Earth Moving

November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

SECTION 312000 - EARTH MOVING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Excavating and filling for rough grading the Site. 2. Preparing subgrades for pavements, and turf and grasses. 3. Base course and subbase course for asphalt paving. 4. Excavating and backfilling trenches for utilities.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. Backfill: Soil material used to fill an excavation.

1. Initial Backfill: Backfill placed beside and over pipe in a trench, including haunches to support sides of pipe. 2. Final Backfill: Backfill placed over initial backfill to fill a trench.

B. Bedding Course: Aggregate layer placed over the excavated subgrade in a trench before laying pipe.

C. Borrow Soil: Satisfactory soil imported from off-site for use as fill or backfill.

D. Excavation: Removal of material encountered above subgrade elevations and to lines and dimensions indicated.

1. Authorized Additional Excavation: Excavation below subgrade elevations or beyond indicated lines and dimensions as directed by Engineer. Authorized additional excavation and replacement material will be paid for according to Contract provisions for changes in the Work. 2. Unauthorized Excavation: Excavation below subgrade elevations or beyond indicated lines and dimensions without direction by Engineer. Unauthorized excavation, as well as remedial work directed by Engineer, shall be without additional compensation.

E. Fill: Soil materials used to raise existing grades.

F. Structures: Underground structures and curbs.

G. Subbase Course: Aggregate layer placed between the subgrade and hot-mix asphalt pavement base course.

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H. Subgrade: Uppermost surface of an excavation or the top surface of a fill or backfill immediately below subbase, drainage fill, drainage course, or topsoil materials.

I. Utilities: On-site underground pipes and conduits.

1.3 INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS

A. Material test reports.

B. Sieve Analysis.

C. Compaction test report.

1.4 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. Utility Locator Service: Notify utility locator service for area where Project is located before beginning earth-moving operations.

B. Do not commence earth-moving operations until plant-protection measures and erosion control measures are in place.

1.5 DRAINAGE AND DEWATERING

A. The contractor shall provide, at his own expense, adequate pumping and drainage facilities to keep excavated area sufficiently dry from groundwater and/or surface runoff so as not to adversely affect construction procedures or cause excessive disturbance of underlying natural ground or excavation bottom.

B. The contractor shall grade and ditch the site as necessary to direct surface runoff away from open excavations and subgrade surfaces. Positive drainage (minimum 1.0% slope) shall be maintained at all times.

C. Water from trenches and excavations shall be disposed of in such manner as will not cause injury to public health nor to public or private property, nor to existing work, nor to the work completed or in progress, nor to the surface of roads, walks, and streets, nor cause any interference with the use of the same by the public. The method of disposal of pump effluent shall not cause erosion or siltation.

D. Under no circumstances place fill, or install piping and appurtenances in excavations containing free water.

E. There shall be sufficient pumping equipment, in good working order, available at all times to remove water.

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F. Where, in opinion of the testing laboratory, pumping of excavations is not effective in maintaining a dry firm subgrade, other dewatering methods acceptable to the testing Laboratory, shall be employed. This may include the use of well points or deep well dewatering.

1.6 FROST PROTECTION

A. Do not excavate to subgrade when freezing temperatures may be expected.

B. Frozen material shall not be placed as fill or backfill.

1.7 SHORING AND SHEETING

A. Provide shoring, sheeting and/or bracing at excavations, as required, to prevent collapse of earth at side of excavations in accordance with local, state and federal regulations.

B. Remove sheeting and shoring and the like, as backfilling operation progress, taking all necessary precautions to prevent collapse of excavation sides.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 SOIL MATERIALS

A. General: Provide borrow soil materials when sufficient satisfactory soil materials are not available from excavations.

B. Subbase Course: Shall conform to MassDOT M2.01.7 Dense Graded Crushed Stone for Subbase

C. Bedding Sand: Shall conform to MassDOT M1.04.1 Sand Borrow, or pipe manufacturer’s recommendations.

D. ¾ Inch Crushed Stone: Shall conform to MassDOT M2.01.4.

E. 1 ½ inch Crushed Stone: Shall conform to MassDOT M2.01.1.

2.2 BACKFILL MATERIAL

A. On Site material for use in compacted backfill shall be natural, inorganic, granular soil, taken from areas of excavation after stripping of topsoil and removal of unsuitable material. On site material may only be used as backfill in landscaped areas.

B. Material containing organic matter, topsoil, organic silt, peat, or soft or frost susceptible soil is unsuitable for any of the following uses: 1. Backfill beneath pavement and within 5 ft. of subgrade

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2. Bearing strata material 3. Bedding

C. Backfill materials shall be free from rock greater than 8 in. in diameter or length, having largest dimension greater than ¾ lift thickness, or greater than ½ cf in volume, and foreign matter, such as construction debris, trash, wood, roots, leaves, sod, organic matter, or soft clay and silt. Backfill shall be clean, non-organic material, of non-swelling character, capable of being readily compacted to form a solid, stable embankment. Material containing ice or frozen lumps shall not be employed.

D. Backfill material shall be well graded within the specified limits. Gradation of materials shall be determined in accordance with ASTM C 136.

1. Granular Fill (for over-excavation) shall be sand-gravel mixture, graded within the following limits:

Sieve Size % Passing by Weight

1 – ½ in. 100 No. 4 20-60 No. 40 10-35 No. 200 0-8

2. ¾ inch Crushed Stone (for utilities) shall be gravel, crushed quarry rock or crushed gravel, from off-site source graded within the following limits:

Sieve Size % Passing by Weight

1 in. 100 ¾ in. 90-100 3/8 in. 20-55 No. 4 0-10 No. 8 0-5

3. 1 ½” inch Crushed Stone (for access drive) shall be gravel, crushed quarry rock or crushed gravel, from off-site source graded within the following limits:

Sieve Size % Passing by Weight

2 in. 100 1 1/2 in. 95-100 1 in. 35-70 ¾ in. 0-25

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4. Common Fill (in Landscape areas) shall be bankrun sand, gravel, or mixture thereof graded within the following limits.

Sieve Size % Passing by Weight

6 in. 100 No. 4 30-95 No. 200 0-15

5. Dense-graded Crushed Stone (for Subbase) shall consist of inert material that is hard, durable stone and coarse sand, free from loam and clay, surface coating and deleterious material. Gradation requirement for gravel shall be determined by MassDOT M2.01.7 and shall conform to the following limits.

Sieve Size % Passing by Weight

2 in. 100 1- 1/2 in. 70-100 ¾ in. 50-85 No. 4 30-55 No. 50 8-24 No. 200 3-10

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Protect structures, utilities, pavements, and other facilities from damage caused by settlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout, and other hazards created by earth-moving operations.

B. Protect and maintain erosion and sedimentation controls during earth-moving operations.

C. Protect subgrade soils from freezing temperatures and frost. Remove temporary protection before placing subsequent materials.

3.2 EXCAVATION, GENERAL

A. Unclassified Excavation: Excavate to subgrade elevations regardless of the character of surface and subsurface conditions encountered. Unclassified excavated materials may include rock, soil materials, and obstructions. No changes in the Contract Sum or the Contract Time will be authorized for rock excavation or removal of obstructions.

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3.3 EXCAVATION FOR PAVEMENTS

A. Excavate surfaces under pavements to indicated lines, cross sections, elevations, and subgrades.

B. Subgrades should be cleared of asphalt, vegetation, stump and debris and grubbed, and any loose, wet, organic, or other unsuitable materials should be removed and replaced with compacted Processed Gravel or Reclaimed Pavement Borrow Material. After clearing and removal of unsuitable materials the subgrade should be proof-rolled.

C. Backfill should not be placed over a subgrade with standing water or that is frozen. Standing water, if any, should be removed and any soft and yielding soil should be removed and allowed to dry prior to backfill placement. If the subgrade is frozen it should be thawed and recompacted prior to placement of backfill.

D. Proof-rolling shall consist of at least 6 passes of 10 ton vibrating drum compactor. Any soft or loose zones or rutting identified by the proof-rolling shall be evaluated by excavation and replaced with compacted Processed Gravel or Reclaimed Pavement Borrow Material, as necessary.

3.4 EXCAVATION FOR UTILITY TRENCHES

A. Excavate trenches to indicated gradients, lines, depths, and elevations.

B. Excavate trenches to uniform widths to provide the following clearance on each side of pipe or conduit. Excavate trench walls vertically from trench bottom to 12 inches higher than top of pipe or conduit unless otherwise indicated.

1. Clearance: 12 inches each side of pipe unless otherwise indicated.

C. Trench Bottoms: Excavate and shape trench bottoms to provide uniform bearing and support of pipes and conduit. Shape subgrade to provide continuous support for bells, joints, and barrels of pipes and for joints, fittings, and bodies of conduits. Remove projecting stones and sharp objects along trench subgrade.

1. Excavate trenches 6 inches deeper than elevation required to allow for bedding course where required.

3.5 SUBGRADE INSPECTION

A. Proof-roll subgrade below pavements with a vibrating drum compactor, or other equipment acceptable to the engineer, to identify soft pockets and areas of excess yielding. Do not proof- roll wet or saturated subgrades.

B. Reconstruct subgrades damaged by freezing temperatures, frost, rain, accumulated water, or construction activities, as directed by Engineer, without additional compensation.

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November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

3.6 UNAUTHORIZED EXCAVATION

A. Fill unauthorized excavation under structures as directed by Engineer or authority having jurisdiction.

3.7 STORAGE OF SOIL MATERIALS

A. Stockpile borrow soil materials and excavated satisfactory soil materials without intermixing. Place, grade, and shape stockpiles to drain surface water. Cover to prevent windblown dust.

1. Stockpile soil materials away from edge of excavations. Do not store within drip line of remaining trees.

3.8 UTILITY TRENCH BACKFILL

A. Place backfill on subgrades free of mud, frost, snow, or ice.

B. Place and compact bedding course on trench bottoms and where indicated. Shape bedding course to provide continuous support for bells, joints, and barrels of pipes and for joints, fittings, and bodies of conduits.

C. Initial Backfill: Place and compact initial backfill of approved pipe bedding or satisfactory soil to a minimum height of 6 inches over the pipe or conduit, unless otherwise indicated.

1. Carefully compact initial backfill under pipe haunches and compact evenly up on both sides and along the full length of piping or conduit to avoid damage or displacement of piping or conduit. Coordinate backfilling with utilities testing.

D. Final Backfill: Place and compact final backfill of satisfactory soil to final subgrade elevation.

E. Warning Tape: Install warning tape directly above utilities, 12 inches below finished grade,

3.9 SOIL FILL

A. Plow, scarify, bench, or break up sloped surfaces steeper than 1 vertical to 4 horizontal so fill material will bond with existing material.

B. Place and compact fill material in layers to required elevations as follows:

1. Under grass and planted areas, use satisfactory soil material. 2. Under pavements, use base course or material approved by engineered.

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3.10 SOIL MOISTURE CONTROL

A. Uniformly moisten or aerate subgrade and each subsequent fill or backfill soil layer before compaction to within 2 percent of optimum moisture content.

1. Do not place backfill or fill soil material on surfaces that are muddy, frozen, or contain frost or ice. 2. Remove and replace, or scarify and air dry, otherwise satisfactory soil material that exceeds optimum moisture content by 2 percent and is too wet to compact to specified dry unit weight.

3.11 COMPACTION OF SOIL BACKFILLS AND FILLS

A. Place backfill and fill soil materials in layers not more than 12 inches in loose depth for material compacted by heavy compaction equipment and not more than 6 inches in loose depth for material compacted by hand-operated tampers.

B. Place backfill and fill soil materials evenly on all sides of structures to required elevations and uniformly along the full length of each structure.

C. Compact soil materials to not less than the following percentages of maximum dry density according to ASTM D 1557:

COMPACTION TABLE

Max. Compacted Compaction of Each Area or Structure Thickness Per Lift – in. Lift Minimum %

Above pipe cover to subgrade 8 95

Landscape area or area Not otherwise noted 12 87

Manhole, or similar structure, And within a min. of 2 ft. horizontally 6 95

Pavement, including 1 ft. beyond edge 12 95

Utilities trench, Pipe Cover 8 95

3.12 GRADING

A. General: Uniformly grade areas to a smooth surface, free of irregular surface changes. Comply with compaction requirements and grade to cross sections, lines, and elevations indicated.

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B. Site Rough Grading: Slope grades to direct water away from buildings and to prevent ponding. Finish subgrades to elevations required to achieve indicated finish elevations, within the following subgrade tolerances:

1. Turf or Unpaved Areas: Plus or minus 1 inch. 2. Pavements: Plus or minus ½ inch.

3.13 SUBBASE AND BASE COURSES UNDER PAVEMENTS

A. Place base course and subbase course on subgrades free of mud, frost, snow, or ice.

B. On prepared subgrade, place base course and subbase course under pavements as follows:

1. Shape base course and subbase course to required crown elevations and cross-slope grades. 2. Place base course and subbase course in compacted thickness in layers of equal thickness, with no compacted layer more than 8 inches thick or less than 4 inches thick. 3. Compact base course and subbase course at optimum moisture content to required grades, lines, cross sections, and thickness to not less than ninety-five (95) percent of maximum dry density according to ASTM D 1557.

3.14 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. The Owner reserves the right to retain a Testing Laboratory (TL), to perform on site observation and testing during the following phases of the construction operations. The services of the TL may include, but not limited to the following: 1. Observation during excavation and replacement of existing fill. 2. Observation during placement and compaction of fills. 3. Laboratory testing and analysis of fill and bedding materials specified, as required. 4. Observe construction and perform water content, gradation, and compaction tests at a frequency and at locations determined by the TL. The result of these tests will be submitted to the Engineer, copy to the Contractor, on a timely basis so that the contractor can take such action as is required to remedy indicated deficiencies. During the course of construction, the TL will advise the Engineer in writing with copy to Contractor if, at any time, in his opinion, the work is not in substantial conformity with the Contract Documents. 5. Observation of fills following interruption by rains or other inclement weather.

B. Perform field density tests in accordance with ASTM D 1556 or D 3017 with no extra cost to the Owner. 1. Make at least one field density test of the subgrade for every 2000 sf of paved area, but in no case less than three tests. 2. In each compacted fill layer, make one field density test for every 2000 sf of overlay paved areas, but in no case less than three tests.

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C. The Testing Laboratory’s presence does not include supervision or direction of the actual work by the Contractor, his employees, or agents. Neither the present of the TL, not any observations and testing performed by his shall excuse the Contractor from defects discovered in his work.

D. The Owner reserves the right to modify or waive Testing Laboratory services.

E. When testing agency reports that subgrades, fills, or backfills have not achieved degree of compaction specified, scarify and moisten or aerate, or remove and replace soil materials to depth required; recompact and retest until specified compaction is obtained.

F. Testing of soil shall be in accordance with the following:

Property ASTM Test Method

Particle-size Analysis D 422

Liquid Limit D 4318

Plasticity Index D 4318

3.15 PROTECTION

A. Protecting Graded Areas: Protect newly graded areas from traffic, freezing, and erosion. Keep free of trash and debris.

B. Repair and reestablish grades to specified tolerances where completed or partially completed surfaces become eroded, rutted, settled, or where they lose compaction due to subsequent construction operations or weather conditions.

C. Where settling occurs before Project correction period elapses, remove finished surfacing, backfill with additional soil material, compact, and reconstruct surfacing.

1. Restore appearance, quality, and condition of finished surfacing to match adjacent work, and eliminate evidence of restoration to greatest extent possible.

3.16 DISPOSAL OF SURPLUS AND WASTE MATERIALS

A. Remove surplus satisfactory soil and waste materials, including unsatisfactory soil, trash, and debris, and legally dispose of them off Owner's property.

END OF SECTION 312000

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SECTION 312500

EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL

PART 1 – GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes 1. Installation of temporary and permanent erosion and sedimentation control systems. 2. Installation of temporary and permanent slope protection systems.

B. Related Sections 1. Section 312000 – Earth Moving 2. Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan 3. Construction Drawings 4. Construction Storm Water Details

1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Protect adjacent buildings, and receiving water resources from erosion and sediment damage until final stabilization is achieved. All storm water controls and systems must be installed & functioning as designed and free of accumulated sediment and debris before final project approval.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. Seed, sod, and ground covers for the establishment of vegetation in accordance with landscaping specification Section 329000.

B. All erosion control products sediment control devices or materials for non-storm water BMPs as specified herein and on the Construction Drawings.

C. Rolled erosion control products according to Erosion Control Technology Council (ECTC) standard specifications.

D. Temporary mulches such as loose straw, wood cellulose, or agricultural silage.

E. Temporary Straw Wattle.

F. Silt Sack.

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PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Review the drawings and Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan.

B. Revise SWPPP as necessary to address potential pollution from site identified after issuance of the SWPPP at no additional cost to owner.

3.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL AND SLOPE PROTECTION IMPLEMENTATION

A. Place erosion and sediment control systems in accordance with the drawings and Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan or as may be dictated by site conditions in order to maintain the intent of the specifications and permits.

B. The Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan and Site Maps shall be corrected or modified as site conditions change. Contractor must obtain approval from Owner’s Engineer prior to modifying or substituting Best Management Practices. Changes during construction shall be noted in the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan and posted on the drawings.

C. Owner has authority to limit surface area of erodible earth material exposed by clearing and grubbing, excavation, borrow and embankment operations and to direct Contractor to provide immediate permanent or temporary pollution control measures.

D. Maintain erosion and sedimentation control systems as dictated by site conditions, indicated in the construction documents, or as directed by governing authorities or Owner to control sediment until final stabilization. Contractor shall respond to maintenance or additional work ordered by Owner or governing authorities immediately, but in no case, within not more than 48 hours at no additional cost to the Owner.

E. Contractor shall incorporate permanent erosion control features, paving, and vegetation into project at earliest practical time to minimize need for temporary controls.

F. Permanently planting and mulch cut and fill slopes as construction proceeds to extent considered desirable and practical.

G. Disturbed areas that will not be graded or actively worked for a period of 7 days or more, shall be temporarily stabilized as work progresses with vegetation or other acceptable means in accordance with Section 312000 unless otherwise specified in the Contract Documents. In the event it is not practical to seed areas, slopes must be stabilized with mulch and tackifier, bonded fiber matrix, netting, blankets or other means to reduce the erosive potential of the area.

END OF SECTION

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November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

SECTION 321216 - ASPHALT PAVING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Cold milling of existing asphalt pavement. 2. Hot-mix asphalt patching. 3. Hot-mix asphalt paving. 4. Hot-mix asphalt overlay.

B. Related Requirements:

1. Section 312000 "Earth Moving" for subgrade preparation, fill material, unbound- aggregate subbase and base courses, and aggregate pavement shoulders.

1.2 ACTION SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product.

B. Compaction test report.

1.3 INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS

A. Material Certificates: For each paving material. Include statement that mixes containing recycled materials will perform equal to mixes produced from all new materials.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Manufacturer Qualifications: A paving-mix manufacturer registered with and approved by MassDOT.

B. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with materials, workmanship, and other applicable requirements of MassDOT for asphalt paving work.

1. Measurement and payment provisions and safety program submittals included in standard specifications do not apply to this Section.

1.5 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Weather Limitations:

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November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

1. Apply tack coat when ambient or base surface temperature is above 40 F, and when temperature has been above 35 F for 12 hours immediately prior to application. Do not apply when base is wet, contains excess moisture, during rain, or when frozen. 2. Construct asphalt concrete paving when ambient temperature is above 40 F.

B. Maintain access for vehicular and pedestrian traffic as required for other construction activities. Utilize temporary striping, flagmen, barricades, warning signs, and warning lights as required.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 AGGREGATES

A. Coarse Aggregate: Shall meet the requirements of MassDOT M3.11.04.A Coarse Aggregate.

B. Fine Aggregate: Shall meet the requirements of MassDOT M3.11.04.B Fine Aggregate.

C. Mineral Filler: Shall meet the requirements of MassDOT M3.11.05 Mineral Filler.

2.2 ASPHALT MATERIALS

A. Asphalt Binder and Top Course: Shall be Class 1 asphaltic concrete conforming to Sections 420, 460, and M3 of the MassDOT Standard Specifications.

B. Tack Coat: Emulsified asphalt; AASHTO M140 Grade RS-1 or AASHTO M208, SS-1h, CSS-1, or CSS-1h, or conforming to Section M3.03.1 of the MassDOT Standard Specifications, may be diluted with up to 1 part water to 1 part asphalt.

C. Mineral Filler: Shall consist of approved Portland Cement, limestone dust, hydrated lime, stone float or stone dust conforming to Section M3.11.05 of the MassDOT Standard Specifications.

2.3 AUXILIARY MATERIALS

A. Recycled Materials for Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixes: Shall meet the requirements of MassDOT M3.11.0 Class I Bituminous Concrete.

2.4 MIXES

Asphalt concrete shall be a standard plant-mixed, hot-laid paving material for road work, consisting of clean, crushed rock aggregate, mineral filler, and asphalt equal to Class I, Type I, in accordance with MHD Specifications Section M 3.11.03, except as modified herein. The master range composition tolerances for bituminous concrete materials shall be as follows:

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Table A (As Modified)

Percent by Weight Passing Square Opening Sieves

Standard Sieve Size Binder Course Top Course

1 in. 100

¾ in, 80-100

5/8 in. 100

½ in. 55-75 95-100

3/8 in. 80-100

No. 4 28-50 50-76

No. 8 20-38 37-49

No. 16 26-40

No. 30 8-22 17-29

No. 50 5-15 10-21

No. 100 5-16

No. 200 0-5 2-7

Bitumen 4.5-5.5 5.6-7.0

1.0 For dense mix the maximum aggregate size allowable shall be 3/8 in.

2.0 Binder course paving for roadways shall have maximum aggregate size passing 1 in. sieve, and bitumen content of 5% +/- ½% by weight.

3.0 Top course paving for roadways shall have maximum aggregate size passing 5/8 in. sieve, and bitumen content of 6.5% +/- ½% by weight.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 COLD MILLING

A. Clean existing pavement surface of loose and deleterious material immediately before cold milling. Remove existing asphalt pavement by cold milling to grades and cross sections indicated.

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1. Mill to a depth of 1 inch to limits shown on the Contract Drawings.

3.2 PATCHING

A. Asphalt Pavement: Saw cut perimeter of patch and excavate existing pavement section to sound base. Excavate rectangular or trapezoidal patches, extending 12 inches into perimeter of adjacent sound pavement, unless otherwise indicated. Cut excavation faces vertically. Remove excavated material. Recompact existing unbound-aggregate base course to form new subgrade.

B. Tack Coat: Before placing patch material, apply tack coat uniformly to vertical asphalt surfaces abutting the patch. Apply at a rate of 0.05 to 0.15 gal./sq. yd.

1. Allow tack coat to cure undisturbed before applying hot-mix asphalt paving. 2. Avoid smearing or staining adjoining surfaces, appurtenances, and surroundings. Remove spillages and clean affected surfaces.

C. Placing Patch Material: Fill excavated pavement areas with hot-mix asphalt base mix for full thickness of patch and, while still hot, compact flush with adjacent surface.

3.3 SURFACE PREPARATION

A. General: Immediately before placing asphalt materials, remove loose and deleterious material from substrate surfaces. Ensure that prepared subgrade is ready to receive paving.

B. Proof-roll subgrade below pavements with heavy pneumatic-tired equipment to identify soft pockets and areas of excess yielding. Do not proof-roll wet or saturated subgrades.

C. Sawcut surfaces in asphalt pavements shall be sprayed or painted with a uniform, thin coat of asphalt emulsion tack coat immediately before placement of hot mix asphalt against the cut surfaces.

D. Tack Coat: Apply uniformly to surfaces of existing pavement and/or base course at a rate of 0.05 to 0.15 gal./sq. yd.

3.4 PLACING HOT-MIX ASPHALT

A. Machine place hot-mix asphalt on prepared surface, spread uniformly, and strike off. Place asphalt mix by hand in areas inaccessible to equipment in a manner that prevents segregation of mix. Place each course to required grade, cross section, and thickness when compacted.

1. Spread mix at a minimum temperature of 260 deg F but not greater than 350 deg F.

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2. Regulate paver machine speed to obtain smooth, continuous surface free of pulls and tears in asphalt-paving mat.

B. Place paving in consecutive strips not less than 10 feet wide unless infill edge strips of a lesser width are required.

C. Promptly correct surface irregularities in paving course behind paver. Use suitable hand tools to remove excess material forming high spots. Fill depressions with hot-mix asphalt to prevent segregation of mix; use suitable hand tools to smooth surface.

3.5 JOINTS

A. Construct joints to ensure a continuous bond between adjoining paving sections. Construct joints free of depressions, with same texture and smoothness as other sections of hot-mix asphalt course.

1. Clean contact surfaces and apply tack coat to joints. 2. Offset longitudinal joints, in successive courses, a minimum of 6 inches. 3. Offset transverse joints, in successive courses, a minimum of 24 inches. 4. Construct transverse joints at each point where paver ends a day's work and resumes work at a subsequent time. Construct these joints using either "bulkhead" or "papered" method according to AI MS-22, for both "Ending a Lane" and "Resumption of Paving Operations."

3.6 COMPACTION

A. General: Begin compaction as soon as placed hot-mix paving will bear roller weight without excessive displacement. Compact hot-mix paving with hot, hand tampers or with vibratory-plate compactors in areas inaccessible to rollers.

1. Complete compaction before mix temperature cools to 185 deg F.

B. Breakdown Rolling: Complete breakdown or initial rolling immediately after rolling joints and outside edge. Examine surface immediately after breakdown rolling for indicated crown, grade, and smoothness. Correct laydown and rolling operations to comply with requirements.

C. Intermediate Rolling: Begin intermediate rolling immediately after breakdown rolling while hot-mix asphalt is still hot enough to achieve specified density. Continue rolling until hot-mix asphalt course has been uniformly compacted to the following density:

1. Average Density: 93 percent of reference maximum theoretical density according to ASTM D 2041, but not less than 91 percent or greater than 97 percent.

D. Finish Rolling: Perform finish rolling while mixture is still warm enough for removal of roller marks. Continue rolling until roller marks are eliminated and course has attained maximum density.

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E. Edge Shaping: While surface is being compacted and finished, trim edges of pavement to proper alignment. Bevel edges while asphalt is still hot; compact thoroughly.

F. Protection: After final rolling, do not permit vehicular traffic on pavement until it has cooled and hardened.

G. Erect barricades to protect paving from traffic until mixture has cooled enough not to become marked.

3.7 INSTALLATION TOLERANCES

A. Pavement Thickness: Compact each course to produce the thickness indicated within the following tolerances:

1. Binder Course: Plus or minus 1/2 inch. 2. Top Course: Plus 1/4 inch, no minus.

B. Pavement Surface Smoothness: Compact each course to produce a surface smoothness within the following tolerances as determined by using a 10-foot straightedge applied transversely or longitudinally to paved areas:

1. Base Course: 1/4 inch 2. Surface Course: 1/8 inch

3.8 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Field quality control shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. Field quality control testing and inspection shall be at the discretion of the Contractor (except for specified mandatory testing listed below) as necessary to assure compliance with Contract requirements. Owner T&I shall not be considered a substitute for the Contractor’s responsibility to perform similar rou- tine, necessary, and customary testing and inspection of the methods and frequency suitable for the type of work involved.

B. Mandatory Testing: 1. Pavement Thickness: Measure pavement thickness behind the paver at the beginning of and during pavement placing operations to assure proper thickness. 2. Field Density Test for In-Place Materials: In-place density tests by nuclear method in accordance with ASTM D2950. Nuclear density shall be correlated with ASTM D1188 or D2726 or AASHTO T166, T275, T331 as applicable. a. Density tests on subgrades and aggregate base courses to be overlaid by pavements shall be performed within 48 hours prior to placement of the pavement lift. If inclement weather occurs after testing, retest prior to placement of next lift. Testing frequencies shall be as specified in Sections 02300 and 02715 respectively.

C. Coring holes remaining from cores taken by the CTL shall be immediately filled by the Con- tractor with full depth, hot-mix asphalt concrete or non-shrink grout tinted to match the surrounding pavement.

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November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

D. Obtain test samples for volumetric testing from the truck at the asphalt plant. Mixture samples shall be taken at least 2 times for every 8 hour day.

E. Areas of deficient paving, including compaction, smoothness, thickness, and asphalt mixture, shall be delineated, removed, and replaced in compliance with specifications requirements. Al- ternative remedial or corrective measures for repair of deficient paving may be allowed provid- ed a plan of corrective action is submitted in the form of a Request For Information (RFI) and the plan is approved by the Civil Engineering Consultant.

F. Provide certification in writing that asphalt placement is in accordance with specification requirements.

G. Provide documentation to the Owner/Engineer of proof rolling and of subgrade and aggregate base compaction testing prior to pavement placement each day in the areas to be paved including the density control strip

3.9 WASTE HANDLING

A. General: Handle asphalt-paving waste according to approved waste management plan required in Section 017419 "Construction Waste Management and Disposal."

END OF SECTION 321216

ASPHALT PAVING 321216 - 7

November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

SECTION 321600 - VERTICAL GRANITE CURB

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes: 1. Granite curbing.

B. Related Requirements: 1. Section 312000 – Earth Moving: Preparation of subgrades.

1.2 SUBMITTALS

A. Submit certified laboratory test data or manufacturer’s certificates and data for the items listed below cer- tifying that materials are in conformance requirements specified herein. Submit to the Engineering Con- sultant of Record and the Construction Testing Laboratory for review and approval and within 7 calendar days after receipt of Notice-to-Proceed. 1. Concrete mix design(s) 2. Aggregate gradations

B. Test Reports: Submit field quality control test reports.

C. Submit shop drawings of each curb type and size for Owner’s Civil Engineering Consultant approval.

1.3 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Maintain access for vehicular and pedestrian traffic as required for other construction activities. Utilize temporary striping, flagmen, barricades, warning signs, and warning lights as required.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. Portland Cement: Shall conform to ASTM C150, Type I.

B. Aggregate: ASTM C33.

C. Water: Clean and potable

2.2 CONCRETE MIXING

A. Mix concrete and deliver in accordance with ASTM C94. Design mix shall produce normal weight concrete consisting of Portland cement, supplementary cementitious materials, aggregates, admixtures and water to produce the following: 1. Compressive Strength: 3,500 psi minimum at 28 days unless otherwise indicated on the Drawings. 2. Slump Range: 2”-4” for hand placed concrete. 3. Air Entrainment: 5 to 8 percent.

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November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

2.3 VERTICAL GRANITE CURB A. Granite shall be “New England” structural granite conforming to ASTM C 615, Class I Engineering Grade, suitable for curbstone use. Curb shall be light grey, free from seams which impair structural in- tegrity, and with percentage of wear less than 32%, as determined by ASTM C 131.

1. Granite curb shall meet requirements specified for VA Type curb in subsection M9.04.2 of Division III, Material of the Mass DOT Specifications. Curb shall have the following dimensions: minimum length = 6 ft., width at top = 6 in., depth = 18 in,

2.4 GRANITE TRANSITION CURB

A. Granite shall be “New England” structural granite conforming to ASTM C 615, Class I Engineering Grade, suitable for curbstone use. Curb shall be light grey, free from seams which impair structural in- tegrity, and with percentage of wear less than 32%, as determined by ASTM C 131.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 SETTING CURB

A. Curb shall be set in accordance with Mass DOT specification Section 501 and City of Lowell requirements.

B. Curb shall be set accurately to line and grade. Curb units shall be fitted together as closely as possible. Curb shall not be field cut.

C. Joint, between curb units shall be carefully filled with a cement mortar, and neatly pointed on the top and front exposed portions. After pointing excess mortar shall be cleaned from curb surface.

D. Backfill material on each side of curb shall be specified for adjacent surface and shall be thoroughly compacted by means of power tampers. Extreme care shall be taken not to destroy alignment. Curb sections disturbed during backfilling or otherwise shall be reset to line and grade, and properly backfilled.

3.2 INSTALLATION

A. Concrete Placement 1. Concrete shall be mixed and placed when the air temperature in the shade and away from artificial heat is a minimum of 35 degrees F and rising. Hot and cold weather concreting shall be in accordance with ACI 305R (hot weather) and 306.1 and 306R (cold weather).Do not place concrete until base material and forms have been checked for line and grade. Moisten base material if required to provide uniform dampened condition at time concrete is placed. Do not place concrete around manholes or other structures until set at required finish elevation and alignment. 2. Place concrete using methods that prevent segregation of mix. 3. Deposit and spread concrete in continuous operation as far as possible. If interrupted for more than 1/2 hour, place construction joint.

3.3 CURING AND PROTECTION

A. Protect and cure finished concrete paving using with curing compound or with acceptable moist-curing methods in accordance with "water-curing" section of ACI 308. Cure for a period not less than 7 days. VERTICAL GRANITE CURB 321600 - 2

November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

B. Use solvent based curing compound when compound is applied below 40 F.

3.4 BACKFILL

A. After concrete has set sufficiently, spaces on either side of curb shall be refilled to required elevation with suitable material compacted in accordance with Section 312000.

3.5 CLEANING AND PROTECTION

A. Protect curb and concrete from damage until acceptance of work. Exclude traffic from pavement for at least 14 days after placement. When construction traffic is permitted, maintain pavement as clean as possible by removing surface stains and spillage of materials.

3.6 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Field quality control shall be the responsibility of the Contractor in accordance with contract documents. Field quality control testing and inspection shall be at the discretion of the Contractor as necessary to assure compliance with Contract requirements.

END OF SECTION

VERTICAL GRANITE CURB 321600 - 3

November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

SECTION 321713 - PARKING BUMPERS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section includes wheel stops.

1.2 ACTION SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product.

B. Samples: For each exposed product and for each color and texture specified.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 PARKING BUMPERS

A. Concrete Wheel Stops: Precast, steel-reinforced, air-entrained concrete, 4000-psi minimum compressive strength, 6-3/4 inches high by 7-3/4 inches wide by 72 inches long. Provide chamfered corners, transverse drainage slots on underside, and a minimum of two factory- formed or -drilled vertical holes through wheel stop for anchoring to substrate.

1. Mounting Hardware: Galvanized-steel dowel, 1/2-inch diameter, 18-inch minimum length, hardware as standard with wheel-stop manufacturer.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

A. General: Install wheel stops according to manufacturer's written instructions unless otherwise indicated.

B. Install wheel stops in bed of adhesive before anchoring.

C. Securely anchor wheel stops to pavement with hardware in each preformed vertical hole in wheel stop as recommended in writing by manufacturer.

END OF SECTION 321713

PARKING BUMPERS 321713 - 1 November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 3017

SECTION 321723 - PAVEMENT MARKINGS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Painting and marking of pavement.

1.2 ACTION SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product.

B. Samples: For each exposed product and for each color and texture specified.

1.3 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Maintain access for vehicular and pedestrian traffic as required for other construction activities. Utilize flagmen, barricades, warning signs, and warning lights as required.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Use trained and experienced personnel in applying the products and operating the equipment required for properly performed work.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. Thermoplastic Markings: Materials shall conform to sections M7.01.03 of the MassDOT Standard Specifications.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine the work area and correct conditions detrimental to timely and proper completion of the work. Do not proceed until unsatisfactory conditions are corrected.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Sweep and clean surface to eliminate loose material and dust.

B. Where existing pavement markings are indicated on Construction Drawings to be removed or would in- terfere with adhesion of new paint, a motorized abrasive device shall be used to remove the markings. Equipment employed shall not damage existing paving or create surfaces hazardous to vehicle or pedestrian traffic.

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November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 3017

C. New pavement surfaces shall be allowed to cure for not less than 30 days before application of marking materials.

3.3 APPLICATION

A. The contractor shall furnish and place white preformed thermoplastic lines, arrows and markings at locations indicated on the plans and/or as directed by the Owner. The size of all arrows and markings shall conform to the latest Massachusetts Highway Department Construction and Traffic Standard De- tails, or as shown on the plan drawings, with the drawings taking precedence.

B. The ambient (air) temperature for the thermoplastic application is to be a minimum of 45 degrees Fahr- enheit and rising at the time of marking operations. If work has started and air temperatures fall below 45 degrees Fahrenheit and continual cooling is indicated, work shall be stopped. In cool weather conditions, temporary drops down to 40 degrees Fahrenheit will be tolerated, providing temperatures also vary upwards. Sustained striping (greater than one hour) at 40 degrees Fahrenheit shall not be allowed. Starting work at air temperatures lower than 45 degrees Fahrenheit shall not be allowed.

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

B. Inspection: After the paint has thoroughly dried, visually inspect the entire application and touch up as required to provide clean, straight lines and surfaces throughout.

C. Testing: Testing of wet film thickness shall be performed a minimum of two times on each parking row (including striped islands) and pedestrian cross walks, and a minimum of one test on each lane/alignment striping. At least one test shall be performed after refilling paint striping machine, changing operators of striping machine, and changing paint types, brands, etc. This shall be performed in addition to the testing stated above. These tests shall be performed on each coat applied. Testing shall be performed in accordance with ASTM D4414.

3.5 CLEANING

A. Waste materials shall be removed at the end of each workday. Upon completion of the work, all containers and debris shall be removed from the site. Paint spots upon adjacent surfaces shall be carefully removed by approved procedures that will not damage the surfaces and the entire job left clean and acceptable.

END OF SECTION

PAVEMENT MARKINGS 321723 - 2

March 3, 2017 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00

SECTION 323113 - CHAIN LINK FENCE

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section includes chain-link fences.

1.2 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. Delegated Design: Design chain-link fences and gates, including comprehensive engineering analysis by a qualified professional engineer, using performance requirements and design criteria indicated.

B. Structural Performance: Chain-link fence and gate framework shall withstand the effects of gravity loads and the following loads and stresses within limits and under conditions indicated according to ASCE/SEI 7.

1. Minimum Post Size: Determine according to ASTM F 1043 for framework up to 11 feet high, and post spacing not to exceed 10 feet. a. Fence Height: 6 feet.

1.3 ACTION SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product indicated

B. Shop Drawings: Include plans, elevations, sections, details, and attachments to other work.

1.4 INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS

A. Product Certificates: For each type of chain-link fence and gate, from manufacturer.

B. Product Test Reports: For framing strength according to ASTM F 1043.

C. Sample of special warranty.

1.5 CLOSEOUT SUBMITTALS

A. Operation and maintenance data.

CHAIN LINK FENCES AND GATES 323113 - 1 March 3, 2017 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00

1.6 WARRANTY

A. Special Warranty: Manufacturer's standard form in which manufacturer or contractor agrees to repair or replace components of chain-link fences and gates that fail in materials or workmanship within specified warranty period.

1. Failures include, but are not limited to, deterioration of metals, metal finishes, and other materials beyond normal weathering. 2. Warranty Period: Five (5) years from date of Substantial Completion.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 CHAIN-LINK FENCE

A. General: Provide fabric in one-piece heights measured between top and bottom of outer edge of selvage knuckle or twist. Comply with CLFMI Product Manual and with requirements indicated below:

1. Fabric Height: 8feet. 2. Chain Link: Chain link fabric shall be No. 9 gauge with a uniform square mesh measuring 2” between the parallel sides woven out of permafused wire with a core which shall consist of a good commercial quality galvanized steel. Bottom of fence fabric shall be two (2) inches plus or minus ¼” above the finished grade. Fabric shall be furnished with selvages knuckled on both ends, which have been coated during the waving process. 3. Posts: Line posts for new fence shall be round tubing 2.375 inches OD weighing 3.65 pounds per linear foot, schedule 40. Terminal and corner posts shall be round tubing 2.875 inches OD weighing 5.79 pounds per linear foot, schedule 40. Continuous top and coupled bottom rails shall be 1-5/8” OD tubing weighing 1.35 pounds per linear foot, schedule 40. All fence ties shall be matching steel. 4. All fittings and other appurtenances shall be aluminum alloy pressed steel, malleable or cast steel. 5. Wire with a diameter of 0.192 inch.

6. Aluminum Wire Fabric: ASTM F 1183, with mill finish, and wire diameter of 0.192 inch.

7. Mesh Size: 2 inches.

8. Selvage: Knuckled at both selvages.

2.2 FENCE FRAMING

A. Posts and Rails: Comply with ASTM F 1043 for framing, including rails, braces, and line; terminal; and corner posts. Provide members with minimum dimensions and wall thickness according to ASTM F 1043based on the following:

1. Fence Height: 96 inches. Heavy Industrial Strength: Material Group IA, round steel pipe, Schedule 40.Line Post2.375 inches in diameterEnd, Corner and Pull Post: 2.875 inches.

CHAIN LINK FENCES AND GATES 323113 - 2 March 3, 2017 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00

1. Horizontal Framework Members: Intermediate,top, andbottom rails complying with ASTM F 1043. 2. Brace Rails: Comply with ASTM F 1043. 3. Metallic Coating for Steel Framing:

a. Type A zinc coating. b. Type B zinc with organic overcoat. c. External, Type B zinc with organic overcoat and internal, Type D zinc-pigmented coating. d. Type C, Zn-5-Al-MM alloy coating. e. Coatings: Any coating above.

4. Polymer coating over metallic coating.

a. Color: Dark green, complying with ASTM F 934.

2.3 TENSION WIRE

A. Metallic-Coated Steel Wire: 0.177-inch diameter, marcelled tension wire complying with ASTM A 817 and ASTM A 824, with the following metallic coating:

1. Type I, aluminum coated (aluminized). 2. Type II, zinc coated with minimum coating weight matching chain-link fabric coating weight. 3. Type III, Zn-5-Al-MM alloy with minimum coating weight matching chain-link fabric coating weight

B. Polymer-Coated Steel Wire: 0.177-inch diameter, tension wire complying with ASTM F 1664, Class 1 over aluminum -coated steel wire.

1. Color: Dark green, complying with ASTM F 934.

2.4 SWING GATES

A. General: Comply with ASTM F 900 for gate posts and double swing gate types.

1. Gate Leaf Width: As indicated on plans. 2. Gate Fabric Height: 96 inches.

B. Pipe and Tubing: 1. Aluminum: Comply with ASTM B 429/B 429M; manufacturer's standardfinish. 2. Gate Posts: Round tubular aluminum.] [Rectangular tubular aluminum]. 3. Gate Frames and Bracing: Round tubular aluminum.

C. Frame Corner Construction: assembled with corner fittings.

D. Hardware:

1. Hinges: 180-degree inward swing.

CHAIN LINK FENCES AND GATES 323113 - 3 March 3, 2017 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00

2. Latches permitting operation from both sides of gate with provision for padlocking accessible from both sides of gate. 3. Padlock and Chain: Owner Furnished. 4. Lock: Manufacturer's standard.Closer: Manufacturer's standard.

2.5 FITTINGS

A. General: Comply with ASTM F 626.

B. Finish:

1. Metallic Coating for Pressed Steel or Cast Iron: Not less than 1.2 oz. /sq. ft. zinc.

a. Polymer coating over metallic coating.

2.6 GROUT AND ANCHORING CEMENT

A. Nonshrink, Nonmetallic Grout: Premixed, factory-packaged, nonstaining, noncorrosive, nongaseous grout complying with ASTM C 1107. Provide grout, recommended in writing by manufacturer, for exterior applications.

B. Erosion-Resistant Anchoring Cement: Factory-packaged, nonshrink, nonstaining, hydraulic- controlled expansion cement formulation for mixing with potable water at Project site to create pourable anchoring, patching, and grouting compound. Provide formulation that is resistant to erosion from water exposure without needing protection by a sealer or waterproof coating and that is recommended in writing by manufacturer, for exterior applications.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

A. Examine areas and conditions, with Installer present, for compliance with requirements for site clearing, earthwork, pavement work, and other conditions affecting performance of the Work.

1. Do not begin installation before final grading is completed unless otherwise permitted by Engineer.

B. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

C. Stake locations of fence lines, gates, and terminal posts. Do not exceed intervals of 500 feet or line of sight between stakes. Indicate locations of utilities, underground structures, benchmarks, and property monuments.

D. Install chain-link fencing to comply with ASTM F 567 and more stringent requirements indicated.

CHAIN LINK FENCES AND GATES 323113 - 4 March 3, 2017 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00

E. Post Excavation: Drill or hand-excavate holes for posts to diameters and spacings indicated, in firm, undisturbed soil.

F. Post Setting: Set posts in concrete at indicated spacing into firm, undisturbed soil.

1. Verify that posts are set plumb, aligned, and at correct height and spacing, and hold in position during setting with concrete or mechanical devices. 2. Concrete Fill: Place concrete around posts to dimensions indicated and vibrate or tamp for consolidation. Protect aboveground portion of posts from concrete splatter.

a. Exposed Concrete: Extend 2 inches above grade; shape and smooth to shed water. b. Posts Set into Concrete in Sleeves: Use steel pipe sleeves preset and anchored into concrete for installing posts. After posts have been inserted into sleeves, fill annular space between post and sleeve with anchoring cement, mixed and placed to comply with anchoring material manufacturer's written instructions, and finished sloped to drain water away from post. c. Posts Set into Voids in Concrete: Form or core drill holes not less than 5 inches deep and 3/4 inch larger than OD of post. Clean holes of loose material, insert posts, and fill annular space between post and concrete with anchoring cement, mixed and placed to comply with anchoring material manufacturer's written instructions, and finished sloped to drain water away from post.

G. Terminal Posts: Locate terminal end, corner, and gate posts per ASTM F 567 and terminal pull posts at changes in horizontal or vertical alignment of 30 degrees or more.

H. Line Posts: Space line posts uniformly at 10 feet o.c.

I. Tension Wire: Install according to ASTM F 567, maintaining plumb position and alignment of fencing. Provide horizontal tension wire at the following locations:

1. Extended along top and bottom of fence fabric on gate; bottom on fence.

J. Chain-Link Fabric: Apply fabric to outside of enclosing framework. Leave 1 inch between finish grade or surface and bottom selvage unless otherwise indicated.

K. Install gates according to manufacturer's written instructions, level, plumb, and secure for full opening without interference. Attach fabric as for fencing. Attach hardware using tamper- resistant or concealed means. Install ground-set items in concrete for anchorage. Adjust hardware for smooth operation and lubricate where necessary.

L. Gates: Adjust gates to operate smoothly, easily, and quietly, free of binding, warp, excessive deflection, distortion, nonalignment, misplacement, disruption, or malfunction, throughout entire operational range. Confirm that latches and locks engage accurately and securely without forcing or binding.

END OF SECTION 323113

CHAIN LINK FENCES AND GATES 323113 - 5 November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

SECTION 329300 - PLANTS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes: 1. Planting soil 2. Plants. 3. Tree-watering devices. 4. Mulch

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. Backfill: The earth used to replace or the act of replacing earth in an excavation.

B. Pesticide: A substance or mixture intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating a pest. Pesticides include insecticides, miticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides, and molluscicides. They also include substances or mixtures intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant. Some sources classify herbicides separately from pesticides.

C. Topsoil: Existing, on-site soil; imported soil; or manufactured soil that has been modified with soil amendments and perhaps fertilizers to produce a soil mixture best for plant growth.

D. Root Flare: Also called "trunk flare." The area at the base of the plant's stem or trunk where the stem or trunk broadens to form roots; the area of transition between the root system and the stem or trunk.

1.3 PREINSTALLATION MEETINGS

A. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct conference at project site.

1.4 INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS

A. Product certificates.

B. Sample warranty.

1.5 CLOSEOUT SUBMITTALS

A. Maintenance Data: Recommended procedures to be established by Owner for maintenance of plants during a calendar year.

PLANTS 329300 - 1 November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

1.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Installer's Field Supervision: Require Installer to maintain an experienced full-time supervisor on Project site when work is in progress.

1. Pesticide Applicator: State licensed, commercial.

B. Provide quality, size, genus, species, and variety of plants indicated, complying with applicable requirements in ANSI Z60.1.

1.7 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Deliver bare-root stock plants within 24 hours of digging. Immediately after digging up bare- root stock, pack root system in wet straw, hay, or other suitable material to keep root system moist until planting. Transport in covered, temperature-controlled vehicles, and keep plants cool and protected from sun and wind at all times.

B. Do not prune trees and shrubs before delivery. Protect bark, branches, and root systems from sun scald, drying, wind burn, sweating, whipping, and other handling and tying damage. Do not bend or bind-tie trees or shrubs in such a manner as to destroy their natural shape. Provide protective covering of plants during shipping and delivery. Do not drop plants during delivery and handling.

C. Handle planting stock by root ball.

D. Deliver plants after preparations for planting have been completed, and install immediately. If planting is delayed more than six hours after delivery, set plants and trees in their appropriate aspect (sun, filtered sun, or shade), protect from weather and mechanical damage, and keep roots moist.

E. Seed and Other Packaged Materials: Deliver packaged materials in original, unopened containers showing weight, certified analysis, name and address of manufacturer, and indication of compliance with state and Federal laws, as applicable.

1.8 WARRANTY

A. Special Warranty: Installer agrees to repair or replace plantings and accessories that fail in materials, workmanship, or growth within specified warranty period.

1. Failures include, but are not limited to, the following:

a. Death and unsatisfactory growth, except for defects resulting from abuse, lack of adequate maintenance, or neglect by Owner. b. Structural failures including plantings falling or blowing over.

2. Warranty Periods: From date of substantial completion.

a. Trees, Shrubs, Vines, and Ornamental Grasses: 12 months. b. Ground Covers, Biennials, Perennials, and Other Plants: 12 months.

PLANTS 329300 - 2 November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 PLANT MATERIAL

A. General: Furnish nursery-grown plants true to genus, species, variety, cultivar, stem form, shearing, and other features as indicated on Drawings and complying with ANSI Z60.1; and with healthy root systems developed by transplanting or root pruning. Provide well-shaped, fully branched, healthy, vigorous stock, densely foliated when in leaf and free of disease, pests, eggs, larvae, and defects such as knots, sun scald, injuries, abrasions, and disfigurement.

B. Root-Ball Depth: Furnish trees and shrubs with root balls measured from top of root ball, which begins at root flare according to ANSI Z60.1. Root flare shall be visible before planting.

2.2 SEED

A. Grass Seed: Fresh, clean, dry, new-crop seed complying with AOSA's "Rules for Testing Seeds" for purity and germination tolerances.

B. Grass-Seed Mix: Proprietary seed mix as follows: 1. New England Conservation/Wildlife Mix, or approved equal

a. Manufacturer: New England Wetland Plants, Inc., 820 West Street, Amherst, MA 01002.

b. Included Species: Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium); Virginia Wild Rye (Elymus virginicus); Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii; Indian Grass (Sorghastrum nutan); Creeping Red Fescue (Festuca rubra); Switch Grass (Panicum virgatum). Mix composition may vary per manufacturer’s specification.

c. Apply at a rate of 25 pounds per acre or per manufacturer’s specification.

2.3 FERTILIZERS

A. Planting Tablets: Tightly compressed chip-type, long-lasting, slow-release, commercial-grade planting fertilizer in tablet form. Tablets shall break down with soil bacteria, converting nutrients into a form that can be absorbed by plant roots.

1. Size: 5-gram, 10-gram, or 21-gram tablets. 2. Nutrient Composition: 20 percent nitrogen, 10 percent phosphorous, and 5 percent potassium, by weight plus micronutrients.

B. Slow-Release Fertilizer: Granular or pelleted fertilizer consisting of 50 percent water-insoluble nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the following composition:

1. Composition: 20 percent nitrogen, 10 percent phosphorous, and 10 percent potassium, by weight.

PLANTS 329300 - 3 November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

2.4 MULCHES

A. Organic Mulch: Dark shredded hardwood, Ground or shredded bark.

2.5 OFF-SITE PLANTING SOIL – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Provide off-site planting soil meeting the following criteria: 1. Soil texture: USDA sandy loam.

Loam borrow shall have the following mechanical analysis:

Textural Class % of Total Weight Average % Sand (0.05 - 2.0 mm dia. range) 45 - 75 60 Silt (0.002-0.05 mm dia. range) 15 - 35 25 Clay (less than 0.002 mm dia. range) 5 - 20 15

a. The maximum size of particles shall be one-inch largest dimension. The maximum retained on the #10 sieve shall be 15 percent by weight of the total sample. b. The ratio of the particle size for 80% passing (D80) to the particle size for 30% passing (D30) shall be 12 or less. (D80/D30 < 12)

2. pH value shall be between 5.5 and 7.0. 3. Percent organic matter (OM): 2.0-5.0-percent, by dry weight. 4. Soluble salt level: Less than 1 mmho/cm. 5. Soil chemistry suitable for growing the plants specified. 6. The organic content and particle size distribution shall be the result of natural soil formation. 7. Soil shall have an observable crumb and clod structure. Soil crumbs (peds) and clods shall be the same color on the inside as are visible on the outside.

B. Off-site Planting Soil shall be a harvested soil from: 1. Naturally well-drained areas that have never been stripped before and have a history of satisfactory vegetative growth. Comply with all Town, City and State lawns and regulations concerning the removal of topsoil from their boundaries. 2. A commercial processing facility specializing in the manufacturing of loam.

C. Planting Soil shall NOT have been screened and shall retain soil peds or clods larger than 2 inches in diameter throughout the stockpile after harvesting.

D. Planting Soil shall not contain undesirable organisms; disease-causing plant pathogens; or obnoxious weeds and invasive plants including, but not limited to, quackgrass, Johnsongrass, poison ivy, nutsedge, nimblewill, Canada thistle, bindweed, bentgrass, wild garlic, ground ivy, perennial sorrel, and bromegrass, and all other primary noxious weeds. Topsoil shall not be delivered or used for planting while in a frozen or muddy condition.

E. The maximum size of any stone, clay lumps or roots shall not exceed 2-inches largest dimension.

PLANTS 329300 - 4 November 30, 2016 Lowell NHP Bus Parking Area Nobis JN 90160.00 Revised: March 3, 2017

F. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer of the source of topsoil not less than 10 days prior to excavation.

2.6 COMPOST

A. Compost used to amend planting soils and for topdressing beds shall be an aerobically decom- posed, stable, mature, humus-like material free of debris, stones greater than 0.5-inch, metal, plas- tics, wood and similar inert or unwelcome contaminants.

B. It shall be commercially prepared, meeting US Compost Council STA/TMECC criteria or as modified in this section for “Compost as a Landscape Backfill Mix Component”. Refer to: http://compostingcouncil.org/admin/wp-content/plugins/wppdfupload/ pdf/191/LandscapeArch_Specs.pdf

C. Compost shall be deep brown or darker color and intended by the manufacturer for ornamental planting purposes. 1. It shall have been screened to remove all particles >0.50 inches. 90 to 100 percent shall pass a 3/8-inch screen. 2. It shall not have an unpleasant odor as determined by sniff test of submitted samples. 3. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C:N ratio) shall be between 15:1 and 25:1. 4. Salinity shall not exceed 2.0 dS/m (2.0 mmhos/cm) 5. pH: Between 6 & 8 6. Minimum organic content of 35 percent by weight. 7. Chemical contaminants, mg/kg (ppm): meet or exceed US EPA Class A standard, 40CFR § 503.13, Tables 1 and 3 levels. 8. Biological contaminants select pathogens fecal coliform bacteria, or salmonella, meet or exceed US EPA Class A standard, 40 CFR § 503.32(a) level requirements. 9. Moisture content: wet weight basis 30 – 60 percent.

2.7 INORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENTS

A. Ground Limestone: dolomitic limestone and contain not less than 50 percent of total carbonates and 25 percent total magnesium with a neutralizing value of at least 100 percent. Material shall be ground to such fineness that 40 percent will pass 100 mesh U.S. standard sieve and 98 percent will pass through 20 mesh U.S. standard sieve. B. Sulfur: Granular, biodegradable, and containing a minimum of 90 percent elemental sulfur, with a minimum of 99 percent passing through a No. 6 sieve and a maximum of 10 percent passing through a No. 40 sieve.

2.8 PESTICIDES

A. General: Pesticide registered and approved by the EPA, acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, and of type recommended by manufacturer for each specific problem and as required for Project conditions and application. Do not use restricted pesticides unless authorized in writing by authorities having jurisdiction.

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2.9 TREE-WATERING DEVICES

A. Slow-Release Watering Device: Standard product manufactured for drip irrigation of plants and emptying its water contents over an extended time period; manufactured from UV-light- stabilized nylon-reinforced polyethylene sheet, PVC, or HDPE plastic.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PLANTING AREA ESTABLISHMENT

A. Subgrade Preparation: Till subgrade to a minimum depth of 6 inches. Remove stones larger than 3 inches in any dimension and sticks, roots, rubbish, and other extraneous matter and legally dispose of them off Owner's property.

B. Placing Planting Soil: Place topsoil or manufactured planting soil over exposed subgrade. 1. Spread planting soil to total depth 4 inches, but not less than required to meet finish grades after natural settlement. Do not spread if soil or subgrade is frozen, muddy, or excessively wet. 2. Do not compact topsoil. 3. After placement is completed the surface of the topsoil shall be finished to a reasonably smooth surface.

C. Before planting, obtain Architect's acceptance of finish grading; restore planting areas if eroded or otherwise disturbed after finish grading.

3.2 EXCAVATION FOR TREES AND SHRUBS

A. Planting Pits and Trenches: Excavate circular planting pits.

1. Excavate planting pits with sides sloping inward at a 45-degree angle. Excavations with vertical sides are unacceptable. Trim perimeter of bottom leaving center area of bottom raised slightly to support root ball and assist in drainage away from center. Do not further disturb base. Ensure that root ball will sit on undisturbed base soil to prevent settling. Scarify sides of planting pit smeared or smoothed during excavation. 2. Excavate approximately three times as wide as ball diameter. 3. Excavate at least 12 inches wider than root spread and deep enough to accommodate vertical roots for bare-root stock. 4. Do not excavate deeper than depth of the root ball, measured from the root flare to the bottom of the root ball.

B. Backfill Soil: Subsoil and topsoil removed from excavations may not be used as backfill soil unless otherwise indicated.

3.3 TREE, SHRUB, AND VINE PLANTING

A. Inspection: At time of planting, verify that root flare is visible at top of root ball according to ANSI Z60.1. If root flare is not visible, remove soil in a level manner from the root ball to

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where the top-most root emerges from the trunk. After soil removal to expose the root flare, verify that root ball still meets size requirements.

B. Roots: Remove stem girdling roots and kinked roots. Remove injured roots by cutting cleanly; do not break.

C. Set each plant plumb and in center of planting pit or trench with root flare 2 inches above adjacent finish grades.

1. Backfill: Topsoil. 2. Balled and Burlapped Stock: After placing some backfill around root ball to stabilize plant, carefully cut and remove burlap, rope, and wire baskets from tops of root balls and from sides, but do not remove from under root balls. Remove pallets, if any, before setting. Do not use planting stock if root ball is cracked or broken before or during planting operation. 3. Balled and Potted and Container-Grown Stock: Carefully remove root ball from container without damaging root ball or plant. 4. Fabric Bag-Grown Stock: Carefully remove root ball from fabric bag without damaging root ball or plant. Do not use planting stock if root ball is cracked or broken before or during planting operation. 5. Bare-Root Stock: Support stem of each plant and spread roots without tangling or turning toward surface. Plumb before backfilling, and maintain plumb while working. Carefully work backfill around roots by hand. Bring roots into close contact with the soil. 6. Backfill around root ball in layers, tamping to settle soil and eliminate voids and air pockets. When planting pit is approximately one-half filled, water thoroughly before placing remainder of backfill. Repeat watering until no more water is absorbed. 7. Place planting tablets equally distributed around each planting pit when pit is approximately one-half filled. Place tablets beside the root ball about 1 inch from root tips; do not place tablets in bottom of the hole.

a. Bare-Root Stock: Place tablets beside soil-covered roots; do not place tablets touching the roots. b. Quantity: Three for each caliper inch of plant.

8. Continue backfilling process. Water again after placing and tamping final layer of soil.

D. Slopes: When planting on slopes, set the plant so the root flare on the uphill side is flush with the surrounding soil on the slope; the edge of the root ball on the downhill side will be above the surrounding soil. Apply enough soil to cover the downhill side of the root ball.

3.4 TREE, SHRUB, AND VINE PRUNING

A. Remove only dead, dying, or broken branches. Do not prune for shape.

B. Prune, thin, and shape trees, shrubs, and vines as directed by Architect.

C. Prune, thin, and shape trees, shrubs, and vines according to standard professional horticultural and arboricultural practices. Unless otherwise indicated by Architect, do not cut tree leaders; remove only injured, dying, or dead branches from trees and shrubs; and prune to retain natural character.

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D. Do not apply pruning paint to wounds.

3.5 GROUND COVER AND PLANT PLANTING

A. Set out and space ground cover and plants other than trees as indicated on Drawings in even rows with triangular spacing.

B. Use topsoil for backfill.

C. Dig holes large enough to allow spreading of roots.

D. Work soil around roots to eliminate air pockets and leave a slight saucer indentation around plants to hold water.

E. Water thoroughly after planting, taking care not to cover plant crowns with wet soil.

F. Protect plants from hot sun and wind; remove protection if plants show evidence of recovery from transplanting shock.

3.6 PLANTING AREA MULCHING

A. Mulch backfilled surfaces of planting areas and other areas indicated.

1. Trees: Apply organic mulch ring of 3-inch average thickness, with 24-inch radius around trunks or stems. Do not place mulch within 3 inches of trunks or stems. 2. Organic Mulch in Groundcover Areas: Apply 3-inch average thickness of organic mulch over whole surface of planting area, and finish level with adjacent finish grades. Do not place mulch within 3 inches of trunks or stems. 3. Spread 3 inches average thickness of dark mulch on all non-pavement, non-groundcover disturbed area within limit of work.

3.7 INSTALLING SLOW-RELEASE WATERING DEVICE

A. Provide one device for each tree.

3.8 PLANT MAINTENANCE

A. Maintain plantings by pruning, cultivating, watering, weeding, fertilizing, mulching, restoring planting saucers, resetting to proper grades or vertical position, and performing other operations as required to establish healthy, viable plantings.

B. Fill in, as necessary, soil subsidence that may occur because of settling or other processes. Replace mulch materials damaged or lost in areas of subsidence.

C. Apply treatments as required to keep plant materials, planted areas, and soils free of pests and pathogens or disease. Use integrated pest management practices when possible to minimize use of pesticides and reduce hazards. Treatments include physical controls such as hosing off foliage, mechanical controls such as traps, and biological control agents.

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D. Apply pesticides and other chemical products and biological control agents according to authorities having jurisdiction and manufacturer's written recommendations. Coordinate applications with Owner's operations and others in proximity to the Work. Notify Owner before each application is performed.

E. Protect plants from damage due to landscape operations and operations of other contractors and trades. Maintain protection during installation and maintenance periods. Treat, repair, or replace damaged plantings.

F. At time of Substantial Completion, verify that tree-watering devices are in good working order and leave them in place. Replace improperly functioning devices.

3.9 MAINTENANCE SERVICE

A. Maintenance Service: Provide maintenance by skilled employees of landscape Installer. Maintain as required in "Plant Maintenance" Article. Begin maintenance immediately after plants are installed and continue until plantings are acceptably healthy and well established, but for not less than maintenance period below:

1. Maintenance Period for Trees and Shrubs: 12 months from date of Substantial Completion. 2. Maintenance Period for Ground Cover and Other Plants: 12 months from date of Substantial Completion.

END OF SECTION 329300

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