL COURT OR ASSEMBLY OF THE COLONY OF THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY IN NEW-ENGLAND...AN ACT FOR ENCOURAGING THE FIXING OUT OF ARMED VES- SELS TO DEFEND THE SEA COAST OF AMERICA...[caption title]. Watertown: Benjamin Edes, 1775. 9-13pp. Folio. Dbd. Lightly toned. Very good.

This act established a naval force for the colony of Massachusetts in July 1775, shortly after the , and while the British Navy dominated Boston harbor and the coastline. The act begins with a polemic against the attacks of the British and sets forth the Assembly’s power, under the Charter of Massachusetts, to permit , and the resolution of the Continental Congress that each colony should provide for its own naval defense. The act provides for granting letters of marque, seizure of the ships of Loyalists, the administration of Admiralty Courts, and disposition of captured or seized vessels. At the time this act was passed by the Massachusetts Assembly, it had settled in Watertown, to the west of Boston. This act was printed as a session law of the Assembly, and was issued separately; although paginated to later be bound with other laws, it is complete in itself. A vital and important piece of American naval history, at the very outset of organized American naval forces. The Continental Congress did not formally organize a naval force until October 1775. EVANS 14203. CUSHING 888. $4000.

The New Nation Sets Out Rules for the Navy: The Beginning of American Naval History

3. [Continental Congress]: EXTRACTS FROM THE JOURNALS OF CONGRESS, RELATIVE TO THE CAPTURE AND CONDEM- NATION OF PRIZES, AND THE FITTING OUT PRIVATEERS; TOGETHER WITH THE RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE NAVY, AND INSTRUCTIONS TO THE OF PRIVATE SHIPS OF WAR. : Printed by John Dunlap, 1776. [2],45pp. 20th-century three-quarter and cloth, spine gilt, raised bands. A bit of light staining and tanning. Very good.

One of the earliest publications relating to the American Navy, and a rarity of American naval history. The was created on October 13, 1775, when the Continental Congress passed an act to outfit two vessels to cruise the coast and search for ships carrying materiel for the British. In order to augment this meager force the Congress also made up plans to encourage and regulate the use of privateers, who were issued commissions and letters of marque by the individual states, as well as by American agents abroad. This volume prints resolutions passed by the Continental Congress relating to the Navy between November 25, 1775 and April 3, 1776. It would have been printed shortly thereafter by John Dunlap who, a few months later, would print the Declaration of Independence. This volume contains a wide array of laws relating to the conduct of the Navy and privateers, including resolutions authorizing the capture of any ships employed in bringing British troops or military materiel to America. Private ships that wish to engage in such actions are instructed to seek an official commission from the Congress. The individual states are advised to establish special courts to adjudicate the prizes, and any appeals would be made to the Continental Congress. On April 3rd, in a bid to bring even more privateers into service, the Congress resolved that “blank commissions for private ships of war and letters of marque and reprisal” be sent to the assemblies of the various states. The text also prints the “Rules for the regulation of the Navy of the United Colonies,” passed by the Congress on November 28, 1775, which established regulations for most aspects of the Navy, from the duties and responsibilities of captains and other officers, rules for courts martial, daily provisions for sailors, etc. Also included are specific rules governing the actions of American privateers. We note only two copies of this volume at auction in the past thirty-five years. Rare on the market. EVANS 15154. NAIP w032250. HILDEBURN 3362. COHEN 7535. SABIN 15527, 23526. BRIN- LEY SALE 4112. $17,500.

4. Brassier, William Furness: A SURVEY OF IN- CLUDING LAKE GEORGE, CROWN POINT, AND ST. JOHN. SURVEYED BY ORDER OF MAJ.-GEN. SIR GEOFFREY AM- HERST, COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF HIS MAJESTY’S FORC- ES IN AMERICA (NOW LORD AMHERST), BY WILLIAM BRASSIER, DRAUGHTSMAN, 1762. London: R. Sayer & J. Bennett, Aug. 5th, 1776. Copper-engraved map, with original wash color. Sheet size: 29 1/4 x 21 3/8 inches. In excellent condition.

A rare example of Brassier’s magnificently detailed map of Lake Champlain, in a state that captures this theatre in the Revolutionary War, and depicting the very first battle fought by the U.S. Navy. This excellent large-scale detailed chart of Lake Champlain was based on the field work of William Brassier conducted through 1758 and 1759, whilst he was in the employ of James Montresor, the chief surveyor of the northern part of the British American colonies. The main section of the map embraces the entire length of the waterway from Lake George through Lake Champlain, and north past the border to depict the upper Valley as far as St. Jean. The great accuracy and detail of the map is testament to Brassier’s immense skill as a surveyor and draughtsman, as he would have had to perform his role under very trying circumstances. At the time the region was an active front in the Seven Years’ War (1756-63), as British forces under Sir Jeffrey Amherst advanced on the Marquis de Montcalm’s French forces, who were guarding the southern approaches to . The inset in the lower right corner of the map features an extremely detailed rendering of Lake George, surveyed by British Captain Jackson in 1756. The map evinces the English nomenclature given to the newly captured French forts, most notably , which was formerly Fort Carillon, and Crown Point, formerly Fort St. Frederic. In addition, the map shows the recently constructed Fort George, on the lake of the same name, so called after the British monarch in 1755. The map features fascinating details relating to the events of the Seven Years’ War, describing altercations between the protagonists. Importantly, the present second state is advanced of the first in that it illustrates the very first battle fought by the U.S. Navy: the , which transpired near present-day Plattsburgh, New . Following the failed American attempt to invade Canada in 1775, the British decided to mount a powerful reprise designed to geographically sever from the mid-Atlantic colonies by seizing control of the Lake Champlain-Hudson Valley corridor. To create their Lake Champlain fleet, the British summoned a skilled team of craftsmen to St. John (St. Jean-sur-Richelieu) to assemble ships that were pre-fabricated in England, while the Americans relied on far more limited means to cobble together their fleet of sixteen ships at Skenesborough. Hardly an equal match, the Americans could muster only sixteen ships and 750 hands, while the British side’s thirty ships carried 1,670 hands. The British fleet, commanded by Sir Guy Carleton, the governor- general of Canada, and Captain Thomas Pringle set out to doggedly pursue the enemy. The commander of the American fleet, the soon-to-be infamous , knew that he would be totally destroyed in an open battle, so on October 11, 1776 he cleverly lured the British fleet into engaging him in a narrow, rocky passage. The confined space limited the British advantage of superior fire power, and though following a pitched battle the Americans had suffered more damage than their opponents, some of the fleet managed to escape the scene. While the British were later able to destroy most of the remaining American vessels, their tactical victory proved to be strategically pyrrhic. The Americans had successfully created a delaying tactic that effectively prevented the British from seizing the all important forts at Ticonderoga and Crown Point. The failure of the British to quickly complete their mission ensured that the Americans were able to regroup in time for the new season, and this in good part allowed them to deal a crushing blow to the British at the in October 1777. Brassier’s survey remained in manuscript form until the early days of the American Revolution, when the first state appeared in the 1776 edition of Thomas Jefferys’ American Atlas, one of the most important and influential works on the cartogra- phy of the continent. The present second state appeared in both the 1778 edition of the American Atlas and Sayer & Bennett’s American Military Pocket Atlas – the so-called “Holster Atlas,” which was used by British commanders in the field. Brassier’s original manuscript is today preserved in the Faden Collection at the . GUTHORN, p.14, no. 12.4. Fite & Freeman, A Book of Old Maps, pp.212-16. NEBENZAHL, ATLAS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, pp.61-63. SCHWARTZ & EHRENBERG, p.190. SELLER & VAN EE, MAPS AND CHARTS OF NORTH AMERICA & THE 1071, 1073. Stevens & Tree, “Comparative Cartography” 25a, in Tooley, THE MAPPING OF AMERICA. $9500. Open War Breaks Out in the South: The British Move to Seize Charleston

5. Faden, William: A PLAN OF THE ATTACK OF FORT SULI- VAN [sic], NEAR CHARLES TOWN IN SOUTH CAROLINA. BY A SQUADRON OF HIS MAJESTY’S SHIPS, ON THE 28th JUNE 1776. WITH THE DISPOSITION OF THE KING’S LAND FORCES, AND THE ENCAMPMENTS AND ENTRENCH- MENTS OF THE REBELS FROM THE DRAWINGS MADE ON THE SPOT. London: “Printed and sold by William Faden, Successor to the late Mr. Thomas Jefferies, Geographer to the King...,” Aug. 10, 1776. Copper-engraved map, engraved one-line dedication to Sir Peter Parker and letterpress text in two columns beneath the map. Inset plan of the fort. Sheet size: 20 7/8 x 16 1/2 inches. Very good.

An extremely rare first issue of a separately published Revolutionary War broadside battle plan depicting a critical altercation near Charleston, South Carolina. This highly important and finely engraved and letterpress broadside map captures the dramatic action surrounding the British naval assault on Fort Sullivan (called here “Sulivan”), the strategic key to Charleston. In the Spring of 1776, South Carolina had fallen into the firm possession of the Americans, a reality the British were determined to challenge. They dispatched a fleet of twenty ships (although only nine were armed) under Commodore Peter Parker, manned by , with the mission under the overall command of Major General Sir Henry Clinton. The ships moored in Five Fathom Hole, and landed on , which lay to the north of Sullivan’s Island. Meanwhile, practical considerations indicated that the Patriot defenders were in considerable trouble. Led by Col. William Moultrie, the Americans were short of experienced troops and ammunition. Fort Sullivan, located on the southern tip of the island of the same name, had to be held, otherwise Charleston would surely fall. While the elegant plan of the fort, located in the inset at the upper left of the map, makes it appear to be a well designed bastion, it was in reality cobbled together with palmetto logs. Moultrie had a total of 1,125 men against 2,900 British ma- rines. More worryingly, the fort had only twenty-six guns, with only twenty-eight rounds of ammunition per gun against the British fleet’s 270 well stocked . Fortunately for the Americans, the British proceeded to make a series of stra- tegic errors. Clinton, who relied on information given by harbor pilots who were press-ganged into service, spent days looking for a non-existent ford between Long and Sullivan’s Island, which in reality was prevented by the presence of a seven-foot deep channel. This bought the Americans time, which allowed American Col. William Thomson to fortify the northern tip of the island, as indicated on the map. On June 28th, the British mounted their full on naval assault of the fort, as indicated on the map by the ships shown grouped together just off of the fort, with each ship being named and detailed with its number of guns. Moultrie wisely rationed and synchronized the use of his limited firepower, such that the British met heavier than expected resistance. Unfamiliar with the tidal shoals that lay near the fort, the British ships were unable to sail in close enough to the fort to deliver lethal blows, while remaining in range of the American guns. Amazingly, many of the British rounds which did strike the fort were harmlessly absorbed into the structure’s spongy palmetto logs. The British flagship H.M.S. Bristol took heavy losses, and another ship ran aground and had to be abandoned. Another British attempt to storm Thomson’s northern positions with a raid by long boats was easily repelled. The British were forced to completely withdraw, and promptly set sail for . This copy is the very rare first state (of four known issues) of the map, which was the first Revolutionary battle plan to be drafted by William Faden. The text in two columns is found only on this issue and gives an account of the action taken from a letter by Parker to Lieut. Gen. Clinton. This issue was separately published as a broadside giving news of the battle to a British audience eager for information about the war; later issues, without text, appeared in Faden’s North American Atlas. NEBENZAHL, ATLAS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, map 8, p.60. NEBENZAHL, PRINTED BATTLE PLANS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 64. Stevens & Tree, “Compara- tive Cartography” 14(a), in Tooley, THE MAPPING OF AMERICA. $18,500. Commander of the Early American Navy

6. [American Revolution]: [Hopkins, Esek]: COMMODORE HOP- KINS, COMMANDER IN CHIEF OF THE AMERICAN FLEET [caption title]. London. 1776. Mezzotint engraving, 14 x 9¼ inches; mounted and framed to 21 x 16½ inches. Trimmed to edge of image, mounted and matted. Quite clean. Very good.

Engraved three-quarter length portrait of Commodore Esek Hopkins, showing him in his Continental uniform with one hand upraised and pointing forward, while he looks off to the left; several ships sail behind him, and a banner that has the Liberty Tree and “An Appeal to God” is above his outstretched hand. Esek Hopkins was the commander of the fledgling American Navy – comprised of eight merchant ships outfitted for war – during the American Revolution. After several run-ins with Congress over not following orders, and a signed petition of complaint from his officers, Hopkins was suspended in early 1777 and then summarily dismissed in January 1778. “His mediocre record of command, added to his political inept- ness, made dismissal inevitable” – ANB. This print is one in a series of portraits of officers in the American Revolution, the intent of which was obviously to glorify the Americans and demonize the British. The British Museum Catalogue notes that several of the likenesses were imaginary, and the imprint lines may have been fictitious. BM CATALOGUE OF PRINTS 5336. ANB (online). $2850.

New Hampshire Grants Privateering Licenses, 1776

7. [New Hampshire]: IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD, ONE THOU- SAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND SEVENTY SIX. COLONY OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. AN ACT FOR ENCOURAGING THE FIXING OUT OF ARMED VESSELS, TO DEFEND THE SEA COAST OF AMERICA, AND TO CRUIZE ON THE ENEMIES OF UNITED STATES COLONIES, AS ALSO FOR ERECTING A COURT, TO TRY AND CONDEMN ALL SHIPS...GOODS, WARES AND MERCHANDIZES, BELONGING TO ANY IN- HABITANT OR INHABITANTS OF GREAT BRITAIN, TAKEN ON THE HIGH SEAS. [Exeter, N.H.]. 1776. pp.19-25. Folio. Gathered signatures. Upper inner margin of signatures soiled and badly chipped, with old dampstaining, affecting but causing no loss to text. Some small tears in text block and edges. Light scattered foxing. A fair copy.

The first military act passed by an independent New Hampshire, at the outset of the Revolutionary War, providing for granting letters of marque and maritime defense. New Hampshire was following the same recommendation of Congress as Massachusetts, calling for the individual colonies to provide for their coastal defense. NAIP locates only two copies, at the New Hampshire Historical Society and The New York Public Library. Rare. EVANS 14900. NAIP w015173. WHITTEMORE 189. $2000.

First Edition of Blaskowitz’s Famed Revolutionary War Map of Narragansett Bay

8. Blaskowitz, Charles: A TOPOGRAPHICAL CHART OF THE BAY OF NARRAGANSET IN THE PROVINCE OF NEW ENGLAND WITH ALL THE ISLES CONTAINED THEREIN, AMONG WHICH RHODE ISLAND AND CONNONICUT [sic] HAVE BEEN PARTICULARLY SURVEYED...TO WHICH HAS BEEN ADDED THE SEVERAL WORKS AND BATTERIES RAISED BY THE AMERICANS.... London: William Faden, July 22, 1777. Engraved map, dissected into 16 sections at a contemporary date. Sheet size: 37 x 25 1/8 inches. Linen backing renewed. Expert restoration at corners. Else very good.

Charles Blaskowitz arrived in America in the early 1760s as a young but evidently skilled surveyor and began work in upstate New York and along the St. Lawrence River. In March 1764 he was commissioned as part of Samuel Holland’s North American Survey team and would become Holland’s Deputy Surveyor by 1775. Blaskowitz’s first assignment was to survey Aquidneck Island and Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island to determine whether Newport would be a suitable location for a naval base. Blaskowitz accomplished that 1764 survey and a base was recommended, though it was not established at that time. A decade later Blaskowitz re-surveyed the region as part of Holland’s larger surveys of the coast being accomplished for the Board on Trade and Plantations. By that time the colonies were already on the brink of Revolution. Newport in particular was a hotbed of insurrection. In 1772, British naval ships laid siege to Narragansett Bay in order to enforce customs duties on incoming vessels. After months of antagonizing the city’s merchants, the much-hated British captain of the H.M.S. Gaspee was murdered and the ship burned. The region instantly became a point of great interest in Great Britain, with the King offering a reward for the capture of the insurrectionists. In May 1776, Rhode Island would become the first British Colony to declare its independence, and the British would occupy Newport from November of that year until the end of August 1778. “It is certain that the British, after occupying Newport at the end of 1776, used this map for their operations in this pivotal area. The detail shown is remarkable, including even the names of farmers on their land locations” – Nebenzahl. The map itself is unusual in that it is a combination of a nautical chart and topographical map (hence the title, “A Topographical Chart...”). The Bay is clearly shown with its many islands and intricate inlets, with numerous soundings which give accurate readings of the treacherous waters. On the shore, impressive detail is depicted, with individual farms named and elegant hachuring showing eleva- tions. Eight batteries are shown via lettered references, with a key at the top right corner which details the numbers and types of canons. Along the right side of the map are the names of the principal landowners of the region, along with a brief description of the area. A large and well designed dedication by Faden to Lord Percy appears just below. Blaskowitz’s surveys would be used for two printed charts, by Des Barres and Faden, respectively. The Faden chart was a much more accomplished production, on a larger sheet and more elaborately engraved (and according to Pedie, costing two and a half times as much at the time of publication). The map was sold separately, as this sectioned case map copy, or within some copies of Faden’s North American Atlas. NEBENZAHL, BATTLE PLANS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 34. NEBENZAHL, ATLAS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, plate 16, pp.94-96. GUTHORN, pp.12-14. CUM- MING, BRITISH MAPS OF COLONIAL AMERICA, fig. 17. PHILLIPS MAPS, p.458. Pedley,The Commerce of Cartography, chapter 5. $18,500.

“I have not yet begun to fight!” Vastly Satirized by the Losers

9. [After] Collett, John: PAUL JONES SHOOTING A SAILOR WHO HAD ATTEMPTED TO STRIKE HIS COLOURS IN AN ENGAGEMENT. FROM THE ORIGINAL PICTURE BY JOHN COLLET [sic], IN THE POSSESSION OF CARINGTON BOWLES. London: Carington Bowles Map and Print Warehouse, No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard, Dec. 2, 1779. Mezzotint on paper with original hand- coloring, after the painting by John Collett. Image and caption measuring 13 3/4 x 9 3/4 inches within plate mark, with wide margins. Sheet size: 15 1/8 x 11 3/8 inches. The print has some very minor toning, just a few insignificant spots in the image background, but mostly in the margins; overall beautiful original color, and in excellent condition. Nicely matted.

The first of three versions of this British satirical war print, each titled the same but with slightly varying images. It depicts Captain during the sea battle between the H.M.S. Serapis and his U.S. fighting ship, Bonhomme Richard, “preventing” one of his men from striking the American flag and surrendering to the British. John “The Second Hogarth” Collett depicts an impassioned Jones, here wearing a lavishly plumed, rather French looking hat and a bandana, four pistols stuck pirate-style in his belt, at the ready tucked under his left arm, in as bloody a mis-en-scene as possible, the American naval captain trampling through the wounded and over the body of a dead sailor in order to shoot, with a fifth pistol, his chief gunner, Henry Gardner, in the chin. Except in the fantasies of the British, who hated Jones, this incident never took place and is considered an exaggeration of an incident that happened during the encounter in which a shell-shocked American gunner shouted for quarter until Jones knocked him down with the butt of a pistol. The truth behind this wild shipboard fight is no less interesting than the satire: “Near midnight on Sept. 23, 1779, just off the coast of , England, hundreds of British stood in awe, watching ‘pirate Paul Jones’ destroy one of the finest ships in their fine navy. The English viewed Jones as a criminal, equating his vicious attacks on British convoys with the fighting techniques of himself. On that clear warm autumn night, the shocked audience witnessed Jones in one of the most hard-fought battles of the Revolution. “Meanwhile, the surviving seamen of the 42-gun Bonhomme Richard must have thought their commander, Capt. John Paul Jones, had gone insane. Separated by two feet, the double deck HMS Serapis, a well-made and brand new British escort ship, was shooting 18-pound cannon balls into the 14-year-old single deck Bon- homme Richard; cannon balls that from 200 yards could shoot through four feet of oak. Near the battle’s end, half the crewmates on each ship were dead, there were three or four inches of blood and guts on the high deck of Bonhomme Richard and both ships were on fire. Capt. Pearson, commander of Serapis assumed Bonhomme Richard would be the first to surrender. He asked Jones, ‘Do you strike?’ According to battle expert Peter Reaveley, Jones screamed out, ‘No! I’ll sink, but I’m damned if I’ll strike!’ The following quotation is more famously noted as Jones’ retort: ‘I have not yet begun to fight!’ The battle established the Continental Navy as a powerful force and Capt. John Paul Jones as a hero” – Joanna Romansic. “Principally a caricaturist, John Collett (British, ca. 1725-1780) studied with the artist George Lambert and at the St. Martin’s Lane Academy, London. He exhibited at the Free Society of Artists from 1761, his last exhibit occurring posthumously in 1783. His caricatures owe a great debt to Hogarth...Collett’s drawings are usually recognizable by their thick black outlines. They are often quite charming, if a little coarsely drawn. His work was widely reproduced as prints by many of the leading publishers of the day, John Boydell, Carington Bowles, and others. This has con- tributed to his posthumous reputation as a caricaturist...A large inheritance allowed him to live in some style in Chelsea, London. Examples of his work may be seen in the British Museum and the and Albert Museum” – Thomas Deans. Carington Bowles flourished in late 18th-century London as a publisher of cari- catures engraved in mezzotint. As with this image, prints in the Bowles inventories were usually unsigned by the engraver. His regular practice was to commission and thus own a painting, then make prints of it for sale to the public under the Bowles imprimatur. This print is described as “excessively rare” in the catalogue of the Hampton L. Carson Collection of Engraved Portraits of American Naval Commanders. At the 1904 auction of the Carson collection a copy of this mezzotint appeared as lot 4297 and sold for $50 – quite a sum for its day. A rare and eminently displayable 18th-century war print with a satiric edge. Joanna Romansic, “NHC Joins Search for John Paul Jones’ Ship,” Oct. 20, 2005, dcmilitary.com. S.V. Henkels, comp., Hampton L. Carson Collection of Engraved Portraits of American Naval Commanders... Catalog and Sale (Philadelphia, 1905), lot 4297. Thomas Deans Fine Art Website, www.britishwatercol- ors.com. OLDS 466. SHADWELL, AMERICAN PRINTMAKING THE FIRST 150 YEARS, 65. SMITH, AMERICAN NAVAL BROADSIDES 23. GROLIER, THE UNITED STATES NAVY 1776 TO 1815, 269 (uncolored issue). $17,500.

A Striking Portrait of John Paul Jones

10. [ Jones, John Paul]: Rugendas, Johann Moritz: JOHANN PAUL IO- NES. BEFEHLSHABER EINER SCHWADRON IN DIENSTEN DER 13 VEREINIGTEN PROVINZEN VON NORD-AMERIKA. 1779. Augsburg: J.J. Haid und Sohn, [ca. 1779]. Mezzotint, 14 x 10¼ inches. Framed. A near fine copy, from the estate of Viscount David Eccles.

An excellent, iconic portrait of American naval officer and hero John Paul Jones (1747-92). Jones is depicted three-quarter length, in uniform, holding a telescope in his right arm. To the rear are a towering cliff and a burning ship. Jones is con- sidered America’s most famous naval hero of the Revolution, and the British reviled him as a pirate because of his raids along the Irish coast and his bold attack on the British port of Whitehaven. His greatest victory was the capture of the British Serapis by his flagship, Bonhomme Richard, in 1779. $4500.

A John Paul Jones Letter Written On Board the Bonhomme Richard

11. Jones, John Paul: [MANUSCRIPT LETTER, SIGNED BY JOHN PAUL JONES, ORDERING A MEMBER OF THE MARINES TO ATTEND A COURT-MARTIAL ON BOARD HIS SHIP, THE BONHOMME RICHARD]. On Board the Bonhomme Richard at L’Orient, . June 14, 1779. [1]p. manuscript letter on a folded folio sheet. Docketed on the fourth page and addressed in Jones’ hand to “Captain M[atthew] Parke of the Marine troops.” Sheet strengthened around the edges, closed tear mended in the second sheet. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth folding box, spine gilt.

A very interesting manuscript letter, signed by Captain John Paul Jones as com- mander the American squadron off the coast of , ordering Matthew Parke, a member of the Marine troops, to attend a court-martial on board his ship, the Bonhomme Richard. Jones would gain everlasting fame and glory just a few weeks after he signed this letter, when he captured the H.M.S. Serapis in the North Sea. In 1779, John Paul Jones took command of a 900-ton French East Indiaman, armed and renamed Bonhomme Richard as a compliment to his patron, . The outfitting of the ship in the port of L’Orient consumed several months, and it was not ready for sea until June. The ship’s crew was originally formed of prisoners taken from English ships by the French. Evidently, a group of these prisoner-sailors conspired to capture the ship, and Jones ordered their court- martial to take place on June 15 on board the Bonhomme Richard. The manuscript text, signed by Jones in his own hand at the end, reads:

By the Honble. John P. Jones Captain in the American Navy and Commander in Chief of the American Squadron now in Europe. Sir you are hereby re- quired and directed to attend at a Court Martial to be held on board the Bon homme [sic] Richard tomorrow for the Trial of James Enion, John Atwood, John Lomney, John Balch, John Layton, Andrew Thompson, George Johnston, William Carmichael, Alexander Cooper, William Hanover, Thomas Cole and Nathaniel Bonner – all of whom have been put under confinement by Lieuten- ant John Brown for mutinous behaviour and for refusing to do their duty on board the American ship of war the Bon homme Richard. You are also to try any other person or persons belonging to the American service who may in the course of the evidence appear to have been principally concerned in that – for which this shall be your order. Given on board the Bon homme Richard at L’Orient the 14th day of June 1779.

Along with the letter, laid into a compartment in the box, is a commemorative medal, 2¼ x 3¼ inches, with a portrait on the recto of Jones after the bust by Houdon, and an allegorical scene on the verso entitled “America claims her illustrious dead – Paris Annapolis 1905.” The medal was issued to commemorate the exhumation and re-burial of Jones’ body from beneath the streets of Paris to its final resting place in Annapolis, in 1905. Any substantive, Revolutionary-era John Paul Jones letters or manuscripts are extremely rare in the market. This is an especially interesting and displayable artifact of Jones’ tenure as commander of the Bonhomme Richard, with several references to the ship, where he earned his greatest fame during the Revolution. $75,000.

12. [Harris, William]: A COMPLETE COLLECTION OF ALL THE MARINE TREATIES SUBSISTING BETWEEN GREAT-BRIT- AIN AND FRANCE, SPAIN, PORTUGAL, AUSTRIA, RUSSIA, DENMARK, , SAVOY, HOLLAND, MOROCCO, AL- GIERS, , , &c. COMMENCING IN THE YEAR 1546, AND INCLUDING THE DEFINITIVE TREATY OF 1763.... London. 1779. lvi,iii-xxxii,312pp. Contemporary calf boards, rebacked in matching style, spine gilt, gilt morocco label. Early ownership signature of “William Robinson” on first preface page. Endpapers dampstained, text lightly tanned, else quite clean internally. Good.

A very useful compilation of all the naval treaties entered into by Great Britain at the time of the American Revolution. In the preface the compiler, William Harris, explains that his goal was to bring the maritime contents of the various treaties to the British public in an accessible way, which would be of use in the context of the “present maritime War.” The preface also includes a discussion of French incursions into North America. $1000.

Sailing Chart for Delaware Bay

13. Des Barres, Joseph F. Wallet: A CHART OF DELAWAR[E] BAY WITH SOUNDINGS AND NAUTICAL OBSERVATIONS TAKEN BY CAPT. SIR ANDREW SNAPE HAMMOND OF THE NAVY AND OTHERS COMPOSED AND PUBLISHED FOR THE USE OF PILOTAGE.... London: Published by J. F. W. Des Barres in “The Atlantic Neptune,” June 1st, 1779. Black and white copper engraving. Plate size: 30 1/4 x 22 1/8 inches. Large repaired tear (12 inches) from bottom edge, parallel to centerfold. 4-inch repaired split from bottom in centerfold. Thin, uneven margins. Else very good.

This is a fantastic sea chart of the Delaware coast from The Atlantic Neptune, which is universally recognized as one of the most magnificent atlases ever made. Constructed for the use of the British Navy, this chart shows the major part of the Delaware coast, from Rehobeth to Bombay Hook, as well as the opposing south New Jersey shore. Des Barres, of Swiss-Huguenot extraction, studied under the great mathemati- cian, Daniel Bernoulli, at the University of Basel, before immigrating to Britain where he trained at the Royal Military College, Woolwich. Upon the outbreak of hostilities with France in 1756, he joined the British Royal American Regiment as a military engineer. He came to the attention of General James Wolfe, who appointed him to join his personal detail. During this period he also worked with legendary future explorer on a monumental chart of the St. Lawrence River. From 1762, Des Barres was enlisted to survey the coastlines of Nova , , and the Gulf of St. Lawrence, while his colleague, Samuel Holland, charted the New England coast. He also managed to gain access to some surveys of the American South, , and . In 1774, Des Barres returned to England where he began work on The Atlantic Neptune. His dedication to the project was so strong, that often at his own expense he continually updated and added new charts and views up until 1784. That year he returned to Canada, where he remained for a further forty years, becoming a senior political figure and a wealthy land owner, and living to the advanced age of 103. The Atlantic Neptune, the most celebrated sea atlas, contains the first systematic survey of the east coast of North America. Des Barres’ synergy of great empirical accuracy with the peerless artistic virtue of his aquatint views, created a work that “has been described as the most splendid collection of charts, plates and views ever published” (NMM). Upon the conclusion of the Seven Years’ War, Britain’s empire in North America was greatly expanded, and this required the creation of a master atlas featuring new and accurate sea charts for use by the . Des Barres was charged with this Herculean task, publishing the first volume in London in 1775, which was soon followed by three further volumes. Des Barres’ monumen- tal endeavor eventually featured over 200 charts and views, many being found in several states. His charts were immensely detailed, featuring both hydrographical and topographical information, and in many cases remained the most authoritative maps of the regions covered for several decades. SNYDER, CITY OF INDEPENDENCE, p.271. $10,000.

A Major Rarity of American Atlases

14. Sayer, Robert, and John Bennett, publishers: Jefferys, Thomas, en- graver: THE NORTH-AMERICAN PILOT FOR NEWFOUND- LAND, LABRADORE, THE GULF AND RIVER ST. LAURENCE: BEING A COLLECTION OF SIXTY ACCURATE CHARTS AND PLANS, DRAWN FROM ORIGINAL SURVEYS: TAKEN BY JAMES COOK AND MICHAEL LANE, SURVEYORS, AND JOSEPH GILBERT, AND OTHER OFFICERS IN THE KING’S SERVICE. London: Printed and sold by R. Sayer & J. Bennett, 1779. Title, dedication, 2pp. index of the charts (with the text of Cook’s letter to the publisher appearing at the bottom of the second page). Twenty-two double- page and/or folding engraved charts after James Cook, Michael Lane, Joseph Gilbert, and others. Extra-illustrated with a small format letterpress advertise- ment (13¾ x 7¾ inches) mounted on the inside front cover, “A Catalogue of Pilots and Sea Charts, printed for, and sold by R. Sayer and J. Bennett, No. 53, Fleet Street” (listing The North-American Pilot for sale at £3 7s for both parts, making it the most expensive item in the catalogue). Folio. Expertly bound to style in 18th-century half russia over contemporary marbled paper- covered boards, modern blue morocco-backed cloth box, spine gilt. [with:] (PART THE SECOND.) THE NORTH-AMERICAN PILOT FOR NEW ENGLAND, NEW YORK, PENSILVANIA, MARYLAND, AND VIRGINIA; ALSO THE TWO CAROLINAS, AND FLOR- , DRAWN FROM ORIGINAL SURVEYS, TAKEN BY CAPT. JOHN GASCOIGNE, JOHSUA [sic] FISHER, JACOB BLAMEY, AND OTHER OFFICERS AND PILOTS IN HIS MAJESTY’S SERVICE. London: Printed and sold by R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1783. Title. Ten double-page and/or folding engraved charts after Capt. John Gas- coigne, Joshua Fisher, Jacob Blamey, and others. Folio. Expertly bound to style in 18th-century half russia over contemporary marbled paper-covered boards uniform to part one above, modern blue morocco-backed cloth boxes, spines gilt uniform to part one above. Very good.

An incredible American cartographic rarity: the complete North-American Pilot, including Captain James Cook’s monumental surveys of Newfoundland and Lab- rador, as well as the most important coastal charts of America at the start of the Revolution, including Anthony Smith’s famed chart of the Chesapeake. The first part of The North-American Pilot comprises the most thorough and detailed mapping of the Canadian territory ceded to Great Britain at the end of the French and Indian War. Surveys of the region were immediately ordered, as the waterways were deemed of vital economic importance to the inland fur trade. Selected for the task were James Cook and Michael Lane. “The charting of Newfoundland and southern Labrador by Cook, in the years 1763-67, and by his successor Michael Lane, in 1768-73, was unequalled, for thoroughness and method, by any previous hydrographic work by Englishmen; and it produced the first charts of this extensive and difficult coastline that could (in the words of a later hydrographer) ‘with any degree of safety be trusted by the seaman’” – Skelton & Tooley. For Cook, his accomplishment led directly to his being commissioned to the Endeavor, launching his reputation as the greatest maritime explorer of his age, and perhaps of all time. Cook’s charts were first published in 1769, under the title A Collection Of Charts, but containing only ten maps; in 1775, they were republished with additions by Jefferys within the first part of The North-American Pilot. Present here is the third edition of the first part of The North-American Pilot, containing the full complement of charts, with additions updating the charts in the midst of the American Revolution. In this edition, compared to the previous, the list of maps has been reset with Cook’s letter now appearing at the bottom of the second page (earlier editions used the letter facing the title). Later editions of the Pilot would be published by Laurie and Whittle into the ; all pre-Laurie and Whittle editions are of the utmost rarity. The maps in the first part comprise:

1) Cook and Lane: “A General Chart of the Island of Newfoundland with the Rocks and Soundings.” 10 May 1775. Double-page (approximate plate area: 21½ x 22¼ inches). 2) Chabert, Cook, and Fleurieu: “A Chart of the Banks of Newfoundland.” 25 March 1775. Double-page (plate area: 20¼ x 26½ inches). 3) “A Chart of the South-east Part of Newfoundland, Containing the Bays of Pla- centia, St. Mary, Trespassy and Conception.” 10 May 1770. Double-page (plate area: 20½ x 27¾ inches). 4) “Trinity Harbour / Carboniere and Harbour Grace / St. John’s Harbour.” 10 May 1770. Three maps on one single-page sheet (plate area: 15 x 11½ inches). 5) “The Harbour of Trepassey with Mutton and Biscay Bays / The Road and Harbour of Placentia. By James Cook / St. Mary’s Harbour.” 10 May 1770. Three maps on one single-page sheet (plate area: 14 x 12 inches). 6) Cook: “A Chart of Part of the South Coast of Newfoundland including the is- lands of Langley, St. Pierre and Miquelon with the Southern Entrance into the Gulph of St. Laurence....” 10 May 1774. Folding, printed on three joined sheets (approximate plate area: 26½ x 68½ inches). With a 7¾ x 8-inch flap, extending the mapping of Fortune Bay to Cape Mille. 7) Jefferys: “A New Map of Nova Scotia and Cape Breton Island.” 15 June 1775. Double page (19 x 24½ inches). 8) “The Island of Sable.” 10 May 1770. Single page (plate area: 11½ x 15¼ inches). 9) Morris: “A Chart of the Harbour of Halifax in Nova Scotia.” 25 March 1775. Double page (plate area: 16½ x 24½ inches). 10) “A Draught of the Gut of Canso Between Nova Scotia and Cape Breton Island / A Plan of Port Dauphin / A plan of Murgain or Cow Bay.” 25 March 1775. Single page (approximate plate area: 14 x 21 inches). 11) “A Chart of the Gulf of St. Laurence.” 25 March 1775. Double page (plate area: 25¼ x 20½ inches). 12) “A Chart of the Magdelen Islands in the Gulf of St. Laurence.” Single page (plate area: 11¼ x 14¼ inches). 13) “A Map of the Island of St. John in the Gulf of St. Laurence...improved from the late survey of Captain Holland.” 6 April 1775. Double page (plate area: 15 x 28¼ inches). 14) “A Plan of Chaleur Bay in the Gulf of St. Laurence.” 25 March 1775. Single page (approximate plate area: 14 x 21½ inches). 15) “A Plan of Ristigouche Harbour in Chaleur Bay.” 25 March 1775. Single page (plate area: 14 x 21 inches). 16) Cook: “A Chart of the West Coast of Newfoundland.” 10 May 1770. Folding, printed on three joined sheets (approximate plate area: 19¾ x 67½ inches). 17) Cook and Lane: “A Chart of the Straights of Bellisle with part of the coast of Newfoundland and Labradore.” 10 May 1770. Folding, printed on two joined sheets (plate area: 24½ x 45 inches). 18) Gilbert: “A Chart of the Coast of Labradore, from the Straights of Bell Isle to Cape Bluff.” 10 May 1770. Double page (plate area: 22 x 19 inches). 19) Lane: “A Chart of part of the Coast of Labradore, from Grand Point to She- catica.” 10 May 1770. Double page (plate area: 20 x 21 inches). 20-22) “A New Chart of the River St. Laurence from the Island of Anticonti to the Falls of Richelieu.” 16 February 1775. Dimensions as follow: [Part the first, from Cape Rosiers and Anticosti Island to Cape des Monts Peles]. Folding, on two joined sheets (plate area: 34 x 31¼ inches). [Part the second, shewing the course of the river from Cape des Monts Peles to Hare Island]. Folding, on two joined sheets (plate area: 34½ x 31¼ inches). [Part the third, comprehending the course of the river from Kamourasca Islands to the Falls of Richelieu]. Folding, on two joined sheets (34 x 31½ inches).

In 1776, shortly after news of American Independence reached Great Britain, publishers Sayer and Bennett issued a second part to their previously published The North-American Pilot, to encompass the coastline of the American colonies. The maps issued here include famed cartographic productions by John Gascoigne, Joshua Fisher, Anthony Smith, and others. Many maps include additions reflecting the early battles of the war (such as the plan of Charlestown, showing the attack on Fort Sullivan). This second part of The North-American Pilot was first published in 1776 and subsequently reissued with additional maps in 1777 [as the present copy]. The additional maps comprise a double-page chart of the (map 1 below) and a four-sheet map of the and joined as two (maps 12 and 13 below). Copies of part the second are rarely found accompanying part the first. This edition of part the second is particularly desirable as it is the first to contain the full complement of maps. The maps in the second part comprise:

1) “A Chart of the Atlantic Ocean.” 20 February 1782. Double page (plate area: 20 x 25½ inches). 2) “A Chart of the Harbour of Boston.” Folding, on two joined sheets (plate area: 21½ x 34½ inches). 3) “Chart of the Entrance of Hudson’s River, from Sandy Hook to New York.” 1 June 1776. Double page (plate area: 28 x 21 inches). 4) Fisher: “A Chart of Delaware Bay and River.” 10 July 1776. Double page (plate area: 19¼ x 27¼ inches). 5-6) Smith: “A New and Accurate Chart of the Bay of Chesapeake.” 1 July 1776. Upper half, folding printed on two joined sheets (approximate plate area: 20 x 55 inches). Lower half, folding printed on two joined sheets (approximate plate area: 20 x 55 inches). 7) “Plan of Cape Fear River from Bar to Brunswick.” 1 July 1776. Double page (plate area: 21 x 15 inches). 8) “An Exact Plan of Charles-town Bar and Harbour.” 31 August 1776. Double page (approximate plate area: 21½ x 27¾ inches). 9) Gascoigne: “A Plan of in South Carolina.” 15 May 1776. Folding (ap- proximate plate area: 28 x 23½ inches). 10) Gascoigne: “A Plan of the River and Sound of D’Awfoskee in South Carolina.” 15 May 1776. Double page (plate area: 26 x 18½ inches). 11) Blamey: “A Plan of Amelia Harbour and Bar in East Florida.” 1 July 1776. Double page (plate area: 24 x 16 inches). 12) Jefferys: “The Coast of West Florida and Louisiana / The Peninsula and Gulf of Florida or Channel of Bahama with the Bahama Islands.” 20 February 1775. Folding, on two joined sheets (19¼ x 48¾ inches). 13) Jefferys: “The Coast of Yucatan from Campeche to Bahia del Ascencion / The Island of Cuba with part of the Bahama Banks & the Martys.” 20 February 1775. Folding, on two joined sheets (plate area: 19½ x 48¾ inches).

SABIN 55557. HOWES J84. PHILLIPS 1209 (1777 ed). BEDDIE 1938 (part 1 only). SKELTON & TOOLEY 17 (part 1 only). $295,000.

15. [Galloway, Joseph]: A LETTER TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE LORD VISCOUNT H-E, ON HIS NAVAL CONDUCT IN THE AMERICAN WAR. London. 1781. [2],50pp. Lacks the half title. Modern blue half roan and marbled boards, spine gilt. Modern bookplate on front pastedown. Top corner of titlepage torn away and repaired. Minor soiling. Trimmed a bit close. About very good.

Second edition, corrected. Galloway, a leading Loyalist, criticizes the actions of Admiral Viscount Richard Howe, brother of Gen. William Howe, during the American Revolution. In 1780-81, Galloway printed a series of eight letters which appeared in the London Chronicle, signed “Cicero,” charging the Admiral with gross misconduct in his failed operations during the war. This pamphlet addresses Howe’s conduct during the 1776-79 period, when Howe was battling the French fleet and the smaller American forces. AMERICAN CONTROVERSY 79-43b. HOWES G42. $750.

The Details of the Capture of the French Sent to Break the British Naval Blockade of Boston in 1781

16. [American Revolution]: [Naval]: HIS MAJESTY’S SHIP LA MAGICIENNE’S PRIZE LIST. A LIST OF THE CAPTAIN, OF- FICERS, SEAMEN, MARINES,AND OTHERS, WHO WERE ACTUALLY ONBOARD HIS MAJESTY’S SHIP LA MAGICI- ENNE AT THE TIME OF TAKING AS PRIZES THE UNDER- MENTIONED VESSELS, ON THE TWENTY FIRST OF APRIL 1782 [manuscript title]. [Np, but possibly at sea. 1782]. 12pp. Narrow folio. Old folds. Leaves chipped at edges. Lightly dampstained. Minor loss at some folds. Good. In a half morocco clamshell case.

In 1781, during the American Revolution, with Boston Harbor under British blockade, French Admiral Le Compte de Barras was beseeched by near-ruined New England merchants to send naval relief from Newport to Boston. Admiral De Barras sent the Magicienne, a thirty-two-gun frigate, to assist. In Boston Harbor a naval battle ensued, the frigate was captured by the British, and the Magicienne was quickly re-commissioned into the Royal Navy as H.M.S. Magicienne. This manuscript, as the title states, is a prize list of all officers, seamen, and marines who would be eligible for remuneration for their services on April 21, 1782 (the names of the prize ships themselves, oddly, are not listed). Though we were unable to identify the naval action in which the Magicienne was involved, this item offers useful primary evidence of the ship’s activities, identifying all 282 men involved in this action under the command of Captain William Scott. Scott’s name is listed here, as well as those of his officers and crew, with their rank and position: boatswain, surgeon, ship carpenter, master of arms, marine, etc. The final leaf is signed by Captain William Scott, the purser Simon Mountford, and shipmaster John Walker, certifying the list of names. Following this action, the Magicienne fought under the command of Thomas Graves, battling the Sibylle in January 1783; both ships were reduced to near wrecks before disengaging. Other adventures included capturing the French twelve-gun Cerf Volant off San Domingo in 1796; destroying the twenty-gun Reolaise in 1800; cruising the Caribbean in 1806 and joining John Duckworth’s squadron in the Battle of San Domingo. In 1810, during the , H.M.S. Magicienne was run aground and scuttled by fire in the disastrous battle of Grand Port, fighting over possession of the harbor of Grand Port in present-day Maritius. An interesting British naval artifact from the American Revolution. $1250.

17. [Estaing, Charles Henri, Comte d’]: EXTRAIT DU JOURNAL D’UN OFFICIER DE LA MARINE DE L’ESCADRE DE M. LE COMTE D’ESTAING. [Paris]. 1782. 158pp. Engraved frontis. Original pink paper wrappers. Wrappers lightly worn and soiled. A few light, scattered stains, but generally quite clean and fresh internally. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth slipcase.

Authorship of this work is uncertain, but Howes theorizes that one Captain Walsh is the author. Whoever wrote it served as an officer in the Comte d’Estaing’s squadron and is highly critical of his conduct. This work describes the operations of the French fleet in 1778-79, beginning with the departure from Toulon and covering the blockade of the British at New York; the planned but aborted naval battle off Newport; the encounter with the British fleet under Admiral John Byron; and finally, the attack on Savannah, Georgia. This is one of the best sources for the Savannah attack. An important Revolutionary naval item, here present in the first edition, first issue of the text. CLARK I:234. HOWES E198. SABIN 23033. DE RENNE I:224. $1250.

Ledyard’s Rare Account of Cook’s Third Voyage

18. Ledyard, John: A JOURNAL OF CAPTAIN COOK’S LAST VOY- AGE TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN, AND IN OF THE , BETWEEN ASIA & AMERICA; PER- FORMED IN THE YEARS 1776, 1777, 1778, AND 1779.... Hartford. 1783. 208pp. 12mo. Contemporary calf. Boards worn (leather on lower board loose but holding), corners abraded, outer joints worn. Later ink inscriptions on front pastedown. Titlepage soiled and worn. Moderately age-toned, soiled, and dampstained. Lacking the very rare map (as is virtually always the case). A good copy. In a half morocco and cloth box.

“This is not only the first American book on the Northwest Coast, but also the first American book on ...” – Streeter. Ledyard sailed as a corporal of Royal Marines on Cook’s last voyage, and was on board ship when Cook met his death on Hawaii. A native of Connecticut, he was with Cook during the first part of the American Revolution and in England until 1782. Assigned to the North Ameri- can station, he deserted and returned to Hartford, where this account (evidently intermixed with the 1781 narrative of John Rickman, probably by an unidentified editor) was published in 1783. One of the rarest of subsidiary accounts of Cook’s voyage, and a book of the greatest interest in the history of the Northwest Coast and its exploration. HOWES L181, “d.” STREETER SALE 3477. EVANS 17998. SABIN 39691. WICKERSHAM 6556. LADA-MOCARSKI 36. FORBES HAWAII 52. $25,000.

19. [American Revolution]: A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THE NA- VAL ACTIONS OF THE LAST WAR; IN ORDER TO PROVE THAT THE FRENCH NATION NEVER GAVE SUCH SLENDER PROOFS OF MARITIME GREATNESS AS DURING THAT PE- RIOD; WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE DISCIPLINE, AND HINTS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT, OF THE BRITISH NAVY. By an Officer. London: Printed for J. Murray, 1788. viii,148pp., plus folding table. Half title. Modern half calf and marbled boards, spine gilt. Half title darkened, else quite clean internally. Very good.

A scarce and little-known defense of the British Navy during the American Revo- lution. The anonymous author was a British naval officer, and he strives mightily to play up the performance of the Royal Navy, especially vis-a-vis the French. The folding table is a “Line of Battle on the 12 of April, 1782,” at which Admiral Rod- ney defeated de Grasse and the French at the Battle of the Saintes. Pages 21-22 describe John Paul Jones “victory” over the Serapis. “Sneers for the enemy, praise for British valor; even the fight with the ‘Serapis’ by ‘the desperate English outlaw Paul Jones,’ is a British victory” – Howes. A second edition followed in 1790. A manuscript note on the copy of this edition in the Royal Navy Library at Portsmouth states that the author may have been a Captain Inglefield. HOWES S429, “aa.” SABIN 80589. $2250.

20. Rumsey, James: A SHORT TREATISE ON THE APPLICATION OF STEAM, WHEREBY IS CLEARLY SHEWN, FROM AC- TUAL EXPERIMENTS, THAT STEAM MAY BE APPLIED TO PROPEL BOATS OR VESSELS OF ANY BURTHEN AGAINST RAPID CURRENTS WITH GREAT VELOCITY. THE SAME PRINCIPLES ARE ALSO INTRODUCED WITH EFFECT, BY A MACHINE OF A SIMPLE AND CHEAP CONSTRUCTION, FOR THE PURPOSE OF RAISING WATER SUFFICIENT FOR THE WORKING OF GRIST-MILLS, SAW-MILLS, &c. AND FOR WATERING MEADOWS AND OTHER PURPOSES OF AGRICULTURE. Philadelphia: Printed by Joseph James, 1788. 26pp. Small octavo. Contemporary paper wrappers, uncut. Wrappers split, else very good. Provenance: W.H.H. Newman (Buffalo, New York, bookplate and signature on title).

Second edition, second issue of this important early pamphlet on steam navigation by one of the two American steam pioneers. James Rumsey’s pamphlet was first published under a slightly different title (A Plan Wherein the Power of Steam is Fully Shewn...) in 1788. It was then reprinted with this title, in two different issues (the first with the word “chep” on the title, the second with the word correctly spelled, as here). Rumsey states in the “Advertise- ment” on the verso of the title that this pamphlet is reprinted from “a pamphlet published in Virginia, to prove the authors prior right of applying steam, to propel boats &c. as well as to establish the principles on which he has done it, a few copies were then thought sufficient for that purpose, but as Mr. Fitch intends to answer the pamphlet, it is therefore necessary to re-publish as much of it as respects Mr. Fitch, which is done with no other variation, from the original, than to correct a few of the omissions and mistakes that were introduced into the first publication.” Rumsey and John Fitch entered into a controversy over whose steam-powered boat had priority. Fitch was the first to publicize his invention and obtained a fourteen-year privilege for the manufacture of steam vessels, giving him a virtual monopoly on its production in America. Rumsey’s pamphlet prompted John Fitch to reply by publishing his Original Steamboat Supported (1788), in which Fitch at- tacked Rumsey’s claim to priority. Though neither man was financially successful, Fitch went on to inaugurate the first commercial steamboat service on the Delaware River in 1790. EVANS 21442. RINK 2924. NORMAN 1859. HOWES R499, “b.” STREETER SALE 3961. $4500.

21. Barnes, Joseph: REMARKS ON MR. JOHN FITCH’S REPLY TO MR. JAMES RUMSEY’S PAMPHLET. Philadelphia: Joseph James, 1788. xvi,16pp. 19th-century three-quarter morocco and marbled boards. Moderate wear at spine and corners. Bit age-toned, some light foxing. Still very good. In a half morocco box.

From the collection of Haskell F. Norman, with his bookplate. An important work relating to the invention of steamboats, a technological breakthrough of profound implications. Barnes issued this pamphlet in response to James Rumsey’s A Short Treatise on the Application of Steam (1788). He supports Rumsey’s claim of priority in the invention of steam-powered water transport. Fitch had claimed his steam- boat inventions had priority, and he apparently did publicize his inventions before Rumsey. This book is of extreme rarity, as is the pamphlet to which it responds. EVANS 20954. NORMAN 123. RINK 3576. HOWES B155. STREETER SALE 3959. $6000.

22. Clerk, John: AN ESSAY ON NAVAL TACTICS, SYSTEMATICAL AND HISTORICAL. WITH EXPLANATORY PLATES. IN FOUR PARTS. London: Printed for T. Cadell, 1790; 1797. Four parts bound in one volume. xii,[5]-165pp. plus thirty handcolored folding plates; ix,[5]-34pp.; 29, [1]pp.; 61pp. plus twenty-two single-page plates. Half title before each title- page. Modern three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt. Contemporary ownership signature of “Sir Patrick Murray” on first half title. Very clean and fresh. A fine copy.

One of the most important works on naval tactics published in the age of sail, this is an attractive copy of all four parts of Clerk’s influential treatise, with all fifty- two plates. The first part was privately published in 1782 in Edinburgh, and then in the present form in 1790. The second through fourth parts followed in 1797. Clerk was a Scottish merchant with a long interest in navigation, and he based this work on his study of English and continental naval tactics. He was partially influenced to produce the present work due to British naval defeats during the American War of Independence, especially the defeat at Yorktown. The plates illustrate many of the battles Clerk analyzes, including Admiral Rodney’s engage- ment with the French in 1780, Arbuthnot’s battle off the mouth of the Chesapeake in 1781, Byron’s defeat by the Comte d’Estaing at Grenada in 1779, and more. Admiral Nelson implemented some of Clerk’s tactics during the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. Not in Sabin, despite the American content. “Distinctive as one of the first British accounts of tactics, as opposed to a work in French translation, and for its criticism of the current Royal Naval practice of looking more to signal books to the detriment of fighting instructions” – DNB. MARITIME HISTORY IN THE JCB 1277. ADAMS & WATERS 359, 360. SCOTT 419. $6000.

A Rarity of the Naval Side of the American Revolution

23. [Vernon, Francis V.]: VOYAGES AND TRAVELS OF A SEA OF- FICER. Dublin: Printed by Wm. M’Kenzie, 1792. xxiv,[3]-306pp. Antique- style three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt, leather label. Small 19th-century stamp of a defunct library on titlepage, dedication leaf, first page of text, and three other text pages, but not obtrusively so. Otherwise clean internally. Very good.

A rare and little-known narrative of the naval adventures of an Irish sailor in the British navy, covering the years from 1777 through the early , with much on his service during the American Revolution. Vernon joined the navy in 1777 and sailed on the British ship Terrible, prowling the east coast of the United States and engaging de Grasse’s French fleet. Six early chapters recount his experiences during the Revolution, including skirmishes in Long Island Sound, off the coast of Rhode Island, and in the Chesapeake. In 1781, Vernon’s ship sailed for the West Indies, taking prizes along the way, helping to relieve British forces on Jamaica, and harass- ing Spanish troops on the Black River. Later in the 1780s, Vernon sailed in the Mediterranean, and he includes accounts of his visits to Egypt, Cyprus, , and Syria. After a brief retirement, in 1790 he joined another ship’s crew, when tensions between Great Britain and Spain over commercial rights in Nootka Sound in the Pacific Northwest began to boil. Bound for the West Indies, Vernon’s ship added to its company by impressing the crew of West Indiamen, “then opportunely arrived,” and Vernon learned that his ship was to sail on to Nootka. They travelled only as far as Barbados, however, before hearing news that a settlement had been reached between England and Spain. This is only the second copy of Vernon’s work that we have ever encountered. Rare. HOWES V76, “b.” SABIN 99251. OCLC 6851073. $6750. Jefferson on Neutrality and Maritime Power During the Genet Affair

24. Jefferson, Thomas: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM AS SECRETARY OF STATE, TO MARY- LAND GOVERNOR THOMAS SIM LEE, REGARDING WASH- INGTON’S NEUTRALITY PROCLAMATION, THE SEIZURE OF A BRITISH SHIP IN THE WATERS OFF MARYLAND, AND THE POWERS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF STATES VERSUS THOSE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT]. Philadelphia. May 29, 1793. [1]p. manuscript letter on a quarto sheet, 9¼ x 7½ inches. Old folds. Small tape repair on verso; small piece of paper affixed to upper portion of verso. Near fine.

A relatively brief but significant letter from Thomas Jefferson that relates to a number of important foreign and domestic political issues that bedeviled George ’s administration in the early 1790s. The issues addressed by Jefferson, directly and indirectly, include the war between France and Great Britain, Wash- ington’s Neutrality Proclamation with regard to that conflict, the efforts of Edmond Genet to enlist private American aid in commandeering British shipping, and the duties, powers, and responsibilities of the individual states as opposed to the federal government. The task of enforcing American neutrality fell largely to Jefferson as Secretary of State, and it was a major instance of his reasoned notion that America must remain neutral coming into conflict with his emotional attachment to France. Edmond Genet, the first minister of the French Republic to the United States, arrived in Charleston, South Carolina on April 8, 1793, and immediately undertook a course of action that strained French-American relations. France had declared war on Great Britain the previous February, and Genet sought to enlist American assistance in seizing British ships, and in attacking British holdings in North America. He commissioned American ships as privateers against British ships, and established French prize courts to divide the spoils. Just two weeks after Genet’s arrival, Washington pronounced that the official policy of the United States toward France and Great Britain would be strict neutrality, and he instructed American citizens to refrain from any belligerent activities. This neutrality proclamation did nothing to dissuade Genet, however, and on April 29 a British-owned schooner, Eunice, was captured off the coast of Virginia by an American-built and armed schooner that sailed under French colors, but which was manned largely by Americans. The Eunice was sent to , where it was to be tried in a (Genet-organized) prize court. In the wake of this and other events, the Washington administration issued several important directives in May 1793, including an order for prosecuting American citizens bearing arms with European belligerents, and circular letters to the state governors regarding the preservation of peace and against the outfitting of privateering vessels. The present letter from Jefferson to Maryland governor Thomas Sim Lee is a response to a letter from Lee dated May 20th. In that letter Lee updated Jef- ferson on the status of the Eunice, and deferred to the federal government on how to proceed with that issue and in similar cases. In the present letter of May 29th, Jefferson responds to Lee in a direct and forthright manner, informing him that he has shown Lee’s letter of the 20th to President Washington. Jefferson addresses the issue of how to deal with Americans aiding the belligerents, referring to Attorney General Edmund Randolph’s recently issued order: “Measures had been already taken for prosecuting such American citizens as had joined in the capture therein mentioned, a letter to that effect having been written to the Attorney of the U.S. in the state of Maryland.” With regard to how the states should respond to instances of captured ships being brought into their ports, Jefferson informs Lee that the federal government expects the states to use their own resources:

With respect to the prize, the government did not think itself authorised to do any thing. Your Excellency have been informed by a letter from the Secretary at war, addressed to you as the head of the militia of your state, of the measures proposed for preventing the fitting out privateers in our ports in future, as well as for the preservation of peace without our limits.

This refers to the two orders issued by Secretary of War Henry Knox on May 23 and May 24, just a few days before Jefferson wrote this letter. Throughout 1793, Secretary of State Jefferson wrestled with the issues raised by the war between Great Britain and France: America’s neutrality, his personal pro-French sentiments, the deleterious effects of Genet’s activities, and the role that the states and the federal government should play in preserving peace. This letter encompasses all those issues. PAPERS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON 26, pp.67-68, 117-18. Malone, Jefferson and the Ordeal of Liberty, pp.79-89, 102-3. Harry Ammon, The Genet Mission (New York, 1973), pp.32-79. Lawrence S. Kaplan, Jefferson and France (New Haven, 1967), pp.51-59. $47,500.

The First Embargo, to Protect the East India Trade, Signed by the Secretary of State

25. [Embargo of 1794]: [Randolph, Edmund]: THIRD CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES...RESOLVED...THAT THE PRESI- DENT OF THE UNITED STATES BE AUTHORIZED TO DI- RECT CLEARANCES TO BE GRANTED TO ANY SHIP OR VESSELS BELONGING TO CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES...BOUND...FOR ANY PORT BEYOND THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.... [Philadelphia. 1794]. Broadside, 13¼ x 8 inches. Very minor foxing and tanning. Near fine.

The official printing of a Congressional resolution relating to international com- merce and the first American embargo during the war between France and Great Britain. Both nations maintained they had the right to seize neutral vessels carrying to either party, making American ships subject to attacks by both. In March 1794, responding to the 1793 British Orders in Council authorizing this and the French closure of the Bordeaux ports, President Washington asked Congress to pass a one- month embargo on all foreign shipping, which was extended in April. In order not to interfere with the East India trade, both Randolph and Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton recommended that the President be authorized to grant specific passports as exceptions. The present resolution authorizes the President to grant clearances for currently loaded American ships to sail with their goods, provided they only unload cargo beyond the Cape of Good Hope. “Approved – May the seventh 1794,” and signed in print by Speaker of the House Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg, Vice President , and President . This issue is a variant of Evans 27882, having the printed lines “Deposited among the Rolls in the Office of the Secretary of State” and “Secretary of State” and signed in manuscript by the second Secretary of State Edmund Randolph. OCLC locates one copy of this issue, at the Library Company of Philadelphia. Scarce in either format, and particularly rare with the signature of the Secretary of State. Edmund Randolph became the second Secretary of State on Jan. 2, 1794, succeeding Thomas Jefferson, who resigned at the end of 1793. He continued the practice begun in the First Congress of the Secretary of State signing a small number of “official” copies of Congressional acts for distribution to the States and important government officials. After the Third Congress, official acts were no longer signed in manuscript by the Secretary of State. EVANS 27882 (ref ). NAIP w010532 (ref ). OCLC 316509623. $2750.

Seaman’s Papers, as Regulated by Congress

26. [Merchant Marine]: CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. AT THE SECOND SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF NEW-YORK, ON MONDAY THE 4th OF JANUARY, 1790. AN ACT FOR THE GOVERNMENT AND REGULATION OF SEAMEN IN THE MERCHANTS’ SERVICE...[recto caption ti- tle]. IT IS AGREED, BETWEEN THE MASTER, SEAMEN AND MARINERS OF THE [blank, completed, “Schooner Theada of Bos- ton Abner Derby”] MASTER, NOW BOUND FROM THE PORT OF [blank, completed, “Boston for Baltimore and back to Boston”]: THAT IN CONSIDERATION OF THE MONTHLY OR OTHER WAGES, AGAINST EACH RESPECTIVE SEAMAN AND MARI- NER’S NAME HEREUNDER SET, THEY SEVERALLY SHALL AND WILL PERFORM THE ABOVE MENTIONED VOYAGE... [verso caption title]. [Boston]: S. Hall [imprint from colophon], [ca. 1795, form completed and signed 1798]. Broadsheet, 17 x 12¼ inches. Recto printed in three columns; blank form on verso completed in contemporary manuscript. Folio. One vertical and one horizontal fold. Light foxing, some discoloration along folds. Very good, untrimmed, floated between two panes of glass in a 21 x 15½-inch wood frame.

A very rare Massachusetts variant of a merchant marine-related broadsheet, printing the 1790 act regulating merchant seamen on the recto and a blank form of agree- ment between a ship’s master and seamen on the verso. The Act for the Government and Regulation of Seamen in the Merchants’ Service... of 1790 was an early federal law requiring strict contracts to be signed and followed by a ship’s master and his crew for interstate voyages. Between about 1795 and 1800, the law was printed with a blank agreement form on the verso in several American port cities. These broadsheets are all quite rare, with only one recorded copy of the present example, which is held by the American Antiquarian Society. The form in the present copy is filled out for the Schooner Theada, bound from Boston to Baltimore and back in 1798, and includes signatures and wage agreements for the master, his mate, four hands, a cook, and a boy. EVANS 23849. NAIP w015168. $2500. Seized by the British, with Wonderful Watercolors

27. [Naval Log Book]: SCHOONER PRESIDENT FROM NEW- PORT TOWARDS HISPANIOLA R. LILLIBRIDGE MASTER [manuscript title]. [with:] [MANUSCRIPT COPY OF THE LETTER FROM LILLIBRIDGE TO A BRITISH CAPTAIN PROTESTING HIS SHIP’S DETENTION BY THE BRITISH]. [At sea]. Feb. 13-23, 1797. [11]pp. illustrated manuscript log book containing eleven watercolor or ink drawings; plus [1]p. manuscript letter on the verso of the final leaf. Folio. Dbd., reinforced at gutter by cloth tape. Vertical crease. Some stains and foxing, foredge with some closed tears and chips (most very neatly repaired). Good. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

A very interesting illustrated naval log book, describing and depicting the voyage of the Schooner President, bound for Hispaniola from Newport on a trading mission in early 1797. The manuscript log book is notable for its well-done illustrations of the ship (executed in watercolor and ink), the fact that its daily entries are written in verse, and the copy of the letter from the ship’s captain protesting its detention by the British Navy. The entire log book appears to have been kept in Captain Lillibridge’s hand, and the illustrations are also likely by him. The President left Newport, Rhode Island, on Monday, February 13, 1797, and the first illustration in the log book is a wonderful watercolor showing the ship surrounded by blue waves “taking our departure from Block Island” and sailing four leagues away from Block Island. Each of the eleven illustrations depict the schooner, usually at a size of 3 to 3½ inches square, in various states of sail. One of the illustrations is entitled “calm,” while another shows the ship with a “heavy squall coming on.” Others are entitled “situation at 4p.m.” and “position at Merid- ian.” One illustration showing the ship tossed in tempestuous blue seas is titled “scudding under two reef from sail.” The log entries are noteworthy in that they not only record the position and direction of the ship, but describe its activities in rhyming verse. The first entry describes the ship’s departure:

On Feb. the thirteenth day / of ninety-seven we sail’d away / with gentle gales from the western board / our ship well man’d also well flor’d / at 2pm we saw the game / Lillibridge the masters name / we spoke with him and fill’d away / and parted company on this day / at 6pm Block Island bore / north west by west four leagues or more / from wich [sic] our departure took / and soon our native land forsook.

This style continues for every page of the eleven-day log, with winds, weather, direction, and daily activity recorded in verse of six to twelve lines each. The entry for February 22nd concludes: “Mark steer the ship her course aright / and Cook he keeps his copper bright / our Latitude this day by sun / is twenty seven & thirty one / the day it ends with pleasant weather / all hands on deck at work together.” The verso of the final leaf of the log book contains the text of a letter written by Captain Lillibridge to a British “Captain Willson.” The letter is dated 1797 and protests the ship’s detention by the British Navy. It is obvious that the President fell victim to the British policy of intercepting and confiscating American trade goods during the British war with the French in the 1790s. This British policy, and similar policies by the French regarding neutral shipping, caused tremendous foreign policy problems for the United States government, and put a huge strain on American shipping. Lillibridge writes:

I request to know of you if you will continue to hold my vessel in your pos- session, and why I am thus detain’d from proceeding on to my destined port. If you do not release my vessel immediately, I shall be under the disagreeable necessity of protesting against you for damages which issue in consequence of this detention and seek my redress in a British Court of Admiralty.

A very interesting manuscript log, colorfully depicting and lyrically describing the ill-fated trip of an American trading vessel to Hispaniola at the height of Franco- British harassment of American shipping. $8500. First Obtainable Edition

28. Furlong, Lawrence: THE AMERICAN COAST PILOT; CONTAIN- ING THE COURSES AND DISTANCES BETWEEN THE PRIN- CIPAL HARBOURS, CAPES AND HEADLANDS...Corrected and Improved by the Most Experienced Pilots in the United States. New- buryport, Ma.: Printed by Edmund M. Blunt, 1798. 172,[4],[173]-239,[1] pp. Errata leaf pasted to front pastedown, as usual, and without the scarce “Instruction” leaf. Contemporary calf, rebacked in later calf, leather label. Bookplate on front pastedown. A few of the final leaves are age-toned, else quite clean internally. A good copy.

Second edition of the primary American navigational guide, with some one hundred pages of additional material, published without maps or plates, as was the first edi- tion of 1796. The first edition is famously rare; the only copy at auction since 1991 sold for $57,600 at the Frank Streeter sale in 2007. Includes sailing directions to many of the east coast harbors and ports, listing courses and distances from Cape Cod and Cape Ann to George’s Bank, and a tide table. All early editions of The American Coast Pilot are quite rare. HOWES F421. EVANS 33772. SABIN 26219. NAIP w037196. $2500.

The Creation of the Marine Corps

29. [Marine Corps]: REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE TO WHOM WAS REFERRED...THE PRESIDENT’S SPEECH AS RELATES TO THE PROTECTION OF COMMERCE, AND THE DE- FENCE OF THE COUNTRY. [Philadelphia. 1798]. Titlepage and 1p. of text, printed on recto only of [2] leaves. Dbd. A few marks. Good.

The committee recommends the adoption of a resolution establishing a separate Marine Corps. From 1775 until 1798 there were marines serving with the U.S. Navy, but no there was no separate corps. During the crisis of near-war with France in 1798, this report proposes a separate Marine Corps. On July 11, 1798 the bill was enacted creating the Corps. EVANS 34771. $1250.

30. Cathcart, James Leander: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM , AMERICAN CONSUL AT TRIPOLI, TO , AMERICAN CONSUL AT TUNIS, ARRANGING A BUSINESS DEAL FOR EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN GOODS]. Tripoli. July 14, 1799. [3]pp. on a folded folio sheet. With a brief note on the address page that appears to be in Arabic. Old folds. Tear from wax seal, not affecting any text. Very good.

This letter unites two American consuls to the Barbary states in a proposed business venture involving various goods. Both James Leander Cathcart and William Eaton had been appointed as consuls by President John Adams. In this letter Cathcart proposes a joint business venture to Eaton (likely one of many between the two men) involving cloth, sugar, spices, wine, brandy, and other goods. The letter dis- cusses the role of Jewish merchants in the trade of the region and the rigid control exercised by local potentates, and demonstrates the actions of American consuls in Barbary to engage in business in order to supplement their incomes. James Cathcart and William Eaton were two of the central figures in Ameri- can diplomacy toward the Barbary states. Cathcart (1767-1843) led a fascinating life. He was born in , came to the United States as a child, served on an American at age twelve, and was imprisoned by the British. After the Revolution he was captured by while working on a merchant ship, and was held as a slave in for eleven years. Cathcart eventually learned Arabic, became a clerk to the of Algiers, and was freed from his by the United States treaty with Algiers of 1796. In 1798, John Adams appointed him U.S. Consul to Tripoli. William Eaton (1764-1811) had the most notorious career of any American involved with the Barbary states. He gained some military fame in the 1790s as an aid to General Anthony Wayne in the Old Northwest, and was appointed American consul to Tunis in 1798. While in office, Eaton espoused the cause of Hamet Karamanli, the exiled Pasha of Tripoli, who had been removed by his brother, Yusuf. This led to Eaton’s famous adventure, culminating in the Battle of Derne (1804), in which Eaton led a force of and European mercenaries. However, at the same time American diplomat was negotiating a treaty with , thereby undermining Eaton’s efforts. Later in his life Eaton was involved in the treason trial of . In the present letter, Cathcart proposes a large commercial venture with Eaton. On the second page Cathcart informs Eaton that he is sending him wine and brandy to sell. The fourth page of the sheet, otherwise used to address the letter to Eaton, contains a further note from Cathcart. DAB III, pp.572-73. $4500.

31. [Nantucket Lighthouse]: UNITED STATES TO PAUL PINKHAM DR. FOR MATERIALS AND LABOUR IN REPAIRING THE LIGHT HOUSE DWELLING HOUSE AND BUILDING A BARN AT NANTUCKET 1797 [manuscript title]. Nantucket, Ma. Feb. 20, 1799. [1]p. on a folio sheet, 11¾ x 7¼ inches. Old folds. A touch of foxing. Very good.

Contemporary manuscript evidence of the reconstruction and maintenance of the main lighthouse on Nantucket, called the Great Point Lighthouse, or simply the Nantucket Lighthouse. The light sits at the end of a seven-mile long strip of land and overlooks Nantucket Sound and the Atlantic Ocean, an area that by the end of the 18th century was one of the busiest shipping channels on the East Coast. An iconic lighthouse in an important location, it continues in operation to this day. The Nantucket lighthouse was built in 1784 (its construction delayed several years by the American Revolution), and Paul Pinkham, a former whaler and the creator of an important chart of the shoals of Nantucket and Vineyards Sounds, was made the first lighthouse keeper. Initially there was no keeper’s house and Pinkham had to walk several miles each day to reach the lighthouse. This situation was rectified in the late 1790s when Pinkham was authorized to build a house and barn at the lighthouse, and to improve the structure itself. The present document is Pinkham’s bill for the work he did on site in 1797, apparently written in his hand. The total bill comes to $150.37, and includes reimbursement for Pinkham’s labor, as well as money spent on twenty panes of glass, paint, barn shingles, hinges, “freighting the lumber from town,” carpenter’s work, and for other expenses. The bulk of the work was done in June 1797, and Pinkham was reimbursed $100 by Captain Alexander Gardner that December. As of February 20, 1799, according to a note at the bot- tom of the invoice, Pinkham was still owed $50.37. He has signed the document as “Keeper of the Light House Nantucket.” An excellent piece of Nantucket lighthouse history, quite displayable. $1750.

32. Moore, John Hamilton: THE NEW PRACTICAL NAVIGATOR; BEING AN EPITOME OF NAVIGATION; CONTAINING THE DIFFERENT METHODS OF WORKING THE LUNAR OBSER- VATIONS, AND ALL THE REQUISITE TABLES USED WITH THE NAUTICAL ALMANAC...ALSO, THE SUBSTANCE OF INFORMATION EVERY CANDIDATE FOR THE AMERICAN NAVY OUGHT TO BE ACQUAINTED WITH.... Newburyport: Printed by Edmund M. Blunt, 1800. 570,[2]pp. plus seven (of eight) en- graved plates. Lacks the plate depicting ship’s rigging. Contemporary sheep, spine gilt, leather label. Spine bright, covers rather dried and scuffed. Some scattered foxing, slight staining to foredge of last few leaves. Else very good.

The second American edition, after the first American edition of the previous year. Although originally published in England in 1722, this is rightfully called an early American navigational guide because of its many revisions and additions by Nathaniel Bowditch. Two years after the publication of this book, Bowditch was compelled to produce an entirely new work, which he titled The New American Practical Navigator..., a book Howes describes as the first accurate navigator’s guide. The history of the Bowditch Navigator is treated exhaustively in John Campbell’s History and Bibliography of the New American Practical Navigator (Salem, 1964). RINK 3896. EVANS 37991. SABIN 50412. $750.

33. [British Military]: THE FIELD OF MARS: BEING AN ALPHA- BETICAL DIGESTION OF THE PRINCIPAL NAVAL AND MILITARY ENGAGEMENTS, IN EUROPE, ASIA, , AND AMERICA, PARTICULARLY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND HER ALLIES, FROM THE NINTH CENTURY TO THE PEACE OF 1801. London. 1801. Two volumes, not paginated. Quarto. Bound to style in three-quarter calf and marbled boards. Titlepage and frontispiece of each volume foxed. Light scattered foxing in text. Very good. In uniform tan half morocco boxes, spines gilt.

The work contains numerous entries for North American battles of the Seven Years’ War and the American Revolution, including Annapolis Royal, Beausejour, Brandy-Wine, Lake Champlain, Charlestown, Fort Frontenac, Louisbourg, etc. The entry for Bunker Hill describes the battle by quoting from a letter from General Burgoyne to Lord Stanley; he writes: “’And now ensued one of the greatest scenes of war that can be conceived...the day ended with glory, and the success was most important, considering the ascendancy it gave the regular troops; but the loss was uncommon in officers, for the numbers engaged.’” A veritable trove of military information, with descriptions of many important battles in British – and American – history. SABIN 24297. $2500.

A Primary Document in American Diplomacy: The Chief U.S. Diplomat to Muslim Powers Hands Over the Post to His Successor, Tobias Lear

34. O’Brien, Richard: [ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT ESSAY OF IN- STRUCTIONS AND NOTES ON THE CUSTOMS OF ALGIERS AND THE WORK OF THE AMERICAN CONSUL, FROM OUT- GOING CONSUL, RICHARD O’BRIEN, TO HIS SUCCESSOR, TOBIAS LEAR; ALSO INCLUDING O’BRIEN’S STATEMENT OF THE ACCOUNTS OF HIS OFFICE AND NOTES ON TRADE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND ALGIERS]. Algiers. 1801-1804. [52]pp. of accounts statement plus [62]pp. description of local customs. A total of about 10,000 words. Small quarto. Original marbled boards, backed with later brown cloth tape. Boards a bit worn, and with some small paint drops on the front board. Very clean and neat internally, and in overall near fine condition. In a half morocco box.

A remarkable and fascinating volume, amounting to a thorough primer on how to conduct business with the Muslim powers as the American consul in Algiers, writ- ten by the outgoing American consul for his successor. Richard O’Brien was the American consul general at Algiers from 1797 to 1803 and, in essence, the chief American diplomat to all the Barbary states. He was replaced by Tobias Lear, and these two men were the primary American representatives in the region, and to any Muslim powers, during a period of high diplomatic tensions and unfolding military actions. The Mediterranean was a highly important outlet for American trade goods, but attacks from Barbary pirates on American shipping and demands for tribute and ransom from deys, pashas, and led to American military actions against the Barbary states. Richard O’Brien was at the center of all these events, and this manuscript volume is an invaluable work on how to conduct diplomacy and commerce in the Barbary states. It is also highly significant in discussing the importance of Jewish trading houses and business leaders in conducting commerce and in negotiating with the Algerine regency. This volume was given to Tobias Lear as he succeeded O’Brien as United States consul general at Algiers. Though not addressed directly to Lear, it was clearly written for him (and descended in his family papers), and Lear is mentioned by name several times in the text. It was designed to give Lear an idea of the status of the accounts of the United States and its consul, and also to give him highly detailed advice on how to perform the full range of his duties in Algiers. It is a unique and vitally important primer on the workings of the Barbary regencies and the chief diplomatic and commercial challenges in the area. O’Brien discusses a huge range of issues, including diplomatic protocol when dealing with heads of state, details for receiving American commercial and military vessels in ports, the bribes needed to permit commerce to function efficiently, and local customs involving slaves, women, and the Muslim religion. An important sec- tion discusses the methods for communicating and working with the Dey of Algiers and his ministry, including the use of an Algerine “drogerman,” and the importance of working with leading Jewish-owned trading houses, who have much influence and power within the workings of the regency. The section dealing with American accounts gives much information on the use of the house of Bacri and Busnach in facilitating American trade. Indeed, O’Brien’s discussion of the role and power of these Jewish trading houses is an important contribution to our knowledge of the role and power of Jewish traders and business houses in at the time. Richard O’Brien (1758-1824) was born in present-day Maine, though his fam- ily soon moved to Ireland. He was apprenticed to a sea captain at an early age, and was a mariner until 1785. Though without much formal schooling, he was an autodidact, and became a skilled sailor. He engaged in privateering on behalf of his native country during the American Revolution, and served as a lieutenant on the brig Jefferson. After the war he became master of a Philadelphia merchant ship, but was captured by Algerine pirates in July 1785, and was held captive by the Dey of Algiers for several years. During his imprisonment he carried on an extensive correspondence with prominent Americans regarding events in Algiers. The United States made a peace treaty with Algiers in 1795, resulting in O’Brien’s release, and he spent the next several months assisting in the signing, ratification, and implementation of the treaty. In October 1796 he was assigned the task of concluding a treaty with Tripoli, which he accomplished with dispatch. O’Brien was appointed United States consul general to Algiers in July 1797, effectively becom- ing the chief American diplomat to all the Barbary states. He held this position until he was replaced by Tobias Lear in the fall of 1803, after which he assisted Commodore in negotiations with Tripoli while the U.S. was at war with that state. O’Brien returned to the United States in 1804, served a term in the legislature, and cultivated a farm near Carlisle. The centerpiece of this volume is O’Brien’s sixty-two page essay, “Customs, &c. of Algiers, copied from the papers of Richard O’Brien, Esqr. late Consul-General of the United States, for this Regency. Jan. 1804.” The essay begins with instruc- tions on sailing into the harbor of Algiers from all directions, and gives advice on how the consul should assist American ships in dealing with harbor officials. The advice is practical and detailed. For example:

When you arrive & anchor at the port of Algiers, if you have stores for the Regency, you will get 2 or 3 of the cables of the regency to aid you in moor- ing; these with 2 out anchors & cables of your own, will be sufficient for your

moorings between the two pier-heads of the harbor. If you have a bell, it is to be muffled – the sound is offensive to the people of this country. You are not to hoist your colors, as a merchant vessel, in this port. You are to chain your boats & not to keep oars in them, for if the slaves should escape, in your boat, the gov’t. of the U.S. is answerable for the amt. of their ransom.

O’Brien continues with advice on the utility of bribing (with goods rather than money) the man who holds the position of “cable measurer” and on customary pay- ments to the harbor guardian and his slaves, who help moor the ship. Indeed, the number of Algerine palms that must be greased to get any business done is dizzying. To compound these problems, O’Brien warns Lear about being found giving bribes, and the potential dangers:

Should you be found out, & a report made to the great men, it will cost you sums to save your face. Should the report & detail reach the Dey, you will have a greater luncheon to give; and they might make this a pretence to get rid of you. They would consider you a bad engineer – blown up by your own mine. They would condemn you, without judge or jury; and after this you would never be satisfied with yourself. If you should be an innocent character they will pick the flesh from your bones & leave you, as an orange, without the juice. Mind you are between two capes – gain & loose, or between two currents – one sets to windward & the other to leeward. Notice well the discharging of cargoes into the pontoon flats or boats of the Regency. If you do not look out sharp, part will be plundered & the note from the ship & the store receivers will not agree; they will say it has been a mistake of the ship or mate – and where is your remedy? On all tacks, you are amongst privateersmen, sharpers & contrabandistos....In fact, the consul of a nation, in circumstances as the U.S. is by treaty, custom & usansa – has only a choice of difficulties. It will be a rare thing if he has it in his power to make a good tack to windward of Cape Lee-way.

One of the most fascinating passages of O’Brien’s essay is his discussion of a consul’s relations with the Dey’s court, and the proper methods and channels of communi- cation. Each consul employs a “drogerman,” a Muslim intermediary who conducts discussions with the court. O’Brien writes, however, that it is often more useful to employ Jewish businessmen as intermediaries in such matters:

Most all important affairs, relative to your nation & this regency are transacted between the Consul & Jew-directory, without the Drogerman having any great knowledge of the whole particulars. I have often observed, on these occasions, that the Jews act as the political ferry-boats, or as lawyers employed by both parties; whoever fees them best, they are in his behalf – but with consideration that they stand in no fear or dread of the consuls – but their lives & families &c. &c. are fully in the power of the Dey &c. The influence of the Jews & the present system of doing business, renders the drogerman not of so much importance as in times past. When the Consul, independent of the Jews, transacts any business with the Dey or Ministry, he must have the drogerman with him; but if on this plan – without doubt, the Jews will get scent of it, & oppose him, altho’ the affair may not concern them; but it is evident done, to sustain their system – and depend on it, agreeable to their present influence. It is not a pleasant thing for a Consul or his nations affairs to get a thwart of the Jewish Directory. They will make use of their political & lying harpoons – will, on this occasion, spend their own money to keep their ground, and drive you to leeward of that port, you presume to advance to....Such is the present power of the Directory – it is to be considered as a 2nd Dey & Ministry – & often, as the First.

O’Brien devotes a section of his essay to a discussion of the powerful Jewish-owned trading house of Bacri & Busnach, and its role in Algerine politics and diplomacy. Judging from his accounts located at the front of the present volume, Bacri & Busnach, which had been in business in Algiers for decades, was the chief house that O’Brien turned to for loans and to keep his accounts solvent. “It will often be in their [Bacri & Busnach’s] power to do him [the consul] an injury or render service. They are to know some affairs – but never your all.” He continues:

It will be to the interest of our affairs, for the Consul always to intimate that at present the Mediterranean commerce is no great object to the U.S. That our gov’t. intends, if any more extra demands &c. &c. to withdraw their af- fairs from this sea & have a fleet of & light corsairs at Gibraltar. This they will hear with no great satisfaction to their ideas & to their commercial interest. Those hints, occasionally, might be favorable to aid the scheme of cash payts. in lieu of stores &c. and also in not having heavy extra demands. Another consideration is that the Consul should always report or magnify to all the Ministry & directory & other consuls, that the Marine force of the U.S. in this sea is much greater than it really is – and never to give a true idea, how it is stationed, but that more is expected shortly.

O’Brien also discusses more day-to-day concerns that Lear will have to deal with, observing that “the consular house should be shut at sundown; and after this, no Turk or Moor should enter it.” He goes on to discuss the use that the consul may make of slaves loaned to him by the Regency, and his liability should any of them run away or be killed, and his options should he wish to exchange them for other servants. O’Brien also advises that the American consul should confer with his Danish and Swedish counterparts when considering gifts to the ministry or a new Dey, so that the gifts would be equivalent, and none of the three nations punished or put on the “black list” for seeming to be less generous than the others. He stresses that such things are not to be taken lightly, and that Algiers has started wars over perceived insults such as paltry sums in tribute:

On this acct. the Consular Agents of those powerful & particularly the tribu- tary nations, must be sensible, that every person in office in the Regency can do him injury. Therefore, his line of conduct towards those described must be visible or clearly understood. Difficult, as scripture describes it to be, for a man to serve two masters – notwithstanding the Consular efforts, must, seem- ingly be tried to all – thus act or demonstrate – if not in reality, it must be so to appearances – often giving bribes & presents.

Another section of text discusses more mundane issues of court propriety, and espionage:

The Consul, in all his visits to the Dey, kisses his hand, approaching & when ready to retreat; he shakes hands with all the ministry. The Consul & all of his nation must take off their hats or caps when they pass the street in front of the Palace – and never presume to put their hats or caps on in the Palace [this portion is underlined]. The drogerman should always attend the Consul in town, in going thro’ the streets, for if he should be insulted & not have his drogerman with him, it would be difficult to obtain redress. Thus, politically speaking, you are to be in company with the spy of the Regency.

Later he writes: “If you should be on horseback and meet the Dey (it is customary) you should alight, salute him & let him pass on....Observe, as two main shoals, that the religion and women of these Mahometans is not to be touched, nor will it hardly admit to be talked of, to these people.” O’Brien also notes that when the Dey meets with consular officials en masse the French consul always appears the night before, so as not to be seen going after the British consul, that the British consul never kisses the hand of the Dey, and that the American consul is always the last to be received. The concluding sections of O’Brien’s essay discuss protocol for when U.S. warships come into port. With the practical advice comes a general warning: “A vessel to anchor in the bay of Algiers should be ready always to get under way – and always ready for action – here are strong & sudden gales – and I may add, you are hardly ever secure on your affairs.” O’Brien notes that it is customary for the Algerines to fire a salute for visiting warships, but that it is the duty of the consul to reimburse the ministry of marine for the honor: “The Americans, Swedes, Danes, Dutch, pay for the salute $76. The British, French & Spanish pay $66. An old & humiliating custom.” This part of O’Brien’s volume concludes with a two-page list of the “marine force of Algiers, Jan. 10th, 1804” describing the ships and weaponry of the Algerine navy. The first fifty-two pages of this volume describe the general and specific nature of American trade with Algiers from 1799 to 1801, and O’Brien’s role in facilitating such trade. Included are descriptions of goods delivered to Algiers by American trading vessels, as well as lists of goods provided for those ships by O’Brien, on his account. A framework for conducting trade between the United States and Algiers had been constructed by the 1795 treaty, which allowed for free trade with all Algerian subjects. A customs duty would be charged on most goods, though military and naval goods were exempt from customs fees. Several American ships are named in O’Brien’s account book, including the Sophia, the George Washington, and the Peace & Plenty. There are also numerous entries detailing accounts with the Algerian regency, with Algerian trading houses, for business conducted in Tripoli, and describing the expenses incurred by O’Brien in his duties. Many of O’Brien’s accounts were conducted with the leading Jewish-owned trading house of Bacri & Busnach, and this volume provides important details on the functioning of that prominent Jewish- Algerian business. The account book highlights some of the difficulties O’Brien encountered in facilitating trade for the cash-strapped United States, as well as some of the peculiarities associated with the region he worked in. He often had to borrow money from local merchants to carry on his transactions. In one instance he writes: “Had I funds not to be dependent on the Jews for advances, I am convinced I would have saved 4 thousand dollars in the account to the United States.” An entry dated June 14, 1801 records O’Brien having forwarded $517 for “a present to the Dey on the circumcision of his son.” Another entry records costs for a “present to the Gen’l. of Marine on his return from Constantinople.” O’Brien notes that on May 10, 1801 he paid $24 to the carrier that took controversial American William Eaton to Tunis, while on the next day he paid $40 “to the Christian slave hospital a customary national charity.” Several other entries record payments (i.e. pay-offs) to various local officials to enable O’Brien to do his job in an efficient manner, while other payments were clearly for bribes. For example, an entry of November 1, 1801 describes a payment of $120 “to the Dey’s nephew who went in a Swedes vessel for Rhodes a customary present & something extra for his helping to persuade the Dey from not taking the ship Brutus of Salem on a voyage for Rhodes.” Also included is a copy of a lengthy letter from O’Brien to Secretary of State , dated November 25, 1801, discussing trade with Algiers, the Dey’s purchasing of timber from the United States, and the importance of not falling into arrears with Bacri & Busnach. A substantial portion of the letter describes O’Brien’s thoughts on several types of ships he has seen in the port of Algiers and their suit- ability for use in the American navy. He relates his views on the importance of a strong American naval presence in the Mediterranean, in order to protect shipping and to impress the leaders of the Barbary states:

We should never forget the necessity of having 3 or 4 frigates in this sea. It is force on one tack that will give us security and keep the evil minded in awe and it will be in vain for us to know that we are a great nation, that we have 6 millions of inhabitants, that we have great exports and imports, that we have 6000 sail of vessels. All this avails nothing to foreign nations, particularly to Barbary. They will say where is your navy – the Swedes, [?], Portuguese and Dutch have not half your number or resources & they have considerable mari- time force....I am convinced that as long as those regencies do not exceed the boundary of reason that it will be the interest of the U.S. to be at peace with them. The Mediterranean is equal to all Europe out side of the Straits, and is an extensive field for commerce. If we have war with all we must have a large fleet of frigates in this sea and I doubt that we would be effectually adequate to give a secure convoy to our commerce in this sea owing to winds & currents and to give our commerce in the Western Ocean security. We should have a fleet at Gibraltar and even then war would raise the insurance on our whole commerce to Europe.

O’Brien also tells Madison that he has forwarded him a Koran, “the contents I presume will give you some singular information.” A copy of another letter to Madison relates details of the meeting of a French revolutionary official with the Dey of Algiers and the Dey’s demand of a bribe for peace. A fascinating and highly important manuscript, giving an incredibly wide-ranging and detailed description of all aspects of American commerce and diplomacy in Algiers in the early years of the , and with significant information on the role and importance of Jewish trading houses in local politics and commerce. DNB XIII, pp.611-12. $75,000.

The First Edition of Bowditch

35. Bowditch, Nathaniel: THE NEW AMERICAN PRACTICAL NAVIGATOR; BEING AN EPITOME OF NAVIGATION...THE WHOLE EXEMPLIFIED IN A JOURNAL, KEPT FROM BOS- TON TO , IN WHICH ALL THE RULES OF NAVI- GATION ARE INTRODUCED.... Newburyport: Edmund M. Blunt for Thomas Biggs, 1802. 589,[4],pp. plus [3]pp. of ads, plus seven engraved plates and folding frontispiece map. Contemporary calf, expertly rebacked, original richly gilt backstrip laid down, gilt leather label. Folding map neatly repaired along vertical folds and at lower margin, but with no loss of printed area. Contemporary ownership notes on endpapers. Text age-toned throughout, scattered foxing. Overall a good to very good copy, in original condition. In a half morocco and cloth slipcase, spine gilt.

The scarce first edition of the first accurate American navigational guide, a landmark work in its field. Most copies were used to pieces, hence the scarcity of decent copies. “The first complete epitome of practical navigation for the common man.... Often termed the greatest book in all the history of navigation, this intellectual achievement of our early culture was indispensable to the maritime and commercial expansion of the nineteenth century” – Grolier American Hundred. Bowditch was originally hired by Blunt to revise John Hamilton Moore’s New Practical Navigator, first published by Blunt with Bowditch’s additions in 1799. Proficient in several languages, with a good amount of sailing experience, and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Bowditch added much to the work in the way of additional information. He contributed so much in the way of revisions, that he decided to completely redo the book, publishing it in 1802 with a new title and with Bowditch listed as the author. It is a fundamentally important work on the art of navigation, with scores of tables and diagrams, and a wealth of practical (naturally) information. The whole history of the Bowditch Navigator is told exhaustively in John Camp- bell’s History and Bibliography of the New American Practical Navigator (Salem, 1964). Campbell identifies eight different imprints for the first edition (all listing different regional booksellers) and does not hazard to officially assign priority. The present copy bears contemporary ownership inscriptions on the endpapers and a note reading “March the 14th 1810 lying in Funchal,” indicating that an early owner of this copy might have been engaged in trans-Atlantic trade in the early 19th century. CAMPBELL 3. GROLIER AMERICAN 100, 25. HOWES B657, “b.” STREETER SALE 3967. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 1936-1939 (other issues). $7500.

One of the Navy’s First Commodores

36. Truxtun, Thomas: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM TO AARON BURR, REQUESTING BURR’S ASSISTANCE WITH A SPOLIATION CLAIM]. Alexan- dria. Feb. 6, 1802. [1]p. Folio. Old fold lines. Minor soiling. Very good. In a grey half morocco and cloth clamshell case, spine gilt.

Truxtun was a sailor and naval captain who commanded privateers during the American Revolution and was later appointed a commodore in the newly created U.S. Navy. He gained some considerable renown during the Quasi-War with France, but he quarreled with his superiors, and his naval career effectively ended with the Quasi-War in late 1800. A good friend of Aaron Burr, as borne out by this letter, Truxtun testified as a state witness at Burr’s treason trial in 1807. “Truxtun was one of a small group of naval officers who founded and developed some of the finest traditions of the fighting U.S. Navy. Less well known than John Paul Jones, Edward Preble, or , he was in fact one of their true counterparts” – ANB. Truxtun carried on mercantile affairs after his retirement from the U.S. Navy. In this letter he asks his friend Aaron Burr, now vice president, to do what he can to speed along the settlement process. He also wishes that Burr “may soon & very soon mount the other step” (i.e. become president). This wasn’t meant to be, as Jefferson preferred that James Madison succeed him as president, and Burr did not have the support needed to gain the office. ANB (online). $2000.

An Outstanding Archive Relating to the United States’ First Major Overseas Conflict

37. Preble, Edward, Commodore: [COLLECTION OF FOURTEEN AUTOGRAPH LETTERS, SIGNED, AND MANUSCRIPT LET- TERS OR CIRCULARS IN A SECRETARIAL HAND, FROM COMMODORE EDWARD PREBLE TO TOBIAS LEAR, THE AMERICAN CONSUL TO THE BARBARY STATES, DISCUSS- ING ALL THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUES AND ACTIONS OF THE BARBARY WARS]. [Various ports and locations in the Medi- terranean and the Barbary States]. 1803-1804. [25]pp. of manuscript, written on folded folio sheets. Several pages have tears from wax seals or otherwise, with some paper loss, affecting a few words of text on two letters, but gener- ally with no loss of text or readability. Overall very good. In a half morocco and cloth clamshell case.

A truly outstanding group of letters from Commodore Edward Preble to Tobias Lear, addressing all the most important issues in the era of the Barbary Wars. Preble, commander of the United States Mediterranean Squadron, and Lear, the consul in Algiers, were the two most important Americans in the most sensitive region for the United States. Theirs is a correspondence of the highest level, and offers unparalleled insights into the diplomatic and military policies of the United States during the Barbary Wars. Edward Preble and Tobias Lear likely knew each other since the 1770s, as both were students at Dummer Academy in Massachusetts in the early years of the American Revolution. In 1803, Preble was made commander of the Mediterranean Squadron and Tobias Lear was the newly-appointed American consul general to the Barbary states. The Mediterranean was an important trading region for the United States, but the region was a mine field as well, as pirates sponsored by the leaders of the Barbary states routinely harassed and attacked American shipping in the area. Preble and Lear sailed to the Mediterranean together in the summer of 1803, aboard the U.S.S. Constitution; Lear charged with improving American relations with Algiers, Tripoli, Tunis, and Morocco, and Preble with projecting American military might into the region, to protect American trading interests. The letters in this collection address the capture of the U.S.S. Philadelphia and the subsequent destruction of that ship by American forces in the bay of Tripoli; Preble’s capture of the ship that was used in the American attack on the Philadelphia; strategies for ransoming the crew of the Philadelphia; Preble’s blockade of the port of Tripoli and his attacks on Morocco and Tripoli; and much more. The letters in this collection are dated September 1803 to December 1804. Four of the letters appear to be completely in Preble’s hand, while the other ten are in secretarial hands. Commodore Edward Preble (1761-1807) was born at Falmouth (now Port- land, Maine). He joined the Massachusetts state navy in 1780, and participated in battles against the Royal Navy and Loyalist privateers. For a brief time he was held prisoner by the British aboard the prison ship Jersey. After the war he en- gaged as a master and supercargo of merchants’ vessels sailing to Europe, Africa, and the West Indies. By the time of the “Quasi War” in the 1790s he was eager to join the American navy, and was commissioned a lieutenant in 1798, and was promoted to captain the following year. In 1803-1804, Preble was commander of the U.S. Mediterranean Squadron, arguably the most important command in the navy at the time. The United States was at war with the Barbary states, and Preble’s activities in this period – the period covered by the present group of letters – are what made his reputation. He fought successfully against Morocco and Tripoli and engineered, with Stephen Decatur, the destruction of the captured American frigate Philadelphia. After his return to the United States he supervised the construction of and served as an adviser to the Navy. Tobias Lear (1762-1816) is best known for his service as George Washington’s personal secretary, and for his diplomatic work. He served as Washington’s aid from 1786 to 1793, and again from 1798 until Washington’s death the following year. He was very close to the Washington family: he married two of Washington’s nieces, was at George Washington’s bedside when he died, and was executor of his estate. Lear’s activities in that capacity were clouded by controversy, as he was suspected of destroying several of Washington’s personal papers after the General’s death. Thomas Jefferson appointed Lear consul to Saint Domingue during the reign of Touissant Louverture, a position he held for a year, until May 1802. Shortly after- ward, Jefferson appointed Lear as consul general to the Barbary states. Stationed at Algiers, he held the sensitive post until 1812, when the dey of Algiers expelled him. Lear’s tenure as consul in Algiers was controversial as well, as he negotiated a treaty with the pasha of Tripoli in 1805, which included provisions to pay a ransom of $60,000 for the captive crew of the American ship U.S.S. Philadelphia. During the , Lear negotiated with the British over prisoner-of-war exchanges in northern New York. He committed suicide in 1816. The earliest letter in this group was written by Preble from Gibraltar Bay on September 30, 1803, just over two weeks after he and Lear arrived at Gibraltar with the U.S.S. Constitution. The pressing matter at hand for the United States was the hostility of Morocco, and Preble writes Lear: “I had had correspondence with Mr. Simpson. Shall make you fully acquainted with the present state of af- fairs with our Morocco ‘friends’ [underlined in the original] as soon as I see you.” In another letter, dated the next day, Preble invites Lear to join him for lunch, no doubt to inform him of the steps he is taking to bring the Moroccan to heel. Preble gathered his naval forces quickly, and on October 3rd he wrote Lear again, inviting him to join him aboard the Constitution for another update on the rapidly evolving situation: “I have rec’d. dispatches from Mr. Simpson & wish to consult you immediately. Be so good as to come in the boat which brings you this, as I cannot leave the ship at present. I shall sail this afternoon.” By mid-November Preble had managed to wring concessions from the Moroc- cans, but was now occupied with Tripoli. On November 14, Preble wrote Lear to coordinate their movements toward Algiers: “Your proposition to wait at Algiers until the spring, I think prudent and proper, as the season is now too far advanced for active operations against Tripoli, with any prospect of success.” The next docu- ment in the present collection is a manuscript copy of Preble’s announcement of the blockade of the harbor of Tripoli. It is written in the form of a circular, in a secretarial hand, addressed to Lear, datelined at the Bay of Algiers, and signed by Preble as “commander in chief of the United States Ships of War in the Mediter- ranean.” The text reads:

Sir, Whereas the United States of America, and the Regency of Tripoli, are in a state of war and actual hostility with each other; I have thought proper in order to distress the enemy, by preventing any supplies from reaching him, to blockade the port of Tripoli by a detachment of ships of war acting under my orders; and you are hereby requested to communicate this information to the government of Algiers, and to all the consuls of neutral powers residing there, that they may warn the vessels of their respective flags, that all neutral vessels that attempt to enter the port of Tripoli, or are met with on the coast of that port, after this notice as received by such neutral powers, will be stopped by the squadron under my command, and sent into port for adjudication.

The next letter in the group is present in two copies, both in a secretarial hand. It was written by Preble from harbor, and is dated January 17, 1804. Preble discusses the situation of the captured ship, U.S.S. Philadelphia, his plans for a prisoner exchange in order to free its crew – which was being held in Tripoli – and also relates news of his capture of a Turkish vessel. He alludes to plans being formed with regard to Tripoli (likely the attack on the Philadelphia, which would take place a month later), but tells Lear that he is loath to brief him by letter, but will send someone to Algiers to fill him in on his plans:

I was honored with your esteem’d favor by the Siren, and most sincerely deplore the loss of the Philadelphia and its attendant consequences – it was to me an unexpected & mortifying circumstance, but we must make the best of it. I have not yet had it in my power to send a boat on shore of Tripoli on account of the severe weather I met with near that Coast. On the 23rd of December in sight of Tripoli I captured a vessel under Turkish colours from that Port only a few hours out, bound to Bengara. She had on board two Tripoline officers of distinction, a number of Tripoline soldiers, 30 young black women and 12 black boys, some belonging to the Bashaw, and some to Tripoline merchants, and some of the officers side arms &c. captured in the Philadelphia. The prize is now in Syracuse where I have established my head quarters. I came here yesterday in the Vixen to have the papers of the prize translated, and to forward some necessary supplies to Captain Bainbridge, his officers and crew. I hope this capture will enable me to effect the release of some of our coun- trymen and I have proposed an exchange. I shall write you as soon as I know the results of my proposition to the Bashaw & shall by the next opportunity send you copies of my letters. It will not do to be too anxious for the ransom of our friends, as the Bashaws demands will undoubtedly be too exorbitant to meet the concurrence of our government. I am taking measures to lessen his pretensions as soon as the weather becomes favorable to our operations and hope to convince him that it will be for his interest to make peace on reason- able terms. It would be imprudent in me at present to make known to you by letter my plans. I shall ‘ere long send a vessel to Algiers you will then have all the information I can give you.

Preble’s next letter was written two weeks later, on January 31, from Syracuse har- bor. It is a remarkable letter, divulging plans for Stephen Decatur’s daring attack on the Philadelphia using the ship that Preble has just captured, and discussing with Lear possible strategies for negotiating with Tripoli for the American sailors captured from the Philadelphia, including the payment of a ransom. Preble writes:

Since my last letter to you I have discovered that the prize I took off Tripoly [sic] the 23rd ulto. under Turkish colours was in that port when the Philadel- phia ran on the rocks; and that the captain who pretended to be a Turk took on board upwards of an hundred Tripolines armed with and – slipped his cables – hauled down the Turk’s and hoisted Tripoline colours, and went out to the attack; and as soon as the frigate surrendered boarded her, plundered the officers and men, and conducted them as prisoners to the Bashaw. In consequence of this conduct I have detained him and his crew, and shall make prize of the vessel. The captain and crew having acted hostile towards our flag under enemies colours, I cannot release either the vessel or them, as I have no doubt but should they meet an American merchant vessel they would without hesitation capture her. If a Tripoline, he is a prize, if a Turk, a pirate. I find on translation of the papers that 23 of the negroes belonging to the Bashaw of Tripoly, which he intended as presents to the captain Pacha and other officers; and 20 of them belonged to the officers and merchants of Tripoly, which were for sale....The prize is equipped as a . She sails tomorrow with 70 volunteers from the squadron on board, under the command of Captain Decatur whose orders are to burn the Philadelphia in the harbour of Tripoly. The Siren brig goes with him to assist with her boats and cover the retreat. I hope they will succeed; it is of national importance that they should.

Preble then discusses the situation of the captured crew of the Philadelphia, and possibly paying a ransom for their freedom:

I have rec’d. letters from Capt. B[ainbridge] as late as the 18th inst. He complains of not having received one from me, notwithstanding I have writ- ten several from Malta last week. I forwarded clothing, stores & money to a considerable amount to the care of the English and Danish consuls. The Bashaw has received my proposals for an exchange of prisoners ere this, but I have no answer. While I was at Malta I received proposals from the Bashaw of Tripoly’s agent for a peace, which he says he is authorised by the Bashaw to negotiate. The Bashaw finds we are making considerable preparations for the next summer, and has become alarmed. His agent proposes a truce for 10 years. I told him that would not do. I had several consultations with him and assured him we never would consent to pay a cent for Peace or Tribute. He then proposed that we should give the Bashaw 500 dollars for each of the Philadelphia’s officers and crew – a schooner in exchange for the frigate, and make peace without money or tribute and that they would exchange 60 Ameri- cans for the sixty Tripolines in my possession. This would be gaining peace on more reasonable terms than is expected by our government. Say 300 American captives; 60 Tripolines deduct’d; leaves 240 at 500 doll. each, $120,000 and we should gain something by exchanging one of the worst for the frigate. If you could prevail on Mr. O’Brien [Lear’s predecessor as consul at Algiers] to come here with Capt. Smith as he speaks the language of Barbary, he could be of infinite service in any negotiation. I should be glad to see you both here, and wish I had a larger vessel to send for your accomodation [sic]; but if you cannot leave Algiers at present what sum will you authorise me to pay for the ransom of the officers and crew of the Philadelphia, if the Bashaw will make peace without money – without any annual tribute or any consular present – except a small present at the reception of the first consul that is appointed? I am anxious to know your opinion, as I expect further proposals from the Bashaw in three weeks.

Ultimately, Tobias Lear negotiated an agreement with Tripoli in 1805, in which the United States paid $60,000 in ransom for the crew of the Philadelphia. The agreement drew much scorn in the United States, most of it directed at Lear. On June 19, 1804, from the U.S.S. Constitution at Tunis Bay, Preble wrote Lear a long and interesting letter regarding his hopes for negotiation with Tripoli, but detailing the preparations he has made to attack the harbor of Tripoli should need be. Preble appealed to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies for boats and weapons, which he ultimately used to attack Tripoli’s maritime defenses numerous times in August and early September, 1804. He writes that since his last letter:

...the squadron has closely blockaded Tripoly. The 4th of May I left this Bay for and applied to the King for the loan of six gun and two mortar boats completely prepared for service, with a sufficient stock of naval and military stores for a siege. I also applied for six long battering cannon 26 pounders for the upper deck of this ship, the whole was immediately granted. I took on board the battering cannon, nine hundred shot, and one hundred barrels of powder at Naples, and sailed for Messina where I remained three days, and sailed for Syracuse with six gun boats under American colours, each carrying a long 26 pounder, and manned with 30 Americans. The bombards will be ready in a few days; I intend then to make a dash at the Tripolitans, and I hope with success.

While he prepared for war with Tripoli, Preble pursued a two-track negotiation: using the French consul, Bonaventure Beaussier, as an intermediary, and sending his own officers to open channels of communication with the leader of Tripoli. He writes:

I enclose you copies of two letters from Mr. Beaussier and my answers [not included with this collection] – you will readily discover he is no friend of ours. I also send you a copy of my instructions to Captain O’Brien [also not included here] the 13th instant where I sent him on shore at Tripoly to endeavour to negotiate for the ransom of our country men, and for peace if the Bashaw should desire it. I conceived your letter of the 23rd march by the Vixen sufficient authority for me to say that I was empowered to ransom the prisoners, and make peace whenever it could be done consistent with the honor and dignity of the United States. The terms offered, I presume, would have been satisfactory to our government, if they had been accepted, and hope I shall be able ere long to oblige the Bashaw to accept, although he has been so imprudent as to refuse them....It is truly singular that the French consul did not see Mr. O’Brien when he landed at Tripoly, notwithstanding he has instructions from his government to endeavour to procure the liberation of the officers and crew of the Philadelphia.

In this same letter Preble also discusses what he considers the petty complaints of the leaders of the Barbary states with regard to ships seized by the U.S. Navy, relates his understanding of American reinforcements on their way to the Mediterranean (“with such a force at hand, we shall have nothing to fear from the powers of Bar- bary combined”), and describes the efforts he has taken to alleviate the condition of the prisoners taken from the U.S.S. Philadelphia: “Captain Bainbridge complains of the want of clothing for his people. I have now on board this ship a sufficient quantity ready made for them to last more than twelve months but have not been permitted to send them shore. I hope to in a few days as well as a quantity of stores, and a full supply of cash.” The final letter, dated at Naples on December 22, 1804, is a copy of a letter (noted “triplicate”) written from Preble to Commodore Samuel Barron. Barron, who was senior to Preble in rank and led a larger and more powerful squadron than Preble’s, replaced him as commander of the United States fleet in the Mediterranean in September 1804. Preble notes that his ship will sail “direct for the United States” that evening, and writes Barron with information on negotiations he had under- taken with Palermo for more guns and ships to use in the fight with the Barbary states. Preble says that he came to Palermo armed with letters of introduction to the Prime Minister and King, and though he had audiences with both, he was un- able to secure any additional weapons or ships. He suspects “that French influence here has deprived us of the gun boats....Beware of the French consul in Tripoli, for I believe him to be our enemy.” Preble advises Barron to approach the Maltese for gun boats, mortars, and shells, and gives his “ardent wishes for your prosperity and that of the squadron under your command.” A collection of letters of the highest importance, addressing all the most important issues and actions of the Barbary Wars in 1803-1804, written from the commander of American naval forces to the leading American diplomat in the region. $75,000.

American Consuls Share Intelligence on Barbary Pirates

38. Montgomery, Robert: [COLLECTION OF SIX MANUSCRIPT LETTERS, SIGNED, FROM ROBERT MONTGOMERY, AMER- ICAN CONSUL IN , SPAIN, TO TOBIAS LEAR, AMERICAN CONSUL IN ALGIERS, GIVING HIM DETAILS OF GROWING ANGLO-FRENCH TENSIONS, FRENCH PRI- VATEERING AGAINST AMERICAN SHIPPING, AND THE EARLY STAGES OF THE PENINSULAR WAR IN SPAIN, AND OFFERING TO ASSIST IN PAYING RANSOM FOR AMERI- CAN PRISONERS IN TRIPOLI]. Alicante, Spain. 1803-1808. Six let- ters (on five sheets), totaling [12]pp. of manuscript. Written on folded folio sheets of varying sizes. Old folds. Two letters with small tears (one where wax seal had been affixed), but with no loss of text. Near fine.

A very interesting and informative group of letters from the American consul in Alicante, Spain to American diplomat Tobias Lear in Algiers, transmitting intel- ligence on the activities of Napoleon in Europe and the early stages of the Penin- sular Campaign in Spain. Montgomery describes several of the early battles in the Peninsular War, as well as rising tensions between France and Britain, and French depredations on American shipping. In one letter Montgomery also offers his as- sistance in paying the ransom for American prisoners held in Tripoli, an episode that brought Lear sharp criticism. Lear’s was one of the most important American diplomatic positions, as this was the era of the Barbary Wars. In these letters he shows that he kept abreast of events in Europe as well. Robert Montgomery was a Philadelphian who established a commercial house in Alicante, Spain in 1776. Throughout his career Montgomery involved himself with American diplomatic activities in the Mediterranean and North Africa. In 1783, apparently at his own initiative, he attempted to open diplomatic relations with the Sultan of Morocco, an early American overture to the Barbary states. He applied for the post of American consul at Alicante in 1787 and was appointed to that position in 1793. Montgomery and other consuls as they were appointed were effectively the United States diplomatic service abroad, since only the major European powers rated ambassadorships, and during this era these posts were not always filled. Three of the letters, and the postscript of another, appear to be all in Mongtomery’s hand. The others are apparently in secretarial hands. Tobias Lear (1762-1816) is best known for his service as George Washington’s personal secretary, and for his diplomatic work. He served as Washington’s aid from 1786 to 1793, and again from 1798 until Washington’s death the next year. He was very close to the Washington family: he married two of Washington’s nieces, was at George Washington’s bedside when he died, and was executor of his estate. Lear’s activities in that capacity were clouded by controversy, as he was suspected of destroying several of Washington’s personal papers after the General’s death. Thomas Jefferson appointed Lear as consul to Saint Domingue during the reign of Toussaint Louverture, a position he held for a year, until May 1802. Shortly afterward, Jefferson appointed Lear consul general to the Barbary States. Stationed at Algiers, he held the sensitive post until 1812, when the dey of Algiers expelled him. Lear’s tenure as consul in Algiers was controversial as well, as he negotiated a treaty with the pasha of Tripoli in 1805, which included provisions to pay a ransom of $60,000 for the captive crew of the American ship, U.S.S. Philadelphia. During the War of 1812, Lear negotiated with the British over prisoner-of-war exchanges in northern New York. He committed suicide in 1816. The earliest letter in this group is dated December 1, 1803. Montgomery sends Lear a report on possible military conflict between Britain and France, and the activities of Napoleon. Despite the fact that the two nations had signed the Treaty of Amiens in March 1802, tensions remained high. The next two letters, dated March 15 and April 7, 1804, are both written on the same sheet of paper. Significantly, in the letter of March 15, Montgomery discusses the American cap- tives in Tripoli, and offers to furnish Spanish “dollars” for their ransom. He also sends news on the activities of Lord Nelson, and also offers to help Lear in freeing Americans captive in Tripoli. In the letter of April 7, Montgomery reports that the only fighting between France and Great Britain is being done in the popular press. In a letter dated January 17, 1807, Montgomery sends more news of events in Europe. He tells Lear that since it appears he is receiving French newspapers in a timely manner via , he will now concentrate on sending him American papers instead. Montgomery also reports on French military activities in central Europe, and naval depredations against American shipping. On June 2, 1808, Montgomery writes Lear an important letter giving him details of the increasing French presence in Spain, as Napoleon geared up for the Peninsular Campaign and forced the Spanish monarch to abdicate the throne. He begins the letter by telling Lear that he may want to send letters to Montgomery via a third party, a Spaniard in Alicante, in case the letters are being intercepted by the Spanish authorities. He describes the Spanish people as enthusiastic in defense of their country, and estimates that they may field as many as a million combatants. He writes that it is said that the French have some 150,000 troops in Spain and Portugal, well disciplined and with clear lines of communication. He concludes by writing: “The Spanish troops of the line are about seventy thousand good men, and their recruits (I think) might be made the first army in Europe, discipline is all they want.” The final letter is dated July 24, 1808 and is filled with news of the early stages of the Peninsular War, giving detailed reports of battles between Napoleon’s forces and the Spanish resistance. He gives details of the battles Zaragosa and Cordova. He concludes by writing: “there is no doubt at this day, between climate, , and desertion the French have lost eighty thousand men....” In all, a fascinating group of letters relating important information on events in Europe during the Napoleonic Wars, details of battles during the opening months of the Peninsular Campaign, and negotiations over the freeing of American prisoners in Tripoli. $6000.

The Shores of Tripoli: Stephen Decatur’s Retained Copy of His Report of His Famous Raid on Tripoli Harbor

39. Decatur, Stephen: [LIEUTENANT COMMANDER STEPHEN DECATUR’S OWN RETAINED MANUSCRIPT COPY OF HIS LETTER TO COMMODORE EDWARD PREBLE, DESCRIB- ING HIS ATTACK ON AND SINKING OF THE UNITED STATES FRIGATE PHILADELPHIA IN TRIPOLI HARBOR, ONE OF THE LEGENDARY ACTIONS IN AMERICAN NAVAL HISTORY]. On Board the Ketch Intrepid at Sea. Feb. 17, 1804. [3]pp. manuscript letter, signed. Letter docketed on the fourth page. Third and fourth pages also contain a list of the names of then ten officers who participated in the attack. On a folded folio sheet. Minor edge wear. Near fine.

A truly remarkable letter, giving Stephen Decatur’s own firsthand account of his sinking of the captured American ship Philadelphia in the harbor of Tripoli – one of the signature actions of the wars against the Barbary Pirates, and a legendary event in American naval history. The present letter, entirely in a secretarial hand, is Decatur’s retained copy, passed down in his family until now. The Philadelphia was originally commissioned in 1800 with Decatur’s father, Commodore Stephen Decatur, Sr., as its commander. A powerful thirty-six-gun frigate, it was sent to the Mediterranean in 1801, with orders to cruise the straits of Gibraltar and blockade the port of Tripoli. The ship returned to the United States in 1802, but sailed again for the Mediterranean the next year, with the same orders as before and with Captain in command. The entire expedition was under the command of Commodore Edward Preble, the officer to whom Decatur sent this account. Shortly after arriving in the Mediterranean in August 1803, the Philadelphia engaged and captured the Moroccan ship Mirkoba, which proved to be the captured American brig Celia, with its crew in chains below deck. On October 31, 1803 the Philadelphia ran aground on an uncharted reef in the harbor of Tripoli, and the ship was eventually surrendered to the Tripolitans. Bainbridge and his crew were taken ashore, held in chains, and made to work as slave labor. The Philadelphia was pulled into the harbor, its capture represent- ing America’s worst naval defeat since the Revolution. Bainbridge urged Preble to destroy the ship, and Preble put Decatur in charge of the amazingly difficult commando-like raid. Decatur’s letter was written on board the ketch “Intrepid,” which was actually the Tripolitan ship Mastico, captured by the U.S. Navy and renamed. Decatur used it as his base of operations for the attack on the Philadelphia. On the night of February 16th, 1804, Decatur and sixty-seven volunteers aboard the Intrepid entered the harbor and made fast to the Philadelphia’s . After desperate hand- to-hand combat, the raiders were able to lay a train of powder to the Philadelphia’s magazines, set them on fire, and escape before the ship exploded. Decatur’s gripping letter gives a firsthand account of the action, in the words of its heroic commander:

Sir, I have the honor to inform you, that in pursuance of your order of the 1st instant to proceed with this ketch off the Harbour of Tripoli, there to endeavour to effect the destruction of the U. State Frigate Philadelphia – I arrived there in company with the U.S. Brig Siren, Lieut. Commandant Stewart on the 7th, but owing to the badness of the weather, was unable to effect anything until last evening when we had a light breeze from N.E. At 7 o’clock I entered the Harbour with the Intrepid (the Siren having gained her station without the Harbour, in a situation to support us in our Retreat) at 1/2 past 9, laid her along side the Philadelphia, boarded, and after a short contest carried her. I immediately fired her in the Store Rooms, Gun Room, Cock Sill & Birth deck, & remained on board until the Flames had issued from the Spar deck, Hatchways & Ports, and before I got from along side the fire had communicated to the Rigging & Tops. Previous to our boarding they had got the Tompkins out & hailed several times, but not a Gun was fired. The noise occasioned by boarding & contending for possession (altho’ no fire arms were used) gave a general alarm on shore, & on board their , which lay about a cable & a half ’s length from us, and many large boats filled with men lay round, but from whom we received no annoyance. They commenced a fire on us from all their Batteries on Shore, but with no other effect than one shot passing through our Top gallant sail. The frigate was moored within half gun shot of the Bashaw’s Castle, & their principal battery. Their two cruisers lay within two cables length on the starboard quarter, and their gun-boats, within half gun shot on the starboard bow. She had all her guns mounted & loaded, which as they became hot went off, & as she lay with her broad side to the town, I have no doubt but some damage has been done by them. Before I got out of the Harbour her cables had burnt off, & she drifted in under the Castle, where she was consumed. I can form no judgement as to the number of men that were on board of her, there were about twenty killed, a large boat full got off; & many leapt into the sea. We have made one prisoner, who I fear from the number of bad wounds he has received, will not recover, altho’ every assistance & comfort has been given him. I boarded with sixty men & officers, leaving a guard on board the ketch for her defence, & tis with the greatest pleasure I inform you I had not a man killed in this affair, & but one slightly wounded. Every support that could be given, I received from my officers, & as each of their conduct was highly meritorious, I beg leave to inclose [sic] you a list of their names; permit me also sir, to speak of the brave Fellows I have the honour to Command, whose cool- ness & Intrepidity was such as I trust will ever characterize the American Tars.

Decatur adds to the letter a list of the names of his ten officers. An outstanding American military letter, and a gripping account of a naval raid that took American forces to the shores of Tripoli. $50,000.

Prizes Seized By the British Navy in the Caribbean During the Napoleonic Wars

40. [British Navy]: [MANUSCRIPT LEDGER OF SHIPS TAKEN AS PRIZES BY THE BRITISH NAVY IN THE YEARS LEADING UP TO THE WAR OF 1812]. [Kingston, Jamaica. 1805-1810]. [13],[38]pp., bound dos-a-dos at either end of the ledger. Tall folio. Original reverse calf, stamped in blind, raised bands. Hinges cracked, boards loosening but held by cords. Very clean internally. Very good. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

One of the most contentious issues in the Atlantic maritime world in the early 19th century was that of the taking of ships as prizes of war. It was an especially bitter issue between the United States and Great Britain, and was one of the direct causes of the War of 1812. The present volume provides a wealth of information on British naval captures in the Caribbean. It is a record of the vessels detained by the British Navy’s “White Fleet,” under the command of Vice Admiral James Richard Dacres and based at the Jamaica Station. Kept by agents of the Kingston firms of William Griffiths & Company, and Griffiths and Brown, the volume gives meticulous records on the ships captured, their status, and the goods that were seized from them. Capturing ships as naval prizes was a lucrative business for the British Navy during the Napoleonic Wars. Vice Admiral Dacres, for example, greatly enriched himself during the four years (1805-1809) that he commanded the Jamaica Station. As the Admiral in command of the apprehending fleet he was entitled to one-eighth of the total value of a captured ship and its goods. The rest of the proceeds would be distributed among the captain or captains of the capturing ships, along with the officers and crews. William Griffiths, who has signed this ledger at least ten times, was the agent in charge of absorbing the captured goods and distributing the value to Dacres and his subordinates. The first thirteen pages of the volume contain a detailed “List of Vessels Pending under Appeal & Vessels whose Sales cannot be closed.” Hun- dreds of ships are listed by name, and the name of their master and their number on the Admiralty list are also provided. Most of the ships appear to be American or Spanish in origin. The name of the capturing vessel or vessels is also given, as are the names of those ships’ masters. The “date sentence” and “proceeds paid into court” are also meticulously recorded, with the value of the ships and their cargo often exceeding £5000 or £10,000. Lastly, a status report is given for each ship, showing whether the vessel or cargo had been condemned, and whether or not that judgement was being appealed (most of the cases listed were under appeal). Many of the ships listed are obviously of American origin (including the “George Washington” and the “Indiana”), making this a vitally important record of escalating tensions between the two nations. A final page in this section gives a “Statement of Curacoa [sic] captures distributable,” listing the names of several captured ships, as well as recording the proceeds and expenses incurred in Curacao. One line item records “93 Negroes sold at Curacoa & hire of others” with an entry of more than £11,000. The other end of the ledger contains thirty-eight manuscript pages giving details of Admiral Dacres’ accounts with William Griffiths & Company. It amounts to a close recording of the cargo seized from the prize ships, and is also a record of provisions sold to the British Navy at Jamaica Station from 1805 to 1810. All manner of goods captured and sold are listed, providing an extensive accounting of goods seized and sold in the Caribbean during these years. An important record of British prize-taking in the age of the Napoleonic Wars, and of the activities that would soon lead them into war with the United States. $9500.

41. [Coxe, Tench]: AN EXAMINATION OF THE CONDUCT OF GREAT BRITAIN, RESPECTING NEUTRALS. Philadelphia: Printed by B. Graves, 1807. 72pp. Dbd. Slight age toning. Small tear in lower inner margin of last printed leaf (no loss). A very good copy.

The first edition of Coxe’s study of Great Britain’s actions since 1791, especially regarding commerce and the of sailors in the tense period preceding the War of 1812. Coxe vigorously attacks England’s high-handed actions as a naval power. A second edition was printed in Boston the following year. Signed in print at the end of the text by “Juriscola,” Gaines attributes the pamphlet to Tench Coxe, as does Howes. Sabin assigns the work to Madison, while Shaw & Shoemaker includes entries for the work under both Coxe and Madison. HOWES C830 (Coxe). SHAW & SHOEMAKER 12364 (Coxe). GAINES 07-10 (Coxe). SHAW & SHOEMAKER 12972, 43708 (Madison). SABIN 43708 (Madison). $750.

An Original Design by Robert Fulton

42. Fulton, Robert: [ORIGINAL PEN, INK, AND WATERCOLOR DRAWING OF A DETONATOR AND MUZZLE FOR AN UN- DERWATER CANNON]. [New York. ca. 1807]. Pen and ink with water- color on paper. Sheet size: 20½ x 28 inches. Expertly repaired tear visible only upon close inspection. Very good. Matted and in a gold leaf frame. Provenance: Solomon Alofsen (1808-76, presented to); The New Jersey Historical Society (received in 1855, ink stamp on verso).

This drawing was probably executed shortly after Fulton’s return to America in 1806, and shows details of flintlock detonators for submarine bombs and underwater guns. Robert Fulton was something of a renaissance man: he studied painting under Benjamin West, launched the first successful paddle-steamer service in the world, designed and tested the first practical submarine, and significantly advanced the design of submarine torpedoes and torpedo boats. Born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Fulton moved to England in 1786 to study painting. His practical experiments with submarine torpedoes and torpedo boats began with his move to France in 1797 and culminated in the testing of the first practical submarine, The Nautilus, in 1800. In 1804 he moved back to Eng- land and continued his experiments with torpedoes in tandem with his overseeing the construction of a steam engine to power a boat that he had designed. In late 1806 he returned to the United States to supervise the construction of what was to become the North River Steamboat or Clermont. Whilst this was going on he continued with his experiments with torpedoes and submarines: his “torpedo” bombs were tested in New York Harbor, and he published a pamphlet, Torpedo War and Submarine Explosions, in 1810. With government support he continued his experiments, and with the outbreak of the War of 1812 he concentrated on his “submarine gun,” a precursor of modern torpedo techniques. This drawing is divided into two parts. The left side shows various sections and details of a flintlock mechanism designed to be watertight and used underwater. The right appears to show two alternative designs for a waterproof gun muzzle: one with a waterproof hatch lowered using a toothed cog; the second, a flap lowered using a lever system. The drawing was deaccessioned by the New Jersey Historical Society. It originally formed part of a large collection of Fulton’s drawings given to the Society in 1855 by the Dutch-born engineer, ethnologist, and historian, Solomon Alofsen (1808- 76). He came to the United States as secretary of the Dutch legation and settled in Jersey City. He subsequently married and worked in the railroad business (he was for a time secretary of the Illinois Central railroad). His leisure time was taken up with the study of history and ethnology, and he was prominent in a number of the learned societies of New York and vicinity. After forty years’ residence in the United States he returned to Holland, where he died in 1876. Cadwallader D. Colden, The Life of Robert Fulton (New York: Kirk & Mercein, 1817). H.W. Dickinson, Robert Fulton, Engineer and Artist: His Life and Works (London, 1913). John Morgan, Robert Fulton (New York, 1977). Cynthia Owen Philip, Robert Fulton, a Biography (New York, 1985). J. Franklin Reigart, Life of Fulton (Philadelphia, 1856). KIRKPATRICK SALE, THE FIRE OF HIS GENIUS: ROBERT FULTON AND THE AMERICAN DREAM (New York, 2001). PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 264 (ref ). $19,500.

43. [Courtenay, Thomas Peregrine]: OBSERVATIONS ON THE AMERICAN TREATY, IN ELEVEN LETTERS. London. 1808. [4],2, [2],75,[1]pp. Half title. Modern half vellum and marbled boards, black gilt morocco label. Internally clean. Very good.

As stated on the titlepage, reprinted from the Sun newspaper, where Courtenay used the pseudonym, “Decius.” A series of critical letters, castigating the British negotia- tors and President Thomas Jefferson over an aborted U.S.-British treaty. The treaty, negotiated by James Monroe and William Pinkney with the British Lords Holland and Auckland, was signed in 1806, and made public in 1807 but never ratified. It provided for a reduction in British commercial restrictions, but Jefferson rejected it because it lacked a formal ban on the British practice of impressing American sailors into duty. The tone of the letters is represented in such statements: “I am no advocate for war with America; I would turn indignantly from those who wish war for commercial purposes; but I would not go on dotingly heaping benefits upon a people who return our blessings with a curse....” The failure of Great Britain and the United States to agree on a number of con- tentious issues, especially impressment, would ultimately lead to the War of 1812. SABIN 17183. KRESS B5327. $400.

Enforcing the Jefferson Embargo

44. [Embargo Act]: IN SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES. APRIL 25th, 1808. ON MOTION, BY MR. CRAWFORD, RESOLVED, THAT THE SECRETARY OF THE SENATE CAUSE TO BE PRINTED, ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY COPIES OF THE ACT LAYING AN EMBARGO...[caption title, p.(1)]. LAWS RELA- TIVE TO THE EMBARGO...[caption title, p.(2)]. [Washington. 1808]. 19pp. Printed self-wrappers, stitched. Lower quarter of most leaves lightly soiled and dampstained, else very good.

Rare Senate draft printing of the 1807 Embargo Act and the subsequent acts of 1808 relating to it. After the passage of the first embargo act in December 1807, it was quickly discovered that the requirement for American trading vessels to post bonds guaranteeing they would not sail to foreign ports did not technically extend to coasting vessels and fishing and whaling boats. The act passed in January 1808 closed the loophole and further tightened restrictions for all American ship owners. By March, major protests and open flouting of the embargo laws along the New England coast and the Canadian border led to a third embargo act, completely prohibiting the export of any goods, by land or sea, and subjecting offenders to a $10,000 fine. Continued violations led to the “Enforcement Act” in April, which allowed authorities, among other powers, to seize cargoes without warrants and to detain ships “whenever in their opinions, the intention is violate or evade...the embargo, until the decision of the President of the United States be had thereupon.” The April act also infamously gave the President the power to use both the Army and the Navy to enforce the embargo, leading many of its last defenders finally to abandon its cause. The present pamphlet includes all four acts mentioned together with an act signed into law April 22 that allowed for the President to suspend the embargo in the event of peace or suspension of hostilities between the warring powers in Europe. Shaw & Shoemaker and OCLC together locate four copies, at the University of Connecticut, the Naval Academy, the New York Public Library, and the Library of Congress. SABIN 39434 (possibly the Sabin entry unclear). SHAW & SHOEMAKER 16400. $750.

45. Gilpin, William: MEMOIRS OF JOSIAS ROGERS, ESQ. COM- MANDER OF HIS MAJESTY’S SHIP QUEBEC. London. 1808. [4], 184pp. plus frontis. Contemporary calf, rebacked, leather label. Corners worn. Contemporary ownership inscription on front fly leaf. Some light foxing and soiling. Good.

Rogers had an extraordinary career in the American Revolution and afterwards in the Caribbean. As a young man he was on the American station in the Navy in 1775, and was shipwrecked on the Virginia coast the following year. He was taken prisoner and confined at Williamsburg and Richmond until the spring of 1777, when he escaped and rejoined the Royal Navy in the Chesapeake, where he successfully conducted privateering operations. He then commanded a sloop out of New York, was again taken prisoner in a fight with an American privateer, and was exchanged in late 1782. After continued service in the Navy, he commanded a frigate to the West Indies in 1793 and participated in various battles against the French, especially in Martinique and . He died of yellow fever at Grenada in 1795, after helping seize the island. Of great Revolutionary and West Indian interest. HOWES G191. SABIN 27467. $1000.

The British Briefly Buckle Under

46. [Chesapeake Affair]: ALBANY REGISTER EXTRAORDINARY, APRIL 24, 1809. GLORIOUS NEWS, BY THE STEAM-BOAT. THE UNITED STATES TRIUMPHANT! AND HAUGHTY BRIT- AIN ON HER MARROW BONES! Albany, N.Y. 1809. Broadside, 17¼ x 11 inches. Printed in two columns. Chipped in upper margin, costing the letters “tra” in “extraordinary.” Some wear around the edges. Two holes in the text, affecting fifteen letters but not the readability. Tanned. Good overall. Matted.

A very rare broadside, located in only one other copy, detailing negotiations between the United States and Great Britain to alleviate tensions between the two nations raised by the Chesapeake Affair and the Embargo Act of 1807. The Chesapeake Affair involved the British impressment of four sailors from an American ship, as well as an attack on the U.S.S. Chesapeake itself. In December 1808, British Foreign Minister George Canning authorized David Erskine to negotiate with the United States to repair relations strained by the British “Orders in Council” outlawing all trade between neutrals and Napoleonic France; Britain’s practice of impressing American sailors into service; and Thomas Jefferson’s Embargo Act prohibiting American trade with the outside world. The Embargo Act ended on March 4, 1809 (the day James Madison was inaugurated as president), and Robert Smith became the new Secretary of State two days later. Erskine and Smith began meeting in early April 1809, and the present broadside prints the text of six let- ters exchanged between the two men between April 17th and 19th. In the letters Erskine promises Smith that King George III is prepared to make reparations for the Chesapeake Affair and to withdraw the Orders in Council, should the United States resume trade with Great Britain. Smith and President Madison respond favorably to the news. Erskine then writes that the British will revoke the Orders in Council by June 10th and will send an envoy to conclude a formal treaty with the United States, and Smith replies that the United States is prepared to resume trade with Great Britain. The news was hailed as a great victory of American diplomacy, as is evinced by this celebratory broadside that reflects the relief that must have been felt by northern merchants. Had the Erskine-Smith agreement held, it would have revolutionized U.S.- British relations and may have averted the events that led to the War of 1812. Unfortunately, Foreign Minister Canning disavowed the Erskine agreements, the United States resumed its prohibition against trade with England, and the breach between the two nations widened. OCLC locates only one copy of this broadside, at the New-York Historical Society. Rare. OCLC 58784222. $2500.

The Famous Submarine Warfare Book

47. Fulton, Robert: TORPEDO WAR, AND SUBMARINE EXPLO- SIONS. New York: Printed by William Elliot, 1810. 57,[3]pp. plus five plates. Oblong quarto. Original printed wrappers, bound by a pebbled cloth backstrip. Wrappers torn and stained, foredge of front wrapper mended. Most leaves with some edge wear, final ten leaves with a small semi-circular tear in lower edge, not affecting text. Old vertical crease, light tanning, occasional offsetting. Overall, still a very good copy, in original condition. In a cloth chemise and slipcase, spine gilt.

The rare first edition of Fulton’s famous treatise on torpedo warfare, probably the most important early work devoted to this novel naval technology. Herein Fulton describes his system of submarine explosives which he had demonstrated to Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and other leaders from the House and Senate, at the home of his friend, . The plates depict the brig, Dorothea, “as she was blown up on the 15th of Oct. 1805,” a submerged torpedo mine, and other illustra- tions showing how the torpedo is carried aboard a vessel, how a harpoon is used in torpedo explosives, etc. One of the chapters is about “the Imaginary Inhumanity of Torpedo War.” Fulton was a skilled artist, inventor, and civil engineer. A na- tive of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, he spent twenty years abroad in England developing his talents and inventions. His chief work was in the design of canal systems, so important to commercial activity in 19th-century America, and in the development of steamboats. An important work of American military technology. RINK 2195. HOWES F417, “b.” SABIN 26199. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 20177. DAB VII, pp.68- 71. PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 264. $12,500.

American Impressment of British Sailors, 1811

48. Harrington, John, [et al]: PRESUMING THAT NO QUESTION WILL BE MADE AS TO THE TRUTH OF THE FACTS STAT- ED IN THE FOLLOWING INTERESTING AFFIDAVIT, IT IS REPRINTED, IN ORDER THAT THE PUBLIC MAY SEE WHAT GAME HAS BEEN GOING ON IN AMERICA FOR THE PURPOSE OF CRIMPING SAILORS OUT OF THE BRITISH NAVY...[caption title]. London. [1811]. Broadside, 25 x 19 inches. Old fold lines. Faint offsetting, else fine.

Large broadside printing of an affidavit given by five British sailors, attesting to their being impressed into service on American merchant ships while in . The deposition states that John Harrington, James Young, Joseph Armstrong, John Quinny, and George Adamson are British sailors who shipped on the Brig Rachel from Sunderland on a voyage to New York. Once arrived in New York, they were shanghaied by a gentleman named David Reed, who got them outrageously drunk and then forced them aboard a ship in the North River, whereupon Reed was paid $40 apiece for each man. The statement is sworn before Charles Christian, Special Justice of the Peace for New York City, Dec. 18, 1810. Only three copies recorded in OCLC, at New-York Historical Society, Harvard University, and the Detroit Public Library. Scarce and interesting, highlighting events which doubtless added fuel to the tensions that became the War of 1812. $1250.

List of Ships Captured by European Powers

49. [War of 1812]: MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT...TRANS- MITTING A REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE, WITH A LIST OF CAPTURES MADE BY THE BELLIGERENTS OF EUROPE, DURING THE PRESENT EUROPEAN WAR. JULY 6, 1812. ORDERED TO LIE ON THE TABLE. Washington: A. & G. Way, Printers, 1812. 8pp. plus tables on thirty-eight folding leaves (printed on rectos only), numbered 3-40. Small folio. Dbd. Very minor foxing, else near fine, untrimmed.

A massive document, this is the official printing of Secretary of State James Mon- roe’s report on the captures of American vessels by the belligerent European powers in the decade leading up to the War of 1812, with well over 1000 vessels listed on numerous large folding tables. The tables record the names and types of vessels captured, their masters, routes, and cargos, and additional information relating to their captures and ultimate fates. Shaw & Shoemaker and OCLC together locate five copies, at the American Antiquarian Society, Buffalo and Erie County Public Library, Harvard Law School, New Hampshire Historical Society, and the Library of Congress. A rare document and exhaustive resource detailing the attacks on American commerce that helped lead the nation to its “second war of independence” in 1812. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 27231. $900.

The Vice President Braces for the Attack on Washington

50. Gerry, Elbridge: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM EL- BRIDGE GERRY TO COLONEL AUSTIN, DISCUSSING THE IMMINENT ATTACK ON WASHINGTON DURING THE WAR OF 1812]. Washington. March 19, 1813. 3pp. Quarto, on a folded folio sheet. Silked on one side. In a half morocco box.

A fascinating letter written by Vice President Elbridge Gerry to his son-in-law, Col. James T. Austin, in which he discusses the looming threat of British attack upon the capital during the War of 1812. In March 1813 the British navy blockaded – an ideal target, with access to the nation’s capital and points all along the eastern seaboard. Gerry tells Austin that an express has been received from Warburton “with information that the enemy’s force below was increasing.” He recounts the details of the communiqué:

The express stated, that after he left General Armstrong...he heard about 300 cannon down the river. Whether the object of the enemy is to water, or to alarm, or to land & commit depredations according to circumstances, or to attack this place, must be determined by events. General Van Ness the com- manding officer of the District militia has returned, as I am informed, for the purpose of fortifying the river nearer to the navy yard. The city appears to be alarmed, but if I had property here I would not give 1 pr. ct. to insure it.

He continues, writing that it will be improper for him and his son to flee the city under the current conditions, “lest it may be construed into apprehensions of danger if we should depart before Congress adjourns.” In the postscript he notes that the defense of the City was discussed in a closed-door session of the Senate, providing his correspondent with some Senate humor:

Genl. Varnum stated, that in case of an attack, he would aid in defence, if even as a private. Mr. Dana of Connecticut, a humourist, in answer said, he was also ready, but expected to serve under his proper officer, the President. After the Senate rose, I informed Mr. Dana that I would accept with pleasure the command; & would be careful to place my corps on a most honourable ground. They should not be a corps de reserve.

In response to the British blockade, the Americans built a flotilla to defend the Bay; despite the bold statements about defense and honor, however, the defense of Washington was a complete failure. In retaliation for the burning of York (To- ronto) by the Americans in April 1813, the British burned Washington in August 1814. The American flotilla was powerless to stop the British marching through the capital, burning as they went, before moving on to attack Baltimore. Elbridge Gerry served in the Continental Congress and was a signer of the Declaration of Independence. He was an early and vigorous advocate of American Independence, and played a crucial role in the formation of the new United States government, insisting on a bill of rights being added to the new constitution. “Gerry warned that the Constitution would not be ratified without a bill of rights, and he proved to be right. Massachusetts accepted the document, but only with the strong recommendation that a bill of rights be added. Several other states followed suit, and the Constitution was ratified but only with these provisos. Gerry staunchly supported the new government, helped to frame the Bill of Rights, and served as congressman from 1789 to 1793” – ANB. His name is perhaps most remembered, however ignominiously, in connection with the term “gerrymandering.” In his second term as governor of Massachusetts, Gerry redrew district lines to consolidate his party’s control in the state senate. “The shape of one electoral district on the map resembled a salamander, and one wit promptly dubbed it a ‘Gerrymander.’ Hence, the term used today when redistricting results in a concentration of the strength of one political party and a weakening of its opponent’s strength” – ANB. Though this was not necessarily a new practice, the name stuck. Gerry ran on the ticket with President Madison in 1812, for Madison’s second term as president, and died in office in November 1814, mere months after the capital was burnt to the ground. $7500.

Fatherly Advice from Elbridge Gerry to His Son at the Naval Academy

51. Gerry, Elbridge: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM ELBRIDGE GERRY TO HIS SON JAMES, DISPENSING FA- THERLY WISDOM ON THE IMPORTANCE OF UPRIGHT CONDUCT AND GOOD CONNECTIONS]. Washington, D.C. July 22, 1813. 7pp. Quarto. Old folds. Lightly soiled. Very good. In a folio-sized red half morocco and cloth clamshell case, spine gilt.

A fond and lengthy letter written by Elbridge Gerry to his youngest son, James T. Gerry, expressing his beliefs on the subject of how a young man should comport himself through society – by always endeavoring to be frank and upright, and to avoid as much as possible making enemies. He writes to James at school; James T. Gerry would be commissioned a in the U.S. Navy in 1815 and would be lost at sea with the U.S.S. Albany in 1854. The letter reads, in part:

I applaud you for perceiving as a primary object, your academic duties; for this would under any circumstances be indispensable, & is rendered more so by the party spirit which pervades all societies & institutions at this crisis. Our deluded fellow citizen, not in the secrets of the enemy, will not be convinced that he is the cause of our divisions. They listen to his agents, in preference to their own government & friends....Improve my dear child the opportunity you enjoy to acquire knowledge; for you never can so effectually promote the happiness of yourself or your friends as by enriching your mind by science. This, engrafted in morality, religion, civility & refined manners, will ensure you success in your professional pursuits, in any country & under any state of it. These qualities will attach to you by the ties of friendship, both ladies & gentlemen of the first rank & consideration and their families & connexions....

Elbridge Gerry served in the Continental Congress and was a signer of the Dec- laration of Independence. He was an early and vigorous advocate of American Independence, and played a crucial role in the formation of the new United States government, insisting on a bill of rights being added to the new constitution. Per- haps the “one such act” Gerry was thinking of in his own life was the one for which he is most remembered: the redrawing of legislative district lines during his second term as governor of Massachusetts, resulting in the term “gerrymander.” Though this was not necessarily a new practice, the name stuck. Gerry ran on the ticket with President Madison in 1812, for Madison’s second term as president, and died in office in November 1814. $3250.

A Dramatic Battlefield Letter from the Battle of Sackets Harbor, a Key Action in the War of 1812

52. [War of 1812]: Brown, Jacob, Gen.: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, WRITTEN TO JOSHUA HATHEWAY AT ROME, NEW YORK BY GENERAL JACOB BROWN, DESCRIBING THE ATTACK ON SACKETS HARBOR]. Sackets Harbor, N.Y. May 29, 1813. [1]p., docketed on verso. Folio. Old fold lines. Some separation at folds; one tear closed with archival tape. Lightly soiled. Good.

An eyewitness account of the second battle of Sackets Harbor, on the shores of Lake Ontario, written by the commander of the American forces there, Gen. Jacob Brown, to his friend Joshua Hatheway, quartermaster general and formerly the commander of the defenses at Sackets Harbor. The town, situated near the entrance to the St. Lawrence River at the far eastern end of Lake Ontario and opposite the Canadian town of Kingston, was a vital defensive point for the Americans, challenging Brit- ish control of the St. Lawrence and the lake, and preventing a British thrust into New York State. If either side could control both sides of the entrance to the St. Lawrence, they could control the Upper Great Lakes. Taking advantage of the American action against York, which drew troops away to the western end of the Lake, the British decided to strike. On May 28, 1813 the British Great Lakes squadron under the command of James Yeo appeared off Sackets Harbor, carrying troops under the command of the Governor-General, Lieut. General George Prevost. Having been forewarned by several men who escaped the Battle of Henderson Bay the previous day, the Americans had some time to reinforce their defenses before the British could attack. The British landed on the 28th, but launched their main attack the next morning. They easily routed the American militia, but the regulars under Brown were able to fight off repeated attacks on their . Prevost, fearing the arrival of more American troops, ordered a retreat which nearly became a rout. Brown was the hero of the day and was later rewarded with a commission as brigadier general. He must have imme- diately written this letter describing the action:

Dr. Sir, I received an order some days since from Genl Dearborn to take comm. at this Post. Comd. Chauncey is up the lake. We were this morning attacked as day dawned by Sir George Prevost in person who made good his landing with at least a thousand picked men. Sir James Yeo commanded the fleet after loosing some distinguished officers and of course some gallant men. Our loss is very severe as to the quality of those who have fallen. The enemy left many of their wounded on the Field – but I have no doubt carried off many more. We shall probably be again attacked as Sir George must feel very sore. All I can say is, whatever may be the result we will not be disgraced.

A superb battlefield letter reporting on one of the most significant military actions of the War of 1812. $4750.

The Holding Pen for American Naval Prisoners

53. [Dartmoor Prison]: [War of 1812]: VIEW OF DARTMOOR PRIS- ON. FROM A DRAWING TAKEN ON THE SPOT BY J.I. TAY- LOR, ONE OF THE PRISONERS [caption title]. [Np. probably 1814]. Broadside, 18¼ x 22¼ inches (plate size: 16¾ x 19¾ inches). Copper engrav- ing. Very good.

Broadside diagram and view of Dartmoor prison and the surrounding area, as depicted by one of its prisoners of war. During the War of 1812, Great Britain confined thousands of American naval prisoners at Dartmoor Prison, a sprawling penitentiary complex erected between 1806 and 1809, originally to house prisoners of the Napoleonic Wars. In April 1815, months after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent, Dartmoor was still holding over 5,500 Americans. On April 6, indignant over their continued confinement and angered after being issued damaged hardtack in place of bread, the American prisoners staged a loud demonstration, and the commandant called in the Somerset militia to control the crowd. The troops opened fire on the prisoners, killing seven and wounding sixty. Public outcry was met by a joint British-American investigation, which absolved the commandant (despite rumors of drunkenness) but held the soldiers responsible for the deaths. The pris- oners were released soon after the event, and the British government provided for the families of the slain and issued pensions to the injured. This broadside includes a lettered key for the different structures of and around the prison, and a figure representing the “dress provided by the Transport board.” The paper on which the illustration is printed suggests a later restrike. OCLC lists only one copy, at Harvard. Very rare. DAH II, p.110. OCLC 81801645 (one copy, at Harvard). Paul A. Gilje, Liberty on the Waterfront (2007), pp.187-91. $2750.

Wonderful Association Copy

54. [Hay, George]: A TREATISE ON EXPATRIATION. Washington: A. & G. Way, 1814. [2],90pp. Original plain paper wrappers. Scattered light foxing, some tanning. Presentation inscription on titlepage, contemporary ink manuscript notes in margins and underscoring in text (see below). A very good copy.

A remarkable copy, bringing together through association some of the leading Jeffersonian Republican and Federalist politicians of the day, most notable among them Secretary of State James Monroe. This copy is inscribed on the titlepage, “J.C. Smith’s, transmitted by the Secretary of State of the U. States,” with a fur- ther manuscript note on the titlepage ascribing authorship as “by a member of the Cabinet.” The present work was written by George Hay, a prominent Virginia jurist and United States attorney, and son-in-law to James Monroe. It was apparently revised to a degree before publication by Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe, and upon publication was distributed by Monroe as a statement of the American govern- ment’s position on the issue of expatriation and citizenship rights. The recipient of this copy, John Cotton Smith, was the Federalist governor of Connecticut, and an opponent of President Madison’s policies during the War of 1812. In several instances he has penned his objections to the pamphlet’s arguments in the margin. Hay’s work, assisted by the contributions of Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe, states the United States government’s position on questions of expatriation, natu- ralization, and citizenship rights. Hay surveys British and international law on the subject, and considers the history of naturalization questions back to classical times. The British based their impressment practices on the belief that natural- born British citizens could not renounce their citizenship, and so the British were only repatriating British citizens when they impressed them back into the service of the Royal Navy. The issue of impressment was one of the leading factors in the crises in U.S.-British relations that led to the War of 1812. Beyond the immedi- ate conflict at hand, the argument between America and England over the rights of native citizens to become naturalized citizens of another country was a sticking point in relations between the two countries, and would not be settled until the U.S.-British Naturalization Treaty of 1870. SABIN 30998. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 31670. MARVIN 376. COHEN 2321. $2000.

The Second Edition of “The Star Spangled Banner”

55. [Key, Francis Scott]: FORT McHENRY, OR, THE STAR SPAN- GLED BANNER, SUNG WITH GREAT APPLAUSE BY MR. HARDINGE, AT THE THEATRE BALTIMORE. AIR, ANA- CREON IN HEAVEN [caption title]. Philadelphia: Published by G.E. Blake, [1814]. [published with:] THE BATTLE OF THE WABASH. A PATRIOT SONG, WRITTEN BY JOSEPH HUTTON, TO THE FAVOURITE AIR OF ANACREON IN HEAVEN. [3]pp. Folio. Dbd. Tanned, dampstain in upper margin. Good. In a half morocco box.

The rare second edition of “The Star Spangled Banner,” the national anthem of the United States, in music form. Here, all four verses of Francis Scott Key’s immortal poem are printed on the third page. It is printed with a song originally published in 1811, “The Battle of the Wabash,” written to commemorate the Battle of Tippe- canoe. That song, as well as “The Star Spangled Banner,” were meant to be sung to the tune of “Anacreon in Heaven,” also known as the “Anacreontic Ode.” This, therefore, is the first appearance of Key’s lyrics, together with the music to which it was meant to be sung. As Dichter & Shapiro point out, this printing is also “the only appearance known of Francis Scott Key’s immortal song together with the words of the ‘Anacreontic Ode.’” The present printing follows only a Baltimore edition by Carrs Music Store, which is believed to have been issued before November 18, 1814, and possibly before October 19 (see Filby & Howard). Francis Scott Key, a Baltimore lawyer, spent the night of September 13-14, 1814, detained on a British ship in Baltimore harbor. That night, Key witnessed the British flotilla bombard Fort McHenry, an American stronghold in the harbor. From the outset of the battle a large American flag could be seen flying over the fort, but by the end the Stars and Stripes was nowhere to be seen. At dawn, the flag was seen once again, showing that Fort McHenry had not been taken by the British, and inspiring Key to write the lyrics that he initially called “Defence of Fort M’Henry.” Key meant for the lyrics to be sung to the tune of a popular song of the day, the “Anacreontic Ode,” also known as “To Anacreon in Heaven,” by British composer John Stafford Smith. Key’s lyrics first circulated as a handbill, and on September 20 were printed in a Baltimore newspaper. It soon became known as “The Star Spangled Banner,” and was performed by Hardinge’s theatre troupe in Baltimore on October 18, 1814. As is noted in the title, the song was “sung with great applause by Mr. Hardinge, at the Theatre Baltimore,” suggesting that this publication dates to late 1814. Both this Philadelphia printing of “The Star Spangled Banner” and the Baltimore printing that precedes it are very rare. Two copies of the Baltimore printing have appeared at auction since 1967: the Streeter copy, which brought $23,000 in that year, and a copy that sold at Christie’s in 2008 for $506,500. In that same time span, only one copy of this Philadelphia printing sold at auction, in 2002, when a copy at Christie’s brought $15,600. OCLC and Filby & Howard together locate a total of only eleven copies of this Philadelphia printing. A rare and early printing of “The Star Spangled Banner,” our national anthem, which stands second only to the flag as a symbol of the nation. DICHTER & SHAPIRO, p.36. FILBY &HOWARD, S8. LEVY & FULD, p.245. Muller, The Star Spangled Banner, pp.52-57. WOLF 8329A. BAL, p.247. OCLC 3823049. $29,000.

With Three Engraved Maps

56. Melish, John: MILITARY DOCUMENTS: CONSISTING OF A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEAT OF WAR IN THE NORTH- ERN SECTION OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA. A DESCRIPTION OF THE SOUTHERN SECTION OF THE UNITED STATES, FLORIDA, AND THE BAHAMA ISLANDS. OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS RELATIVE TO THE OPERATION OF THE BRITISH ARMY IN REDUCING THE CANADAS, 1759- 60. LIST OF THE MILITARY DISTRICTS OF THE UNITED STATES. REGISTER OF THE ARMY AND GENERAL STAFF. LIST OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY. ILLUSTRATED BY MAPS OF THE STRAITS OF NIAGARA, EAST END OF LAKE ONTARIO, AND MONTREAL. Philadelphia: Printed by G. Palmer, 1814. 34,18,29,44pp. plus three maps after Melish, engraved by John Val- lance (1) and H.S. Tanner (2). Contemporary roan backed marbled boards, old manuscript label on front cover. Very good. In a cloth chemise and half morocco and cloth slipcase, spine gilt. Provenance: James Muhlenberg Bailey (inscription dated August 1816); Carlos Adolphus Waite (1800-66, inscribed label on cover, signature and ink stamp).

A rare, cartographically-illustrated work by Melish: a separately-issued work to ac- company his War of 1812 maps and give “a general view of the principal places along the lines, on both sides...concluding with a general view of the British possessions.” This interesting and rare work by the American geographer relating to the War of 1812 consists of six sections: the first three described in the title above, the others being a list of the military districts of the United States, a register of the army and general staff, and a list of the ships and commanders of the United States Navy. Includes descriptions of Upper and Lower Canada, East and West Florida, , Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Montreal, etc. The three maps are “View of the Country round the Falls of Niagara,” “East End of Lake Ontario,” and “Plan of Montreal, with a map of the Islands & Adjoining Country.” In 1813, Melish first published his Map of the Seat of War in North America, with a new edition from a new plate appearing shortly thereafter. The success led to Melish separately publishing his Map of the Southern Section of the United States, as well as a map of the Straits of Detroit. In 1814, Melish packaged these three maps together, along with the three smaller maps found in the present work, and published his Military and Topographical Atlas. Apparently seeing a market for the work to those who had already purchased the three large maps separately (or to those who wished to purchase them separately), Melish in 1814 published the present work which encompassed his Atlas without the three large maps. This work is not well known. Sabin incorrectly attributes a date of 1817 to this book, basing his entry on a J.R. Smith catalogue, stating: “probably made up by J.R.S.” Ristow does not mention the present title, and incorrectly states that Melish was the engraver of the maps of Lake Ontario and Montreal (the present example with Tanner’s imprint). Shaw & Shoemaker and OCLC together locate a total of only three other extant copies (American Antiquarian Society, Univer- sity of Pittsburgh, Allegheny College). Not in the NUC, Howes, or the Servies bibliography of Florida. This copy bears the ownership signatures of two members of the on the front free endpaper. The earlier is that of James Muhlenberg Bailey, dated August 1816. Bailey is identified as a lieutenant (promoted in 1812) in the Army register at the rear of the text. The later signature (and ink stamp) is that of “C.A. Waite / U.S. Army.” Waite, a career soldier, was decorated for his service in the Mexican War. The paper label on the front board also bears Waite’s signature. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 32098. SABIN 47433. GRODZINSKI, WAR OF 1812, 147. OCLC 326505798, 21988228. RISTOW, chapter 12 (ref ). $8500.

57. Brown, Samuel R.: AN AUTHENTIC HISTORY OF THE SEC- OND WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE: COMPRISING DETAILS OF THE MILITARY AND NAVAL OPERATIONS, FROM THE COMMENCEMENT TO THE CLOSE OF THE RE- CENT WAR.... Auburn: Published by J.G. Hathaway, 1815. Two volumes. 228,94,[2]; 264,129,[3]pp. Contemporary calf, spines gilt, leather labels. Some wear to boards; spine on second volume worn, label lacking. Light scattered foxing. Still, a very good set in unsophisticated original condition. In a green half morocco and cloth slipcase, spine gilt.

Howes calls this the best edition of Brown’s history of the War of 1812, originally published in 1814 in Troy, New York as Views on Lake Erie, but expanded greatly into this two-volume edition. This edition also contains appendices reprinting per- tinent correspondence, the Treaty of Ghent, treaties with Indian tribes, and more. Brown’s history is a basic one for both the successes and failures of the American army in the Old Northwest during the war of 1812. He describes the campaigns of Hull and Harrison, military affairs in the Northwest, and the naval battles on Lake Erie. This scarce edition was published in the Syracuse suburb of Auburn, New York, but printed in the quaint village of Manlius. HOWES B866, “aa.” SABIN 8556. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 34233. $1500.

Attacking British Whalers in the War of 1812

58. Porter, David: JOURNAL OF A CRUISE MADE TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN...IN THE UNITED STATES FRIGATE ESSEX, IN THE YEARS 1812, 1813, AND 1814. CONTAINING DESCRIPTIONS OF THE ISLANDS, COASTS OF , PA- TAGONIA, CHILE, AND PERU, AND OF THE GALLAPAGOS ISLANDS.... Philadelphia: Bradford and Inskeep, 1815. Two volumes bound in one. vi,[2],263; [2],169pp. plus folding map (the map present here is that issued with the second edition) and thirteen plates (five pages and two plates in facsimile). Modern calf, spine gilt. Contemporary ownership inscription of Joshua Steward on titlepage and dedication leaf. Titlepage soiled and rein- forced. Occasional minor soiling and dampstaining, but overall text is clean and fresh. Map very clean. Two plates (frontispiece and portrait of Mouina) and five pages (257-259 and [261-262] in facsimile. A very good copy of a work difficult to find complete and in good condition.

The uncommon first edition of this important narrative which, according to Hill, “was suppressed and is a very rare book.” Porter, without authorization, took the Essex around the Cape, and was the only American commander to sail against the British in the Pacific Ocean during the War of 1812. He inflicted much damage on British shipping and whaling enterprises and showed the flag along the coast and in the islands, although the government never followed up on his annexation of Nuku Hiva, in the Marquesas. An 1822 edition provided some additional text. The map bound with this copy is the map of the Galapagos usually found with the second edition. The other illustrations include portraits of islanders, breadfruit, etc. This book is quite rare and when found is usually lacking some plates and the map. HOWES P484. HILL 1371. SABIN 64218. FORBES HAWAII 447. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 35674. $1250.

59. [British-American Trade]: 18 MARCH 1816. A BILL TO CARRY INTO EFFECT A CONVENTION OF COMMERCE, CON- CLUDED BETWEEN HIS MAJESTY AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA [caption title]. [London]: Ordered, by the House of Commons, to be Printed, March 18, 1816. 2pp. plus docket title printed on verso of second leaf. Folio. Early horizontal folds. Near fine, un- trimmed.

Official Parliamentary draft printing of a commercial agreement between the and the United States, passed just over a year after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent. The convention of commerce establishes that the same import and export duties be applied to goods carried by American and British ships in direct British-American commerce. Duties on and bounties for prize ships and goods are also put on the same terms. This version of the bill would have been printed while the question was being considered by Parliament. Not in Kress or TPL, and not listed on OCLC. $850.

60. [War of 1812]: GESCHICHTE DES AMERIKANISCHEN KRIEGS, VON 1812.... Reading, Pa.: Johann Ritter, 1817. vii,[1],273pp. plus six plates. Frontispiece. Contemporary calf, gilt maroon morocco label. Rubbed, joints and hinges cracked, head of spine chipped. Bookplate remnants on front pastedown. Good.

A German language history of the War of 1812. Although no authorship is at- tributed, this is, in fact, a translation of William McCarthy’s history of the war published in English in Philadelphia in 1816. Like the original McCarthy nar- rative, this edition has a frontispiece of Zebulon Pike, copied from that which is included in Pike’s Expeditions.... Also present are six plates of military and naval incidents of the war, including the folding plate of the Battle of not found in all copies. HOWES G148, M38. $750.

61. Delano, Amasa: A NARRATIVE OF VOYAGES AND TRAVELS, IN THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN HEMISPHERES: COM- PRISING THREE VOYAGES ROUND THE WORLD; TOGETH- ER WITH A VOYAGE OF SURVEY AND DISCOVERY IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN AND ORIENTAL ISLANDS. Boston: Printed by E.G. House, for the Author, 1817. 598,[1]pp. plus two engraved plates (in- cluding frontispiece portrait) and engraved folding map. Contemporary calf, spine gilt, leather label. Moderately foxed throughout. Contemporary owner- ship signature of Edmund Fanning on rear fly leaf. A near fine copy, with an excellent provenance, in original condition.

One of the major printed accounts of world voyages for its time, and the source book for Melville’s Benito Cerino. Delano recounts his travels between 1790 and 1810, encompassing visits to the , Hawaiian, and Galapagos islands; , Canton, and Macao; , , and the ; and Chile and Peru. Includes detailed accounts of whaling and seal hunting, observations of the inhabitants indigenous to Delano’s stopping points, etc. This copy bears the ownership inscription of Edmund Fanning, a native of Con- necticut who set sail in 1792 for the South Seas in search of seal skins. During the following twenty-five years he made voyages around the world and to the Pacific, visiting Australia, south Georgia, , , and the Marquesas. He discovered a number of islands, one of which still bears his name, and wrote several well-known books on his Pacific voyages. An excellent association. HOWES D233. SABIN 19349. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 40635. HILL 463. RICH, pp.92-93. FORBES HAWAII 463. NAYLOR 64. $1750.

With Plates Colored by Barton: “A Key Book”

62. Barton, William P.C.: VEGETABLE MATERIA MEDICA OF THE UNITED STATES; OR MEDICAL BOTANY: CONTAINING A BOTANICAL, GENERAL, AND MEDICAL HISTORY, OF ME- DICINAL PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO THE UNITED STATES. Philadelphia: Mathew Carey, 1817-1818. Two volumes. 273pp. plus errata leaf; xvi,[9]-243pp. plus fifty handcolored engraved plates by Barton. Half title in each volume. Quarto. Original three-quarter red morocco and marbled boards, spines gilt, neatly rebacked with original backstrips laid down. Scattered light foxing and tanning. Very good.

William P.C. Barton was the most important American botanist of his day, although a surgeon in the United States Navy throughout his career. He describes his plan for the present work in his “preliminary observations” (Vol. I, p.xiv):

The author of the following pages has undertaken the task of drawing and de- scribing all the important plants of a medicinal character, native to the United States, which are known; and also of figuring and describing many never before noticed for medical properties. In all the drawings...the greatest accuracy will be studied; and with a view to render the work as correct as possible, the author encounters the laborious task of colouring all the plates with his own hand. Since faithful colouring is nearly as important in a work of this nature, as correct drawings, he trusts that the usefulness of the undertaking will be enhanced by this part of his labour. In the history of the plants nothing will be omitted, which can render the work interesting. The nephew of Benjamin Smith Barton, he was appointed naval surgeon in 1809 and remained on the Navy’s list throughout his life (he was buried with full military honors in Philadelphia in 1856). “In 1815 Barton was chosen professor of botany at the University of Pennsylvania, charming many with his light-hearted herborizing trips along the Schuykill [sic] and by his lectures which were, contrary to the book- ish times, demonstrated in his well-stocked conservatory” – DAB. His botanical publications, which appeared over a relatively short span of nine years, began with his Flora Philadelphicae Prodromus (1815) and culminated with the present work and his A Flora of North America... (1820-24). His books are classics of American botany and of early color from the heyday of the Philadelphia scientific world of the early 19th century. “A key book – obviously” – Bennett. The handsome plates in the present work, which were also issued uncolored and are here colored by the author, illustrate medicinal plants – one of the stron- ger themes in early American color plate books. An important and quite scarce American botanical work. The subscribers’ list in the second volume contains 216 names of subscribers for a total of 434 copies. An important American flora medica. McGRATH, p.12. BM NATURAL HISTORY I, p.105. DUNTHORNE, FLOWER & FRUIT PRINTS 25. BENNETT, p.9. TAXONOMIC LITERATURE 324. PRITZEL 444. NISSEN (BBI) 85. SABIN 3863. MEISEL III:377. AUSTIN 149. GREAT FLOWER BOOKS 48. MacPHAIL, BENJAMIN SMITH BARTON AND WILLIAM PAUL CRILLON BARTON 15. $6750.

63. James, William: A FULL AND CORRECT ACCOUNT OF THE MILITARY OCCURRENCES OF THE LATE WAR BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.... London. 1818. Two volumes. Vol. 1: xxxii,476pp. plus two folding maps. Vol. 2: 582pp. plus two plates (one folding) which are uncalled for, possibly from James’ naval history (depict cross-sections of ships), and lacking the two fold- ing maps. Contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards. Split starting at each spine, edgeworn, else very good.

First edition of James’ account of the War of 1812, from the military viewpoint, following his related work stressing the naval aspects of the conflict. The text is highlighted by the well executed “Map of the Straits of Niagara from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario” and an excellent “Plan of the Operations of the British & American Forces” in the . Lacking from this set are “Part of Lake On- tario and of the River Lawrence” and “Map of General Ross’s route, with the British Column, from Benedict, on the Patuxent River, to the City of Washington, 1814.” “One of the best books for the military events of the war of 1812” – Henry Stevens. SABIN 35718. HOWES J52. $850.

Building a Lighthouse for New Orleans at the Mouth of the Mississippi

64. [New Orleans]: [Lighthouses]: Beal, Benjamin: AN ACCOUNT OF THE TIME BUILDING THE LIGHTHOUSE ON FRANK IS- LAND, NEW ORLEANS [manuscript caption title]. New Orleans. 1818-1823. 38pp. Folio. Contemporary three-quarter calf and blue boards. Extremities worn, hinges worn but sound. Contemporary annotations on front pastedown and fly leaf. Very minor soiling. Very good.

A ledger kept by contractor Benjamin Beal while working on the Frank’s Island Lighthouse near New Orleans, at the mouth of the Mississippi, recording the names of the workers and their time spent building the lighthouse. When President Jef- ferson acquired Louisiana Territory, he envisioned a monumental lighthouse at the mouth of the , commemorating the achievement and lighting the way safely into the port of New Orleans. Designed by Benjamin Henry Latrobe, the lighthouse was to be a truly magnificent building. It was difficult, however, to find an architect willing to take on the difficult job of erecting such a structure in the soft muck of the Mississippi Delta. Construction finally began in 1818, under the direction of Winslow Lewis. Lewis made Congress agree to pay him in full, even if the foundation failed; and fail it did, in March 1820, weeks from comple- tion. The ledger reflects this: several men were discharged in March, and those who worked on into April only worked until the 20th. Lewis agreed to build a second lighthouse on Frank’s Island, for a significantly lower cost, the stability of which he would guarantee. Construction began in November 1822, noted in the ledger as “Account of time rebuilding lighthouse on Franks Island.” With the men working only with breaks for the Sabbath (they even worked on Christmas), the second lighthouse was completed in April 1823, operating until 1856. $2250.

The Story of a Barbary Slave

65. [Cathcart, James Leander]: CLAIM OF JAMES LEANDER CATH- CART. [Washington. 1820]. 54pp. Printed self-wrappers, stitching absent. Contemporary ink ownership inscription of the “Honble. Mark Richards” on titlepage. Toned and lightly foxed, else very good.

A rare and remarkable pamphlet printing the compensatory claims of James Leander Cathcart relating to his captivity in Algiers (1785-96) and his subsequent diplomatic services for the U.S. in its negotiations with the Barbary states (1796-1807), with substantial related correspondence. James Leander Cathcart (1767-1843) began his adventures early, immigrating to America from Ireland as a child and at the age of twelve joining the crew of an American privateer in the Revolutionary War. Captured by the British, Cathcart was held for three years on prison ships in Wal- labout Bay before escaping and joining the merchant service. In 1785, Barbary pirates captured the schooner Maria, on which Cathcart was sailing, and took him and twenty others as slaves to Algiers, where Cathcart spent the next eleven years in bondage. During his captivity, however, Cathcart’s good fortune, cleverness, and facility for language (he had learned Spanish and French from fellow prisoners in Wallabout Bay and quickly picked up Arabic and Turkish in Algiers) eventually brought him into relatively comfortable circumstances and positions of responsibility, including that of chief Christian secretary to the Dey and Regency of Algiers in 1792. In that capacity, Cathcart helped the United States envoy Joseph Donaldson negotiate with the Dey for peace and release of the American prisoners, which was finally secured in 1795. In 1796, on a ship he purchased with earnings from his various clerkships, Cathcart sailed to Philadelphia with the rest of the surviving crew of the Maria, dispatches of U.S. consul Joel Barlow, and a letter from the Dey to President Washington. The following year, Cathcart was appointed consul at Tripoli, and in 1798 he was named special diplomatic agent to Tunis, where he traveled with William Eaton to negotiate with the new Pasha. The DAB notes that it was at Cathcart’s suggestion that Eaton espoused the cause of the exiled Pasha during the , leading to Eaton’s famous adventure from Tripoli to Tunis. Cathcart continued to receive consular appointments to the different Barbary states, but having incurred the ire of their various rulers, he was no longer received by them and was reassigned to Madeira in 1807 and Cadiz in 1815. From 1818 to 1820, Cathcart served as naval agent for the protection of live oak timber in Florida, and his final years were spent working for the U.S. Treasury in Washington. The present pamphlet contains Cathcart’s 1820 petition to the U.S. for com- pensation he had never received for his diplomatic services during and since his captivity in Algiers, printed with tables and letters dating from 1795 to 1820. The various writings together create a detailed and fascinating account of Cathcart’s captivity and later diplomatic career. A rare volume, with OCLC locating only two copies, at the Boston Athenaeum and the New Hampshire Historical Society. Not listed in Sabin or American Imprints. This copy was owned by Mark Richards (1760-1844), who served as U.S. Representative from Vermont from 1817 to 1821, and bears his signature. OCLC 57257557, 63517421. DAB III, pp.572-73. “Mark Richards,” Biographical Dictionary of the , http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000217. $1750.

A Remarkable Archive of the U.S. During the Mexican War

66. [Shubrick, William Branford]: [ARCHIVE OF THE PRIVATE PA- PERS OF REAR ADMIRAL WILLIAM BRANFORD SHUBRICK, PRIMARILY PERTAINING TO THE MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR AND HIS TOUR AS COMMANDER OF THE PACIFIC SQUADRON]. [Various places, mostly in the Pacific Ocean. 1820-1864]. About thirty-five items, totaling approximately 300pp. Described in further detail below. Overall, very good. In a half morocco clamshell case, cloth che- mises.

An extensive archive of personal papers belonging to Admiral William Branford Shubrick (1790-1874), with significant content on his service in the Mexican- American War and his command of the Pacific Squadron off the coast of Cali- fornia. Shubrick’s naval career spanned six decades – he first entered the navy in 1806 and retired in 1861 – and saw action in both the War of 1812 and the Mexican-American War, the service for which he is best known. During the war with Mexico, Shubrick initially sailed to Monterey, , and later blockaded and captured the Mexican city of Mazatlan, as well as the towns of Guyamas and San Jose. Following the war Shubrick held several positions on shore, including president of the Board of Naval Examiners, commander of the Philadelphia Naval

Yard, inspector of ordnance, and a member of the lighthouse board. In 1858 he led an expedition to to seek recompense for an attack on a U.S. survey ship. At the outbreak of the he remained loyal to the Union, despite his South Carolinian and Confederate efforts to sway him to their cause. Although he retired from active duty in 1861, he continued to serve on the Lighthouse Board until his death ten years later. This collection of material contains letters from Shubrick’s wife and daughter, some of his personal papers during his command of the Pacific Squadron during the Mexican-American War, several manuscript maps, and numerous other letters, documents, and printed items (detailed below).

1) Private Memoranda in Relation to the Command of the Pacific Squadron [manuscript caption title]. 1846-1848. 53pp. Folio. Contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards. Quite clean, with minor soiling. Near fine. Ledger kept by Shubrick de- tailing his time with the Pacific Squadron off the coast of California. Beginning with receipt of his orders in June 1846 and departure for the Pacific at the end of August, Shubrick logs the details of the voyage from Boston to California, with a list of ship’s officers, finally arriving at Monterey in January 1847. He provides an account of the political situation as he finds it in California, writ- ing: “I found at Monterey a mixed civil & military government....The accounts of the operations at Los Angeles have been so contradictory that I can form no [complete?] opinion of the state of affairs at that place, but as there is reason to expect that both General Kearny and Commodore Stockton will be soon at this place I have determined to remain here for the present to get matters quiet in Monterey and then go to San Francisco or south as circumstances may require.” Shubrick touches on the conflict between Kearny and Fremont over the appoint- ment to the governorship of California: “On the 9th [of February] the sloop of war Cyane, Commander DuPont, arrived from San Diego General Kearny came passenger in her and was received on board the Independence with a salute of 13 guns....On the 23d passed midshipman Louis McLane arrived under orders as a Major of Artillery from Lt. Col. Fremont calling himself Governor of California!!! Attached Mr. McLane to the Independence.” Also with physical descriptions of places like San Francisco Bay and Yerba Buena. The entry for Nov. 11, 1847 contains a lengthy account of the capitulation and surrender of Mazatlan, fol- lowed by entries regarding his administrative duties there. 2) [Private Letter Book, Containing Copies of Letters to the American Minister in Chile]. 1848-1849. Ten letters, [23]pp. Folio. Gathered sheets stitched with ribbon. Minor soiling. Very good. Retained copies of Shubrick’s private correspondence, pri- marily with Seth Barton, the American Minister to Chile at Valparaiso. These letters show Shubrick’s deteriorating relationship with Barton, a controversial and unpopular public figure, who wished Shubrick to put on a display of naval force in order to assist with commercial negotiations. At the time, Chile was giving Spain far more favorable trade terms than the U.S., and Barton hoped to cow them into giving the U.S. more favorable importation rights. Out of a sense of friendship, Shubrick continued to keep the Independence in the Pacific, against his orders and common sense, despite sharp words and misunderstandings between the two men. The final straw came when Barton was insulted by the Archbishop of Chile, and Shubrick wrote him a frank personal letter indicating that though he was insulted, he would really be better off to leave the country and mitigate controversy, rather than stay and cause an international crisis. In his final letter, Shubrick acknowledges Barton’s request that their correspondence be destroyed and informs Barton that “The enmity of no man, however much I may desire his friendship, has terrors for me. I shall continue to do my duty unmoved by threats, though always ready to go half way in conciliatory measures.” Barton was removed as Minister to Chile shortly thereafter, having served from January 1848 to May 1849. Of other interest in these letters are a mention of the , and the election of Zachary Taylor to the presidency. 3) [Fifteen Letters from Shubrick’s Wife, Written to Him in the Pacific]. 1847-1853. Fifteen letters, [60]pp. Quarto, on folded folio sheets. Minor soiling. Very good. Affectionate and chatty letters sent from Shubrick’s wife, Harriet, conveying news of friends at home, but also mentioning some events and people of inter- est. In a letter of May 25, 1847 she writes: “I see [from the newspapers] that Kit Carson the Oregon , proposes to take dispatches to Monterey on the Pacific, by way of Fort Independence, in sixty days – I should feel greatly inclined to accompany him, had I not the joyful prospect constantly in view of your speedy return.” In her June 11 letter, sent with the letter of May 25th, she writes, “I received a long, amusing & most affectionate letter from our friend Mr. Cooper” inviting her to come for a visit with him and his family. This is , whom Shubrick befriended while both men were stationed on board the U.S.S. Wasp in 1809-10. This letter indicates that they were quite close. Harriet encourages her husband to return as soon as he possibly can, even if that means leaving his ship behind to travel across the Isthmus of , in order to shorten the journey. Despite his wife’s keen desire to have him back at her side, Shubrick would not return from his duties in the Pacific until the close of the war, in late 1848. Her letter of Feb. 26, 1848 relays local news from Washington, including a mention of the impending peace with Mexico. 4) [Ten Letters from Shubrick’s Daughter, Written to Him During His Service in the Pa- cific]. 1847-1848. Ten letters, [40]pp. Quarto, on folded folio sheets. Minor soiling, very good. Ten letters written by Mary Shubrick Clymer to her father during his tour in the Pacific. Mary’s letters, full of fondness and affection, contain family news, relations of shared faith with her father, and bits of navy gossip acquired through acquaintances in Washington. She also mentions Shubrick’s visit to the Sandwich Islands. 5) [Two Manuscripts of Religious Meditations Written by Shubrick During His Time in the Pacific]. 1846-1847. 23,31pp. Quarto. Gathered folded folio sheets, stitched with ribbon. Minor soiling. Very good. Two manuscripts illuminating Shubrick’s spiritual life, written during his time in the Pacific. He meditates on the state of his soul, belief, prayer, and mortality. Interspersed with his holy reflections are songs and psalms, various quotes, and autobiographical details. For instance, Shubrick records on August 25 that he was thrown from his horse, which in- spires a meditation on mortality. He likewise reflects on the great distance he has traveled from home, all the while under God’s protection. He makes a brief excursion to Sonoma on August 30th, “not on pleasure, but because I think it my duty to see something of the country about which I shall be questioned if I am blessed by a return to my dear home.”

6) [Two Manuscript Maps of California’s Coast]. [Np. nd]. [2]pp. Lightly soiled. About very good. The first map is a tracing of a survey by Beechey, entitled “Entrance of San Francisco Harbour,”’ complete with soundings and coastal topography. The second sheet is an outline of the coastal area around San Diego, with soundings near the harbor entrance and some minimal topographical information. These were likely produced while Shubrick was in the Pacific. 7) [Documents Outlining Shubrick’s Naval Service]. 1820, 1841. Four documents. The first is Shubrick’s commission as a Master Commandant, dated 1820, while the other three testify to his service as of 1841. 8) [Letter from George Clymer, Jr. to Shubrick, Ranting Against the Mexican-American War]. Washington. Oct. 19, 1847. 8pp. Quarto, on folded folio sheets. Near fine. Lengthy letter written by George Clymer, Jr., Shubrick’s son-in-law and naval surgeon, bitterly ranting against the Mexican-American War. With a three-page letter dated Jan. 20, 1848, discussing Shubrick’s anticipated victory at Mazatlan and arrival home. 9) [Documents Relating to a Sword Given to Shubrick by the State of South Carolina]. 1845. Includes a manuscript description, an engraved illustration of the sword, and a letter from Robert Pinckney, South Carolina Secretary of State, discussing the presentation. 10) Commodore Shubrick. Speech of Hon. A.P. Butler, of South Carolina, Delivered in the Senate, March 18, 1856. Washington. 1856. 8pp. Lightly creased, minor soiling. Near fine. Untrimmed and unopened. Two copies. 11) Numerous other miscellaneous letters and documents, including a memorandum in Shubrick’s hand freeing his slave, Emeline; two botanical specimens collected in California in 1847; a letter to Shubrick signed by President John Tyler; memorandums on blockade activities during the Mexican-American War; and numerous others. A more complete list is available upon request.

An incredible archive, containing a wealth of information about this noted naval commander. Very few of Shubrick’s private papers are available in public institu- tions. According to the Dictionary of Admirals, his personal papers are limited to fifteen items held by the New-York Historical Society. This archive vastly exceeds those holdings. $42,500.

67. Porter, David: JOURNAL OF A CRUISE MADE TO THE PACIF- IC OCEAN, BY CAPTAIN DAVID PORTER, IN THE UNITED STATES FRIGATE ESSEX, IN THE YEARS 1812, 1813, AND 1814 .... New York. 1822. Two volumes. Frontispiece portrait, lxxvi,246pp. plus two plates, folding table, and folding map; [4],256pp. plus five plates. Origi- nal cloth-backed, paper covered boards, facsimile spine labels. Boards stained and slightly shelfworn. Tanning and foxing, as usual with this title. Overall in good, original condition, untrimmed. In a half morocco and cloth slipcase, spine gilt.

Porter left the U.S. at the beginning of the War of 1812 with orders to cruise against British shipping in the Atlantic. He exceeded his instructions by round- ing Cape Horn and attacking British whalers operating off South America and in the Galapagos, then landing in the Marquesas and conducting a war against the natives and annexing the islands to the United States (the U.S. government never supported these claims). His expedition ended off Chile in 1814 when his boat was captured by British warships. Paroled, he returned to a hero’s welcome in the U.S. and wrote this account, first published in 1815 and quickly suppressed. This is the second edition, “the best edition and only complete edition,” accord- ing to Hill. Its new, lengthy introduction adds much material of interest, and the second half of the second volume recounts for the first time in print the details of the loss to the British and events at Valparaiso in 1814. A very important Ameri- can Pacific voyage, a source for Melville’s Typee, and a rare book. For some reason, copies of this book almost invariably lack some of the plates. HOWES P484. SABIN 64219. HILL 1373. FORBES HAWAII 558. $2000.

68. Madison, James: Madison, Dolley: [ JAMES MADISON’S RE- TAINED COPY, WRITTEN ALMOST COMPLETELY IN DOL- LEY MADISON’S HAND, OF A LETTER TO PRESIDENT JAMES MONROE, REGARDING THE FINANCIAL CLAIMS OF JAMES LEANDER CATHCART FOR HIS SERVICES TO THE UNITED STATES, AND HIS BEING PASSED OVER FOR CERTAIN POSITIONS]. [Montpelier, Va.]. Dec. 23, 1823. [1]p. manu- script letter on a quarto sheet. Backed on tissue, repairing vertical and hori- zontal splits. Stain at upper edge. Very good. In a half morocco box.

Former President James Madison writes to current President James Monroe re- garding the dire financial situation of James Cathcart, who had long served in the diplomatic corps of the United States, as consul to Tripoli, and other posts in the Barbary states, Portugal, and Spain. Madison appeals to Monroe to see if govern- ment employment can be found for Cathcart, in order to alleviate the financial circumstances of his family. The letter is written almost entirely in Dolley Madison’s hand, though there are three additional words and two instances of corrections that are written by James Madison himself. It is not uncommon to find Madison’s file copies of his letters in the hand of Dolley Madison or of a secretary. This is especially the case as Madison grew older and his rheumatism worsened. This letter is known to the Papers of James Madison project at the University of Virginia, though it has not yet been published by them. The copy sent to Monroe, which is written entirely in Madison’s hand, is in the Library of Congress. James Leander Cathcart (1767-1843) began his adventures early, immigrating to America from Ireland as a child, and at the age of twelve joining the crew of an American privateer in the Revolutionary War. Captured by the British, Cathcart was held for three years on prison ships in Wallabout Bay before escaping and joining the merchant service. In 1785, Barbary pirates captured the schooner Maria, on which Cathcart was sailing, and took him and twenty others as slaves to Algiers, where Cathcart spent the next eleven years in bondage. During his captiv- ity, however, Cathcart’s good fortune, cleverness, and facility for language (he had learned Spanish and French from fellow prisoners in Wallabout Bay and quickly picked up Arabic and Turkish in Algiers) eventually brought him into relatively comfortable circumstances and positions of responsibility, including that of chief Christian secretary to the Dey and Regency of Algiers in 1792. In that capacity, Cathcart helped the United States envoy Joseph Donaldson negotiate with the Dey for peace and release of the American prisoners, which was finally secured in 1796. In 1796, on a ship he purchased with earnings from his various clerkships, Cathcart sailed to Philadelphia with the rest of the surviving crew of the Maria, dispatches of U.S. consul Joel Barlow, and a letter from the Dey to President Washington. The following year Cathcart was appointed consul at Tripoli, and in 1798 he was named special diplomatic agent to Tunis, where he traveled with William Eaton to negotiate with the new Pasha. It was at Cathcart’s suggestion that Eaton espoused the cause of the exiled Pasha during the First Barbary War, leading to Eaton’s famous adventure from Tripoli to Tunis. Cathcart continued to receive consular appointments to the different Barbary states, but having incurred the ire of their various rulers, he was no longer received by them and was reassigned to Madeira in 1807 and Cadiz in 1815. From 1818 to 1820, Cathcart served as naval agent for the protection of live oak timber in Florida, and his final years were spent working for the U.S. Treasury in Washington. In 1820, Cathcart formally applied for compensation for his past diplomatic services to the United States, most of them having been supervised by James Madi- son as Secretary of State (1801-9) or as president (1809-17). It is no doubt due to this relationship that Cathcart appealed to Madison, which prompted the present letter from Madison to President James Monroe. $2500.

69. Coxe, Richard S.: AN EXAMINATION OF COMMODORE POR- TER’S EXPOSITION; IN WHICH SOME OF THE ERRORS AND INACCURACIES OF THAT PUBLICATION ARE RECTI- FIED, AND SOME OF ITS DEFICIENCIES SUPPLIED. Wash- ington. 1825. 50pp. Dbd. Bit tanned. Else very good.

Coxe’s defense against Commodore David Porter’s assertion that he was personally hostile toward the latter while officiating as Judge Advocate during Porter’s court- martial. Porter was suspended from the Navy in 1825 for his highhanded methods against the Spanish during his West Indian expedition to suppress . Not in Sabin and apparently quite rare. AMERICAN IMPRINTS 20207. $500.

70. [Privateering]: [ARCHIVE OF THIRTY-ONE LETTERS TO JAMES H. CAUSTEN REGARDING FRENCH SPOLIATION CLAIMS, COVERING NEARLY FORTY YEARS.] [Mostly Balti- more]. 1825-1864. Thirty-one letters and five other related documents. Most letters of a single page. Mostly quarto. Old folds. Letters docketed on verso. Some light scattered soiling, but generally quite clean. Overall, very good.

James H. Causten (1788-1874) was a lawyer and politician who is most noted for his extensive work as an agent for French spoliation claims. Under an 1800 treaty with France, the French government was absolved of claims by Americans related to French privateering and impressment of American sailors. In return, the United States was absolved of its obligations to France under the 1783 . Spoliation claims were those claims that were consequently made against the federal government for the financial losses resulting from French privateering and impressment. Most of the letters here are from John Lester of Baltimore, whose claims and the correspondence relating to it continued through the entire period herein rep- resented. The earliest letter is dated Jan. 8, 1825. Lester’s later letters generally concern means for pushing his claim forward, mentioning appropriate members of Congress to contact, and so forth. Other correspondents include Beverly Diggs, George Law, and Benjamin Howard, all writing from Baltimore. The other docu- ments present include a single-page document listing the claims of William Fadon prior to the Treaty with France in 1800 (undated, but early 19th century); a printed power of attorney form for Maryland, completed in manuscript and dated 1816; a four-page document in French, early 19th century; a manuscript copy made in 1885 of the manifest for the cargo aboard the ship Snow, bound for ; and a printed memorial from the “subscribers, merchants and underwriters of Baltimore, in the state of Maryland” presenting their case for claims (Baltimore: B. Edes, [n.d.], 8pp.). $2250.

71. De Roos, F. Fitzgerald: PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF TRAVELS IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA IN 1826 WITH RE- MARKS ON THE PRESENT STATE OF THE AMERICAN NAVY .... London. 1827. [12],238pp. plus eleven plates and two maps. Folding litho- graphed frontis. Original boards, expertly rebacked, paper label. Old lending library bookplate. Internally near fine.

The third edition, issued in the same year as the first, featuring the fine plates after drawings by the author. The frontispiece is a quite handsome lithographed panoramic view of Quebec. The purpose of the author’s travels was to survey the strength of the U.S. Navy in order to ascertain what position it was in to challenge Britain’s domination of the seas. Although he found developments in America impressive, his final opinion, after visiting most of the coast from Washington northward, was that claims for American naval strength were exaggerated. SABIN 19677. HOWES D268. ABBEY 610. LANDE 1724. TPL 1392. $400.

Attack on , Printed on Linen

72. Barney, Mary: MRS. BARNEY’S LETTER TO ANDREW JACK- SON, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES [caption title]. Bos- ton: Chemical Power Print, [1829]. Broadside printed in blue ink on linen, 17¾ x 17¾ inches. Text in four columns, surrounded by an ornamental border. Age-toned, with a few fox marks. Old folds, ink a bit faded. Good.

A scarce printing on linen of a famed attack on Andrew Jackson, the year after he won the presidency. Mary Barney was the wife of William Barney, who was refused reappointment as naval officer for the Port of Baltimore by the new Jack- son administration. Major Barney favored John Quincy Adams in the election of 1828, and Andrew Jackson was renowned for his use of the spoils system of politi- cal patronage. Mrs. Barney (who was also the daughter of Judge Samuel Chase) found Jackson’s reasoning “dark and ambiguous,” and composed this letter, which appeared in a variety of printings. Jackson’s ascendance to prominence coincided with a florescence of printing on fabric in America, and many tributes to him ap- peared in that medium, as did several of his addresses. Of the text of Mrs. Barney’s letter to Jackson, OCLC lists only an 1829 Boston printing on muslin by “Henry Bowen’s Chemical Print.” Known in only two ex- amples, that printing is on a slightly larger piece of fabric, and the text is printed in five columns, as opposed to the four columns of text in this example. This printing is not recorded on OCLC, nor in American Imprints; nor is it recorded in Threads of History, the standard reference on Americana printed on cloth. Scarce. OCLC 58672980 (ref ). $1250.

Amateur Pencil Sketch of Gibraltar by a U.S. Naval Officer

73. [Gibraltar]: A VIEW OF THE ROCK OF GIBRALTAR FROM AL- GESIRAS BAY...[manuscript caption title]. [Gibraltar. 1830]. Pencil sketch, 4 x 10 inches. Dampstained along left edge. Moderate wear to right edge. Good.

A pencil sketch of Gibraltar by a U.S. naval officer, identified only as “Mid. Chandler,” done at sea four and one-half miles off the island’s coast. The rock is illustrated in profile, with a bustling village and harbor shown in the lower left corner. Ac- cording to a penciled note in the lower margin, Chandler served aboard the U.S.S. Brandywine. At the time this drawing was made, the Brandywine was likely on one of its three deployments to the Mediterranean from 1826 to 1850. $300.

A Massive Archive of the Decatur Family

74. [Decatur Family]: [MASSIVE ARCHIVE OF MANUSCRIPTS AND PRINTED MATERIAL RELATING TO THE LIFE AND CAREER OF CAPTAIN STEPHEN DECATUR (NEPHEW OF COMMODORE STEPHEN DECATUR), AS WELL AS CAPTAIN DECATUR’S WIFE, ANNA, AND THEIR SON, LIEUTENANT STEPHEN DECATUR]. [Various places. 1830s to early 1900s, as de- scribed below]. Manuscript and printed material with occasional edge wear and tears (especially along folds). Overall in very good, readable condition.

A huge archive relating to the naval careers and personal lives of two prominent members of the Decatur family. Stephen Decatur (1815-76) was the son of Capt. John P. Decatur, and the nephew of Commodore Stephen Decatur, hero of the Barbary Wars and the War of 1812. He served in the U.S. Navy for several decades, from the 1830s to the 1870s, and was made a commodore in retirement. His son, also Stephen Decatur (though born William Beverly Decatur in 1855), also had a long career in the Navy, fighting as a lieutenant in the Spanish-American War. The professional and personal lives of both are conveyed in the hundreds of items in the present collection, which includes official naval correspondence, Captain Decatur’s personal manuscript naval manual, and a wooden sea chest filled with hundreds of items documenting the life of Lieut. Decatur. Overall it is a rich archive of material, sure to benefit the researcher or naval collector. The contents of the collection include:

1) Some thirty-five manuscript and printed items relating to the naval career and personal life of Captain Stephen Decatur. Among these are several items relat- ing directly to Decatur’s service in the navy, including three manuscript orders from the Navy Department relating to Decatur’s service and assignments, dated 1835, 1840 (signed by Commander William B. Shubrick), and 1847; a manuscript attesting to then-Lieut. Stephen Decatur’s service aboard the U.S.S. Levant in 1840; a partially printed form from the U.S. Navy Department, completed in manuscript and dated June 21, 1870, informing Decatur that he has been appointed a Commodore in the U.S. Navy, as well as a partially printed form, completed in manuscript and dated February 6, 1873, informing Decatur of an increase in his monthly pension. Also included is a printed Wholesale Prices Current for Marseilles, dated August 1, 1829, with additional manuscript notes. This collection also includes a copy of Stephen Decatur’s certificate of marriage to Anna Philbrick, accomplished on March 7, 1848 by Thomas Worcester; a small photograph, done at the studios of David Brothers in Portsmouth, New Hampshire; as well as other letters addressing family and business issues, deaths, and the apparent court-martial proceedings against a naval colleague of Decatur named Chandler. 2) A [61]pp. manuscript notebook by Stephen Decatur, untitled but signed by him on the front cover and internally, comprising a compendium of maritime practices and methods. Bound in original 12mo. limp leather. Created in the mid to late 1830s, this manuscript volume contains a wealth of practical advice for sailors, including those on military vessels. The essays herein include such topics as pulling heavy guns onto a ship, stowing anchors, working with several types of cables and masts, getting under sail, and clearing a harbor. More than anything it resembles an instructional volume on getting a ship prepared for sailing and then setting out to sea. Doubtless it distills several decades of practical Decatur family sailing experiences. 3) Large collection of manuscript material relating to Anna Decatur, the wife of Captain Stephen Decatur, and to his brother Edward. Contains scores of manu- script letters to and from friends and extended family touching on a wide variety of topics. This correspondence provides an excellent picture of life among those in the extended Decatur family. 4) Material relating to the life and naval service of Lieut. Stephen Decatur. Born William Beverly Decatur in 1855, he apparently changed his name to Stephen Decatur sometime after the death of a brother named Stephen. He served in the U.S. Navy during the Spanish-American, and a large portion of this col- lection details his service in that conflict, including the blockade of Santiago, Cuba, and action in . Included are ordnance documents, naval yard invoices, letters discussing Admiral Dewey, etc. Many of the documents relate to the U.S.S. Caesar (on which Decatur was Ordnance officer) and the U.S.S. Hannibal. Several letters are written from Decatur in Cuba or Puerto Rico to his family back in New England. There is also a large amount of manuscript material relating to Decatur’s personal and family life, his finances and business affairs, etc. A further large collection of Lieut. Stephen Decatur’s personal effects are housed in a large wooden sea chest. Among these are bill heads, cancelled checks, account books, business letters, and a pair of grooming brushes with his monogram. In all, hundreds, if not thousands, of items.

A massive collection of material relating to the naval and personal lives of two generations in the Decatur family, spanning some seventy years and most of the 19th century. $4500.

The U.S. Navy Records a New Volcano

75. [Volcanoes]: [United States Navy]: [MANUSCRIPT PLAN OF GRAHAM ISLAND, OFF THE COAST OF , WITH RE- MARKS AS TO ITS APPEARANCE AND DISAPPEARANCE]. [Off Sicily. 1831]. Watercolor and ink, 9¾ x 12¾ inches. Some light soiling and foxing. Small tear at top edge. Very good. Framed.

This watercolor, divided into six panels, shows four different views of Graham Island, a volcanic mountain off the coast of Sicily which appeared in 1831, only to disappear again a few months later. It was evidently made by a crew member of the U.S.S. Boston, who observed the island in the fall of 1831. The island is shown from four different angles: above, and then three views from different sides, labeled on the overhead plan. Graham Island first appeared in an eruption in July 1831, causing an immediate dispute over its ownership, involving Sicily, France, Spain, and England. The dispute was ended, unresolved, when the island eroded and receded below sea level by December. The remaining two pieces of the illustra- tion are a small map, showing the volcanic island’s relation to Sicily, and a section title “Remarks,” discussing the event of the island’s appearance and disappearance A contemporary rendering of this interesting geologic event. The U.S.S. Boston was the fourth American naval vessel of that name, a sloop of war, and served on the Mediterranean station from 1829 to 1832. $2500.

76. [United States Navy]: [MANUSCRIPT SKETCH OF THE U.S.S. SPARK]. [Np. ca. 1833]. 8 x 6½ inches, partially colored. Moderate edge wear, small three-inch tear down from top edge. Two minute holes. Good.

An accomplished amateur drawing by Alexander Gibfore of the United States Navy. Of particular interest are the ornate flags off the bow and stern. $500.

77. [ Jarvis, Russell]: A BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE OF COMM. JESSE D. ELLIOTT; CONTAINING A REVIEW OF THE CON- TROVERSY BETWEEN HIM AND THE LATE COMMODORE PERRY; AND A HISTORY OF THE FIGURE-HEAD OF THE U.S. FRIGATE CONSTITUTION. Philadelphia: Printed for the Author, 1835. 480pp. Original printed boards. Spine ends frayed, moderate wear to extremities, but very nice, uncommon in the original boards. Small contem- porary printed book label.

After the Battle of Lake Erie in 1813, Elliott was accused by some of not giving Perry sufficient aid. Although he was vindicated by Congress, the charges lingered, and in 1818 Elliott challenged Perry to a duel. Perry tried to have him court-martialed, but President Monroe wisely buried the matter. When Elliott was in charge of the Boston Navy Yard, a prankster sawed the head off the figurehead of Andrew Jackson on the Constitution. The head has only just recently been returned to the U.S. Sometimes ascribed to James Fenimore Cooper. HOWES J68. $600.

78. [Ruschenberger, William Samuel Waithman]: THREE YEARS IN THE PACIFIC; CONTAINING NOTICES OF BRAZIL, CHILE, BOLIVIA, AND PERU, &c. IN 1831, 1832, 1833, 1834. By an Officer of the United States Navy. London. 1835. Two volumes. xi,403,[1]; viii, 440pp. Original cloth-backed boards, printed paper labels. Corners bumped, spine ends bit worn, first volume bit cocked, inner front hinge of first volume starting. Else very good and clean.

First London edition, after the one-volume American edition issued the previous year. The author was a U.S. Navy surgeon and an honorary member of the Phila- delphia Medical Society. He made two voyages to South America and the Pacific, first aboard the Brandywine (1826-29) and then aboard the Falmouth (1831-34). This book is largely devoted to his experiences in South America, including whal- ing off the coast of Peru, with some entertaining descriptions of the society which exists between whaling vessels at sea and among the sailors on land: “Whalers form a distinct class. When several vessels are assembled at any of the places of rendezvous, the oldest captain in company is styled the admiral.” SABIN 74195. HILL 1498. BORBA DE MORAES, p.755. FORBES HAWAII 918 (ref ). $750.

Outstanding Journal of a Troublesome American Midshipman in Asian Seas

79. Cadwalader, Henry: PRIVATE JOURNAL OF A CRUIZE [sic] IN THE U.S. SCHOONER ENTERPRISE LT. A.S. CAMPBELL ESQ. COMMANDING IN THE EAST INDIAS & SEAS [manu- script title]. [Various places at sea and in port in the , Gulf of Siam, and China Sea, as described below]. July 12, 1835 – April 7, 1836. [118]pp. manuscript on 12½ x 8-inch sheets of paper. A total of some 32,500 words. Includes a pen and ink sketch of “The Town of Zanzibar from the Harbour,” and of the island of “Pemba.” Plus a fragment of a sheet of paper containing a few caricatures and a sketch of the U.S.S. Peacock. Title-leaf and the following text leaf with a long repaired tear; some slight edge wear or staining to the leaves. In very good condition. In an oblong half morocco and cloth clamshell case, spine gilt.

An absolutely outstanding American naval manuscript, this is the journal kept by Midshipman Henry Cadwalader for the first nine months of his voyage as part of the United States Navy’s . Cadwalader sailed on the U.S.S. Peacock, the flagship of the squadron, and on the U.S.S. Enterprise, the squadron’s supporting schooner. The journal is rich with his observations on the places he visited, including Zanzibar, Bombay, Ceylon, and Batavia. Though he went to sea as a teenager, Cadwalader seems to have been well educated (he was a scion of a notable Philadelphia family), and his journal is well written and lively, filled with keen observations of his life on board ship and of the various places he visited on his voyage. The journal gives an excellent picture of life at sea for a young man in the 1830s. Cadwalader is reflective and introspective, yet keenly observant of his surroundings and of the character of the men on his ship and of the natives and British colonizers he encountered. His journal is also an exceptionally early account by an American of Zanzibar, India, and Indonesia. In all, it is one of the most interesting, textured, and detailed American naval manuscripts we have ever encountered. Henry Cadwalader (1817-44) came from a distinguished military lineage: his grandfather, Brig. Gen. , commanded Pennsylvania troops in sev- eral important Revolutionary War battles, and his father, Major General , commanded a Pennsylvania militia brigade during the War of 1812. Henry Cadwalader was appointed a midshipman in the U.S. Navy on December 13, 1832 and became a “passed midshipman” on July 8, 1839. At the time he un- dertook this voyage to the East, he was only in his late teens, and very early in his naval career. The Enterprise and the Peacock sailed on an expedition to the Indian Ocean and East Indies for the purpose of obtaining information and negotiating treaties of friendship and commerce with Eastern powers. Among the places the ships visited over the course of the three-year cruise were Muscat, Oman, Ceylon, India, Java, Siam, Cochin, China, the Bonin Islands, Hawaii, Mexico, and California. Cadwalader began his voyage in the Enterprise, but transferred to the commanding ship of the expedition, the Peacock, at Bombay. Cadwalader’s journal covers the first nine months of the voyage, from New York to Bangkok. The journal begins with a manuscript titlepage which includes a list of the officers on board the Enterprise, with Henry Cadwalader listed as one of four midshipmen. The text opens with an entry noting that the Peacock and Enterprise departed Rio de Janeiro bound for the East Indies on Sunday, July 12, 1835. Cadwalader writes that he expects to be transferred at some point to the Peacock, and spends the opening passages of his journal describing life on board the schooner. These initial entries give an excellent impression of life on board an American naval ves- sel for a teenaged midshipman, describing Cadwalader’s daily duties, the drudgery, hazards, and joys of life on board ship, and conveying a youthful sense of wonder at the world. For example, in an entry for August 8, he writes: “Had the morn- ing watch – scrubbed decks & paint work, &c. At 7 bells drank a cup of coffee with [Midshipman] Forbes sitting on the Bitts. Came below at about quarter of 9, washed & eat breakfast, mended my clothes, stowed my locker & read a little Shakespeare. Did not feel well – a swelling under my throat. I had caught cold from sleeping in a wet hammock.” Cadwalader’s illness became so bad that he had to be treated by the First Lieutenant, and he writes: “I am as weak as a cat, can hardly do anything for myself, and my face is so extremely altered that no one would recognize me – the skin is all coming off so that I shall have an entire new & clear covering to my face...The Dr. makes me drink a bottle of porter every day and I live in the wardroom.” Along with Shakespeare Cadwalader also notes that he read Gil Blas in the original French, “for it improves one in the French language, which is decidedly the most useful in the world.” Cadwalader is often critical of the command style of the captain of the Enterprise, A.S. Campbell. In an entry of August 25, 1835 he writes:

The Capt. amuses me more than anyone else. He stays on deck all day doing nothing but fidget about. He looks as if he wanted to quarrel with someone & had nobody to quarrel with. He has nothing to employ his mind & therefore is miserable or rather nervous. A man without resources to pass his time certainly is unfriendly to himself, for he must have what is called the “Blue-devils” or a “what shall I do with myself to day” to pass my time.

Cadwalader remarks several times in his journal on Captain Campbell’s drinking, and the way it affected his command. Life on board ship is a constant backdrop of Cadwalader’s journals, and his depictions of shipboard activities, chores, personalities, and conflicts are one of the great merits of his writing. For example, in his entry of September 4 (fifty-five days out from Rio), he writes:

Kept the middle watch – a most beautiful night almost as light as day, but my mouth was so parched & dry for want of water that I could not speak the truth. Our allowance now is ½ a gallon a day, man & officers and in a warm climate it is not enough & we had used all our water during the day...there is a great deal of work going on, at this time on board, painting & blacksmithing work, which they are anxious to get done before going into port. All that we are in want of now is water...it is getting horribly warm but it will be much more so before this cruize is over.

On September 30 he writes:

Forbes [a midshipman] has applyed [sic] to leave the Birth deck, as he has been on it now upwards of 2 months & I think it is more than probable that I will have to relieve him there – however I have not heard anything about it. Yesterday we had one of the hams for dinner that we got in Zanzibar from the English brig – put up in tin it was spoiled & stunk most horridly. Mr. Page [First Lieutenant] made a request – “that we would be much obliged if we would have it thrown overboard” – but Mr. Forbes thought that it was very fine & he ate a great deal of it.

In his journal entry for September 11, 12, and 13, Cadwalader notes that they saw land and thought that it was Zanzibar. In fact it was the island of Pemba, not far from Zanzibar off the east coast of Africa. Cadwalader includes a nice pen and ink view of the island in the journal. By the afternoon of September 14 they were near the island of Zanzibar, and he includes a sketch of the “town of Zanzibar from the harbor.” He also describes a visit to the Enterprise by a representative of the prince of Zanzibar:

In a little while the Capt. of the port came alongside in a large 76 oared boat pulled by Mahomedan riggers with turbans on their heads. We were surprised when he came over the gangway to hear him say in very good English indeed “how do you do, I am very glad to see you” & shook hands. He took a letter from his pocket for the Capt. from Com. Kennedy. The Peacock had sailed here 5 days ago from Muskat [i.e. Muscat] & had a passage of 54 days from Rio, 10 days less than we had. She left orders for us to get in water & provi- sions & proceed immediately to Bombay. The Capt. asked him down in to the cabin and he sat there for more than an hour. He was a fine looking man, about 6 feet very dark complexion, fine large eyes, and a large black beard. He was dressed as all Mahomedans of his rank are, with a fine turban of different coloured silk, an outer robe of very fine snuff coloured cloth and his under garments were of the finest white [?] edged around with lace. His feet were bare but were protected from the ground by a pair of wooden sandals that had a leather strap up between his toes. He wore spectacles & altogether he was a very fine looking man. Another peculiarity was his teeth which were very large and fine, and his gums of bright vermilion, but his teeth were jet black!!! evidently died [sic] so.

In all, the Enterprise spent nearly a week at Zanzibar, and Cadwalader devotes sev- eral pages in his journal to describing his experiences there, including descriptions of walks he made around the island. In his entry for September 17 he describes a visit to the royal palace to meet the prince of Zanzibar:

On the morning of the 17th I accompanied Capt. Campbell, Mr. Sharpe, the Dr. & Mr. Waldron to see the young prince. We fired a salute of 17 guns, which was returned by the frigate of the town.....At the door we were met by the young prince & about 60 or 70 attendants with their ....We were all of us presented to him. He was distinguished enough & led the way proudly towards the Audience Chambers. This was a large apartment, very high ceiling, the walls white, there was little furniture in the room, nothing but a large chandelier in the centre & the chairs set all round. The floor was white marble. I was as much disappointed in the appearance of the young Prince as I was in the Palace. I expected to see something magnificent but it is a very common looking building outside, with a flag staff in front of it, the national flag flying, which is a field of red, the same as the Red Rovers. The prince is a very common looking boy, only 17 years old, large sleepy eyes, very thin and not at all good looking. He was dressed well but not as I ex- pected to see a prince. His turban was neatly tied & his clothes rather finer than those worn by the generality of Arabs. He wore a of beautiful workmanship mounted with gold & embossed work on it....The young prince said that he would always remember the Commodore Kennedy with pleasure & do everything in his power for the Americans whenever they came in here. After sitting about 20 minutes a black eunuch came in with another slave & handed us coffee in gold cup....

The Enterprise departed Zanzibar on September 20, bound for Bombay, where they arrived in mid-October. Cadwalader reports that the Enterprise was the first American man-of-war ever to visit Bombay, having arrived there ahead of the Pea- cock. There were several American trading vessels in port and dry docks including the ship Shepherdess of Salem, which had brought ice along with other goods. The Enterprise elicited a good deal of curiosity from the residents of Bombay, many of whom came aboard the ship. Of Bombay, Cadwalader writes: “I like the place very much indeed. The harbour is a fine one & a good deal of fun on shore, the people are very hospitable...I had an opportunity of seeing the dry docks, they are large enough to hold 5 line of battle ships. They are exactly on the same plan as the one in Norfolk, but not half so fine in workmanship, nor so well worth seeing. They belong to the E[ast] I[ndia] Company.” He includes a description of a dinner hosted on shore by English officers and remarks on the hospitality and lavishness of the affair. Cadwalader also reports that two members of the Enterprise crew deserted the ship while at Bombay, and that he was part of a party sent after them. The men were eventually caught, court-martialed, and whipped as punishment. On September 23 the Peacock arrived in Bombay, the first time they had seen the flagship since they departed Rio de Janeiro. The Peacock had been damaged when it ran aground on a small island some 250 miles from Muscat, and it was necessary to pull it in for repairs while in Bombay. Cadwalader took the oppor- tunity to apply for a transfer to the Peacock, and visited the town several times during their long stay:

I have been on shore frequently. It is delightful in the afternoon to take a walk on the esplanade and see the officers riding about. The town is walled and there are sentries at all the gates. There is two regiments of native soldiers here under pay of the company. After dark you get into one of the Buggies outside of the gates & go out north to Dungaree green. The roads are beautiful & they drive very fast. There is all kinds of “casts” [sic] here and all kinds of religions, fire worshippers, “sons of Hafed.” You may see them coming down to the water in the morning in droves to wash their faces, feet & hands. They dare not take or eat anything that is touched by a Christian or they lost their “cast.” There is a fellow on shore now who is in this way. He is doomed to hold a flower pot in his hand for 30 years – it is his God – he has been so for 15 years & has as much longer to stay. His nails on his fingers are about a foot long and curled round, and he holds the pot out at arms length. When the flower dies he is to be killed. There is another one that is hung up by a hook from his 3rd rib for a certain length of time, I do not remember how many years.

On November 4, Cadwalader received his orders to transfer to the Peacock, “the flagship of Commodore E.P. Kennedy, commanding the East India & (consisting of this ship & the Schooner).” Finally repaired, the Peacock, with Cadwalader on board, departed Bombay in early December, heading south and east. Over the next several weeks the ship visited a number of places, including the island of “Elephanta,” where Cadwalader and his mates toured the famed caves with their Hindu statuary, and the island of Ceylon, where they docked for nearly two weeks at the harbor of Colombo. The Peacock stayed there longer than expected because, according to Cadwalader, Commodore Kennedy found the harbor so hospi- table. While anchored there they were visited by local vendors selling trinkets: “In a very short time after anchoring the ship was filled with peddlers having stones, shells, rings, jewels, boxes, & jewelry of almost every description. There are no very pretty things among them & all of very bad workmanship. At first they ask a most enormous price but you can generally get anything for 6 or 8 times less than the first price. Here I bought 2 small models of boats of this country.” Cadwalader also includes a description of the town of Colombo, including a visit to a very large cinnamon plantation owned by Mr. Laird, the “fort adjutant,” and describes several parties thrown for the Americans by the English residents. From Ceylon they sailed for Batavia, (now called Jakarta) on the island of Java, arriving there on January 12. The Peacock and Enterprise remained in Batavia for just over a month, and Cadwalader took the opportunity to make several visits to the town and surrounding country, giving long descriptions of the people and places he saw there. He made the acquaintance of the American consul at Batavia, and remarks on the Dutch presence in the colony:

Batavia is a regular Dutch place & the natives have adopted the Dutch cos- tume. Many of the houses look like those old buildings you see in New York & Albany. Canals running in every direction about the town. Some of the country houses are very pretty & shaded with green trees & gravel walks & are very neat & cool. The grand square & the palace for the Governor or Resident is a very large stone building facing on the square in the centre of which is a monument with a lion & his foot resting on a ball. What the monument meant to represent I could not find out....We saw a detachment of a Dutch convict Regiment, they were dressed in a green frock coat with yellow worsted belts and a heavy black cap with a large black feather....The uniform was very warm looking & not at all suited to a climate like this. The men were all transported from their own country on account of some rascalities committed there and sentenced to serve so many years in this Regiment, some for life.

The Peacock departed Batavia and sailed north for the China Sea, arriving in the Gulf of Siam in late March. On April 6, Cadwalader boarded a for the passage up the river to Bangkok. The journal concludes on April 7, 1836 with Cadwalader having arrived in Bangkok. An absolutely outstanding American naval journal kept by a young midshipman, with fine details of life aboard ship and giving excellent observations of several ports in the Indian Ocean and the East Indies. $42,500.

80. [Potter, Woodburne]: THE WAR IN FLORIDA: BEING AN EX- POSITION OF ITS CAUSES, AND AN ACCURATE HISTORY OF THE CAMPAIGNS OF GENERALS CLINCH, GAINES AND SCOTT...By a Late Staff Officer. Baltimore: Lewis and Coleman, 1836. viii,184pp. plus three folding maps. Original green ribbed cloth. Cloth a bit darkened and rubbed. Two closed tears in folding frontispiece map. Quite clean internally. Very good.

This copy bears the ownership signature on the front pastedown of Admiral John A. Dahlgren of the United States Navy. Dahlgren, head of the ’s ord- nance department, developed several important innovations during the Civil War. A significant history of the Seminole War, by a participant. “Unsparingly critical of Jackson, Jesup and the Secretary of War” – Howes. The maps are “A Map of the Seat of War in Florida, 1836”; plans of the “Battle and Massacre Ground of Major Dade and Command Dec. 28th, 1835”; and “Camp Izard on the Ouithlacoochee River Feb. 29, 1836.” Potter was a former United States military officer who was wounded at Camp Izard. CLARK III:225. HOWES P515, “aa.” STREETER SALE 1236. SABIN 64673. FIELD 548, 1628. SERVIES 1902. $5000.

81. Stewart, Charles S. [editor]: THE NAVAL MAGAZINE. New York. January 1836 – November 1837. Twelve issues bound in two volumes. 108,[1]- 42,[109]-[300],[43]-71,[301]-[610]; [2],102,[4],612pp., including two vi- gnettes and several tables, plus two plates (one folding) and one folding map. Modern cloth, leather labels, gilt. Occasional light foxing, minor offsetting from map, else fine.

A complete set of this scarce and important American naval periodical, issued by the United States Naval Lyceum. Although The Naval Magazine ceased publica- tion after just under two years, it contributed much to the development of naval education in the United States, and articles appearing in it paved the way to the establishment of the Naval Academy in 1845. Important articles include James Fennimore Cooper’s “Comparative Resources of the American Navy,” Dr. Parsons’ “Malaria,” and “Thoughts on the Navy” by Alexander Slidell. Also included are various travel accounts: “Journal from Vienna to Belgrade,” “Exploring Expedition to the South Seas,” “Universal Sea Language,” “Observations Upon the Geography of the Southern Extremity of South America....,” and “Scientific Results of the Voyage to the Pacific and Behring’s Strait...Under the Command of Captain F.W. Beechey.” With a folding engraved plate of “Ericsson’s Patent Propeller for Steam Boats.” SABIN 52079. $1000.

82. Sullivan, William: SEA LIFE; OR, WHAT MAY OR MAY NOT BE DONE BY SHIP-OWNERS, SHIP-MASTERS, MATES AND SEAMEN. Boston: James B. Dow, 1837. v,[1],[13]-96pp. Engraved titlepage vignette. 12mo. Contemporary half sheep and marbled boards. Boards rubbed. Faint old dampstain at lower edge of most of text. A good copy. In a half morocco and cloth folding box, spine gilt.

An interesting volume on the rules and procedures of sea-going for ships’ masters, captains, and mariners. Includes sections on building, registering, and licensing ships; impressment; the traits of good and bad captains; the duties of sailors; proper behavior in foreign ports; and the use of rum in the United States Navy. OCLC locates only a dozen copies. Scarce. AMERICAN IMPRINTS 46955. SABIN 93560. OCLC 4517925. $500. The First American Treatise on Shipbuilding

83. M’Kay, Lauchlan: THE PRACTICAL SHIPBUILDER; CON- TAINING THE BEST MECHANICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL PRINCIPLES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF DIFFERENT CLASSES OF VESSELS, AND THE PRACTICAL ADAPTION OF THEIR SEVERAL PARTS, WITH THE RULES CAREFULLY DETAILED. THE WHOLE BEING PLAINLY AND COMPRE- HENSIVELY ARRANGED FOR THE INSTRUCTION OF THE INEXPERIENCED. ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES. New York: Collins, Keese and Co., 1839. 107pp. plus seven folding plates. Large oblong octavo. Antique-style three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt extra, leather label. Dark dampstaining in upper margin of first half of text, light foxing throughout. Plates evenly tanned, slightly edgeworn, foxed, small damp- stain on upper margins, neat repairs on old folds. Else in very good condition.

This is the first complete American book on shipbuilding, by a member of the most famous American family of shipbuilders of the 19th century. It was published at a time when native American talents in ship construction were finding dynamic new solutions to problems of hull design and ship forms which launched a whole new class of sailing vessels. Lauchlan M’Kay and his brother, Donald, were at the forefront of this evolution. According to Richard C. McKay, the 1830s saw “prob- ably more experiments and alterations...on sailing vessels than...any other decade in the history of our merchant marine.” Lauchlan M’Kay was carpenter to the U.S. Navy, serving on board the U.S.S. Constellation. He wrote this book during a leave of absence in 1839, with the as- sistance of his older brother, Donald; trained as a commercial ship carpenter; and later became famous for building the Great Eastern and some of the most famous clipper ships of the 1850s. This pioneering volume quickly became the standard and only American work about naval construction in American ship yards. It shows the M’Kays had mastered both international traditions and American styles of shipbuilding. According to Chapelle, “No other American work on this subject appeared until John W. Griffiths began to publish his books and articles on ship design in 1851.” The plates depict plans for a full ship, a pilot boat, a schooner, a brig, a sloop, and a river steamboat. The M’Kays went on to practice with great success what they propose in this book. Their clipper ships set extraordinary speed records, especially on the difficult run from New York to San Francisco and back. In 1852, Lauchlan commanded The Sovereign of the Seas on the fastest passage ever of this route, despite having to re-rig the ship at sea after a storm. The full story of the brothers has best been told by their descendant, Richard McKay, in various publications. $10,000.

Hawaiian Imprint on the Wilkes Expedition

84. Elliot, Jared: A SERMON OCCASIONED BY THE DEATH OF LIEUTENANT J.A. UNDERWOOD, AND MIDSHIPMAN WIL- KES HENRY, OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY. Honolulu: Mission Press, 1840. [2],26pp. Original printed blue wrappers. Wrappers rubbed and with some stains, small duplicate ink stamp on lower portion of rear wrapper, tiny ding affecting imprint. Light soiling in text. Very good.

A nice copy of this sermon, printed to commemorate the deaths of two members of the United States Exploring Expedition. “On July 24, 1840, at Malolo Island in the Fiji Islands, a group from the Vincennes was on shore bartering when they were suddenly attacked by natives. In the affray, Midshipman Wilkes Henry (a nephew of Commander Wilkes) and Lieutenant J.A. Underwood were killed. In retaliation, Commander Wilkes ordered an attack on the village. This tragic event is depicted in George Colvocoresses’ Four Years in the Government Exploring Expedition (New York, 1855). Following the death, members of the Wilkes Expedition resolved that $2,000 be appropriated for a monument to the men, and further ‘that the Rev. Mr. Elliott be requested to furnish a copy of the sermon...for publication, and...to have one thousand copies printed at the Sandwich Islands” – Forbes. FORBES HAWAII 1201. HASKELL 129. $3000.

The Adventures of a Sailor

85. Nichols, Reuben: THE ADVENTURES AND RAMBLINGS OF A SAILOR, WRITTEN BY HIMSELF [manuscript caption title]. [Bridgeport, Ct. ca. 1840]. 213pp., written on rectos only; approximately 70,000 words. Folio. Moderate wear with some loss to first few leaves. Mi- nor soiling. Written in a clear and very legible hand. Good plus. In a half morocco slipcase.

A lively and entertaining account of the times and exploits of Reuben Nichols, who went to sea as a merchant sailor in 1811 at the tender age of seventeen, on the eve of the War of 1812. His narrative describes many encounters with other trading ships, with pirates and privateers, and tells of the sentencing of mutineers and de- serters to death or brutal punishment under the whip’s lash. Nichols lived through numerous skirmishes with British cruisers. After one such engagement he and his shipmates were impressed into service and taken to England, where he met John Quincy Adams, then minister to the Court of St. James. With Adams’ help, Nichols set sail on an English ship bound for St. Petersburg. Among the many ports of call he encounters over the course of the narrative are Norway, Malta, , Greece, Smyrna, Seville, Cadiz, , Gibraltar, Aruba, Brazil, , Grenada, among others. At a number of these destinations he had chance to observe and record the customs of the native inhabitants, as well as his own unusual and entertaining exploits. In Spain, for example, he notes a visit to abandoned torture chambers in monasteries. The narrative continues up to about 1840, at which point Nichols tired of the hardships of a seafaring life. Among the many interesting moments in the memoir is the author’s 1837 rescue in New York City of John Hopper, who was to be tarred and feathered by an angry mob who believed him to be an abolitionist. In this effort, he was partly aided by the mayor of New York, Aaron Clark. A separate memoir by Hopper confirms Nichols’ actions. The memoir references a number of important historic events, such as Napoleon’s return to France in 1815; the Battle of Waterloo; the election of James Monroe as fifth president of the United States; the outbreak of a yellow fever epidemic in Charleston, South Carolina; and a defeat in battle of the revolutionary forces of Henri Christophe (later king of Haiti) in Haiti. Born near Bridgeport, Connecticut, the author returned there after his adven- turous and exotic life at sea. Upon settling in Bridgeport, he involved himself in local politics and pursued a career in shipbuilding. An entertaining and interesting account of one man’s life abroad. $9500.

A Lovely Image of a Later Naval Hero

86. Edouart, Auguste: [SILHOUETTE PORTRAIT OF DAVID DIX- ON PORTER, SEATED AND READING A NEWSPAPER]. Wash- ington. 1841. Silhouette portrait, embellished with graphite and ink; measuring 11½ x 8½ inches, framed to 14 x 11 inches. Minor foxing and soiling. Very good.

Full-length silhouette portrait of Lieutenant , seated in a rocking chair with a cigar in one hand and a newspaper in the other. Auguste Edouart was a French artist who traveled extensively and specialized in silhouette portraits. As with the present piece, Edouart would cut the silhouette out of black paper; here, the figure has been placed in a drawing room setting, a newspaper cleverly cut out and placed in his hand. The portrait is signed at the bottom and dated at Washington, 1841; a manuscript note on the backboard reads: “Lieut. David D. Porter, U.S. Navy, 1841.” Porter (1813-91) was promoted to lieutenant in the U.S. Navy in March 1841, and it is possible this portrait was ordered to commemorate his promotion. Porter served in the Mexican American War, in the blockade against Vera Cruz, and later saw action in the Civil War, including the Battle of New Orleans. Porter finished his career with the rank of admiral, serving his post-war years as the head of the Naval Academy at Annapolis. $2250.

87. Dale, John B.: [GROUP OF THREE SCENES ALONG THE SU- WANEE RIVER, DRAWN BY UNITED STATES NAVY LIEU- TENANT JOHN B. DALE]. [Southern Georgia or northern Florida. nd, ca. 1842-1843]. Three ink and wash drawings, as described below. Fine.

A charming group of ink and wash drawings by talented artist and United States Navy Lieutenant John B. Dale. Only one of the drawings is titled, but they all show scenes along a river, presumably the Suwanee in southern Georgia or northern Florida, and two of them show sporting scenes. Lieutenant John B. Dale was born in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1814 and appointed a midshipman in the United States Navy in 1829. He was one of three artists assigned to the United States Exploring Expedition, the pioneering scientific exploration commanded by that lasted from 1838 to 1842. During that voyage Dale butted heads several times with the famously irascible Wilkes, and was sent home half-way through the expedition. Nonetheless, many of Dale’s drawings appear in the official published account of the expedition. He was married in 1840 and had two sons. From 1844 to 1846, Dale was a member of the crew of the U.S.S. Constitution (“Old Ironsides”) during its circumnavigation of the globe. Dale died in Lebanon in 1848, while on duty in the Mediterranean as part of the Lynch Expedition. Dale’s manuscript journal of his cruise aboard the Constitution is in the collection of the New England Historical Genealogical Society. The three drawings in this collection are undated, but were likely made by Dale while he was on leave from his position working on the U.S. Coastal Survey, to which he was assigned in 1840. They are as follow:

1) “Crossing the Suwanee.” Ink on a 8¾ x 10¾-inch sheet of thick paper stock. Shows a man holding a shotgun (possibly Dale himself ), standing in a small boat as the boat is pulled across the river by another man utilizing a rope tied on both banks. As in the other two drawings, Dale gives a fine sense of the flora of the region, ably sketching the different varieties of overgrown trees. Signed by Dale in the lower right. 2) Untitled scene of a man hunting ducks. Ink and wash on a 7 x 9¼-inch sheet, bordered by a blue and white “Greek key” motif. In this illustration a man stands in a small boat, shown in the lower right, and fires a shotgun at several flying ducks. A black man is seated in the boat as well, and a few small buildings are shown on the far riverbank. 3) Untitled scene of a man fishing in a river. Ink and wash on a 7 x 9¼-inch sheet, bordered by a blue and white “Greek key” motif. A man is shown in the foreground, standing knee-deep in the river, holding a fishing pole. Two cows are near him, drinking from the river, and a small camp is shown in the middle distance. A horseless cart is also depicted on the riverbank.

An attractive set of southern sporting views, by a talented artist who also partici- pated in notable American naval expeditions. $9500.

88. Baldwin, William: RELIQUIAE BALDWINIANAE: SELECTIONS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE OF THE LATE WILLIAM BALDWIN, M.D. SURGEON IN THE NAVY. Philadelphia: Kimber and Sharpless, 1843. 346,[1]pp. Frontis. Original brown blindstamped cloth, spine gilt, expertly rebacked with original spine laid down. Very good. In a cloth slipcase, leather label.

Baldwin was a skilled botanist who served as a surgeon in the U.S. Navy, and died in Missouri in 1819 while en route to join the Long Expedition as its botanist. Edited by botanist William Darlington, the text consists of botanical correspondence with his colleague, Henry Muhlenberg, descriptions of his trip to Florida and South America in 1817 and 1818, and letters from his final western trip. Appended is “Notices of East Florida” on pages 327-346. SERVIES 2837. $600. 89. Beers, W.M.: PRIVATE JOURNAL OF W.M. BEERS [manuscript title]. [At sea off the coast of Africa, and Porto Praya, Cape Verde Islands]. 1843-1845. [100]pp., and approximately 100 blank pages. Plus a shopping list. Three-quarter leather with marbled boards, decorative stamping on spine. Dampstaining and circular cuts to front board, costing approximately 1½ x 12 inches of the right edge of the front board. Approximately sixteen leaves removed from the back. Children’s drawings inside boards. Some dampstaining to first 20 pages, else text clean.

The manuscript journal of W.M. Beers, a regular seaman in the U.S. Navy, as he departs from Philadelphia aboard the U.S. Frigate Macedonian to , Porto Praya in the Cape Verde Islands, and the African coast, where the ship was posted to attack pirates and interdict the slave trade. Beers seems to have been a landlub- ber before he sailed, and his adjustment to nautical life was difficult. About half the text consists of a journal, while the rest is Beers’ copies of letters written home from Porto Praya and other ports of call. Beers was a devout man who finds it difficult to maintain his relationship with God while completing his responsibilities on board a ship. In describing the differences between Sabbath in Philadelphia and on board a ship Beers writes: “[In Philadelphia] a universal respect paid to the day, the sanctuary of God open, preaching in all parts of the city and nothing to hinder you from worshipping God. But here you know not the moment you may be called upon to perform some duty, which might as well as not be done on another day....” In a letter to a friend Beers comments on the behavior of his fellow sailors: “I cannot describe to you the feelings that I experienced the first day. I was shocked... to hear the blasphemy and curses which accompanied almost every sentence and I feel these things much more keenly as I had but just emerged from the society of those who had [thought] for the welfare of their eternal souls....” The journal is of a personal nature, consisting, for the most part, of Beers’ religious experiences and adjustment to living on the Macedonian. The letters contain more information about shipboard life and the situation of the ship. Journals by regular seamen from this period are most unusual. $900.

The Sherman Edition of the Wilkes Expedition

90. Wilkes, Charles: NARRATIVE OF THE UNITED STATES EX- PLORING EXPEDITION. DURING THE YEARS 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Philadelphia: C. Sherman, 1844-1845. Six volumes: five quarto text volumes plus atlas. Text: Half titles; small format errata slip in Vol. V. Nine double-page maps, sixty-four steel engraved plates, 293 woodcut and steel engraved illustrations (including forty-seven steel-engraved vignettes). Atlas: Five folding maps, one handcolored. Text: Contemporary half calf over marble paper-covered boards, rebacked to style in roan, spines ruled and let- tered in gilt, marbled edges. Some light offsetting from plates. Atlas: Con- temporary marbled calf, expertly rebacked to style. Corners slightly rubbed. Browned, some expert repairs to map folds. Else very good. All contained within three modern blue morocco-backed cloth boxes, with onlaid red mo- rocco labels tooled in gilt.

First edition, mixed issue, of the text: the volumes limited to between seventy-five and 150 copies. The first three volumes of the text are variants of the first edition, first issue (Haskell 1, limited to 100 copies, of which twenty-five were destroyed by fire): the official issue, with Sherman’s name on the front of the titles, but a variant with no mention on the half titles that the work was published “by author- ity of Congress.” The fourth and fifth volumes are from the first edition, second (unofficial) issue (Haskell 2A, limited to 150 copies). The atlas (Haskell 17B), from an edition of 1000 copies, was issued to accompany the imperial octavo issue. This set therefore includes elements from the only two quarto issues of this work, allied with the atlas from the subsequent imperial octavo issue. “Wilkes wrote in Jan. 28, 1845, that since general distribution ‘would not be accomplished by the one hundred copies ordered by the government of the 4to edition...I have had printed the remainder of the token, (namely 150 copies) of the 4to edition, for the purpose of presentation to my friends, and for sale to those who should desire a book of that size’” – Haskell (p.37). The United States Exploring Expedition “was the first American scientific expedition of any size, charged to ‘extend the bounds of Science and promote the acquisition of knowledge,’ and was one of the most ambitious Pacific expeditions ever attempted” (Forbes). The expedition represents “the first governmental sponsor- ship of scientific endeavor and was instrumental in the nation’s westward expansion. Specimens gathered by expedition scientists became the foundation collections of the Smithsonian Institution. Significant American contributions in the fields of geology, botany, conchology, anthropology, and linguistics came from the scientific work of the expedition. Wilkes’s evaluations of his landfalls influenced later U.S. positions in those areas” (DAB). “The chief fields of exploration in this expedition were the coast of the continent, the islands of the Pacific Ocean, and the American northwest coast. In total some 280 islands in the Pacific and adjacent waters and 800 miles of streams and coasts in the Oregon country were surveyed, and 1,600 miles of the coast of were charted. After leaving in 1838, the expedition visited Madeira, the Cape Verde Islands, Brazil, , the South Shetland Islands and Peter I Island, Chile, and Peru, before proceeding to the Tuamotu or the low Archipelago, the Islands, and . From , Wilkes sailed into the region now known as Wilkesland. He visited Tonga, the Fiji group, and the Hawaiian Islands in 1840, and in 1841 explored the west coast of North America. Much valuable information is given on the Columbia River, the Willamette Valley, Puget Sound, the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the Sacramento Valley, and the findings on the northwest coast of America proved timely in light of the dispute with Great Britain over the Oregon Territory. The Wilkes expedi- tion also visited San Francisco bay and the Sacramento River. Crossing the Pacific, Wilkes called at the Philippine Islands, the , , , and, rounding the Cape of Good Hope, finally reached New York in 1842, having sailed round the world” – Hill. HASKELL 2A; ref 1 (text), 17B (atlas). HOWES W414, “c.” HILL 1746, 1866. David B. Tyler, The Wilkes Expedition (Philadelphia, 1968). Herman J. Viola, ed., Magnificent Voyagers, the U.S. Exploring Expedition, 1838-1842 (Washington, 1985). FORBES HAWAII 1517. SABIN 103994. SPENCE, p.56. FERGUSON 3954. TWENEY 83. $50,000.

91. Wilkes, Charles: NARRATIVE OF THE UNITED STATES EX- PLORING EXPEDITION. DURING THE YEARS 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Philadelphia: Lea & Blanchard, 1845 [text]. London: Wiley & Putnam, 1845 [atlas]. Five volumes plus atlas. Text: Half titles, portrait, sixty-four plates, nine maps, numerous vignettes. Atlas: Letterpress title-leaf and contents page, otherwise engraved throughout; five folding maps backed on linen (one handcolored). Quarto. Expertly bound to style in black straight-grained morocco gilt, covers with double-fillet gilt borders. Very clean and fresh internally.

First “unofficial” quarto edition of the narrative of the first American naval exploring expedition, one of only 150 copies printed (only 100 of which were for sale), here with a very rare variant of the atlas volume with a London imprint. The importance of the Wilkes Expedition, the first United States scientific expedition by sea, cannot be overstated. Wilkes’ six ships ranged from Tierra del Fuego, Chile, and Peru, to Samoa, Fiji, Tahiti, Hawaii, Australia, , the , and Singapore. “The chief fields of exploration in this expedition were the coast of the Antarctic continent, the islands of the Pacific Ocean, and the American northwest coast. In total, some 280 islands of the Pacific and adjacent waters and 800 miles of streams and coasts in the Oregon country were surveyed and 1600 miles of the coast of Antarctica were charted” – Hill. Perhaps the expedition’s most notable achievements were the extensive survey of the American northwest coast and the exploration of the Antarctic coast, which finally proved “the existence of the seventh continent. Equally important, the Expedition collected and described natural history specimens from all parts of the globe – specimens that eventually came to the fledgling Smithsonian Institution, making it the National Museum of the United States. In a wider sense, the Expedition led to the emergence of the United States as a naval and scientific power with worldwide interests” (Magnificent Voyagers, p.9). The publication of Wilkes’ narrative is complex, though well described by Haskell in his bibliography of the expedition’s publications. The first issue of the first edition (Haskell 1), called by Haskell the “official edition,” was published in November or December 1844, appeared in quarto format, with the title bearing the imprint of the printer, Sherman, and dated 1844. Only 100 copies of this issue were authorized and ordered by Congress, of which twenty-five were destroyed in a fire. This original “official” issue was almost exclusively used for presentation to states and foreign governments and is virtually never seen on the market: “virtually all copies are in institutional libraries” (Rosove). In January 1845, Wilkes, who had retained the copyright for his narrative (“to protect my reputation, being unwilling that a garbled edition should be printed by others”) had published the first “unofficial” edition (Haskell 2A). This quarto edi- tion is identical in every respect to the first official edition, with the exception of a change in wording to the half title (i.e. without “By authority of Congress”), with the title bearing the date 1845, and with Lea and Blanchard’s imprint on the title recto with Sherman’s imprint moved to the verso. Only 150 copies of this issue were printed, which according to Wilkes was “for the purpose of presentation to my friends and for sale to those who should desire a book of that size.” Wilkes would retain for presentation twenty-five copies of this issue, while a further twenty-five sets were used to replace copies of the “official” issue destroyed by fire; the remain- ing 100 were available for sale [present set]. In the same year as the first “unofficial” issue, an edition of 1000 copies was published for wider, more public distribution (Haskell 2B). This issue appeared in large octavo format and with the text completely reset in smaller type, with some textual changes. It is this edition of the narrative which is generally encountered in today’s marketplace. Each of the above issues were accompanied by an atlas. Haskell lists four issues or editions of the atlas: three corresponding to the above three issues (Haskell 16, quarto “official” issue, 100 copies printed; Haskell 17A, quarto “unofficial” issue, 150 copies printed; Haskell 17B, imperial octavo “unofficial” issue, 1000 copies printed); and the fourth (Haskell 18), and perhaps the rarest, bearing a London imprint (as in the present example). Haskell records but one known copy of this London issue. HILL 1866. HOWES W414, “b.” HASKELL 2A (text), 18 (atlas). ROSOVE 353.A2. SPENCE 1262. TWENEY, WASHINGTON 83. $32,500. Standard Edition

92. Wilkes, Charles: NARRATIVE OF THE UNITED STATES EX- PLORING EXPEDITION. DURING THE YEARS 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Philadelphia: Lea and Blanchard, 1845. Five text volumes plus atlas. Plates and maps. Imperial octavo. Original gilt cloth, text volumes and atlas expertly rebacked, retaining original backstrips; new endpapers. Occasional minor soiling of boards, several corners and edges worn. Slight age-toning (particularly at outer edges), occasional instances of light foxing and soiling, else internally very clean. Three maps in atlas torn at folds and detached from volume, two other maps with a few clean tears, one map with 1 x 4-inch tear in upper corner (slightly affecting printed area). A good set.

This is the first regularly available trade edition of the narrative of the expedition, preceded only by the extremely rare official edition and the further printing of 150 copies made for gifts. The Wilkes expedition was the first United States scientific expedition by sea, working mainly in the Pacific Ocean. Wilkes sailed along the Antarctic continent and throughout the islands of the South Pacific, visited the Hawaiian Islands in 1840, and explored the northwest coast of America in 1841. The expedition was made up of a number of notable American scientists, and their botanical, natural history, and geological findings are included. HOWES W414, “aa.” STREETER SALE 3324. TWENEY 89, 83. HILL 1867. TAXONOMIC LITERATURE 17646. HASKELL 2B. SABIN 103994. FORBES HAWAII 1574. ROSOVE ANT- 353. FERGUSON 4209. COWAN, p.683. $6500.

An American Navy Cruise in the Mediterranean

93. [U.S.S. Delaware]: Storer, Robert B.: [MANUSCRIPT LOG OF THE U.S.S. DELAWARE, KEPT BY ROBERT STORER, DUR- ING HER FINAL CRUISE HOME FROM THE MEDITERRA- NEAN]. [Various places]. Jan. 1 – March 22, 1844. 62pp. Quarto. Original brown cloth. Cloth moderately soiled and stained. Light dampstaining to some of the text. About very good.

Manuscript log book of the U.S.S. Delaware, kept by seaman Robert B. Storer dur- ing the ship’s final voyage. The U.S.S. Delaware was launched in October 1820. She spent most of her active duty cruising in the Mediterranean, where she served in the interests of American commerce and diplomacy in that area, though she also spent several years stationed in Brazil, patrolling the coasts of Brazil, , and Argentina to represent American interests during political unrest in those countries. She began her final voyage to the Mediterranean in February 1843, setting out from Rio de Janeiro. This log covers the last three months of the Delaware’s active service, documenting her return voyage from the Mediterranean to Norfolk. She arrived home in March 1844, and was still at the naval yard in 1861, when she was set afire with other U.S. ships in order to keep them from falling into Confederate hands. The log begins with the ship at anchor in Mahon harbor, off Minorca in the Mediterranean. Storer keeps details of provisioning the ship and readying to sail for first twelve days of January. As is standard with ship’s logs, he records speeds, winds, and weather conditions, as well as the positioning of the sails. Everyday events such as inspecting the crew or holding “divine service” on Sundays are noted, as are sightings of other ships’ sails and exchanging colors with passing vessels. The Delaware sights the coast of Spain and moves into the Atlantic around the third week in January; on February 2, crew member Jacob Lawrence, a marine, dies (though Storer does not say from what), and his funeral service is held the next day, and Lawrence’s body is committed to the deep. Also of note, the Delaware investigates a wreck on Feb. 15:

At 7.45 hauled up the courses, hauled down the jib and laid the main and mizen topsails to the , and sent a boat to board the wreck. At 8.15 the boat returned from the wreck; discovered her to be the English Hermaphrodite Brig “Halifax” of “Halifax,” loaded with lumber, water logged and foremast sawed off, nothing living on board.

The rest of the voyage is uneventful and relatively smooth, and the Delaware sights the Cape Henry lighthouse on March 4th. The last few days are recorded as the ship is anchored at Hampton Roads, including a salute to the passing of former Secretary of the Navy Thomas Gilmer, who died on February 28th. $3250.

Watercolors on the Cruise of the U.S.S. Constitution in Asian Waters, 1845

94. [Dale, John B.]: [SKETCHES OF A CRUISE AROUND THE WORLD IN THE U.S. FRIGATE CONSTITUTION DURING THE YEARS 1844, 1845, & 1846]. [Various places in , Macao, China, and the Philippines, as described below]. 1845. Thirty-four pencil, ink and wash, or watercolor sketches on thirty sheets, as described below. On 30 sheets (27 sheets with one drawing, 1 sheet with three drawings, 2 sheets with drawings on recto and verso; sheet sizes: 9 3/4 x 15 5/8 inches and smaller). Each drawing hinged at the corners to larger sheets of grey wove paper and mounted on card. Each captioned by Dale at the lower portion of the image, or on a small sheet affixed below the image. 19th-century red morocco, covers with a large central panel in blue morocco, bordered with a wide gilt triple fillet, spines in six compartments with raised bands, lettered in the second compartment, the others with a repeat decoration in gilt, silk moire endpapers, a.e.g. Very good. [See front cover of this catalogue for illustration]

An outstanding collection of sketches and watercolors by Lieutenant John B. Dale of the United States Navy, depicting scenes and events in China and Vietnam (then called Cochin) during the U.S.S. Constitution’s circumnavigation in the mid-1840s. Dale was an experienced sailor and a talented artist, and his images are a wonderful depiction of Asia through the eyes of a 19th-century American. The illustrations show Vietnamese and Chinese soldiers and ships, citizens in everyday activities, religious shrines, and even tourist attractions. Several of the drawings were done when the Constitution was in Cochin negotiating the release of an imprisoned French missionary, an episode that involved the taking of native hostages by the Americans. Others depict Chinese people in a variety of endeavors, including boat-women, a linguist, and a Chinese agent of foreign merchants. The illustrations provide fine firsthand evidence of an important American encounter with Asia in the 1840s. Lieutenant John B. Dale was born in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1814 and appointed a midshipman in the United States Navy in 1829. He was one of three artists assigned to the United States Exploring Expedition, the pioneering scientific exploration commanded by Charles Wilkes that lasted from 1838 to 1842. During that voyage Dale butted heads with the famously irascible Wilkes several times, and was sent home half-way through the expedition. Nonetheless, many of Dale’s drawings appear in the official published account of the expedition. He was married in 1840 and had two sons. From 1844 to 1846, Dale was a member of the crew of the U.S.S. Constitution (“Old Ironsides”) during its circumnavigation of the globe. Dale died in Lebanon in 1848, while on duty in the Mediterranean as part of the Lynch Expedition. Dale’s manuscript journal of his cruise aboard the Constitution is in the collection of the New England Historical Genealogical Society. The Constitution departed New York for its round-the-world cruise in May 1844. The orders received by its commander, the sixty-five year-old Captain John “Mad Jack” Percival, were to check on the safety of American merchants, to look for potential future coaling stations, survey new waters, and to show the flag. The ship first went to Brazil, and then sailed east around the Cape of Good Hope and into the Indian Ocean, before stopping at Madagascar. The Constitution then sailed to Mozambique and Zanzibar, and was in sight of Sumatra by January 1, 1845. She went from there to Singapore, where many members of the crew, including Capt. Percival, regained their health, and the ship’s stores were replenished. On May 10, 1845, the ship reached Tourane Bay (called “Turon” by Dale) in Cochin China, now known as Da Nang, Vietnam. The majority of Dale’s drawings and watercolors collected here are from this period and the months following, as the Constitution visited Vietnam, China, and the Philippines. While in Cochin, Dale went into the city several times, and officers from the Constitution were involved in coming to the aid of a French missionary who had been arrested and was condemned to death for his work. This resulted in several days of tension, as Captain Percival and his officers confronted local Cochin officials, demanding the release of the missionary and his followers. As leverage, Percival took three Cochin war junks prisoner, and one of Dale’s drawings shows a “Cochin-Chinese Mandarin [held] Prisoner on board.” Two other drawings show Cochin war junks. A lovely watercolor shows a Cochin raft covered by religious offerings “sent upon the water by the Cochin Chinese...when threatened with bombardment by the Frigate Constitution.” From Cochin the Constitution sailed to China, reaching Macao on June 5th. The ship spent three months in Chinese waters, sailing inland on rivers, calling on government officials, addressing the needs of American merchants, and dealing with increasing levels of sickness that resulted in the deaths of several sailors. In early September the ship sailed for the Philippines, the final Asian destination de- picted in Dale’s drawings and watercolors. It was here that the Constitution came to the assistance of the British Squadron under Rear Admiral Thomas Cochrane, provisioning them with supplies and other necessities, an event also depicted by Dale in a handsome watercolor. Tyrone G. Martin, A Most Fortunate Ship. A Narrative History of Old Ironsides (Annapolis: Naval Insti- tute Press, 2003), pp.266-86. HOWGEGO P20. Sold

The Extraordinary Illustrated Diaries of an American Sailor, “Wicked Ned”

95. Marshall, David E.: a.k.a. “Wicked Ned”: [ILLUSTRATED JOUR- NALS OF AMERICAN SAILOR DAVID E. MARSHALL, WHO ALSO REFERRED TO HIMSELF AS “WICKED NED,” IN- CLUDING SCORES OF ILLUSTRATIONS OF HIS TRAVELS AROUND THE WORLD, AS WELL AS POETRY, SAILING IN- STRUCTIONS, PRACTICAL ADVICE, AND MUCH MORE]. [Various places. ca. 1845-1865]. Collection includes three folio volumes, a lengthy manuscript on folio sheets, and two smaller sketchbooks. Hundreds of pages of text. More than 200 total ink and watercolor, ink and wash, or pencil illustrations (see details below). Three bound volumes in contemporary bind- ings of half leather and marbled boards, one binding covered with sailcloth. Bindings with expected wear, but quite clean internally. Smaller sketchbooks unbound and with wear to outer leaves, but clean internally. Very good overall. [See rear cover of this catalogue for another illustration]

A truly remarkable collection of illustrated journals created by an American sailor, David E. Marshall of Connecticut, filled with outstanding colored illustrations of his voyages and adventures. Marshall had an incredibly creative mind, and developed an alternate persona for himself, “Ned Cleaveland,” a.k.a. “Wicked Ned,” who becomes the protagonist of some of Marshall’s more outlandish deeds, as recounted in these volumes. Marshall was also a very talented draftsman, and this collection is a marvelous illustrated journal of an American sailor’s life at sea in the mid-19th century. The illustrations in these volumes are simply splendid, the work of an accom- plished amateur artist. Marshall’s drawings are wonderful depictions of his service in the American Navy, on privateering vessels, and on whaleships, and also of his adventures around New England. There are well over two hundred illustrations in all, the majority of them full-page and in color. Heavily represented are views of Marshall’s travels as a sailor, with illustrations and views of ports and cities in South America, the Pacific (including Tahiti and Hawaii) the Arctic, the British Isles, and scenes around the Ameri- can Northeast, including his native Connecticut. Several of the illustrations show Marshall’s whaling adventures, including vibrant scenes of whale hunting, while many others are beautiful depictions of sailing vessels. Taken as a whole, Marshall’s wide-ranging text becomes a series of interlinked stories re- counting his adventures over a span of some twenty years, and ultimately explaining what he considers to be his repeated fail- ure to make a success of him- self. Included are narratives and poems regarding Marshall’s life aboard military vessels and a whaler; a description of an in- cident involving the privateer, America, at Rio de Janeiro; ex- periences in Hawaii; recipes for paint and brightwork cleaning; instructions on how to keep a log; thoughts on the Civil War, missionaries, temperance, and hypocrisy; and thousands of lines of poetry, from mini-epics to brief fragments. There is also a manuscript of some 10,000 words, written aboard a Union on the Mississippi River during the Civil War. Of special note are two versions of a 600-line poem about Marshall’s whaling voy- age around the world on the ship, Henry. Among the most interesting aspects of Marshall’s prose and poetry is his creation of the “Wicked Ned” alter ego, a sort of “evil twin” of Marshall, who spills blood as a privateersman, romances and abandons women, causes chaos ashore, swears to mend his ways, but ultimately returns to his rough and rowdy life. Little is known of David E. Marshall beyond the information he gives us in these volumes. He seems to have been born around 1807 in Milford, Connecticut, and in another volume he copies what appears to be his will, dated 1865, writing that he was born in Milford, and that he still resides there. Marshall continues his double identity in this document, asserting that he is also the “Edward Cleaveland herewith subscribed.” Marshall served in the United States Navy aboard the U.S.S. Raritan and the U.S.S. Savannah, and also on a Union gunboat on the Mississippi during the Civil War. He was also a sailor on the whaleship, Henry, which sailed out of Sag Harbor, and served aboard a privateer and various merchant vessels.

In his 1881 book, Recollections of Curious Characters and Pleasant Places, author and traveller Charles Lanman includes a chapter called “A Story of a Modern Mariner,” which is a first-person account of the life of Lanman’s friend, David Marshall, though in the book he refers to himself as “Tom Cleaveland.” Lanman concludes the chapter by writing that “‘Cleaveland’ was himself his worst enemy.” Adding another dimension to this curious life story, a published print is located at Princeton University, entitled “U.S. Frigate Savannah. struck by a heavy Squall when entering the Harbor of Rio de Janeiro, between the hours of 7 & 8, on the evening of July 5th 1856.” The illustration was published by Endicott and Company of New York, and is identified as being “drawn by Wicked Ned.” Marshall was, in fact, a sailor aboard the Savannah and was on the ship when it visited Rio in 1856. The contents of the various volumes are as follow:

1) Bound folio volume, titled in manuscript, David E. Marshall of Milford Conn. [205] pp. total, including 101 illustrations, most of them full-page and almost all of them colored. A second manuscript titlepage reads: Works of Ned Cleaveland. The illustration on the first titlepage is of Poseidon sitting upon a rock, while an American eagle, arrows and olive branches in its talons, flies past in the background. The second illustration in the volume shows a woman, perhaps Columbia, atop a sea serpent. This volume includes a version of Marshall’s long poem of his whaling ad- ventures, entitled “Whaleing [sic] Voyage on the ‘North West’ in the Henry of Sag Harbor in 1846, 46 & 47 by ‘Wicked Ned.’” The tone of the poem varies, from elegiac to wistful to enthusiastic. Marshall writes: And now farewell my dear Sag Harbor girls, for I must bid you all a long adieu as I am bound, a cruise around the world in the Ship Henry. She’s a whaleman too. I’ve had enough of shore. This weary bout I’ve frollicked very hard indeed likewise so let old women loudly rant and rout about the man who madly drinks, and dies. The times are hard and money very scarce good folks on shore all seem so wondrous sad; To stay on shore would be a foolish farce while on the North West right whale may be had. The text of the poem gives details of the voyage, occurrences on board, ship, and the hunt for whales. Other texts in this volume include sailing instructions, a poem written on board the Raritan and another entitled “Farewell to Cape Horn,” as well as verses regarding military battles, including that at Churubusco during the Mexican-American War. The illustrations in this volume include scenes of Marshall’s whaling voy- age, including a striking illustration of “Monganuea” (i.e. Mount Maunganui, New Zealand), and views of whale hunting. There is also a color illustration of “Lobos Island” (apparently in the Galapagos), done while Marshall was a crew member of the U.S.S. Raritan in 1852. There are a number of riverside and seaside views, including views of Tobago, Panama, Puna, Callao, San Lorenzo at Chagres, Table Mountain on the Cape of Good Hope, and a lovely view of St. Thomas. Several of the views are in and around New England, including a view of the coast of Milford, Connecticut, another along the Housatonic River, near Milford, and a political cartoon entitled “The Present Days of New England.” There are also several portraits of figures Marshall encountered, and much more.

2) Bound folio volume, titled in manuscript Sketchbook of David E. Marshall. [256] pp. total, including ninety-nine illustrations, most of them colored and many of them full-page. This volume also begins with allegorical watercolors of the United States, represented by the figure of Columbia. As with the previous volume, it is filled with text and illustrations describing and depicting Marshall’s travels. The texts in this volume are as wide-ranging as in the previous, and include another version of Marshall’s poem about his whaling voyage aboard the Henry. In one stanza he describes a stop in the Pacific to refill their stores: Now we arrived at Wy-ta-taks fair isle to get our fruit and pumpkins and sour lime, while oranges and lemons made our crew to smile and then we fill’d away for far Northwestern climes, on Mellus banks our sail took in by night stood quarter watches through the darkened gloom hoping next day to see a fish and fight and kill a whale amidst the white sea foam. Another poem is entitled “Last words to the Dead” and was written in Valparaiso in 1851. A long essay entitled “Reminiscences of By-Gone Times” gives a his- tory of Marshall’s life through approximately his first forty years. He writes: As at present I have nothing more profitable to do I shall endeavour to give a description of some parts of my life which otherwise might roll away into oblivion when I am forgotten myself. I am now at the noontide of life and full three quarters of that time have been spent in the service of daddy Neptune. And one half at least has been expended in ploughing up his blue and poetic fields; on board of different ships under different commanders and different employs. And to sum the whole in a small space I can say I have served in vessels from a clam boat to a seventy-four, have been in all capacities in the merchant service, from cook to Captain.... Marshall follows with a lengthy narration, some thirty-seven folio pages long, recounting his adventures at sea. This volume is also filled with marvelous and accomplished illustrations, most of them colored. Foremost is a dramatic colored illustration of a whale hunt, with blood spurting from the whale’s blowhole. There is also a dramatic colored illustration of the wreck of the Steamer Independence at Margarita Island off the coast of Venezuela on February 16, 1853. Other views include Sugar Loaf Mountain at Rio de Janeiro, Praya Grande in Brazil, a view of the east side of Maunganui Bay in New Zealand, Payta in Peru, Capetown, three views of Tahiti, three views of Valparaiso, as well as views of Madagascar, Marshall’s island, Callao, and illustrations of naval flags of various nations. In the United States there are illustrations of Niagara Falls, Connecticut and Long Island, sailing ships, the Bunker Hill Monument, Stratford Harbor, a view of Sutter’s Fort in California, and a drawing of “Culloma” showing the area near Sutter’s Fort where James Marshall discovered gold in January 1848.

3) Bound folio volume, including sailing rules and regulations, poetry, jounals, and tales. [135]pp. total, including twenty-eight illustrations, most of them full-page. The text of this volume includes directions for keeping a sailing log, instruc- tions on how to polish brightwork, an essay written “At Sea” in October 1856 describing a near-violent encounter between the “suspected privateer America” and a British ship, and another essay regarding life on board a privateer. Twelve pages of manuscript (accompanied by several illustrations) give an account of a few weeks of Marshall’s experiences in the summer of 1856 on board the U.S.S. Savannah at Rio de Janeiro. There is also an essay on the Sandwich Islands and the missionaries there, and Marshall’s assessment of what he sees as their hypo- critical views. Illustrations include Arctic scenes, a view of Trinidad, illustrations off the coast of Brazil, views around Connecticut, and more.

4) Manuscript on loose folio sheets of ruled paper. 47pp. Plus a full-page colored illustrations of a sailor. The first page of the manuscript is datelined: “On board U.S. Ship ‘Lampero’ River Mississippi Nov. 19, 1862.” Other entries are dated February 9th and 25th, 1863. Marshall’s essay is a long, rambling disquisition on American history up to that point, the causes of the outbreak of the Civil War and the morality of the argument on both sides of the conflict. While not espousing particular pro-slavery views, he heaps scorn on Northern Abolitionists for bringing the Union to a state of Civil War. For Marshall, the abolitionists are of a piece with temperance advocates and other moralists, and he holds no sympathy for them:

The determination of the Abolitionists, Temperance, and other fanatics to prosecute the present contest to extermination of all who oppose them, the tremendous debt which they have imposed upon the country and suicidal and foolish transactions in Army & Navy have at length aroused the Sons of the States west of the Mississippi, and ere long we shall without doubt hear that they too have seceded and left poor Yankeedom in possession of all the glory.

5) Small sketchbook of tied-together leaves (not bound), containing text and pencil illustrations on a total of [117]pp.

6) Small sketchbook of tied-together leaves (not bound), containing text and pencil illustrations on a total of [22]pp. This sketchbook and the one before it include manuscript text and pencil illustrations, including sketches and details of faces, architectural ornaments, ships, and weapons, navigational tools, landscapes, etc. The text is mostly comprised of poetry and anonymous letters.

An outstanding collection of illustrated travel manuscripts from an American sailor who was a talented artist, and who was also possessed of a fertile and imaginative mind. Through his art, prose, and poetry, David Marshall, a.k.a. “Wicked Ned,” provides us with an enthralling view of his life and the world. http://blogs.princeton.edu/graphicarts/2009/07/drawn_by_wicked_ned.html $80,000.

The Navy in the Mexican War: Watercolors by an Officer on the U.S.S. Constitution

96. [Dale, John B.]: [SEVEN DRAWINGS AND WATERCOLORS OF MEXICO AND MEXICANS, FROM THE U.S.S. CONSTI- TUTION SKETCHBOOKS OF UNITED STATES NAVY LIEU- TENANT JOHN B. DALE]. [Mazatlán, Mexico. 1846]. Seven sketches in pencil, ink, wash, and/or watercolor, on eight sheets, as described below. Sketches 2-7 matted. In very good to fine condition, with any defects noted below. Laid in a cloth clamshell case.

A series of attractive sketches, including two handsome watercolors, by U.S. Navy Lieutenant John B. Dale of the U.S.S. Constitution. Dale, a career naval officer, was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, and died on an expedition to Palestine in 1848. He was one of three artists assigned to the United States Exploring Expedi- tion commanded by Charles Wilkes, the U.S. Navy’s pioneering scientific voyage, conducted between 1838 and 1842. Many of his drawings appear in the official published account of that expedition. From 1844 to 1846, Dale served as a lieu- tenant on board the U.S.S. Constitution during its circumnavigation of the globe. His manuscript journal of this cruise is held in the collection of the New England Historic Genealogical Society. The Constitution, known affectionately as “Old Ironsides” since the War of 1812, was commanded by Captain John “Mad Jack” Percival on its 1844-46 cruise. Its orders were to check on the safety of American merchants, look for potential future coaling stations, survey new waters, and show the flag at ports around the world. After a three-year tour of the south Atlantic, Indian Ocean, and the Pacific, the Constitution was ordered back to North America as the U.S. began preparing for war with Mexico in late 1845. She arrived at Mazatlán, Mexico on January 13, 1846, and remained there for three months, leaving a short time before war erupted. The present drawings and watercolors by Dale include panoramas of the Mazatlán bay and charming figures and scenes of everyday life in the town and surrounding area. They are as follow:

1) “Mazatlan – March 1846 – Suns up.” Pencil on paper, 11 x 15¾ inches, laid down on a second sheet. Minor chips at edges, with no significant effect to image. Very good. A sketch of Mazatlan town and bay, with several Mexican figures walking and conversing in the foreground. 2) “Old saw-mill, Mazatlan.” Ink on paper, 11¾ x 14½ inches, laid down on a second sheet. Minor chips at edges, not affecting image. Very good. A sketch of a trail at the water’s edge, with a saw mill in the background and figures conversing in the foreground. 3) “Tortillas, and Love-Making, in Mexico.” Watercolor on paper, 10¾ x 8¾ inches, captioned on a second slip of paper. Fine. A scene of woman rolling tortilla dough and exchanging a glance with a smoking caballero beside her. 4) “Cactus tree on the Creston – Mazatlan. Apr. 1846.” Watercolor on paper, 11½ x 8 inches, laid down on a second sheet. Fine. A view of a gentleman, holding a and a parasol, standing between a pair of tall cactus trees. 5) “Mexican Rancho.” Ink, pencil, and wash on paper, 11 x 14½ inches, laid down on a second sheet. Minor chips at edges, not affecting image. Near fine. A scene of adobe and thatched-roof homes, with a couple leaning out of a window and watching a ranchero speak with cavalry soldiers. 6) “Mexicans.” Pencil on paper, two sheets approximately 4¾ x 2¾ inches each, cap- tioned on a third slip of paper. Near fine. A pair of small sketches of Mexican peasants, one man, one woman. 7) “View of Mazatlan.” Ink on paper, 2¾ x 9½ inches, laid down on a second sheet. Ink faint and faded, else very good. A sketch of an American vessel sailing in Mazatlán Bay.

HOWGEGO P20. $30,000. The U.S. Navy Pacific Squadron Captures Mazatlán in 1847, Depicted by Its Most Famous Artist

97. [Meyers, William H.]: MAZATLAN, WAS TAKEN BY THE U.S. PACIFIC SQUADRON, COMMODORE WM. BRANFORD SHU- BRICK, NOV. 12th, 1847 [manuscript caption title]. [Np. ca. 1847]. Gouache and pencil on paper, 11 x 18½ inches. Some flaking of the blue paint in the water. 4½-inch horizontal closed tear in right portion of the image. Overall, very good. Matted, and in a modern frame.

A detailed, colorful, and accomplished painting of the American capture of Mazatlán during the Mexican-American War. William H. Meyers, a gunner on board the U.S.S. Dale, produced some of the most significant artwork illustrating the fight- ing in California and on the west coast of Mexico. A collection of his drawings, owned by Franklin Roosevelt, was published in 1939. The present work was not a part of that collection but is clearly part of the same series. Original artwork from the Mexican-American War is rarely available. In the preface to the 1939 publication of the Meyers sketchbook that he owned, Roosevelt wrote:

By means of Meyers’ realistic sketches...we are enabled to follow the epic naval conquest of California with an understanding which has heretofore been impos- sible. He participated in many of the scenes depicted, and for the others had the privilege of discussion with eye-witnesses. There seems to have been no facile pen among the handful of bold, hard-bitten husky sailors, marines, soldiers and frontiersmen who won that empire for us. No doubt pen and paper were scarce in that primitive region. Complicated war operations scattered through a thousand miles of virgin coast and country gave little opportunity for writing or sketching. Thus the very dearth of adequate contemporary literature adds much to the historical value of Gunner Meyers’ brush.

The capture of Mazatlán, on the west coast of Mexico, was a important American victory during the Mexican-American War. The most active Mexican port on the West Coast, Mazatlán was strategically important as an information link to the East Coast, and was a major supply base for Mexican forces. The port was captured by naval forces led by Commodore William Shubrick commanding his ship, Independence, assisted by the United States ships Congress and Cyane. At the time that Mazatlán was captured, the U.S.S. Dale, on which William Meyers served, was patrolling off the coast of Guaymas, some 560 miles to the north. As Roosevelt noted, for the scenes that Meyers did not witness personally (such as this one), he relied on eyewitness testimony for his paintings. This painting is dominated by Shubrick’s flagship, the Independence, with a number of smaller rowboats behind it. The buildings and hills of Mazatlán stretch the length of the image beyond the ship, and a number of individuals can be seen along the beach and on the waterfront. Several of the buildings fly various flags, demonstrating the importance of Mazatlán as a port. William H. Meyers (b. 1815) went to sea aboard a trading vessel to the West Indies in 1838 and also worked as a civilian in ordinance at the . In 1841 he joined the United States Navy as a gunner, and was assigned to the U.S.S. Cyane. He served under Commodore , taking part in the presumptive American seizure of Monterey in 1842. During the Mexican-American War, Meyers served as gunner on the U.S.S. Dale, and participated in many naval and land battles on the coast of Mexico and California. Due to ill health Meyers resigned from the Navy in 1848, and worked at the naval laboratory in Washington, DC. Meyers was an untrained but accomplished and prolific artist and he made a number of sketches and paintings during his career of naval service in the 1840s. Franklin Roosevelt owned one of Meyers’ original sketchbooks, containing fifty- four drawings of scenes during the Mexican-American War. Twenty-eight of those sketches were published by Random House in 1939 in a volume printed by the Grabhorn Press in an edition of 1000 copies, and with an introduction by Roosevelt and a historical narrative by Captain Dudley W. Knox. Roosevelt’s sketchbook is part of the collection at the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Presidential Library in Hyde Park, New York. Meyers also made sketches of his 1841-44 cruise in the Pacific aboard the U.S.S. Cyane, several of which were published in 1955 in a volume also printed by the Grabhorn Press. The Bancroft Library at the University of California owns a painting by Meyers of “The Taking of Monterey on October 20, 1842,” created during Meyers’ service on the Cyane. The present view of Mazatlán being taken by the U.S. Pacific Squadron in 1847 was part of an exhibition at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art in 1976. An attractive painting of an important American naval victory during the Mexican-American War. HUGHES, ARTISTS IN CALIFORNIA II:378. $30,000.

The Establishment of American Military Government in California in 1847

98. [California]: Shubrick, William B., and Stephen W. Kearny: CIR- CULAR. TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN. BE IT KNOWN. THAT THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, DESIR- OUS TO GIVE AND SECURE TO THE PEOPLE OF CALI- FORNIA A SHARE OF THE GOOD GOVERNMENT AND HAPPY CIVIL ORGANIZATION ENJOYED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES...HAS INVESTED THE UNDER- SIGNED WITH SEPARATE AND DISTINCT POWERS, CIVIL AND MILITARY...[caption title and beginning of text]. Monterey, Ca. March 1, 1847. Broadside, 9½ x 8½ inches. Text in English and Spanish in double columns. Faint old folds. Near fine. In a cloth chemise and slipcase, gilt morocco label.

A rare and important broadside, issued in the wake of the American conquest of California during the Mexican-American War, and establishing the civil and military authority of the United States. Fighting between American and Mexican forces in California commenced in the summer of 1846, shortly after news of the outbreak of the Mexican-American War reached the Pacific Coast. In January 1847 the Treaty of Cahuenga was signed, by which the Mexican “Californios” capitulated and agreed to put down their resistance to the Americans. California was formally ceded to the United States by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, but in the interim the United States began to establish its civil and military authority in California. That was the purpose of the important announcement in this broadside. The text declares that President James K. Polk is “desirous to give and secure to the People of California a share of the good government and happy civil organization enjoyed by the People of the United States, and to protect them at the same time, from the attacks of foreign foes, and from internal commotions.” The inference, of course, is that the Mexican authorities were either unable or unwilling to guarantee these blessings, but that the benevolent protection of the United States would. Polk proclaims that William B. Shubrick, commander-in-chief of the American naval forces, would be in charge of regulating the import trade and establishing port regulations. Brigadier General Stephen Watts Kearny is named governor of Cali- fornia, “invested...with administrative functions of government over the People and Territory occupied by the forces of the United States,” and is assigned the “direction of the operations on land.” Wagner notes that while this broadside is dated March 1, it was not actually issued until March 4. The text of this broadside was printed in The Californian on March 6, and in the California Star two weeks after that. OCLC and Greenwood together locate a total of four copies, at the Bancroft Library, California State Library, the Huntington Library, and Yale. GREENWOOD 87. FAHEY 77. WAGNER, CALIFORNIA IMPRINTS 5. OCLC 17356933, 79724678. $30,000.

99. [Mexican-American War]: Read, George C., Commander: [MAN- USCRIPT LETTER, SIGNED BY U.S. NAVY COMMODORE GEORGE CAMPBELL READ AT CAPE VERDE OFF THE WEST COAST OF AFRICA, TO THE SECRETARY OF THE U.S. LEGATION AT MADRID, REGARDING THE NEED TO GUARD AMERICAN COMMERCE IN THE ATLANTIC AGAINST MEXICAN PRIVATEERS DURING THE MEXICAN- AMERICAN WAR]. Porto Praya, Cape Verde. May 31, 1847. [2]pp. on a folio sheet. Docketed on the bottom of the second page. Old folds. Leaf strengthened with tissue along left edge. A few small closed slits in the sheet, and a chip in the upper right corner, not affecting text. Good. In a folding cloth box, gilt leather label.

A very interesting letter from the commander of the United States Navy’s African squadron stationed at Cape Verde, regarding the threat to American shipping from Mexican-hired privateers during the Mexican-American War. Commodore George C. Read writes the secretary of the United States legation in Madrid, assessing the danger posed by English or Spanish privateers, and the U.S. Navy resources avail- able to combat the potential threat. The letter, in a secretarial hand, is signed by George Campbell Read, com- mander of the U.S.S. United States and of the U.S. Navy’s African Squadron. Read (1788-1862) had a long and distinguished naval career. He joined the crew of the U.S.S. Constitution in 1806, first serving under the command of his uncle, Capt. Hugh G. Campbell, and then as a lieutenant under Commodore during the War of 1812. Read also served under Commodore Stephen Decatur when the U.S.S. United States defeated H.M.S. Macedonian. Read rose steadily through the ranks and took command of the Constitution in 1825. After several years at the Philadelphia Naval School he was put in command of the African Squadron from 1846 to 1847, the period in which this letter was written. Read later com- manded the Mediterranean Squadron, and was promoted to Rear Admiral in 1862, a month before his death. Read’s letter is in response to a January 31, 1847 letter from J.C. Reynolds, which was addressed to “the officer in command of any armed vessel of the U. States.” Reynolds had apparently sent out a message to all the captains of Navy vessels in the Atlantic, warning them that the Mexican government may be trying to hire European privateers to harass and capture American shipping during the Mexican- American War. Read, whose ship was anchored at Cape Verde, off the west coast of Africa, wrote in response. He notes that he has been directed to send the sloop of war Marion to Gibraltar in response to Reynolds’ concerns. He writes, however, that “the ‘Marion’ is by no means fit to cruize [sic] for privateers. This vessel has become very foul from the length of time it has been kept on the coast of Africa; but it is the only cruizer [sic] we have on this station that can, with propriety be employed for such service.” A very interesting letter from the commander of the U.S. Navy’s African squad- ron, discussing a little-considered aspect of the Mexican-American War. $1500.

100. Revere, Joseph W.: A TOUR OF DUTY IN CALIFORNIA; IN- CLUDING A DESCRIPTION OF THE GOLD REGION: AND AN ACCOUNT OF A VOYAGE AROUND CAPE HORN...AND THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS ATTENDING THE CONQUEST OF THE . New York. 1849. [12],305pp. plus six lithographic plates, folding map, and [6]pp. of ads. Original brown stamped cloth, spine gilt. Slight wear around extremities, cloth somewhat faded. Light foxing. A few contemporary and later manuscript marginalia. Very good. In a folding cloth box and half morocco slipcase, spine gilt.

“One of the most valuable books of the period” – Cowan. The author, the grandson of Paul Revere, was a U.S. naval officer with the Pacific squadron, and an observer of and participant in the events of the American military conquest of California. He later travelled in California and went to Sutter’s Fort, which is illustrated in a charming lithograph. The map illustrates the harbor at San Francisco. Revere fell in love with California and eventually acquired a rancho near Sonoma, where he finally settled. “The book contains valuable chapters on land laws and land titles, as well as the complete report of Col. Mason on the gold fields” – Zamorano 80. HOWES R222, “aa.” GRAFF 3474. WHEAT GOLD RUSH 165. HILL 1439. ZAMORANO 80, 63. SABIN 70182. COWAN, p.530. KURUTZ 529. DAB XI, pp.46-47. $1250.

The First American Military Uniform Color Plate Book

101. [United States Army and Navy]: REGULATIONS FOR THE UNI- FORM & DRESS OF THE ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES. JUNE, 1851. FROM THE ORIGINAL TEXT AND DRAWINGS IN THE NAVY DEPARTMENT. Philadelphia: Published by William H. Hortsmann and Sons, [1851]. 13,[1]pp., plus twenty-five plates by P.S. Duval after G.C. Humphries (five printed in colors, six handcolored). Folio. Original grey paper-covered limp boards, blue/grey title label on upper cover, rebacked with green cloth. Extremities worn, corners rounded. Occasional small chips in margins of plates and first few leaves of text. Else very good. In a modern cloth box, leather label.

First edition of this rare color plate book recording the uniform and dress of the mid-19th-century United States Army. This work was published by William H. Hortsmann and Sons, “military furnishers” of Philadelphia; established in 1815, they were the country’s leading military outfitters throughout the 19th century and well into the 20th. The plates, drawn by G.C. Humphries, were presumably used by Hortsmann, in conjunction with the text, to explain to customers what they were entitled to wear, the official nature of the work being emphasized by the facsimile endorsements on each plate by the Adjutant General. The attractive plates are ably executed in lithography by P.S. Duval, one of the leading lithographic print- ers of the time. They consist of five chromolithographic images showing nineteen full-length views of various ranks and regiments within the U.S. Army; followed by sixteen plates of details of uniforms (four partially or completely handcolored); two plates of swords; and ending with colored plates of “horse furniture.” The text reprints the relevant regulations concerning the dress code for officers and enlisted men, including members of the topographical engineers, dragoons, and cadets. Not in Bennett or McGrath. COLAS 2520. SABIN 68957 (an apparent variant, with all 25 plates colored). $4250. A Surprisingly Rare Pacific Voyage

102. Colvocoresses, George M.: FOUR YEARS IN A GOVERNMENT EXPEDITION; TO THE ISLAND OF MADEIRA – CAPE VERDE ISLANDS – BRAZIL – COAST OF PATAGONIA – CHILI – PERU – PAUMATO GROUP – SOCIETY ISLANDS – NAVIGATOR GROUP – AUSTRALIA – ANTARCTIC CONTINENT – NEW ZEALAND – FRIENDLY ISLANDS – FEJEE GROUP – SAND- WICH ISLANDS – NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA – OR- EGON – CALIFORNIA.... New York: Cornish, Lamport & Co., 1852. 371pp. plus nineteen plates, including frontispiece (fourteen of the plates are included within pagination). [3]pp. publisher’s ads. Frontis. Original publisher’s blue cloth, stamped in blind, spine gilt. Cloth quite rubbed and worn, espe- cially at extremities. Contemporary ownership signature on front free endpaper. Scattered light foxing and staining. Good. This copy is Rosove’s variant “a,” in blue cloth and with the frontispiece titled.

“Colvocoresses, a naval officer, saw extensive service throughout the world, includ- ing taking part in the overland expedition of the Wilkes Expedition in 1841 from Vancouver Island to San Francisco. He was mysteriously murdered in Bridgeport, Connecticut, thirty years later” – Hill. His account, based on a journal he kept during his travels, is a most readable overview of the people, scenery, and events encountered by the Wilkes Expedition. Illustrated with many nice engravings of west coast scenes, whales, icebergs, the Hawaiian palm tree, the “Puebla of Los Angeles,” and many natural history subjects. This copy corresponds to Rosove’s variant “a” (among five identified variants), in blue cloth, with double-ruled borders around the text pages and plates, with the frontispiece titled and without a border. Colvocoresses’ account was very popular in its day, achieving five editions by 1855, but this is a surprisingly rare book in the first edition, one of the rarest of Wilkes Expedition narratives. HASKELL 115. GRAFF 844. HOWES C635. HILL 347. SABIN 14907. COWAN, p.138. RADER 878. SPENCE 310. ROSOVE 74.A1. $2750.

Presentation to Famed Western Pioneer J.W. Denver

103. Ringgold, Cadwallader: A SERIES OF CHARTS, WITH SAIL- ING DIRECTIONS, EMBRACING SURVEYS OF THE FARAL- LONES, ENTRANCE TO THE BAY OF SAN FRANCISCO... STATE OF CALIFORNIA.... Washington: Printed by Jno. T. Towers, 1852. 48pp. plus eight lithographic plates including frontispiece, and six fold- ing maps. Quarto. Original green cloth, elaborately decorated in gilt on front board. Cloth stained, front hinge neatly repaired. Old stain along gutter of titlepage/frontispiece, else generally quite clean internally. Three of the maps with long, closed splits, but with no loss. “Chart of Sacramento River” laid in. A good copy. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

A presentation copy, inscribed on the titlepage: “For Hon. J.W. Denver of California, with the respects of the author.” James William Denver (1817-92) was born in Virginia and served in the army during the Mexican War. He had a long and varied political career, serving as a member of the California State Senate in 1852-53, as California’s Secretary of State of from 1853 to 1855, and then as a U.S. Congressman from California in 1855-57. In 1852 he engaged in a duel with newspaper editor Edward Gilbert, during which Denver killed Gilbert. Denver went on to serve as secretary and governor of Kansas Territory in 1857-58. It was while governor of Kansas Territory that land speculator William Larimer named the western Kansas town of “Denver” after him (the city would become capital of the state of Colorado). During the Civil War, Denver was a general in the . This copy also bears the small, early bookplate of Theodore D. Judah of Sac- ramento on the front pastedown. Though it was published only a little more than a decade before his death, this would seem to be the engineer, Theodore D. Judah (1826-63), who launched the Central Pacific Railroad and was the driving force behind the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad. As chief engineer of the Central Pacific, he surveyed the route over the Sierra Nevada that that railroad would eventually take. He lobbied tirelessly in Washington, D.C. for funding for the Transcontinental Railroad, eventually bringing together the “Big Four” railroad barons who would make the project a reality. The “third edition, with additions,” after the first of 1851. Ringgold, a U.S. Navy officer, undertook the survey of the area from the Farallones to Sacramento at the request of a group of prominent San Franciscans, and this guide was utilized extensively during the peak years of the emigration and gold rush. The frontispiece is a view of San Francisco from Yerba Buena Island. The other plates show smaller, similar views of other areas, generally two to a plate. This edition was issued the year after the first. A copy with a remarkable provenance. HOWES R303. SABIN 71425. COWAN, p.534. KURUTZ 536d. HILL 1454. $4000.

Rare Image of Perry’s Landing

104. Severyn, Charles: THE AMERICAN EXPEDITION, UNDER COMMODORE PERRY, LANDING IN JAPAN. JULY 14th, 1853 [caption title]. New York: Hatch & Severyn, Lithographers and Printers; and published by George S. Appleton, 1853. Handcolored lithograph, 15½ x 21¼ inches. Neatly repaired tears in the upper portion of the image (in the sky). Lower margin shaved with loss to imprint, small abrasion near the imprint line. Good. Matted.

This quite rare and important image depicts the magnificent ceremonial entrance of Commodore Matthew Perry and his marines to the court of the Japanese imperial commissioners at Uraga, Japan, the historic first American landing on Japanese soil. The American journalist and poet, Bayard Taylor, an important civilian member of Perry’s expeditionary force (actually serving as “master mate” at Perry’s official order), ably describes the great scene in his caption for the print:

The officers comprising the Commodore’s escort formed a double line from the jetty and, as he passed between them, fell into the proper order behind him. He was received with the customary honors, and the procession immediately started for the place of reception. A stalwart boatswain’s mate was selected to bear the broad pennant of the Commodore, supported by two very tall and powerful negro seamen completely armed. Behind these, followed two sailor boys bearing the letter of the president, and the Commodore’s letter of credence in their sumptuous boxes, wrapped in scarlet cloth; then came the Commodore himself, with his staff and escort of officers. The marine force, a fine athletic body of men commanded by Major Gillen, with a detachment of the ‘Mississippi’ under Capt. Slack, led the way, and the corps of seamen from all the ships brought up the rear.

Charles Severyn, artist and lithographer, was a printmaker in New York circa 1845- 60s. He usually worked independently, but was occasionally employed by Currier & Ives, and sometimes partnered in lithographic firms, notably with Eliphat Brown (ca. 1851-53) and George W. Hatch (1853-54). Severyn’s image ably represents the pomp and excitement surrounding Perry’s landing. A very rare and important American historical print. PETERS, AMERICA ON STONE, p.363 (this image illustrated as plate 64). Who Was Who in American Art III, p.2979. GROCE & WALLACE, p.569. $11,000.

Original Watercolor by Edward M. Kern on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition

105. Kern, Edward M.: [ORIGINAL WATERCOLOR DRAWING: “THE DOCTOR, CANTON”]. Canton, China. April 1854. Watercolor drawing, 9 7/8 x 7 1/8 inches. Matted, in a gilt frame under glass. The image is signed: “The Doctor / Canton / April, 1854 / Kern delt.” Overall condi- tion is excellent.

A fine original watercolor drawing by the important American artist, Edward M. Kern. This drawing depicts three standing figures at Canton, including a doctor and a young boy. The men stand in a Canton street next to a child’s hobby-horse toy on wheels. The drawing was made while Kern served as artist and taxidermist on the North Pacific exploring expedition under Cadwalader Ringgold in 1853-56. This expedition, which was primarily a surveying and exploring voyage, set sail in June of 1853 for the Orient via the Cape of Good Hope and Batavia. While at Canton, Ringgold suffered a mental collapse and was replaced with Commander John Rodgers. The ships returned, via San Francisco and Cape Horn, to the New York Navy yard in the summer of 1856. Both Edward and his brother, Richard, are famous as important expeditionary artists in the American Southwest. $3000. Item 105.

A Japanese Scroll Depicting Perry’s Arrival in Japan

106. [Perry and the Opening of Japan]: [ JAPANESE ILLUSTRATED SCROLL WITH THREE 19th-CENTURY WATERCOLOR AND INK DRAWINGS DEPICTING OCEAN SAILING VESSELS, INCLUDING UNITED STATES COMMODORE MATTHEW PERRY’S ‘BLACK SHIP’ SHOWN WITH AMERICAN FLAG, BUILDING UP STEAM AND DISPLAYING FIRE POWER]. [ Japan. ca. 1854]. Three watercolor and ink drawings (one inscribed with Japanese text), conjoined and mounted on brown backing paper. Each draw- ing is approximately 10¾ x 14¾ inches. One additional panel with inscribed Japanese text, mounted at left end of scroll, approximately 10¾ x 12 inches. Japanese scroll, approximately 10¾ x 68 inches, with four conjoined panels (three with watercolors, one solely with text), and additional blank panels at both ends. Left end of scroll wrapped around small tube. Right end of scroll backed with decorative silk, blue thread, and ivory clip. Panels slightly browned, lightly foxed, and soiled; very minor instances of chipping at upper and lower margins; a few instances of very small paper loss touching watercolor images. In very good condition.

An attractive Japanese scroll with watercolors of three Western ships depicted in a naive and engaging style. Included is the flagship of United States Commodore Matthew Perry on the occasion of the commander’s epochal visit in 1853-54 to open Japan to American navigation and commerce. Perry’s “Black Ship,” identified by a raised American flag, is drawn with fire and smoke emanating from the steam ship’s chimneys and additional stylized red cannon fire coming from the lower decks. In addition, tiny figures are portrayed on board the main deck, climbing the rigging, and working in the vessel’s crow’s nests. Of particular interest is the depiction of the paddle wheel on the side of the vessel (apparently, prior to Perry’s arrival the Japanese had not seen ). The ship in the middle panel is also of West- ern design, although the country of origin is difficult to discern from the stylized color flags. This vessel has three main masts, but is without paddle wheel, steam chimneys, or fire power. The third ship, with its different-styled hull, decorations, and sails, appears to be of Chinese or Japanese origin. A fine set of mid-19th-century watercolors depicting the various vessels to be found in Japanese waters, including Commodore Perry’s “Black Ship” which greatly assisted in the opening of that country to United States interests. $6500. A Collection of Early Canal Proposals

107. [Isthmian Canal]: Lane, James C.: REPORT OF JAMES C. LANE (CIVIL ENGINEER,) ON THE PRACTICABILITY OF UNITING THE ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC OCEANS BY THE ATRATO AND TRUANDO RIVERS. New York. 1855. 8pp. [bound with:] Kel- ley, Frederick: ON THE JUNCTION OF THE ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC OCEANS, AND THE PRACTICABILITY OF A SHIP CANAL.... London. 1856. 42,[4]pp. plus one folding map. [bound with:] THE PRACTICABILITY OF A SHIP CANAL TO CONNECT THE ATLANTIC & PACIFIC OCEANS.... New York. 1855. 75pp. plus four handcolored folding plans and one folding map. [bound with:] Kel- ley, Frederick: THE UNION OF THE OCEANS BY SHIP-CANAL WITHOUT LOCKS.... New York. 1859. 114pp. plus one folding map. Original printed wrappers bound in modern cloth. Slightly edgeworn, mod- erate tanning throughout, folding map in third pamphlet separated neatly at folds in three pieces, and laid in; else maps very bright and clean. Very good.

Four mid-19th-century reports documenting the findings of Frederick Kelley, William Kennish, and John C. Lane during their quest to find a route for an inter-oceanic canal via the Atrato River in northwest Colombia. Inspired by 1840s westward expansion and on the heels of the Panama Railroad Co. (the first transcontinental railroad), schemes quickly proliferated to locate a viable passage for the construc- tion of a canal through the American isthmus. Frederick Kelley, a prominent Wall Street banker, financed several ultimately disappointing land surveys in pursuit of this dream. With folding maps and charts, as well as Kelley’s tables and charts, these pamphlets record a number of Kelley-backed surveys. One of Kelley’s colleagues in this enterprise was the Manx autodidact, William Kennish, who had served as a ship’s carpenter in the Royal Navy, developing a scheme for the more accurate concentration of broadsides and designing his own improvement on the theodo- lite. When de Lesseps, the French developer of the , was honoured at a banquet at Delmonico’s in New York in 1880 when the French Panama Company began its work, Kennish received honourable mention “as an ‘able engineer’ and ‘the discoverer of the first and only feasible route without locks, gates or dams, for a ship-canal...including a tunnel three miles long through the Cordilleras.’ It is understood that the Kennish scheme of 1855 was largely incorporated in the canal finally adopted” (Proceedings of the Isle of Man Natural History and Antiquarian Society VI, Part 2, 1961). SABIN 37257, 37258, 64861. $1750.

108. [New Bedford Signals]: [Color Plates]: NEW BEDFORD, FAIR- HAVEN AND DARTMOUTH SIGNAL BOOK. 1855. [New Bed- ford]: Compiled and published by William C. Taber, Jr., [1855]. 81pp., printed on rectos only. Black half calf and blue cloth boards. Spine rubbed and lightly worn; head of spine chipped. Cloth lightly soiled and dampstained. Con- temporary advertisement pasted on front pastedown. Titlepage lightly soiled. Minor foxing and soiling to text. Slightly later (1874) manuscript annotations throughout. About very good.

A signal book for New Bedford and the surrounding area, with handcolored flags and annotations throughout. Each flag is headed by the name of the agents, with a list of the ships which may be flying that flag off to the right. The work is divided into three sections, “Red, White and Blue,” “Red and White,” and “Blue and White,” denoting the different color schemes of the flags. A contemporary advertisement for John Kehew’s Navigation Store in New Bedford is pasted inside the front cover. A nice specimen, annotated by a native of the area. A rare American color plate book with navigational and maritime interest. $1750.

With the Suppressed Nude Bathing Scene

109. [Perry, Matthew C.]: Hawks, Francis L., comp: NARRATIVE OF THE EXPEDITION OF AN AMERICAN SQUADRON TO THE CHINA SEAS AND JAPAN, PERFORMED IN THE YEARS 1852, 1853, AND 1854, UNDER THE COMMAND OF COMMODORE M.C. PERRY, UNITED STATES NAVY, BY ORDER OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES.... Washington. 1856. Three volumes. Ninety tinted lithographic plates, maps (some folding), and numerous in-text woodcut illustrations. Original cloth, stamped in gilt and blind; first and third volumes rebacked, original backstrips laid down; second volume recased. Old library stamp on each titlepage. Scattered light damp- staining and some foxing affecting margins of some plates in first volume. Some dampstaining in upper margins of preliminary leaves of first and second volumes. This copy contains the suppressed nude bathhouse plate opposite page 408 (first volume), which is not included in the list of illustrations and which is lacking from most copies. Overall just about very good.

In 1852, Perry was appointed head of a naval expedition charged with inducing the Japanese government to establish diplomatic relations with the United States. In 1853 the Japanese were finally forced to accept a treaty demanding better treatment of shipwrecked seamen and which allowed American ships to dock at two Japanese ports to purchase fuel and supplies. “The most important result, however, was that the visit contributed to the collapse of the feudal regime and to the modernization of Japan” – Hill. The lovely plates depict the country, Japanese natives, and their customs. “In this valuable scientific work the first successful attempt at producing a coloured lithograph, in imitation of drawing, is introduced” – Sabin. HILL 1332. SABIN 30958. REESE, STAMPED WITH A NATIONAL CHARACTER 74. $3500. 110. [Bayard, Samuel J.]: A SKETCH OF THE LIFE OF COM. ROB- ERT F. STOCKTON; WITH...EXTRACTS FROM THE DE- FENCE OF COL. J.C. FREMONT.... New York. 1856. 131pp. plus leaf of ads. Portrait. Decorated cloth stamped in blind. Corners, head and foot of spine worn. Some scattered foxing. Modern bookplate on front pastedown. About very good.

Biography of the naval officer with accounts of his role in the War of 1812, the war with Algiers, suppressing piracy in the West Indies, the conveyance to the Texan government of the resolution of the American government providing for annexation, and the Mexican-American War while stationed in California serving under Fremont. WAGNER-CAMP 271b. HOWES B259. $100.

The Complete Set, with a Presentation Inscription

111. Gilliss, James Melville: THE U.S. NAVAL ASTRONOMICAL EXPEDITION TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE, DUR- ING THE YEARS 1849-’50-’51-’52. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1856. Four volumes (all published), consisting of volumes 1, 2, 3, and 6. xiii,[3],556pp. plus three maps and eleven plates; ix,[3],300pp. plus two maps and thirty-five plates of natural history subjects and Indian artifacts (many colored); cclxxxviii,492pp. plus one plate; xlviii,420pp. Quarto. First and sec- ond volumes in contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards, morocco labels, gilt. Third and sixth volumes in original gilt pictorial, blindstamped cloth, spine gilt. Bindings generally rubbed and edgeworn, corners bumped. Small library stamp on titlepage of sixth volume. Save for an intermittent tideline in first volume (not affecting plate images), internally very clean, with bright, fresh plates. A very good set.

The first volume bears a presentation inscription on the titlepage: “W. Jeffries Wyman with compliments of the author.” A full set of this landmark expedi- tion, including the two seldom found volumes of astronomical observations and experiments. The fourth and fifth volumes were never published, and the last two volumes are very scarce. The first volume comprises a detailed account of Chile, covering geography, resources, history, and political situation, and a narrative of the expedition’s travels in the country. The second volume contains a variety of reports, mostly on natural history subjects, as well as an account of Archibald MacRae’s journey across the Andes and pampas of the Argentine Provinces, including a map of part of the Ar- gentine Republic. The bird plates that illustrate John Cassin’s report on birds in the second volume are beautifully colored. The appendices are on zoology, mammals (by Spencer Baird), birds (by John Cassin), reptiles, fishes, plants, and paleontology. The third volume records thousands of astronomic observations in tabular format, conducted at various places, including the Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C.; in Cambridge, Massachusetts; and in Santiago, Chile. The fourth volume (Volume 6) contains more astronomic observations and experiments, mostly from Chile, but also from other observatories around the world. The first volume includes a remarkable folding panoramic view of the city of Santiago, from the summit of Santa Lucia. “This expedition to South America, led by James Melville Gilliss (1811-65), was the third American Naval Scientific expedition; the first was that of Charles Wilkes to the Pacific and the second that of William Francis Lynch to the Holy Land. These scientific expeditions were notable successes and their published products are much appreciated. This expedition went overland to Panama City and then via the South Pacific to Callao, Valparaiso, and Santiago. A subsidiary expedition was sent to explore northern Chile as far as La Paz, Bolivia” – Hill. HILL 707. SABIN 27419. McGRATH, pp.95, 117. $2500.

112. Habersham, A.W.: THE NORTH PACIFIC SURVEYING AND EXPLORING EXPEDITION; OR, MY LAST CRUISE. WHERE WE WENT AND WHAT WE SAW: BEING AN ACCOUNT OF VISITS TO THE MALAY AND LOO-CHOO ISLAND, THE COASTS OF CHINA, FORMOSA, JAPAN, KAMTSCHATKA, SIBERIA, AND THE MOUTH OF THE AMOOR RIVER. Phila- delphia. 1857. 507pp. plus twenty-nine plates and ads. Modern three-quarter polished calf and boards, gilt-lettered spine. Some internal soiling. Overall, very good.

“Habersham was an American naval officer who later became a tea and coffee mer- chant. He was descended from a family of early English settlers in Georgia who became prominent rice plantation owners and merchants. This expedition, under the orders of Commander Cadwalader Ringgold, sailed in June of 1853 for the Orient via the Cape of Good Hope and Batavia. The ‘Vincennes’ served as flag-ship to four other vessels. The ships returned, via San Francisco and Cape Horn, to the New York Navy-yard in the summer of 1856” – Hill. One of the plates shows a nude bathing scene in Japan. One of the few records of this important American exploring expedition. HILL 739. SABIN 29466. $750.

Americans in Japan in the 1860s

113. Sadahide, Hashimoto: A RECORD OF OBSERVATIONS IN THE OPEN PORT OF [translated from the Japanese]. [ Ja- pan. ca. 1862-1865]. [10]pp. of text in Japanese characters, plus twenty-nine uncolored woodblock illustrations and one colored woodblock illustration. Original blindstamped grey wrappers, stitched. Wrappers rubbed and edge- worn, early ownership signature on rear wrapper. Very clean and fresh inter- nally. Very good. In a blue half morocco and cloth clamshell case, spine gilt, leather label.

A rare series of illustrations de- picting the lives of Americans and other westerners in the Japanese port city of Yokohama. This is one volume of a multi-volume work featuring the illustrations of the noted Japanese wood- block artist, Hashimoto Sada- hide. The work is known under the Anglicized title, A Record of Observations in the Open Port of Yokohama, and it demonstrates very well the Japanese fascina- tion with westerners in the wake of Admiral Perry’s visit a decade earlier. One of the concessions Perry wrung from the Japanese was the opening of some of their ports to foreign trade. Yokohama, formerly a quiet fishing village, quickly grew when the port of Yokohama opened in 1859. A large number of foreigners moved there to man trading houses, and foreign naval vessels became a regular sight. This volume in Sadahide’s series on Yokohama contains a number of images of foreigners at work and in their homes. It includes portraits of western men and women, as well as illustrations of men at work and women performing household chores. Other illustrations show westerners riding in carriages or on swings, and one shows a man balancing on a tightrope with a child riding on his back. A number of the men appear to be sailors or naval officers. Four of the il- lustrations show an American military parade, and the colored woodblock shows a number of flags, including the American, French, and British flags as well as the Japanese rising sun. $2750.

Goin’ Up the River to New Orleans

114. [Civil War Manuscript Map]: BOMBARDMENT OF FORTS JACKSON & St. PHILIP [manuscript title]. [Louisiana. 1862?]. Manu- script map on a sheet of blue paper, 14 x 8½ inches. Drawn on the verso of a legal form carrying a printed date of 1859. Old folds. Small closed tear near top edge of map, not affecting image. Small stain in right edge, a few light smudges. Near fine.

An interesting, informative, and well-executed contemporary manuscript map, showing the Union Navy bombardment of forts Jackson and St. Philip on the lower Mississippi River, days before Admiral took New Orleans. New Orleans was of the utmost importance during the Civil War, and its capture by Union forces was a huge strategic and psychological blow to the Confederacy. Most of the Confederacy’s defenses on the Mississippi were located north of New Orleans, with only forts Jackson and St. Philip defending the city from the south. Those two forts were located about forty miles above the mouth of the Mississippi and seventy miles south of New Orleans. In early 1862 it was clear that the Union was going to attempt to capture New Orleans, as they moved toward the city from the north and the south. A Union fleet commanded by Farragut and supported by David Porter sailed up the Mississippi from the south and attacked forts Jackson and St. Philip beginning in mid-April, as depicted on this map. Porter’s mortars bombarded the forts for several days, and early on the morning of April 24 Farra- gut’s fleet attempted to ram through the Confederate blockades and past the forts. Farragut was successful, and arrived at New Orleans the next day. This map appears to have been drawn by a Confederate sailor or soldier. It is signed “C.H.” beside the manuscript title. The map is oriented with the east at the top and the north to the left side of the map, and shows a long stretch of the Mississippi bending between the two forts. Two points on the river are marked to show the position of the Iron Clad battery “Louisiana” on the river – the location where Confederate General Johnson Kelly Duncan desired to place it, and its posi- tion “when the enemy passed up the river.” At the northern end of the Mississippi is shown the location of the “C.S. River Fleet,” with the “enemy’s gunboats” and Porter’s flotilla located on the southern end of the river. The position of six Union mortar boats on the first day of the engagement is also shown. The locations of several batteries are shown on the shore, as is the “Quarantine Station and Hos- pital” at the north end, “occupied by the land forces of the U.S. the day the fleet passed up the River.” Though undated, this map seems to have been drawn shortly after the battle. The map is drawn on the verso of a legal form carrying a printed date of 1859, and with the printed name of W.O. Denégre, Assistant City Attorney (the name and title have been crossed out in manuscript). Denégre was Assistant City Attorney of New Orleans from 1858 to 1860, when he became City Attorney. On this side of the sheet has also been pasted a contemporary newspaper clipping discussing the fate of the Confederate ram, Manassas, during the battle. $3500.

115. Preble, George Henry: THE CHASE OF THE REBEL STEAMER OF WAR ORETO, COMMANDER J.N. MAFFITT, C.S.N. INTO THE BAY OF MOBILE, BY THE UNITED STATES STEAM SLOOP ONEIDA.... Cambridge. 1862. 48pp. Modern half morocco and marbled boards. Very good.

A presentation copy, initialed by Preble (recipient’s name partially trimmed). Sabin calls for sixty pages, but there are only forty-eight in the present edition, published by Allen and Farham (both editions were apparently printed for “private circulation”). As temporary commander of the Mobile blockade, on Sept. 4, 1862, Preble moved too slowly in challenging a Confederate cruiser flying the British flag, and he was dismissed from the navy by Secretary . This pamphlet was Preble’s first challenge to the decision, which was rescinded in February 1863. HOWES P563. SABIN 12217. NEVINS I, p.231 (ref ). $500.

116. [Confederate Imprint]: ...REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY...November 5...[caption title]. [Richmond. 1864]. 52pp. Half morocco and marbled boards. Lower forecorner of first leaf torn, a few words affected. Old stamp on several leaves. Tanned. Fair.

Reports from various departments within the Confederate navy, including ordnance, medical, clothing, etc. Also describes several ships then under construction, with a list of vessels captured, reports on actions of various Confederate ships by their respective captains, and the like. Parrish & Willingham locates twenty-eight copies. PARRISH & WILLINGHAM 1714. $400.

Extensive Archive of an American Naval Officer

117. Elmer, Horace: [ARCHIVE OF JOURNALS, SCRAPBOOKS, AND PHOTOGRAPHS BELONGING TO U.S. NAVAL COM- MANDER HORACE ELMER, INCLUDING A PHOTO ALBUM BELONGING TO HIS DAUGHTER, PUBLIC HEALTH ACTIV- IST AND HOUSING REFORMER, EDITH ELMER WOOD]. [Various places]. 1864-1900. Five journals, two albums, and nine loose photo- graphs, as detailed below. The collection as a whole is in very good condition.

Comprehensive archive of material related to the life and death of Commander Horace Elmer (1846-98). Elmer entered the Naval Academy Sept. 27, 1861, graduating in November 1864. He served on the U.S.S. Hartford, flagship of the East India squadron, from 1865 to 1868, where he rose swiftly through the ranks, attaining the rank of lieutenant-commander by 1869. He married Adele Wiley in 1870, and their first child, Edith, was born the following year. Elmer continued in his illustrious naval career, as executive of the Terror, 1870-71; of the Vandalia, 1871-72; navigator of the Ossipee, 1872; of the Colorado, 1873; and of the Congress, 1874-76; and executive of the Worcester and of the Franklin, 1877. After two years of duty at the torpedo station, Elmer served as executive officer of the Kearsarge, 1879-82, and then of the Constellation in 1883. He went on to become the head of the department of seamanship at the United States Naval Academy, 1883-86, and was promoted to the rank of commander on March 2, 1885. He commanded the U.S.S. Kearsarge from 1889 to 1892. On March 24, 1898, he was selected to organize and command the and the inner coast defense of the Atlantic and Gulf states in the war between the United States and Spain, a duty of the greatest importance and of the heaviest responsibility, and a commodore’s command. In April, Elmer contracted a severe cold which developed into pneu- monia; he died later that month, on the very day he was removed from command. The material in this archive relates to his time on the U.S.Ss. Hartford, Ossipee, Colorado, and Kearsarge. A large photo album belonging to Elmer’s daughter, Edith Elmer Wood (1871- 1945), is also among these items. Wood, a graduate of Smith College, was a woman ahead of her times. She married naval officer Albert Norton Wood in 1893, had four children, and was a writer of fiction and travel literature. In 1906, stationed with her husband in Puerto Rico, she became heavily involved in the issue of public health, organizing and eventually heading the Anti-Tuberculosis League of Puerto Rico. Her husband retired from the Navy in 1910, moving the family back to the United States. Eventually moving to Washington, D.C., Wood was active in that city’s reform movement against alley dwellings from 1913 to 1915. In 1915 she moved her family back to New York City in order to pursue a career as a profes- sional housing reformer. She attended the New York School of Philanthropy (later, New York School of Social Work), from which she earned a diploma in 1917, and Columbia University, receiving an A.M. in 1917 and a Ph.D. in political economy in 1919. Her dissertation called for a national policy to provide low-cost hous- ing, asserting that housing should be a public service, like utilities. Her goal was partially realized with the passage of the Wagner-Steagall Housing Act of 1937, which legislated her plan of slum clearance and construction of the nation’s first publicly funded housing units as replacements. The items are as follow:

1) [Two Journals, Covering Elmer’s First Two Years Out of the U.S. Naval Academy]. October 1864 – December 1866. 118; 256pp. approximately 10,000 and 30,000 words. Quarto. Contemporary red three-quarter morocco and marbled boards. Boards scuffed, rubbed at extremities. Internally clean. Very good. The first of these covers the period right before graduation up to Elmer’s assignment to the U.S.S. Hartford. It contains a mixture of personal entries, technical sketches for the interior workings of ships’ engines, and some naval educational exercises. Of note: Elmer spent some time aboard the U.S.S. and has drawn a diagram of her engines. He has pasted a poem clipped from a newspaper lament- ing Lincoln’s assassination on the rear pastedown. The second journal records two years spent aboard the U.S.S. Hartford, cruising in the East Indies. Elmer relates his experiences in an easy and readable manner. A representative entry from January 1866 reads:

We are enjoying the full benefit of the rainy season now. I haven’t seen the sun for nearly a week, and a waterproof and [illegible noun] have become as necessary articles of clothing as coat and pants. rain! rain!! rain!!! There seems to be no end to the deluge. The air is cool, however, and very pleas- ant when you can get a chance to breathe a little of it out of the rain. Our monkey takes to Hard Tack and coffee and bean soup like an old sailor. As might be supposed he is a great pet. And if it wasn’t for his vulgar posterior I’d like to take him home. The best book I have read for some time past is Dickens’ “Dombey and Son.” Captain Cuttle is equal to Wilkins McCawber and the story of little Paul Dombey a perfect gem.

2) [Navigator’s Notes Kept Aboard the U.S.S. Ossippee, 1872]. 100pp. approximately 10,000 words. Contemporary red half morocco and marbled boards. Marbled paper on front board a bit chipped in spots, rubbed at extremities. Head of spine worn. Internally clean. Very good. Now risen to the rank of lieutenant commander and the navigator aboard the Ossippee, this volume contains Elmer’s notes on naviga- tion, surveying, and “memoranda” recounting the cruise of the Ossippee from Peru to New York. It also includes a section of notes labelled “miscellaneous,” which is filled with random factoids, many of which relate to torpedoes or explosions. 3) [Watch, Quarter, and Station Bill Kept Aboard the U.S.S. Ossippee and U.S.S. Colo- rado]. Folio. Contemporary blue half morocco and marbled boards. Boards heavily scuffed, rubbed at extremities. Internally clean. Very good. The Watch, Quarter, and Station Bill gives instructions for handling different situations aboard ship, including changes in sails and the positions of the crewmen. Elmer was the navigator on both of these vessels. 4) [Scrapbook Containing Naval and Other Maritime Clippings from Various Periodicals]. 1878-1879. Thirty leaves. Folio. Contemporary black three-quarter morocco and marbled boards, paper label on cover. Rubbed at extremities. Foxing. Good. 5) [Scrapbook of Clippings Related to the Mosquito Fleet and Commander Elmer’s Death]. 1898-1900. Forty-one leaves, plus two dozen extra pieces of manuscript and printed material laid in. Original black embossed cloth. Some offsetting from clippings onto blank versos; minimal foxing. Very good. This scrapbook, most likely kept by Elmer’s wife, Adele, contains clippings related to Elmer’s last assignment. It is primarily composed of obituaries, each neatly labelled as to newspaper and date. Elmer caught pneumonia which was brought on by exposure while he was on duty. As one headline reads, Commander Elmer “Dies a martyr to his duty.” The manuscript and printed material laid in mostly relates to Mrs. Elmer’s pension. There is also a small stack of telegrams she received in condolence. 6) [Collection of Nine Loose Photographs Mounted on Cards]. 1870-1892. Various sizes, ranging from 3½ x 2¼ to 3½ x 9½ inches. Some light foxing to photos and cards. Very good. Collection of photographs spanning twenty years, including some from Elmer’s time in Santo Domingo. The shots from Santo Domingo include a lovely group shot of Commander Elmer with several other important men, including the President of Santo Domingo. The others are primarily portraits, including a picture of Adele Wiley as a young woman; and Edith Elmer Wood as a baby, and then another later shot of her as a young woman. 7) [Photo Album Belonging to Edith Elmer Wood]. 1890-1896. Forty-five photos of varying sizes. Oblong folio. Original purple cloth, cover lettered in gilt. Faded and rubbed around the edges. Leaves still quite sound. Some scattered foxing, though most photos are quite clean. Very good. Edith Elmer Wood’s photograph album contains some very lovely shots, including two large photos of the Kearsage, one being of the officers and another of the crew being inspected, both dated 1890; several snapshots of interiors of family residences, including one of her mother in a rocking chair, and a photo of Commander Elmer working at his desk in the Ordnance Office; ten photos, five quite large, of the Chicago World’s Fair in 1893; and ten large photographs taken on the campus of the United States Naval Academy, two of them featuring Mrs. Wood and her husband. Other scenes from the Naval Academy include cadets being drilled and the Tripoli Monument.

On the whole, an amazing trove of images and writings surrounding the life of an important American Naval Officer. ANB (online). $9000.

118. [Ship Log – American]: [MANUSCRIPT LOG BOOK OF AN AMERICAN SEAMAN ABOARD THE U.S.S. SHAMOKIN SAIL- ING IN SOUTH AMERICAN WATERS]. [Various places]. Jan. 1 – Nov. 20, 1866. 117pp. Small quarto. Contemporary marbled boards, rebacked with modern linen, new endpapers. Approximately 17,500 words written in neat pencil and sepia ink. Contemporary lithographic print of the ship, La Oriental, pasted on p.84, with text composed around print. A few pages damp- stained, otherwise internally clean. In very good condition.

A seaman’s journal maintained aboard the U.S.S. Shamokin, a 1370-ton Mohongo class iron double-ender steam gunboat. Built in Chester, Pennsylvania, the ship was delivered to the Navy in July 1865, but was not commissioned until October of that year. Between 1866 and 1868 the ship served in the South Atlantic Squadron, primarily off the coast of South America. Thus this journal records the ship’s voy- age during its first year of service. The anonymous author’s entries record condi- tions and activities on board, with references to coaling ships (the source of power for the Shamokin, as well as other vessels sighted and encountered. Many of the days were filled with the routine of cleaning and maintaining the ship, but a few special incidents are noted. These include meeting a group of “Lady Emigrants from Boston” on their way to Oregon; the tale of a very drunken, belligerent sailor on board who eluded capture by the authorities; the attempts to save the American sidewheeler, La Oriental (a small lithographic print of the sidewheeler is pasted into the journal); and the collision of the Shamokin and the Brazilian , General Floris. While the author primarily writes of activities on board the Shamokin, he does make several observations about the hostilities between Brazil and Paraguay. $1750.

119. Cauvelt, J.L.B.: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM J.L.B. CAUVELT ON THE U.S.S. DE SOTO AT ST. THOMAS, VIR- GIN ISLANDS, GIVING A FIRSTHAND ACCOUNT OF THE 1867 EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI THAT JUST HIT THE ISLANDS]. St. Thomas, Virgin Islands. Nov. 21, 1867. 5pp. manuscript (written on rectos only) on folio sheets, with the letter addressed to his mother on the fifth page, following the description of events. Approximately 1250 words total. Sheets with wear around the edges. Each sheet neatly backed with paper, repairing small tears or separations. Overall, in good condition, and very readable. In a half morocco and cloth folding box, spine gilt.

An exciting firsthand account by an American sailor, describing the effects of the terrible earthquakes and tsunamis that hit the Virgin Islands on November 18, 1867. J.L.B. Cauvelt was a sailor aboard the U.S.S. De Soto, which was anchored in the harbor of St. Thomas when the earthquake hit. The ship was badly damaged in the resultant tsunamis caused by the earthquakes, which had an estimated 7.5 magnitude on the Richter scale. These are Cauvelt’s original notes of his experiences, written shortly afterward and appended to a letter he wrote to his mother on November 21. On the afternoon of November 18, 1867, a magnitude 7.5 earthquake occurred in the Anegada trough, located between the Virgin Islands of St. Croix and St. Thomas. The earthquake actually consisted of two shocks, separated by ten minutes. These shocks generated two tsunami waves that were recorded at several island locations across the eastern Caribbean region, most notably on the islands of St. Thomas and St. Croix. The U.S.S. De Soto was docked at St. Thomas when the earthquake hit. Initially a private commercial ship, the De Soto was purchased by the United States Navy at the outbreak of the Civil War. The ship assisted in the blockade of Confederate ports, and participated in the capture or destruction of numerous blockade runners. The De Soto and two other American naval vessels arrived at St. Thomas on November 17, 1867, a day before the earthquakes and tsunamis hit. The De Soto was initially thrown onto a wharf, but was carried back to deep water by the next wave that hit St. Thomas. Badly damaged, the ship was repaired by its crew over the following days. Cauvelt begins by describing the earthquake and resultant tsunami, then goes on to describe the cool-headed response of the De Soto’s commodore, and the repairs that were effected over the next few days. He mentions that another American naval vessel, the Monongahela, which had been sent to Santa Cruz from St. Thomas the day before “was totally wrecked by the effects of the same earthquake...She was struck by 5 large rollers & 7 minutes after they first saw the sea coming in she lay high & dry on the beach with her back broken.” He also comments on the destruction caused by the tsunamis on St. Thomas itself, and the plight of the people of the island. A remarkable letter, giving a detailed account of a terrible series of earthquakes and tsunamis in the Caribbean in 1867. $1750.

Grant Writes His Secretary of the Navy About Hangovers

120. Grant, Ulysses S.: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED (“U.S. GRANT”), FROM ULYSSES S. GRANT TO ADOLPH E. BORIE (ADDRESSED “MY DEAR EX”)]. Washington, D.C. Oct. 30, 1869. [2]pp. on a folded sheet of personal stationery. Fine. In a folding cloth box.

Returning to Washington after a visit to Philadelphia, Grant writes to thank his friend, Adolphe Borie, for his hospitality in hosting the President and his wife:

We arrived here on time last evening my having recovered from the effects of your hospitality before reaching Baltimore. We shall of course expect a visit from you and Mrs. Borie during the Winter and promise you in advance not to put you through anything like Phila hardships. Mrs. Grant joins me in kind regards to you and yours....

The “effects of your hospitality” is undoubtedly a euphemism for a hangover Grant suffered after a night spent in the company of his good friend. Given the rumors of alcohol abuse that plagued Grant’s military and political careers, his humorous, untroubled reference to drinking says something of the closeness of his relation- ship with Borie. Borie, a native of Philadelphia, was a surprise pick for Secretary of the Navy in Grant’s first cabinet. He served only a few months, before returning to his busi- ness affairs in Philadelphia in June 1869. Borie and Grant remained friends, as the obvious conviviality of this letters shows. THE PAPERS OF ULYSSES S. GRANT: JULY 1, 1868 – OCTOBER 31, 1869, pp.267-68. $2000.

121. [American Naval Log Book]: CRUISE OF 1870 TO 1873 LOG [manuscript title]. [Primarily at sea, especially in the Medi- terranean]. 1870-1873. [68]pp., plus a 1½ x 3-inch contact-print and a few notes. Approximately 9500 words. Red pebbled cloth with decorative red paper boards. Boards rubbed, tears in paper. Binding loose, text block separating from boards. Text clean. Four leaves cut from back of text block. Else good.

A manuscript log and journal of the U.S.S. Brooklyn during her cruise to European waters, kept by an unknown author, but probably a regular seaman from the spell- ing and language. The Brooklyn traveled primarily in the Mediterranean, stopping frequently in Naples, Lisbon, Palermo, Toulon, and Gibraltar. The log is comprised of three parts: the first records the arrival and departure of the Brooklyn from ports; the second is a journal of recent events and noteworthy occurrences on board and in ports; the third part offers twenty-six brief but interesting descriptions of ports in which the Brooklyn anchored. This last section is the longest, and notable for the knowledge the writer shares; he often includes notes on the city’s ancient his- tory, geography, architecture, and culture. The Brooklyn was active in several key naval battles of the Civil War including the capture of both Vicksburg and . The contact print is the image of a sloop, probably the Brooklyn, with the inscription on the back, “Flagship Brookling [sic] for my Frank,” referring to the period (1874-86) when the Brooklyn served as the Flagship of the south Atlantic fleet. $750. Admiral Porter on His Critics: “...I don’t mind what these people say any more than an elephant would a mosquito...”

122. [Porter, David D.]: [HOLOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM DAVID D. PORTER TO COMMODORE GEORGE F. EM- MONS]. [with:] [PRINTED DOCUMENT, COMPLETED IN MANUSCRIPT, APPOINTING EMMONS COMMODORE IN THE NAVY]. Washington, D.C. May 29, 1872 (letter); Jan. 13, 1869 (docu- ment). Letter: 4pp. in a secretarial hand, on folded ruled sheet. Some browning and staining. Note about Porter’s rank added in an early hand, possibly Em- mons’, at close of letter. Document: Removed, with some abrasions on right margin. Both in a half morocco drop box.

Admiral of the United States Navy David Dixon Porter (1813-91) writes, at the close of his career, to Commodore George F. Emmons, regarding administration of a naval association and his response to critics. Porter, son of Commodore Da- vid Porter, a hero of the War of 1812, made his reputation as a bold, ambitious, and somewhat divisive figure during the Civil War, and was instrumental in the Vicksburg campaign. “He never retreated from his arrogant, brash manner, and his career during these [later] years was marked by controversy and constant internecine battles within the service” (ANB). George F. Emmons (1811-84) took part in the Wilkes Expedition, served in the Mexican-American War and the Civil War, and eventually achieved the rank of rear admiral. Reading, in part:

I begin to have serious doubts of the possibility of forming a naval association of any kind that would be useful to the service. There is too much diversity of opinion among officers, a great deal of selfishness and a number are looking out actively for No. 1. I shall always work for the navy but intend to do it in my own fashion. As I have no axes to grind or favors to ask of any one, and occupy the only independent position in the navy, it is possibly that I may be activated for the good of the service. As to any expressions on the part of officers in regard to my course, I do not need them. I wish you would get me a copy of that “Telegraph” in which you say some- body pitches into me, and send it to me, for although I don’t mind what these people say any more than an elephant would a mosquito I like to see them. I can generally spot the writer and say him off.... $1250.

123. Porter, David D.: MEMOIR OF COMMODORE DAVID POR- TER, OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY. Albany, N.Y.: J. Munsell, 1875. ix,[3],427pp. plus frontispiece and twenty-five plates. Original pub- lisher’s cloth, stamped in black and gilt. Extremities rubbed. Bookplates on front endpapers. Inscribed by the author on front fly leaf. Very minor scattered foxing. Very good to near fine.

Admiral David D. Porter’s biography of his father, Commodore David Porter. The author, himself a distinguished naval commander, traces his father’s naval career from the “Quasi War” with France, battles with Tripolitan and West Indian pirates, the War of 1812, and his eventual resignation after a court-martial. It is a valu- able work of American military and naval history. This copy bears a presentation inscription by the author to C.E. Fox, another naval officer. HOWES P485. SABIN 64225. LARNED 1678. $500.

An American Flagship: The U.S.S. Tennessee

124. [United States Navy]: [LETTER BOOK AND PHOTOGRAPH ALBUM FOR THE U.S.S. TENNESSEE]. [Various places, includ- ing Japan]. 1875-1885. 133 sheets mounted on stubs; twenty-eight mounted photographs, most measuring 7 x 9¾ inches. Letter book: Folio. Original half black morocco and cloth, stamped in blind on cover, spine gilt. Corners rubbed. Spine heavily worn and chipped, hinges weak. Light soiling to some letters, some chipped at edges. In a very legible hand. About very good. In a blue cloth clamshell case, leather label. Album: Oblong folio. Original blue publisher’s cloth, stamped in gilt on cover. Boards scuffed and slightly stained. Expertly rebacked in matching cloth. Some mounts with slight chipping at edges. Some soiling, though photographs are generally clean. Good.

Manuscript and photographic records of the U.S.S. Tennessee, launched in July 1865. Originally named the U.S.S. Madawaska, she was renamed Tennessee in 1869, and at the same time timbered up to the necessary height to allow a spar deck to be installed. She was also fitted with new, more powerful engines at this time, though she also bore a full complement of sails. Her duties included service as flagship of the Asiatic Squadron under Rear Admiral William Reynolds, with Captain William W. Low in command. By 1879 she was flagship of the under Rear Admiral Robert W. Wyman, with Captain David B. Harmony in command. These items pertain to both of these notable periods of service. The letter book contains compiled correspondences sent to Captain William W. Low by the U.S. Naval Department and by Rear Admiral William Reynolds, commander of the Asiatic Fleet, stationed in Japan. The correspondences cover the period from June 1875 through June 1876, the duration of Low’s time as captain of the Tennessee, and generally contain orders or reports concerning the ship’s maneuvers. The photograph album, which was published by Hatton & Hart in New York, bears the cover title, “Scenes on Board a Man-of-War. U.S.S. Flag-Ship Tennessee,” with an image of the ship stamped in gilt. It contains photos of the ship itself; of officers and the crew, including Rear Admiral James E. Jouett and Captain O.F. Stanton; and of a few exercises aboard the ship. The album is dated circa 1885, when the Tennessee was flagship of the North Atlantic Squadron. $3000.

Pamphlets Printed Aboard American Naval Vessels

125. [American Naval Printing]: INSPECTION OF VESSELS EURO- PEAN STATION. [with:] BOATS ON THE EUROPEAN STATION, WHEN FITTED FOR THE DIFFERENT SERVICES.... [On board the U.S.S. Trenton, European Station]. [ca. 1878-1881]. Two pamphlets. 12; 16pp. 12mo. Fastened with bronze tack. Slight staining, else good.

A curious little pair of imprints, printed on a U.S. Navy shipboard press sometime not long after the Civil War. The first, the Inspection... pamphlet, describes what an inspector should look for, and contains the colophon, “From the Press of U.S. Flagship Trenton, European Station.” The second pamphlet, which describes the equipment to be carried on boats, contains no colophon but is identical to the first in style and makeup, and was found with the first pamphlet, so it seems reasonable to assume that it is a product of the same press. $375. An American Printer at Sea

126. Duffy, Edward Paul: PRIVATE JOURNAL OF EDWARD PAUL DUFFY, PRINTER, U.S. FLAGSHIP TRENTON, , BEGINNING IN , FRANCE [manu- script title]. [At sea, primarily in the Mediterranean]. 1880-1881. [186] pp. plus 26 blank pages. Includes many newspaper clippings and pamphlets. Quarto. Contemporary three-quarter calf and paper boards. Spine nonexistent at foot. Calf significantly rubbed, missing in most places. Boards rubbed, loose. Text clean, brittle, but loosely bound; some pages loose. Text in good condi- tion. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

Edward Paul Duffy was a soldier and printer aboard the U.S.S. Trenton. During his time on board, Duffy printed the Trenton Herald, a twice monthly newspaper. Newspaper clippings pasted to the front board of his journal portray Duffy as the pioneer of American amphibious printing and estimate his readership to number one thousand. Duffy also served as a correspondent to the Baltimore Sun, writing of the activities of the European Squadron and his experiences in various Medi- terranean cities. Clippings of his articles from the Baltimore Sun are tipped in, as well as some pieces of his shipboard printing, Inspection of Powder Division and Comparative Statement of Times of Evolutions During Inspection of European Squadron. Duffy’s journal records the daily weather, activities aboard the Trenton, and his trips off the ship in cities such as Madeira and Villefranche. He frequently notes his press and letters or activities related to it, such as the printing of a program for the Snowflakes, which performed before Christmas of 1880, and subscriptions made to his paper by prominent Americans such as capitalist J.W. Mackay. The Trenton sailed home for the centennial celebration of the victory at Yorktown, but Duffy was honorably discharged after two years of service and discontinued his journal upon reaching the Chesapeake Bay. A wonderful record of shipboard printing in the American Navy. $2250.

127. Huling, E.J.: REMINISCENCES OF GUNBOAT LIFE IN THE MISSISSIPPI SQUADRON. Saratoga Springs, N.Y.: Printed for Private Circulation, 1881. iv,86pp. 16mo. Modern half leatherette and paper boards, spine gilt. Tape repair on verso of titlepage, with no loss of text. First two and final three leaves lightly tanned. Very good.

A rare memoir, printed for private circulation, of service in the U.S. Navy’s Mis- sissippi Squadron during the Civil War. Huling offers here, for friends and family, an account of the fourteen months spent on the steamer Huntress, also known as gunboat number 58 in the Mississippi Squadron, beginning in the summer of 1864. His vessel patrolled the Mississippi from Cairo, Illinois, to Memphis, though at times they went as far south as Vicksburg. Huling provides a detailed account of the ship’s activities, including engagements with Confederate ships, smugglers, and guerilla raids on the vessel while it was docked. There is also much about the Huntress’ officers and crew, daily routine on board ship, and about the towns and cities along the river. Not in Nevins or Dornbusch, and no copies listed in recent auction records. OCLC locates only seven copies, including the Library of Congress copy (the only one listed in the NUC). Rare. HOWES H776. OCLC 12776761. $3000.

Privately Printed in a Small Edition

128. [DuPont, Samuel F.]: OFFICIAL DISPATCHES AND LETTERS OF REAR ADMIRAL DU PONT, U.S. NAVY. 1846-48. 1861-63. Wilmington, De. 1883. [2],531pp. Original purple cloth, spine gilt. Cloth speckled, else near fine.

Both this work and DuPont’s Extracts from Private Journal-Letters... were issued in privately printed editions of only fifty copies for private distribution, and are exceedingly rare. Eberstadt states that the present volume is even rarer than its companion. The first section is devoted to dispatches sent by DuPont from Cali- fornia during the Mexican War, when he transported Fremont and his troops from Monterey to San Diego and attacked Mexican shipping in the Gulf of California. He also commanded the Atlantic blockading forces against the Confederacy for the first two years of the Civil War. EBERSTADT 132:174. HOWES D589, “b.” GARRETT, p.207. HILL 520. $2000.

The Rarest DuPont Volume

129. DuPont, Samuel F.: EXTRACTS FROM PRIVATE JOURNAL- LETTERS OF CAPTAIN S.F. DuPONT, WHILE IN COMMAND OF THE CYANE, DURING THE WAR WITH MEXICO, 1846 – 1848. PRINTED FOR HIS FAMILY. Wilmington: Ferris Bros., Printers and Binders, 1885. [6],444pp. Original three-quarter morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Front hinge expertly repaired, else a near fine copy.

“These extracts from DuPont’s journal and letters, privately printed for his family by his wife after his death, are a valuable and almost unknown account of U.S. Naval operations in the Pacific and Gulf of California during the Mexican War. After conveying Fremont and his battalion from Monterey to San Diego and participating in the taking of San Blas, DuPont entered the Gulf of California, seized La Paz, and at Guaymas burned the Mexican fleet. Within a few months he had cleared the Gulf, and in 1847 aided Commodore Shubrick in the occupation of Mazatlan, and later led his troops to the rescue of the American forces at Mission San Jose” – Streeter. “The richest mass of first-hand source material extant on the conquest of California” – Eberstadt. “Even more important than DuPont’s detailed and meticulous account of his own actions is his careful recording of the movements of, and communications with, other important figures with whom he was in almost constant contact” – Hill. Only fifty copies were printed for the family. STREETER SALE 2991. HOWES D588, “b.” GRAFF 1184. BARRETT 744. HILL 521. GAR- RETT, p.207. EBERSTADT 132:173. $6500.

130. Walton, William: THE ARMY AND NAVY OF THE UNITED STATES FROM THE PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION TO THE PRESENT DAY. A RECORD OF THE FORMATION, ORGANI- ZATION, AND GENERAL EQUIPMENT OF THE LAND AND NAVAL FORCES OF THE REPUBLIC. Boston: George Barrie, [1889- 1895]. Three volumes, including supplement. 130pp., twenty-nine lithographed plates, 158 other illustrations; 38pp., fifteen lithographed plates, fifty other illustrations; a supplement of 171pp. with three black and white illustrations, 2pp. table of contents. Large folio. Elaborately gilt contemporary morocco, a.e.g., gilt inner dentelles. Front boards detached on first and second volumes, rear board detached on first volume. Supplement volume binding intact. Over- all very good and internally clean.

Bennett describes this Imperial Japan edition as the finest version of this epic book, and Howes accords it a “b” rating. Limitation leaves at the beginning of each volume identify this set as copy number 348 of the Imperial Japan edition, which was limited to 500 sets. In the set offered here, all the plates are in black and white. “The pictorial value is the display of U.S. uniforms from 1776 to 1891. The text has a little-known but very genuine importance. It contains a roster of all commissioned army and navy officers of the U.S. from the beginning up to and including the Civil War” – Bennett. HOWES W81, “b.” BENNETT, p.3. McGRATH, p.222. $1000.

131. Sinclair, Arthur: TWO YEARS ON THE ALABAMA. Boston. 1895. vi,[2],344pp. plus plates. Frontis. Large, thick octavo. Original gilt pictorial cloth. Some edge wear, inner hinges cracking, contents bit shaken. Good.

The Alabama was a Confederate blockade runner built in Great Britain, and its outfitting by the English became a contentious issue in Anglo-American relations from the Civil War until the early 1870s. “One of the best accounts; interest- ing, reliable, comprehensive, and thoughtful; contains brief biographical sketches and muster rolls” – Nevins. Includes experiences off Newfoundland, New York, blockade-running in the Gulf of Mexico, off Jamaica, Bahia, at the Cape of Good Hope and , off Singapore and India. NEVINS I, p.234 (3rd ed). $400.

132. [Boxer Rebellion]: [FIFTY-FIFTH CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. PRINTED DOCUMENT, SIGNED BY THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE (“THOMAS B. REED”); AND THE PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE (“WIL- LIAM P. FRYE”), BEING A “JOINT RESOLUTION OF INQUI- RY CONCERNING OUTRAGES ON AMERICAN CITIZENS IN CHINA”]. Washington, D.C. Dec. 5, 1898. [1]p. on parchment paper. Central horizontal fold. Slightly soiled. In a folding cloth case.

With reports and rumors circulating about attacks on foreign missions, including American, in Northern China, a concerned U.S. Congress adopted the following joint resolution:

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the President be, and he is hereby, requested to communicate to Congress...all the information in his possession concerning certain alleged outrages committed upon the person of Bishop Earl Cranston and other American citizens in the city of Peking, China, by subjects of the Emperor of China, and what steps, if any, have been taken by the State Department in the matter of demanding suitable redress and indemnity therefor.

Bishop Cranston was an American Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, elected in 1896. This resolution led directly to military intervention in China by the U.S., in the form of a force of Marines sent to protect the legations in Beijing. $1500.

A Remarkable Naval Work of the Spanish-American War

133. Martinez-Jurado y Ruiz, Adolfo: DATOS SOBRE LA MARINA DE GUERRA DE LAS DIFERENTES NACIONES: ESTADOS UNI- DOS. Havana: Impr. y Litografía de la Maestranza de Artillería, 1898. Let- terpress title (verso blank); contents page (verso blank); 4pp. text (recto only of 4 leaves); 1p. text (a table listing all 34 of the “Acorazados” or battleships in the U.S. fleet, recto only); 1p. text (a table of the 51 other vessels [“No Acorazados”] in the U.S. fleet, recto only). Thirty-eight plates (each with a tinted lithographic image of an individual vessel above cross-sectional line im- ages and a letterpress table giving logistical details of the same vessel). Large folio. Black/dark green half calf over textured green paper-covered boards, the flat spine lettered and simply decorated in gilt. Very good.

This volume, printed for the Cuban navy’s artillery division, illustrates thirty-nine ships in the United States Naval Fleet in detail. Each vessel is illustrated in pictorial and schematic form, with a toned lithograph of each ship and three cross-section views. The U.S.S. Maine, whose sinking in Havana harbor was a precipitating cause of the Spanish-American War, is among the ships illustrated. On each ship, the most vulnerable section is indicated. In the introductory notes, the author indicates that the purpose of this volume is to prepare Cuba for counterattacks to which it may one day be exposed. A large and remarkable volume, and an extremely interesting piece of American naval history. OCLC records only a single copy of this work, at the Naval Historical Center, but also mentions what may be a second copy at Harvard (lacking a titlepage, tentatively dated 1897 and apparently titled Buques de Guerra de la Marina de los Estados Unidos de América). Quite rare. OCLC 39900517. $6000. 134. Young, Lucien: THE BOSTON AT HAWAII OR THE OBSERVA- TIONS AND IMPRESSIONS OF A NAVAL OFFICER DURING A STAY OF FOURTEEN MONTHS IN THOSE ISLANDS ON A MAN-OF-WAR. Washington, D.C. 1898. xi,311pp. plus plates. Original red publisher’s cloth, spine gilt. Extremities rubbed, minor soiling to cloth. Bookplates on front pastedown. Newspaper article pasted to rear board. Very good.

Brief history of Hawaii, with an account of the author’s time in that place. Young saw action during the Spanish-American War and later rose to the rank of rear admiral. $300.

With a Battle Plan of a Samoan Rebellion

135. [Pacific Photographica]: [LARGE PHOTOGRAPH ALBUM OF SEVERAL PACIFIC ISLANDS]. [Various places, but including, Hawaii, Tonga, Tahiti, Samoa, & Fiji. ca. 1910]. Seventy-one photographs of primarily two sizes (6½ x 8½ inches or 9 x 4 inches), mounted on fifteen album cards; sixteen blank cards follow. Oblong folio. Contemporary three quarter maroon morocco and pebbled cloth, rebacked, original backstrip laid down. Locations generally provided in manuscript in upper margin. Minor repair on corners, slightly rubbed. Images and cards with minor foxing, occasional moderate fading. Overall very good.

A fine album containing wide views of Hawaii, Tonga, Tahiti, Samoa, and Fiji, including a photograph of a blueprint battle plan for the submission of a Samoan revolt in 1899. Throughout the latter half of the 19th century, various native revolts made incur- sions attempted by the German, British, and Americans, respectively, increasingly difficult. Ten years earlier, the Germans were engaged in a fierce but brief conflict with natives, immortalized in Robert Louis Stevenson’s War in Samoa, a collection of dispatches he composed while residing on the island during the conflict. While the German conflict petered out into mere occasional flare-ups, tensions rose to a new high in 1899 when the native leader, Mata’afa, sought to repel foreign influ- ence (which now included the Americans and British) forever. Armed with Mauser machine guns (given as “gifts” from the Germans, to appease their former enemies), they began harassing Western civilians. British and American gunboats took posi- tion off the Samoan coast and started shelling the rebels. When this proved inef- fectual, they launched an ill-fated expedition under Lieut. Angel Hope Freeman of the Royal Navy. On April 1, 1899, Freeman and his men were ambushed, and most were brutally slaughtered near Apia, on the same site where Samoan natives massacred a German patrol in 1888. In response, the Anglo-American fleet in the harbor doubled their previous shelling, forcing Mata’afa and his followers to surrender. Germany, Great Britain, and the United States promptly divided the island between them. The present battle plan shows rebel positions, weapons locations, terrain, and routes of advance and retreat, as well as nearby villages. The plan is dated April 2, the day the British and the Americans began bombardment of the Mata’afa and his men. It is quite likely this photograph is the only surviving record of the Anglo- American plan of attack. The remainder of the album shows various dramatic landscape views of the is- lands, with beaches, lush mountains, rock formations, and waterfalls all represented. Natives are shown engaging with whites in a variety of ways (including the opening and closing ceremonies for the Tonga Parliament), but they are also shown bathing, fishing, and climbing trees. Western influence is also clearly documented, as the views of the Tonga Royal Palace (an ornate structure with definitive Victorian influences) and panoramic shots of Honolulu attest. A wonderful album, with profound historical and cultural significance. $7500.

136. Kelsey, Albert Warren: AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL NOTES AND MEMORANDA. [Baltimore: Munder-Thomsen Press, 1911]. 3-129,[1] pp. Frontispiece portrait. Original red cloth, gilt-stamped covers and spine. Presentation inscription on fly leaf. Private library stamp on front free end- paper and titlepage. Very good. One of 200 copies. The author relates in striking detail his experiences as a na- val officer in the Civil War, as a semi-aristocratic carpetbagger during southern reconstruction, and during the 1877 St. Louis railway riots. Richly detailed and opinion-laden, this autobiography is a vivid picture of the American landscape in the latter half of the 19th century. $325. 137. Dewey, George, Admiral: [TYPESCRIPT, SIGNED (“ ADMIRAL OF THE NAVY”), OF ADMIRAL GEORGE DEWEY’S ARTICLE, “NEEDED – A POWERFUL NAVY”]. Wash- ington, D.C. Dec. 7, 1912. 3pp., on Department of the Navy letterhead; with [1]p. typed letter of submission, signed, to William Griffith (editor of the National Sunday Magazine) in New York City. Quarto. A few light pencil marks in margin. In a folding cloth case, leather label.

An article for the National Sunday Magazine by Admiral Dewey (1837-1917), the hero of the in the Spanish American War and the only man to ever attain the rank of Admiral of the Navy. Here is a mere excerpt:

Wars are certain to come and the nation must be prepared. The history of all ages has shown that the proper provision for peace is preparedness for war. A large Navy makes for peace and is an economical asset to the nation, pos- sessing it. National supineness has cost us much in the past and we can not afford to have it repeated. Cornwallis was not properly supported by the Navy and England lost her colonies; Napoleon fell because Villeneuve was no match for Nelson. The Confederacy lost because the Federal Navy blockaded all its ports shutting off supplies and revenues. After Spain’s navy was destroyed her colonial posses- sions were no longer tenable. The defeat of the Russian Navy by the Japanese decided the Russia-Japanese War. in its recent war had command of the sea and Turkey had to make peace. The Greek Navy at the present time has been a powerful factor in the success of the Balkan states against Turkey. To have a weak navy courts attack, disaster and defeat. Diplomatic demands in international affairs will be heeded only if a nation has the necessary force to back them up. The navy is always an important factor in international settle- ments. This nation can not afford to be content, to have our navy, relegated from second to fourth or fifth place. The Spanish-American War, which lasted about one hundred days, cost us approximately five hundred million dollars – about four times the total an- nual expenditure for the Navy. And this does not include the yearly pensions resulting therefrom, to say nothing of the lives sacrificed.... The United States in recent years has become a world power necessitating the assuming of corresponding responsibilities. These obligations our representative citizens are willing to accept, but turn to our military experts for guidance, and their studies and not political or economic conditions must decide. We must have a navy not to wage but to prevent war. It must be a well balanced Navy. That is battleships with the proper proportion of auxiliaries. Such as , scouts to supply, repair ships, etc.; but battleships are paramount, and the building of them must continue. It requires three years to build a battleship and they can not be bought or improvised. Battleships deteriorate and become obsolete in time.... $5000. A Dramatic Firsthand Account of the Sinking of the Lusitania

138. [Lusitania]: Beattie, Allan: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED (“LOVE TO ALL, ALLAN”), FROM ALLAN BEATTIE TO MARC (BOWMAN), A TWELVE-PAGE SURVIVOR’S ACCOUNT OF THE SINKING OF THE LUSITANIA]. Folkestone [England]. May 15, 1915. [12]pp. Pen and ink on letterhead of Coman’s Hotel, 21 & 23 Castle Hill Avenue. 15 lines per page (approximately 750 words). Quarto. With typed transcript. Old folds, large pinhole in top center margin. Old envelope of Lewis-Clark Hotel, Lewiston, Idaho, with “Allan Beatty’s letter” in ink. Fine. In a half morocco and cloth box, leather labels.

A dramatic and detailed account by a survivor of the sinking of the Lusitania. Allan Beattie, eighteen, of Winnipeg, travelling Second Cabin with his mother Grace, was sitting on the hurricane deck when the ship was struck.

I got an awful smash in the back from the water and was thrown about thirty feet on my face. I got up and ran down stairs people were pouring up from the decks below and I caught sight of Mother. I ran up to her and kissed her goodbye, then I lost her for a while....I thought to myself I haven’t much of chance if I don’t get a life belt so I thought a minute and then rushed down to my own stateroom and grabbed my own belt....I had to hang on the side of my bed to get a hold of it. The lights were practically all out.

He gave away the first life belt he found, then went down three decks to his state- room to get his own life belt. Returning topside despite “a pretty hard time,” he met his mother again.

She says, “I am not nervous I don’t think there is much danger do you?” I replied that “It looked about as bad as it could” and I told her to take my life belt but she refused, I made her put it on after promising that I would get another. I kissed her goodbye again and just as I got the top straps of her life belt tied, the boat went down. I was sent sliding the whole width of the deck.

Allan was flung free, and was soon picked up by a life boat. He describes how the boat soon became perilously crowded. When another boat was located, survivors were shifted across. In due course his boat was rescued by the Flying Fish, and the survivors were brought to Queenstown. Beattie (whose first name is given as “Allen” in list of survivors), writes his correspondent: “Mother is gone, and altho we have not heard of her I don’t think that she can be alive.” Beattie appears to have been one of the Lusitania survivors who were profoundly traumatized by the incident. He was rejected from military service because of poor eyesight and was reported to have suffered a series of breakdowns beginning in 1920, and was unable to hold steady employment. A remarkable, detailed narrative by a survivor of one of the most notorious maritime disasters of the 20th century, written in the immediate aftermath of the event, by a young man whose actions show proof of calmness in the tumult. $15,000.

139. [Samoa Photographica]: Williams, Eddy: [TWO ALBUMS OF ORIGINAL PHOTOGRAPHS OF SCENES ON SAMOA, TO- GETHER WITH ADDITIONAL MATERIAL DOCUMENTING THE CAREER OF THE PHOTOGRAPHER, NAVY PHARMA- CIST EDDY WILLIAMS]. [Samoa. 1918-1919]. 384 total original pho- tographic prints, ranging in size from 1¾ x 2¼ to 6½ x 8½ inches, housed in two contemporary photo albums; together with other contemporary material, described below. Albums are oblong quarto (leatherette, string-tied) and ob- long octavo (cloth, string-tied). General wear to album covers. Most of the album leaves are detached and loosely laid in, but the photographs are gener- ally securely affixed. An occasional photograph is torn, but on the whole the images are in very good condition.

A fascinating collection of original photographs of Samoa, taken by an American sailor stationed on board the U.S.S. Mercy in the Pacific in the late 1910s. None of the photographs appear to be commercially produced, and on the whole the albums provide an important visual record of life on these small Pacific islands, which housed a significant American naval base, at the close of . Some of the photographs contain manuscript captions, explaining the place or object depicted. The photographs were taken in several locations, including Pago Pago, Tau, Suifaga, and Tuituila. Many of the photographs show native Samoan men and women, and a few depict local tattoos and tattooing. Others show sites around the islands, vegetation, landscapes, buildings, harbors, etc. There are also pictures of Samoan men dressed and lined up for military service, and American servicemen in native Samoan garb or in their own uniforms. The person who took these photographs and compiled the albums was Eddy Williams, a Chief Pharmacists Mate in the United States Navy from 1914 to 1935. Born in Fall River, Massachusetts in 1892, he had a long and active career, serving mostly in the Pacific or at naval bases on the West Coast. It is likely that Wil- liams supplemented his own photographs with images from other sources, perhaps some of his fellow crew members. Among the additional material in the collection are several official U.S. Navy certificates tracing Eddy Williams’ career. Foremost among these is his copy of his service record, tracing his career in the Navy from his enlistment in 1914 through his retirement from active duty in 1935. Also included are several certificates, one showing his completion of a course in chemical warfare in the Naval Petty Officers’ Course, two certificates of honorable discharge, and one certificate of transfer in the Naval reserve. There are also two printed volumes describing the mission of the ship U.S.S. Mercy, on which Williams served, and listing the men who served on board, with photographic illustrations. An impressive collection of original photographs of Samoa at the close of World War I, uncommon in the number of images, and in the intrinsic interest of the subject matter. $2850.

140. [World War II]: [ Japanese Military]: [THE PHILIPPINE EXPEDI- TIONARY FORCE. Translated from Japanese]. [Manila. 1943]. [103] leaves. Printed in Japanese characters. Original red cloth spine and printed paper boards. Spine neatly repaired. Contents generally clean. Very good. Pictorial account of the Japanese invasion of the Philippines, published as a propa- ganda piece to support and commemorate the endeavor. Photographs are captioned in Japanese, and include images of Japanese soldiers involved in actions all over the Philippines, as well as a grateful populace. One image shows Japanese soldiers handing out treats to Filipino children. There are also several photographs of American POWs; one image shows men lying in hospital beds, others show them seated in large groups. An interesting pictorial history. $750.

141. [World War II]: THE BEARER HAS CEASED RESISTANCE TREAT HIM IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL LAW. TAKE HIM TO THE NEAREST COMMANDING OFFI- CER [caption title]. [Np. ca. 1944]. Leaflet, 5 x 8 inches. Old fold lines. Very minor soiling. Near fine. A surrender leaflet dropped over Japanese troops by the U.S. Navy during World War II. Below the title is an English language translation of the Japanese text printed on the verso. This “Life Saving Leaflet” indicates that good treatment will be given to the bearer, and gives instructions on its use. Step one is “Come slowly toward the American line with your hands raised high above your head, and carry only this leaflet,” followed by admonitions not to come forward in large groups and not to approach the lines at night. Thousands of similar leaflets were dropped over Japanese lines, though very few soldiers utilized them, preferring to fight rather than surrender. $175.

142. [World War II in the Pacific]: CONSTRUCTION PICTURES OF MIOS WOENDI, -EAST-INDIES. 55 U.S. NA- VAL CONSTRUCTION BATTALION. 1944. Mios Woendi. 1944. Three pages of typed index, followed by sixty-two photographs, each measur- ing 5 x 6½ inches. Photographs numbered in lower right corner (corresponding to index) and backed by linen. Oblong 12mo. Original Plexiglas binding, brad bound, with a cover reading: “Construction Photographs 55th Seabee’s.” The photographs are clean and clear. Near fine. A very interesting album of photographs documenting the construction of the U.S. Navy Base on the tiny island of Mios Woendi during World War II. Located in the Dutch East Indies near Indonesia, Mios Woendi was an important base for American PT boats and for larger ships as well. The photographs in this album show the construction of the base by the U.S. Navy construction battalion known as the “Seabees.” The photographs give aerial views of the island, the dense foliage, the Seabee’s camp, and dozens of detailed views of all stages of the construction of the base. Also dozens of PT boats – this could be “McHale’s Navy.” Likely produced in a very small number for military authorities and participants in the construction. We are unable to locate any other copies. $600.

143. Olds, Irving S.: BITS AND PIECES OF AMERICAN HISTORY. AS TOLD BY A COLLECTION OF AMERICAN NAVAL AND OTHER HISTORICAL PRINTS AND PAINTINGS.... New York. 1951. 463pp. Quarto. Cloth, pictorial onlay. Very good, with the bookplate of Malcolm Stearns, Jr., and a letter to Irving Olds laid in. Olds was president of U.S. Steel, president of The Grolier Club, chairman of The Walpole Society, and an avid collector. This book about his collection of Naval prints, a marvelous reference, was limited to 500 copies. $375.

144. Rickover, Hyman G., Admiral: [TYPED LETTER, SIGNED, FROM ADMIRAL HUMAN RICKOVER TO U.S. REPRESENTATIVE SEYMOUR HALPERN, REPORTING THE FIRST SEA TRIALS OF THE NUCLEAR SUBMARINE U.S.S. GEORGE WASHING- TON CARVER, GIVING A LENGTHY AND DETAILED AC- COUNT OF CARVER’S LIFE]. “At Sea, North Atlantic.” May 8, 1966. 3pp., single spaced, on letterhead of the “USS George Washington Carver.” Very good. In a quarto half morocco and cloth clamshell box, leather labels. Rickover opens with a brief paragraph: We have just successfully completed the first set of trials of our 37th Polaris nuclear submarine. The U.S.S. George Washington Carver was built by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, Newport News, Vir- ginia. We also have in operation 22 attack type nuclear submarines, making a total of 59. The remainder of Rickover’s letter, and the bulk of it, consists of a remarkable eulogy of the ship’s namesake, George Washington Carver, and a lengthy and moving ac- count of Carver’s life from his humble beginnings through his distinguished career of discovery and invention. $1500.