![The American Legion [Volume 118, No. 2 (February 1985)]](http://data.docslib.org/img/d99f849c42590f805d1fc066fd58e34c-1.webp)
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City/State _ -Zip THE AMERICAN
The Magazine for a Strong America
Vol. 118, No. 2 February 1985 ART MEXICO: A TICKING TIME BOMB? 16 A time for tough decisions south of the border. By Philip C. Clarke
A U.S. ASSESSMENT 19 An interview with U.S. Ambassador to Mexico John A. Gavin.
COMPUTERS IN DEFENSE: ALLY OR ENEMY? 20
A mixed blessing, computers can endanger a nation or help ensure its survival. By Jack Cushman
CAREERS THE SECOND TIME AROUND 22
Retirement is not having to say you're finished. By Phyllis Zauner
AMERICA'S MOST SCENIC ROADWAYS 24
Sit back and let beauty be your traveling companion. By Paul Martin
THINK TANKS: THE POWER OF IDEAS 26 Mind-Power—An increasing force on the political scene. By Jay Stuller REMEMBER V"— MAIL? 28 WWII wives, mothers and loved ones thought it was "see" mail. By William L. Noyer II' LEGION URGES STRONGER U.S. -MEXICAN TIES 33 An American Legion position.
WINNING THE 'COLD WAR' 70 Poker games are, indeed, something to sneeze about. By Edward Edelson
z p ^ - ^ - H T S
BIG ISSUES 13 Should English Be The Official U.S. Language?
PERSPECTIVE 15 The Soviets' Best Investment. By Col. Lawrence L. Tracy, USA
LETTERS 3 LEGION NEWS 34 OUTFIT REUNIONS 42
COMMANDER'S MESSAGE 7 LEGIONNAIRES IN ACTION 35 NEWS TO USE 44
DATELINE WASHINGTON 11 PROFILES IN SERVICE 36 ORBEN'S WORLD 62
VETERANS UPDATE 31 POST OF THE MONTH 40 PARTING SHOTS 72
THE COVER U.S. -Mexico border at Tijuana, Mexico. Lester Sloan/Contact
The American Legion Magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is published monthly by The American Legion for its 2.5 million members. These military-service veterans, work- ing through 16,000 community-level Posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and traditional American values; a strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service, and the wholesome development of our nation's youth. Enjoy Canada more. Take a VIA Rail Canada tour.
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job in supporting our servicemen, wel- in a veterans' hospital or extended Fkeedom Fighters coming them home and into our great care facility. He died Nov. 7th. The Perspective (November) on aid- organization. I am 75 and not a veteran, but I see ing Nicaragua's Freedom Fighters by Raymond W. Gimmler the temporary glow of recognition for PNC Keith Kreul should do well in East Rockaway, N.Y. the Vietnam veterans fading as the broadening the perspective of our con- years go by, unless we keep the gressmen and national leaders on the significance of their sacrifice alive. controversy in Central America. In the great anonymity of the Vet- With Cuba as an example of a lesson Veteran Care erans Cemetery in Bourne, Mass., learned, any congressman in doubt as Harry Walter's projections under where my friend is buried, his stone at to our objective for aiding the Nicara- "Caring For The Older Veteran" (De- least will bear the legend, "You stand guan Freedom Fighters should be sent cember) may well be sabotaged as the free because he fought." Those words should on every a personal copy. economic and political power structure be veterans' memorial in this J. B. King becomes laced with those who gained marker Rodenback, Germany an educational and time advantage country even if they have to be added over the Vietnam veteran by acquiring to each now. If we have only educational deferment or in other sentimental inscriptions such as "to
the and of . . . VrWII Parades ways avoided service. men women who served their country," no one will "We Didn't Ask For Parades" (Oc- Ten, twenty and thirty years from see the im- pact of their present freedom and be tober 1984) points out again the power now when veterans need and deserve willing to care for "he has borne of the media: The author, like many help, the power structure will be seeded who the battle and for his widow and his others, fell for a media myth. For the with those people who conditioned orphan." record, there were no parades or na- themselves to believe that Vietnam was Williayn D. Hersey tional homecomings for WWII and Ko- an "immoral war." Norton, Mass. rean War veterans. Korean veterans Your article: "The Great War Vet- didn't need them; while the Vietnam erans: Reflections on Patriotism" servicemen did because of the constant (December) ties in to this. I was conser- media coverage of anti-military and vator for a WWI veteran since Febru- Sunday Voting anti-war demnstrations. And they got ary 1984. No one in the VA and no one In Dateline Washington (November) them. We in The American Legion and in any veterans' organization gave him you report that Rep. Mario Biaggi, other veteran organizations did our any help. There was no place for him D.-N.Y., introduced legislation that would change national election day from Tuesday to Sunday in order to TALM: An Advertising Eldorado increase voter turnout. I feel that the politicians do the Attentive readers 5,000,000 other readers of the Magazine country a disservice by always trying will notice form one of the demographically at- some most to increase voter turnout. It is clear to new and different tractive marketplaces in America. Here is me that the people who need to be ads appearing in mainstream America at its best. encouraged to vote are really not that this issue of The • Working through 16,000 local Posts, interested and have probably not American Legion Legion members are a true grassroots studied the Magazine — includ- public opinion and policy action force issues. ing the ad on the one of the most effective in the nation, I personally would be happier if opposite page. This especially for national security issues. those disinterested, uninformed people is one of the happy • The Magazine covers and gets across would stay home rather than go to the results of the to Washington, state capitals and city polls only to vote according to who- changes we've been halls in a way unmatched by other publi- ever spent the most money on TV making in the Magazine's editorial focus cations. For instance, 47 U.S. senators commercials. and graphic appearance. Advertisers are are Legion members, as are 140 U.S. Conrad Driussi responding no less positively than Legion representatives and the President and Ridgecrest, Calif. members and their families. vice president. The Legion leadership is, naturally, • Legion Magazine ad rates offer one encouraging the addition of more high- of the best communications bargains in quality advertising in the Magazine. Ad the country. In fact, our advertising cost The Right Mix? revenues obviously help offset the stead- per reader is a fraction of that offered by four articles on the ily increasing costs of staffing, production anything comparable. The Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines (Do and distribution. They also help finance With all these pluses, you might ask, We the continued strengthening of this main why aren't there even more ads? The an- Have The Right Mix?) in November channel of communication between the swer is that it takes time to get these were very interesting. Now, let's hear Legion and its members and the public. points across to decision-makers in the ad about the U.S. Coast Guard, the hard are national advertisers inter- Why . world. BUT we're working on that . . nucleus about which the Navy forms in ested in the Legion Magazine its look still and and forward to producing more time of war— an armed service and
readership? Because . . . signs of progress soon, for you who read much more. • The 2,500,000 Legion members and as well as advertise. The Editors Cehert and Edna Bryan Portland, Ore.
FEBRUARY 1985 3 .
''^yioifj:''Qndian Oil CATCHES FISH LIKE CRAZY!
I made this remarkable discovery when my son went on his first fishing trip with me. We hired this old Indian guide in a small town in Wisconsin. When our guide showed Mark how to bait his hook, I noticed that he rubbed something on the bait just before Mark put the line in the lake. Within minutes Mark had himself a beautiful bass. You can imagine how pleased I was and Mark, of course, wanted more. So the whole thing was repeated — the guide put on the bait, rubbed it again, and up popped another beauty.
Meanwhile, I sat there patiently waiting for my first fish.
This went on all morning. Mark caught 30 bass and I got eight.
When I pulled the boat in at noon and paid off our Indian guide, I noticed that a small, unusual seed had apparently fallen from the guide's pocket into the bot- tom of our boat. The odor from the seed was quite strong and certainly different from anything I had ever it uork.1 for smelled before. This was what he had rubbed on Mark's ,ne- ^^•""Idn-I be without bait! I, Hulbutt, Duluth When we returned home the next day, I gave the seed to a chemist friend of mine. He analyzed it and dupli- cated it into a spray for me.
I could hardly wait for my next fishing trip. What Here's what fishermen I discovered on that trip was absolutely unbelievable. I have never before caught fish like that. Every time I say about my spray: baited my hook. I sprayed it and up popped another fish.
I tested some more. I put spray on one bait and no-
thing on another. The sprayed bait got the fish almost "/ read your ad and found it hard to believe-
immediately. The unsprayed bait got some nibbles, but but sent for it anyhow cause I'm not very nothing more. lucky-after one day, I'm a believer-I caught Snook and Sea Bass-it was easy!" I gave some of my friends samples of the spray to try D.D. Naples, Fla. and the results were the same—they caught fish like never before. "/ always keep a can in my tackle box. It's
I named my spray "CATCH FISH LIKE CRAZY" fantastic!" Evansville, Ind. cause that's just what it does and it works with all kinds K.S. fish. It equally well on of fresh or salt water works "/ made a mistake on my first order! I only artificial or live bait. ordered two cans! Now, I want four more cans. That stuff really works! We caught Crappie like crazy all this week-it was really f/?££ BOm^ OFFER! exciting." "What yi)U xay i.s true. I caught fish 1985 Fisherman's Almanac . . . Tells Best Days L.B.S. McAlester, Okla. like cmzy-il really work.'^!"
and Times To Fish . . . FREE with Orders of Two J. Hannon. Chicago, 111. or More Cans.
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Enclosed is $ tor spray cans. If I don't CATCH FISH LIKE CRAZY you will refund my money at once. 2 cans $10 (SAVE $2) plus $1.50 post. & fidlq — FREE BONUS GIFT! 1 can $6 plus $.75 post. & fidlg. sales tax. 4 cans $16 (SAVE $8) POSTAGE FREE- FREE BONUS GIFTI III. Res. add 6% Charge my VISA fwlASTER CARD .our money — ^ OUPON Card # Expiration Date SEN?. PRINT NAtViE
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THE AMERICAN
LEGION Greyhound Salutes the American Legion. MAGAZINE
Editorial Offices 700 North Pennsylvania St. 15% P.O. 1055 OFF Box Indianapolis, IN 46206 317-635-841 for American Legion Clarence M. Bacon National Commander members. James N. Sites Publisher/Editor in Chief Daniel S. Wheeler Assistant Publisher/Editor Raymond H. Mahon Managing Editor Michael D. LaBonne Senior Editor Ward A. Beckham Staff Writer Simon Smith Art Director
William L. Poff Production Manager
Advertising Coordinator Bernice Holbrook The American Legion Magazine P.O. Box 7068 Indianapolis, IN 46207 317-635-8411 See more of Advertising Representative Robert Redden Assoc., Inc. P.O. Box 999, Teaneck, NJ 07666 America. For less. 201-837-5511 As a member of the American Legion, you The American Legion your family are eligible for off on Magazine Commission and now 15% Milford A. Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, Greyhound. Just show us your current American SC; James V. Kissner, Vice Chairman, Palatine, IL; James R. Kelley, National Com- Legion membership card when you buy your ticket, mander's Representative, Wayne, PA; Nor- man Biebel, Belleville, IL; Adoiph F. Bremer, and we'll take 15% off the standard fare for any trip Winona, MN;' Victor Broom, Fulton, MS; within the continental \Nayne J. Painter, Milv^raukee, Wl; Eugene J. U.S. Kelley, Savannah, GA; Frank J. Holcshuh, It's a little something extra for those have given so Youngstovi^n, OH; Russell H. Laird, Des who Moines, lA; Arthur M. McDowell, In- much to our country. So next trip, go Greyhound for 1 5% less. dianapolis, IN; Nathaniel J. McKee, Princeton, NJ; J. Fred Mitchell, Brewton, AL; Offer good tfirough June 30, 1985, on Greyhound Lines only. Not valid in Canada. Dependents must travel J. H. Morris, Baton Rouge, LA; E. Bruce with an American Legion member. No other discounts apply. Certain restrictions apply on children's fares. Penny, Seattle, WA; George G. Sinopoli, Fresno, CA; Ralph L. Smith, Bartlesville, OK; Dev^^ey C. Spencer, Mabelvale, AR; Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, CT; George J. Zanos Sr., Wellsburg, WV; Margaret M. Malone, Consul- tant, Trenton, NJ; Casimir F. Sojka, Consul- GREYHOUND tant, Nev*/ Rochelle, NY. GO And leave the driving to us. 1984 Greyhound Lines, Inc. Copyright 1985 by The American Legion
Price: annual subscription, $12.00; single copy, $1.50 To subscribe, send $12.00 Legionnaires: ($18.00 in foreign countries) to Circulation Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. DON'T LEAVE HOME WITHOUT IT! Change of Address: Notify your local Post Adjutant and The American Legion's Circula- Your American Legion Membership Card entitles you to special tion Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. Attach old address label, provide old rates at some of tlie nation's finest motels and auto rental agencies, and new addresses and current membership on Greyliound buses and from Sears' Allstate IVIotor Club and Tlie card number. Allow 8 weeks for change of address to take effect. American Legion Life Insurance Plan. Save the tear-out benefit
To request microfilm copies, please write to: card in the Magazine's January issue and use it to cash in on . . . University Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 THE AMERICAN LEGION'S FAMILY BENEFIT PLAN Member Audit Bureau of Circulations
FEBRUARY 1985 5 .
RECaiDS or WUR UFE! You can now enjoy the most truly beautiful and memory- collection. Yes! Here are the most loved records of your life! stirring listening experience you've ever heard. Thanks to 50 different recordings so universally popular that each special arrangements with America's major record com- sold over a million copies... 50 of the most loved record- panies we can now offer you 50 of the world's most loved, ings ever made ... by 50 of the most loved stars and groups heart-touching recordings. . .a// in one extraordinary of all time! And here they are!
ru Never FaU in Release Me Because of You «Too Young Spanish Eyes Love Again Engelbert Tony Bennett Nat King Cole Al Martino 1 Tom Jones Humperdinck Heartaches by Till I Waltz Again Chances Are Beyond the Sea the Number with You Johnny Mathis Bobby Darin Time Guy Mitchell the Three Suns Theresa Brewer
Somewhere My Roses Are It's Just a I Remember * ^^^^ Vaya Con Dios Love Red Matter of Time YouYoii LesPaul Ray Conniff Bobby Vinton Brook Benton Frank Ifield ^ and Mary Ford Return To Me] Blueberry The Three Melody Moments to Dean Martin Hill BeUs of Love Remember Fats Domino The Browns Billy Vaughn The Four Lads Make the World Unchained Tennessee Only Fascination t ^ Jane Morgan Go Away Melody Eddy Arnold Al Hibbler Patti Page
I agree that this is of Double-Length Records (each in its selections are full length and that must one ready ordered. No other treasury the most beautiful treasuries ever made or you will refund my own jacket) ... or 3 Cassette Tapes or ever offered can compare with money immediately. 3 8-Track Tapes. The price? Only I enclose $19.98. Send 3 Record Albums. it. of all-time Every one the 50 $6.66 each! All 3 for only $19.98. And I enclose $19.98. Send 3 8-Track Tapes. favorite recordings is full we unconditionally guarantee you'll I enclose $19.98. Send 3 Cassette Tapes. length., .exactly as originally play these remarkable music trea- Charge to my Visa MasterCard Amer Exp. Diners Club recorded. Listening to these suries more than any you own . . . and Card No. . Expires - enjoy them more ... or they won't cost never-equalled, million-seller fa- you a penny But you must order now. Name. vorites will stir more memories These treasuries are not sold in any Address ...and give you more pleasure store and we may not repeat this
. . . than any other treasury you've advertisement in this publication. Be City . State- .Zip- ever owned. sure to mail the no-risk coupon today COMMANDER'S MESSAGE
Americanism Is An Important Gift To Offer Our Youtii
Following WWI, social unrest in right to the heart of educating our America was growing daily. youth about good citizenship and how Veterans returned to find their to make our republic work. old jobs taken by those who had Legion Baseball provides a vehicle stayed behind, socialist organizations to practice the fundamentals of the were inciting dissatisfied citizens and very essence of the American spirit. the nation's resources were hard-put to The American Legion has always handle the human and economic distress. advocated a secure nation built on As the founders of The American preparedness and a strong defense. Legion met in 1919 to nail together the Producing defense hardware is an as- planks from which the organization sembly line process. Producing an would be built, they realized a true adult citizenry with an appreciation of appreciation of our nation's heritage the heritage and principles of America by the public was absolutely essential and a willingness to defend those to stabilize America's course and set principles is not. direction for the future. The longevity of these outstanding The founders knew the future of the examples speaks for itself. If the pro- nation lay with its young people and grams had not been accepted as a val- The American Legion was not going to uable part of the educational process let America's most precious resource Natl. Cdr. Clarence M. Bacon in America, they would have faded be misguided by the radical social and into obscurity. ." political philosophies of the time. And, whatever manner practicable . . This year we have a prime oppor- although it took them several years to The long-standing relationship with tunity to lead Americans in publicly put original programs in place, two the Scouting program was begun. acknowledging our founders and es- visionary resolutions were adopted at In 1925 our founders went one step sential worth of the programs they the 1919 national convention that set further and resolved that "athletic created more than half a century ago. into motion the wheels of the Legion's competitions conducted under proper Hundreds of thousands of young- Americanism programs. direction are the best known means of sters have taken advantage of our
The first established a National Amer- teaching . . . good sportsmanship, an Americanism programs and have used icanism Commission. Its purpose was essential quality of good citizenship, them to build strong bodies, agile to "realize in the United States the and in addition have genuine civic minds and a firm understanding of basic ideal of this Legion of 100 per- value." In short, physically fit bodies what America is all about. Hundreds cent Americanism through the plan- maintain sharp minds, and healthy of thousands more are waiting in the ning, establishment and conduct of a competition promotes the principles of wings for encouragement to participate. continuous, constructive educational self-reliance, team spirit and plajdng In this anniversary year of so many
system . . . inculcate the ideals of the game fairly. American Legion Americanism activities, reach out to Americanism in the civilian population Baseball was born. the young adults in your community
. . . spread throughout the people of Each of these programs has proved and offer them the same opportunities the nation information as to the real its worth, time and again. Scouting given to others during the past dec- nature and principles of American — with its emphasis on service to God ades. We need them to keep America
government . . . and foster and teach and country and its activities true to the principles of justice, free- Americanism in all schools." encouraging youngsters to develop dom and democracy. Thus, began Boys State and the high moral standards, mental alert- And, while you're at it, strongly High School Oratorical programs. ness arid good health — provides the encourage those veterans who have A second vote taken by the conven- framework and proper attitude for fond memories of their Scouting, Boys tion "resolved that The American setting and achieving high goals. State and oratorical and baseball days Legion heartily commends the princi- Boys State and the National High to join you and join The American ples and achievements of the Boy School Oratorical program, in teaching Legion in this necessary and worth- Scouts, and recommends that each the function of government and the while effort. After all, they're the ones post assist Scouts in its community in principles of the Constitution, get who proved the programs work.
FEBRUARY 1985 7 —
Announcing
THE NATIONAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY CIVIL WAR CHESS SET
Richly detailed portrait sculptures of great American heroes — in solid pewter, solid brass and fine enamels. A heirloom chess set to be enjoyed for generations. Created by the world-famous craftsmen of The Franklin Mint.
THE NATIONAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY is This extraordinary new chess set will be Every sculpture, moreover, will be so dedicated to bringing the excitement and crafted to the highest standards of quality rich with authentic detail that only the power of American history — as well as its and historical authenticity. The National artists and master craftsmen of The Frank- significance — to people in every part of Historical Society has appointed The lin Mint, steeped as they are in the tradi- the land. Franklin Mint to create the sculptures, tion of precision coinage, could have
It is in keeping with this purpose that each of which will be a new and original achieved it. Indeed, every nuance of facial
the Society is about to issue its own Civil design. Some figures will be shown stand- expression, uniform and weaponry — right War Chess Set. A dramatic tribute to the ing, some seated, some kneeling, some down to the buttons, braiding, sabers and heroes of both North and South — and a mounted on horseback. And each figure carbines —will be depicted with meticu- work all the more intriguing because the will be painstakingly crafted of solid pew- lous accuracy. playing pieces include richly detailed ter, hand-finished, then set atop a solid Thus, The National Historical Society
three-dimensional portrait sculptures of brass pedestal base embellished with a cir- Civil War Chess Set is also a magnificent the great Generals of Union and Confed- cular band of richly colored enamel blue collection. A triumphant achievement of eracy, captured for the ages in solid pew- for the soldiers of the North, gray for portrait sculpture —and the ultimate in ter, solid brass and fine enamels. those of the South. micro-detailed miniaturization.
ALL FIGURES SHOWN ACTUAL SIZE.
Major Genera! Major General William Tecumseh Sherman J.E.B. Stuart BISHOP KNIGHT
General in Chief General in Chief
Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee KING KING
Available only by direct subscription. Issue Price: $17.50 per sculptured chess piece.
Limit: One complete set per subscriber. Please enter your subscription by February 28, 1985. —
This handsome pewter-finished chessboard and fitted presentation case will be provided as part of the set.
A dramatic showpiece The chessmen will be issued to you at SUBSCRIPTION APPLICATION
for your home or office the attractive price of $17.50 each, with The National Historical Society the specially designed playing board and The chessmen themselves are scaled so CIVIL WAR CHESS SET protective case provided at no additional that each one will suit the function as- Please mail by February 28, 1985: charge. As a subscriber, you will receive signed to it in the game of chess. And the two sculptured pieces every other month. The National Historical Society handsomely crafted, pewter-finished play- c/o The Franklin Mint You will, however, be billed for only one ing board has been sized with equal care. Franklin Center, Pennsylvania 19091 chessman at a time a total of just $17.50 Specially fitted, to also serve as the cover — Please enter my subscription for The National per month. In addition, you will have the Historical Society Civil War Chess Set, consist- for the case which will house all 32 playing ing of 32 chessmen. option to complete your set earlier, if you pieces, the board completes a presentation I need send no money now. I will receive wish — but you will be under no obligation new playing pieces every other month, so attractive that the chess set will be two to do so. but will be billed for just one piece at a time played and displayed with pride satis- and $17.50* per month — beginning when my Here, then, is a work that will bring faction. A Certificate of Authenticity, and first shipment is ready to be sent. I will receive the fitted presentation case and pewter- specially written reference materials, will lasting pleasure to chess enthusiasts, his- finished chess board at no additional charge. tory buffs, collectors of military minia- also be provided. 'Plus my state sates tax and $.50 Exhibited on a table or cabinet in your tures — to anyone who appreciates our per chessman for stiipping and handling. living nation's heritage. Indeed, it is an unmis- room, family room, den or office, Signature takably set, will this is a possession certain to evoke both American chess that make a dramatic addition to any room. And an Mr. /Mrs. /Miss admiration and respect from all who see it. A unique tribute to unique Americans. A exciting showpiece that will be displayed, Address work of heirloom quality, that will bring enjoyed and treasured by each succeed- ing you endless pleasure through the years. generation. City And a chess set eminently worthy of being To acquire The National Historical Soci- State, Zip passed on from generation to generation. ety Civil War Chess Set, no advance pay- Limit: One complete set per subscriber. The subscription rolls are now open. ment is required. But please note that the Canadian residents will be billed $49. (Cdn. for The $) work may be obtained only by direct accompanying Subscription Application is each shipment of two chess pieces, payable in two subscription, with a limit of one complete dated and should be returned postmarked equal monthly installments, with the first payment due prior to shipment. oyn set per subscriber. by February 28, 1985. "ALLSTATE MOTOR CLUB INVITES YOU TO COMPARE OTHER MOTOR CLUBS WITH OUR OWN!" ^.^^-^C^
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Annual dues include a subscription to DISCOVERY' Magazine at $2 a year "Only one discount per memberstiip is applicable. Top Recruits for the Military high school seniors does not go to college, while half of those who do go, drop out. The panel also reported an in- The quality of U.S. military recruits continued to rise in creasing number of college undergraduates are majoring in according to defense officials. Of the 291,000 men and 1984, narrow specialties, and many are abandoning the tradi- 37,000 women who enlisted last year, 93 percent were high tional arts and science fields. Almost half of the 1,000 school graduates from 91 percent in 1983. Defense — up majors and programs offered by American colleges today spokesmen were quick to note that the percentage vastly are in occupational fields. exceeded national figures that show approximately 75 per- Figures also show that fewer students are pursuing cent of the nation's youth with high school diplomas. careers as professors, with an 89 percent decline from 1966 The Air Force leads the services with 99 percent of its to 1982. Moreover, universities are turning to more part- ranks having high school diplomas. The Marine Corps has time faculty members because of lack of funds. Over 41 95 percent; the Navy, 93; and the Army, traditionally hav- percent of all staff members in 1980 were part-timers. ing the greatest difficulty in attracting high quality re- The panel called for drastic changes in higher education, cruits, shows 91 percent. urging that more attention be given to freshmen and Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger said 1984 also sophomores, and that all undergraduates be required to marked another banner year in retention despite an im- take two years of liberal arts courses. proved economic environment, allowing the military to be more selective in keeping high quality members with spe- cific skills. However, Weinberger warned that "the sus- A New Breed of Mafia tained economic recovery will provide challenges that will Just when law enforcement officials thought they had all ." require continued congressional and public support . . to they could handle trying to keep the Mafia in the United maintain top-notch people. States under control, new crime cartels from the Far East are emerging in major U.S. cities. Appeals Court Judge Irving Kaufman, chairman of Exploring tlie Near Universe U.S. the President's Commission on Organized Crime, said, A dazzling series of explorations into space are planned "Americans today are victimized not only by traditional by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration into crime groups, but also by new criminal networks in narco- the year 2000, funds permitting. tics trafficking, gambling, extortion and prostitution." A core program of 13 thrusts into the solar system is According to Kaufman, many of these foreign operations scheduled for all regions of the "near universe", i.e., all are highly structured and disciplined and have been operat- bodies in the solar system except the sun and Earth. ing virtually unnoticed by the American pubhc. The com- NASA, which in 1983 launched a joint mission with the mission said these crime groups must be stopped before Netherlands and the United Kingdom into infrared as- they have the opportunity to proliferate. One reason for the tronomy, is planning to set up a space telescope in 1986 urgency is that 65 percent of the marijuana and nearly all of in cooperation with the European Space Agency. A the cocaine and heroin used in the United States today roentgen-ray satellite project will be conducted with West come from abroad, with a big chunk of those drugs coming Germany as a partner. from Asian countries. Among the specific goals of NASA over the next 15 years Two such syndicates are known as the "Chinese Triad are to understand the origin, evolution and present state of Societies," based primarily in Hong Kong, and the our solar system, and the relationship between the chemi- "Japanese Jakuza," operating out of Tokyo. Both groups cal and physical evolution of this system and the appear- function much like the La Cosa Nostra in this country. ance of life on Earth. Kaufman said evidence indicates the Japanese crime groups are involved in a new form of corporate extortion. Their agents, called "sokaiya," become shareholders of target Colleges Must improve. Too corporations and then disrupt meetings through violence or Even as the federal government struggles to upgrade the filibuster techniques unless their costly demands are met quality of education in our nation's grammar and high by the corporate treasury. schools, a panel of prominent educators has warned the administration that our colleges and universities are also suffering from serious quality problems. In a report to the Department of Education, the panel disclosed that stu- Quote of the Month dents' average scores fell in 11 of 15 major subject area "A familiar refrain of communist strategy holds that the tests between 1964 and 1982, with the sharpest declines in road to victory over capitalism goes through Mexico City." subjects requiring high verbal skills. Faith Ryan Whittlesey, The study also revealed that one out of eight qualified Ambassador to Switzerland
FEBRUARY 1985 11 America Is On The Move Again!
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Should English Be the Official U.S. Language?
Rep. Norman D. Shumway, R-Calif. Del. Fofo I. F. Sunia, D-American Samoa
By designating English English has been and always the official language, the will be the official language English Language YES of the United States. Amendment (ELA) would provide a The only impact of a constitutional measure of legal protection to our com- amendment making English the official mon language, currently afforded only language of the United States would be through custom. to limit federal governmental business Examples of the potentially divisive to Enghsh, an already accepted norm. nature of language in society are all too prevalent through- Americans believe in freedom and not in government im- out the world. The trend toward government-sponsored position of language or culture. First amendment questions bilingualism in America and the implications of such policies must be asked. is therefore troubling. Rather than encouraging the Could Congress, a state or territory enforce an amend- adaptation of immigrants to the speech and customs of their ment declaring English as the "official" national language new homeland, government-sanctioned programs, such as by legislatively restricting use of other languages by pri- multihngual ballots and bilingual education, may actually vate persons in public places or bar judicial enforcement of hinder the learning of English. AVhile well-intentioned, such private legal documents not executed in English? bihngual policies have become linguistic barriers that dis- Enghsh is the language of the United States because of courage English proficiency and impede assimilation. cultural and social phenomena. EngHsh is the language of The ELA I have proposed, therefore, seeks not only to our country even though the Constitution does not pur- provide a needed measure of legal protection to the English posefully mandate it. language, but also to halt the trend toward government The freedom of speech we enjoy both in the 50 states and policies that actively promote languages other than En- in American Samoa, the district I represent, allows us to ghsh. The ELA would, among other things, eliminate the make the choice every day whether to speak English or use of multihngual election materials and the requirement another language, such as Samoan, which we so much de- that bilingual teachers be used to teach students with lim- sire to maintain. ited English proficiency. Moreover, and perhaps most im- Migrants to the United States have historically been portant, this amendment would make it clear to immigrant eager to learn English. Even the 35,000 American Samoans parents and children alike that mastery of the EngHsh lan- on the island use the Samoan language in government, in guage is indispensable. the court, in business and in all facets of daily living, but The ELA does not seek, as some critics contend, to dis- strive to improve their proficiency in Enghsh. The 60,000 courage the study of foreign languages in the United Samoans in the United States also strive for the same. I States. Clearly, competency in languages other than En- cherish both languages. Knowing both makes me better glish is essential in today's interdependent world. suited to understand the people and the world I live in.
Moreover, the proposed amendment in no way seeks to dis- While Enghsh is the key to survival here, we will not courage the use of foreign languages in private contexts. survive in the world community if we do not become better America has been immeasurably enriched by the cultural able to deal with the languages of other countries and to diversity of our society, thus it is vital that this diverse recognize that Enghsh is not intrinsically superior to any cultural tradition be preserved. It cannot be denied, how- other language. ever, that our common language has been a powerful factor As our world becomes smaller and as economic strength in forging strength and unity from such diversity. It is becomes more evenly distributed among nations, we must therefore vital that we put an end to short-sighted raise ourselves from this false sense of security and begin to government-sponsored programs that discourage profi- acknowledge and reward cultural and linguistic differences ciency in Enghsh and that tragically serve to keep many of as an asset rather than a detriment to our national power. our nation's linguistic minorities on the fringes of America's For these reasons, I oppose legislation that would make English-speaking mainstream. Enghsh the official language of the United States.
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The Soviets' Best Investment
By Col. Lawrence L. Tracy border with the People's Republic of providing them with a strategically lo- China. The Middle East was troubling cated ally in the Western Hemisphere. as well, and the 1979 invasion of Af- In using Cuba as a military surrogate, Soviet Union is now pro- ghanistan has cost the Soviets to this the Soviets hoped to put what they viding more economic and mili- day in money, blood, and credibility term the "Correlation of Forces" more THEtary assistance than is the with the Third World. Closer to home, in their favor by increasing political United States government the USSR and Eastern-bloc state- and military pressure in a region vital in the Central America- controlled economies paled beside the to their adversary, thereby forcing the Caribbean region. economies of Western Europe. United States to divert assets and at- When we combine this fact Confronted with these problems, tention from areas critical to the with another— that the Soviets do not the Soviet leaders needed to regain Soviet Union, such as Europe and the part easily with a ruble — some troub- the momentum to propel them to their Middle East. Soviet leaders hoped to ling questions surface. Why is the supposed destiny. When they looked do this by using Castro to exploit the Soviet Union devoting almost 60 per- at the southern flank of the United economic, political, and social causes of cent of its total foreign aid to a small States, what they termed their adver- instability that plagued the region. island such as Cuba? Why is an empire Cuba has been built by the Soviets that cannot satisfy the demands of its into the most powerful military force own people for food, housing and con- in Latin America. Since 1979, the sumer goods spending almost $5 hil- Central America: Sandinistas in Nicaragua have aligned lion annually in economic and military a potential Achilles' themselves with Castro, and are fol- aid on an area^ thousands of miles from lowing the Cuban method of ostensibly the Soviet Union, a region that the heel for the carrying out a humane social revolu- Soviets have traditionally considered tion, but in reality imposing a harsh marginal to their interests? What will United States? one-party state kept in power by mili- be the consequences for the United tary might. The military equipment to States of expanded Soviet military and do so is provided by the Soviets and political influence on the southern bor- sary's "strategic rear," the highly op- other Communist countries, and der of the United States? The answers portunistic Soviets saw a chance to Nicaragua has now developed, in only to these questions could have a pro- exploit political tensions in the region, five years, the largest and best found impact on the security of the and to turn the tables strategically. equipped army in Central America. United States, and indeed on the The Caribbean has long been con- The United States recognizes that it world political alignment. sidered by the USSR to be a potential is hunger, poverty, desperation and Soviet leaders are products of a so- Achilles' heel for the United States. frustration that drive men to become ciety that has been invaded frequently The Soviets appreciate how much of a guerrillas. So does the Soviet Union over the centuries, occurrences that life line for the United States are the and their employees in Cuba and contribute to these leaders believing Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico mari- Nicaragua. But while U.S. policy is to that expansionism is the best defense. time routes. The bulk of our imported alleviate suffering and create political Superimposed on this history is a de- petroleum and international commerce choice and economic opportunity, the terministic ideology that sees the transits these waters, and in any Soviet Union, Cuba, and Nicaragua world in a class struggle, with the in- European conflict more than half of are attempting to make conditions evitable outcome a socialist world led NATO's resupplies must ply these even worse, especially in El Salvador, by the Soviet Union. But by the late routes without delay if Western where the economy has been the 1970s, Soviet leaders saw detours in Europe is not to be lost. Soviet leaders guerrillas' chief target since 1981, their path, despite their growing mili- also realized that the Vietnam experi- when it became clear that they lacked tary strength. So great had become ence had fortified American isolation- popular support. the schism between the USSR and the ist tendencies. Given all the problems We must make the immediate com- Chinese that one out of every four the Soviets had in the rest of the mitment of will and resources needed Soviet soldiers was deployed on the world, the southern flank of the to eliminate suffering, increase oppor- United States presented a tempting tunity, and blunt the Soviet's chal- Col. Lawrence L. Tracy, USA, is target to exploit, and the Soviet Union lenge. If we fail to make this commit- military adviser for Latin American already has a foothold in the Carib- ment now, we will pay much more in Public Diplomacy at the State De- bean in the presence of Cuba. the future for our shortsightedness. partment. These are Col. Lawrence Despite some early differences Cas- And Soviet planners will have shown Tracy's views, and not necessarily tro decided to cast his lot with the how accurate has been their reading of those of the U.S. Government. Soviet Union over strategy, in 1959, our national character.
FEBRUARY 1985 15 MEXICO: A TICKING TIME DOMD?
Today, no one is striving harder to Mexico's vulnerable southern borders A nation staggered by defuse that "bomb" and rescue Mexico and oilfields — an,d raises the specter from disaster than its bold and deci- of what President Reagan has warned social inequities, sive president, Miguel de la Madrid could become an invasion of refugee Hurtado. Assuming office on Dec. 1, "feet people" across the Rio Grande. economic turmoil 1982, the 49-year-old, Harvard-edu- The late Sen. Henry Jackson called and political cated leader proclaimed, "We are in a Mexico "the ultimate primary target" state of emergency that requires of the Soviets and their collaborators. corruption, Mexico emergency measures." Whatever the danger, Mexico's eco- It was a statement of the obvious. nomic and financial crisis has com- faces "a state of The problems and difficulties confront- manded priority — and with good rea- emergency that ing De la Madrid and his restive nation son. By the end of 1982, when De la of 78 million people are, in a word, Madrid took over, Mexico's inflation requires emergency staggering. They include: Rampant rate had skyrocketed to 150 percent. corruption and crime; the threat of More than half the labor force was un- measures" political shootouts between left and employed or underemployed. Success- right; spreading unrest among jobless ive devaluations shrank the peso by workers and impoverished peasants; 600 percent. With investors, foreign increasing alienation of the middle- and domestic, running for safer ha- By Philip C. Clarke class and private sector over govern- vens, Mexico's economic growth rate ment control of the economy; and the failure of an entrenched two-million evening last May, Manuel member bureaucracy to meet the basic Buenida, an investigative col- needs of Mexico's rapidly expanding Oneumnist for Excelsior, Mexico population (78 million and, according City's prestigious daily, was to experts, headed for 200 million be- shot and killed by an uniden- fore leveling off in the next century). tified gunman who got away. In Central America, Communist-led Buenida was a relentless insurrection poses a potential threat to crusader against high-level corruption and had received several anonymous PROTEST— Through sporadic wildcat death threats. He also had written of strikes, workers fight for better pay and growing despair among Mexican oppose Inflation and wage freezes. workers and peasants over soaring liv- ing costs and had warned that anger against the government soon could "spill into the streets." While the controversial, 58-year-old journahst had rubbed many influential bureaucrats the wrong way, his words of warning rang true. Behind the travel posters of alluring seashore re- sorts, quaint Indian villages, Aztec and Spanish ruins and placid natives dozing under their sombreros is a na- tion in crisis. With social, economic and political tensions converging from all sides, Mexico could be likened to a ticking time bomb whose explosion would send shock waves racing across the U.S. border and beyond.
Philip C. Clarke has covered the in- ternational scene since WWII as a foreign correspondent and military af- fairs expert.
16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —
Mexicans have blamed their crisis on the 1980-82 world recession. But there also was some heavy man-made input. Exhilarated by the discovery of vast new oilfields in southern Mexico in the mid-1970s, the government and nation- alized industry embarked on a wild spending and building spree, borrowing billions from abroad in anticipation of booming petroleum exports and profits. With geologists estimating Mexico's proven oil deposits at 50 bilhon barrels^ fourth highest in the world and tv^dce the United States' known reserves, and with probable and potential deposits of crude totaling another 150 billion barrels, who could blame Mexicans for dreaming of themselves as the "Saudi Arabians" of the Western world? By 1982, however, Mexico's dreams of princely wealth had vanished amid the world oil glut and falling demand and prices for crude. It was time to CONGESTION Mexico City is the world's largest megalopolis, surpassing Tokyo- the piper, Yokohama in total population, and it's still growing. pay only there wasn't enough money on hand. Unable to had fallen to minus 5 percent, the first sector deficit had mushroomed to 18 meet payments due on interest, much decline since the Crash of '29. The percent of the Gross National Product. less on the principal, Mexico seemed nationalization of Mexico's 57 private The public treasury was nearly out of to have no alternative but to default. banks and the imposition of govern- hard currency reserves. And most Financial centers in New York, Lon- ment controls over foreign exchange critical of all to the nation's credibility, don and elsewhere held their breath, by the outgoing president, Jose Lopez Mexico's foreign debt had hit an as- fearful that if Mexico folded, other Portillo, only deepened misgivings. tronomical $77 bilhon and was headed debt-burdened countries of the Third At the_same time, Mexico's public- toward the $100 billion mark. World would follow suit.
JUAN GOES TO SCHOOL
Juan is an above-average high Moscow graduates include influential school student fi'om a poor family in politicians and journalists. Mexico City. He'd hke to go to col- The same pattern applies in other
lege but can't afford it. One day, he developing countries, and the Soviet receives a letter from the Soviet effort is steadily increasing. Between Embassy's cultural attache, offering 1977 and 1982, for example, the him a scholarship. Soviet Union and Eastern Europe In all, the Soviets support an esti- increased their scholarships for Latin mated 80,000 to 90,000 foreign stu- American students by 105 percent. dents at their universities. Although Comparable U.S. programs declined there are upward of 340,000 foreign by 19 percent. students enrolled in schools in the U.S. educators beheve the United United States, most of them pay States should do more, and support their own way and are from higher- is growing in Congress. The 1984 income families who are nominally budget for the Fulbright educational pro-American. No more than 10,000 exchange program has been boosted of the students are here on U.S. from $70 miUion to $100 milhon. And government scholarships. as part of the administration's Carib- In 1984, more than 9,000 students bean Basin Initiative, $6.5 milHon from Latin America alone were en- has been appropriated for student rolled in Soviet institutions, nearly scholarships in that vital area. But half of them from Mexico. Indeed, the United States will have to do Mexico is high on Moscow's hst for more to match the Soviet-bloc effort. special attention. Beginning in the One scholarship expert said recently, mid-1930s, the Soviet Union began "There is a strong feehng that we offering college scholarships to prom- have not paid enough attention to ising young Mexicans. Many of the students in poorer countries. We graduates have returned to teach in have a lot to gain by educating the Mexican schools, imparting a strong people who will be the future leaders Marxist-Leninist influence. Other of countries around the world."
FEBRUARY 1985 17 jobs fell by 25 percent in 1983 alone. The average wage of a Mexico City laborer was the equivalent of about $4 a day. Some made more by begging. Impoverished rural areas have suf- fered even harder times. By 1983, Mexico City was being inundated by a flood of jobless, landless peasants, ar- riving with their families and meager possessions at the rate of 30,000 a month. Already dangerously over- crowded with 17 million people — plus another 6 miUion or more subsisting in suburban slums known as ciudades perdidos (lost cities), the Mexican cap- ital has become the world's largest megalopolis, overtaking Tokyo-Yoka- hama for the dubious distinction. Though Mexico City retains much of CITY SLUMS— Desp/fe Mexico's vast oil have to walk a long and dangerous its historic majesty and downtown deposits, millions of Mexican families live path before Mexico is out of the glitter, environmentahsts have esti- in squalor and poverty. economic woods. mated that the city's industrial pollu- For the vast majority of Mexicans, tion, among the world's worst, is Last September, representatives of the consequences have been felt in a claiming about 100,000 inhabitants a Mexico's 500 creditor banks, im- sharply lowered living standard. year, nearly a third of them children. pressed by De la Madrid's determina- Hardest hit are the poorer classes. Crime also is taking a heavy toll. In tion to restore his nation's solvency, Declaring "We have no choice but aus- the first eight months of 1984, a total stretched out for 14 years the repay- terity," De la Madrid slashed govern- of 3,309 homicides were reported in ment of about half of Mexico's foreign ment subsidies, lifted price controls on Mexico City, in relative terms, a mur- debt, amounting to some $50 billion, some 2,500 consumer items and floated der rate 25 percent higher than New and provided new low-interest loans to the peso, letting it fall to a still lower York City's. Most of the slayings go meet old obligations. but more realistic level. unsolved, like that of journalist Meantime, there have been signs, Hundreds of ambitious public con- Manuel Buenida. Burglary and theft however tentative, of economic re- struction projects were cancelled or also are cHmbing, 35 percent in the covery in Mexico, as in a number of abandoned outright. As a result, the past year. other debtor nations. But President ranks of the jobless ballooned. The real Last fall, Mexico City's police chief, De la Madrid and his associates will income of those lucky enough to hold Continued on page 46
HIGH WAGES LURE MEXICANS
Despite efforts to beef up the "guest-worker" program and im- cantly reduce illegal immigration as 3,000-man U.S. Border Patrol with provements in U.S. border monitor- long as the United States enjoys the new low-light TV monitors and other ing capabilities. world's highest wage rates and living high-tech devices, there has been It will take many more hours of standards while more than half of little real progress in stemming the debate and a lot of compromises to Mexico's labor force is unemployed
annual flow of 1 million illegal aliens revive Simpson-Mazzoli or anything or underemployed. from Mexico to the U.S. According like it. Hispanic groups are prepared In the fiscal year that ended last to some critics, the United States to renew their fierce lobbying Oct. 1, the U.S. Border Patrol has, in effect, "lost control" of its against employer sanctions, contend- caught 1,057,000 illegal ahens along border. And pessimists warn that ing that they would serve to dis- the Mexican border. The number of the problem could become a lot criminate against any Latin-appear- illegals who elude capture and melt worse if Mexico's internal crisis ing person seeking work. Many em- into the cities and farming areas of should worsen and its unemployment ployers oppose any measure that America is not known. But some es- ranks grow still higher. would reduce the availability of timates place the total of undocu- Congress has been attempting cheap foreign labor. Civil libertarians mented Mexican migrants in the since 1981 to fashion a more effective are dead set against the proposed is- United States at anywhere between immigration system, but the latest suance of identity cards for legal three and six million. effort, the Simpson-Mazzoli bill, got aliens. And the Mexican government The great fear of the Border Pa- deadlocked in the last Congress and has made plain that it's opposed to trol is that one day the illegal aliens died. Its controversial proposals in- any action that would, in its words, will stop agreeing to "accept volun- cluded sanctions against employers "seriously undercut and injure the tary departure." Or that all of Cen- who knowingly hire "illegals," am- rights of Mexican workers." tral America and Mexico, too, might nesty for those who have resided in At the same time, most demog- explode in violence, sending millions the United States for a specified raphers and sociologists believe that of "feet people" streaming across our number of years, creation of a no border and no policy can signifi- under-guarded southern border.
18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE IVIEXICO: A \JJS. ASSESSMENT
Rescheduling of the foreign debt and the domestic controls of President De la Madrid are turning Mexico's economy^ around, says our ambassador to Mexico, John A. Gavin
American Legion Magazine: Do you see any A We are aware that the Soviets have a large embassy likelihood of Mexico's economy collapsing? What is in Mexico. So do we. With all due respect, however, I being done to prevent it? do not think it is appropriate for me, to speculate in pubhc on what the staff of that embassy may or may not do. Ambassador Gavin:.Despite the tremendous finan- But it is not difficult to make the argument that the cial problems Mexico has faced in the past several years, its Soviet Union would benefit by increasing its influence in economy is certainly not on the verge of collapse. I beheve Mexico, especially if it were able to take advantage of any that in the short term, there is room for cautious optimism. differences between Mexico and the United States. Now, while Mexico has the second largest foreign debt in the developing world, it also has great resources that must CJ« Why doesn't Mexico support U.S. policies in Cen- be factored into analyses of the country's situation. tral America? The heroic efforts of President de la Madrid's adminis- Alt is not correct to say that just because our two na- tration have already begun to show results. We believe tions do not see eye-to-eye on some issues, they hold there is already a definite upturn in the Mexican economy. opposite or contradictory positions on Central America. This has been achieved through a combination of domestic Our points of divergence have to do with how those goals austerity and rescheduhng of the foreign debt. We have, I can be achieved. Mexico had its revolution at the beginning am proud to say, been active contributors to this upturn; of this century and thus has a recent historic vision on revo- we believe that the debt problem is manageable as long as lutionary struggle in Latin America that we do not have. both Mexico and its creditors stay the course. The Governments of Mexico and the United States con- In the long term, however, there are structural problems tinue to exchange views in a very open and respectful man- to be overcome. Mexico will continue to need capital, a sub- ner on how to reach our mutual goals. We, for example, stantial portion of which must come from abroad, to be able continue to support the efforts of the Contadora group, in to meet the need for jobs for 850,000 new entrants into the which Mexico plays a key role, to bring just and lasting labor force this year and the million-plus per year in the peace to Central America. near future. Of course, it's Mexico that must make the hard choices for itself. How can the massive flood of illegal immigrants over the U.S. border be stopped? Do you see any real danger of an internal blowup H There seems to be a consensus that some sort of new leading to a communist takeover, with Mexico becom- Ml immigration legislation, such as the Simpson-Mazzoh ing another Cuba or Nicaragua, or a right-wing bill, is necessary, and I beheve the subject will arise again takeover, with Mexico becoming a dictatorship? in the next Congress. While such legislation can help deal A No, I see neither of those options taking place in with immigration-related problems and help stem the flow Mexico — certainly not in the near term. For more of illegal immigrants over our border with Mexico, the real than half a century, Mexico has enjoyed remarkable politi- answer to your question must come from Mexico itself. cal and social stabihty. We, of course, are fully aware, as Through sound economic development, Mexico can create are the Mexicans themselves, that the turmoil now existing the necessary number of jobs and improve the standard of in Central America does hold the risk of overflowing into hving of its people. Mexico. We believe that Mexico can continue to adjust to the evolving desires of the populace. Qb What can the United States do to build closer, friendlier relations with Mexico? Qa Some reports indicate that the Soviet Union has H The presidents of Mexico and the United States meet an unusually large embassy staff in Mexico and also Mb yearly — on a more regular basis than any time in the seeks to penetrate the educational system. past. Such face-to-face meetings provide the opportunity not only to discuss at the highest levels issues of mutual Ambassador Gavin, former special adviser to the Secretary interest and concern, but also to allow the leaders of our General, Organization of American States, was appointed great nations to build on the personal friendship that to his current post in 1981. signifies our dynamic relationship.
FEBRUARY 1985 19 Computers in defense: AUYOREHmY?
Despite our awesome nuclear might, the prolific computer may prove to be America's ultimate weapon. Or will it?
bers, add and subtract these figures at Right now, the Pentagon spends very fast speeds, and keep track of all about $1.5 billion a year for the chips, the mathematics in its memory. The also known as semiconductors. That computer must be able to take input market will double in three years, the from the world around it, and after experts say. The military buys about working over the data in its pecuhar one of every 10 semiconductors made. way, produce output in a form that we The Pentagon, for that matter, buys can recognize. A computer is anything that collects data, manipulates it, and then does By Jack Cushmaa something useful with it. The data can arrive in the form of radio signals, beams of light, sounds or strokes on a the computer the best friend or keyboard—it's all the same to the ma- the worst enemy of the U.S. mili- chine's tiny silicon brain. You don't tary machine? have to understand how it works to Is For every story about comput- use a computer. But somebody must ers revolutionizing warfare, mak- program the computer, writing the ing the soldier's life easier or safer software or logic that drives it through or making his weapons more the complex maze of math that makes deadly, there's another tale about a it work. snafu where the computer was the In the Department of Defense, the root of the problem. computer is becoming the most impor- To answer the question correctly, tant thing to emerge on the military it's best to make sure we know just scene since the tank. Our computer what we mean by a computer. Once industry's edge over the Soviet Union we know what they are and where to may be the strongest weapon in our look for them, we might be surprised arsenal. But here, too, it is viewed as how many computers there really are a mixed blessing. in America's arsenal and why they're The Pentagon's problems with com- so important. puters are of two sorts. One kind in- A computer is any machine that can volves the actual hardware, the chips translate signals into strings of num- themselves; for in the modern world the actual computer that does all the Jack Cushman, a military affairs work is hidden on a microchip the size specialist, is editor of Defense Week, a of your fingernail. The second kind is Washington-based newsletter on de- in the software: the logical instructions fense policy and weapons. that make the system work.
20 about one-third of all the electronics made in the United States each year: $42 billion worth of military elec- COUNTERING THE EFFECTS OF EMP tronics in 1983. Most of this equipment Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) is a pleted recently by International Re- into the brass like to call goes what wave of electric enel^gy that ac- source Development, Inc. "Even "command, control, communications companies the explosion of a nu- engineers and executives confuse the intelligence" gear, or C3I. De- and clear warhead. By interfering with effects of EMP with those of nuclear Secretary Weinberger, fense Caspar the earth's normal electric field, radiation," the report said. in his most recent annual report to EMP could block communications, In fact, "EMP will be a major fac- Congress, said, cannot afford to "We knock out power, erase computer tor in miUtary strategy and tactics," let in our C31 become the weak link memories, cause planes to crash and IRD suggested, noting that an force structure." cars to stall, and nuclear power enemy could launch a defensive or do all these chips go? The Where plants to shut down. pre-emptive attack designed to dis- answer is that there is hardly a Dozens of major electronics firms rupt civilian as well as military weapon today unless you count — nationwide already are developing operations—all without the devastat- things like combat boots or M-16 methods and equipment to insulate ing effects of radiation. A nuclear rifles, the real that does not basics— complex electronics from the paralyz- warhead could be exploded outside contain some kind of chip. Every mod- ing effects of EMP. the earth's atmosphere, where its ern pilot will soon use electronic dis- While the Department of Defense EMP effect would be greatest, ac- plays that allow him to fly as easily at is making major initiatives in prepar- cording to IRD. night as he can in the daytime. (A ing for the threat of an EMP attack, The United States military and computer senses heat given off by all the commercial market for EMP- civilian sectors use solid state objects, translates the heat into a code hardened components and equipment technology which is more susceptible of numbers, juggles the data, and de- has not risen to the same challenge. to EMP's disruptive effects. As a re- livers to the cockpit an image that the This is mainly because potential sult, IRD said the United States is pilot can understand.) Most modern customers outside the military are more vulnerable to an exo-atmos- missiles are guided by chips. Any unaware of the dangers EMP might pheric nuclear blast designed to radio manufactured today for a soldier pose to their operations, even- in the knock out normial functioning of the uses them. Even a truck the Army's — absence of an actual nuclear strike, U.S. economy and most of its defen- newest cargo carrier comes with a — according to a 144-page report com- sive and offensive capabilities. computer that automatically inflates the tires to the proper pressure. We have all heard of smart missiles and Not long ago, for example, the Air spare parts. "Computer-generated bombs; the military satellite is one big Force discovered that three of its disposal actions," the auditor's report computer in orbit; an aircraft carrier hardware stores—called Air Logistics called the decisions. probably contains more computing Centers—were junking useful spare And there was the case that came power than a big bank in New York. parts on the advice of a computer that up in September, when the Pentagon And the Pentagon has its own banks kept making the wrong decision about had to start refusing deliveries of doz- handling payrolls, along with its ens of weapon components because hardware stores and hospitals all of contained chips that — COMPUTER FORCE— U.S. Air Force they had not been which run on computer power. Pershing II missile lunges skyward (inset) properly tested. The chips go into such But sometimes the Pentagon's com- as a computer bank manned by airmen high-tech defense systems as the F-15 puters run amok. runs the show. Eagle, which is the world's most ad- vanced fighter plane, and the Lamps hehcopter, which helps sailors search for enemy submarines. In this case the chips did not fail—but it was too risky to accept them without proper tests. One shipbuilder reacted with shock and horror when a ceremony to com- mission a new ship turned completely sour: At the last moment, the Navy refused delivery because computers on the vessel contained some of the un- tested chips. The Pentagon deserves credit for discovering these problems and cor- recting them—despite the embar- rassment that comes when high-tech systems turn into headline-making ghtches. But we have to worry that the computer might not be capable of doing everything we ask of it at a price we can afford. For example, the national labs that design modern nuclear weapons and futuristic "Star Wars" defenses are Continued on page 52
21 Careers the Second time Around
Thousands of restless Americans are relinquishing well-earned retirennent in favor of new professions. For nnany, it's for jobs they've always wanted.
retirement yet," he said. "It's a real started importing French cookware, Phyllis By Zauner morale booster to know you've still got and along the way founded a food pro- earning power, still contributing." cessor company. "I'm trying to take HEN Ray Doimer left the Ray Doimer is just one of the work- vacations now," he said, "but I've al- telephone company at age force dropouts who are dropping back ways been a workaholic." 65, gold watch in hand, he in. Many older Americans, seemingly • William Macomber, former U.S. saw nothing but roses snug and smug in their retirement, are Ambassador to Jordan 1961-64 and ahead. He looked 50, felt becoming discontent with being put to Ambassador to Turkey 1973-78, re- like 40. pasture prematurely. tired from the State Department at 55 "The first few months • John Burke, 51, a retired lieuten- and became director of New York's were heaven," he recalled, "No more ant of the Brooklyn Fire Department, Metropolitan Museum of Art. "It's getting out in snow drifts and bliz- good for the soul to step into some- zards with my line repair crews. No thing you don't know anything about," more sweating under the searing he said. "It's very humbling." summer sun to raise telephone poles. Retiree restlessness may have The days of deadlines and pressure 1 OU RUN YOUR turned into a modest epidemic because were over." there are companies who seek early But a funny thing happened to FLAG UP THE outs of higher paid, older employees to Doimer on his way to retirement. His cut expenditures and allow talented, race to leisure soon slowed to boredom FLAGPOLE AND but less paid, younger employees to and restlessness. "You can only go NOBODY SALUTES," climb the corporate ladder. The aver- back to visit your old working buddies age retirement age today is more so many times before it's clear they SAID A RETIRED Ukely to be 55 or 60 than 65. Many have work to do and you don't." MILITARY MAN. businesses already offer senior citizen A young man he once counseled on discounts beginning at 55. starting a heavy-machinery business Early retirement, of course, is came to him for advice one day. By the is now an operating room nurse. scarcely new. Since 1950, according to time their meeting was over, Doimer "There was a nurses' training program data from the U.S. Department of had become UN-retired and was on his at Hunter College," he said. "It gave Labor, the number has steadily way to a second career as a part-time men thinking of retiring a chance to climbed. As the working life shortens, consultant. "I simply wasn't ready for get into nursing and improve the thousands of active, healthy retirees image of male nurses." are facing possibly up to 15 productive Phyllis Zauner is a Sacramento-based • Carl Sontheimer, a physicist, re- years more. free-lance writer who specializes in tired at 55 "to a life of leisure and fun The Bureau of Labor Statistics business and general-interest articles henceforth," as he put it. "One year projects there will be fewer young for national magazines. later I was ready to climb walls." He people to fill future jobs because of
22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE lowered birth rates in the '60s and in the Armed Forces of this country, a '70s. By 1990 there will also be a pro- move into the commercial world can be jected 14 million people over 55. a profound change, and for some, a To those nearing retirement, it frightening prospect. Feelings of un- could mean near ideal conditions for certainty and inadequacy are common. second careers. As one retired military psychologist Certain careers naturally lead into put it, "You run your flag up the flag- post-retirement occupations — athletes pole and nobody salutes." coach, opera singers teach music and Alfred FitzSimons, 45, was a journaHsts write books. lieutenant colonel and an electronics But, perhaps the most vulnerable warfare specialist when he retired. of are military careerists, many whom "The change out of service was harder i are retired in their 30s or 40s, and than I thought," he said. "It's like enter an uncharted job market. getting a divorce. I lost 10 pounds in, Thus, the Air Force three years ago the first few weeks. In 22 years, this organized Family Support Centers in is the first time I've applied for a job." 34 locations worldwide. One of the Yet a second career is what he major concerns of the Air Force, Army, Navy and Marine Corps is to ease the transition from service careers into productive civilian life. Norrine Gallisdorfer administers the 0,NE SUGGESTION program at Mather AFB in Sac- ramento, Calif. This is no esoteric IS TO ASK YOURSELF, plan. It's a practical, down-to-earth series of programs to help servicemen 'WHEN HAVE I BEEN identify skills that are marketable; HAPPIEST IN MY whom to contact; how to write a re- sume; how to quit talking mili- LIFE? WHAT WAS tarese — in short, how they can land I THEN?'" the job they want. DOING For the man who has spent 20 years wants, and he's seriously pursuing the goal "to keep involved." While on the base, FitzSimons' job was to work closely with the Sac- ramento Chamber of Commerce and establish liaison with the community of Folsom. "I've continued that after re- the College of Business Administra- tirement. I do it as much for my self- tion at Southern Illinois University, is esteem as for the network of contacts highly optimistic about prospects for it provides." Nonetheless, these con- the older worker looking for new be- nections have provided him with prom- ginnings. "Employers are convinced ising contacts that he hopes will that the greater productivity and lower mature into career opportunities. absenteeism of workers over 40 make For 47-year-old Dick Atkinson, the them a good investment." He predicts transition from military to civilian life that more workers will choose early was as smooth as silk. He walked out retirement to begin other careers. of Mather's gates as a sergeant Fri- So, how do you prepare for this new day, and Monday he started a new role and where do you start? career as an Eastman Kodak equip- Even if you're blessed with inborn ment service representative. talent, finding an appropriate new "I started doing my homework career may call for keen introspection. early, two years before I retired. I One suggestion is to ask yourself, don't think many guys thought ahead "When have I been happiest in my that far," he said. life? What was I doing then?" "My wife and I both went through For Robert Morris, who put in 35 some anxiety when I retired. We won- years as a systems analyst with Inter- dered if I could get a job, and if I could national Business Machines, his 14 handle it even though I was dedicated years of moonlighting as a part-time to the service for 23 years." minister were the happiest. At age 55, Fortunately, in America there is an leaving IBM, he finally saw an oppor- abundance of opportunities for change. tunity to do what he had wanted to do According to a 1982 report by Money for so long. magazine, some 2.5 million Americans The seven years intervening since enroll each year in courses designed to he made that plunge have been let them enter new professions. exhausting but fulfilling. He has
ILLUSTRATIONS BY DAVID NOYES Dr. Thomas G. Gutteridge, dean of Continued on page 6^
FEBRUARY 1985 23 TRAVELOGUE
Stretching from coast to coast, our nation's scenic roads offer us endless opportunities to see America's beauty.
BIG SUR— T/ie twisting ribbon called Cabrlllo Highway Is the only practical access to California's Big Sur coastline between San Simeon and Carmel. Roller-coaster like, Cabrlllo ranges In height from sea level to 1,000 feet. America's most scenic roadways
tuary for grizzly bears, bighorn sheep, BY PAUL MARTIN mountain deer, moose, elk and other North American mammals. There are some 57 species of mammals and 210 YEAR millions of visitors species of birds in the park. EACHcome to the United States from After visiting the park in the early Europe, Asia, Africa, Canada 1900s, John Muir, a Scottish-born and Latin America to enjoy the American naturalist, said: "Give a spectacular scenery we take for month at least to this precious re- granted. Much of it is visible by serve. The time will not be taken from automobile and bus from our 3.8 the sum of your life. Instead of million miles of highways. shortening, it will definitely lengthen
Towering mountain peaks, stunning it and make you truly immortal." gorges displaying dazzling shades of In the United States our multi-lane purple, red, gold and blue, lush forests, throughways have opened up the nation brilliant blue lakes and Whitewater riv- at the same time that they have unified
ers evoke comments Uke "magnificent," it. Sometimes they follow old Indian "timeless," "gorgeous," "incredible." trails. Or, as in the case of the Pennsyl- We're a nation on the move. Sixty- vania Turnpike, they use an abandoned, five percent of us own driver's licenses uncompleted railroad right-of-way. To- and our highways serve more than 150 day, they stand as a monument to the million vehicles travehng nearly 1.5 ingenuity and courage of the builders SKYLINE DRIVE— r/)/s highway mean- trillion miles a year. ders 105 miles along the crest of the who have made just about every part of Each year 40 million of us head Blue Ridge Mountains In Virginia, and our country accessible. down the road for camping trips, fish- provides a breathtaking view year-round. Jump in a car or bus and head down ing, canoeing, horseback riding, back- one of our scenic routes. Look at the packing, skiing, snowmobiling. Rib- visit nearly any part of the nation by hcense plates as they go by. Here come bons that package the beautiful gift automobile or bus. cars fi'om Florida, New York, Texas, that is the United States, our modern As just one example, the colorful Arizona, Alaska, Hawaii and 44 other highway system, enable anyone to Going-to-the-Sun Road in Montana's states. It's an education in our nation's Glacier National Park climbs gently beauty, history and culture. Like Paul Martin, a World War II Navy above the treeline while it reveals Thoreau: "We come home from afar,
pilot, is a veteran magazine writer glacial lakes, tumbling waterfalls and from adventure . . and discoveries." and world traveler. knife-edged cliffs. The park is a sanc- It's waiting for each of us.
24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE OREGON TRAVEL BUREAU MOUNT BACHELOR— Seen from the Cascade Lakes Highway In central Ore- gon, this popular skiing site has more than 100 miles of trails, more than 220 lakes and 235 miles of rivers and streams In the Cascade Mountains.
MONTANA TRAVEL BUREAU
GLACIER NATIONAL PARK— /nd/ans ca//ed this pastoral route Golng-to-the- Sun-Road and there's little wonder why. ONE OF MILLIONS— There are more than three million lakes In Alaska, and sparkling Superb Rocky Mountain scenery and Tern Lake along the 127-mlle Seward Highway Is one of the more picturesque. The dozens of glaciers and glacial lakes daz- lake Is popular for trout fishing, canoeing and summer birdwatchlng. The U.S. Forest zle travelers through this stretch of Mon- Service maintains 25 camping sites around the lake, southeast of Anchorage. tana's "Big Sky" country.
FEBRUARY 1985 25 a —
THINK 1ANKS: THE POWER OF IDEAS From early school days we've learned the past massive debts of Third Duringfour years the that Congress, the President and the World nations — ap- United States Judiciary make, enforce and interpret proaches for deregu- has been in the lating natural gas and throes of a revo- laws of the land. But today there's a boosting the country's lution. While the uprising has fourth or shadow branch of government analyses of which new not been waged by musket-toting Min- that not all Americans know about rorfh'LTidfnT-o'r utemen or masses of protesters on views on the vague notion of urban streets, it has nonetheless a national industrial policy. More- brought fundamental change to over, think tanks and some special America. It's a revolution of ideas, fol- BY JAY STULLER interest groups call to attention lowing the codes of modern conserva- problems that government may not tism — or as it has come to be known, terest study groups — think tanks know exist. neoconservatism — which includes are playing an enormous and increas- Good public policy ideas can come encouraging free enterprise, cutting ingly important role in forming policy. from virtually anywhere, "starting at government influence on day-to-day Organizations such as the Brookings the grass roots level and percolating life and maintaining a muscular na- Institution, the Heritage Foundation, upwards," said Roger Semerad, an tional defense. the Ralph Nader organization and the executive vice president at Brookings. How have such significant changes American Enterprise Institute work He said the environmental movement come about? Well, there is no mystery outside the government — and also was hammered into public conscious- to the formation of public policy in the within — to bring ideas to the powers ness and eventually turned into gov- United States. Unlike countries with and get power behind the ideas. ernment policy by individuals who had dictatorships or authoritarian regimes "Any good idea has to have intellec- no more power than that of persua- where policy is basically ordered by tual thought behind it," said Irving sion. "There are lots of opportunities leaders, we live in a democratic soci- Kristol, professor of social thought at to be heard if you've got a good mes- ety. A party in power will have the New York University and editor, sage and are persistent," he said. major say on an issue, but the system writer and the acknowledged "God- Ever since Ralph Nader's 1965 compels it to accommodate opposing father of Neoconservatism." book, "Unsafe at Any Speed," founded concerns. Programs, therefore, are "Of course, any idea can be the consumer advocate movement, the forged through debate, compromise, simplified. And when it gets into the number of groups purporting to repre- consensus, news media coverage and ultimate public forum it has usually sent the public interest has multiplied. the interplay with public opinion — been broken down into simple terms. Self-styled watchdog organiza- hurly-burly and often contentious But for it to have impact, the concept tions — Common Cause, Congress process. In the end, of course, change needs deep academic study and Watch, Consumers Union, Friends of is achieved through congressional and thought behind it." the Earth, the Environmental Defense executive branch actions. The rigorous intellectual backing for Fund and others attempt to speak for Virtually every American school public policy decisions is to a large ex- the public, and have clearly influenced child learns this in civics. We all know tent coming from think tanks. Many of national policy, particularly in the that the triumvirate of Congress, the the specifics of the Reagan agenda, areas of government accountability, President and the Judiciary make, including the mechanics of bringing environmental protection and con- enforce and interpret the laws of the about the changes, started out as sumer affairs matters. While these United States. But today there is also think-tank proposals. One might think groups have some impact, such organ- something of a fourth or shadow that congressmen, administration of- izations do not function like classic branch of government of which not all ficials and the large staffs of each body think tanks, which are oriented more Americans are aware. would undertake the studies. But as toward scholarly thinking than lobby- Indeed, public policy institutions Kristol pointed out, "politicians don't ing and advocacy work. and foundations, along with special in- have time to think." Such is the press The concepts produced by tradi- and complexity of national politics. tional think tanks are therefore given San Francisco-based journalist Jay Consequently, government needs a bit more credence in the nation's Stuller, a contributor to this and other the policy spadework that's done by power center, said Seymor Martin national magaziries, frequently covers the think tanks — thoughts on what Lipset, a professor of political science business and political topics. the United States should do about the and sociology at Stanford, Senior Fel-
26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE low at the Hoover • Another think Institution and a tank is the 40- noted writer on year-old American American public pol- Enterprise Institute. icy. "Americans are When Ronald Rea- a people who have a gan was elected to respect for exper- the White House, tise. They put more more than two trust in academic dozen AEI staff research than what members left to join is put out by a rep- the administration. resentative of a spe- Aside from its var- cial interest group," ious periodical pub- he said. lications, the organ- The think tanks ization has printed serve as an opera- literally hundreds of tional base or con- books and papers, duit for some of the covering religion, best minds in the economic policy, United States. While legal policy and na- the majority of pub- tional defense. lic policy research • Established in is done in universi- the early '70s, the ties by professors Heritage Foundation who hold affiliations has made a rapid with the think tanks, rise in public pohcy the institutions get circles. It's the most the ideas into the conservative, and proper hands. perhaps the most With the crowd aggressive in push- and clamor in the ing its positions. nation's capital, new Aside from its staff ideas must come of 30 — mostly post- already polished, academics in their packaged and re- late 20s — Heritage fined- Getting an draws on a "resource idea from conception bank" of more than to the public arena 1,000 other persons can take several years. And for a pro- throughout the United States. posal to ultimately succeed, it must • Located on the campus of Stan- gain visibiUty and attention in Wash- ford University, the Hoover Institu- ington. As Kristol explained, "we tion of War, Revolution and Peace was (public pohcy scholars) educate poHti- Heav/-fi/ft/ng founded in 1919 as a center for docu- cians, the staffs of politicians and the mentation. With a $9 million budget, media. Our business is shaping the think tanks "bring the institution maintains one of the public agenda." most complete Ubraries in the world. Institutions that generate the basic ideas to tlie powers On the roll of Hoover fellows are five grist for the nation's agenda have been Nobel Prize winners — including around for some time. Counting the and get power economist Milton Friedman — and men newer special interest organizations, behind the ideas" like physicist Edward Teller and phi- there are thousands. But in the purist losopher Sidney Hook. While Hoover world of public policy think tanks, is noted as a conservative think tank, there are just a few heavy hitters: 11 of its 25 permanent or core fellows • The most venerable is The Brook- growth in government social and are Democrats and 10 Republicans. ings Institution, a private, non-profit entitlement programs, the very Nevertheless, whether an idea is organization incorporated in 1927, policies being criticized by conserva- liberal or conservative in tone, it merging three smaller institutions. tive think tanks in the '80s. makes its way into public pohcy de- One of the largest, and traditionally Located on Massachusetts Avenue in bates in much the same manner. And most influential tanks, Brookings Washington, D.C., Brookings has a it's usually not created by only one started out conservative, opposing budget of roughly $12 million. Still individual: virtually every issue draws most of the New Deal. Curiously widely, but inaccurately, considered a comment and analysis from a collection enough, it blossomed in the '60s when liberal organization, it conducts wide- of voices. "One has to remember that it turned out papers and proposals ranging policy studies in domestic and it's not a tiny group of people making that served as the foundation for international economics, foreign affairs, policy," said Semerad. "It's quite a Democratic and liberal social policy. national defense and social issues such robust process." From Brookings came the underpin- as abortion and health care systems. At The process starts when a scholar nings of President Lyndon Johnson's any given time, Brookings has upward conceives an idea, such as free trade "Great Society" and the tremendous of 80 research projects under way. Continued on page 56
FEBRUARY 1985 27 WWII spatuned a unique system of worldwide mail delivery that bolstered GIs' spirits and kept them in touch with home and loved ones
cisco. The Army Signal Corps would be responsible for microfilming and developing processes and for establish- ing photographic mail stations. Originally, processing stations were to be operated by the Signal Corps. But after all possibilities had been ex- plored, and where conditions permit- ted, stations were put under contract to the U.S. Eastman Kodak Company or with the British firm, Kodak, Ltd. The Signal Corps would supply the service in war zones and in other civilian-restricted areas. old. Sometimes, because of enemy ac- By the summer of 1942, the pro- By William L. Noyer tion, they never arrived at all. gram was ready, except for a title. To improve this situation, the Army Rose and his staff didn't like the cur- M^^^lhe leaves are just begin- ordered Col. William Rose, Army rent one: Army Micro Photographic ^ H ning to fall here, and the postal director, and his staff to Mail Service. The name, they felt, H nights are growing crisp develop a microfilm mail system. H and cold." In their research. Rose and his col- The date was Oct. 2, leagues learned that a system called H 1943, and a mother was microphotography had been invented H writing to her son in the by the French to get mail in and Army. She reflected for a moment, out of besieged Paris and Metz then added a few lines about home, during the Franco-Prussian War of the girl next door, the family dog and 1870-71. The French had placed " father raking leaves. film in a quill attached by a waxed It wasn't a very important letter as silk thread to a carrier pigeon. Each letters go, but a couple of weeks later it quill contained about 80,000 mes- did wonders for the morale of a young sages. As many as 35 pigeons carried man in a steamy South Pacific jungle. the same messages to ensure Anyone who has served in the armed delivery—winter and snipers' forces will tell you that there is nothing bullets took a heavy toll. When ^^S'-- more important than mail. a pigeon arrived safely in Paris, ""y - Even so, during the early days of the films were projected on a WWII mail sacks had to wait their turn screen, copied by clerks and at the dock along with food, munitions mailed to the addressees. and medical supplies. By the time let- Working closely with the Navy and ters arrived, they were often months U.S. Post Office, Rose and his staff developed a plan that would dehver William L. Noyer is a retired librarian, the mail to and from the Army and author and free-lance writer who Navy overseas post offices (APOs and specializes in military history. FPOs) in New York and San Fran- — —
should reflect the times: strip of white paper was short and streamlined to oS***' pasted over words that typify the swift compact- | had to be omitted. ness of the service itself. ^ V-Mail service grew They came up with "Vic- | rapidly. From 35,000 let- tory Mail." ^ ters sent overseas in June "Why not just V-Mail?," 1942, the number leaped someone asked. "After the to nearly 12 million with- words we could use the in a year. The number notes symbolic of the V processed overseas for sign after Beethoven's transmittal to the U.S. Fifth Symphony." showed a corresponding "Better than that," an- increase—from 18,000 in other suggested. "Instead June 1942 to 7.6 million in of a hyphen between the V June 1943. The peak vol- and the mail we could have ume was handled in April the Morse code for V." 1944—63.6 million. So the official name be- Even with such a huge came V - • -Mail. Regular volume, the V-Mail service use over a period of time was able to boast that it shortened it to V-Mail. never lost a letter. Sunken The service began June ships, fallen planes, and all 12, 1942, with letters de- forms of destruction could livered to President mean, at most, a slight de- Franklin D. Roosevelt, MAIL A soldier's life revolves around mail from home. lay, for original letters and the first Signal Photo were kept until their re- Mail Company began July 1, 1942. By print, placed in a window-envelope productions reached their destina- then, detachments of trained men had and dehvered to the addressee. This tions. Thus, when the Lisbon Clipper scattered over the globe. The was about half the width of the origi- crashed with 110 rolls of V-Mail film, Eastman Kodak Company continued nal letter, but entirely legible. every letter was soon on in its way to train Signal Corps men in this spe- A perfect system? Almost. It had again on another plane. cialty until autumn, when the Signal one inflexible limitation that users The final letter — number 338, Corps established an Official Photo were warned about: "It cannot ac- 824,081—was sent Oct. 14, 1945, by Mail Station in the Pentagon and commodate enclosures. A photo- Maj. Gen. Clarence H. Kells, com- thereafter conducted its own training. graphed dollar bill would be hardly manding officer of the New York Port The V-Mail system worked by using spendable, a photographed stamp of Embarkation. In it Kells pointed a special form available free from any hardly usable, or a photographed stick out that V-Mail had saved an esti- post office. The form was an 8V2- by of gum hardly chewable." mated 95.5 percent in cubic footage of 11-inch sheet of white paper with As letters were opened mechanically cargo space. space for about 700 words. Folded, at high speed, extra contents were Although military experts agree that sealed, stamped with 3-cents postage and addressed to the recipient by name and APO number, the letter would go to a V-Mail station in San Soflte thought letters were thrown on a Francisco or New York. Outgoing letters were fed into an screen in a camp movie housefor all troops opening machine, then sorted by hand for destination and according to to read. Others thought V-Mail was censored. whether they were typewritten or handwritten. They were then fed into Neither was true. a recorder at the rate of 2,000 an hour. After each 100 letters a "target" letter bearing a number was fed into the usually scattered and couldn't be offensives were needed to end the war, recorder. Thus, if the microfilming of traced to the right letters. Even and these offensives were dependent any of the letters was faulty, the pasted pictures could not be transmit- upon shipping space to transport mil- missed letters could be easily located ted because the recording machines lions of tons of men and materiel all by the numbers on the "targets" and were made to accommodate only a cer- over the world, the success of the put through again. The long strips of tain thickness of paper. V-Mail program cannot be measwed in exposed film were put into a machine It took a while for V-Mail to gain terms of cargo space saved. Rather, it that developed them in a continuous pubhc acceptance. The most popular was V-Mail's importance to morale, the process. After inspection, the film was misapprehension was that the letters, moving of letters—the tie that binds packed for shipment. being microfilmed, were thrown on a that may have done the most to help Thus, a 100-foot roll of 16mm film of screen in a camp movie house for all to shorten the war. 1,500 letters was flown across the read. The second objection was that As WWII soldier-cartoonist Bill ocean in a small box weighing less letters were scanned by a dozen curi- Mauldin wrote in his book, "Up than seven ounces—a ton of mail was ous eyes. Neither was true. Front": "The Mail is by far the most reduced to 25 pounds. Outgoing V-Mail was not censored. In- important reading matter that reaches At its destination, each frame of the coming V-Mail was censored in the coun- soldiers overseas ... A soldier's life film was enlarged to a 4- by 5-inch try of origin before being microfilmed. A revolves around his mail."
FEBRUARY 1985 29 The Ronald Reagan **DouUe Eagle" Commemorative
Mint-Perfect Layered in pure .999 Silver
Honoring tiie 40tli President of the United States
The authentic Reagan next fifty (50) years, for the full cash price "Double Eagle" "Double Eagle"— you paid. You may now acquire direct from the Extra Collectors Bonus Lower Serial Number National Historic Mint a first-edition Reagan Commemorative the authentic Many collectors desire a low Certificate — Note that this Com- "Double Eagle" Series "AA"— honoring of Authenticity serial number. Therefore memorative also the 40th President of the United States. please order your Commemorative memorializes the promptly. There is a limit of two (2) Layered in .999 pure silver bi-centennial (200 Commemoratives per address at this Each specimen is mint-perfect, layered in years) of the bald price, but requests mailed early enough pure .999 silver and will be accompanied eagle as America's (before April 17) are permitted to order by a Certificate of Authenticity to that national symbol —represented by up to 5. effect from the National Historic Mint. double eagles, one for each century. Since this offering is limited, please Limited Series Rare Mint Quality respond promptly — use the toll-free Rarer than any silver dollar ever minted, the Reagan number below to avoid disappointment. Or mail Commemorative is uncirculated and embodies the (promptly) to address below. American Numismatic Association's standard of perfect Send $10 for each Commemorative together with your mint state quality. Not more than 1 ,000,000 will be minted name and address. Add only $3 shipping and handling no in the "AA" Series. Thereafter, the dies will be destroyed, matter how many you order. (New York residents add sales thus assuring permanent rarity. tax.) Allow up to 6-8 weeks for shipment. Mail to: National A Unique Historic Event Historic Mint, Ronald Reagan "Double Eagle" Com- This Reagan issue was commissioned and struck by the memorative, Dept. 570-20, Box 1290, Westbury, New National Historic Mint as a unique commemorative York 11595. (E26760) medallion and has never been nor intended to be PHONE TOLL-FREE 1-800-826-4440 designated or circulated as currency. We therefore 24 HRS, 7 days including Sunday. Ask for recommend storage in its protective sleeve to protect Dept. 570-20 & tell operator product number E26760. against mishandling. Please have VISA or MASTER CARD number ready. Price honored only until April 25, 1985. FREE First Day Cover We cannot guarantee to honor requests at the original issue Collector's item 40th U.S. Presi- price after April 25, 1985. Your uncashed check will be — returned if postmarked later than midnight of that date. dent Commemorative Stamp mounted on official Antigua & 50- Year Repurchase Guarantee Barbuda Government First Day of Should you ever wish to sell or redeem your Reagan Issue Envelope, free with each commemorative, the National Historic Mint pledges to "Double Eagle" ordered. repurchase it from you upon demand, any time within the fc^M**"^^^^^ ® 1985 National Historic Mint. Ltd The National Historic Mint is a private corporation not affiliated as an agent or otherwise with the U.S. Government. VETERANS UPDATE
Some jobs are in jeopardy for veter- benefits to the nation's 88,000 living POWs. The 12-member ans because the 98th Congress failed to act before it committee is chaired by retired Air Force Lt. Gen. John P. adjourned in 1984. Flynn, a prisoner of North Vietnam for five and one-half years. The American Legion has fought steadily for veterans Membership includes physicians and other individuals who preference in four categories of federal hiring, while the have personal knowledge of the POW experience. Office of Management and Budget has insisted that con- Outreach activities by VA have been directed toward in- tracting out would be more cost effective. forming POWs of priority access to medical care and the The Senate's failure to pass a bill to continue the hiring claims review process. Among several steps taken to make preference means those currently on the job as elevator information more readily available was the installation of a operators, guards, custodians and messengers could be out toll-free POW hotline (1-800-821-8139). VA is also develop- of work when contracts with private firms or sheltered ing a computer system for analyzing POW claims and workshops for the handicapped are negotiated. health data.
Frank A. Kelly, chairman of the Legion's National Eco- While the VA study reflected increased claims activity, it nomics Commission, disapproved of the development. "The also showed that 63 percent of the POWs already assigned Legion has fought hard for veterans preference in the past disability ratings did a special protocol examination de- and we'll start the fight all over again, but it will be signed to gather in-depth informaion about these veterans tougher with the 99th Congress," he said. and their current health. Noting that some of those who might lose their jobs are Former POWs may schedule examinations by contacting disabled, Kelly added: "To take away their livelihood is any VA medical center, clinic or regional office. really a breach of faith by the government."
lood news for homeowners. The re- omen veterans' benefits have not G'cent upturn in the economy should help some been been used to the same extent as men's, accord- veteran-homeowners who have been unable to meet their ing to a recent report. mortgage obligations due to layoffs or reduced employ- Harry Walters, VA administrator, said the report "con- ment. However, the VA is aware that borrowers who will firms the need for our special efforts to assure that women not immediately be able to resume working may be among who served in our armed forces have full access to medical those who need more time to fully reinstate dehnquent care and are fully aware of their eligibility for benefits." home mortgages. The report included data on women veterans in the major Ray Brodie, a senior Veterans Administration loan offi- areas of population, health care, compensation and pension cer, said that in March 1983, more than 104,000 loans were and education benefits. in default, meaning the veterans failed to pay their Since 1966, 174,057 women—about 2.4 percent of the mortgages for three months or more. total—were among the more than seven miUion veterans In 1983, the VA acquired 21,411 defaulted properties who received VA-assisted training. That ratio has nearly valued at $722 million, compared with 16,656 homes valued tripled based on recent data where women accounted for at $587 minion in 1982; 13,326 homes valued at $352 million nearly 6.8 percent of the veterans actually in training as of in 1981 and 11,549 homes valued at $234 million in 1980. April 1983. This trend reflects the greater number of Veterans who are behind in their mortgage payments women serving in the armed forces in recent years. and are unable to obtain further forebearance from lenders Since being named to head the VA in December 1982, are urged to contact the nearest VA regional office. Walters has taken a variety of steps to improve service to women veterans, including the appointment of an 18- Disability compensation payments go member Advisory Committee on Women Veterans. to more than one-third of the nation's living former VA medical centers have been instructed to develop a prisoners of war, according to a new VA study. The VA firm plan for the care of women veterans and to identify said claims have increased by more than 30 percent since any barriers to their care. Though the majority of health the agency began intensive POW outreach in October 1981. problems for which women veterans are being treated are The study, presented to a recent meeting of the VA's not gender-related, provision of gynecologic care to both Advisory Committee on Former Prisoners of War, sum- inpatients and outpatients has been upgraded. marizes the results of physical examinations conducted Privacy limitations at VA medical facilities are also being among some 12,000 POWs who sought disability ratings or corrected in line with the VA policy of providing equitable increases since enactment of special POW legislation in care to all veterans. 1981. The vast majority of the claims—nearly 8,000—were "We now have the comprehensive demographic data filed by WWII veterans who served in Europe. necessary for more effective planning toward meeting the The committee, formed in 1982, provides the VA adminis- future needs and concerns of women who have earned their trator with recommendations concerning health care and other right to veterans benefits," Walters said.
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LEGION URGES STRONGER U.S.-MEXICAN TIES
States-Mexican relations Foreign Relations Commission. The preventing Soviet or Cuban military Unitedshould continue to receive the NEC resolution adopted the following activity in the region. highest, immediate attention, recommendations of the study: • The United States should expand according to an 18-month • The president should appoint a educational exchanges with Mexico at American Legion study. bipartisan commission to study the in- the undergraduate college level and in The study, conducted by the terrelationship of the United States, some vocational-technical programs. Legion's Western Hemisphere Mexico and Canada. (Although the Regarding the third recommenda- Task Force, was punctuated by two study did not address U.S.-Canadian tion, educational cooperation as seen prevalent themes: cooperation be- through an effective scholarship pro- tween the U.S. and Mexico is vitally gram is already under way between important, but historical or past ex- the Departments of Mexico and periences remain a wedge to warmer Historical Missouri, and may well serve as a relations between the two countries. experiences remain model for other Legionnaire educa- The task force, part of the National a tional exchanges. Foreign Relations Commission, was wedge between tlie For several years, the Department composed of chairman Dr. Robert P. of Mexico annually selected a Mexican Foster (Mo.), George T. Lewis (Tenn.) two countries. student to receive the Triplett-Foster and George D. Triplett (Mexico). Scholarship, providing one year at According to the study, U.S.- Northeast Missouri State University. Mexican interactions during the past relations, they should be studied by That program is now a full, four-year 200 years "have created stereotypes the commission to provide a balanced scholarship. which today influence perception and consideration of problems affecting re- The Department of Mexico is seek- hamper full U.S.-Mexican cooperation lations with both neighbors.) ing scholarships from other posts and for mutual benefit of both countries. • The U.S. government should departments so more Mexican stu- Many Americans lack knowledge of encourage more effective U.S.- dents may attend U.S. colleges. Mexico and display a condescending Mexican cooperation in promoting Interested Legionnaires may write attitude toward Mexicans. On the democratic evolution in Central to John E. Hayes, Department Com- other hand," the study revealed, America, excluding imposed totalitar- mander, Adpo. Postal #280, Del "many Mexicans vividly recall a legacy ian Marxist-Leninist regimes, and Valle, Nuevo Leon, CP 66220, Mexico. of what they regard as U.S. military aggression, political interference and economic domination. Thus, despite similar se- curity interests and myriads of warm and friendly individual, busi- ness and organizational ties, historical experi- ences and misperceptions on both sides of the bor- der persistently cloud U.S.-Mexican relations." The task force inter- viewed State Depart- ment and Pentagon offi- cials and spent numerous days talking to Mexican leaders in government, business and education. Results of the study were presented to the National Executive TASK FORCE— 1/.S. Ambassador to the Organization of American States, J. William Middendorf II Committee by Doc Si- (left), meets with task force chairman Dr. Robert P. Foster (2nd from left), George T. Lewis (3rd from mon, chairman of the left), and George D. Triplett.
FEBRUARY 1985 33 PENNSYLVANIA INTERSTATE 81 Talking Magazine: Good Way to Reacli DESIGNATED lEGIDN HIGHWAY' Handicapped People
/nterstate Highway 81 in Pennsyl- Legislative Committee. He's also the XT^rhere does a Legionnaire who vania has been designated Ameri- chairman of Pennsylvania's House 1 Ify rehes on The American Le- can Legion Memorial Highway by Transportation Committee." yy GION Magazine turn when the Commonwealth's General Assem- Hoak said the Legion resolution failing eyesight or disability strike? A bly. Interstate 81 runs through the specifically designated Interstate 81 "talking" American Legion Maga- northeast section of the state, serving because it hes on the route to Indian- zine offers the perfect answer. the cities of Wilkes-Barre, Scranton town Gap National Cemetery. Visually impaired and physically and Harrisburg. Highway signs designating Inter- handicapped Legionnaires are eligible Dept. Adj. Edward T. Hoak, who state 81 as American Legion Memorial for a recorded version of The Amer- wrote the original resolution, said, Highway will be placed this spring. ican Legion Magazine available in "Much of the credit for this project be- Earlier this year, Gov. Richard conjunction with the Library of Con- longs to our Legionnaires, especially Thomburgh signed legislation dedicat- gress's "Talking Books" program. The Amos Hutchinson, a state legislator ing Interstate 95 in Pennsylvania the "Talking American Legion Magazine" is and vice chairman of our Department Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway. produced on a flexible disc recording. Special phonographic equipment for playing the 8 1/3 rpm discs is available free to active subscribers of the Library of Congress's Talking Books program. HEALTH CARE SDRVEY FOR WOMEN Enrollment applications, eHgibility criteria and answers to frequently asked questions, are available from A n estimated 3,000 women vet- programs — and to estimate the future The American Legion Magazine, /-\ erans nationwide will be polled support needed for this expanding P.O. Box 1055, Indianapohs, IN 46206. ^ JL by Louis Harris and Associ- group of veterans. ates, Inc., for the VA, which will use Also, the survey will attempt to the data to plan for the future care of provide answers concerning the impact women veterans. of increased demands on Veterans The survey will provide specific Administration programs and benefits needs and demographic projections of for all women veterans. women veterans, and informaton that A separate study of post-traumatic the VA can use to establish baseline stress disorder and other readjust- data for the current population of ment problems among Vietnam-era women veterans — their knowledge of, veterans, announced recently, also will and attitudes toward the usage of VA include women veterans.
MEDAL TO HONOR VIETNAM VETERANS
U.S. Mint is accepting sug- would be ready for sale to the public rhegested designs until Feb. 28 for a by the U.S. Mint this fall. bronze medal honoring all mili- Artists and others may submit de- tary personnel who served in Southeast signs for one or both sides of the Asia during the Vietnam War. The de- medal. The design submissions should sign competition is open to all Vietnam be in black and white pencil or ink veterans, medallic artists and other in- drawing within an 8-inch circle and terested persons. The initials of the mounted on a 10- by 10-inch illustra- designer will appear on the medal. tion board. Designers should print or The American Legion worked long type their names on a 3- by 5-inch card to assure passage of the legislation, accompanying the illustration board. P.L. 98-566. Gary W. Sammons, Designs should be mailed to the Viet- UNCOMMON yALOR— Marines hoisted chairman of the Legion's National nam Veterans National Medal, U.S. Old Glory over Iwo Jima 40 years ago on Legislative Commission and a Viet- Mint, Treasury Dept., Washington, Feb. 23, 1945. America was six months nam veteran, said he hoped the medal D.C. 20220. away from war's end and victory.
34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Written by members of the Griffin Cimmaailep at ?mm High School drama group under the direction of Pat Lee, chairman of the school's speech and drama depart- ment, the play uses a variety of dra- LEGION BROCHURE INSPIRES PLAY matic lighting and staging techniques to present a message of caring and hope in the face of despair. "I was impressed with the play itself and with the young men and women who wrote and produced it," Bacon said. "They conveyed a very impor- tant, yet dehcate, message in an origi- nal and dramatic way. It is significant that high school students selected the topic of teen-age suicide as the theme, and I am particularly gratified that an American Legion publication served as inspiration for the production." More than 500 community leaders and students attended the premiere, following which Bacon presented an American Legion Certificate of Com- mendation to the cast and crew and Mrs. Lee — who in turn gave Bacon an engraved plaque with a color photo of the students involved. Bacon was a special guest of Griffin American Legion Post 5 and its Auxil- iary. In addition to the play, students from Griffin High School Junior ROTC welcomed Commander Bacon and his party with a drill ceremony and an honor guard escort. "Dim Lights Need More Current" will be entered in the Georgia High School Drama competition.
Cash Donation Made To Vietnam-era Study
American Legion-Columbia rheUniversity study of Vietnam-era veterans has received a cash do- nation from an outside group. The Indiana Vietnam Veterans Agent Orange Research Fund donated $500 to The American Legion during a ALL-STAR CAST— Cdr. Bacon is rewarded by Griffin High Sctiool drama students for ceremony at national headquarters. his commendation to them for their play on teen-age suicide. Sammy L. Davis, a Medal of Honor winner, made the presentation to raking its cue from today's The play, titled "Dim Lights Need Natl. Adj. Robert W. Spanogle. headlines — and an American More Current," premiered in November The research fund organization was Legion brochure, "Warning before an audience that included Natl. formed in 1984 by a group of veterans Signs" — a group of Griffin, Ga., high Cdr. Clarence M. Bacon, Natl. Vice and others interested in finding an- school students has dramatized in an Cdr. Robert Turner, National Exec- swers to the many questions surround- original play the issue of teen-age utive Committeemen E. Roy Stone Jr., ing exposure to the defoUant widely suicide and its tragic consequences. (S.C.) and W. D. Harrell, (Ga.) used in Vietnam.
FEBRUARY 1985 35 —
PROFILES IN SERVICE
National Public Relations Commission
Telling The Legion's Story
M company that doesn't pub- ^ licize its programs and H activities is like a guy v^ink- BH ing at a girl in the dark. ^^^ He knows what he's doing, H^Bbut nobody else does." That's how William M. Detweiler, chairman of the Legion's National Public Relations Commission, summarized the purpose of any public relations effort. "Public relations," he said, "is tell- ing your story in pubhc. It's an effort that results in more than just public- ity. It results in education. Your pub- licity effort might be to send a note to the local newspaper about a fish fry to raise money for your community service projects," said Detweiler, a Vietnam War veteran and attorney in New Orleans. "Your public relations effort, how- ever, would explain how the proceeds from the fish fry would be used and how the community benefits by sup- porting it. A good public relations ef- fort might also include photos with a press release describing the money in action, perhaps members taking needed items to veterans in a VA American Legion facility, helping young people in a Boy Scout program GAME PLANS Detweiler, right, and Hubert R. Dagley 11, division director, plan Amer- or in any of the other local projects ican Legion publicity efforts. your post supports. We don't want to be like the man winking in the dark," and an estimated 10.5 million Ameri- Detweiler said. cans watched. Historically, much of The American "We cannot succeed Such innovative public relations ef- Legion's national recognition has re- forts aren't found only on the national sulted from the efforts of the 33- without the volunteer level. For example, the Department of member National Public Relations Minnesota made a series of 18 infor- Commission. For instance, in the grassroots efforts mational radio tapes explaining Legion 1930s," popular humorist and philoso- of our post and programs and services. Thousands of pher Will Rogers participated in a Minnesotans learned about the nationwide Legion "Four Chaplains" department public Legion's service to veterans, children radio program. And in 1952, the relations chairmen" and the nation. Legion originated, organized and In 1972, the Department of broadcast a "Back to God" program in Louisiana mounted a public relations which President Dwight D. Eisen- campaign urging voter support of an hower, a Legionnaire, participated, as country in a series of 15-minute radio amendment to the state's constitution did most radio and television stations programs discussing such topics as the allowing a bonus for Louisiana Viet- across the nation. More than 100 mil- importance of the U.S. military re- nam combat veterans. Through this ef- lion people, including some behind the serve system and Soviet vs. American fort, the state paid $15 million in Iron Curtain, listened or watched. air power. In all, 13 broadcasts were bonuses, and Louisianans learned In 1956, Natl. Cdr. J. Addington made. In 1959, "We Who Serve," a more about The Legion. Wagner and other Legionnaires and Legion-made movie, was shown on 403 Not all of the Legion's public rela- prominent Americans spoke to the of the nation's 501 television stations, tions efforts have been warmly
36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE
I V —
greeted. "Once," said Detweiler, "a ers and photographers. The advance group of professors supported a series work of the public relations staff has of elementary textbooks for use in resulted in a heightened awareness, American schools. The Legion be- both locally and nationally, of the lieved the books promoted sociahsm, Legion's significance in national and and opposed their use. To back that local community life. up, the Legion published an expert While reporters and photographers analysis of the books, including con- are covering the convention, the pubHc curring observations by some of the relations staff is covering it too. Be- nation's leading educators. The books sides meeting internal information re- were finally withdrawn from virtually quirements, it sends releases and pho- every system using them. tographs to newspapers and radio and "Well, we got blasted by one of the television stations nationwide. professors who helped write the The commission also supervises the books," Detweiler said. "In his crit- support its staff gives in promoting icism, he characterized the Legion as a Legion volunteer programs such as Boys reactionary group basically unqualified Nation, Oratorical Contest, American to make such an observation. He sup- Legion Baseball and Special Olympics. ported his argument by noting that "Our job is service," said Detweiler. the Legion 'sees war latent in the "The Public Relations Commission and entire world situation and wishes the its staff are dedicated to the support of United States to be ready for any program divisions, departments and " emergency at home or abroad.' posts in getting our story to the pub- "That was 1939," Detweiler said, lic. We are committed to a positive "and everyone knows now that history approach to public relations, both in- proved the Legion right. But we are IMAGE-MAKER — Detwe/7er speaks to ternally and externally. Our job is to not a Nostradamus, reading the stars NALPA members after receiving their create and foster the true image of to predict the future as we would wish 1984 "President's Award" for his Legion The American Legion. it to be. We are only rational men and public relations efforts. "But no matter what we do at the women who observe and analyze facts national level" he concluded, "we can- and then, thanks to our public rela- prepare speeches for national officers. not succeed without the grassroots ef- tions efforts, present our findings to Each year, the staff prepares over 200 forts of our post and department pub- Congress, state legislatures and as- press kits for the national convention lic relations chairmen. These volun- semblies, and to city and county lead- and distributes pre-convention re- teers are the keys to successful Legion ers in countless thousands of public leases and press credentials to report- public relations." service groups across the nation." The Legion's method of telling its story and the machinery for that task is the job of the National Public Rela- tions Commission and its staff in Indianapolis and Washington, D.C. Organized in 1944, the commission is responsible for internal and external communications. Within the Legion, the commission oversees pubhcation of "The American Legion News Service," a collection of camera-ready news stories and photographs of Legionnaires in action at the national and local levels. It's also distributed to other media throughout the country. Outside the organization, public rela- tions efforts include press releases to all major newspapers and magazines, con- gressmen, senators and wire services. The pubHc relations staff of profes- sionals have both print and electronic media backgrounds and help produce SPREADING THE WORD Leaflets, brochures, booklets and magazines emanating sHde shows and movies, promote the from National Headquarters help the commission to do its job of spreading the word programs of other divisions and help about The American Legion programs and policies.
FEBRUARY 1985 37 ACTION
Hard work and the will to excel paid off recently for Nathanial Adams Blanchard Post 1040, Delmar, N.Y., when the post's LEGIONNAIRE monthly newspaper, Ten Forty Times, earned double honors. It first won the 1984 William E. Rominger Memorial Award of the National American Legion OF THE MONTH Press Association for the best editorial in a post paper during 1983-84, then took the "most outstanding post newspaper" for 1983-84. Also, the post was cited for its excellent Americanism program.
Albuquerque Legionnaires joined forces with their Auxiliary, local veterans, fraternal and community-service organizations, the VA and nurs- ing services to raise $20,000 to buy audio-visual equipment for patient education at the Albuquerque VA Medical Center.
Championing the cause of reading, literate-minded Le- gionnaires and Auxiliary of Frank E. Boomer Post 6, Portsmouth, N.H., helped give away more than 300 paperback books in a "Reading is Fundamental" program at the New Franklin School in Portsmouth.
In the "better late than never" category, the com- P. E. ''Gunny" Brandon mander of Post 103, West Branch, Mich., was awarded a Purple Heart Medal he earned in 1945 as a soldier who was taken prisoner by the Japanese. Arvid LEGIONNAIRE P. E. "Gunny" McPherson received his award from the local Ogemaw County veterans affairs Brandon is used to fighting for what he believes in. office. Also presented were the medals and decorations the commander earned That's what he did in 1979-80 as a member of the U.S. Air Force in Korea. when he used $24,000 of his own money to open a veterans is in life for most Legion- Fund-raising a second calling club for his fellow Legionnaires in naires. Continuing the tradition, Hanson Post 54 in Amarillo, Texas, donated McMinnville, Ore. One month after he
$7,230 to buy six wall-mounted television sets for Amarillo's VA Medical Center. opened it, membership grew to 286. Post members have now bought 22 sets, which can be seen more comfortably by Before that, meetings of Post 21 — all bed-ridden patients. Another money-raiser by Legionnaires of Colonial Heights 13 members — were held in homes. Post 284, Colonial Heights, Va., earned $4,050 to help leukemia victims. Brandon has been commander of Post 21 several times and is part of the secret of its continued growth. He has Concern for senior citizens inspired Charles Arthur, ser- also served as finance manager, pro- vice officer for Post 298, Angola, N.Y., to take decisive action. Every day for gram organizer, host and cook. two weeks before Thanksgiving, Arthur ran an advertisement in local newspa- Membership reached 500 last sum- pers inviting all community senior citizens to a free holiday dinner at the post. mer and, thanks to Brandon's exam- The post also provided transportation and delivered meals to shut-ins. ple. Post 21 is a guiding force for community service. Members visit Quick action by William Muse, commander of E. Roger Montgomery convalescent homes, provide emer- Post 81, Contoocook, N.H., and his fellow Legionnaires, helped a patriotic gency food, give handicapped persons American vote last November. Apparently, a fellow Legionnaire learned four rides to medical facilities in Salem and crutches, walkers days before registration deadline that he lacked the necessary registration cre- Portland, provide and hospital beds and organize Memo- dentials to vote. He appealed to Muse for help. Muse and his men went to work, rial Day parades. During heavy winter weaving their way through a tangle of city hall bureaucracy against an ex- snows, Brandon helps organize a team tremely tight deadline and got the person registered with time to spare. of four-wheeled vehicle owners for a volunteer transportation service. Mothers and sons in the same Legion posts are not all that rare. A retired Marine gunnery sergeant, But Clyde Kuhn at Joe Stickell Post 15, Waynesboro, Pa., and his mom, Brandon was hit twice by gunfire and Geneva V. Cook, stretch longevity a little. Kuhn is 85 and a WWI veteran who 43 times by shrapnel in Vietnam. He joined the Legion in 1919. His mother, 103, joined the post in 1924. Both mom summed up his devotion to the Legion said: and son are healthy and still quite active. and his community when he "When you're used to caring about people, it's hard to quit." That give-it-all-you-got attitude was Editor's Note: THE American Legion Magazine highlights the outstanding why he was chosen Oregon's "Legion- contributions of as many Legionnaires and posts as possible each moyith . We naire of the Year" in 1983. invite your submissions-P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Ind. Jt6206.
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Name (Please Print)
City/State/Zip Accredited by the National Home Study Council .
North Haven, Conn., Post 76 Feeding the Poor of the Community
H S A KID growing up in years and for 16 years have presented w the 'oOs I recall how much a nationally recognized series of Four H I looked up to those men Chaplains services in February. ^^^H who belonged to the local Organizing those annual services ^P^H American Legion post. I has been the job of Wallace Bassett, a H remember thinking that tireless Legionnaire and past post some day I wanted to be part of that, commander. Bassett and other volun- to be one of those guys who did so teers present their program to keep much for our town and meant so much alive the sacrifices of two ministers, a to me." priest and a rabbi who gave away That's how Walter Gawrych felt their life jackets so that soldiers on a about the men of Murray- Reynolds torpedoed WWII troop ship, the USS Post 76, North Haven, Conn., and Dorchester, could live. that's why he joined the post when he The services have been attended by was discharged after WWII. past national officers, including a na- As first selectman (mayor) of North tional chaplain, and for years were at- Haven, Gawrych has a particularly tended by the late Mrs. Bruce Cun- good vantage point from which to ningham, the widow of the Rev. Clark judge the post's impact on North HELP THE NEEDY— Post 76 volunteers V. PoHng, one of the chaplains who Haven and to recommend it for Post prepare dozens of food boxes for the died on the Dorchester. The post, of the Month. "This post is extremely needy in North Haven. partly because of the services, has supportive of the people in this com- won its depai-tment's "Back To God" munity," he said. "Post members don't is right next door to our town hall," award four times in the last 10 years. sound their own horn very much, but explained Fred Foster, administrative In 198o, thanks in part to Post 76's everyone knows about them because assistant to Selectman Gawrych. The work, Connecticut Gov. William A. of their work." post's closeness to town hall comes in O'Neill proclaimed February "Four Founded in 1920, the post's 287 handy when large crowds show up for Chaplains Month." members have sustained their found- town meetings. When that happens, Besides its own leaders, including ers' desires that the post become a the meetings are moved to the post. Post Cdr. George Breuler and Post positive force for North Haven, a town Adj. Michael Pelligrino, Post 76 pro- of about 25,000 near New Haven in vides leaders for the larger communi- southern Connecticut. "Post members don't ty, too. In addition to Gawrych, three Years ago, town leaders felt area state representatives are members of poor children needed help to enjoy a sound their own horn Post 76, and a half dozen others are on merrier Christmas, so they asked the much, but everyone the town's police and fire depart- post for help. Post 76 began a gift pro- ments. Pelligrino has also been a sec- gram that is now an annual project of knows about them . ond district commander. George Nye, the entire community. The post also a WWII veteran, was a department gives 80 to 90 food baskets, each historian, and Rev. Earl T. Wilhams is weighing about 60 pounds, to needy Post members provide a color guard the chaplain at the West Haven VA families at Thanksgiving and Christ- for swearing-in ceremonies of town Medical Center. mas. Emergency funds for needy selectmen, volunteer their services at Working with Post 76 Legionnaires famihes are available from the post, VA hospitals in both New Haven and are members of their Auxiliary, who thanks mostly to the efforts of Jim Fail-field, sponsor a Boy Scout troop, sponsor students to Girls' State and DeMarzo, post service officer and send delegates to Boys' State, sponsor support a battered women's program. liaison to the town board. Legion Oratorical Contests, sponsor a Auxiliary President Eloise Swingler Post members' service to the com- Sons of The American Legion Squad- Kennedy also plays the bugle for the munity is known beyond the Legion ron, volunteer at Special Olympics Four Chaplains services. and North Haven. CharHe Slavin, an programs in two cities, conduct an an- Rev. Vincent E. Lyddy, pastor of aide to the leader of Connecticut's nual Veterans Day dance, help out at a St. Francis Cabrini Church, and one of Knights of Columbus and a nearby town playground and give aid to several persons who recommended Hamden resident, said, "Whenever handicapped children. Members also Post 76 for Post of the Month, may they're called upon for help, the men sponsored the baseball team that have summed it up best when he of that post never refuse." finished fifth in the Legion's 1972 wrote: "Post 76 is a credit to veterans, The post's impact on the community World Series. to our country, to our town especially, is symbolically evident, too. "The post Post 76 Legionnaires have organized and to the (Legion's) national organ- faces our 'green' or public square and the town's Memorial Day parade for 25 ization. We are very proud of it."
40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE -
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1 I WISH TO PARTICIRVTE IN AMERICA'S FAMILY ALBUM.
1 enclose a check/money order for $10, along with my family photograph. 1 understand this photograph will not be returned to me and will be part of a public exhibit. (Please Print)
Name. Principal Family Name in Photo:
Address Country of Origin: City .State. .Zip-
Year of first entry into U.S. (if known): Telephone ( )- -Btrthdate.
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OUTFIT REUNIONS
557th Ord. HM Co. (tk) WWII (May-Houston) Billy Felts, Army 4802 Dates Rd.. Houston, TX 77013 (713) 672-1313 Navy 640th QM Ldry. Co. (July-Knoxville, TN) Charlie Mills, 405 W. Glenwood St., Knoxville, TN 37917 (615) 1st Combat Engr. Bn., 1st Combat Inf. Div. 525-9028 1st NCB (Apr- St. Louis) Charles Mischler. 29 Sanford (Oct-Kerhonkson. NY) Oscar Fellman. 311 Sycamore 644th Tank Destroyer Bn. (July-French Lick, IN) Gerald Ave.. Emerson. NJ 07630 (201) 262-6615 St., Weldon, NC 27890 (919) 536-2104 Hoffer, 752 Locke Ct., Nappanee, IN 46550 (219) 2nd Beach Bn. (Sept-lndianapolis) Walter Bryant. 7620 10th Arm'd Div. Vets Assn. (Sept-Cherry Hill, NJ) 773-3301 E. 50th St., Indianapolis, IN 46226 (317) 547-2319 James Revell, 10433 SW 99th Terr., Miami, FL 33176 648th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Sept-Fond du Lac. Wl) Max 55th NCB (June-Burbank, CA) Ralph Hirst, 150 Kern (305) 271-6087 Magyar, Rogersville Rd.. Rt. 5, Fond du Lac. Wl St , Sp. 47, Salinas, CA 93905 (408) 424-4335 12th Arm'd Div. Assn. (Sept-Orlando, FL) Warren 54935 (414) 921-4639 78th NCB WWII (Oct-Gulfport, MS) Ken Kelly, Box 194, Maue, 4320 Germantown-Liberty Rd., Germantown. 709th Tank Bn. (Sept-Lancaster, PA) Paul Claster, 19 Grand Haven. Ml 49417 (616) 798-4311 OH 45327 (513) 866-5004 Towne Terrace Apts., Middletown, NY 10940 (914) Commander Serv. Force Pacific (10-B&C) (Sept-Bend, 12th F.O.B. Observ. Bn. (July-West Liberty, lA) Ernest 343-4879 OR) Harold Hopper, Box 245, Haines, AK 99827 (907) Boat. 807 E. 3rd St., Pella, lA 50219 (515) 628-3163 728th Railway Oper. Bn. (June-Louisville, KY) John 766-2249 14th Arm'd Div. (July-Louisville, KY) Andrew Tierno, 42 McGill, 115 Forest View Dr., Louisville, KY 40219 Fasron 118 (1955-60) (Sept-Kansas City. MO) W.J. Vestal Ave., Binghampton, NY 13903 729th Railway Oper. Bn. (Sept-South Bend, IN) Albert Kuhn, 3605 NE 48th St., Kansas City, MO 64119 (816) 15th & 17th Cav. Recon. Grp. (Sept-Niagara Falls, NY) Colello, 4251 4fh Ave,, Altoona, PA 16602 (814) 943- 454-8376 John Andrezejak, 139 Peter St., Buffalo, NY 14207 0551 Navy 157 N.O.B. (Palermo, Sicily) (June) William Har- (716) 873-5427 732nd Railway Oper. Bn. WWII (July-Nashville. TN) rison. 2285 N Water St.. Decatur, IL 62526 l^uzzy, Marvin Seemann. 5211 S. Ave IL 25th Inf. Div. Assn. (Oct-Tampa, FL) Robert 809 Moody , Chicago. Society of Signalmen (June-San Diego) David Graham,
Forston Dr , Takoma Park, MD 20912 (301) 434-0192 60638 (312) 767-6947 Box 11247, San Diego, CA 92111 (619) 271-6106 42nd Rainbow Div. Vets Assn. (July-West Palm Beach, 755fh Railway Shop Bn. (July-Bucyrus. OH) Eugene SS Kenmar (Armed Guard) (Apr-New York City) Ted
FL) Philip Trout, 4121 8th Ave,, Temple. PA 19560 Perry Sr , 6093 Leetonia Rd., Leetonia, OH 44431 Heumann, 1577 Paterson PIk. Rd., Secaucus, NJ (215) 929-3541 (216) 424-7978 07094 (201) 863-0068
- - 46lh Engr. Regt. ( W W 1 1 K o r e a V i e t n a m 761st MP Bn. (WWII-Alaska) (Oct-Sacramento, CA) Tongue Point, (Astoria, OR) (Aug-Astoria, OR) Smokey
1 Mark (Sept-Springfield, MO) John Engholm. 361 Ohio, St. George Fiene, 5800 Twain Ave . Sacramento. Stover, 1409 11th St., Astoria, OR 97103 (503) 325- Louis. MO 63118 (314) 772-3646 CA 95820 (916) 451-7643 7002 50th AAA AW Bn. (SP-Korea) (Sept-Sandusky, OH) 967th F.A. Bn., 228th F.A. Grp. (May-Baltimore) Louis U.S. Navy Radio Direction Finding (Jupiter, FL-1943- Gene Ross, 532 Race St.. Clyde, OH 43410 (419) Persiano, 1939 Dundalk Ave,, Baltimore, MD 21222 44) (Oct-Orlando, FL) Robert Talbot. 1716 Concert 547-8839 285-0810 (301) Rd , Deltona, FL 32725 (908) 789-3879 79th F.A. Regt., 697th, 698th F.A. Bns. (Aug-Oxford. 3409th Ord. MAM Co. (formerly 68th QM) VC-4 (Sept-Valley Forge, PA) Edward Oscar, Box 431, AL) Thomas Parker, Box 13. Piedmont, AL 36272 (June-Danville, KY) Charles Randall. 4700 Alderson Kimberton, PA 19442 (215) 933-9188 84th QM Reserve Depot Co. (May-Sacramento, CA) Ln.. Mt Vernon, IN 47620 (812) 985-3254 VP 24 (Batgirl) (Aug-Orange Park, FL) D.L. Wiley, Btry., Ml) Richard Howard, 3132 Del Paso Blvd , Sacramento. "A" 939th F.A. old 166fh F.A. (Mar-Trenton, Wynne Rd., Ridge, MD 20680 (301) 872-4153 922-1361 CA 95815 (916) Thomas Cramer, 2110 3rd St , Trenton, Ml 48183 VPB-26 (Sept-Corning, NY) Robert Moreiko, Rt. 8. Box 85th QU Depot Supply Co., 5th Army (WWII-Ft. Custer, (313) 675-1050 594, Binghampton, NY 13904 (607) 723-9120 England, N. Africa, Italy) (Apr-Kokomo, IN) Thomas ••A,B,C,D" Btrys., 707th AAA HQ (June-Fort Dix. NJ) USS Attu CVE 102 (Sept-San Francisco) Wilbur Cheney, IN Hinesville, Ave., Stewart, 134 W Howard, Galveston, 46932 (219) Ryle Tatum, 415 Woodland Ave , GA 31313 608 W" J9, Lancaster CA 93534 (805) 942-3525 699-6286 (912) 876-2311 USS Benner DD 807 (July-Bethleham, PA) Charles Albert. Kovalick, "A" Co., Bn., Arm'd Div. (May-Moscow. 8th 264-3473 91st Cav. Ren. Sq. (Sept-Las Vegas. NV) John 20th Tank 20th 1222 St , Catasauqua, PA 18032 (215) ID) Tietz, ID 6137 Connecticut St , Merrillville, IN 46410 (219) Arthur Star Rt , Harvard. 83834 (208) USS Bridge (June-Shendan, OR) Robert Malo. Rt. 1, 980-3309 875-1060 Box 24. Sheridan, OR 97378 (503) 843-2820 92nd Machine Records Unit (WWII-Ft. Knox) "A" Co., 136th Inf., 33rd Div. (May-Fort Wayne. IN) Lyie USS California Assn. BB 44 (Sept-Seaside, OR) Harold 7th (June-Louisville. KY) Lowell Holmes, 3500 S. To- Powers, 202 S. St , Brighton, Ml 48116 (313) Bean, 616 W Lafayette, Staunton, IL 62088 (618) mahawk Rd. #223, Apache Junction. AZ 85220 (602) 229-2149 635-5638 983-0152 "A" Co., 148th Inf., 37th Div. (August) Robert Greek, USS Chikaskia AO 54 (May-No Falmouth, MA) Lee 95lh Inf. Div. Assn. (Aug-Harrisburg. PA) Charles Box 107, Montpeher, OH 43543 (419) 485-4751 Jacobs, 501 Linden Ave., Frederick. MD 21701 (301) Goodell. 401 Scott St.. Elmhurst, IL 60126 (312) 834- A,B,C,D,E,F" Cos., 532nd Amph. Regt. EBSR (June- 663-3688 8355 Coffs Harbour, Australia) Ray Swingley, 2736 USS Concord CL 10 (Sept-New Orleans) George Wolfe. Ave. Louisiana . Minneapolis. 55427 99th Inf. Bn. (sep) (Aug-Denver) John Christopherson, No MN (612) 1012 Michigan Ave , Kenner, LA 70062 (504) 469- 1391 S. Vrain Way, Denver, CO 80219 (303) 935-9257 544-1444 0580 99th Signal Bn. (June-Grand Island, NE) Keith Moeller, C " Btry., 513th CA. AAA (El Paso, Leyte, Manila) USS Cushings DD 376/797/985 (Sept-Reno, NV) D A Box 175, Loup City, NE 68853 (308) 745-0182 (July-Bell, CA) John Hirsch, 904A S Edith, Alhambra, Henning, Box 73, Wellington, NV 89444 (702) 465- 103rd Inf. Regt., 43rd Div. WWII (May-Portland. ME) CA 91803 (818) 289-6041 2213 John McGovern, 5 Delaware Ave., So. Portland, ME C" Co., 108th Regt. WWII (July-Syracuse, NY) A J USS Frament DE 677/APO 77 (July-Elkton, VA) Milton
04106 (207) 774-0463 Sforzo, Rt 1, Box 170A, Vernon, NY 13476 (315) Harris, 4431 N 67th St , Milwaukee, Wl 53218 (414) 103rd Med. Bn. & Regt. Assn., 28th Inf. Div. 829-3611 466-2674 (Sept-Wellsboro. PA) Penrose Milham, 1725 Wilson "C" Co., 711th Tank Bn, (Aug-Omaha, NE) Marvin Pil- USS Franklin CV 13 WWII (June-Norfolk, VA) Reon
fold, Garfield St , Weeping Water, 68463 Hillegass, Military Ave , Lancaster. PA 17603 (717) 393-3318 200 S NE 1728 S. Hwy.. Chesapeake, VA 135th Ordnance MM Co. (Mar-Montvale, NJ) Frank (402) 267-6115 23320 (804) 420-6221 Co., 116fh Regt., 29th Inf. Div. (May-Salem, VA) Lanzante, 76 Clinton Park Dr , Bergenfield, NJ 07621 D" USS Harris APA 2 (Sept-Charleston, SC) Robert Grif- 27701 Murrieta, Sp, 127, Sun City, fith. 7 Golf Dr 546- (201) 385-0534 George Kobe, CA . Georgetown, SC 29440 (803) 147th F.A. Regt. WWII (Oct-Fort Ord, CA) Joe Kelly, 715 92381 (714) 679-7982 6495 N. Washington St.. Aberdeen. SO 57401 (605) 225- "D" Co., 701st MP Bn. WWII (Oct-Waverly. lA) Herbert USS L.C.S.L. 102 (Oct-Waukegan, IL) Henry Jeffers, 0404 Albrecht, Rt 2, Fairbank, lA 50629 (319) 635-2624 650 Whitney, 201 Gurnee, IL 60031 (312) 367-0560 160th F.A. Bn., 45th Inf. Div. WWII (Aug-Oklahoma "HQ" Co., 3rd Bn., 147th Inf. (Oct-West Alexandria, USS Little DD 803/79/APD 4 (May-Boston) Franklyn
City) John Embry, 216 NW 33rd St.. Oklahoma City, OH) James Qumn, 39 E 2nd St , West Alexandria, OH Whall, 53 S. Fairview St., Roslindale, MA 02131 (617) OK 73118 (405) 524-2844 45381 (513) 839-4248 325-6654 173rd Airborne Brigade (sep) (May-Washington) Col "G" Co., 119th Inf., 30th Inf. Div. (Sept-Amana. lA) USS LST 573 (July-Dwight, IL) V P Moyemont, 405 S. K V. Smith, 6400 Whippany Way, Burke. VA 22015 Richard Earll, Box 288, Union City, PA 16438 (814) Washington, Dwight, IL 60420 (815) 584-2464 (703) 455-0886 438-3940 USS LST 907 (Aug-Cincinnati) Phillip Allien, 386 176th, 228th F.A. Regts. WWII (May-Baltimore) R J "HQ" Co., 534th E.B. & S.R. (Sept-Lima, OH) Robert Wyoming Ave., Fairfield, OH 45014 (513) 868-9823
Sommerwerck, 1500 Dundee Ct., Bel Air. MD 21014 Powell, 700 N Mam St , Box 1317, Lima. OH 45802 USS LST 1029 (July-Dayton. OH) James Grammer. Box (301) 879-1202 (419) 228-3552 36, Alto, TX 75925 (409) 858-4929 210th Gen. Hospital (July-Carlisle. PA) Lowell Dean, "HQ" Btry., 975th F.A. Bn. (July-Winthrop, MN) Les USS Monterey CVL 26 Assn. (May-Nashville. TN) 185 Central Ave, Westerville, OH 43081 (614) 882- Weber, Box 495, Winthrop, MN 55396 (507) 647-5756 Stuart Strauss, 12645 English Orchard Ct., Wheaton, 3307 HQ, HQ" Co., 102nd Inf. Regt., 43rd Inf. Div. (1950-53) MD 20902 (301) 933-1845 212th Signal Depot (Sept-Holland, Ml) Simon (May-Chicago) Leonard Anderson, 921 Oakton, Park USS Nashville CL 43 (Oct-Orlando. FL) A,B. Speed. Sybesma, 980 S Shore Dr., Holland, Ml 49423 (616) Ridge, IL 60068 (312) 825-0365 13229 Des Moines Way, So,, Seattle, WA 98168 (206) 335-5637 Army Aviation Assn. of America (Mar-St Louis) Lynn 762-0209
307th Inf. Vets Society, 77th Div. (Oct-King of Prussia. Coakley. 1 Crestwood Rd., Westport, CT 06880 (203) USS New York BB 34 (1916-46) (Oct-Nashville, TN)
PA) Jerry Hanifin, 31 Moore St . New Hyde Park. NY 226-8184 Glenn Wilkins, 706 Westchester Dr., Madison, TN 11040 (516) 742-0892 First Port of Embarkation (June-Chicago) Alden Harri- 37115 (615) 865-2266 316th Sta. Hospital (July-Calamus. lA) Walt Olson Jr son. 1810 Meadowlane Ave., Ames. lA 50010 (515) USS PC 564 (Oct-Pensacola, FL) Wesley Johnson, 6484 253-4801 Rt 1, Calamus, lA 52729 232-3972 N Park Ave . Indianapolis, IN 46220 (317) 508th Parachute Inf. Regt. WWII (Aug-Los Angeles) MP, 1320th S.U. (Ft. Belvoir-WWII) (July-Springfield. USS Peiffer DE 588 (July-Greensboro, NC) Ray Coble Rt. Jim Allardyce, 335 Ardussi St., Frankenmuth, Ml PA) Edward Carroll, 3, 58A, Sewell, NJ 08080 Jr , 4210 Farlin Dr., Greensboro, NC 27407 (919) 48734 (517) 652-6284 (609) 582-8117 299-4344 531st AAA AW Bn. (Aug-Kansas City, MO) Ed Herman. Old Horse Soldiers (Oct-Fort Riley, KS) Lowell Drum- USS Pennsylvania (July-Memphis. TN) E L Cooper, 602 4th St. NE, Montgomery, MN 56069 (612) 364- mond, 5704 45th Ave. So.. Minneapolis, MN 55417 10905 Old Harbor Rd., Ft. Smith, AR 72903 (501) 7405 (612) 727-2640 452-6958
42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE USS Price DE 332 (June-Catskill Mts., NY) Joseph Macaluso, 228 Wheeler St., Cliffside Park, NJ 07010 Air Force Comrades In Distress (201) 943-5309 USS Rainier AE 5 (Sept-Springfield, MO) Leon Barefield, 2537 Howard, Springfield, MO 65803 (417) 9th Serv. Sq., 321st Serv. Grp. (June-Memphis, TN) Readers who can help these veterans are urged to
862-3184 W.B. Cox, Rt. 1, Box 560C, Helena, AR 72342 (501) do so. Usually an eyewitness statement is needed in USS Rowan DD 405 (Sept-Willlamsburg, VA) Julian 338-3346 support of a VA claim. Burgess, 1847 Dominion Ave., Norfolk, VA 23518 20th Ftr. Grp. Assn. WWII (June-Colorado Springs, CO) Notices are run only at the request of American (804) 587-9213 John Mayer, 5515 Kerth Rd., St. Louis, MO 63128 Legion Service Officers representing claimants, using USS San Juan CL 54 (Sept-Baltimore) William Car- (314) 487-5027 Search for Witness Forms available only from State penter, 1119 Aquia Dr., Stafford, VA 22554 (703) 36th Depot Rep. Sq. (GA, England, Africa, Italy) Legion Service Officers. Please contact CID (number). 659-4774 (July-Nashville, TN) Erwin Voss, Rt. 1, Box 343, Kan- The American Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, 700 N. USS Seminole AKA 104 (Apr-Dearborne, Ml) Joe Sun- kakee, IL 60901 (815) 932-3570 Pennsylvania St., Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 dell, 2438 LInwood, Royal Oak, Ml 48073 (313) 544- 49th Ftr. Sq. WWII (July-Great Falls, MT) Sheril Huff, 41st Bomb Group, Crew B-25, Pacific Ocean Area. 2946 3200 Chetwood Dr.. Del City, OK 73115 (405) 677- William R. Smith is seeking witnesses to verify a USS Thomas J. Gary DE/DER 326 (Aug-Orlando, FL) 2683 claim that while stationed at Muroc Air Base in De- Harry Killen Jr., Rt. 7, Box 99, Washington, PA 15301 64th Troop Carrier Sq., 403rd T.C. Grp., 13th A.F. WWII cember 1944, he injured his back when his foot (412) 228-0211 (Oct-Orlando, FL) George Knight Sr., Box 1256, slipped while loading practice bombs on B-25. Con- USS Ticonderoga CV/CVA/CVS 14/ CG 47 Wildwood, FL 32785 (904) 748-4501 tact CID 976 (May-Annapolis, MD) John Austin, 2087 Major Rd., 75th Air Depot Wing (Aug-Dayton, OH) Kenneth Brun- 3rd Cavalry. George A. Ward needs witnesses to verify Mommouth Junction, NJ 08852 (201) 329-2753 meier. Box 181, Onida, SD 57564 (605) 258-2325 a claim that he was in good health when he entered USS Trenton CL 11 (May-Gatlinburg, TN) T O. 82nd Ftr. Grp. WWII (Sept-San Antonio, TX) Tom Kelly, service. Contact CID 977 Thompson, Rt. 1, Box 53, Louisville, TN 37777 (615) 132 Sharon Dr., San Antonio. TX 78216 (512) 826- Naval Support Activity. Gerald Decot is seeking wit- 984-8338 3146 nesses to verify a claim that while stationed at Hatch USS Tulagi CVE 72 (July) David Davis, 714 Harrison 89th, 305th Rep. Sqdns., 8th A.F. (Watton, England) Team 21, Da Nang, Vietnam in 1966-67, he suffered BIdg., Indianapolis, IN 46204 (317) 639-2588 (July-Salt Lake City) Howard MacDonald, 967 Delene injury to his hand and right knee when pallets fell on Rd., Jenkintown, PA 19046 (215) 887-7306 separate occasions. Contact CID 978 315th Ftr. Sq., 324th Ftr. Grp. (June-Cleveland) Eugene 364th Inf. Div. John P. Ward needs witnesses to verify a Orlandi, 311 3rd St., East Northport, NY 11731 (516) claim that while stationed at Ft. Dix, NJ in 1953-54, Marines 368-9193 he suffered problems with his right leg and feet forc- 388th Bomb Grp. Assn. (July-Seattle) Edward ing him to refrain-from marches and prolonged 1st Marine Parachute Regt. WWII (June-Buffalo, NY) Huntzinger, 1925 SE 37th St., Cape Coral, FL 33904 standing. Contact CID 979 Chuck McKenna, Box 153, Buffalo, NY 14226 (716) (813) 542-4807 "C" Co., 13th Supply & Service Bn. Eugene Carl 839-9834 416th Bomb Grp. WWII (May-England, France) UCol. Wentling needs witnesses to verify a claim that while Marine Helicopter Sq. One HMX-1 (June-Quantico, VA) Dolphus Whitten, Box 792 Arkadelphia, AR 71923 stationed at Uijongbu, Korea in summer of 1969, he Dan Hall Jr., 3914 Oklahoma Ave., Tampa, FL 33616 (501) 246-2223 was hospitalized for a nervous breakdown. Contact (813) 839-0537 454th Bomb Sq., 323rd Bomb Grp. (B-26 Marauders- CID 980 WWII) 9th A.F. (May-San Antonio, TX) Joe Havrilla, "I" Co., 47th Inf. Regt. Hans J. Pohl is seeking wit- 1208 Margaret St., Munhall, PA 15120 (412) 461-6373 nesses to verify a claim that while stationed at Ft. 505th, 6th Bomb Grps., 313th Wing (24th, 39th, 40th Army Air Forces Carson, CO in August 1957, he injured his back dur- Sqdns.) (Aug-Colorado Springs, CO) Newell Penni- ing basic combat training. Contact CID 981 man Jr., 6 Porter Ln., S. Hamilton, MA 01982 (617) Ft. Jackson, SC. Elmer Rigby is seeking witnesses to 3rd SAD Assn., 8th A.F. (WWII-Watton, England) 468-2806 verify a claim that while stationed at Ft. Jackson, SC (July-Salt Lake City) W.S. Noble, 7266 Goodwood, 530th Ftr. Sq., 311th Bomb Grp. CBI (Sept-Howey- in- in August 1957, he suffered a sun stroke during Baton Rouge, LA 70806 (504) 925-8454 the-Hills, FL) Buddy Adams, 1516 Shirley St., Co- forced field march and was hospitalized. Contact 11th, 482nd Serv. Sqdns., HQ Sq., 8th Serv. Grp. WWII lumbia, SC 29205 (803) 782-2045 CID 982 (May-Lancaster, PA) John Heckler, 76 E. Harbor Dr., 562nd Signal Aircraft Warning (Sept-Mt Vernon, IL) Teaticket, MA 02536 (617) 540-1303 Charles Steele, 1512 Fir, Rogers, AR 72756 (501) 13 Airdrome Sq. (May-Orlando, FL) Henry Goodman, 636-7951 Life Memberships 140 Lake Meryl Dr., Apt. 238, West Palm Beach, FL 913th Sig. Co. AVN, 8th A.F. (Watton, England) (July- 3341 1 (305) 684-6959 Salt Lake City) W D. Shields, 2308 E. Monte Rosa, The award of a life membership to a Legionnaire by 27th Ftr. Sq., 1st Ftr. Grp. (May-Dayton, OH) Cliff Phoenix, AZ 85016 (602) 954-0982 a Post is a testimonial by those who know best that Laechelin, 4914 Pepperwood Dr., Dayton, OH 45424 "D" Co., 561st S.A.W. Bn., 12th A.F. (Sept-Chicago) such a member has served The American Legion well. 62nd Troop Carrier Grp., HQ, 4th, 7th, 8th, 51st Sqdns. Frank Kahoutek, 3044 S. Komensky Ave., Chicago, IL Below are listed some of the previously unlisted life (Sept-Cincinnati) Virgil Preston, 1507 Aster PI., Cin- 60623 (312) 762-0649 membership Post awards that have been reported to cinnati, OH 45224 (513) 681-1885 the editors. 69th Ftr. Sq., 58th Ftr. Grp. (Oct-Valdosta, GA) Bob Humphries, 5712 Rockhill Rd., Fori Worth, TX 76112 H. Bert Bertrand (1984), Post 394, Riverside, CA Coast Guard A. Milton, (817) 451-8729 Walker Simmons (1984), Post 78, FL 73rd Bomb Wing Assn. WWII (May-Tucson, AZ) Glenn A. Frank Krauch, Albert Hedke (1981). William R. Scott Jr. Haley, Serio Post McClure, 105 Circle Dr., Universal City, TX 78148 USCG C. Cobb W 181 (Sept-Richmond, MO) Wayne (1982), Roger W. John (1984), 90, Coral, (512) 658-3215 Evans, 23 Conway Dr., Middletown, PA 17057 (717) Cape FL 82nd T.C. Sq., 436th T.C. Grp. (May-Chicago) Robert 939-6009 Walter Terry (1984), Post 43, Naperville, IL Ourant, 4295 Stratton Rd., Columbus, OH 43220 USS Savage DE 386 (Aug-Orlando, FL) Joseph Fras- Lester J. Cunningham (1984), Post 332, Rockton, IL (614) 451-5717 cino, 86 Lexington Ave., Mt. Kisco, NY 10549 (914) Don Monico, Richard Kowalewski (1984), Post 493, 95th Bomb Group (H) (July-Seattle) L/Col. M.J. Steele, 666-5305 Chicago, IL R. Chariton, lA 8754 Dallas St., LaMesa, CA 92041 (619) 469-4446 WWII SPARS (Oct-Protland, OR) Hoppi Bryan, 6436 SE Rex Benway (1984), Post 102, 382nd Bomb Grp., 536th, 537th, 538th, 539th Sqdns. 21st Ave., Portland, OR 97202 (503) 235-8208 William I. Henley (1984), Post 240, Richland, MO (Pocatello, ID; Muroc, CA) (May-Hot Springs, AR) John O'Connor (1984), Post 471, Iselin, NJ Lawrence Abbamonte, 22 Canterbury Rd., Yonkers, R. Burden Bailey, Carmelo J. Basta, Waters W. Braman, Clarence Debnam, Earl NY 10704 (914) 237-0063 Miscellaneous Daniel Brown, 401st Ftr. Sq., 370th Ftr. Grp., 421st AAF Base Unit McQuain, George S. Reese, Harold J. Swinton, Robert (July-LaGrange, KY) Tom Madden, 558 Bass Cir., S. Vines, James T. Walsh, Henry S. West (1984), Post Iceland Vets (June-Monticello, NY) Dave Zinkoff, 2101 LaGrange, KY 40031 (502) 222-1738 553, So. Glens Falls, NY Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19103 (215) 569-3831 474th Ftr. Group WWII (May-Las Vegas, NV) Robert Clair L. Roadifer (1984), Post 164, Speartish, SD North Dakota Iwo Jima Vets Assn. (Feb-Mandan, ND) Hanson, 7515 Wayzata Blvd., Ste. 226, Minneapolis, Charles Wemkauf, Glenn Rintelman (1981), Amos Leo Gray, Rt. 1, Box 11 OA, Hankinson, ND 58041 MN 55426 (612) 544-4122 Christianson (1982), Robert Berg (1984), Post 375, (701) 242-8284 487th Bomb Grp. (H), 8th A.F. WWII (July-Seattle) Nor- Mukwonago, Wl Philippine Vets WWII (Aug-Cebu, P.I.) George Stewart, bert Riegel, 409 N. 3rd St., Lompoc, CA 93436 (805) Box 495, Tonganoxie, KS 66086 845-2582 736-3690 (913) 783rd Bomb Sq., 465th Bomb Grp. (H) (Aug-Oayton, Taps OH) Donald Kay, 2000 Scott Ln., Los Altos, CA 94022 (415) 969-2827 NOTICE The Taps Notice mentions, whenerer possible, those 815th Engr. AVN Bn. WWII (Sept-Peoria, IL) Earl Tis- Legionnaires who have held high National or Depart- ment Office in the Legion or the US government, or chler, 433 S. Genoa, Genoa, IL 60135 (815) 784-5722 Due to stringent limitations on the Bradley Field (Windsor Locks, CT) (Apr-Hartford, CT) who have attained other forms of national prominence. amount of editorial space available in H. Snyder, 1463 Boulevard, W. Hartford, CT 06119 Thomas L. Jennings, National Sgt-at-Arms (1950-51). the Magazine, we've been forced to (203) 561-3096 Roy Hall, TN Alternate National Executive Commit- Mannia-Chowhound Bomb. Cmd. Assn. (8th AF, cancel our previously scheduled teeman (1946-47), Department Commander (1942-43), RAF-Holland) (May-Holland) Eric Grove. 188 Buck- "Let's Get Together" column. Department Vice Commander (1939-40, 42-43). ingham Dr., Hamilton, Ontario L9C 2G7 Canada (416) Vernie G. Tosh, TN Department Commander (1977- 389-4272 78), Department Vice Commander (1974-75).
FEBRUARY 1985 43 TO USE Be a Better EWS Gardener
No Major Economic Changes in flio Montiis Aiiead is how the experts size up the start of 1985. They figure inflation will be quite low through the year — around 4 percent. Wages will rise from 5 percent to 6.5 percent. Interest rates could come down, though not dramatically. On the other hand, there may be some increase in unemployment.
[m for Post-Holiday Bargains as retailers try to clear their shelves of excess merchandise. It's an annual phenomenon, currently accen- tuated by relatively high interest rates — retailers try to borrow as little as pos- sible to pay for inventory. So next month you'll find markdowns in many of these: appliances, jewelry, dishes, furniture, house furnishings, rugs, bedding and blankets, furs, bicycles, linens and some clothing. RECYCLE all your Brush, Weeds, Leaves, Old Crops, Cut Grass, Dead Flowers, etc. A Flood of New TV Stations IS coming during the next four or into: five years. But they won't be the fancy, high-powered jobs that now populate the airwaves. They'll be low-powered — 1,000 watts — UHF ventures with a • RICH COMPOST maximum range of oO miles, catering mainly to local events and tastes, sup- • SPREADABLE NULCH ported by low-cost, regional advertising. The Federal Communications Com- • DECORATIVE WOOD CHIPS mission is expected to authorize at least 2,000 — the idea being to serve smaller communities and minority groups — but so great is the lure of TV profits that The rugged KEMP Shredder/Chip- some 25,000 license applications have already been filed. per devours almost anything organic. .reducing it into mil- lions of tiny pieces in seconds Frauduiont have become so prevalent that (including branches up to Medical Products the Administration is asking the to the public to 3" thick!). Food and Drug media warn and Enjoy super-rich soil. ..a monitor suspicious ads. The problem is that the "remedies" not only are worth- mulched garden that is virtually less but also may trigger adverse side effects. For exarriple: Chinese "herbal weed-free and beautifully land- pills" that are supposed to pep people up, but actually could harm (and possibly scaped grounds. Do it all, quickly kill) those who suffer from high blood pressure and arthritis. and easily, with a KEMP.
Ante Insnrance Is Spreading, threatening an • Built to last a "Unisex" lifetime upheaval in rates. Pushed by pressure groups, "unisex" insurance eliminates rate differences between men — who pay dearly in their younger years — and • Many sizes to choose from women — who are charged less. Half a dozen states now have "unisex" laws. Likely upshot: Young women will be charged more, while young men will get • Money-back reductions though many young men could wind up in "assigned-risk pools." guarantee —
HmOs Wili Acceiit More on Medicare in the next few months because tests have shown that it's feasible to admit the elderly. So far the health maintenance organizations, which stress preventive medical care, will offer 65-and-up The Standard of the Serious Gardener Since 1890 have concentrated on the younger set. But now many patients complete medical treatment at a cost that's calculated to be less than OFF-SEASON BONUS the cost of Medicare plus private supplementary "medigap" insurance. 30-DAY FREE TRIAL
KEMP COMPAIYV, DepL 35025 Special Aids for the impaired make daily life less painful and 160 Koser Rd., Lititz (Lancaster Co.). PA 17543 cumbersome. Examples include two-handled kitchen utensils, tools to help you Yes — send me full information on the lift or grip with minimum pressure, elastic shoe lapes you may leave in place. Kemp Shredder/Chippers. The whole gamut of such devices, with sources and prices, has been assembled riAME by the Arthritis Foundation into a Self-Help Manual available for $3 from the ADDRESS Foundation at 3400 Peachtree Road, NE, Atlanta, GA 30326. CITY By Edgar A. Grunwald
STATE ZIP THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —
^^Vitamin Side Effects Revealed" An Interview with Frank K. Wood, President, F C & A
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MEXICO 100th Anmversary . ^ ri^J Honor of the Continued from page 18 ue of t-ibeity m \ \W of the Stat
Gen. Ramon Mota Sanchez, in a ges- ture of near surrender, urged citizens Statue of Liberty to "provide for their own self-de- fense." He also conceded that "the police cannot be an island of purity in Diamond Belt Buckle the middle of a society such as ours." The Mexican Bar Association re- sponded with a call for Gen. Mota's * Electroplated resignation, complaining that he had with Silver allowed a "permanent sensation of un- rest" to take hold of the city. * Layered with Travel in some rural areas has met 24k Gold with incidents of violence, including murder, rape and robbery. The U.S. * Set with a Embassy has expressed concern to Genuine Mexican authorities over more than Diamond three dozen such attacks on American tourists along four separate stretches * Limited of highway in the past three and a half Edition years. The government, anxious to protect Mexico's $1.5 billion-a-year
The Statue of Liberty is one of the close-up of her face and crown. Pure 24 world's most famous monuments, karat gold gives the buckle a hchly-hued not just because of the way she glow and the precious silver adds a soft stands out dramatically in New lustre. Fireworks go out in seconds but this York Harbor, but because of what diamond belt buckle will sparkle forever. 0< la Madrid she stands for: liberty, freedom Unique Number and opportunity. has yet to dispel the Assures Individuality
Now is your chance to honor these ideals If you want to be the proud owner of this climate of public and to show others you stand by them. To outstanding buckle, you must order soon. To pay tribute to the 100th anniversary of keep this edition limited, the dies will be cynicism and distrust America's foremost symbol of freedom, master destroyed at the end of the Centennial Cele- craftsmen have created a unique commem- bration. This may be your only chance to built up over the orative Statue of Liberty belt buckle. And for order this remarkable tnbute to the foundation a limited time, you can get this original 24 of freedom on which America stands. decades. karat gold-decorated design, electroplated Your Liberty buckle will arrive in a special with sterling silver, at the suprisingly low Collector's Presentation Case with its Certifi- price of only $19.95. cate of Authenticity. And because of the The Sheen of Precious Metals uniqueness and importance of this item, each tourist industry, has beefed up high-
A fully 17-faceted, .25 point diamond set in buckle will be individually numbered, and the way patrols. the center of the flame of the Torch of Liberty number recorded in the Archives of the Although President de la Madrid's provides the buckle with gleam and fire. Two Sterling Treasury. The faster you order, the campaign of moral renovation assigned views of the statue flank the torch: in one greater your chance to receive a low serial high priority to jacking up Mexico's she stands tall and proud, and the other is a number coveted by collectors. police force — 13,000 officers have been replaced since 1983 — the pubhc's T Sterling House, Dept. LBB-8966 perception of the pohce as graft-and Sterling BIdg., Garnerville. IVY 10923-0559 corruption-ridden remains. YOU HAVE OUR De la Madrid has yet to dispel the cli- Please send me the Genuine Diamond Statue of Liberty Belt Buckle(s) indicated below on your money-back guarantee mate of public cynicism and distrust built of satisfaction (postage and handling, excluded). 30 up over decades of plunder at all levels of One, only $19.95 plus $1.75 postage and handling. the bureaucracy. Inevitably, there have Two, just $35.00 postpaid. DAY been protest demonstrations. SAVE $15.00 Three, just $50.00 postpaid. MONEY BACK SAVE $33.50 Five, just $75.00 postpaid. On occasion, agitators have ap- peared in Mexico City's festering GUARANTEE OF Enclosed is $ NY residents add sales tax. CHARGE IT! VISA f^asterCard American Express slums, seeking to organize residents to SATISFACTION demand control of their neighbor- Card No. Exp. Date, hoods. One Sunday afternoon recently, SO Name an expensively attired lawyer-activist ^ Marxist-backed United Social- Address. for the ist Party of Mexico (PSUM), appeared City State Zip. sub- ©1984 STERLING TREASURY in Naucalpan, one of the capital's
Sterling Treasury is not affiliated wlthi ttie U.S. Treasury or any other urban shantytowns, urging families to government bureau. Member DMA, ML/USA defy the government and set up their All orders processed promptly. Delays notified immediately. Delivery guaranteed witfiin 60 days. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE /
own market stalls near the community Legionnaires Save An Extra 10% On Alaska. church. "We are struggling against the corrupt government, which has all the power and gives us none," he told a crowd of listeners. New! Cunards Unique Thus far, there have been few inci- dents of violence. But Naucalpan's Roman Cathohc priest, Hosea Teodoro 7 IQAnd 11 Da^^Cruises Quilar, in an interview with two American reporters, warned that "the anger is growing more acute with ALLTteWTo time. The day people have nothing to put in their stomachs, that will be the day of uprising." Anchorage-And Beyond. Whether that day comes or not will depend in large measure on whether De la Madrid can revive Mexico's aihng discount. Money-saving air/sea pack- economy and alleviate the worst of his Follow the "Route of the Glaciers," cruise tours are country's social and political problems. Cunard's new Alaska cruise program, ages for cruises and Time may be running short. In the and you'll see more Alaska than with also available from 79 cities. first two years of the six-year term to any other cruise line. For reservations or information which Mexico's presidents are con- For instance, seven-day cruises call Les Kertes toll-free at 800-645-2120. stitutionally limited, De la Madrid has aboard the Cunard Princess, a mod- New York residents call collect at managed through and acumen ern floating resort, show you Vancou- 718-895-7062. Or mail in the coupon. example — and generous help from the ver, Alert Bay, Ketchikan (Cunard United States and other friends — to Princess only), Tracy Arm, Juneau, bay some breathing time. But lasting 10 Convenient Sailings Skagway Yakutat Bay and Hubbard solutions remain elusive and agoniz- Sagafjord Cunard Princess ingly difficult to achieve. Glacier, Prince William Sound, 10 days 7 days economic front, De La Ma- Columbia Glacier, College Fjord, On the July 25, Aug. 15 May 25, June 22, inflation drid appears to be bringing Whittier and Anchorage. 11 days July 6, Aug. 3 under control. It's been cut in half in Ten and eleven-day cruises May 12, June 2, Sept. 7 two years and is expected to go below aboard the Five-Plus Star Sagafjord Aug. 25 this year. But the president 50 percent show you such additional ports and is under heavy pressure from the left sights as Endicott Arm, Sitka, Valdez, All rates are per person, double occupancy and wing of the ruling Institutional Revo- cruising past Kings Bay and Nellie depend on departure date and city. Taxes not lutionary Party (PRI) to ease up on included. Ships' registry: Bahamas. Seward, Kenai Fjord National austerity and pump new money into Juan, the economy. To date, the powerful Park, Homer, Katchemak Bay and Mexican Labor Confederation (CTM) Cook Inlet. ^unard/NAC, under its pragmatic, 89-year-old boss, Mr. Les Kertes, Hartford Holidays Many ways to save. Fidel Velazquez, has gone along udth EO. Box 462 Rates for seven-day cruises on De la Madrid's freeze on wages, fol- 277 Northern Blvd., lowing a 20-percent hike two years Cunard Princess begin at $1,225. Great Neck, NY 11022 at for ten- ago. But there have been sporadic Sagafjord rates begin $1,950 Please send me details on the special wildcat strikes for emergency wage day cruises, $2,160 for eleven-day 10% discount for Legionnaires on increases, and threatened job actions cruises. In addition you and your Alaska cruises. at nearly 1,000 plants and factories family may deduct a 10% member's that endanger both the CTM's central- NAME ized leadership and the government's hold-the-line recovery program. Under that program, the GNP has rebounded from minus 5 in 1983 to plus 2 percent last year, and the Treasury's once barren cupboard now has hard-currency reserves of over $8 billion. Despite the rescheduling of Mexico's pubhc foreign debt, however, about $12 billion in interest payments on the rescheduled private debt were due December 1984. And the overall debit remains on the books. Ultimately, De la Madrid and his successors may feel obliged to tacitly & Cunard 1985 allow the private sector to regain a more equitable share of the economy, now nearly 80 percent nationalized and stagnating under state control. With upward of one million additional young CUNARD Continued on page ^.8
FEBRUARY 1985 47 MEXICO Don't Continued from page 47 Buy a
people entering the labor force each Big year, and with nearly half of the na- tion's population under 18 years of Tiller age, Mexico will need all the help it can get to expand and diversify its "petrohzed" economy in coming years. According to Peter H. Smith, pro- fessor of history and political science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an expert on Latin American affairs, about one-quarter to one-third of the Mexican population is "underfed, underschooled, under- clothed and so marginal to the political process that it represents, in the words of one Mexican sociologist, an " 'internal colony.' That internal colony is now in the process of breaking out. In recent years, a radical, more independent political movement has emerged, led by the pro-Marxist United Mexican Socialist Party (PSUM). It got 10 per- cent of the votes in the 1982 national elections and now holds several seats Don't let its small size fool you! in the 400-member Chamber of Dep- uties. With help from Mexico's rela- Warranty on the tines (if they ever break, tively small but well-established we'll replace them). A Lifetime Replace- Communist party, PSUM is aiming at ment agreement on the engine. And, best an alliance of leftist forces that would, of all, a 3-Week In-Your-Garden Trial (if in the words of PSUM's leader, Pablo Buy you don't like it we'll take it back and give a Mantis! Valdes, an anti- you a full refund!). Gomez "pursue imperialistic line against the govern- If your garden is an acre or more you may want to buy a big tiller. If it's any ment's policies." less you should buy a Mantis-20 (and The radical alliance can count on the Mantis has hire somebody to plow or till your changed my system active support of Castro's Cuba and of gardening. I couldn't till garden once a year). with the Soviet Union, each of which main- my big tiller until the end of Big tillers weigh almost 300 lbs. The tains large embassies in Mexico City, May. Now I use the Mantis and Mantis weighs just 20 lbs. (women and get perfect seed rows as early in staffed by about 120 specialists on older gardeners love it)! the season as I want. Latin America. Besides following Mex- Simply turning a 300 lb. tiller in a ican domestic developments closely, backyard garden without running over R.C. Palmer the Communist embassies serve as crops (or yourself) is a challenge. Mantis, Danvers, Illinois on the other hand, starts with a flick of support centers for Marxist guerrilla the wrist. ..turns on a dime. ..and weeds leaders in Central America and dis- in and around plants, between narrow pense propaganda to the media and rows and along fence lines. scholarships to promising Mexican Most big tillers were designed to just students (See "Juan Goes To till (although many now offer clumsy School," page 17). "add-on" attachments to try to justify Checkmating the far left, however, their high cost). The Mantis-20 was is a resurgent conservative movement designed from the beginning to pre- cisely match a small, powerful engine led by the National Action Party to a variety of useful attachments for (PAN). In the background for most of your yard and garden. Tiller. Cultivator. its 45 years of existence, PAN has at- Furrower. Edger. Lawn Aerator. Lawn tracted increasing support from Mantis Manufacturing Co. De-Thatcher. Hedge Trimmer. middle-class Mexicans. Together with 1458 County Line Rd.. Dept. 615 Despite the fact that the Mantis-20 is a Huntingdon Valley. PA 19006 a smaller party farther to the right, tough, durable, precision instrument... 20 percent of the Please send more information on the PAN grabbed some it costs a fraction of what you'll pay for in Mantls-20TillerCultivator. . . andyour vote the 1982 elections. It also won a big tiller. special FREE limited time offer' nine mayoral elections and has gained 3-Week In-Your-GardenTrial! control of four state capitals. Name The emergence of significant politi- Finally, look at the warranty. Most Address cal movements on the left and the machines are partially covered for 90 City right has jolted the Institutional Revo- days to a year. The Mantis has a Lifetime
State -Zip . THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE lutionary Party and its leaders. By all To Honor Two Great Men Whose Lives, signs, PRI, which has kept the Deeds and Deaths Were Amazingly Alil John F. Kennedy . . . the youngest man ever elected President of the United States mand — whose long-standing Panama . . . had his portrait placed on the half dollar Coin as a tribute to his leadership and headquarters are being moved out at for the love of his country for the man. Likewise, to commemorate the 100th Panamanian request — testified before aimiversary of his birth, Abraham Lincoln had his portrait placed on the penny, the a U.S. Senate hearing that Mexico is a 1st cent to bear the words "In God We Ihist". "one-party state that has pursued a The similarity between these two great assassinated leaders is so startling that if pohcy of accommodation with its own these docxmiented facts were not fully corroborated, we would find them almost left and international leftist interests." impossible to believe. He also was quoted as telling the Armed Services Committee that • Lincoln was elected in 1860 • Kennedy was elected in 1960 Mexico has, in his words, "the most BOTH IMEN WERE SLAIN ON A FRIDAY corrupt government and society in • Booth shot Lincoln in a theatre and hid in • Oswald shot Kennedy from a warehouse Central America" and that Mexico a warehouse and hid in a theatre City is "becoming the center for sub- • Lincoln'ssecretary (named Kennedy) • Kennedy's secretary (named Lincoln) warned him not to go to the theatre warned him not to to Dallas version throughout Central America." go BOTH MEN WERE SUCCEEDED BY THEIR Said Gorman, "Unless there is a dra- VICE PRESIDENTS NAMED JOHNSON matic change, 10 years from now • Andrew Johnson — born 1808 • Lyndon Johnson — born 1908 Mexico will be the No. 1 security prob- lem of the United States." Amazing! Yet there are literally a dozen more incredible Both the Pentagon and the State rsierling Treasury, Dept. LKH-8935 "coincidences" that have occurred in the lives of Lincoln and Sterling Building, Garnerville, N.Y 10923-0570 Department promptly disavowed Kennedy over 100 years of time. Yes, please send me (qty) Lincoln-Kennedy To honor these two of our nation's most beloved presidents Half Dollar(s), Double-Dated 1964-1984 and Layered in Gorman's remarks, characterizing 24K Gold as indicated below: and memorialize the remarkably similar events which so One Coin only $5.99 plus $1 .00 postage and handling. them as the general's personal views completely altered the course of history, we are especially Two Coins only $10.99 plus $2.00 postage and and not reflecting U.S. pohcy. proud to offer for the first time ever, the Lincoln-Kennedy Half- handling. While publicly promoting com- Dollar. We have stamped a brand new 1984 Kennedy Fifty- Five Coins only $25.00 plus $3.00 postage and handling. Cent Piece with the profile of President Lincoln on the surface promise in Central America through 10 Coins only $45.00 plus $4.00 postage and looking at President Kennedy It is Double-Dated 1964-1984. the so-called handling. "Contadora" proposals Never released for ordinary use, this coin is perfectly legal 25 Coins only $100.00 Postpaid! (You save $74.75!) tender Each coin is mounted on an attractive Presidential initiated in 1983 by Mexico, Panama, Enclosed is $ . N Y residents add Sales Tax. Plaque, detailing the 22 historical coincidences which marked Venezuela and Colombia, De la Madrid Cliarge It! Visa MasterCard Amex the careers of these two tragic figures. You'll be proud to has shown signs of growing concern Exp. Date ' display this treasured memento in a place of prominence In Card # over Marxist aggression in the region. your home and to pass it on as a legacy to future generations. Name Nicaragua's Sandinistas no longer This coin is not in general circulation and Is available only through this exclusive offering, so we urge you to order today Address automatically receive all the Mexican to avoid disappointment. You will probably want to order City oil they want. Despite angry protests several sets to give to friends and other members of your State -Zip. from Mexican leftists, De la Madrid family My order totals $25 or more. Send me my Free © 1984 Sterling Treasury — not affiliated with U.S. Mint or any government agency Golden Penny! Continued on page 50 FEBRUARY 1985 49 . MEXICO I Earn More Continued from page U9 Per Day Now. . has extended diplomatic recognition to than I used to make El Salvador's anti-communist Duarte government. And in his state-of-the- in a meek. union message last Sept. 1, De la Ma- drid said, "The violence that has over- I Started my own business part-time as a taken the region is a threat to our own Von Schrader Associate ... got step-by-step security." The threat has become more help and success beyond my dreams. apparent with recurring clashes be- How it reaily happened, by Wiiliam Turnbow tween Mexican troops and Marxist guerillas from Guatemala who have "Fresh out of the Marines I bought a farm. Unfortunately, it cleaning, with the only foam machine that cleans and wouldn't support a wife and three growing boys. Next I vacuums carpets in one pass. Upholstery cleaning, that staged raids on Guatemalan refugee managed a food store. But I got tired of having somebody quickly results in bright, sparkling clean upholstery without camps inside Mexico. always telling me to do this and do that. I wanted to be my harmful overwetting. And wall cleaning, almost 5 times faster own boss. than bucket-and-sponge, with little effort, no streaking. The truth is, of course, that, like it "So I answered a Von Schrader message like this one, Our easy-to-follow instructions tell you step-by-step how or not, Mexico and the United States which opened the door to new opportunity for me. It was just to operate your equipment. Absolutely no experience or need each other. The United States is what I was looking for. No big investment. No licensing or special training is necessary Our proven sales and servicing franchise fee. No waiting, no training needed. What really methods are backed by over 50 years of experience. You get Mexico's largest trading partner, and appealed to me is that you pay no dues, fees or all the know-how you need to become a home furnishings ranks third largest in royalties— every single penny you earn is yours to keep! maintenance expert. Mexico U.S. "I started out part-time. Jobs started to snowball and Send coupon today for FREE booklet trade. Under President De la Madrid's pretty soon I had much business as I could handle. Before Send in the all as coupon below, NOW. Get the facts. No leadership more and more enlightened long I went full time. obligation. No salesman will call. "Now I make more in one day than I used to make in a week. Mexicans are looking to the "Colossus I made $43 per hour on one job recently . . . have made $1 ,600 MAIL TODAY FOR FREE BOOKLET! of the North" for help and support, in a week. Now I have the time and the money to go hunting > VON SCHRADER COMPANY, Dept. 1725 suppressing their natural resentment and fishing all I want. Recently we moved to a new, larger 1 1600 Junction Avenue, Racine, Wisconsin S3403 house." I WITHOUT OBLIGATION send free booklet that tells me fiow I can over America's dozen or more armed How would you like to earn big money starting out spare have a high-income business in my spare time at no risk to my intrusions since Mexico's independence time, like William Turnbow? Be your own boss? Become present |0b No salesman will call (PLEASE PRINT) financially independent? You can start in business for in 1821, including the takeover of I Name_ yourself using home as a base. Everything you need on your Texas and much of the Southwest, a |0b fits easily in your car. Address I As a Von Schrader Associate you can have three which once comprised more than a City State -Zip- j money-making businesses in one, if you want! Carpet I^To expedite call toll-free 1-800-558-2484. Ask lor operator 1725 quarter of Mexico. Across our common, 1,952-mile bor- der, largely unguarded as of now, comes a massive flow of illegal Mexi- Nationally advertised at $5.95 can migrants, desperately searching Now get all 7 different for work and a better life (See "High — Wages Lure Mexicans," page 18). 1982 Cents for only $2!! More than a million were caught and turned back each year from 1981-83. In 1982, for the first time in history, the U.S. Mint What clearly is required is better produced 7 different Lincoln Cents — due to Large understanding — on both sides of the and Small Date varieties, production at 2 different border. The American Legion, at its 1982 D Mints, and a change in metal from copper to zinc. national convention last year, called Large Date Zirx These 7 Lincolns are very difficult to find and assemble for a bipartisan presidential commis- on your own. sion "to study the interrelationship of Nationally advertised at $5.95, you get all 7 different the United States, Mexico and 1982 Cents, in a special holder, for ONLY $2 FROM Canada" (See "Legion Urges LITTLETONl This is a special introductory offer, Stronger U.S.-Mexican Ties," page limit 3 sets per customer. Plus you get the most wonder- 33). It would devise long-range solu- ful price lists of U.S. coins in America, along with other tions to common problems, much in offers on approval. Adults only please. Full 45 day the manner of the so-called Kissinger money-back guarantee of satisfaction. Commission on Central America. The Hurry for this special low price! Legion also urged Washington to Littleton Coin Company "encourage more effective U.S.- Mexican cooperation in promoting Serving collectors nationwide since 1 945 democratic evolution in Central America, excluding imposed totalitar- 1982 P 1982 D Send name, address and $2 for each set to: ian Marxist-Leninist regimes, and Large Date Small Date I Littleton Coin Company, Dept. SL37, Littleton, NH 03561 | preventing Soviet or Cuban military ZirK Zinc activity in the region." number of sets $_ .total enclosed Although the United States and Mexico have had their differences, sometimes in the past at the point of a gun, they have too much to lose not to work together for a safer world — one that is free of ticking time bombs. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE - — icordless electric MYLOW VITAMIN I TOOTHBRUSH I lilar PRICES SPEAK I battery-powered tooth- brushes selling for $20 and I more? This one is yours (FREE with any order! It's sci- entifically designed to clean FOR THEMSELVES! your teeth and massage your Look them over! You'll see why Mall Order makes It easy on you—makes it easy on your gums the way Dentists recom- pocketbook. Just compare my prices with what you pay at the stores. You'll agree I mend. Lightweight, stream there's just no contest. So order today on our money back guarantee of complete lined, perfect for home or I travel. Comes complete with 4 satisfaction brushes, holder and batteries. I VITAMINS BY MAIL FROM LEE NUTRITION ^204"^ ^ SPECIAL OFFER from Bob Lee DOLOMITE LaboratDty 100 Tablets 43* Makes a wonderful gift. Just check the box in the order I TABLETS tested 1,000 for $1.79 400 UNIT COMPARE ANYWHERE form. Return it with your order and add $1.00 to cover shipping of your FREE Cordless Electric Tbothbrush. 100 for 1.59 I VITAMIN ^ This offer expires Feb. 28, 1985. J L-TRYPTOPHAN 500 MG. TABLETS CAPSULES E— 100 MG. TABLETS 30-4.75 60-8.00 LIMIT OFFER 1000 fOF 15.75 19 GR. 1200 MG 100-3.49 500-16.50 ANY SIZE Herbal Neutraminis ONE OF EXPIRES (ANTI-ACID) HI-POTENCY TO A FAMILY MAIL COUPON WITH ORDER Diuretic 2/28/85 TABLETS LECITHIN 100 100 VITAMIN 9 Vital Minerals ^49 -f 25 100 ^ 09 Tablets TABLETS I CAPSULES 1 SPECIAL OFFER from Bob Lee b204 500 for 5.99 500 for 5.49 500 for 4.95 A& D Multi- COMPARE ANYVtrHERE BREWERS VITAMIN HIGH FIBER (5000 A, 400 D) Minerals fll^A BH I Kl YEAST 100 100 for 87* TABLETS A BRAN 100 ^00 OflC /ITAMIN^D Tablets %J Tablets «70 7% GR. 25.000 UNITS TABLETS t with Rose Hips 500 for 3.99 500 MG _ 500 for $1.95 500 tablets $4.50 LIH^IT 250 100 fiQ0 TABLETS / i9 FOR 1 Tablets ONE OF ANY SIZE ExpmEs 1000 for 7.59 TO A FAMILY 1000 for 1.99 500 for 4.75 500 for 2.99 2/28/85 MAIL COUPON WITH ORDER 500 f^G. TABS Chelated BEE POLLEN GARLIC SUPER CHILDREN'S 100 FOR 2.19 ZINC OIL ORGANIC NATURAL 10 MG. 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PANTOTHENIC ACID S $5*' " COMPLEX BIOTIN & FOLIC ACIO 500 4.85 8.99 14.69 37.98 Acidophilus DOLOMITE A BONE MEAL Therapeutic CAPSULES 9.49 17.59 28.49 69.85 The Ideal with IVTinerals 1000 Pure LECITHIN GRANULES 100 combination —same DESICCATED 1 lb 2 lbs. 4 fbs. CAPSULES 100 CQtf COD LIVER Tablets OiJ^ potency and ALFALFA LIVER 500 for 8.75 2.98 5.49 9.99 500 for 2.49 formula as TABLETS TABLETS OIL CAPS Squibb's 7Vi Grain 100 ««« 100 ^otf 100 CAPSULES 88* BONE POTASSIUM L-LYSINE HI-POTENCY Theragran TABLETS OO*^ g^g.^ GLUCONATE TABLETS MEAL 500 mg HERBAL STRESS M® for 3.99 595 MG 500 for 1.55 1000 for 3.50 500 TABLETS LAXATIVE FORMULA 100 qc0 100 -198 TABLETS 9«J 100 B COMPLEX 8, Tr,s298 QCtf Tablets I PRICES IN THIS AD GOOD UNTIL FEBRUARY 28, 1P85 Tr,s49* 500 for $4.29 Tablets OO*^ Vit.C 1.000 for $7.99 300 for 8.48 100 TABS 1.95 1000 for 3.69 500 for 9.49 MASTER CARD and VISA 500 for 3.49 I MAIL YOUR ORDER TO: 250 TABS 3.89 accepted on orders over $10.00. Lee Nutrition Please print card number I HIGH 290 MAIN ST. and expiration date on sepa- POTENCY "Natural 12" a dozen supplements in one tablet rate piece of paper We reserve "S.O.D." CAMBRIDGE, MASS. 02142 ttie rigtit to limit cjuantities. I Super Oxide DIsmutose VITAMIN B6 Brewer's Yeast, Lecithin, Alfalfa, Kelp, 250 for 1.85 Rose Hips, Whey, Papaya, Apple Pectin, 2000 Unit Tablets 500 for 2 98 TOTAL 50 MG. 100 MG. Wheat Germ, Dolomite, Desiccated ., I.OOUnnn torfnr 5.491:^0 QUANTITY SIZE NAME OF PRODUCT PRICE Tablets Tablets Liver, Bone Meal. Tablets 4"' Tablets 6'" 100 for 89« 100 for 1.49 500 for 3.98 250 for 3.65 100 MCG TabletsIZS" Tablets GLUCOMANNAN SELENIUM Papaya 100 MCG. 500 MCG 500 MG Papain VITAMIN 90 $C95 180 $ DIgestant IVITAMIN 13'"' CAPS U CAPS SCO for B-12 $9.95 ttRt B-12 Shipping charge for Cordtess Electric Toothbrush $1.00 Tablets DO** 100 FOR 65* 100 FOR 1.95 $1.00 500 for $2.75 500 FOR 2.50 500 FOR 7.50 INDIVIDUAL B-VITAMIN Tablets Shipping charge (disregard if order exceeds $10.00) SATISFACTION GUARANTEED TOTAL AMOUNT BALANCED 50 MG 100 lor 500 for 1,000 lor 100 mg. VITAMIN B1 $1.25 $5.50 $9.85 FREE 50 mg. VITAMIN B2 $1.25 $5.50 $9.85 Just check this box, add $1.00 shipping for p„,riiacc B-COMPLEX 50 mg. NIACIN 85' $3.49 $5.50 your FREE Cordless Electric Toothbrush and »''';>"f?s HI-POTENCY "LEE-PLEX 50 MG." 100 mg. NIACINAMIDE $1.00 $3.85 $6.50 mail your order before 2/28/85. Electric 400 meg. ACID 65< $2.85 $4.95 Toothbrush In 1 cap daily 50 mg. eacti of Vit B1, B2, B6, FOLIC 100 meg. 65* $2.50 $t.3S Niacinamide: Pantottienic Acid. Choline, Inositol, 30 B12 8204 mg. Para-Aminobenzoic Acid. 50 meg. eacli of 812, 300 meg. BIOTIN $1.45 $6.50 $10.95 PRINT NAME I d-Biotin. 100 meg. Folic Acid. 250 mg. CHOUNE $1.65 $6.95 $12.00 250 mg. INOSITOL $3.75 $16.89 $29.75 ADDRESS APT ,100^ 100 mg. PANTO. ACID $1.69 $5.75 $9.75 I cljs c%°s1059 lOOmg. PABA $1.00 $4.50 $7.85 I CITY STATE ZIP — — DEFENSE Continued from page 21 running out of computing power. "The laboratories' computer capacity has been saturated," according to a gov- ernment report. (One such computer can cost $7.6 million.) More and more computing power is needed each year, "in large part due to the continued emergence of new weapons concepts with potential defensive applications. This demand will continue to grow." As the demand for computers grows, so too will the demand for software —the logical instructions without which a computer can do noth- ing. There are computer experts in the Pentagon who are panicking already at the thought that software will soon is the time to show the world you I T^Tow DISTINCTIVE CONCEPTS INC. cost more than hardware—after all, are proud of your patriotic service to P.O. BOX 2075 • ATTLEBORO, MA 02703 your country. Your years invested are the prices of computers keep coming I ^ ^ worthy of the recognition that these hand- .WWII .KOREAN .VIETNAM down, but the number of programmers X Isomely detailed buckles will provide you. De- U.S.A.VET $9.95 = SUBTOTAL . needed keeps going up. The prediction signed by a Vietnam Veteran to proudly com- Postage & Handling Charges is that by 1990 the Pentagon will have Imemorate your commitment to America. (1-2PCS.-1 00,3-4Pcs -2 00.5ormore-3 00) TOTAL Each buckle is hand brushed to a high lustre to pay $30 biUion or more per year just Payment Enclosed Mastercharge bronze finish to accentuate the finely DVisa for software. sculptured detail. Ideal for your own belt, a I should treat such gift, or as sets for different campaigns within However, you the same family. Buckles accommodate either predictions with caution. It once was I " I V or I 'A" belt widths. thought that at the rate Americans For taster service, call 1 -800-237-8400 extension #270 I were buying telephones the entire I (Florida residents call 1-800-282-1469 eirtension #270) Mass Residents add 5% Sates Tax Allow 5 - 6 weel Yes, Mail Order is the fastest-growing, most prof- "wishful thinking." itable business in America! And now with the pop- Perhaps the most ambitious ulation explosion . . . the huge teenage market . . . computer project going is the and more people moving to the suburbs— we are on the verge of the BIGGEST BOOM in Mail Order "Strategic Computing" initiative of the history! Defense Advanced Research Projects Free Agency, the Pentagon's high-tech think tank. DARPA officials speak of If you are sincerely interested in starting a lucra- tive business of your own ACT NOW! We can help crossing the threshold "into a new Mail Order Beginners you get rich in Mail Order just as we've helped generation of computing." others. Mail the coupon or send a postcard. We'll Universities and industry are being GetCasliby IMaii! send you a free book, catalog, ads and complete facts about our offer. No salesman will call. No urged to design a completely new ap- Have you ever thought of operating a little mail obligation. You don't need previous experience but proach to computing, building ma- order business of your own? Something you could you must be over 21 . Write to: in of logic, not start on a shoestring right from home in your spare Mail Order Associates, Inc., Dept. 325 chines that think terms time. It's a fabulous business! Montvale, New Jersey 07645 numbers. This would let the Army Bob Carter of Newark, N.J. ran his first small design a driverless vehicle that could mail order ad in House Beautiful magazine — PMail Order Associates, Inc., Dept. 325 1 offering an auto clothes rack. Business Week re- scout out enemy positions; the Navy Ridge Rd. I ported that his ad brought in $5,000 in orders. By 120 Chestnut might dress up aircraft carriers with a the end of his first year in Mail Order, he had Montvale, New Jersey 07645 computer smart enough to manage the grossed over $ 100,000! ' Another beginner— a lawyer from the midwest, Please rush full details imnnediately. complex flight patterns and maneu- sold a mail order item to fishermen. Specialty Sales- whole battle group of ships Name _ vers of a man magazine reveals, "he made $70,000 in the first Continued on page 5U three months!" Address. There is no other business where you can make City a fortune so fast. Come up with a 'hot' new item. . . THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE and WHAM! State .Zip. It strikes like a bolt of lightning! — GREAT NEW TRANSPORTATION IDEA INDOOR/OUTDOOR Electric Car(t) Who says safe, quiet y electric-powered personal transportation is a dream for the future? That dream is now— thanks to modern engineering - and ELECTRIC MOBILITY. In fact, there are thousands of through the stores! Only 21" to 28" mirror, padded armrests and surrey electric vehicles out there right wide, it goes up and down the aisles top. now—taking their satisfied owners to with ease to let you shop in motorized Standard features include pneu- the store—the library—the park- comfort. matic tires, variable speed control, even just around the house and yard Time to carry the bundles home built-in battery chargers, rear differ- and off to visit friends. just load them into the big front and ential drive, padded swivel seat, on- They use no gas or oil, go up to 20 rear cargo baskets and wheel on off switch with key, sealed beam miles on a single lOfl: battery charge, home in style. headlight, heavy duty front drum and recharge overnight just by plug- brake and more. ging into any household electric No License Needed outlet. Even if you've never learned to Call Toll-Free drive, you can operate one of these 1-800-662-4548 Meet CYCLE CHAIR three-wheelers. And no drivers for Complete Details license is needed. and LITTLE RASCAL Of course, with a 20-mile range, In fact, they're so easy to ride, even these vehicles won't replace the fam- a child can do it. All the controls are These peppy little three-wheelers ily car. right on the handlebar, so one hand go up to 12mph, and are as much But for safe, reliable transportation is all it takes to up, slow down, fun to ride as a Moped, but far safer. speed around your neighborhood or town stop, back up or make a turn. The wide rear wheelbase makes —with no gas to pump, no oil to them virtually untippable. At the change, no waiting for buses or help- Variety Sizes same time, having all the weight over A of ful friends, they simply can't be beat! the rear axle gives them excellent And Options Available So don't wait for the future to arrive function on slopes, hills even off- — Both Cycle Chair and Little Rascal . . . because it's already here! Mail the-road surfaces like grass, sand, are available in short or long frame the coupon below or call our toll-free gravel or carpet. models, with and without such de- number 1-800-662-4548 and arrange Both the Rascal and the luxe accessories as a locking stor- to test drive a brand-new Cycle Chair CycleChair have lightweight alumi- age box, electric horn, rear view or Little Rascal today! num frames which are guaranteed for life, solid-state controls and mod- I ular design, which makes them easy MOBILITYi ^ to transport in the trunk of your car. Electric Mobility Corporation, Dept. 1237 #1 Mobility Plaza, Sewell, NJ 08080 j I Ride 'em Indoors or Out! SEND ME complete information on the electric-powered CYCLE CHAIR and LITTLE RASCAL so I I I can stop pumping gas, changing oil, and using big, overpowered for trips around a car short town. | I CALL ME to arrange a test drive at my convenience so I can for myself how and how i No garage? Never mind! You can see easy— I are to operate! much fun—they | ride your Cycle Chair or Little Rascal I Name right into the house. They're great for I gardening or doing lawn chores. I I Address_ Going shopping? You won't have City_ _State_ -Zip- to worry about looking for a parking space. Ride your Cycle Chair or Lit- Phone_ tle Rascal right into the mall and Mail this coupon today or CALL TOLL FREE 1-800-662-4548 f a — DEFENSE YOU DON'T NEED Continued from page 52 CASTRO'S PERMISSION TO SMOKE CUBAN-SEED HANDMADE CIGARS! and airplanes; and the Air Force could HANDMADESFORTHE MAN build a micro-electronic "pilot's associ- WHO THOUGHT HE ate," a kind of backseat driver for COULDN'T AFFORD THEM! fighter planes. I'll send ttiem to you from Tampa, the fine Some experts are concerned that cigar capital of ttie world. Sample ttie cigars in my new Silver H/tedallion Japan will beat the U.S. to the punch Sampler and enjoy a wonderful new smoking sensation. I'll include a gener- in these fifth generation computers, as ous sampling of Honduras tiandmades are called. the Pentagon's plus a nice selection of vintage-leaf, they But long-filler and cut filler cigars, all per- top electronics official is not con- fectly blended for mildness and flavor cerned. "The thing that is overlooked Ttiese supert) smokes are made with expertly blended Cuban- seed- leaf tobaccos grown and cured the old Cuban way in Honduras so often," said Donald Latham, assist- from seed smuggled out of Cuba. They're mild, flavorful and extremely satisfying to the cigar smoker who's looking for something new, something better, something ant secretary of defense, "is that just exceptionally tasty. Experts can't tell them from Havana. You won't be able to either, when having a high-speed machine available you try them. Natural wrapper If you're ready for a luxuriously enjoyable smoking experience, try them now. IS one thing. Knowing how to use it is pibonter. fiUinandmailoouponto B-328~| MY OFFER TO another. I think we are so far ahead of CIGAR LOVERS I THOMPSON CIGAR CO. the Japanese in knowing how to use 5401 Hangar Ct., Dept B328, Box 30303, Tampa, FL 33630 I'll send postpaid a selection you I high-speed machines—in the tricks of O.K., TOM! Ship the Silver Medallion of 42 factory-fresh cigars— me Sampler under your money- back guarantee for only $10.90. the software—that that is where the special selection of Honduras I Check for $10.90 enclosed (Fla. residents add 5% sales tax) handmades, vintage-leaf long- i I difference is. I don't give them credit , I Charge $10.90 to my VISA American Express filler and cut filler smokes. If I MasterCard Diners Club for being ahead at all." all these cigars aren't you ex- I pected, return the unsmoked The urgency to develop sophisti- ones by United Parcel or Parcel I Credit Card No, (Prim all digrts) EXR DATE cated computers needed to initiate and Post within 30 days and I'll protect American defense efforts has refund your money. No ques- tions asked. Your delivered cost prompted an enormous investment in is only $10.90 for 42 factory- state-of-the-art computing power. fresh, Cuban-seed-leaf cigars. Consequently, the Department of OFFER GOOD IN U S ONLY Defense has established a new Super- CREDIT CARD USERS TOLL-FREE 1 - 800-237-2559 SPEED DELIVERY BY CALLING IN FLORIDA, CALL 1-800-282-0646 computer Research Center to be man- aged by the National Security Agency and operated by the Institute for De- "€VeRYTHING YOU NCeO TO KNOW ABOUT fense Analysis, a non-profit federal re- MANUFACTURED/MOSUe HOME LIVING IN fLOKIDAf search center. 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The Affordable THINK lANKS CENTURY A ward- Winning Continued from page 27 MOBILE HOME COMMUNITIES Communities of Florida zones between the United States, Canada and Mexico — kind of a North American version of the Common Market — and describes the plan in a book or paper, along with a prospec- tive for the impact of such a change. The book or paper may be sent to BEGIN^^ influential editors and journalists at ^ $14,900! public opinion journals such as The National Review, The Republic, Century Communities offer you a wide range of Fun-in-the-Sun choices in new New Foreign Affairs, or Kristol's maga- mobile home living, including communities with . . . waterfront living and marinas . . zine. Public Interest. While most of golf course living . . . large clubhouses . . . heated swimming pools . . . 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Name Choice locations include A few years ago Brookings estab- Ocala, Leesburg, Wildwood, Street Address lished a public affairs office and began City, Winter publishing its own quarterly, the Tampa-Plant Citv State. Zip_ Haven, Lakeland, Haines "Brookings Review." "There has been Phone ( a change at Brookings," said Semerad. City and Sebring. L "We are aggressively trying to market the work going on here. Once Brook- ings was the only game in town, but now there are more think tanks EARN A CASH COMMISSION around, a greater competition for scholars and very heavy competition with every order for Mason Shoes For fastest service call TOLL FREE for the funding needed to make the No Investment Required. That's right. A part time 1-800-826-7030, Ext. 602 No cost or obligation! organization viable." business that pays you instant cash without any 1 residents call 1-800-472-7003. Ext. 602 investment. 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AL-21 Badge-A-Minll, Dept AL285, Box 800, LaSalle, IL 61301 4890 Clark Lane, Manlius, N.Y. 13104 Continued on page 59 56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Now the ONLY officially approved American Legion Life Insurance Pla^ Announces a major increase in coverage from10tDl2 units More benefit dollars, more vital protection than ever before available. Who keeps pace with Who dares publish a loved ones' needs for verified audited pay-out " cost of living dollars? figure? We do. New 12 units We do. More than $50 million validated benefit dollars have been paid offer up to $144,000 Now. Our two new units provide out. Proof positive that our plan benefit dollars. even better protection. More dollars is rock-solid, dependable, for child-rearing, to pay debts, meet Only $288 per year. trustworthy. mortgage payments. Keep up with DEPENDING ON AGE the cost of living. • Who keeps a 24-hour One unit pays up to Who says you can buy lock box for claims and $12,000, only $24 per benefit dollars annually applications? We do. year. for 460 a week? We do. Service is our action. Verified • claims are quickly processed. One unit, per year, billed $24 Applications, too, get prompt han- yearly, pays up to $1 2,000, de- Enroll now or add dling. Once you're accepted, stay pending on age. That's only 460 to an American Legion member and your coverage. per week. Shop others. Convince pay your annual premium, your yourself that this is a buy. good coverage won't be cancelled. Benefits for deaths occurring in Who makes it easy to 1 985 include a 20% increase for all buy? We do. ages of insured Legionnaires. As a Legionnaire under age 70, Exclusions. Straight talk you won't able to meet the health require- ments of the plan's underwriter, No benefit is payable for death as get elsewhere. you're eligible. Choose the units a result of war or an act of war, if Since 1958, thousands of that fit your budget from Benefits death occurs while serving, or with- Legionnaires liave bought this Chart, next page. Complete the in six months after termination of decreasing term plan to provide application. Mail with check or service, in the military, naval or air affordable, supplemental coverage. money order for the correct force of any country or combination It's a wise choice for you. premium amount. of countries. We do for you. Now you do for you. Turn page, complete your application. Mail it promptly today! THE ONLY AMERICAN LEGION Join the ONLY Officially Approved Plan. LIFE INSURANCE PLAN Get up to 12 Units. 20% Benefit Bonus. APPLY TODAY Select the num- BENEFITS—Yearly Renewable Reducing Term Insurance (Policy Form GPC-5700-781) ber of units from the chart at Benefits determined by age at death and include 20% SPECIAL INCREASE for deaths right, fill out the application be- occurring during 1985. Maximu/n coverage limited to 12 units. low and enclose your check or — 12 Units 11 Units 10 Units 8 Units 6 Units 5 Units 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units 1 Unit money order for the prorated Age at Death $288 per yr. per yr. $264 $240 per yr. $192 per yr. $144 per yr. $120 per yr $96peryr. $72peryr. $48peryr. $24 per yr. premium indicated to provide Through age 29 $144,000 $132,000 $120,000 $96,000 $72,000 $60,000 $48,000 $36,000 $24,000 $12,000 coverage for the rest of the cal- 30-34 115,200 105,600 96,000 76,800 57,600 48,000 38,400 28,800 19,200 9,600 endar year. 35-44 64,800 59,400 54,000 43,200 32,400 27,000 21,600 16,200 10,800 5,400 45-54 31,680 IF YOU LIVE IN FL, IL, NJ, NY, 29,040 26,400 21,120 15,840 13,200 10,560 7,920 5,280 2,640 55-59 NC, OH, PR, TX, or Wl send for 17,280 15,840 14,400 11,520 8,640 7,200 5,760 4,320 2,880 1,440 special application. Applications 60-64 11,520 10,560 9.600 7,680 5,760 4,800 3,840 2,880 1,920 960 65-69 7,200 and benefits vary slightly in 6,600 6,000 4,800 3,600 3,000 2,400 1,800 1,200 600 70-74* some areas. Make check or 4,752 4,356 3,960 3,168 2,376 1,980 1,584 1,188 792 396 75'-0ver money order payable to; The 3,600 3,300 3,000 2,400 1,800 1,500 1,200 900 600 300 American Legion Life Insurance Prorated Premlumt $240 $220 $200 $160 $120 $100 $80 $60 $40 $20 Plan. *No persons age 70 or over (including those desiring additional coverage) will be accepted for new insurance 9 and 7 units also available. Please write for details. fPRORATED PREMIUM TO SEND APPLICATION. pre- WITH YOUR The INCONTESTABILITY Your coverage shall be incontestable after it has miums shown above are for the balance of 1985 for approved applica- been in force during your lifetime for two years from its effective date. tions effective Mar. 1, 1985. Premiums for applications effective Apr. 1 or later are proportionately less, by $2 PER UNIT PER MONTH, and any MAIL TO: The American Legion Life Insurance Plan overpayments will be refunded. Premiums accompanying non-approved P.O. Box 5609 • Chicago, IL 60680 applications will be refunded in full. EFFECTIVE DATE Your insurance becomes effective on the first of day Plan insured by Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company. the month coinciding with or next following the date your application is received, subject to Insurance Company's approval. Insurance Application Subject to Underwriter's Approval may be maintained in force by payment of premiums when due. ENROLLMENT NOTICE OF DISCLOSURE CARD FOR YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM LIFE INSURANCE OF INFORMATION FOR MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION Information regarding your in- Full : Birth Date surability will be treated as con- Name. Last First Middle Mo. Day Year fidential except that Trans- america Occidental Life In- Permanent Residence. surance Co. may make a brief Street City state zip report to the Medical Informa- tion Bureau (M I.B.) a non-profit Name of Beneficiary_ -Relationship. Example: Print "Heler) Louise Jones." Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" membership organization of life insurance companies which Membership Card No Year Post No State. operates an information ex- change of its on behalf I apply for the number of units indicated: members. Upon request by another member insurance The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this enrollment: all company to which you have ap- Answer questions. plied for life or health insurance, 1. Present occupation? . Are you now actively working? or to which a claim is submit- Yes No If no, give reason ted, the M.I.B. will supply such 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If yes, give date. company with the information it length of stay and cause. may have in its files. 3. During last five years, had disease, circulatory disease, kidney disease, liver disease, The Company may also release the have you heart lung disease, diabetes, or cancer, or had or or for information In its file to its rein- have you received treatment medication high blood pressure or alcoholism? Yes If details surers and to other life in- No yes, give surance companies to which you may apply for life or health I represent that to the best of my knowledge, aU statements and answers recorded on this enrollment card are true and complete. I agree that this enrollment card shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under the policy. insurance, or to which a claim I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may attend or examine me, to is submitted. disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. Upon receipt of a request from Signature of Dated you, the M.I.B. will arrange dis- , 19 Applicant offers this closure of any information it The American Legion Insurance through Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company, Home Office: Los Angeles, California may have in your file. Medical GMA-300 19 12-79 (Univ.) information will only be dis- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND AUTHORIZATION 5265 closed to your attending physi- cian. If you question the ac- I tiave received and read ttie Notice of Disclosure of Information at left. Further, I authorize any curacy of information in the physician, medical practitioner, hospital, clinic, or other medical or medically related facility, in- Bureau's file you may seek cor- surance company, the Medical Information Bureau or other organization, institution or person rection in accordance with the having any records or know/ledge of me or of my health to give Transamerica Occidental Life In- procedures set forth in the Fed- surance Company any such information. eral Fair Credit Reporting Act. A photographic copy of this authorization shall be as valid as the original. The address of the Bureau's in- formation office is P.O. Box 105, Dated...... , 19. Signature of Applicant Essex Station, Boston, Mass. II^a^ly^r^d^^n^L^o^.i^lt^r^^e^1^^r^^^y^^c^ j^jn^ 02112; Phone (617) 426-3660. ^^B^HTI THEVK lANKS Ride up 1,000 Continued from page 56 and down stairs STAMPS safely. $2.95 more likely to give money to think tanks that stay fairly close to the Cheney has the lift you need. The middle ground; or at least those that GUARANTEED deluxe Wecolator for straight, curved appear to hold enough independence to and spiral staircases or the economi- WORTH OVER $30 AT attack or praise an idea on its merits, cal Liberty™ Lifts for straight stair- STANDARD CATALOG PRICES! rather than sticking with rigid ideol- ways. You'll ride safely from floor to ogy. Therefore, the AEI today is floor in the home you love. Reward yourself now — a great • opportunity hardly a bhnd advocate of business in- Wide comfortable seats and to increase the value of footrests your present collection or to start a terests and Brookings is not at all in new • Folds out of the way for normal one. Get 1,000 different stamps from the pocket of so-called hberals. stair use over 55 countries: U.S.A., Canada, Indeed, Brookings' Semerad was • Individualized options, decorator British Colonies, Germany, Russia, director for the colors the 1980 platform Re- China, etc.; Animals, Space, Olympics, • Unmatched limited warranties publican party. The Hoover Institu- spectacular Old and New Issues Contact your local Cheney represen- tion, one of President Reagan's included — Plus big 96-page Illustrated tative or call Darlene Lewis Collector's Catalog — favorites — his future presidential li- 1-800-782-1222. everything to brary will be housed at Hoover has enjoy the World's Most Rewarding — helping people help themselves Hobby! Sold to asserted academic independence by is- you for only $2.95 for agreeing suing papers containing doubts about The CHENEYCompany to look at other sensational Dept. LE, P.O. Box 188, New Berlin Wl 53151 stamps from our 10-Day Free Reagan's economic pohcies. And while 414-782-1100 Examination Approval Service. You can Hoover, like the President, has been return approval stamps with no traditionally foreign pol- hawkish on obligation to buy and cancel Service icy, one of its scholars, Latin America anytime. But in any case, these 1,000 expert Robert Wesson, has urged the Stamps and Collector's Catalog are United States open trade with Cuba. $200 yours to keep when sending In trying to make or influence public $10,000 $2.95 NOW! CASH policy, each think tank tends to take a PAID MONEY BACK IF NOT DELIGHTED! different approach to its product. .lapanrvr Mililart Drioraliiiiis & (.rrman WWII Kriits Limit One Advertised Offer Per Family (espeiialU daK^trs) \lsn Wauled "There is something of division of KENMORE a David E J Pepin—Member nbthk, Tokyo, Japan OT-205, N.H. 03055 labor in the field," said Lipset. "We Dept. AM,P 0 Box iSi. Grant Park, IL 60940 Milford tend to do a little more basic research in the west, while in Washington and New York there's a push to make an COMEDY^CLASSICS immediate impact. Still, there are some overlaps." The Famous Funnymen of Films All on One "Although we can't be all things to all people," said Semerad, "we have 90 Minute Feature Length VIDEO Cassette! tried to mix our product line between And AvaUable in Stores! the short-term and long-term projects. ONLY $14*95 ^Qg Since we're a fairly large organization, Video Yesteryear presents this uproarious giggle of comedy classics. we can conduct in-depth research. The A full 90 minutes of fun and laughter for the entire family. For little more than the price of a blank tape, you can bring your favorite movie main thing is to be timely. Our (Brook- comedians into your own home to watch time and again! This collection ings) job is not to promote a course of is yours for only $14.95 plus shipping and handling. Order today and action, but to enhance the decision- we'll send you our giant video catalogue absolutely FREE! making process. So just when an issue 1. Charlie Chaplin in THE NEW JANITOR-im. Vintage Chaplin: his first year on the screen! is about to be discussed in Congress, 2. Harold Uoyd in I M ON MY WAY-I9I9. A privileged view of one that's the time to come out with a book of silent comedy's great masters! or paper on the subject." 3. W.C. Fields in THE DENTIST-1932. The original uncensored The Heritage Foundation considers hilarious version! 4. The Three Stooges in DISORDER IN THE COURT-1936. A itself more of a "fireman" in the public courtroom farce that is pure madness! policy process. "We address most is- 5. Laurel & Hardy in "The Flight" from FLYING DEUCES-1939 The sues with short studies, maybe 10 wildest airplane ride since the Wright Brothers! single-spaced pages," said Burton 6. Daffy Dick in DAFFY THE COMMANDO-I943. Daffy takes on the entire Third Reich! Pines, the foundation's vice president 7. Abbott &Cost«Uo in WHO 'S ON FIRST-1945. Their most famous for research. "Ninety percent of the comedy routine! papers are written by our staff mem- Our complete catalogue $1.25. Sent FREE with your order. bers in about six weeks. We have Video Yesteryear Save Time—Credit Card Orders turned out some in 24 hours." Box C Sandy Hook, Conn. 06482 CALL TOLL FREE Whenever a think tank's ideas or Please RUSH me copies @ $14.95 each plus $1.95 800-243-0987 operator 140 shipping & handling. Enclosed is my check, money order, in CT HI, AK, call 203-426-2574 perspectives are accepted and put into or credit card information. 1 have enclosed applicable action, its stock in the woiid of public sales tax. Check Format: VHS Beta Which Credit Card?_ policy rises. And many of these in- Name Card ' stitutions are rightfully proud of their Continued on page 60 Address. Exp. Date. FEBRUARY 1985 City . State Zip _ Signature. . THINK lANKS Continued from page 59 JAN. 1- APRIL 30: accomplishments. It is, however, dif- ONE-WEEK VACATION (1 OR 2 PEOPLE) ficult to cite any one study that brings Stay in a lovely furnished garden apartment with an idea to finiition; many voices go into kitchen, color TV, private patio. a debate and nearly all policies are Enjoy a complimentary round of golf, plus tennis, forged from a number of sources. swimming, bowling, more. Rarely does a think tank go it alone w ONE VISIT WILL CONVINCE YOU and see an idea become policy. ...Why Sun City West outsells every other adult com- Nonetheless, it was Brookings that munity in Arizona. $70 MILLION IN LIFESTYLE originated the notion of a bi-partisan AMENITIES include: Five 18-hole golf courses Congressional Budget Office; devel- Southwest 's largest private rec center Shopping, oped a proposal for its working and services, medical care and churches in community saw it established. In fact, one of 7.169-seat performing arts center Brookings' senior staff members, AUce Rivlin, became the first director of the Please mail coupon Name CBO in 1975. "Although the office with check or money doesn't solve the budget problem or order to: Address _ Phone (_ Del E.Webb federal deficit," said Semerad, "it Development Co.:o. City . State helps make for better educated legis- AH-02S P.O. Box 1725 Vacation desired nights of _ lators and staffs who really don't have Sun City. 1-800-528-2604 the time or skills to study all the de- AZ 85372 OR CALL TOLL FREE tails of a budget." DEL WEBBS INCOMPARABLE A more illustrative example is em- bodied in the small Institute for Con- SUN aTY WEST ©ARIZONA temporary Studies in San Francisco, THE WORLD S PREMIER ADULT COMMUNITY which came to prominence in 1975 with called to * introductory rate for one or two people including sales tax. Return visits are $425/wk. Jan 1-March 31 Visits are $150/wk. May 1-Sept 30 an energy study No Time Con- and $250/wk. Oct. 1-Dec. 31. One guest must be SO or over and no one can be under 19 fuse. It was a stinging rebuttal to an energy policy conceived by the Ford Foundation, a pohcy that called for a So easy to handle THERE IS MONEY virtual federal takeover of the U.S. en- TO BE MADE SELLING ergy industry. No Time to Confuse sav- you guide it witli aged the Ford study before it had time Just ONE HAND! to have much influence. Let us show you how to Two years later the Institute pub- make over S20 00 an hshed another book with specific en- hour selling Knapp shoes in your spare ergy policy suggestions, called Options time No cost for U.S. Energy Policy. And though no obligation the ICS is considered conservative, its incorpo- Clip this ad coupon and mail today. many of suggestions were Joe Barry rated into President Jimmy Carter's KNAPP SHOES. One KnapD Centre energy policy. Carter, you may recall, Dept. 5447, Brockton, MA 02401 and not Reagan, actually started the de-control of the U.S. oil industry. Name No Footprints! No Wheelmarks! No Struggle! The entire range of public pohcy is Address Tiller users, for heaven's sake, please don't buy frightfully too complex to be grasped City nor put up any longer with any other make of by either public leaders or the pubhc. Tiller without giving yourself a chance to find out State Zip. Therefore, the think tanks, which can about our wonderfully different and better kind of produce clear and logical thinking of Tillers - with POWER DRIVEN WHEELS and with tines in the REAR instead of the FRONT! Please ^C^IAP^^Americo works in Knapp Shoe^ seemingly scrambled problems, play a let us send you complete details, prices, "OFF- vital role in the political process. SEASON" SAVINGS, etc. Mail coupon below now The conservative institutions like to TROY-BILT® Roto Tillers, 1G2nd St. & 9th Ave., Heritage, and Hoover practically Troy, N.Y. 12180. AEI ^.„o,^ . ,., , ' ©1983 Garden Way, Inc. APPLIANCES RUPTURE wrote the Reagan agenda. And it's clear FOR COMFORT! will continue to produce TROY-BILT" Roto Tiller-Power Composters, Dept. A2394 that think tanks When you slip into a gen- 102nd St. & 9th Ave., Troy, NY 12180 ideas for the nation by cutting across, uine BROOKS Appliance] Ptoaie send the whole wonderful story o1 TROY-BILT^ Roto all you can enjoy heavenly I slicing through and often obhterating Tillers Including prices and "OFF-SEASON" SAVINGS now In effect lor a limited time. comfort night and day at ideas generated by | ideological Unes. The work or at play! Thirteen (Please Print Clearly) this fourth branch of government some- million sold, since 1880. You buy direct from the NamB_ factory - never sold in stores - beware of imitations. times go nowhere. But increasingly Only the highest quality materials and workman- they carry power, and are a distinct in- Address_ (Especially for older people who wish to avoid ship. fluence on the way we are governed and unnecessary operations for reducible rupture). Send City_ live. for our FREE illustrated booklet with no obligation. the way we State_ -2V- BROOKS APPLIANCE COMPANY (Medicare Dept. 821, Marshall, Mich. 49068 Pays 80%) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . - ; ... All Experts Report . . . Once Established . . . Water Just Once A Week Be Absolutely Amazed As Growing Season . . . To Even The Majestic Black Spruce . . . TREE . Long—Week In, Week Out Compared WONDER SHAPE . ZOOMS TO THE SIZE OF A 15 YEAR OLD TREE IN JUST ONE SINGLE YEAR! IN IT'S ALMOST LIKE YES, ROOF-HIGH JUST ONE YEAR GROWING and keeps on skyrocketing 30-40-50 EVEN UP TO INSTANT SHADE 60 FEET HIGH OR MORE in less time than most trees nudge themselves a few feet off the ground. Actually Soars Into A Magnificent Tree VITAL STATISTICS FROM LEADING EXPERTS IN JUST ONE YEAR! MATURE GROWTH SIZE: as much as 40 to 65 feet rates reported plant Yes! Based on amazing growth by MATURE SPREAD: as much as 30 to 35 feet scientists— it grows SO FAST . . . arches out SO WIDE ZONE OF HARDINESS: Hardy from the deepest South . . . you can actually take a ruler and nneasure the to as tar North as Vermont, Minn., Quebec, British incredible difference in height every 2 to 3 days! OR, to Columbia. Winter Hardy in areas where temp drops as really leave your neighbors gasping in awe and wonder low as 30 degrees below zero. give them a yardstick and let them measure the dif- ference IN FEET every 2 to 3 weeks! LIGHT NEEDS: Grows beautifully in Sunny location. 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(#001) 1 for only $3,95 plus 75C postage and handling. (#002) 2 for only $6,95 (SAVE OVER $1) plus $1,00 postage and handling, JUST MINUTES TO PLANT-REWARDS YOU WITH A UFETIME OF BEAUTY! (#004) 4 for only $1 0,00 (SAVE OVER $7,00) plus $1 .50 postage and handling, (#010) 10 for only $20.00 (SAVE OVER $20.00) plus $3.00 postage and handling. (#020) 20 for only $30.00 (SAVE OVER $55.00) plus $5.00 postage and handling. If after receiving my order I am not fully delighted, I may return anytime within 90 days and you will refund my purchase price in full (less postage and handling, of course). Total amount enclosed $ (Mich, residents add sales tax.) No C.O.D.'s please. Name Here's a luiurious sight you don't Picture your pallo bathed In the Just a lew minutes planting have to wait hall a llfellnie grow- cool beauty at this show-stopping lime—a lew seasons' growing Address ing—a matched pair ol these tow- miracle tree from early spring to lime, ,, rewards you with twin tow- ering ihow plecei the first snows of winter nrs ol' hoHuly. City St.ilo Zip . 1 MAKESYOUALMOST ORBEN'S WORLD 2" TELLER SIZES: 51 WIDTHS; B-EEE We live in a fascinating age. Each day history is being made; if not history, at Looks just like ordinary shoes except hidden least some new questions for future inside is a height increasing innermold. Choose Pursuit. from a wide selection of Elevators, including dress editions of Trivial shoes, boots and casuals. Satisfaction guaranteed. Exceptionally comfortable. Call or write today for your FREE color catalog so you can look 2" taller in ahnost no time. TOLL FREE 1-800-343-3810 ELEVATORS® Q RiCHLEE SHOE COMPANY, DEPT. AL52 I say it's high time we started to regu- 5 Norfolk Ave., South Hasten, 02375 MA late deregulation! OLD-TIME STAMPS 25C Wooden chairs have produced as many Skiing is the sport that requires you to standing ovations as talent. spend an arm and a leg to break an arm and a leg. 26 different genuine stamps 35-80 years old. A historic bonanza of years long gone by. Unusual and seldom seen issues from many parts of the world, such as: Europe, I know I'm a little overweight, but it's British North Amenca, Afnca, Asia, South America, the a medical problem. The doctor says Orient and more. Worth $2.00 at catalog prices. All tor only 25C! Also fine stamps from our approval service. Buy only my body retains ice cream. what you like. Return balance promptly' Thank youl Falcon Stamp Co., Dept. 025AL Falconer, N.Y. 14733 MEMBER ASDA • APS • SPA Let's not call them leftovers. Let's DO-IT- just call them timed-release dinners. YOURSELF KITS BUILD YOUR OWN GRANDFATHER CLOCK I think those inflight phones are a Prices great idea. I'm having one put in my Starting luggage so we can stay in touch. Under (including mmovement and dial • Do-it-yourselt case kit, parts pre-cut • Finished clocl I am interested in Do-ll- Yourself Kits n Finished Clocks Name Street I try to be philosophical about things. Fear is when you open the closet City _ For instance, I feel that having money where your winter clothes are stored State Zip- is only the second best thing in Hfe. ayid you hear a moth buij>. (please print) The first is having lots of money. © 1985 Robert Orben 62 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE I found a way to SELL^ MAKE INCOME! earned $7,700 from my first Pace order... plus financial security in my own business. 1st person story by Tedd Mainwaring I worked on an oil drilling crew out west. We drilled 11 it is to set up a business and keep it running profitably. So all wells one year, every one a gusher! But did I strike it I had to do was go out and find somebody with a leaky roof, rich? Not on your life— I was paid by the hour and struggled and tell him about Pace products. to feed a growing family. That started me to thinking, 'Why "Quite frankly, my first prospect didn't buy. But I made a should I do all the work while someone else gets all the call for a school building with a roof the size of a football field. gravy.' They called it the "Bucket Leaker," because every time it "About that time I got injured and ended up having to rained they had to put out buckets—-in classrooms, hallways, move my family to a different area to take a job as a main- even the cafeteria— to catch the water. I got the job and tenance mechanic. That idea of controlling my own destiny made $7,700 on it. kept gnawing at me. By now I had five children with extra "That school building is now leak-free for the first time in expense of about $2,400 a year sending the oldest one to a 25 years, so they had me do five other roofs with Pace's speech and hearing center. Seamless Spray. I was on my way. Today my family and I are "How could a guy like me save up enough money to start enjoying a life we never thought possible before— all thanks my own business? To get into most businesses you have to to my accepting Pace's invitation to return that little coupon I own a corner of Fort Knox. If could only ease into a business in the ad I read." . , without giving up the regular salary I had to count on to put food on the table. And without making any investment. As long as I was dreaming, wouldn't it be great to find some- MAIL COUPON TODAY FOR thing where every single spare time order could bring in FREE FACTS—NO OBLIGATION really big extra money. Would you like to earn big money, starting out in your "Sound like the impossible dream? Well, I had seen a Pace spare time, like Tedd Mainwaring? Would you like the free- Products story about a man who earned $4,154.65 on just one dom and independence of your own business? It can be yours. Seamless Spray order. And he didn't have to invest a penny. I Let us mail you the facts. Simply send in the coupon below sent for the free information. Believe me, when I received and we'll rush you all the details. There's no obligation. No their literature and saw how easy their field-tested sales kit salesman will call. made everything I knew it could all be more than just a — Our field-tested sales kit gives you all the know-how you dream. I decided to become a Pace distributor. And it was the need to get into the Pace business. There's no waiting, no best decision I ever made. training needed. And no investment required. You can get YOU NEED ABSOLUTELY NO EXPERIENCE into the Pace business that offers a way to make $1,000 or "Now I haven't mentioned anything about Pace— I've more on one sale — even up to $7,700 like Tedd saved the best for last. As you know, it costs a fortune these Mainwaring—and more! days for schools, hospitals, plants and other commercial This is your once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. Get all the buildings to have roof contractors repair or re-do their roofs. facts. Study them in the privacy of your own home and then Pace saves them that fortune—by-passing the contractor. decide for yourself. But don't delay. Mail the coupon now. The building owner uses Pace's Seamless Spray process to apply Pace Roof Renewal Sealant right over the old roof. The Pace Products Inc., Dept. AM-285 cost is so low, the proven results so satisfactory for such Quality Plaza 112th & College Blvd. RO. Box Overland Park, Ks. 66210 well-known firms as General Motors, American Airlines, 10925, send free material that tells how Holiday Inns and hundreds more, that there is little if any WITHOUT OBLIGATION I can have my own Pace business. No salesman will call. sales resistance. PLEASE PRINT "Pace ships the Pace Seamless Spray equipment on Free Name Loan. The customer pays only for the roofing products from Pace. His own men apply it. And the clincher— I would get Address _ my big commissions up front. Paid in advance. Weekly. City_ "With my mechanic's job, I was able to steirt out with Pace in my spare time. I didn't know a thing about roofs, but Pace State. .Zip- told me everything I had to know. They showed me how easy ARTHRITIS SUFFERERS CAREERS Soothing Relief from Continued from page 23 Night Pain, earned a master of divinity degree, has taken over a Nevi^ Jersey congre- Swelling, gation and completely restored a de- teriorating old parsonage. "I could have become very settled and secure," Morning he said. "Now my work gives me a sense of wanting to get up in the morning and get on with the day. My Stiffness! life is exciting and full — which is a ^Clinical study proves wonderful way to feel at 62." His advice to others: Test the success rate waters before you leap in, on a part- I over time basis, if possible. 93% In fact, that's the recurring theme Reduce, even Doctors find in eliminate many cases heavy of symptoms doses disappear stomach irritating completely! aspirin Irs GOOD FOR Sure-Grip ^ Comforter Stretch Gloves THE SOUL TO STEP INTO SOMETHING ORDER NOW BEFORE BITING WINTER COLD WORSENS MISERY! YOU DON'T KNOW Medical research proves comfort can be yours even No-Risk Guarantee after years of suffering. 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RAG2534 137 Walsh Avenue journal And the report further states that . mornmg Box 4305, New Windsor, NY 12550 careers in new fields. stiffness lessened to the point of virtual " Please rush pair(s) Sure-Grip'"^ Comlorter It's in disappearance . Patients were apparently spared what put Laurin Fischer back Stretcti Gloves (#414) at the low. low price ol only $9 95 the need for extra analgesic medication to combat per pair plus $1 90 postage, handling, and insurance on school at age 51, even while he was symptoms, the article notes Sure-Grip"^ Comforter Full Money Back Guarantee enjoying success as an engineer with a Stretch Gloves are quality made from specially woven SAVE! Order Two (2) pair, |usl $18 88 plus $3 25 nylon and spandex to help provide comfort and support postage, handling and insurance computer company. He realized that to stiff, swollen aching hands. Comfortable, light- G CHARGE _Exp.. his company's mandatory retirement weight, attractive. 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For means "pain reliever.") doctor for their good effects like reliev- How To Help example, on page 1 5 you'll learn that a Your Doctor ing pain, fighting infection, birth con- drug you take for shortness of breath Tell your doctor if you have any trol, aiding sleep, calming down, fight- can actually cause breathing diffi- possible side effects given in this book. ing coughs, colds or allergies, or lower- culties . . . the very thing it's supposed If he thinks best, he may lower your ing heartbeat and blood pressure. to prevent. dose, stop your medicine or switch to a Do You Have Any Of These Latest Facts On Each Drug different drug not having such side Bad Side Effects? Two outstanding pharmacists have effects. Prescription drugs can cause helped add newly discovered side A Remarkable Guarantee diarrhea, dizziness, dry mouth, effects to the new edition. The book Order this 30,000-word, easy-to- sleepiness, depression, headache, in- describes more than 300 of the most- understand book, edited by two somnia, upset stomach, blurred vision, often-used drugs, 100 more drugs than pharmacists. Simply cut out and mail cramps, rashes, constipation, fever, in last years edition. Facts are given in the coupon today. There's a no-time stuffy nose, short breath, high blood easy-to-understand words instead of limit guarantee of fuli satisfaction or pressure, fear, ringing sounds, poor hard-to-understand medical terms. your money back. - CUT AND MAIL TODAY!! Are You Taking Any of These Drugs? MAIL TO: FC&A Publishing (Partial List of Drugs in Book) P.O. Box 2528, Dept. PAM-2 Peachtree City, Ga. 30269 Achromycin® Dimetapp® Indocin® Nitro-Bid® Slow-K® Actifed® Donnatal® Isordil® Nitrostat® Sumycin® Aldactazide® Dyazide® Keflex® Omnipen® Synalgos® I enclose $3.99 + $ 1 .00 shipping and hand- Aldomet® E.E.S.® K-Tab'" Orinase® Synthroid® ling. Send me Prescription Drugs' Side Ef- Aldoril® Elavil® Tagamet® Lanoxin® Omade® fects Revealed. Amcill® Empirin/ Larotid® Ortho-Novum® Tenormin® Amoxicillin® Codeine® Lasix® Ovral® Tetracycline Amoxil® E-Mycin® Librax® Parafon Forte® Theo-Dur® Save! Send me two books at $7.98 + $ 1 .00 Antivert® Enduron® Librium® Pen-Vee K® Thyroid shipping and handling. (No extra shipping Apresoiine® ERYC® Timoptic® Lidex® Percodan® and handling charges.) Total amt. en- Atarax® Erythrocin® Lomotil® Persantine® Tolinase® Ativan® Feldene® Lo Oral® Phenaphen/ Tranxene® closed $ Bactrim® Fiorinal® Lopressor® Codeine® Triavil® Benadryl Fiorinal/ Lotrimin® Phenergan Tylenol/ Bentyl® Codeine® Macrodantin® Expectorant/ Codeine® Name Brethine® Flexeril® Mellaril® Codeine® Valisone® Haldol® Catapres® Micro-K® Phenobarbital Valium® Address Ceclor® Hydrochloro- Minipress® Premarin® V-Cillin K® Clinoril® thiazide Moduretic® Procardia® Ventolin® City Corgard® HydroDiuril® Monistat® Proventil® Vibramycin® Cortisporin® Hygroton® Motrin® Restoril® Vista ril® Coumadin® Iletin® Mycolog® Septra® Wymox® State Zip DaliTiane® Ilosone® Naldecon® SER-AP-ES® Xanax® Darvocet-N® Inderal® Nalfon® Serax® Zyloprim® Diabinese® Inderide® Naprosyn® Sinequan® Satisfaction Guaranteed or Your Money Back Dilantin® ® 1985 FC&A I — Noted foot specialist Dr. M. R. Davidson reports: CAREERS Research-Tested Heel Siiock Absorbers Continued from page 6U STOP FOOT PAIN AND LEG FATIGUE In Their Tracks; PROVIDE INSTANT RELIEF! Two of the most successful entre- preneurships are selling ice cream cones at county fairs and balloons at public events. An entrepreneurship of a more sturdy sort is that of Marvin and Claire Brigham, who retired in 1975 from globe-hopping careers — hers in Try TULI'S® At education, his in civil engineering Our Risk On Our that led from their Midwest roots to Unconditional 30-Day the Marshall Islands, Guyana, Money-Back Guaranteel Ethiopia and Indonesia. On one of their stopovers in the United States Patients wearing TIILI'S TULI'S® Patented they saw a newspaper ad for an apple Soft Waffle Design orchard in the Sierra Nevada foothills. Heel Cups report pain (U.S. Pat. No. 4,179.826) off most sore heels, Absorbs Hundreds arthritic ankles, knees, of Pounds of Shock As It hips, and lower back Cushions Heel relieved or completely Strikel MPLOYERS SAY My flexible, soft-cushioned TULI'S® weigh ellmlnatedl just 1'/^ ounces each— so they don't tire your WORKERS OVER 40 feet, but mold themselves comfortably to "Doc, my feet can't take it any more! It your heel. Yet they instantly cushion and OFFER GREATER feels like someone's jabbing a giant needle absorb all the pressure of all the weight you deep into the bone, every time I take a put on themi They help the bones and PRODUCTIVITY stepi" muscles of your feet function the way nature I used to hear complaints like this from designed them—without unnecessary strain, I AND LOWER patient patient all long. still after day And stress, and paini You walk on hard pavement do— but only from new patientsi Because— as comfortably as if you were luxuriating on ABSENTEEISM. came up with an answer to control or cure deep-pile carpeti the pain. Not by surgery. Or by drugs But by The secret TULI'S® unique, soft waffle going right to the root of the problem that design that absorbs heel shock, spreads it caused the pain—the heel. After 3 years of out from the point of impact, and rebounds "It took everything we had to buy the intensive research and testing. I solved the each time your heel strikes the groundl It place," said Marvin, "but we had it in problem for the majority of my patients— reduces those hundreds of pounds of with shock absorber for your mind for a retirement business." Now a one-ounce pressure to manageable proportions. ..to footi he's 71, she's 68, and the apple orchard reduce the chance of injury as it prevents You see, heel shock can ruin your feet and relieves pain in your heel, your ankle, is a major part of their retirement. And your back And your ankles, knees, hips, your leg. your knee, and backi For "It's the lifestyle we wanted," said or spine, for that matter—as the shock hundreds of my patients, TULI'S® have Claire. "If you just sit still and let life radiates from bone to bone In fact, what helped prevent sore heels and knees, shin surprises me isn't that so many people have splints, and heel spurs And other doctors go by, you die." foot p'oblems— that anyone has but have reported similar success, leading That's mighty close to the truth. mananed to avoid them... without TULI'S.® orthopedic surgeons, podiatrists, and sports The New England Journal of As you walk on ordinary city pavement, medicine specialists recommend TULI'S® to every step you take puts a stress on your their patients Medicine recently reported that male heel equivalent to 3 times your body weight For instant relief from sore heels, spurs, heart-attack patients had four times Run—and the stress goes up to 4 times your shin splints, and leg, knee, hip and back the risk of death if they had high weight, or more And the human bodyjust pain — order TULI'S® today One size fits all — levels of life stress and among the wasn't designed to take that sort of men, women, or children. Atjust S7.88 a — punishment, back before first way man pair, 2 pair for S 14.88, you've never made a frequent victims of life stress were stood up on his two hind legs. bener, more economical investment in the retirees who would rather be working. So what happens? As the day wears on, health of your feetl If you're not sold on second careers, your feet ache and grow more and more When your TULI'S® arrive, wear them at advice of Van Arsdale tired with every step you take. Shooting our risk They must make you feel better consider the pains go up and down your legs Your spine instantly You must feel less fatigued after France, a retiree from the Walt Dis- feels like little invisible men with pliers were the day of walking, running, or standing ney organization who authored twisting and pulling it. And, until now, there Pain and soreness must lessen, day by day, "Career Planning for Senior Adults": was nothing you could do about it—except until they disappear! If you aren't completely stay off your feetl But now, with my satisfied, return your TULI'S® within 30 days, "Your marriage will be better, you'll patented TULI'SS' shock absorbers for your for full refund of your purchase price, less meet new people, and you'll have feet— help is just a heel cup awayl postage and handling—no questions askedl something to talk about." The trend is contagious. Dr. Earl STERLING HOUSE. Sterling Building, N Y State residents add sales tax. Zazove, 61, gave up his medical prac- Dept. THH-8944, Garnerville. N Y 10923-0515 Enclosed is S in- IT: VISA MasterCard tice, then decided to become an YESI I sure would like to stop foot pain and CHARGE leg fatigue in their tracks. Please send the Expires vestment counselor. "I'm amazed by following TULI'S: Card # how many people are surprised that One pair for only S7.88 plus S 1 ,50 postage Name _ I've started a new career," he said. and handling. they say, 'Because SHARE THIS DISCOVERY WITH Address "When I ask why, SOMEONE YOU LOVE, AND SAVEI I'd like to do the same thing.'" City . Two pairs for only S 14.88 plus S2.00 postage and handling. State Zip. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE New, From The Orient! ACCUPRESSURE THERMAL NEW CAR STARTER SUPPORT KNEE PADS PLUGS INTO YOUR CAR'S WITH 32 ACCUPRESSURE MAGNETS! LIGHTER SOCKET WITHOUT Can the ancient Chinese medical art of ACCU- DANGEROUS CABLES! PRESSURE relieve your aching knees? Try these new THERMAL KNEE PADS and see for yourself! One thing for sure—The elastasized Cotton, Nylon and Rubber give extra support. Designed to retain body heat for possible deep down relief to sore joints and muscles. 32 SPECIALLY ALIGNED MAGNETS are sewn into the pad designed by Accupressure Specialists to help promote circu- lation and possible relief of muscular aches and pain! Machine Washable. All heavy-duty stitching for long wear. No. 3171—Accupressure Knee Pads $9.95 QUANTITY DISCOUNT! 2 Pads ONLY 17.99 JUMP YOUR CAR RIGHT POWER PLUNGER FROM THE DRIVER'S SEAT! No need to mess around under the hood — now BLASTS OPEN STOPPED UP there's a better way! Battery too weak to start? Jump it . . . just plug into your car's lighter SINKS, DRAINS & receptacle — other end plugs into car with good TUBS FASTI battery — in a few seconds, you're on your way! Has a big 16 foot cable with built-in heavy duty fuse. NOW ONLY... No. 1118—Car Starter $9.99 Special Price For 2 . . . ONLY 17.95 This POWER PLUNGER clears stopped up sinks in seconds! 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Gives a beautiful, round cut even to normal SPECIAL: 2 for $8.88 around those sensitive spots. toenails — fingernails too! No. 3167—Spring Action Toenail Trimmer $2.98 Save More! 2 for 4.99 2345 Post Road, Dept200BALarchmont, N.Y. 10538 RUSH the items ordered below on 30 DAY TRIAL TRY OUR HIGH QUALITY ASTRAUTE DIAMOND — complete satisfaction GUARANTEED or my money back (except postage & handling) my pay- RINGS IN 14KT G.P. FOR 30 DAYS AT NO RISK! ment is enclosed including 1.75 for postage & handling, (sorry no C.O.D.). OUAN. SIZE ITEM NO. DESCRIPTION PRICE SHIPPING & HANDLING 1 75 N.Y. Residents Must Add Sales Tax BLUE MOON with marquise cut Total Enclosed TIMELESS LOVE—Ladies ... the COUNT— Heavy beveled pure psuedo sapphire center and 12 For FASTER U.P.S. Delivery Use Street Address classic, wedding & engagement ELECTROPLATE "sapphire blue" stones. Ac- 14 KARAT GOLD & Apt. # set. cented with 14 ASTRALITES. 11 spectacular ASTRALITES setting Massive center stone. 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You may Find out all the details. never again have to replace a light bulb in your FREE Fill in the coupon home when you use a Microchip LIFE Trial JEM LAMP Home below and mail to us. EXTENDER. Safe and easy to apply, the JEM can be Longest used with any standard bulb up to 300 W to extend it's Warranty useful life at least 50 times and possibly up to 100 times. You save money by not buying new light bulbs, you save electrical energy and you do not have to worry 1^800-255-4147 Send me free about repeatedly changing light bulbs. details of your DEPT AL-285 SAVE TIME push-butlon sfviiir-GLiDE AND MONEY P O. BOX 1064 CORPOMTION stairlift quickly. A 60 watt bulb with an average life of 1 ,000 hours will Bl£;!KE MISSION, KS 66202 burn for 50,000 hours..or 24 hours a day for over 2,000 Name days...or over S'/? years of constant illumination. You may never change a light bulb again! Address. 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Min. order only 150 pes. WRITE FOR FREE LITERATURE irxl4"-$28.45 Includes UPS Write today for {{_ Andrew Fuller Co. Dept. "^free price list. 6052, 170 N.Pascal, Box 2071-L. Pawt.RI 02861 St. Paul, MN 55104 • 612/644-4666 — KB — Brochure $1.00 (rejundable) SPECIALTIES \ 16917 Clark Ave., Dept. AL WINDWATCH^" P-O Box 1703 LEGIONNAIRES $3995 Bellflower, Cal. ANEMOMETER—WIND VANE 1^ 90706-1703 SURVIVAL (213)866-3725 BOOT KNIFE MEN'S WIDE SHOES ONLY Extra w/idtti tor men wtio need it, in excellent variety, styling Add $1.05 Hndl, and quality. Available only ttirougti our FREE CATALOG, Model Neon \\gh\s in Indoor indicator shiow wind speed and direction. Send for it! K-99A Decorative indicator wittt gold dial designed for desk or wall mount. Outdoor instruments of durable aluminum witfi electri- Double edge 440 stainless cal parts enclosed in rigid vinyl ttousings. Easy to assemble steel blade. Full tang one and install. Attacti directly to roof or pole. Comes witti wire and piece construction. Leattier materials for installation up to 60 feet. Uses regular 120V AC. stieatti witti quick release Unique low amp circuit for absolute safety. A fascinating snap and metal boot/belt home addition. Five year limited guarantee. 1 5 day trial. Satis- clip. Money Back Guaranteed faction or money back. Only 39.95 plus $2.50 stipg. Ctieck, II Not Fully SatisliBd" Visa/Mast. Ctig. Give Number and Expiration Date. Imme- HITCHCOCK SHOES, INC. WESTBURY SALES CO., Dept. BK-2-AL diate Delivery. Dept. 5B, Hingham, 02043 373 Maple Avenue, Westbury, New York 11!i90 MA WINDWATCH MFG s:!;')Jli.nto,\r.S 68 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Whenyourknees FREE CATALOG OF AMERICA'S MOST COMFORTABLE SHOES go bad.. .yoiiVe Wright Arch Preserver Shoes We GUARANTEE perfect fit by mail .Widths AAA to EEE. in trouble! Sizes 6 to 16 Wide style selection Unequalled comfort • 107 years of fine Now thanks to Coach "Cotton'' Barlow, slioemaking Executive Shoes, Dept. 585, Box E there's an answer! Rockland, MA 02370 Send FREE catalog of Wright Arch Preserver Shoes. Lightweight non-metal construction allows full Custom form fitting pad range of motion and can design prevents slipping be comfortably worn for and affords maximum hours. Address mobility and comfort. City State Zip Patented material Improves knee Insulates, 5 Wheat Pennies function and warms and relieves soothes knee discomfort. joint. Adds strength and Comes In 5 different stability directly to sizes to ensure where support and proper fit for either protection Is needed knee. Nobody knows more about crippling knee So comfortable you can wear it for pain, stiffness and strain than "Cotton" hours and non-allergenic too. Choose Barlow. from five sizes for your perfect fit. LAST OF THE WHEAT PENNIES. (1909 tO The veteran football coach has seen NO RISK OFFER 1958). FREE price list Of U.S. coins and plenty of it in his years on and off the We urge you to try Coach Barlow's remark- some coins to examine for purchase. field. able knee support for 30 days. If it doesn't NO Obligation to buy. UMir 1 set. He's also discovered that ordinary knee bring you pain-free relief, we'll refund your ADULTS ONLY . Satisfaction guaranteed. supports and elastic bandages just can't purchase price without question. do the job. So he finally set to work to find Don't let the pain and anxiety of "bad" Village Coin Shop, inc., Dept. A a way to add strength and stability di- knees get you down. Order today. Specify Plaistow, NH 03865 rectly to the joint where support and pro- size in coupon below. tection are needed most. WHAT MEN AND WOMEN FOR PEOPLE OF ALL AGES OF ALL AGES SAY: Tbday, thanks to his unique invention, thou- "I'm 80 years old and certainly not an athlete . . . sands of men, women and children of all ages hut now I can garden again and be active 'cause I wear your brace." L.W, Otonto Falls, WI lead active, pain -free lives despite serious bath again knee problems. "At first 1 wasn't sure . , . now I want a brace for fJ^Enjoy your the other knee. I've had knee problems for the last Coach Barlow's fantastic invention 5 years. I only wish I had known of this brace 5 with the uses no metal yet it provides maximum years ago. I'm so grateful. Thank you." TtDBMKTE lateral and cap support. This incredibly J.N. Hartwell. GA lightweight support absorbs shocks and "This support is a great help to me. I could prevents twisting. And the BARLOW"' hardly get around before I got it. Thank knee support provides soothing warmth you." A.J. Springfield, OR &Tubmate Is the portable to injurea or arthritic joints. water-powered bath lift © 1985 BARLOW INC. that lets you enjoy your bath again without BARLOW " INC., Dept. AL025 Its smooth lifting and assistance, 406 So. Ella, Sandpoint, Idaho 83864 lowering action gently assists you in getting inand out of Enclosed please find $ for _ BARLOW knee supports. your tub. One BARLOW knee support $19.95plus $1.50 Shpg. & Hdlg. Two BARLOW knee supports $39.90 plus $2.50 Shpg. & Hdlg. Enclosed is my Check Money Order or Charge my Visa Mastercard. For complete details fill in coupon and mail to us at: Credit Card Customers call NOW! Toll Free 1-800-824-7888 Operator #115 AMERICAN STAIR-GLIDE CORP. Card No Exp. Date 138th St., P.O. Box B Dept. ALQ-0285, 4001 E. FOR CORRECT SIZE Grandview, MO 64030 Measure around the knee, one inch above the knee cap. CIRCLE ONE (SM under 15") (MED 15" to under 17") (LG 17" to under 19") (XL 19" to under 21") (XXL 21" and over). If in doubt, send exact measurement . Address (circle one) Mr./Mrs./Ms. city State ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP . When tn Sandpoint, visit Barlow Inc. FEBRUARY 1985 ,J 2OUR HEALTH WINNING THE BUNCH of guys are sitting around a table playing poker in a crowded room. Once in a 'COLD WAR' A while, someone sneezes or whips out a tissue to wipe his nose. A lot of the guys seem to be suffering from bad colds, but that doesn't stop the dealing. This room is at the University of Wisconsin, and it's the setting for a research experiment on one of the toughest problems facing modern biomedical science — the common cold. The research done in these non-stop poker games has produced what seems to be one of the few real advances made in cold prevention. The ordinary cold, the kind that you or your kids might get two or three times a year, is a challenge that makes one researcher say quite seriously, "I'd have less trouble if we were treat- ing cancer." The challenge is so de- manding that until a year or two ago, progress in efforts to prevent or cure colds was essentially nil. Now, how- ever, thanks to some basic advances in medical technology and basic research, there really is some hope that some- thing can be done to stop the sneezes and sniffles afflicting millions of Amer- icans every year. Why should the common cold be such a tough nut to crack? One reason, paradoxically, is that it isn't a very serious illness. Colds are self-limiting diseases that cause discomfort and in- convenience but not much more. That means doctors can't roll out heavy guns that might cause side effects more serious than the illness. "The common cold is so benign as an illness that we need something very mild to treat it," said Dr. Robert Couch, a researcher at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. A second major problem is the cold The common cold is still alive but not well. isn't really a single illness. That prob- Re- lem explains why we don't have a search using poker games and treated tissue vaccine to prevent it. Researchers thought they were near a vaccine may provide a breakthrough . . . at last. about 30 years ago when they iden- tified a virus called an adenovirus, be- lieved to be the cause of colds. By Edward Edelson But other researchers found another cold virus, a rhinovirus. Then they more than a hundred rhinoviruses and about 60 percent of the estimated 100 discovered dozens of adenoviruses, then came the coronaviruses, the million colds that occur yearly in the parainfluenza viruses, the echoviruses United States. Nobody could ever Edward Edelson, science editor of the and the respiratory syncytial vir- hope to get that many viruses into a New York Daily News, specializes in uses. . . . Add up all the known cold single vaccine, so that research led to articles about science and medicine. viruses and you can account for only a dead end. 70 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE a Generating a revival of Merrigan of Stanford Univerity hope is a set of completely showed that an interferon nasal spray different strategies. One could prevent colds in volunteers. of them, pioneered in the Back then, though, interferon was ex- Wisconsin poker games, is pensive and scarce because it had to to prevent viruses from be extracted from human cells. Today, spreading by some cheap genetic engineers can make it literally convenient method — a tis- by the bucketful at low prices. But sue treated with a virus- other problems surfaced when re- killing substance. A second searchers used interferon nasal sprays line of assault is to attack to combat colds. cold viruses by using one of "We're one of two or three groups the new natural substances, working with interferon, and we all such as interferon, the came up with the same answer," said body's own virus-killer. A Couch. "Given in high doses, it is very third idea is to use other effective in preventing colds. But in natural substances to elim- three to five days, unacceptable side inate the bothersome effects appear. In effect, interferon symptoms of a cold after causes the same effects as the cold infection occurs. virus without the virus being there." The first idea, the Gwaltney and colleague Dr. Freder- treated tissue, is furthest ick G. Hayden are trying a different along, thanks to the poker tack. They use interferon to treat games organized by Dr. rather than prevent colds. Thus far, Elliot C. Dick, a professor they have been able to show that in- of preventive medicine at terferon reduces the amount of virus the University of Wiscon- shed by cold patients, but the effects sin. Dick said those games on symptoms have been less impres- were the first successful sive. Nosedrops seem to work better effort to do something that than the nasal spray, Gwaltney said, seems simple, but is really so research has focused on them. fiendishly difficult — pass a cold from dinary citric acid on the tissues. In A longer-term effort is to determine one person to another under scien- two controlled tests, the treated tis- how a cold virus actually causes the tificallly controlled conditions. sues prevented colds from spreading miseries. Gwaltney started by looking "Until we devised this, there was no from the infected poker players to the at the lining of the nose. To his great way to predict the transmission of healthy ones. surprise, rhinoviruses had almost no colds from one person to another," Kimberly-Clark is already test- effect there. Dick said. "With the help of the marketing treated tissues, but Dick "The virus most likely acts as a Kimberly-Clark Corporation, we de- wants more proof of their effective- trigger," he said. "Then the body re- vised an environment where individu- als who had been given a rhinovirus cold in the laboratory were put to- gether with other individuals who MOTHER line of attack is to use natural were healthy and susceptible." substances such as interferon—the body's What better way to keep volunteers together for 12 hours than to have A own virus killer— to treat rather than to them play poker — for keeps? (No one wins more than $20, and the losers prevent common colds. aren't out of pocket, so everyone ends up reasonably happy.) Three times, Dick put 8 infected men together with ness. "What we're working on now is a leases inflammatory substances, such 12 healthy volunteers, and recorded a series of experiments to see how colds as histamines, that cause the symp- 70 percent rate of successful cold are transmitted, then controlled toms" to develop. transmission. studies in a series of famihes," he said. Histamine itself isn't the answer. If The payoff was doing the same ex- "We'll start with youngsters, see what it were, today's antihistamines would periment, but having the volunteers viruses they have, and see if we can give better relief than they do. Many use what Dick calls "viricidal tissues." stop their transmission." researchers are directing their atten- The first such tissues were soaked in Dr. Jack M. Gwaltney Jr., a leading tion to recently discovered substances iodine, known to kill viruses on con- cold researcher at the University of called leukotrienes, which act like his- tact. They seemed to work fine — Virginia School of Medicine, is par- tamine only more so. A drug that cold epidemic in the Antarctic ended ticipating in tests of the viricidal tis- blocks leukotriene activity could be quickly when a supply of treated tis- sue. But he and his colleagues also are one answer to the common cold, sues was flown in — but they weren't a working on an even more intriguing Gwaltney said. commercial reality because they attack — interferon against the cold. "But I think we'll end up with a stained hands and noses brown. As far back as 1973, interferon, combination of things — interferon, A breakthrough came when Shafi which the body's cells produce to fight antileukotrienes, and so on," Gwaltney Hossain, the chief scientist at virus infections, was the final answer said. "All working together, they Kimberly-Clark, suggested using or- to the cold. That year. Dr. Thomas could be very effective." FEBRUARY 1985 71 PARTING SHOTS Opinion on Opinions The value of an opinion depends on whether it's candid or candied. —Frank Walsh Definition Hypochondria: Sick-to-it-iveness —Frank Tyger What's a Man To Do? A househusband makes a living by the sweat of his frau. — Tony Martini Discriminating Viewers Youth is when television keeps you up; age is when it puts you to sleep. —Gil Stem "My bill proposes the government go bankrupt and start over." Sign of Antiquity A friend's car was so old that when he sent his money in for new license plates, the motor vehicle department Indeed Test of Faith sent him uppers and lowers. — George E. Bergman There'd be more friends in need Faith is what enables you to believe I have concluded sadly. the next bus that comes along is the If when a friend was needed one you're waiting for. It wasn't quite so badly. — Ge)ie Delaine Definition —S.H. Dewhurst Censor: One-man ban. —Ernest Lyon Growing Pains Watt Light? Adolescence has always meant Of course children brighten up a growing pains, but it used to be the kids home. They never turn out the lights. who had them. —Jrv Silverstein —Ivem Ball Better Left Closed Frozen in Time We still remember the good old days Nothing is opened more often by when a pie was set out to • • not mistake than the mouth. cool to thaw! —Rilla May — C.L. Rosnett Immaterial When she made herself a skimpy skirt Recommended Dosage It just took her an hour to do it. Flattery should be taken like per- She certainly hit the nail on the head fume: in small amounts and absolutely When she said there was nothing to it. never swallowed. —Hans G. 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