UM-HSRI-79-54

FARS/BMCS ACCIDENT FILE MERGE AND ANALYSIS

SEPTEMBER 1979

T-haicol Rlpor, Documntaii'm Page

1. RwtNo. 2. Govemmt Acc*ssi.n Ne. 3. Reeipimt'r Cotoioq No.

4. Title 4 Subti~lm 5. R-rt Dote September 1979 FARSIBMCS Accident File Merge and Analysis 6. Pufominq orqonitotion cod.

, 8. P.rEomnq 0rqonituti.n R.pocc No. '. hws)John A. Green, Phyllis A. Gimotty, UM-HSRI -79-54

F Charles P. Compton 9. Phi* Otqmia.rion Nane adMess 10. Worb Unit No. (TRAIS) Highway Safety Research Institute 11. Contract of Grant No. 2901 Baxter Road NHTSA-9-6441 Ann Arbor, rlichigan 48109 '3. TIP* of R.por( omd Period Covmrod 12 SC.lrmuins AM Nru adAdbesr National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Final DOT Washington, D. C. 14. Sponsoring Agency Cede

IS. Su~9l-tq Notes

1'6. Absnrr

Heavy truck fatal accidents are recorded in computer files main- tained by the Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety and by the Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS) of the National Center for Statistics and Analysis. Records from these two files were matched on selected data elements and the information for matched cases was merged to provide a composite data set. This resulting data set was analyzed in terms of completeness, reporting consistency, and bias.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS LISTOFTABLES ...... 1eOINTRODUCTION ...... 2.0DATASETDESCRIPTIONS ...... 2.1 TheFARS Data Set ...... 2.2 TheBMCS Data Set ...... 2.3 The Telephone Survey of Fatal Accidents ...... 3.0THEFILEMATCHPROCESS...... 3.1 Creating Common Variables ...... 3.2 The Match Algorithm ...... 3.3 Results of the Match Process ...... 4.0 EVALUATIONOF THEDATASETS ...... 4.1 Evaluation Criteria ...... 4.2 Completeness of the Data Sets ...... 4.3 Reliability of the Data Sets...... 5.0 DATASETDOCUMENTATION ...... 5.1 File structure...... 5.2 Output Tape ...... 6.0SUMMARY ...... APPENDICES ......

LIST OF TABLES

FARS/BMCS Common Variables ......

Applicable Trucks Reported by BMCS and FARS-1976 ..... Applicable Trucks Reported by BMCS and FARS-1977 .....

Accident Type by Data Set Subset on FARS/BMCS-Match Status-1977 ......

Accident Type by Data Set Subset on FARS/BMCS-Match Status-1976 ......

Power Unit Make by Data Set Subset on FARS/BMCS-Match Status-1977 ...... Carrier Type by Match Status.1976 ...... Carrier Type by Match Status.1977 ......

Match Status of Common Variables-1976 and 1977 FARS and BMCS...... Distribution of Driver Restraint Usage BMCS vs . FARS ... Distribution of Possible Match Levels On Driver Restraint Usage-BMCS/FARS 1976.1977 ...... Distribution of Driver Age Differences-BMCSIFARS .....

Section 1 INTRODUCTION

This report documents the results of a study entitled "FARS/BMCS Accident File Merge and Analysis" performed by the Highway Safety Research Institute (HSRI) at the University of Michigan for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) under Purchase Order NHTSA-9-6441.

The objective of the study was to compare and evaluate two independently constructed data sets that contain information on large trucks involved in traffic accidents during calendar years 1976 and 1977. One data set is maintained by the Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety (BMCS) and describes the accident involvements of heavy trucks in interstate commerce. The second data set is maintained by NHTSA's National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA) as part of the Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS). The FARS data describes all vehicles in any traffic accident where a fatality occurred.

To assist in the evaluation, a third data set was used. This data was obtained from the Telephone Survey of Fatal Accidents performed for NHTSA as part of contract DOT-HS-6-0128 6 "Fleet Accident Evaluation of FMVSS 121" by HSRI.

The basic procedure used in the study is simple although its implementation on the computer was quite complex and time consuming. Only the basic steps will be outlined here; a more detailed exposition may be found in the following Sections. From the simple data set descriptions given above it is evident that the data sets are not wholly overlapping. That is, while there is certainly an area of common reporting that is the subject of this study, there are also many accident types that are not common to the two bases. The first task, therefore, was to subset each of the data bases so that they contained a potentially compatible set of information. The next step was to convert both data sets to the same record structure. This step is necessary since the FARS data set is a hierarchically structured file with accident, vehicle, and person records that define all traffic units in

INTRODUCTION HSRI - University of Michigan

an accident. The BMCS data set, on the other hand, is a simple, fixed- block record that contains in£ormation relating primarily to the heavy truck involvement. To convert these data sets into a common format, the FARS person level information was summarized to produce vehicle-level summary data that could be related to the BMCS occupant information.

With both sets in a compatible format, it was next necessary to determine what variables (i.e., data fields) that the two data sets had in common, and what data transformations would be necessary to produce a common coding protocol for the variables. These common variables represent the only reporting overlap for the data sets, and are consequently of prime importance to the merge and analysis tasks. After both data sets were reduced to a common format, it was possible to merge information from each to produce a single record for heavy truck involvements that contained pertinent information from both data sets. Merging of cases was performed according to a well-defined algorithm that is presented in Section 3.2.

After the merge process, an analysis of similarities and differences in coding of the cormnon variables was performed. At a descriptive level, the common variables were examined by means of scatter plots and contingency tables. A more detailed analysis of the completeness, reporting bias, and coding consistency of the data sets was also performed.

In the remainder of the report, Section 2.0 presents a brief description of the data sets that were utilized in this study. Section 3.0 describes the match process in detail and presents some of the descriptive results of the process. The more detailed evaluation of the data sets is described in Section 4.0, while Section 5.0 documents the final combined data set that was developed as a part of this study. Finally, Section 6.0 presents a brief summary of the study findings.

INTRODUCTION HSRI - University of Michigan

Section 2 DATA SET DESCRIPTIONS

In this Section, brief descriptions of the three data sets that were used in the course of the study are given. These descriptions are not intended to be complete, but are only intended to document those aspects of the data sets that are of importance to this study. For more detailed descriptions, the reader is ref erred to the sponsoring agencies (BMCS or NCSA).

2.1 The FARS Data Set

The FARS data set contains information on fatal motor vehicle traffic accidents that occur in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto ~ic0.l Each accident in FARS includes at least one fatality that happened on a roadway. The data for FARS are provided by the states and are reported in a standard format. The data files made available to HSRI have been reformatted into a PERSON data set that contains information from the FARS accident, vehicle, and person records for each person involved in a fatal accident. These variables are contained in the final data file and are referenced by Variable numbers 3 through 221 (see Appendix A).

In order to produce a compatible file structure, The PERSON data set was subset to include all persons that were involved in any accident in which a large truck was also involved. A large truck is defined by Body Types 53 - 60 (see Variable 105, Appendix A).

Because the BMCS data set is a vehicle-level file, it was necessary to collapse the FARS PERSON file to a vehicle-level file prior to matching the two data sets. To accomplish this, the person-level information was summarized to provide the kind of occupant summary information found in the BMCS data set. This operation resulted in the creation of Variables 401 - 405 that provide information on driver

'FARs Master Pile Version 25 (1976) and 21 (1977) were used in this project.

DATA SET DESCRIPTIONS HSRI - University of Michigan

injury as well as counts of the number of persons killed or injured in each vehicle and the number of persons killed or injured in the accident but not in the vehicle. After the occupant summarization process, the person-level file was subset again to include only drivers of large trucks. This produced a vehicle file that is compatible to the BMCS file for matching purposes.

After all the subsetting operations had been performed, the FARS data sets included 4,812 cases for calendar year 1976 and 4,954 cases for 1977.

2.2 The BMCS Data Set

All interstate motor carriers who are subject to the Department of Transportation Act are required to report to BMCS any accidents involving their vehicles that result in death, injury, or over $2,000 in property damage. Excluded are occurrences that involve only boarding and exiting a stationary motor vehicle, the loading or unloading of cargo, or f arm-to-market agricultural transportation. The accident information is reported to BMCS by the carriers themselves on a standardized form.

The standard BMCS data set contains a large amount of alphanumeric information that is not suitable for analytic operations with most data analysis packages. HSRI consequently performed an extensive reformatting of the data to produce numeric information for all the important variables in the original data set. The resulting data set contains Variables 1001 through 1073 as documented in the codebook presented in Appendix A.

In order to produce a file structure that is compatible with the FARS subset, the reformatted BMCS data were subset to include accident involvements in which a fatality was involved. One of the explicitly mentioned criteria for subsetting 'the BMCS and FARS data sets was the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). Only the 1977 FARS file, however, contained a variable (i.e., Body Type) which would permit subsetting by GVWR. Consequently, all files were subset to the available common

DATA SET DESCRIPTIONS 4 HSRI - University of Michigan

coding. Both FARS data sets include Body Types 53 - 60 and neither BMCS data set was subset by weight. This allowed for the maximum overlap in both files, but also permits the inclusion of some trucks lighter in weight than those specif Fed originally.

After all subset operations had been performed, the BMCS data sets included 2,004 cases for calendar year 1976 and 2,267 cases for 1977.

2.3 The Telephone Survey of Fatal Accidents

As part of the FMVSS121 study cited earlier, HSRI conducted a telephone survey of fatal accidents to collect supplementary descriptive information on the heavy trucks involved. Eligible cases for this survey were 1974-1978 model year trucks with FARS coded body types (V105) of 53-60 involved in fatal accidents during the calendar years 2 1976, 1977, and1978. This supplementary data iskeyedtotheFARS case number providing and easy merge process.

2"FL~~~EVALUATION OF FMVSS121", Kenneth L. Campbell and Arthur C. Wolfe, Report UM-HSRI-77-35, Contract DOT-HS-6-01286, Interim Report, October 1977 The information that was included from the survey is described in Appendix A as Variables 500 - 507.

DATA SET DESCRIPTIONS HSRI - University of Michigan

DATA SET DESCRIPTIONS HSRI - University of Michigan

Section 3 THE FILE MATCH PROCESS

In Section 2, each of the component data sets was described. In this Section, the process used to match the corresponding BMCS and FARS cases will be described, and some descriptive results of the match process will be presented.

3.1 Creating Common Variables

Comparison of the two subject data sets is possible only in terms of items of information that are common to both data sets. Commonality implies that not only are the information items themselves the same, but that they are quantified (or coded) in the same way. In the FARSIBMCS comparison, three classes of common variables exist.

Certain variables are commn to both data sets in information content and coding structure with no modification and comprise the simplest class of common variables. Other variables are common to both data sets in information content, but not in coding structure. These variables were recoded to provide new code values that represent the greatest degree of commonality that was possible. Finally, a number of "derived" variables were created from information available from a combination of variables in each data set. A list of the 32 common variables used in the final match process is shown in Table 1. A detailed definition of the recode operations used in creating these variables may be found in Appendix B-

Commn variables were used in two ways during the process of matching FARS and BMCS cases. A small number of the common variables (referred to as MATCH variables) were used to determine when a FARS case matched (i.e., was potentially the same as) a BMCS case. That is, if values of the MATCH variable agreed completely in the FARS and BMCS files, the cases are processed through the remainder of the match algorithm.

THE FILE MATCH PROCESS HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 1 FARS /BMC S COMMON VARIABL ES -Name FARS # BMCS f Collision Type Day of Crash Driver Age Driver Dozed Driver Drinking Driver Injured Driver Killed Driver Seat Belts Used Driver Sick Fire Hour of Crash Light Mechanical Defects Miscellaneous Month of Crash Other Object Involved Power Unit Make Power Unit Model Year Ramp I nvo lved Ran Off Road Road Surface Roadway D ivi de d Rollover State of Crash Total Injured in Vehicle Total Killed in Vehicle Total Killed in Crash Total Injured in Crash Total Non-Truck Injured Total Non-Truck Killed Type of Defect Weather

THE FILE MATCH PROCESS HSRZ - University of Michigan

Match Variables used were as follows:

1) State of Accident 2) Month of Accident 3) Day of Accident 4) Age of Driver 5) Power Unit Make 6) Vehicle Model Year 7) Number Killed in the Accident 8) Number Killed in the Vehicle

The remainder of the common variables are ref erred to as CHECK variables. The CHECK variables are compared in the two data sets and the number of variables that are consistently coded in bothare calculated. Total agreement on the check variables would indicate a perfect match- However, less than perfect agreement was permitted in the match process. Note that those variables which are not designated as MATCH variables for a particular iteration of the match process are considered to be CHECK variables. That is, full use of all the common variables was made at each step of the process.

3.2 The Match Algorithm

Since coding of some FARS variables was significantly different in 1976 and 1977, the match process was performed separately for each year. For each year, the matching process was iterative with different MATCH variables used at each iteration and varying degrees of success in the match attained as determined by a count of the CHECK variables.

The exact algorithm used in the match process is given below.

1) Create a MATCH variable that is some combination of the common variables. For instance, the variable for the first match was State/Month/Day. A description of the MATCH variables used at each step of the iteration is given in Section 3.3.

2) Create a new ordinal variable by assigning a number to each distinct level of the MATCH variable. As a result of this process, each distinct level of the MATCH variable will have a distinct number attached to it, while mltiple occurrences of

THE FILE MATCH PROCESS HSRI - University of Michigan

the same level will have a common number.

3) Count the number of occurrences of each ordinal number created in Step 2) This count represents the number of occurrences of each MATCH variable value.

4) Redefine the MATCH variable to be equal to its original value when the count variable defined in Step 3) h7as the value 1, and to be equal to the system missing data code otherwise. Because missing data values are eliminated as possible match candidates, this step insures that only unique values of the MATCH variables are available for the match/merge.

5) Match cases from the BMCS file (as the smaller of the two data sets) to FARS cases on the basis of the MATCH variable defined In Step 4).

6) For cases where a match occurred, pass the FARS case number to the BMCS data set to provide a positive merge variable.

7) Merge the BMCS data set with the PARS data set on the basis of the FARS case number.

8) For each CHECK variable in the merged data set, create a variable that has the value 1 if the CHECK variable has the same value in both the FARS and BMCS components, and zero otherwise.

9) Count the number of CHECK variable comparisons coded 1 and divide by the total number of CHECK variables to yield a percentage value that measures the degree of match attained.

10) Code the match level indicator variable (V999) equal to the percentage match attained when the percentage indicated by Step 9) was 50% or greater.

11) Re-pool the data. That is, delete those cases from the merged data set when the match indicator defined in Step 9) is less than 50%.

12) Set the match level variable (V998) in the FARS and BMCS data

THE FILE MATCH PROCESS HSRI. - University of Michigan

sets equal to the current iteration number for the matched cases.

13) Go to Step 1)

The process outlined by Steps 2) to 4) above insures that cases are matched on a one-to-one basis, because multiple occurrences of any value of the MATCH variable are not included in the match process. Cases that do not qualify as possible match cases on a given iteration, are candidates for matching on a later iteration, however, because the MATCH variable is changed at each pass.

3.3 Results of the Match Process

Statistics showing the number of cases that were matched at each step of the match iteration are shown for calendar years 1977 and 1976 in Tables 2 and 3, respectively.

The significantly different number of matched cases in 1976 and 1977 is due to the power unit mke variable that did not offer valid truck-manufacturer code values in 1976. In 1977 the FARS system added new code values to the power unit make variable. The power unit make variable, along with driver's age, are the only two vehicle descriptor variables available for the match process. Consequently, the number of matches in 1976 was fewer.

THE FILE MATCH PROCESS HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 2

FARSfBMCS MATCHES 1977

Match I I Match Variables I # Matches ------+------+------I I 1 I State-Month-Day 1 9 43 I I 2 I State-Month-Age I 450 I I 3 I State-Month-PUMake I 8 9 I I 4 I State-PUMake-Age I 0 I I I State-Month-Day-Age I 6 I S tate-Month-Day-PUMake I 100 I I 7 I state-Month-~ay-# Killed I 7 0 I I 8 I State-Month-Age 1 17 I I 9 I State-Month-PUMake I 5 7 I I 10 I State-Month-# Killed I 5 0 I I 11 I State-Month-Day I 18

...... I Total Matches 1 2002

THE FILE MATCH PROCESS HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 3

FARSIBMCS MATCHES 1976 ...... Match # I Match Variables I i/ Matches I 1 I S tate-Month-Day I 2 I State-Month-Age I I State-Month- 3 I #Killed Acc-#Killed Veh I 4 I St at e-Month-Day-Age I 5 I State-Month-Model Yr [------+------I I ...... I Total Matches I 1563

THE FILE MATCH PROCESS HSRI - University of Michigan

THE FILE MATCH PROCESS 1

HSRI - University of Michigan

Section 4 EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS

In this section, the evaluation criteria for comparing the BMCS and FARS data sets are discussed. The two main evaluation criteria presented are the completeness of each data set and the consistency of information on common variables between data sets. Each data set is examined relative to the other to assess completeness and the resulting exclusion bias. Common variables are evaluated for consistency of coding and examined for possible reporting bias.

4.1 Evaluation Criteria

A data set is defined by describing the cases and variables that make up that data set. In evaluating a dataset, attention can be directed to the completeness of the cases which make it up or to the quality of the data and/or choice of data elements included in it. This report is not concerned with the choice of data elements, with the possible exception of indicating data elements which would have been helpful had they been included in the data set. The focus of the following section will center on a discussion of the problems inherent in assessing the completeness and reliability of the FARS and BMCS datasets relative to each other.

Measurement of the completeness of a data set can only be defined relative to another comparison data set or list. It is important to realize that the completeness of a data set, in terms of all possible cases that should be in the data' set, cannot be evaluated without a complete enumeration of all such cases. Neither the BMCS or FARS data set will be assessed with respect to those vehicles that "should" be reported but will only be compared to assess the degree of overlap between two data sets.

Data sets which do not contain all appropriate cases are subject to bias. The bias, in this case, is an exclusion bias, in that certain cases are not found in the data set. This bias may be a result of random omission of cases, but, on the other hand, may represent a

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS HSRI - University of Michigan

systematic exclusion of a certain types of cases. After an assessment of the completeness of a data set, investigation of the resulting bias is in order.

The reliability of the variables can only be evaluated relatively since both datasets may be subject to error. The matching process itself may obscure this evaluation since exact matching cannot be assured. Coding instructions may vary even though coded values are equivalent. The best that can be done here is to compare common variables in BMCS and FARS to see how well they agree and to further investigate those variables that do not agree. In this manner, reporting biases in the data sets may be identified.

4.2 Completeness of the Data Sets

The exact population of interest is all trucks that have been involved in an accident which involve a fatality and are required to submit a form reporting the accident to BMCS. There is no complete list of these vehicles. This means that there is no way to determine, with the information in the two data sets, how many cases were missed by both data collection systems. It is possible however to get an indication of the degree of overlap between two data sets. It should be noted here that both data sets have been subset. These subsets are described in Sections 2.1 and 2.2. Tables 4 and 5 summarize the results of the case matching process for years 1976 and 1977 respectively and are based on the assumption that all matches were correct.

For both years it appears that BMCS has fewer cases than would be expected given the number of cases represented in FARS. The subset of FARS used in the match process was slightly more than twice the number in our subset of cases reported to BMCS. Of the total number of FARS cases used only 32.5% in 1976 (44.5% in 1977) were found in the cases reported to BMCS.

From the data presented in Tables 4 and 5 it can also be seen that of the cases reported to BMCS, 10.7% in 1977 and 22.2% in 1976 were found not to successfully match any vehicle in the FARS subset that was

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS 16 HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 4

Applicable Trucks Reported by BMCS and FARS 1976 ...... Reported to FARS I Reported to BMCS I Yes No I Total

Yes .

No *

Total

Table 5

Applicable Trucks Reported by BMCS and FARS 1977 ...... ReportedtoFARS I Reported to BMCS ------+------I I I Yes No I Total I------+------

Yes .

Total

used in the match process. Several possible reasons for these non- matches exist such as: miscoding on key match variables; multiple accidents with similar time and location coding; missing data on key variables; or quite possibly the vehicles not found in the FARS subset

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS HSRI - University of Michigan

were in FARS but not in the particular subset used. This is likely to have happened if the body type variable (the only variable used in subsetting the FARS data set) was miscoded.

It is possible that, because of subsetting the files, both totals are in error. The BMCS file was subset to include only accidents involving fatalities, and it is likely that some BMCS reports were filed before a death occurred among the occupants of other, involved vehicles. It is also impossible to determine how much the 4954 and 481 2 FARS cases over-represent vehicles that should have been reported to BMCS. The subset of vehicles used was larger than what is specified by the BMCS reporting criteria. This was done to insure that none of the appropriate vehicles were specifically excluded in the chosen subset. The percentages mentioned above can be thought of as a conservative estimate of the percentage of BMCS cases found in FARS. The percentages may in fact be larger if the number of vehicles that are required to report to BMCS in the FARS subset is smaller than the actual number of FARS vehicles used or if the BMCS cases which were not matched are, in fact, represented in the FARS file.

It appears that there may have been omissions of cases from both data sets. It is desirable to examine the information available to see whether there are differences between the cases that were found to match and those that did not match. The analysis must be restricted to those variables common to both files and involve variables that may relate to whether an accident is reported or not. Three variables, accident type (i.e. whether the accident is a single or a multiple vehicle accident), power unit make, and carrier type where chosen for this discussion. Tables 6 and 7 present the distributions of accident type for the matches and the non-matches in the 1977 and 1976 data sets respectively. Also included in these tables are distributions for those matched and non-matched cases for which there was data present from the FARS Interview data set.

In both tables it appears that the percentage of single vehicle accidents is slightly higher for the BMCS and the FARS cases that did

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS 18 HSRI - University of Michigan

not match than for those that did. The small increase is probably not practically significant. The FARS Interview distributions for match status by accident type are not directly comparable to the BMCS and FARS distributions. The FARS Interview cases are a specific subset of FARS data that were used in the FMVSS 121 Project and were included to show that distributions of accident type for the mtched and non-matched cases used in the FARS Interview subset were practically the same.

Table 6

Accident Type by Data Set Subset on FARS/BMCS-Match Status 1977 ...... FARSIBMCS I I Status I % Single % Multi % M.D. I N ...... BMCS Data I I Match . I 21.9 72.0 6.0 1 2002 I I No Match I 29.8 62.3 7 .9 1 265 I I Total I 22.8 70.9 6.3 1 2267 ...... I I Match . I 22.4 77.3 0.3 [ 2002 I I No Match I 24.9 74.9 0.2 1 2952 I I Total . I 23.9 75.9 0.2 1 4954 -- - ...... FARS Interview Data I I Match . 1 14.6 80.5 4.8 1 745 I I No Match I 10.5 8 4.2 5.4 1 746 I I ...... Total . 1 12.5 82.4 5 .1 1 1491

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 7

Accident Type by Data Set Subset on FARSjBMCS-Match Status 1976

- - - FARS/BMCS I I ...... Status I % Single % Multi %MOD. I N BMCS Data I I Match . I 23.6 69.8 6.7 1 1562 I I No Match I 31.5 61.9 6.6 1 441 I I ...... Total I 25.3 68.0 6.6 1 2003 ...... FARS Data I I Match . I 24.6 75.1 0.3 1 1563 I I No Match I 28.3 71.6 0.2 1 3249 I Total . I 27.1

FARS Interview Data I I Match . I 12.7 7 3.9 13.4 1 537 I I NoMatch I 14.1 77.7 8.2 1 673 I I Total . I 13.5 76.0 10.5 1 1210

Table 8 gives the distributions of power unit make by match status for 1977. Again the distributions vary slightly by match status but the variability is small. In the BMCS cases not found in FARS the percent of Chevys and Fords appears higher and Macks and Whites appears lower than for those cases that matched a FARS case. For the FARS cases that did not match, the percentage of Chevys, Fords, and Unknown types appears higher and International Harvesters and Macks appear lower than

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 8

Power Unit Make by Data Set Subset on FARS/BMCS-Match Status 1977 ...... I FARS I BMC S Make I------+------I Match No Match Total I Match No Match Total ------+------+------I Other 1 2.1 I Brkway I 1.0 I Chevy 1 2.4 I Direo I 1.0 I Dodge 1 0.7 I Ford . 1 9.0 I Frtlin 1 6.4 I GM . . 1 8.9 I IH . . 1 20.5 I Kenwth 1 10.7 I Mack . 1 14.1 I Pbilt 1 6.6 I White 1 15.4 I Unk. . 1 1.0

those cases which matched a BMCS case. Note that the distributions for the BMCS matched cases and FARS matched cases are not the same. This is due to coding discrepancies in the power unit make variable for the matched cases.

The information about carrier type is available for all the BMCS

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS 2 1 HSRI - University of Michigan

cases but only for FARS cases that were included in the supplementary interview subset. The distribution of carrier type can be found in Table 9 for 1976 and Table 10 for 1977.

Table 9

Carrier Type by Match Status 1976

Match I ...... Status I Private Other BMC S I Match . 1 24.7 I No Match I 25.6 ...... FARS Interview I Match . I 31.6 63.0 5.0 I No Match I 56.7 32.4 8 7

The same pattern is present in the data for 1976 and 1977. The distributions of the matched cases for BMCS and FARS are quite similar. Incons is tencies in the two distributions result either from errors in '. coding the carrier type variable in one of the data sets or possible mismatches in the matching process.

The distribution on carrier type for the unmatched BMCS cases differs strikingly from the unmatched FARS cases. The unmatched FARS cases are predominately private carriers. These cases may represent vehicles not required to file a BMCS report. This may imply that the FARS subset used in the matching process was too large. There is, however, no way to tell in FARS which vehicles are required to submit a BMCS report. Survey results from the 121 Project indicate that about

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS 22 HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 10

Carrier Type by Match Status 1977

Match I ...... Status I Private Auth. 0 ther BMC S I Match . I 29.5 67.7 2.9 I ...... No Match I 27.5 71.3 1.1 ...... FARS Interview I Match I 32.0 62.0 5 1

No Match

50% of all tractors are operated by Authorized carriers, and that about 30% of the vehicles operated by non-Authorized carriers are used for 3 interstate trips.

From the data presented in Tables 6-8 it can be seen that there are slight variations in the distributions for accident type and power unit make for the matched versus non-matched cases. In reviewing this data it should be reemphasized that mismatches may have occurred in the matching process so that any slight differences may exist because of imperfect matching of cases. None of the percentage changes are felt to be large enough to merit the conclusion that specific types of cases are being excluded from the data set. The data presented in Tables 9 and 10 on carrier type suggest the possibility that a large number of private carriers are not reporting involvements in fatal accidents to BMCS.

3"F~~~~EVALUATION OF FMVSS 121 - FINAL REPORT", Campbell, K.L., et. al., In Preparation.

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS 4.3 Reliability of the Data Sets

The reliability of these two data sets can be examined using all variables which are common to both data sets. These variables and their role in the match process were described in Section 3.1. To assess reliability the common variables will be examined individually (one variable from each data set). The analysis is restricted to the set of matched cases.

For each variable the number of cases for which the two variables were equal for the matched cases was calculated. This data is presented in Table 11. For each variable the frequency and percentage of agreement for the matched cases is included. It is important to realize that agreement here is defined in terms of the valid code values. Any case which has missing data will be counted as a disagreement, even if both cases are missing, unless there is a valid unknown code. If this. is true and both variables are coded unknown for a given case this will be counted as an agreement. Looking at specific variables, the percent of agreement ranges from about 39% to 100%. Driver seat-belt usage agrees 38.9% (in 1977) of the time between the two data sets whereas the driver's age variable agrees 74.1% (in 1977) between the two files. The percentage agreement gives a direct measure of the consistency between the two files but does not give any information about possible biases in terms of differential reporting in the two data sets.

In order to evaluate why discrepancies occurred it is necessary to look at more detailed statistics. Contingency tables and scatter plots are helpful in determining any patterns in the cases that do not agree. In Appendix C scatter plots or contingency tables can be found for all variables listed in Table 11.

Here two variables will be discussed. Restraint usage (driver seat belt) is explored using a contingency table and driver age is examined using a scatter plot. The contingency tables for restraint usage are presented here in Table 12 for 1977 and 1976. Table 13 presents some statistics derived from the contingency table which will be used to evaluate the consistency of the restraint usage variable.

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 11

Match Status of Common Variables 1976 and 1977 FARS and BMCS

Variable I Agree Disagree I Agree Disagree

I Freq % Freq % IFreq % Freq % ------+------+------I I Collision Type ] 1706 85.2 296 14.8 1 1384 88.5 179 11.5 I I Day of Crash . 1 1815 90.7 187 9.3 1 1505 96.3 58 3.7 I I Driver Age . . 1 1484 74.1 518 25.9 1 1304 83.4 259 16.6 I I Dr. Dozed . . 1 1932 96.5 70 3.5 1517 97.1 46 2.9 I I Dr. Drinking . Dr. Injured . Dr. Killed . .

Dr. Seat Belt Driver Sick . Fire . . . . .

Hour of Crash Light . . . . Mech. Defect .

I I Month . . . . 1 2002 100 0 0 1 1563 100 0 0 I I State . . . . 12002 100 0 0 1 1562 99.9 1 0.1 I I ...... Other Obj. . . 1 1669 83.4 333 16.6 1 1317 84.3 246 15.7

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 11 Continued

Match Status of Common Variables 1976 and 1977 FARS and BMCS

Variable I Agree Disagree I Agree Disagree I------+------I Freq % Freq % I Freq % Freq % ------+------+------I I P.U. Make . . 1 1674 83.6 328 16.4 1 173 11.1 1390 88.9 I I p.U.Year . . 11596 79.7 406 20.3 11343 85.9 220 14.1 I I Ramp . . . . . 1 1912 I Ran Off Road . 1 1814 I Road Surface . 1 1773 I Road Divided 1 1721 I Rollover . . 1 1546 I Veh. Injured . 1 1613 I Veh. Killed . 1 1948 97.3 54 2.7 1 1520 97.2 43 2.8 I I Non-Truck Inj. 1 1605 80.2 397 19.8 1 1302 83.3 261 16.7 I I I I Kill. Crash . 1 1889 94.4 113 5.6 1 1498 95.8 65 4.2 I I Inj. Crash . . 1 1366 68.2 636 31.8 1 1130 72.3 433 27.7 I I Type Defect . 1 1799 89.9 203 10.1 1 1416 90.6 147 9.4 I I ...... Weather . . . 1 1552 77.5 450 22.5 1 1253 80.2 310 19.8

Looking at the data in Table 13 it can be seen that the number of cases that have information about restraint usage in BMCS but have unknown coded in FARS is larger than the number of cases that have

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS 2 6 HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 12 Distribution of Driver Restraint Usage BMCS vs . FARS ...... I FARS

- - 1 - I Yes N o Unk. Miss. I Total

I Yes. 1 172

Col% 1 10.0 39.8 31 a1 1 33.6 I I Unk. I 8 9 9 3 9 15 1 146

Col% 1 4.0 11.0 11 88 1 10.2 I I Total 1 200 8 96 331 136 1 1563 ...... 1977 I I Yes. 1 184 607 2 9 0 I 1081 ROW% 1 17.0 56.2 26.8 I Col% 1 88.0 47.5 56.4 1 54.0

Row% I Co1% I I Unk. I 6 ROW% 1 3-1 Col% 1 2.9 I Total 1 209 ...... ROW% 1 10.4 *Undefined code value.

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 13

Distribution of Possible Match Levels On Driver Restraint Usage BMCSIFARS 1976-1977

I...... +...... I Freq. % 1 Freq. % ------+------+------I I Agree . . . 1 778 38.7 1 568 36.3 I I FARS-Yes I I BMCS-NO 0 . I 19 0.9 1 20 1.3

BMCS-Yes . 1 607 30.3 1 440 28.2 I I FARS-Unk. . I I BMCS-Yes/No 1 460 23.0 1 292 18.7 I I FARS-Yes /No I I BMCS-Unk.. 1 138 6.9 1 243 15.5 I------+------I I Total . . . 1 2002 100% 1 1563 100%

information on that variable in FARS but unknown coded in BMCS. The difference is much more pronounced in 1977 than it is in 1976. What is even more spectacular about this table is the large difference for those cases where there is information about restraint usage (either a YES or a NO is coded). The overwhelming majority of those cases have the BMCS variable coded YES for restraint usage of the driver and a NO coded for the corresponding FARS variable. If random error was the only source that explained all the discrepancy one would expect approximately half of the cases with an error in one direction and the rest having the error in the other direction. If this was the case for Table 12 one would expect approximately 313 cases coded YES on the FARS variable and NO on the BMCS variable instead of the 19 found in this data set.

Summarizing this data indicates that, at least in 1977, FARS had a

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS 28 1

HSRI - University of Michigan

larger percentage of cases with unknown coded for the restraint usage variable when there was information about restraint usage in the BMCS file. It also appears that the largest percentage of the cases that disagree are those cases where the BMCS variable coding restraint usage is coded YES and the FARS variable is coded NO.

Scatter plots of driver's age in BMCS and FARS are presented at the end of this section in Figures 1 and 2. If the two files were completely consistent all of the cases should lie on a diagonal line. Table 11 indicates that 1,484 of the cases agree in 1977 and 518 cases disagree between the two files. The scatter plot for 1977 includes 1,977 cases ; the remaining 39 cases represent missing data on either or both driver age variables. The scatter plot for 1976 contains 1,557 cases; the remaining 6 cases are also due to missing data and are part of the 259 cases that disagree on driver's age.

Visually comparing the two scatter plots it appears that for 1976 the two data sets were somewhat more consistent. Some of the variation in the variables may be due to the matching process itself. One possible source of bias was suggested by looking at a contingency table equivalent to the scatter plot. If the driver's age was obtained by subtracting the birth year from the death year, the driver's age may be off by one year. To investigate this, the difference between the BMCS driver's age variable and the FARS driver's age variable was examined for both years to see what percentage of cases that matched were within one year of the other. This data is presented in Table 14.

It can be seen from this table this bias does not explain all of the inconsistencies between the data sets. Except for the incorrect matches, which will account for at least some of the inconsistencies, there is not enough information to identify any other possible systematic biases in the driver's age variable.

These two variables were used to show the usefulness of the statistics found in the contingency tables and scatter plots found in Appendix C. Each variable needs to be examined on its own right to be able to make any judgements about possible bias in the coding of the

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS HSRI - University of Michigan

Table 14

Distribution of Driver Age Differences BMCS/FAXS

Difference I------+------I Freq. % I Freq. % ------+------+------1 I More than 1 year I 3 9 2.5 1 119 2.5 I I lyear ..... I 9 9 6.4 1 154 7.7 I I 0 (equal) . . . . 1 1304 83.8 1 1484 74.2 -1 Year . . . . . 1 6 5 I I Less than -1 year I 5 0 3.2 1 151 7.5

data in either of the data sets.

EVALUATION OF THE DATA SETS

HSRI - University of Michigan

w K + + .wNC +

Figure 2 Scatter Plot of Driver's Age - 1977

DATA SET DOCUMENTATION . HSRI - University of Michigan

Section 5 DATA SET DOCUMENTATION

Two years of data, 1976 and 1977, and three data sets for each year, FARS, FARS Interview, and BMCS, were used in this project. These data sets were merged into one data set for each year. This section describes the two merged files and their structure and also documents the data tape produced from these files.

5.1 File Structure

The final merged file is a vehicle file and thus each record (case) in the file represents one vehicle. For each case three sections of variables are present, representing: FARS, FARS Interview, and BMCS data, as well as several descriptive variables describing the match status of the case. It is important to understand that many cases are missing data on entire sections of variables because that particular case was not matched to that particular data set. Variable 9000, the last variable of each case, denotes what data sets are present for that case.

Figure 3 is a visual representation of the structure of the merged file. The numbers on the boxes are the code values of v9000 for that combination of valid and missing data. Thus to perform a comparison of variables from two of the data sets the analysis should be limited to the stratum or strata of v9000 which contain valid data for the variables. The cases used for analysis must be limited in this way because all missing-data values for non-va lid (not-ma tched) portions of cases are zero and the code value zero may be valid for the particular variable (such as number killed) being analysed.

5.2 Output Tape

The data tape containing the final, merged 1976 and 1977 data sets is written on an IBM-labelled, 9 track, 1600 b.p.i. magnetic tape with an EBCDIC character set in a FB format with a block size of 18750 and a record length of 375. Variables are on the data tape, by case, in the

DATA SET DOCUMENTATION HSRI - University of Michigan

+------3 I I I I I FARS I INT I BMCS I I------+------I I I I I 1 I M.D. I I------I I I I I 5 I M.D. I

Figure 3

Structure of the Merged Files with Code Values of the Strata Variable CASEST, V9000 (M.D.=Missing Data)

order in which they appear in the codebook in Appendix C. Field widths for each variable may also be found in Appendix C. Where code values do not fill the entire field allowed the code value is right justified in the field and the remainder of the field to the left of the code value is filled with blanks.

As mentioned in section 5.1, cases which contain unmatched portions within the record (i.e. a case may contain only valid data on FARS variables because no Interview data or BHCS data could be matched to that particular case) will have a value of zero for every variable in the unmatched portion of the record. Some of these zeros may be valid code values even though the variable itself is invalid for that particular case. Care should be exercised to exclude invalid portions of records, particularly when zero is a valid code value for the variable under analysis.

DATA SET DOCUMENTATION HSRI - University of Michigan

A final point should be made concerning the representation of the data set in Figure 5.1. It could be inferred from the figure that the various strata are contiguous and in blocks within the data set. This is not the case; in fact, the strata are mixed randomly so that only by the use of v9000 can the valid portion of a given case be determined.

DATA SET DOCUMENTATION HSRI - University of Michigan

DATA SET DOCUMENTATION HSRI - University of Michigan

SECTION 6 SUMMARY

The purpose of this project was to match and evaluate cases from the FARS and BMCS data sets for 1976 and 1977 which represent heavy trucks involved in fatal accidents. A number of significant findings that resulted from this study are summarized in this section.

A computer algorithm using common variables was developed to match the two data sets. Eleven iterations were done for the 1977 data and five iterations for the 1976 data, resulting in an 88% and 78% match of the BMCS data for 1977 and 1976, respectively. Approximately one-half of the 1977 total matches, and two-thirds of the 1976 total matches, resulted from the first match attempted for each year, which combined State, Month, and Day of the accident. The availability of County information in the BMCS data set would have increased the number of reliable matches.

The BMCS subset that was used is approximately half the size of the FARS subset used. Approximately 10%of the BMCS cases were not matched to any case in the FARS subset used in the matching process. Despite the fact that the BMCS subset used was only half the size of the FARS subset, the distribution of certain key variables in the two subsets are approximately the same. Those cases found in the BMCS data set but not in the FARS subset would have to be examined individually, perhaps in a hard copy review of the raw data, to determine why they were not matched.

Comparison of responses to the BMCS and FARS variables was complicated by the nature of the matching process. For most of the twenty-nine variables common to both files, there was approximately 80% to 90% agreement between the two files. Potential bias is specific to each variable, and data are presented by variable for those interested in specific comparisons.

The comparison of two rather extensive data sets can produce a tremendous amount of detailed material describing the similarities and differences that were encountered. The primary objective of the present

SUMMARY 37 HSRI - University of Michigan

effort was the development of the match algorithm and the merging of the two data sets. Descriptive statistics concerning the similarities and differences between the two data sets on the common variables available are included in this report. However, detailed analyses of all these variables or conclusions concerning the 'correctness' of either data set is beyond the scope of this study.

SUMMARY APPEND ICES

APPENDICES HSRI - University of Michigan

APPENDIX A

FARSIBMCS MERGE FILE CODEBOOK

APPENDICES FAR3 VARIABLES Page 1

FREQ, STATE

01, Alabama 02, Alaska 04, ~~izona 05, Ark?;ses 06, Cal 4 forda 08, Caloradg 09, Connecticut 10, Oglaware 11, Distr(ct 07 Columbfa 12, ~lorida 13, Georgfa 15, Hawsti 16, Idaho 17, 11ljno~a 18, Indiana 19, Iowa Za, Kansas 22, Kenfu;ky 22, Louis4ana 23, Malnc 24, Maryland 25, Massachusetts 26, ~jehlgan 27, Mjnncsota 28, M!SS{ ssjpdi 29, Missour! 30, Montana 31, Nebrarka 32, Nevada 33, New ~am~shipe 34, New Jsr?ey 35, New Mexfca 36, New Yerk 37, North carelifla 38, North Dakota 39, Ohf~ 40, Oklahoma 41, Orsaon 42, ~ennsylvania 43, Puerto Rico 44, Rhode Island 45, South Carolina Pase 2 FAR3 VARIABLES

FREQ, STATE

46, South ~akota 47, Tennessee 48, Texa8 49, Utah Sfl, Vfrm9nt 51, Virgjnia 53, Wash t ngtep 54, Hest ~lygtnia 55, Wiscons4n 56, Wvaming w--~mwI-II-IL variable. 4 SEQUENCE ID M,D,Codes; 9999r None 1mmwm.mm-mw1m m-m----~mm-mmm-m~-~~w-~m F{eld width; 4, Numepic

OOOla Case number one

9999, Case number 9999 mlwmmmwml-mr- ~ariabl e 5 CITY . M,D,Codea; , 9999r None ~.~I~LI-WL-IW m~--~-~~----~.-~-~-m--.~ field width; 4, Numeric

FREQ, G3A GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION CODES

0000, ~otappl {cable 0001, 8 GSA Cedes 9996, 9997, Other 9999, Unknown m*mwa.*---m-- variable 6 COUNTY M,D,Codesl 9991 None rrr.rrrr-rr.m m~rrrrawmmrrrmwm--r*~~-L F(e1d w {dthi 3, Numerfc -

PREP, GSA GEOGRAPHICAL LOCAT!ON CODES

001, a GSA codes 9968 997, Other 999a Unknowfi mmqmqwmRw-*-- variable 7 MONTY M,D,Cadesr 99 r N~ne wl---ll-w---m ma-mw-----m--m~-----m-.~- Field Width1 2, FJumerie

FREQ, MONTH

01, January 02, February 03, Mafch F4RS VARIABLES

FREQ, MONTH

04, ADP~I 05, May 06, June 07, July 08, August 09, September 18, October 11, November 12, Decemba~ 99, Missing data mrmmawm-mm-1- ~afiable 8 DAY M,D,Codes; 99r None mm.wmrmmwLw.. .mm.q.ImmwmImm---~-~--~~ Fftld W/dthz 21 Numer l c

FREQ, DAY

01, ~irstday a? month - , 31, Last dav oi month 99, U~known

I*-mmmm-WWWCI ~sriabl e 9 YEA6 M,D,CO~OSZ 99, None mrrmr.awmmrmr mmrrwr~wrrwrr~~rmrrm~cm~F! el d width j 2, Numeric

FREQ, YEAR

mIaImm-mm-ICI variable 10 HOUR . , M,D,Codes~ 99r Ne?e m--qmmwm------W~---~W---~~.---;-----; F{r\d ridthj 2, Numeric

FRGQ, HOUR 00. Missing data 01. 12:01 - 12:59 A.M. 24. 11:OO - 11:59 P.M. 25. Midnight 99. Unknown mmmmmrmrmmwrr variable 1 WINUTE ,: M,O,Codesr 99 4 None --m--- W.~.W-U~{eld width: 2, Numerjc Pa~e 4 FARS VARIABLES

- m*mwm11mm*-mm Variable. 12 NO, VEHICLE F~RMS. M,D,Codes: 99 r None mm~-I-mmwmm~- ~.~m~mmmmm-m-m~---~-=-m- Field ~ldthi 2, Numerlc

00, = , Actual number submitted 98, 99, Unknown mwwmmmmrm-.-a variable 13 NO, PERSON FORMS M,O,CO~CSI 99 r None mIw.mmm-mmww- L~.-C--~------~---~---~ Field Wldthr 21 Numeric

FREQ~ NO, OF PERSON FORMS SUBMITTED FOR ACCIDENT

00, , , Actual number submitted 98 1 99, ~nknown m.m*mmwmwmm-m Vari abl e. 19 VEHICLES INVOLVED M,b,Codes: 991 Nbne r---wrrrmrmmr arrmrarrrmr~rmwmmrmmwm-m $(eld Width1 21 Numerfc

FREQ, VEHICLES INVOLVED

count inc)udes only-meter vehiel sr in trans~ert Daes not Include barked vehicles, which ere not T,U,'s,

01, one vehjcle igvolved Q2, Two vehicles lnyolved 03, Three ve$icles Involved 04, Fgur veh!clea fnvolved 05, Ftve ve~lclea,inv01ved 06, Six vehicles tnyolved 07, Seven vehjcles jnvelved 08, Ejght vehtctes.lnv~lved 09, Ntne vehfclea. lnvelved 10, Ten vehicles involved - I 98, ~jnetyciskt vehicles 99, Missing date

~mmq~mmmmmmwm 9 I ~ariable. IS LANOUSE , M,b,Codear None 2mm-mmmmmm-m1 ~m-Imll-em-l-m~-w---~--~ Field ~~dthz1, Nurnerjc

FREQ, LOCATION IY TERMS OF POPULATION DENSITY

1, Urban 2, Rural 9, Unknawfi PARS VARIABLES Page 5

wwm*w-w*-m-*w variable 16 CLASS OF TRAFFICWAY M,D,Cadest 9r Nopa www,.l~.r.l-.. .m--m--~F( 01 d w (dthi 1, Numepic

1, Interstate 2, Other 1 fmited access 3, Other U,S, route 4, Other State route 5, Other major artery 6, County ~oad 7, Local street 8, Other road 9, Unknown www--w~WrWmmm variable 17 TA 1 CLASS 196) M,D,Codes t 9 r None -mm-wwwr~~~-m~~~~~W~~~~~~~I~I~ICIIZI~~ Field 44dthi 1, Numeric

1, Interstate 2, Travelwav Interstate. 3, Other Federal Aid ~rtmary 4, Federal id secondary state 5, Federal Aid secondafv local 6, Othep state 7, Local ~oadsand streets 8, Federal aid urban systems 9, Unknowe

.wwwmw~mCIww~ lariabte 19 FIRST HARMFUL EVENT M,D,CO~~S; 99r None wm--mw-.r~~-~ ~--.II~-I----Iw--w-~.I==- Field ~(dthi 2, Numeric

FREQ, EVENT OF FIRST PROPERTY DAVAGE OR INJURY

Overturn Fi re/~x~tosion Immersfon Gar ighalation Fell from vehlcfc Inlured in vehjcje Other ngn-eallfs{on Pedestrian Pedalcycle Ra! luav train Animal Metor vehjcle in transport Motor vehicle fn other roadway Parked motop vehicle Other object (not fixed1 Brjdge or OVeFPaS3 Building ~ulvert/~itch Curb or wall Pase 6 FAR9 VARIABLES

FREQ, EVENT OF FIRST PROPERTY DAPAGE OS INJURY

20, ~ivide? 21, Embankment 22, Fence 23, Guard rail 24, L]ght SUP DO?^ 23, Sign ~03t 26, Trec/Shrubberv 27, utility pale 28, Other PO~~S/SUPPO~~ 29, Other collision with iixed object 99, Unknown

1-mww~mm--ma~ variable. 20 MANNER OF COLLISION M,D,Codes: 9 I None m-m-mwm-rm-m- m~m-~mm-mm.-mmw~~mmmwmm. Field Wjdth* 1, Numeric

FREQ, RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TMO OR MORE VEHICLES IN TRANSPORT

0, ~otap~~ieab!e Ia Rear-end 2, Head-on 3. Req~mto-rear 4, Angle S, ~(dcswipe 9, Unknown mm-qqm----*w- variable 21 RELATION TO JUNCTION M,O,Codes; , 9 r None mmmlmmm-ml--- --m1w--mrnm-~~-~~--~---m- F{eld W{dth! 1, Numeric

FREQ, RELATION TO JUNCTION

InNoo-junctjgn 21 Intersectfan 3, Intersect fan related 4, Inferchange area 5, Drivewayr alle~laccessp etc, 9, Unknown wm-m-mmw-ma-* variable 22 RELATION TO ROADWAY M,D,Codesr 9 r ~ene r--m-mmmwm*-m L"m~----"m-m--m----.,---m Ffeld Widthl 1, Numer t e

FREQ. RELATION TO ROADWAY

1, On roadway 2, Shoulder 3, Madla? 4, Raad~ide 5, Ou!s!da rim-04-ray 6, Off roadway * location unknown 9, Unknown FAR$ VARIABLES Page 7

mmwqmwm-mmm-- variable 23 TYPE OF TRAFFICNAY M,D,Codes! 9, None IWII~IW-mm-mm ~-mmm--m-~w-~wmm~~-mm--m Field Widthi i, Numeric

1. ph~sical!y divided, 2, Not ohyrica!!y divlded 3, One way trafficway 9, Unknown

-w-1111--***1 variable 24 NUMBER OF LhNES M,D,Codesr 9, None -mI-Im.-..-.. .LI.IIwmImIII.mII~I.-m..I ~ieldw{dth; 1, ~urnerie

FREQ, NUMBER Of LANES

A4readway 4s one dart o? a di~ideg.trafiiew.~or, 1f undivldedr the same as the trafficwav,

1, One lane 2, Two lanes 3, Th~eelanes 4, Four lanes 5, F!ve lanea 6, Sir or mope lane8 9, Unknown

m~~~~awWma-~m variable 25 SPEED-LIMIT M,D,Codesr 99r None mawmwm~---m~mm~m-w--mm~~m-w Field Width! 2, Numeric

FREQ, SPEED LIMIT

05, ~iveMPH 10, Ten MPH 15, ift teen MPH ZB, Twenty MPH 25, Twenty-ffve MPH 30, ~kirt~HPH 35, Thirty-flve MPH 40, Forty MYH 45, Fo~ty-ffveYPH 50. ~jit~MPH 55, ~lfty-jiveMPH 95, 95 HPH or greater 96, No liwit 98, Not reportable 99, U~known Paoe 8 FARS VARIABLES

mm--*ImmmL-IL variable 29 PAVEMENT TYPE M,b,Codest 9 r None mmmmammm~~~rnwm-mmrnmm~-mm~~mmm~~-mm~c)m ~{dthi 1, Nurnerle

FREQ, PAVEMENT TYPE

1, Conc~ete 2, Blgcktop 3, Brick or block 4, Slag, gravel or stone 5, Di~t 6, Other 9, Unknown m~*~-*mm~I-~~ variable 36 SURFACE CONDITION M,b,Codes: 9 r None m*--mnmw--mmm anammum--*-- Field Width1 il Nume? ie

FREQ, SURFACE CONDITION

0, None 1, Wet 2, Snow 3, Ice 4, $andt dirt, ail 5, Other 9, Unlcnowrl

1m111m-m-1-m- ~eri abl e 31 TRAFFIC CONTROLS M,D,Codest 994 None -m-m..mm-~~mm m-~m~------~- Field ~fdthi 2, Numeric

FREQ, TRAFFIC CONTPOLS

00, No eo?trols dm 01, Flashtne trett!? signals 02, On colors traffic sfgnal 03, Sfo~sign, 04, Yield slgn RS, Pkvst epl lv-cant rol led rai 1 read erolsfng 06, Stop slgp for ailr road crossing 07, Other rsl 1 road ~ross{ng 08, School zone slgn 09, Othor, 10, Traffic eontrols not iunctionins 99, Unknown mo-m-mm-m-~mm ~ariable. 32 LIGHT CONOITION M,D,Codec; 9 4 None mmw-mm-m-mmmm rn-m~am-m-mm--mm-~m*---m- Field width: 1, Numerte

LIGHT CONOITION

1, Daylight 2, Dark 3r Dark but lighted 4, Dawn or dusk .. .

FAR3 VARIABLES Page 9

FREQ, LIGHT CONDITION

9, Unknown mmomm-l-ol-CI ~ariable- 33 YEATHER/ATMOSPHERE M,D,Codesr lm.mmmm-m~-m~ m~mmI~mm~-~IIIm~~m~~-~~~Field ~idthi

FREQ, ENVIRONHENTAL CONDITIONS AT TIME OF ACCIDENT

0, Noge 1, Ralr? 2, Sleet 3r Snow 4, Fog, swogr smoke, blowing sand or dust 5, Heavy overcest 6, Other 9, Unknown mmm.mmmwmmmmn variable 34 HIT8RUN M,O,Codesf , 9 r Wone m-m-mmmn~m-~~ omw~wn~~~~mmm-*~--~m~m*-Field Width1 14 Numeric

FREQ, HIT & RUN

0; Not ap~licable. 1. With motor vehlcle 2, With nan-oecupant

nmmwmmwmmmmml ~ariable 35 TYPE E,M,S,(~~) M,D,Cod?sr 9 4 None mmmmmmmmmmmmm ~wm~ammw~wwmmm~mm~~mm.~amField Width! 1 r Numeric

FREQ, TYPE OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE

No-e Commercial or ~rivateunit Muni~i~alor volunteer unjt Hospital based unit 4, State or federal untt 5, Other 6, Tyoe unknown 7. Two or mare tvpes 8, Yot reeortable 9, Unkeown

mamm.m-mm*mw

lariable 40 SCHOOL BUS M,O,Codes: , 9 t None --mwwma--m-m- --~-C~C+~II)-=WW~*~--~~~-= Field Width; Ir Nuverie

FREQ, SCHOOL BUS

0, No 1, Yes 9, Unknown Page 10 FAR$ VARIABLES

mmom~wmmo~~mm - ~ariabl e 41 CONTRIBUTING FACTOR M,D,Codesr 99r 0 mm~-q---rm--. ~~--I~zIII~I-I~I--*L~--II ~{eldwidth: 2, ~urneric Res~onsest 3

FREQ, CONTRIBUTING FACTOR

00, None

vision Obscured BG 01. Rsln, snow, jog, smoke, sandt dust 02. ~sileetedglare, bright synligbt, headlight8 03, Cupvet hill, or-other design features (Includlns srafftc signs? embankment) 04, Bufldifia, btllboatdr $tea 05, T~eee,crop?, vegetation 06, Moving vehjcle (fncludfng load) 07, Parked vehfele 08, Other object not classiiiable above

~wervimDue To 20, Spverc crarsui nd 21, Wfnd from passing truck 22, Sl l~pprvsurface 23, Av04dlng deSr4s or abject3 in road 24, Ruts, ,holes! bumps ir road 25, Avajdjns gniyals in read 26, 4votding vehicle 4n road 27, Avo!d!ng ehantam vehlcle 28, Aveiding oedestrfan~cve!i st athe? nenaoecupants 29, ~voidlnswater, snow, oi 1 sl iek on road

Roadway Features 40, Traf fie controls not iunctonlng pro~erlv 41, Inadequate warning of exits, lanes narrow, traffic controls 42, Uncontrol led interrec$~onor rsi 1 r0.d CPOSS~~~ 43, Shoulder too low or high 44, Shoulders too narrow or none ?or.e?erssnev use 45, Roedwsv mafntenan9e created condifion 46, Roadway eanst?u~t~oncreated copd!t(on 47, Other conatruetion e~eatedc~nditio? 48, No gr obscured pavement markings 49, Surface underwater or washed out

Unknown . 99, Unknowrr m-lmllmlwl-lm variable 42 TOTAL NOT INJURED M,O.Codesa 99, hone mm-mmw-mmmamm ~~m--=mm-mm~~~w-mm~-aa~mFieJd Width: 2, Numetie

FREQ, TOTAL NOT INJURED

00, I , Actual number reported 99, PARS VARIABLES Page 11

mmmmaomwm---- variable 43 TOTAL C INJURIES IN ACC M,D,Codes: 991 None mmmm-mmm-m-m~ ~-III~cI~~w~-I~-~I-c-.I~- Fdeld Width1 24 nu me^! t

FREQ, TOTAL C INJURIES IN ACC

BQ" l , Actual number reiorted 99 a

1mmmmm-mmmmwm variable 44 TOTAL 0 INJURJES IN ACC M1OaCode~: 99 r None m-m-m-m--ammm -mwmmmm---w*-mw---~.~~-~- Field ~idth: 2, Numerte

FREQ, TOTAL 8 INJURIES IN ACC

00, rn a Actual number reoorted 99, mmm*mwIammm-- variable 45 TOTAL A INJURIES IN ACC M,baCodes; 99 Nqne .mmwmm.mml-l~ -CI~---II-I-----~I.~~-C- Fiet d WIdt h j 2, Numerle

FREQ, TOTAL A INJURIES IN ACC

00, rn , Actual number reported 99 a mmmmmm-mm-m-~ variable 46 TOTAL KILLED IN ACC . M,D,Codest 99, None mmw-m-i.mw--m m~---m~~~~~m-~----~~~m--Pf 1 d width; z4 Nuser i c

FREQ, TOTAL KILLED IN ACC 1

00, rn , Actual number reported 99 a mmm-mIILm~mmw variable 47 TOTAL DIED PRIOR TO ACC M, D, Codes I 99 r Nane --mm-----mm-m mmmm-memm-mm-wmmmmm.-mmm ~leld~idtht 2, Numer / c

FREQ, TOTAL DIED PRIOR TO ACC

00 a a Actual number reported 99 a Paqe ii! PARS VARIABLES

Wwww~mmmmwm-m variable- 48 TOTAL UNKNOWN INJURIES M,D,Codesr 99r Nane WIW.~~W~~W-WIw~I~-w-I--cL~I~wwI~~-~-- Field Width; 2, Numerie

FREQ, TOTAL UNKNOWN INJURIES

00, , Actual number re~orted 99,

mmmwmmmwmmmwm variable 49 TOT4L # OF PERSONS M,O,Coder; 99r Nope W~-~~W~~WWWWWL~.w~~wII~~~~~w.wwL~~wIc. F{el d ~idt h : 2, Numerlc

FREQ, TOTAL # OF PERSONS

00" Acturl number reported 99"

mIC*m*~mlemwm variable 50 TOTAL INJURED. IN ACC ~,l),codesi 99, None -w-~wwmm~m~mmm~-mmmmmmmwm.m~-mmm~mmwm F 1 e 1 d w i d h : 2, Nurner 4 c

FREQ, TOTAL INJURED IN ACC

00 @ - , Actual number reported 99,

mmwww2mwwm-11 ~a~iable51 TOTAL # OF CASUALTIES M,b,Cades; 99, None -W-W~WI-~I-~W ~mw~~~mm~~wmww~-m~wm~~~mField W{dth: 2, Nurierje

FREQ', TOTAL # OF CASUALTIES

@0, - , Actual number reported 99,

wmLIICww~-mww ~eriab!s 52 TOTAL # OF PEDESTRIAdS M,O,Codest 99 r None wwllmlI---mwm wmmwmmwmmmww~m-~--~m~~~~FleJd Wldthl 2, NU~~P~C

FREQ, TOTAL # OF PEDESTRIANS

00, - , Actual number re~orted 99 @ FAAS VARIABLES Page 13

*l*rrr*r**r** The vehi c~ e ~apiabl es r*s*tt*****s*s Varlab!es 101 through 161 describe the vehicles involved In the sectdent, They are in the-yehlele Level...... iites but NOT in the Accident Level ftles, mIIIICI-mmIw* variable. 101 VEHICLE NUMBER M,D,Cados$ , 99 r None am-~ammmwa.~~ l.-~~-~w~~~-~~m--~w~mmwmField Wldth: 2, Nume r ie

FREO, VEHICLE NUMBER

00, Pedes t r i an 01, , vehicle number 99, mC~ImIm-I--II ~ariable. 102 MAKE-MODEL M,D,Codesl 9999, None mmm~rmmmm-wm- WLI~-LIII-.IC~I------~-.I Ft e l d w i dth ; 4, Numer 4 e

FREQ, 1976 MAKEwMODEL CODE VALUES

0101, Chtvrelet Nava 0102, Chevralet Chevelle 0103, Chevrolet Monte Carlo 0104, Chevrolst Biseayne 0105, Chevralet Be1 Atr 0106, Chevrotet Impala 0107, Chevralet Caprice 0108, Chevrelet Camaro 0109, Chevrolet Corvette 0110, Chevralet Corvair 0111, Chevralet Veer 0112, Chevrolet El Camino 0113, Chevrolet Monza 0114, Chevrolet Laguna 0115, Chev~atetChevette 0197, Other Chevrolet 0198, Nan repa~t8bleChevralet 0199, Unknown Chevrolet 0201, Cord Falcon 0282, Fard Maverick 0203, Ford Torino 0204, Ford Galaxte 0205, Ford LTD 0206, Fard Mustang 0207, Ford ~hunderbird 0288, Fard Cu3tom SB0 0209, Fa~dXL %210, Ford Ptnto 0211, Ford Ranchero 0212, Fard d213, Ford €lit0 0214. Fard Granada 0297, Other Ford 0298, Nan reeartable Ford Pase 14 FAR$ VARIABLES

FREQ: 1976 PAKE~MOOELCODE VALUES

0299, Unknown Ford 0301, Pontlac Lernan? 0382, Pontiac Catalina 0303, ~onti ac Execut ! ve 0304, Pant l ac Bonnev l l 1 e 0305. pent j ac Gfand. Prix 0306, Pant iac Fi rebi rd 0307, Pantlac Grandyille 0308, Pantise Laurentlan 0309, Pontiac Ventura 0310, Pontiac Grand Am 0311, Pant!ae Astre 0312, Pontfac Sunblrd 0313, Pantlac Grand Lemans 0397, Other Pentlac 0398, Non re~ortabje~ontiac 0399, Unknown Pantlac 0401, Bufck $4~1arkl~efltury 0482, ~ulekLysabre 0403, Buick Wlldeat 0404, Bu!ck Eleqtra Pl405, Bule4 Rl,vlgra 0406, Bujck Soeelrl S~ortswagon 8407, Bulek Lessb~eCustom 0408, ~uickEstate Wason 0409, Butek Apollo/Skylark 0410, 8uiek skyhawk 0497, Other ~uiek 0498, Nan reportable ~uick 0499, Unknown ~uick 0501, Plymauth Val {ant 0502, Plymouth Satell!te/Fury 0503, Ply~outhFury I 0504, Plymouth Grand Fury 0505, Plymouth Grand Fury Custom 0506, Plymouth FUPY Brougham 8587, Plymouth Barrscuda 0508, Plymouth Valiant Scarno 0509. Plymouth Valiant Dusts? 0510, Plysouth Volrre 0597, Othe~Plymouth 0598, Nan reoartable Plvmauth a599, Unknown Plymouth 8601, 01 dsmobj 1 e Cut \ ass 0602, Oldamabfle Oeltam08 6603, Oldsmebfle 98 0604, 01 dsmab! 1 a To~onado 0605, Oldsmab!le Dynemfc/Delment 0606, Oldrmobfle Jetstap-88 0607, Qldsmob!le Vista Cruiser 0608, 01 dsmabf 1e Omega 0669, Oldamablls St9rfire 0697, Other Otdamoblle 0b98, Nan re~artableOldsmobfle 0699, Unknown Oldsmab~le FARS VARIABLE3

FREQ, 1976 MAKE-MODEL CODE VALUES

0701, Dodge Dart 0702, Dodge Coronet 0703, Dodge Polara 0704, Dodge Monaco 0705, Oodge Challan~er 0706, Dodqe Charqer/Coronet 0707, Dodge Dart Spqrt 0708, Dedqe Dart 8winger 0709, Dodae Aspen 0797, Other Dadse 0798, Nan reportable Dodge 0799, U~knownDodse 0801, Vol kswaqen Karmann hi a 0802, Votkswasen Beetle 0803, V01 kswaaen Oasher 0804, Val kswaoen 411/412 0805, Volkswsaen Commerclal 0806, V~lkawegenThe Thins 0807, Volkswaqen Rakott 0808, Volkswaoen Se$recco 0897, Other Vqlkswasen Q898, Nan reportable Volkswagen 0899, Unknown Yelkswagen 0901, Mercury Mo~teao 0902, Mercury MontereV 0903, Mercury Monteray Custom 0904, Mercury Marauder 0905, Mercu~yMarauis 0906, Mercury Cousar 0907, Mercury Comet 0908, hercury Brougham 0909, Mereu~yMonarch 0910, Mercury Bobcat 0997, Other Mercury 0998, Nan re~artableMercury 0999, Unk~ownMercury lB01, Cad! llsc Calafs 1002, Cad!llae Oevflle 1003, Cadjllac Brouqham 1004, Cadjllac Eldorado 1005. Cad! 1 lac Commercial chassis 1006, Cadjllae fleetwood 1007, Cadlllae Sevtlle 1a97, Other Cadillac 1098, Nan reportable Cad(l1ae 1699, Unknown Cadillae 1101, Amctlcan Mators Grernl in 1102, ~merieanMotora Hornet 1183, American Motors Matador 1104, American Motors Ambassador 1105, American Motera Javel In 1106, American Yotore AMX lie78 4meriean Motors Marlln 1100, Amerlcan Motors Rambler/Arne~ican 1109. Amerlean Motors Pacer

FIRS VARIABLES

FREQ, 1976 MAKEaMOOEL CODE VALUES

1799, Unknown ~a~ri 1801a Mazda 808Ilb00 18a2, Mazde RX2 1803, Ma~daRX3 1804, Yazda RXU 1897, Other Hazde 1898, Nan reportable Hezda 1899, U?knoyn Mazda 1901, Fjat 124 1902, Fjat 128 1903. Cjet 8SB 1904, Fiat 131 1997, Other fiat 1998, Nan reoorfable Flat 1999, Un4nown FIat 2001r VOIVO 144 2Q02r VO~VO160 2803, Valva 1806 26048 Val VQ 240 20051 VOIVO 260 2097, Other Volva 2890, Nan reoartable Volva 2099, Unkgown Velva 2101, Aud! l00LS 2182, Audi Fax 2183, 100GL/Fox 2197, Other ~udi 2198, Nan reportable ~udi 2199, Unknown Audl 22011 Colt 2291, Other Cal t 2298, Nan reportable Celt 2299, Unknown,Calt 2301, Honda ~!vic 2302, Honda Aecard 2397, Other Handa 2398, Non reparteble Honda 2399, Unknown Handa 2401, Porsche 914 2402, Parsche 911 2497, Other Parsehe 2498, Nov reportable ~orsche 2499, Unknawn Parsche 2501, MG Mldqet 25fl2, MtBlGT 2503, MG8 2597, Other MG 2598, Non reportable MG 2599, Unknowo WC 2601, Subaru G 2602, Subaru GL 2603, Subaru DL 2604, Subaru GP 2697, Other Subaru 2698, Nan reportable Subaru 2599, lJnk~~c\qnSubn~u 2799, Unknskn Arrow

9?0a, other #. 9899, Psdcst,*{.>n 9330, UIT~WU

------Variable 102 ME-XODEL M.D .Codes : 9999, None ____I__-_------Field Width: 4, Numeric

FREQ. 1977 HAKE-MODEL CODE VALUES

01 01. Chevrole t Nova 01 02. Chevrole t Chevelle 0103. Chevrolet Monte Carlo 0104. Chevrolat Biscayne 0105. Chevrolet Be1 Air 0106. Chevrolet Iqala 0107. Chevrolet Caprice 0108. Chevrolet Camaro 0109. Chevrolet Cor~ette 0110. Chevrolet Cor~air 01 11. Chevrolet Vega 0112. Chevrolet El Camino 01 13. Chevrolet Monza 0114. Chevrolet Laguna 0115. Chet-rolet Chevette 0197. Other Chevrolet 0199. Unknown Chevrolet 0201. Ford Falcon 0202. Ford Xgverick 0203. Ford Torino 0204. Ford Galalde . 0205. Ford LTD 0206. Ford Mustang 0207. Ford Thunderbird 0208. Ford Custom 500 0209. Ford XL 0210. Ford Pinto 0211. Ford Ranchero 0212. Ford 0213. Ford Elite 0214. Ford Granada 0297. Other Ford 0299. Unknown Ford 0301. Pontiac Lelrans FATAL ACCIDENT XEPORTING SYSTlinf 1977

FilEQ. 1977 :ME-I'IODEL CODE VALUES

0302. Pontiac Catalina 0303. Pontiac Executive 0304. Pontiac Bonneville 0305. Pontiac Grand Prix 0306. Pontiac Firebird 0307. Pontiac Grandville 0308. Pontiac Ventura 0309. Pontiac Grand Am 0310. Pontiac Astre 0311. Pontiac Sunbird 0312. Pontiac Grand Lemans 0397. Other Pontiac 0399. Unknown Pontiac 0401. Buick Skylark/Century 0402. Buick Lesabre 0403. Buick Wildcat 0404. Buick Elcctra 0405. Buick Riviera 0406. Buick Special Sportswagon 0407. Buick Lesabre Custom 0408. Buick Estate Wagon 0409. Buick Apollo/Skylark 0410. Buick Skyhawk 0497. Other Buick 0499. Unknown Buick 0501. Plynouth Valiant 0502. Plynouth satellite/~ub 0503. Plymouth Fury I 0504. Plynouth Grand Fury 0505. Plyaouth Grand Fury Custom 0506. Plynouth Fury Brougham 0507. Plynou th Barracuda 0508. Plymouth Valiant Scamp 0509. Plynouth Valiant Duster 0510. PPynouth Volare 0597. Other Plymouth 0599. Unknown Plymouth 0601. Oldssobile Cutlass 0602. Oldsnobile Delta-88 0603. Oldscobile 98 0604. Oldsmobile Toronado 0605. Oldsnobile Dynamic/Delmont 0506. Oldsmobile Jetstar-88 0607. Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser 0608. Oldsmobile Oicega 0609. Oldsaobile S tarf ire 0697. Other Oldsmobile 0699. Unknown Oldsnobile 0701. Dodge Dart 0702. Dodge Coronet 0703. Dodge Polara 0704. Dodge Xonaco 0705. Dodge Challenger 0706. Dodge Charger/Coronet 0707. Dodge Dart Sport FRSQ. 197 7 xGiE-XODEL CODE V.%LUES

0708. Dodge Dart Swinger 0709. Dodge Aspen 0797. Other Dodge 0799. Unknown Dodge 0801. Volkswagen Kamnn Ghia 0802. Volkswagen Beetle 0803. Volkswagen Dasher 0804. Volkswagen 4111412 0805. Volkswagen Comercial 0806. Volkswagen The Thing 0807. Volkswagen Rabbit 0808. Volkswagen Scirocco 0897. Other Volksdagen 0899. Unknovn VoE-swagen 0901. Xercury ?fontego 0902. Mercury ?vfonterey 0903. Mercury ?fonterey Custom 0904. Nercury Harauder 0905. Xercury Harquis 0906. Mercury Cougar 0907. Xercury Cocet 0908. Mercury Brougham 0909. Mercury Monarch 0910. Mercury Sobcat 0997. Other Hercury 0999. Unknown Xercury 1001. Cadillac Calais 1002. Cadillac Deville 1003. Cadiliac Brougham 1004. Cadillac Eldorado 1005. Cadillac Comercial Chassis 1006. Cadillac Fleetwood 1007. Cadillac Seville 1097. 0 ther Cadillac 1099. Unkncwn Cadillac 1100. Undetemined American Yotors 1101. herican Yotors Grsmlin 1102. American Xotors Hornet 1103. .Aaarican Hotors Yaiador 1104. hzrican Motors Arbassador 1105. Aserican Motors Javelin 1106. American Yotors .LMX 1107. Bmericzn Hotors Ranblar/~marican 1108. American >lotors Pacer 1197. 0 ther Xrnerican Xo tors 1199. Unknown American Xotors 1201. Chrysler Newport 1202. Chrysler Newport Custom 1203. Chrysler 300 1204. Chryslsr New Yorker 1205. Chrysler ~own/Counrry 1206. Chrysler Imperial 1207. Chrysler Cordoba 1297. Other Chrysler 1299. Unknown Chrysler FATAL ACCIDEYT BEPORTIEG SYSTM Page 19 1977

FEQ. 1977 ME-MODEL CODE VALLTS

1301. Lincoln Continental 1302. Lincoln Mark 111 1303. Lincoln Mark IV 1304. Lincoln Xark V 1397. Other Lincoln 1399. Unknown Lincoln 1401. Opel KadettIStandard 1402. Opel GT 1403. Opel 1900 1404. Opel Yanta 1405. Opel 2-dr Coupe 1497. Other Opel 1499. Unknown Opel 1500. Undetermined Datsun 1501. Datsun 240, 260, 280 Z 1502. Datsun 1200 1503. Datsun PL 411 1504. Datsun PL 510 1505. Datsun 1600 1506. Datsun 2000 1507. Datsun PL 610 1508. Datsun B210 1509. Datsun PL 710 1597. Other Datsun 1599. Urikncvn Datsun 1600. Undetermined Toyota 1601. Toyota Land Cmiser 1602. Toyota Corolla 1603. Toyota Crown 1604. Toyo ta Corona 1605. Toyota Mark I1 1606. Toyota Celica 1607. Toyota Carina 1697. Other Toyota 1699. Unknown Toyota 1701. Capri Sport Coupe 1797. Other Capri 1799. Unknown Capri 1800. Undetemined Yazda 1801. Shzda 808/1600 1802. Yazda EX2 1803. Mazda RX3 1804. Mazda RX4 1805. Xazda Cosmo Coupe 1806. Mazda 808/1300 1897. Other lfazda 1899. Unknown Mazda 1901. Fiat 124 1902. Fiat 128 1903. Fiat 850 1904. Fiat 131 1997. Other Fiat 1999. Unknown Fiat 2000. Unde tsdned Volvo 2001. Volvo 140 FATAL ACCIDENT RYPOATING SY STM 1977

FREQ* 19775ME-MODEL CODE VALUES

2002. Volvo 160 2003. Volvo 1800 2004. Volvo 240 2005. Volvo 260 2097. Other Volvo 2099. Unknown Volvo 2100. Undetermined Audi 2101. Audi 1OOLS 2102. Audi Fox 2197. Other Audi 2199. Unknown Audi 2200. Undetermined Colt 2201. Colt 2297. Other Colt 2299. Unknown Colt 2300. Unde ternined Honda 2301. Honda Civic 2302. Honda Accord 2397. Other Honda 2399. Unknown Honda 2400. Undetermined Porsche 2401. Porsche 914 2402. Porsche 911 2403. Porsche 912 2404. Porsche Turbo Carrera 2497. Other Porsche 2499. Unknown Porsche 2501. YG Midget 2502. MGS/GT 2503. MGB 2597. Other MG 2599. Unknown MG 2601. Subaru G 2602. Subaru GL 2603. Subaru DL 2604. Subaru GF 2697. Other Subaru 2699. Unknown Subaru 2701. Arrow 2797. Other Arrow 2799. Unkno'm Arrow 6100. Bm 6200. SSA 6300. Harley-Davidson 6400. Kawasaki 6500. Xorton 6600. Suzuki 6700. Trium~h 6800. Yanaha 8000. Brockway 8100. Diamond Reo 8200. Freightliner 5300. FhD 8400. GHC 3500. International HarcTester Paere 18 FARS VARIABLES

3 600. Ker,rit3 rth 3700. :lack 8800. Peterbilt 8900. Tdhite 9700. Other 9898. Tedes trim 9 900. Ud

Bl, Chevrolet 02, Ferd, 03, pontlac 04, Buick 05, Plymautb 06, Qldsmabi la 07, Dodue 08, Vol kswaaen 09, YSP~UPY. 10, Cadlllec 11, Amerfean Motors 12, Cbrvale~ 13, LIneoln 14, 0~01 15, Datsun 16, Toyeta 17, CQP~~ 18, Mfzda 19, F4at 20, Volvo 21, Audj 22, Celt 23, Yonda 24, Persche 25, MG 26, Suberu 27, Arrow 97, Other 98, Nat.reportsble OF ~edestrian 99, Unknown www~IIaIwwwwI variable 105 BODY TYPE (76,VILUES) M,O,Codea: 99, None WWW~II-~~IW.~ -~*wmw~m-m-mwmw~~-~~-.~w~(bld width: 2, Numorle

FREQo BODY TYPE (76 VALUES)

~utomobi1 es 01, convertible 02, Hardtop - 2 door 03, Hardtop - 4 door 64, Sedan - 2 doer 05, Sedan P door FAR9 VARIABLES Page 19

06, $tat jgnwaqon (rieludi ig von*ba,cd or t ruck~basedl 07, Onlotf road vehicle 08, Other 09, Unknown tvpe automobi 1 e 10, Coupe

Matoreycles 15, Matorcvc!o. 16, Other (rn12(bikaa, mopeds, m~tarseooters~ 17, Unknown type moto?avCle

Buses 25, School bus 26, Cross, country 27, Transft bus 28, Other 29, Unknown tvde bus

soeeiai vehicles 35, snow mob^ 1 e 36, Farm equj~mentother than t~ucks 37, Dune bussy, swam? bugq~tetc, 38, Canstructlon equipment other than trucks 39, Ambul an$e 49, Large I lrnausine more than ?our dgirs 41, Self ~ropolledcampers and motor homes 42, m ire truck

Trucks 50, ~jck,upiniludinq stake b small dump bodies and campers 51, Van 52, Truck bated station wagon 53, Single unit truck 57, Two y~it.tyuckmtractor with remirtrailer 58, Mult(-un(t; trt or trkutractor with 2+ trailers 59, Unknown type t~uck

Unknown Body Tvoe 99, Unknown body type

Variable 105 BODY TYPE (77 VALUES) M .D .Codes: 99, None ______-___------I--- Field Width: 2, Numeric

EREQ.. BODY TYPE (77 VALUES)

Passenger cab 01. Convertible 02. 2-Door sedan, hardtop, 'coupe 03. 4-Door sedan, hardtop 06. Stationwagon (excluding van-based .or truck-based) 07. On/off road vehicle 08. Other 09. UriKnovn type automobile

:fotorcycles 15. !.iotorcjcle 16. Nopeds (aotorized bicycles) 17. Other (minibikes, zc torscooters) 18. Unknokn ty?e notorcycle

Suses 25. School bus 26. Cross country 27. Transit bus 28. Other 29. Unknown type bus

Special Vehicles 35. Snowmobile 36. Farm equipment other than trucks 37. Dune buggy, suaq buggy, etc* 38. Coostruction squi7zent other than trucks.. . 39 Xzbulance, eaergency 7;~hicle such ar hearse, 2tc. 40. Large lizousins - nore than four doors 41. Self propellzd campers and notor >:ores 42. Fire truck

Trucks 50. Pickup including stake & small duq bodies and caapers 51. Van 52. Truck based station wagon 53. Single unit tmdc (10,000 < GVd < 19,500) 54. Single unit truck (19,500 < GW < 26,001) 55. Single unit truck (GVW > 26,000) 56. Single unit truck (GVW unkncwn) 57. Tvo unit truck-tractor vith seni-trailer 58. Hulti-unit: trk or trk-tractor with 21- tr3i:zrs 59. Truck-tractor pullisg no trailers 60. Unknown type truck

Pedestrian 98. Pedestrian

Unknown Zody Type 99. Unknovn body type ------Variable 106 XODEL YEAR X.D .Codes: 9 9, . !Tcne ,-,,,, -,------yield Width: 2 , ??uoeric

+ FREQ. .XODEL YE=

00. P2destrian 01. - . Actual node1 year 97. Pase 20 FARS VARIABLE3

wmwwmmmmmm-mu variable 108 VEHICLE WEIGHT M,b,Codes: 998 None mm~m-mm-m--m- w Field Width! 2, Numer i e

FREQ, VEHICLE WEIGHT

00, Net adpl ieableldedest ;ian 01, - , Actual value to nearest thousand bounds 80, 85, 81,000 - 90,000 Pounds 90, 91r000 1001000 Pounds 95, 100,000 plus pounds 98, Nat re~ortable 99, Unknown m~w~m*m-~maaw ~ariabl o 109 REGISTRATION-ST4TE M,D,Codtst 991 None -I1-.ImmIm-m- m-~.LImmI.-m-~-ml--a-m-m pie\d ~ldth; 2, Numeric

FRED, REGISTRATION-STATE

00, N; regjst;ation/not adpl ieable a!, Alabama 02, Alaska 04, ~rizana 05, Arkansas. 06, Cali forni a 08, Colorado 09, Connectfcut 10, Delaware 11, District O? Colurnbts 12, Fla~lda 13, Geerpja 15, Hawaii 16, Idabo 17, 111jnoi~ 18, Indiana 19, Iowa 28, Kansas 21, Ken!u$kv 22, Leu4 si ana 23, Malne 24, Yarvland 25, Massachusetts 26, ~jekigafi 27, Mjnmesota 28, n!s~is~jpdi 29, Mtssouri 3fl, Montane 31, Nebraska 32, Nevada , 33, New ~am~shire 34, New Jereev 35. Nan Max lco 36, New York . 37, Narth caralina - - - - -.

Page 21

FREQ, REGISTRATION-STATE

38, North oaketa 39, Ohio 4B, Oklahama 411 Oreqon 42, penqsy 1 vani a 43, Puerto Pica 44, Rhode Island 45, South Carelins 46, South Dakota 47, Tennessee 48, Texaa 09, Utah 50, Vgrmont 51, ~trgtnia 53, washfngton 54, Hest virginis 55, ~tsconsjn 56, wvomjng 93, MultJ~lestate realat;atjen - in rtgte 940 Multiple state renistrsti~n- out-of-state 95, U9SI Government tag 94, Milttarv yekic)es 97, Foretgn cauntr!cs 99, Unknown variable 11 1 INSPECTION CERTIFICATE M,D,Codes! 9 r None m----.m-mm.m.I1------m-m ~idthl -- i, Numeric FREQm INSPECTION CERTIFICATE

8, Not a~dlie~bla 1. No inspection certificate 2, Current 3, Ex~fred 8a Not reportable 9, Unknawn variable 112 TRAVEL SPEED . McD,Codesr 99 r NORO ------m-mv"".-;"".; ~f~ld~(d(hi 2, Numeric

FREQ, TRAVEL SPEED

- a Actual value 94, 98. pedestrian or not repertable 99, Unkn~wn Pase 22 FAR$ VARIABLES

~mm-mm--IL-Im variable ,113 TOWED VEHICLE M,O,Codcsr 9r None m -.mm~------mmm----*---m Field ~/dthi 1, Numerie

FREQ, TOWED VEHICLE

0, at a~dlie~ble 1. Travel trai ler/camder 2. Other ear tral ler 3, Fifth wheel tra4lar 4, Truck trailer 5, Other 8, Not ~e~ortable 9, Unknowq

Wmmmomm-~w-mm ~ariab!e lib IFPACT POINT INITIAL M,D,Codes! 99r None wm-~.~mwmwvw-m~mm-wm~m-a F I el d ~idt h: 21 Numerlc

00, Nan-col 1 i sian 01, , Clock poiits 12. 13, TOP 14, ~nderca~riase 98, Pedest rlan 99, Unknown l-l*L-al-m-ml variable 18 EXTENT OF DEFORMATION H,D,Codesl 9 r None I----~--~----m~-~-wm--m--mm-w-m~~~mm~ ~(bldW{dthi 1, Wumerlc

FREQ, EXTENT OF DEFORMATIdY

0, None 2, Other (minor) 4, Funct lonal, (moderate) 6, Disabl (ng tseve~e) 8, Pedestrian OP not reportable 9, Unknawn mImwu-mm~--Lm ~eriable,119 IMPACTS $,b,Codesr 9 , None mm.m-mmm-mmm- --mmm-mm~---m;--m;-----m Field Width; 1, Numeric

FREQ, IMPACTS

0, Nan-eo! 1 i sion 1, striking 2, Struck 3, Both 8, pedestrian 9, Unknawn FAR3 VARIABLES Page 23

~I~RI*--W*WII variable. 120 TOWAWAY ~,b,~adesi 9 r None ~mm.m~m-~-*-- ma-mmm--~m---~m-rn;m-limm- F(e\d ~(dthi 1, Numeric

0, Not applicable I, Tawed away 2, Aband~n~ed 8, Not reportable 9, Unknown l~amlwmlrllwm variable 122 FIRE OR EXPLOSION , MsDsCodgsI 9 , None I-WWW.LIWIIII I-~C.~*IIIIWW~.----WW-LI Field Width; It Numer { o

FREQ, FIRE OR EXPLOSIQN

0. ~otaosricabie I, $1 rs~er~~as~enoicurred in vehicle during accident 9, Missfng data qmlwmemlrLI0~ ~ariabla.123 NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS M,D,Codes: 99 t None ~-mmmm*~-a--. ~-ICI-ILIII~-.~---L.---- F1e)d width; 2, Nurnerle

BGJ, None 01, One oceupani 02, Two aecupants 03, Three occupants 04, Fgur occuqants QS, Fjve oecuoants Bb, Slx occupants g7, S~venoccupants 98, Efght occupants 09, Ylne occuoants 10, Ten occuPants 1lS Eleven occuqants 12, Twelve oceu~ants 13# Thi rtoen oecuPantb 14, Feurteen eccuPants 15, Fjftoen occupants 16, Sixteen occupaqts 17, $!venteon occupants 18, Efghteen occupants 19, Nfneteen accuDants 20, Twenty aceu~ants 21, Twenty-one occupants 22, Tuentvwtwa occu~antr 23, Twenty-three occupants 24, Twenty-four occupants 25, Twenty-five occupants Page 24 FARS VARIABLES

FREQ, NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS

98, ~edest ri an 99, Unknown mmma-m-mmmm1w verj abl e 12 CONTRIBUTING FACTOR M,D,Codest 99r B I...... -.--w- .-.w.mI.-~-m..m--w----~- ~icld W; dch j 2, Nuver/c Res~onaest 2

FREQ, CONTRIBUTING FACTOR AT VEHICLE LEVEL

00, None

~siective, 01, Tlres and wheels 82, Brake, avstem 03, 9teerlng system 04, Sus~enslo? 058 Power t raln 06, Exhauat system 07, Hpadf ishts 08. Slanal liahts 09, Other ltghts 10, Horn 11, Mjrl'ors 12, Wipers 13, Orlver seating and control 14, Body, doorsr other 15, T~ellerhttch

Unknown 99, Unknown m~mIIm--.L-Ia ~ariable 135 DRIVER PRESENCE M,D,Cedest 9, None Imw~wI.~m~I~. ~mI.mwI.CI.w~~----~-~--~ Field Wldtht 11 Numeric

FREQ, DRIVER PRESENCE

8, ~ege~trian 1, Dr4v.r operated vehicle 2, No drjvsr 9, Unknown am~~wm~CIomCw variable 136 LICENSE - STATE M,D,todesi 99 r None mm~mw-m---wmm LII~I~~III~~~IIW~F~.II~C~F{~ld width: 2, NumerIc FREQ, LICENSE - ST'ATE 00, pedestrian 01, Alabama 02, Alaaka FAR3 VARIABLES Page 25

FREQ, LICENSE - STATE 04, ~rlzona 05, A~kansas. 06, Call for01e 08, Calarsdp 09, Connecticut 10, D~lawpre 11, District a? Columbia 12, ~lorida 13, Gsorgja 15, Hawail 16, Idaho 17, 111jn0is 19, Indiana 19, Iowa 20, Kansas 21, Kenfuqkv 22, Lou( $4 ana 23, Ma!ne 24, Maryland 25, Massachusetts 26. ~jchigan 27, M!nqesof.a ,. 28, M!8~tsS!~ot 29, Missouri 3Q, Montana 31, Nebraska 32, Nevada 33, New ~amoshire 34, New Jersey 35, New Mexico 36, New Yark 37, North carolin8 38, No~thDakota 39, Ohla 49, Oklahoma 41, Oregon 42, ~ennsylvania 43, Puerto Rlco 44, Rhode Island 45, South Carolina 46, South Dakata 47, Tennessee 48, Texas 49, Utah 50, V?mont 51, ~!rs!~ia 53, '+iashlngtop 54. wpt v~~gf~ia 55, w 4 scons f n 56, wyorpfna 94, Military 95. Can?da 96, Mexico- 97, Othe~toreian country 99, Unknown FARS VARIABLES

qwwuIqmLm1mII

Varlable 137 LICENSE = STATUS M,D,Codes: , 9 t Nene --*w------m---w-m-a-mm-m-wmm--m--~ Field Width: 1, NU~C? 1 C FREQ, LICENSE - STATUS 0, No l]cenae required I, Ne I ltenle, 1 icense reauired 2, Lleanter but not for, thls tvac oi ?chicle 3, Valid license far this tv~eof vehlele 4, Susoended Iieeflse 5, Revoked 1 icense 6, Ex~ired'1 ie,e?se 7, Learnerfs ~ermtt 8, Pedestrian 9, Unknown FARS VARIABLES

Variable 138 LICENSE RESTRICTIONS 76 M.D .Codes: 9, None _---_____ -_------Field Width: 1, Numeric

FREQ. LICENSE RESTRICTIONS 76

0. No restrictions or not applicable 1. Restrictions complied with 2. Restrictions not complied with 8. Not reportable 9. Unknown nmwmm-----w-m variable 138 LICENSE RESTRICTIONS 76, hl,D,Codesr 9 r Nane I~--I--w~I-~~ wmm~-~-m~-m-m*ma~~----~~Fje\d width; 1, Numepie

0, No re9trjctionr &.not aopl leable 1, Restrjct!ons cem~lledyfth 2, Restrictions not com~liedwlth 8, Not re~ertable 9, Unknown

ImmmImm-mmmC- ~a~igble139 DRIVER TRAIWING . M,D,Codes; 9 r Nope ---m-1=-----* wam-wm~~w-~~m~a~~-~~~~u~~FIeld Width! 1, Numer l e

FREQ, ORIVER TRAINING

0, None 1, HIah school 2, Commerc4al 3, School bus 4, ~raiiiesc~oel 5, Two or yore types 8, Pedcstr4sn or not reoartable 9, Unkrlown

~mw~-uIa~--a- variable 14Q VIOCATION9 CHARGE0 Y,D,Codesr 9 r Nano mwwm~-W~--~~~-I~~~~~ICIC)~II.I F(41d Y(dthi 1, Nume~le

FREQ, VIOLATIONS CHARGED

0, No I8 2, endi ins. 8, Pedestrian 9, Unknown FARS VARIABLES Page 27

w-~m15--mum11 variable 141 PQEVIOUS CRASHES M,D,Codgsr 99r None mm-mwmm*-m~m~ m--m~-mm~mwm~~---w-~m~~(~pleld width; zr "lmesr!e

FREQ, PREVIOUS RECORDED ACCIDENTS LISTED FOR THIS DRIVER

00, None 01, , Aetual value 97a 98, pedestrian 99, Unknown rrmrrarrmrmrr ~arjable. 142 PREVIOUS SUSPENSIQNS MaOaCode8: 991 None IR-II~------I aumI~-~~~~~a~m----r~-m-mField ~jdtbi 2, Numeric

FREQ; PREVIOUS SUSPENSIONS

00, None 01, , Actuel value 97, 99, ~edestpi an 99, Unknown m-mIIcII1I1Iw ~ariable, 183 PREVIOUS OW1 CONVICTIONS M,D.CO~~S; , 99r None -m-e=--mua-u- mw=m-aa-a~-~*m--~=-m.~.~m- F{~ldWidth: Numerje

00, None 01 a a , Aetual value 97 , 98, pedestrian 99, Un'keown

Wu~mR~maWa-m- variable 144 PREVIOUS SPCED CONV M,D,Cedf~st 99r None l.mmwmm-w.-ll m-u-.-w~---m-.----=~---- Fiel d WI dth 2, Numer l c

FQEQ, PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS

00, None 018 - , Aetual vai'ue 97, 98, ~edestrisi 99, Unknown Paqe 28 PARS VARIABLES

m-mmq111mmmmm variable 145 PREVIOUS OTHER VV CONV M,I),Codest 99r None ~m*mmmm~rwmwm mww~mw~wmm~~~~wmwmmm.~m~~~ieldWidthf 2, hlumertc

FREQ, PREVIOU8 OTHER MOVING VIOLATIONS CONVICT IONS

00, None 01, - , Actual value 97, 98, ~sdert~iai 99, Unknown mm**Ia*-mI*IC variable 146 MONTH-OF LAST-CRASH M,b,Codest 991 None rnm~m-m~mm~mw. mmmm~m~-m-m~mmw~~-~.~~.~~*Fjgld Width: 2, Numeric

FREQ, MONTH OF LAST CRASH

Not adplicable January Pebrlluarv Margh April May June Jul v August September October November December Net re~ortable Unknown

mmma111w~m*ww variable 147 YEAR Of LAST CRASY M,D,Codest 99r None m-mmmmwmr-m-q mm~mmm~mm-mm~-~m~-~*--=~Fi d w i dth 2, Numerfc

FREQ, YEAR OF LAST CRASH

00, Not soplieable 01, - , Actual year 97, 98, Not reportable 99, Unknown

mwm-m*mmmm-R- variable 148 MONTH OF FIRST CRASH Y,b,Codes! 99r None w-mmmml~mw~w~ mmm~.wmmm-~-mm~m~-m.~-~~Fie1 d width j 2, Yurner~c

FREQ MONTH OF FIRST CRASH

00, NO^ aD~1i~able Ql, January 02, February FAR3 VARIABLES Page 29

FREQ, MONTH OF FIRST CRASH

03, Mar$h 04, ~drll 05, May 06, Ju~e 07, July 98, August 09, September le, Oetober ll, November 12, December 98, Not reportable 99, Unknown

Wl-Cmaa*mm*~1 variable 149 YEAR OF FIRST CRASH Y,D,Codcat , 99r hone I---I--~-I-LI --.I----L--I--~-Ic---I-II Field Width: 2, Numeric

FREQ, YEAR OF FIRST CRASH

EV, NO^ a~plicable 01, - , Actual Year 97, 98, Not repoortable 99, Unknown mmmam-llr*~CI

~ariab1 e 150 CONTRIBUTING FACTOR P,D,Cads8r , 99 r 0 ~wmamma---w-m m~-mrna-~~m~mam~~~mm~-~~aField Width: 2' Numer i c Responses: 3

FREO, CONTRIBUTING F4CTOR AT DRIVER LEVEL

00, None

PhystealiMentel ~ondition 81, Drowsy, sleepy, asleep, iatigued 02, Illr bl8ck0ut 03, Dopre~ston 04, Drlnkins 05, oruqs-msdi cati OA fib, Other druss 07, Inatte~tlyc(tal eating, etc.1 Be, Pbystea] irnpafrme?ts 09, Dted prior to accident

Ml see1 1 aneous Causes 20, Leavfng uchlcl e, unattended ri t h end ne runnine 21, Overloading er+4rn~ropcr1oadi.g 04 vehtcle 22. lowipg or pupking vehicle ie~roperl~ 23, Failfng to dfm 1tghts or to have Iiohta on when reau ( red 24. O~eratingwithout required equioment, 25, Creatlnn unlawful nalss OP ustng ecau!bment proh4bited by law Pazle 30 FARS VARIABLES

FREQ, CONTRXBUTING FACTOR AT DRIVER LEVEL

Fa1 lowing improderly Improoer or erratic lane ehanqins Failure tapkeep in proper lane or running oif road Illegal driving on road shoulderr In djtch or OP sldowal k Maklng imp~o~erentry to or ewlt ?ram trafficway Starting or,backlng impropert~ 0penbg vphlele e!osure.+nto movlng traiftc or while vehicle is in motion Passing where prohibited by posted signs, pave~ent rnark)ngr, hill op curvet or sehool bus dts~laying warning not to pass Passing 07 wr0~9!i$e, Pps?i?g,wlth tn!u!f!cient djstanee or tnadeauate vf8jbtlitvr or ta4llnq to yield to evertakin0 vehfclp Ooeratlng tho vehicle in an erratic, reckless, careless or_?egl (gent manner Failure to v(e1d rlshfwof~way Pal lure to obey-traffic algnt~tpfiie co~trol devices or-traffic officers, or tai lure to observe aafety zone Passing through or arou~dbarripr Faflure to, observe warninqs or inst ruet ions on vehicles dis~lavingthem, Failure to signal intentions Glving wrona signal ~rtvingtog faat for eonditiofls or in eicess ef posted maxtm~m Drtving less than ~ostedminimum O~etatinqat erratic or suddenly chana4ng speeds Ma4fng riakt turn from leit~turnlane1 making left turp from rig5t-turn lane Makfns other {mpro~erturn Fat lure to omp ply with physical 1 icenee restrict ton ~rlvlngwrong way on ene.ray roadway Driving o? wrong slde of road Operator tnex~er4enee ~niemi1 ia~ with roadway

Unknown . 99, Unknown

11~m--wmmW-*- variable 151 TOTAL NOT INJURED M,D,Codes: 99 r None WIIW~I~WWWW~~ ~IWL=IC~~ILIIIII~II.IW~WW Field Width1 2, Numarfe FAR3 VARIABLES Page 31

m-mwwmmm---~- variable 152 TOTAL C INJURIES IN VEH Y,D,Codes; 99 r None mmmqam-mrm-wm --wmmm---~-w~-~~~--~~~~-Field Width! 21 Numeric

mm-*1*1-~11m1 variable 154 TOTAL A INJURIES IN VEH M,D,Codcs: 991 None mwrn~m~-~w--m~ma~mmmmmmwmw~mm-=m~-uam.~ Field Width; 2, ~umeric

mmlaammmrllm* variable 155 TOTAL KILLED IN VEH ~,~.~odesi 99r None ---m------m w~--~m--~mm~~~mm~~-w~~~.uField Wfdth; 2, Numeric

m~mlm**nw~mrn variable 156 TOTAL DIED PRIOR TO ACC M,D,Cadesr 99 r None ~-wm---*wmm.a m-wmmm-mmmm~~.wmmrmn*-am ~(eltj~tdth; 2, Numeric

m~ww-mWmwm1~m variable. 157 TOTAL UNKNOWN INJURIES M,D,Codes~ 99, None m-mmle-lww-mm w~mw~~~ww-mwllm~Iwl-mw~~ el d ~idtht 2, Numeric

mmwmwmm-ww-w* variable 158 TOTAL # Of PERSONS M,D,Codesr 99, None m~wm-mmw-m-=- ~--IW~II--WW.~------W--II ~ieldwidth; 2, Numeric

FREQm TOTAL NUPBER OP PERSON RECORDS FOR VEHICLE

mI.mawmr---**u variable 159 TOTAL INJURED IN VEH M,D,Codes: 99r None ImmwlCm-.--.- ~~---I-ww-=--I--~~-----w- Ffeld ~id~ht2, Nuverlc

W-~--I--mwm-m variable 160 TOTAL # OF CASUALTIES. M,D,Cades: , 99 r None mm-.wmm--I------~a---wm=-~-~w-~--~*-w Field Wldtk; 2) Nuper 4 c

FREQ, TOTAL INJURED OR KILLED IN VEHICLE

~-mmw*w--C-m- variable 161 WORST INJURY IN VEHICLE M,D,Codes; 9 1 Nohe mwmlwlmmw~~-m m-mmmw-a~mm-wm-~~-~--~~- Field width1 1, Nurner!~ Pase 32 FARS VAR148LE3

FREQ, WORST INJURY IN VEHICLE

0, No Injury 1. C Poss!ble jnjurv 2, 0 = Non-lnea~ac!tating injury 3, A Inca~a~ltattngInjury 4, K Fatal tnjurv FARS VARIABLES Page 33

rr***r*rr*rrt The Person varjables r***rr***rk*r* variables 201 thyeugk 222 describe the persons involved in the accident, They are In the Person Level !iles but NOT in the vehicle or Aeeldent Level ffles, ~&*l~****ll~****l*ttIri*i**IR~ttt**~*I*tIl~~~***** mmmammmWmw-mm variable 201 PERSON NUMBER H,D,Cades; 996 None ~m~mmmmu-mmmm ~~~ZIIC-II~-~IW--CU---WU Ffeld Width1 2, Numerte

FREQ, PERSON NUMBER

00, Not applicable 01, Person number one 02, Person number two 03, Person number three 04, Person number f?~? 05, Persoq number tjve 06, Persafl number sfr 07, Person number seven 08, Person number s!ght 09, Person number elne 18, Person number ten . 11, Person number eleven 12, Person number twelve 13. Person number thirteen 14, Person number fgurteen 15, Person number fjfteen 16, Person number sixteen 17, Person number spvefitecn 18, Person number ejghteen 19, Person number nineteen 20, Person number twenty - e 99, Person ninety-nine

mmm*mammwcm=- variable 202 AGE M,O,Codes: 991 None mmmmm.m-r-mc- ---m.-~-m---~m----~*---- Fiel d width i 2, Numerfc

1nrants less than one year old One year old Two vears old Three years old F~urvears old Five years old six yeaps old Seven years old E!ght years old Nine years old Ten years old Eleven vears old Twel vr years 01 d l'hirteen year8 old Pase 34 FARS VARIABLES

Fgurteen vears old Fjfteen years old SIxteen years old Seventeen years old Ejghteen years old NIneteen years old Twenty years old Twenty-one years old Twenty-two years old Trent~~~hreevears old Twenty-four years old ~wenty-jiveyears old twenty-six years old Twenty-seven Year8 old Twentymefght yeaps old Twenty-nine years old Thlrty years old Thl rtv-one years old Thlrtv-two vears old Th4 rtv-three years old ~hirty-fouryears old ~hirty-fiveyears old Thi ~tywslxyears old T'h) rty-~tvenvears 01 d Thirty-eight vears old thirtymnine years old Forty yeaps old Forty-one years old Forty-two years old Forty=throe yeaps old Forty-fqur vears old Fgrty-ffvc years old Fgrty-six yaaps dld Fertywseven years old ~orty-eightyears old ~~rtymnincverrs old Fffty years old ~jfty-oneyears old F!!ty-two years old F! ity-three years old Flftv-f~u~years old ~jfty-tj~~year3 old Flfty-six years e!d fjfty-seven year8 old ~]ft~-e]ghtyears old F!ftv*nfne veers old S4rty years old sixty-one years old Sjxty-two year8 old Sjxty-three years old ~!xtv-ipur years old S!xty*t!ve years old Sjxty-sir years old S!xty~seven years old Sixty-eight years old PARS VARIABLES Page 35

69, sixty-nine veers old 70, Seventv years old 71, Seventy-one years old 72, Seventy-two years old 73, Scventy=three years old 74, Seventy~fouryears old 75, seventy-five years old 76, seventy-rix vears old 77, Seventy-spven years ald 78, Seventy-ejqht years old 79, Seventy-n!~e vears old 80, ~jgktyyears old 81, EIghty~aneyears old 82. ~igkty-twoyears old 83, E!ghtv-three years old 84, E ghty-four years old 85, E 1 qhty-fjve years old 86. €)phty-sii years old 87, Ejghtv-seven year8 old 88, E!ghtyaeisht years eld 89, Ejahtv-n4ne years old 98, Njnety years old 91, Njnety-one years old 92, Nfnetv-two years old 93, Ninetvmthree years old 94. ~jnetv-?ouryears old 95, ~!nety-ijus years old 96. ~jnety*sfkyears old 97, Nlnety-seven years or older 99, Unknown

I~-awm~~I-*IC variable. 203 SEX M,D,Codest 9 r None c-I~~~--II-II ~III~~IILIII~~~~~IC~~~I~F{eld Widthi 1, Numer4e

FREQ, SEX

1, Male 2, Female 9, Unknown m--mWllUr-*-m variable 204 PERSON TYPE M,D.CO~CS~ 9 r None I.-~I-IW.CIII I.-~I-IW.CIII m~~..~~w~-~I~w~-~--~~-~~field Widthi 1, Numerfc

FREQ, PERSON TYPE

1. ~river 2. Passenser, , 3, ~on~~ccuaarjt:Pedestrian 4, Nan-occu~ant; Pedslcvcl4~t 5, NOP-occupant: Rider of an4mal 6. Non=occu?ant! In anfmal drawn vehl$le -- 7. Non~~eeuqia~t~Oceu~ant of non.traft4e unit vehicle 8, Nan-accu~antt Other Pase 36 FAR3 VARIABLES

FREQ, PERSON TYPE

9, Unknown tyde oceuPant

-mLqmm-mCPmmm variable 205 SEATING POSITION ~,~,~odesi 99r None -w--mm-mmm-w. --mwmmmmmmmmmm~~~.mmm--~~ Ftcld width: 21 Numeric

FREQ, SEATING POSITION

Not ad~lieable Front seat - 1e7t ride (drtver's side) Front seat - middle Front seat right side Second beat - lgft stde Second seat middle Seeend seat right. side lhird rest * left 8lde Third seat - middle Thlyd,$eet 2 right side Addittonal front seat passenger Other passengers Slepper section oi cab {truck) Rjding on vehiele extertar Unknown

mmm-mam-a-**- variable. 206 ACTIVE RESTRAINT M,D,Codes: , 9 1 None .-m.wmm...--m .I~mq-mmm~wm~mm-=-~----~ Field Width: 11 Numer4c

FREQ, ACTIVE RESTRAINT

0, ~aneused (vehicle occupant1 or not a~~tieable Cnon-occupant1 1, Shoulder be1 t 2, Lae belt 3, L~Dand bhoulder belt 4, Child safety seat 5, child harness 6, Restpaint used - type not g~eeified 7, Yotoreyele helmet 8, Not reportable 9, Unknown

FREQ, EXTRICATION- EJECTION^^^)

0, Not apdlieable 18 Tota!ly ejected 2, Part!ell y ejected 3, Extr!eat!an by ambul anea-reaeus attendants 4, Ertr!catfon by pollce S, Extrtcatfon by other Page 37

FREQ, EXTRICATIO~=EJECT~ON(~~I

6, ~xtricationby ulknawn souree 7, ~rtrjeat/onby two or more types 8, Partial ejection involving extrication 9, Unknown wwnq~~~wraw~w variable 210 EJECTION It?], . M,D,Codes: 9r None ~wa~wmmw~~www~wwm~w~--~wm~-~ma~~w-ww- Field Width: 1, Nurnerjc

FREQ, EJECTION (77)

8, Not ap~licablt 1, Tatally ejected 2, Pa~tiallvejected 9, Unknown wwwm1~a--w-a= variable 211 EXTRICATION (77) Y,D,Codest , 9 r None mmml.l.-w~-~~ --ww=--=----.--R----~--- Fleld Width$ lr Numeric

FREQ, EXTRICATION (771

0, Not !xtrjcatsd 1, Extrjcatjoq by ambulance-rescue atteidants 2, Extrjcation by pal4ce 3, Ext~!eat!on by other 4, Extrjcetjon by unknown source 5, E~tricationby two er more types 9, Unknown wmw*am~wwmm*- variable, 212 DRIYKING INVOLVED M,D,Codest , 9 r None I---a~mm-awm~ ~W~~I-~LIL-I~IL~~W~.I*~~~F{eld Width: 1, Nu~~P~c

FREQ, DRINKING INVOLVED

0, No I* Yes 9, Unknown variable 214 ALC~H~LTEST TYPE M,D,Codes: 9, None -mL-.C.mmm--w wm~mmI~wwImw~I~~~~----~-FI el d width! 1 r Numeric

FREQ, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE

0, ~otapplicsble/na test 1, Blood 2, Breath 3. urine 4, Sa1 t ve 5, Tissue 6, Other 8, Not reportable 9, Unknown Psse 38 FARS VARIABLES

mmm~maw--mm*- ~ariable 25 INJURY SEVERITY . Y,B,Codesr 9 r Nane m-m-mw---w~m- D-~W-WField widtht 1, Numepi e

FREQ, INJURY SEVERITY 0. 0 - NO i?)urv, 1, C = Passfb1.e 4njury 2, B on-inca~acitating evident fnlurv 38 A ~neaaseitatfnglnjutv 4, K I Fatel injury 7, Died prior to accident 9, Unknown

L--qImD-I-DIm variable. 216 TAKEN TO HOSPITAL M,D,Codtst 9 r None m*--aw~IILImI mIm~~mmDmml~u~~~a~m-m~L.IField Width: It Numeric

FREQ, TAKEN TO HOSPITAL

0, No 1, Yes 9, Unknown w-~m~mamam~m-

~ariabl e 217 DEATH DATE=WONTH M,D,Codesr , 99, None ~1111~311~~l-mw-~m-m--~-~-umw---~--mm Field Width: 2, Numerle

FREQ, DEATH DATE-MONTH

Not ad~licabie January February March A~ril May June July August Sa~tember October November December Unk~own

LIIDI~mmDIDWI veripbte 218 DEATH DATE-DAY M,D,Codest 991 None ~mm----n~---m I~--cII--I-~II------I--- F(eld Width! 2, Numeric

FREQ, DEATH DATEaDAY

00, Not soplieable 01, - , ~ctualdate 318 99, unknown FARS VPRIABLES Page 39

mmm~mm01m-1Wm abl e 219 DEATH DATE-YEAR M,D,Codest 99, Nano ---~m-m-----m LIII----W---~~WIW-I.-~~~ Field width* 2, Nurnerfc

FREO, DEATH DATE-YEAR

00, Not ~PPIicable 76, 1976 77, 1977 99, Unknown

Ir-lawm-~llwm vsrisblo 220 DEATH TIMEaHOUR M,O,Codesr 99, None m-LII-maIm--m m--I.mm-.-~*-m-m------~ F4 t l d w i dt h j 2, Numerlc

FREQ, DEATH TIME-HOUR

00, Not a~plfeabts 01, . , Actual hour (24 hour elockl 24. 99, Unknown mm~**Cmm-mmm* variable 21 DEATH, TIME.MINUTE M,O,Cadea: 99 r None wl.ml.am.ml*m ~m~m-mIIC-.lmm-~~-~~-~~L ~{~ldwidthi 2, Nu~~F~c FARS DERIVED VARIABLES

Variable 300 Crash Type (c.f. V1016)

0. Missing data 1. Not appl icabl e 2. Collision with moving object 3. Collision with fixed or parked object 9. Unknown

Variable 301 Other Object Involved (c.f. V1074)

Missing data Not apl icable Auto, truck, bus Fixed object Pedestrian Train Bike An ima 1 Other

Variable 302 Off Road (c.f. V1075)

0, Missing data 1 . Ran off road 2. Did not

Variable 303 Overturn (c. f. V1076)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 304 Fire (c.f. V1077)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 305 l4isc. (c.f. V1078) (Includes jacknife, separation of units, cargo problems)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No Variable 306 Driver Drinking (c.f. V1079)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 307 Driver Dozed (c.f. V1080)

0. Missing data 1. Y!es 2. No

Variable 308 Power Unit Make (c.f. V1081)

Missing data Other Broc kway Chevrol et Diamond Reo

Freight1iner G P.1 C International Harvester Kenworth Mack Peterbi1 t White Unknown

Variable 309 Defect (c. f. U.1.064)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No 3. Unknown

Variable 310 Type of Defect (c.f. V1082)

0. Missing data 1. Wheel /Tires 2. Brakes 3. Steering 4. Suspension 5. Power, exhaust 6. Lights 7. Other 8. Hitch 9. Unknown Variable 311 Seat Belts (c.f. 'V1067)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No 3. Unknown

Variable 312 Weather (c.f. ~1083)

0. Missing data 1. Rain 2. Clear 3. Snow 4. Cloudy 5. Sleet 6. Other 9. Unknown

Variable 313 Light (c.f. V1084)

0. Missing data 1. Day 2. Dark, lights 3. Dawn/Dusk 4. Dark

Variable 314 Road Surface (c.f. 'V1070)

0. Missing data 1. Dry 2. Wet 3. Snow 4. Ice 5. Other 9. Unknown

Variable 315 Ramp Involved (c.f. V1035)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No 9, Unknown

Variable 316 Roadway Divided (c.f. V1086)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No 9. Unknown Variable 317 Driver Sick (c.f. V1087)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 400 Driver Ki1 led

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 401 Driver Injured

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 402 Total Killed in Vehicle

Actual number killed in vehicle

Variable 403 Total Injured in Vehicle

Actual number injured in vehicle

Variable 404 Non-Truck Ki 11ed Actual number killed in accident other than in vehicle

Variable 405 Non-Truck Injured

Actual number injured in accident other than in vehicle

Variable 406 Accident Type

0. Missing data 1. Single vehicle 2. Multi-vehicle .9. Unknown FARS INTERVIEN VARIABLES

Variable 500 Manufacturer Missing data Ford GM Dodge Mack Peterbi 1 t Kenworth White International Harvester Brockway Diamond Reo Chevrol et Freight1 iner Au tocar Mhi te Western Star Mercedes Rick. Marmon Wi 1son Oshkosh Hendrickson Crain Carrier Pirsch. Toyota Fiat Master ATR.

Variable 501 Model Year 00. Missing data 01-79. Model Year of Power Unit

Variable 502 Weight 0. Missing data 1 . Under 26,000 2. Over 26,000 9. Unknown

Variable 503 Carrier Type Missing data Private Hi re Authorized Contract Commerci a1 Exempt Exempt Carrier Exempt Agricul ture Unknown Variable 504 Accident Type

Missing data Single Head-on Rear-other vehicle Rear-truc k Angle-other vehicle Angl e-truck Side-swi pe Other Unknown

Variable 505 Manufacturer (Recode of V500)

Missing data Other Broc kway Chevrol et Diamond Reo Dodge Ford Freight1iner GM IH Kenworth Mack Peterbi 1 t Au tocar

Variable 506 Accident Tv~e

0. Missing data 1. Single vehicle 2. Multi-vehicle 9. Unknown

Variable 507 Carrier Type

0. Missing data 1. Private 2. Authorized 3. Other 9. Unknown Variable 998 Match

Iteration number BMCS was matched to FARS case (if applicable)

0. Not Applicable

1976 -5 Match number

1977 1-11. Match number

Variable 999 Check %

Percentage of check variables which matched

00. Missing data (not applicable) 50-100. Percent Match Page 1

mwammmma-~*m* variable lB$l RECORD ID.NUHBER . ~,~,todesi 99999, Na?e Numepie ..I~ICI~.~L~.m.IIa.-----w- Field WIdthi 51

mm-mm3--11-1- ~a~iable1002 STATE OF CARRIER . M,D,Codesr 99, None Ir*.-m-mm--m- m---ammwr-mwm-qm----*--m Field width; 2, Nu~~F4 e

FREQ, PRINCIPAL STATE OF CARRIER

Ol, Alabama 02, Alaska 04, ~rizona

05, A~kgns~',.A 06, C~Ii iarnla 06, Cola~sdg 09, Connecticut 10, Delaware 11, ~ircrictO? Columbla 12, F10rlga 13, Geo~gja 15, Hswail 16, Idaho 17, 111jnois 18, Indiana 19, Iowa 2F, Kansas 21, KenSu+v 22, Louis4ana 23, Majne 24, Maryland 25, Massachusetts 26, Michigan 27, Mjnneso!a ,, as, M! tsisr!p~i 29, Missour/ 3sl, Monta-a 31, Nebraska 32, Nevada 33, Nsw ~am~shi~e 34, New Je~sev 35, New Wer!co 36, New Yark 37, North ~arolina 38, Nertk Dakota 39, 0h1o UO, Oklahoma Paqe 2 BYCS VARIABLES

FREQI PRINCIPAL STATE OF CARRIER

41, Opeson 42, ~ennsvlvania 44, Rhode Island 45, Sauth ~aralina 46, South Dakota 47, Tennessee 48, Texas 49, Utah 59, Vermont 51, ~irsinia 53, Wash4ngto~ 54, Wprt ~i~ginia 55, Wisco~s4n 56, Wyamjng . 99, Mlsslng data

~ol~l~mC1-mmm variable 1Q03 TYPE OF CARRIER M,D,Codesr 9 , None LoII--mlmmmLm mm~~~-w~~-~-m~----w----- Field Width; 11 Numeric

FREQ, TYPE OF CARRIER

I, private 2, ICC author\zcd 3. Other 9, Mfssing data

-11m1-1-mm111 variable 1004 TYPE 00 TRIP , M,D,Codess , 9 1 None LW-~W.LI.III~ ~~~~~~~mmmm~mm~~~~w~www~~jeld~ldth; 1, Numeric

FREQ, TYPE OF TRIP

1, ~v?r-tke*rasd 2. Local pickmu~ and del i very pierat ion 9, Mfsrfn~data

1-mWmmmmII-I- variable 1005 STATE OF CRASH M,D,Codes: 991 None m~I.wwCI.mImm m-*m-mm.---wmm---*~~~~*~ F{el d WI dt hi 21 Numeric

FREQ, PLACE ACCIDEqT OCCURRED

01, Alabama 02, A!aska 04, Ar4zona 95, Arkgnaas 06, Cal i torn4 a 08, color ad^ 09, Cenneettcut 10, Ortaware Il, District 01 Columbia 12, ~loriga 13, Georgja 15, Hawaii BMCS VARIABLES Page 3

FREO, PLACE ACCIDENT OCCURRED

16, Idaho 17, 111jncis 18, Indiana 19, Iowa 201 Kansas 21, Kanfu$kv 22, Loulatana 23, Malrre 24, Maryland 25, Mgssachusetts ' 26, Mfchiqan 27, Minnesota ,. 28, M)SS~SS!PD~ 29, Missouri 30, Montana 31, Nebraska 32, Nevada 33. New ~ammkiks 34, New Jersev 35, New Mexico 36, New York 37, North ~arolina 38, North Dakota 39, Oh10 40, Oklahoma 41, Oregon 42, ~enhsv1 vani a 44, Rhode IsIan9 45, South Carolina 46, South Dakota 47, Tennessee 48, Texas 49, Utah 59, Ve~mont 51, Vlrginla . 53, Ws8hfn~tan 54. Hest virglnia 55, ~ise~nsin 56, kyomino 99, Missing data mmawww~mm~w~w variable- 1006 TYPE OF DISTRICT M,O,Codest 9 r None -w*~wm~~m*mwm~W~~-~L~~~~I~-IIW-I~-.III'I ~/eldWidth; 1, Numeric

FREQ, TYPE OF DISTRICT

I. ~es4dentiai 2, Ruyal 3. ~rtrn~rilvbusiness 9, Mlssins date BMCS VARIABLES

mmw-mmmm.mm-m ~ariable, lB87 REGION OF DOMICILE M,D,Codes: 99, None C--~-m-~C~-I- m--ml~m~m---l-~~------~~ Field ~idthi2, Numer 1 e

mm-*wmmlLm-wm variable 1008 REGION OF CRASH M,O,Codesl , 99 r None mmmmm-m-*-me. w-wwmmmwmm---*-~~-~~*~~- Field Width: 2' Numeric

nmmmmm-mmmnmm veri abl e la89 D4Y. OF WEEK. OF CRASH M,D,Cades: , 9 r None . . ---..mmm--am~---~--==--li field Width: 1, Numeric

FREQ, DAY OF WEEK OF CRASH I, ond day 2, Tuebday 3, Wednesday 4, Thyrsdav 5, F~tdsy 6, Saturday 7, Sundqy 9, Misslnn data mmm1w1mmmwmw1 ~a~iable1010 YEAR 0F.CRASH M,b,Codesr 99 r None w-.m-Imwa~~m~ 2-.-m-wmame---m**-~-~~~- Ff el d w 4 dthi 2, Numeric

FREQ, YEAR OF CRASW

74, 1974 75, 1975 ?be 1976 77, 1977 78, 1?78, 99, Mlssing data

mmmImwImwmmm- variable. 1011 MONTH OF CRASH M,D,Cadesl 99 r None mmmammmmwa--m wmma~-wmmmmmem---mm~~~~w Field widthl 2, Numeric

FREQ, WONTH OF CRASH

01, January 02, February 03, Msrch 04, April 04, May Bb, June 07, July 08, August 09, September 10, October. 11, Novembe* 12, D~cember 99, Mlssinq data BMCS VARIABLES Page 5

*mamIcIm*m*ww variable 1U2 DAY-OF CRASH M,D,Codes: 99r None mmmm~-mm~mmm- I.~~-W~~W~L~~W~--~-II.I-L~Field Wjdthi 2, Numeric

FREQ, DAY OF CRASH

01, - , Actual values 3ir 99, ~isshgdata

~mwmqm-a~~m~m variable 1013 JULIAN DAY OF CRASH M,D,Code8! 99999, None C--~IW.----.-- ma-ma-qw--m-~~~~.--a--wm P4~ldWfdthi 5, Numer!c

FREQ, JULIAN DAY OF THE CRASH MEASURED FROM MARCH 11 190P

00. Missing data 01, 12:OO - 12:59 A.M. 24. 11:OO -12:OO P.M. 99. Unknown Paae 6 BMC3 VARIABLES

m*11*1mw1---1 variable, 1015 MINUTE b~ CRASH M,O,Codes~ 99r None ---mmm-----m- ~~ICI*WIII~~~~~-~-IW.I.I~ Field w{dth; 2, ~umeric

FREQ, MINUTE OF CRASH

B08 - , Actual values 59, 99, ~issinadata BMCS VARIABLES Page 7

**r* Var4ables 16 throuqh 23 desertbe the +@stupes **** **** oi the orimery Craah event I***

rm~mmr~m~~mm0 variable. l0lb COLLISION TYPE M,b,Cadlgs! 9 None III~I-II~W-L~ mm.*--w--mmmmmwmm-m*-m-L Field width; 1, Numeric

FREQ, TYPE OF OBJECT STRUCK

1, Not ap~liciblr (nof?-e011 iajonl 2, Colljsjon with mgvlng object 3, Colllslon wfth flxed.oy Parked object 4, ***Cgde value uns~ec4tied 9, Mlsslng data

ImL*lm--mmmla variable 1017 OTHER OSJECT INVOLVED M,D,Coder: 99r None -mmmwmra~mm-w .mm-mm-m-m-m--wmmm--~-'~w P j widtb 2, Numerlc

01, NO( .dp!i~8b!e 02, Commercial truck 03, ~ixedoblect 04, Automobj 1 e 05, Pedest~ian 06, BUS, 07, Tyaln 08, B~cYc~~ 09, Animal 10, Motorcycle 11, Other 24. *?*Code va1 uc uns~eet ?i ed 99, Missing data

*Cw~1mnmm--m1

variable 1B18 MOVERENT = VEHICLE wl , M,O,Codeeo 99r None -mmmwL~~m~~~~a~.m~-mawm-m-mmm-r-w--~)- F{eld ~fdthi 2, Numeric FREQ, MOVEMENT - VEHICLE #1 SIOW~~Qstoo~ins St o~ped Parked Sear-end ~ac~tna Makjng right turn Makfng left turn Making U-turn Proetedlna st ralght Mep~i?g enter in^ t~~iileiron sheuldcrt median, osrklng sfrlp OP pdvrte drive Intersection Pane 8 BMCS VARIABLES

FREQ, MOVEMENT - VEHICLE #1 13, ?aasi?a 14, Cbansi?q lanes is, Sfdeswt~e OPPOS~~~directio~ 16, Mead gn - crosaed fnta ~POQS~~BIBRC 17, 9kidding 18, Vehlcle out-oj-control 19, RoIl=away 20, Control led rai 1 road crossing 21, Uncontrolled ra4lroad cross4nq 22, Other 24, ***Code yal ue unapeci ited 98, Not a~plicable 99, is sing data rpammm~*~=-w~ variable 1019 POVEYENT - VEHICLE #Z . M,D,Codgs! 991 None ~-r-w=*--m*r= W-mmmmmww-= FJeld Wldtkl 2! Nume? l c

FREQ, MOVEMENT VEHICLE #Z

~lowingl atoppine Stopped Parked Ree~aend Bacblng Mak!np right turn Makfn~left turn Yaklng y-turn Prccsedlna straight

Mrr~t~g ..- I . Enterinq traffle ?ram shoulder, median, parking :)rip or ~rlvatedrive Intsrsect~on Passfng Cbsn~inq l anes S4desuipe - o~pasjf e df rect ion Head on crossed (nto oppaslng lane Skfdding Vehicle out=oiacont rol Roll-away Control led railtoad crossing Uncontrolled railroad crasslna Other ***Code value unaacci iied N9t ap~l4csble iss sing data or no 2nd vahlcle in chtisian

mammmm-amr*a- variable, 1020 MOVEMENT - VEHICLE $3 ~,~,~odeo; 99r None -I--=---,,Z-C- --ar-m-m----.~w-a--~-mm- Cfeld w(dthi 2, Numer4c - -. - -

BMC3 VARIABLES Page 9

FREQ, MOVEMENT - VEHICLE #3 01, slowing - stopping 02, Stooced 03, Parked 84, Rear-end 05, Back4ne 86, Mak!ns ~lqhtturn 07, Makjns left -turn 08, Makfnq U-turn 09, Proceedina straight la, Yerg19g 11, Enterina trp?fle ?rpm shoul$er, median, parking gfrlp or ~rlvatedrive 12, Snterseetfon 13, Pa~~lng 14, Cbangiyq lanes 15, Side8rlpe ..osposite djrec,tion 16, Heed on crossed Inta opposlng lane 11, Sklddlns 19, Vehicle out-03*control 19, Rall-sway 20. Control led rsi 1 road crossing 21, Uneontrol led raf 1 road erossinq 22, Other 23, ***Cede val ;e uns~rcij! ed 2U8 ***Code value uns~eeifled 98, Ngt a~plieable 99, Mlssing data or no 3rd vehicle in coll4sfan

FREQ, NON-COLLISION TYPE

8, Rae off - road 1, Jaekkntfs 2, Overturn 3, Separation a? unit8 4, Fire 5, Loss or !pi 1 lage o? cargo 6, Cargo shift 74 Other 8, NO^ PI (COI i ision) 9, Misslns data mmwuIIamII-aw ~ariabl e 1022 ASSOCIATED CRASH EVENT M,D,Coder: 9 I None -LI~~I~---III I-I~~I~~I~ILI~II-~I~~~~I-Field Widthl 1, Nume~fc

FREQ, ASSOCIATED EVENT THAT RESULTED FROM PRIMARY CRASH EVENT

I, Not apdlic9ble 2, SP! 1 lase of hazardous cargo 3, Plre 4, SP~11 age 07 non~hazardouacargo page 10 BMCS VARIABLES

mmm~mmmmmmmma ~ariabl a 1923 VULIIPLE VEHICLE CODE M,D,Codes~ 9 r None -m-mmmm-mm--m mm~m~~-~-~-m-~vmmm~.~~)mmm Wfdtkt 1, Numcrlc

I, ~eiinttalvahgle 2, At least 2 veh!cles 3, At least 3,vah~clea 4. Prob?blv slngla 9, Yfssin~data BMC3 VARIABLES Page 11

**** variables 24 tkrouah 28 describe the briver ***a

m-~-mmm--ww-m variable 1024 DRIVER AGE - M,D,Codes! None lw.vqmmll--lm mw--m-m~m---vm-**--~~-.~m Field Width! 2, 99' Numrr4c

FREQ; DRIVER AGE

00, Zero years old 01, One year old 02, Two years.old 03, Three years old 10, Tgn yerrs old 16, Sixteen years old 17, Seventeen yeers old 18, Ejghtee~years old 19, Nineteen years old 20, Twenty veers old 21, Twenty-one years old 22, Twenty-two years old 23, Twenty-;hree years old 24, Twenty-four year8 old 25, Twenty-f!ve years old 26, Twehty-8in Years old 27, Twenty-seuen years old 28, fwentv~stshtvears old 29, Twenty-oine years old 30, Th4rty years old 31, Thirty-one years old 32, Thirtv-two year8 old 33. Thjrty-three years old 30, Thtrty-four years old 35. ~hf.ty-i!ve yearc old 36, Thirtvwslx years old 37, Thjrty-seven years old 38, Thirtvwetqht vears old 39, Thirty-nine years old 4fl. Forty vsa~sold 41, Forty-one years old 42, Forty-two years old 43, Fortymthree .years old 44, ~ert~=j~uryears old 45, Forty-flue years ald 46, Ferty-six Years old 47, Forty-seven years old 48, Fortymejght yerrs old 49, Ferty~nlneyears old 50, Fifty years old Sl, Fjfty-one yeape old 52, Fjfty-two years old 53, Fjftymthrae year8 old 54, Fj fty-!our years old 55, F!fty-tjve veara old 56, Ftftymslx veer8 old BMC9 VARIABLES

FREDa DRIVER AGE

~j fty-sgven years 01 d Fjtty-ejght years old Fifty-nine years old sj~t~varis old Sfxty-one years old Sjxty-two years old St xty-throe year8 old ~]~tv-ipurwars old Sjxty-five vears old Sjxty-sjx yeaps old Sixty*seven years old ~ixt~=ejphtyears old ~ixtywnlnevears old Seventy years old Seventy-one years old Seventy-two years 01 d Seventy-three years old Seventy-fgur veaw old Seventy-six years old S?venty=seven Years old Ejehtv vears old Ejqhtv-sir yews old Njnety vears old Missing data

LIW~~wL-~~m~~ ~sriable1025 YEARS DRIVER EMPLOYED Y,DaCodes: 99r None W-I-W-CI~~III m=mm-mm-w=-m~~-~-e~rn~-wm Field width: 2, Numeric

FREQ, YEARS DRIVER EMPLOYED BY THE COMPANY

00, a , Actual vai'ues 99, 99, ~iesingdata

-mm-mm-mmmm1- variable 1026 HOURS DRIVER ON DUTY M,D,Codea; 99r hone ~-=am--~m--~- m-mqwwq~w-~~~a~w-m~wm-m-Ffeld width8 2f Nume~ie

FREQ, HOURS DRIVER ON DUTY

01, One hour 02, Two hours- 03, Three hours 04, Fgu~hou~s 05, F!ve hours B6, SIX hours 07, Seve~hours ae, ~jghthours 09, Nine hours la, fen hour8 11, Eleven/twelve hours 12, Not a~ol4cable 13, ***Code vsl us uks~ecfii ed Page 13

FREQ, NOURS DRIVER ON DUTY

15. ***Coda value unspeeiiied 21" ***Code value uns~ecified 24, *?*Code value unspecified 99, Miaaing data mmm~mwwCm*m3m variable 1027 SCHEDULED DRIVING TIME M,DaCodes~ 99r None mmwmwmm ~maa~wmr-rm~~~maawmwmm~mFiald width; 2, Numeric

FREQ, SCHEDULED DRIVING TIME OF TRIP [HAD ACCIDENT NOT OCCURRED)

One keur Two hours. Three hours Four hours Fjve hours Slx hours Seven hours ~ighthour8 ~inehours Ten haup8 Eleven/twelva hours Not a~~licable r?*Ccdr value URSP~C~iied Mtssing data mmmmmmmmmw-31 variable. 1028 DRIVER CONDITION '~l,O,Cod!sr 9 r None ~mwa~-m~a-~mm~mmam--mm-m~mmem~w~~~*~~ field ~/dthg 1, Numeric

FREQ, DRIVER CONDITION AT TIME OF ACCIDENT

Apoarent 1 Y normal Stek Had been drinkins Dotsd at wheel Medical walver Other ***Code val ue unspec i f i ed ~f~sinedata ~saeI4 eMcs VARIABLES

**** variables 29 through 49 describe the vehicle ****

-mq-mCr----r- variable 1029 TYPE OF POWER UNIT M,O,Codas: 0 1 None -vmm-r---m-~a w-wFJCJ~~~dthi 1: Numer 4 c

FREQa RECODED BY HSRI

0, ~~ssingdata 1, Truck - Van 2, Truck - Flat 3, Truck * Tank 4, Truck - Auto, 5, Truck - Refrtgersted 6, Truck - Dump 7, T~uck Other 8, Tractor 9, Both truck and t~aCt0~

Immlwrr-rw-mm variable, l~3@POWER UNIT YEAR M,D,Codtsr 99 r Nohe -~-.--m---~w- m-mField Yidtbi 2: Numeric

mm**mwm-=mm-1 variable 1031 POWER UNIT NO, OF AXLES M,D,Codesr 99: None wmmw.Lw-l--m- mm~~~m-a-m--mm-~~-.~***m Field width; 2, Numer f c

FREQ, POWER UNIT NO, OF AXLES

0F, one 01, One 02, Two 03, Three 04, Fgur 05, Fjve 06, Sfr 08, Ejght 09, Nine 13, T!irteen 99, Mtsslng data m-mumum-mc-I- variable 1032 POWER UNIT MAUE M,D,Cedes: 99 r None mmmqmrrm-~~~a~armmmww~-rwuqm~m~-mm-mm Fleld ~idthi 2: Numeric

FREQ, RECODED BY HSRI

01, Autocar BZ, Brockwav 03, Cbevrolet 04, Dtamond 05, Dodge 06, Fa~d BMCS VARIABLES Page 15

FREQ, RECODED BY HSRI

~reightliner G,Ma endr rick, Internattana) Harvester Kenwortk Mack Harmon ~eterbui1 t Whi to Mercedea-Bent Other ~id~!hgdata wmmffmm*w~m-1~ variable 1033 TYPE OF 1ST.TRAILER . . M,D,Codesr . 9r None m-m.mw.lrmmwm .wL~m~mmmLm.~mII.m--~C-l field width! i, Numeric

FREQ, . TYPE OF 1ST TRAILER

1, ~emi-trajler 2, Full trailer 3,, Other 9, Mtssing data or no 1st trailer

1~0mmm1011ma* variable 1034 !ST TRAILER .YEAR M,D,Codest 991 None mmm--mmw-mmw~ mwam~mmm~m--ammm~m~m~~amFteld Width; zl Numer t c

mmm*-mmm-mmm~ ~ariab~e- 1035 !ST TRAILER NO, OF AXLES H.D,CO~~S: 99r None I-LI.I,amC---m ~am.mmm~mmommm-a-----m-m Field W{dthg 2, Numeric

00, Nane 018 One 02, Two 83, Three 04, Faur 05, Ftve 07, Seven ae, ~jght 63, S4xty-three 74, Sgvepty-four 99, MIssfng data or no 1st trailer

--mmwm*mm~wm~

~eriable1836 1ST TRAILER,BQDY TYPE , M,D,Codest 0 I None O-m-m-mmmmmm- mmmmmmmmmmm--m-~~~*wm~~mf 4 eld w 4 dth i 1, Numertc

0, ~irsinqdeta 1, Van Pase lb BMCS VARIABLES

FREQa RECODED BY HSRI

2, Flat 3, Tank 4, Au~o. 5, Refrigerated b, Dump 7, ootlv .. 8, Conventional 9, Other or no 1st tra~lei m..wummmm*nwm variable I037 TYPE OF ZND TRAILER M,b,Ccdes; 9 r None =-m--~-----=w ~-mmm----m--=m~--m--.--~ F{eld width: 1, Numtrle

FREQ, TYPE OF 2ND TRAILER

1. ~emi-~railer 2, Full Trailer 3, Other 9, Missing data or no 2nd trailer u-mmmawuow-mm variable 1838 2~0TRIILER.YEAR M,b,Cadrs; 99 r None -----.--.---- .-...... ~m..-...m..mm.m~ ,~f~ld~jd~),~ 2, Numeric

~..lm~-mmLIII ~ariable 1039 ZND-TRAILER NO, OF AXLES H,D,Codest 99r None m~-~~.~--mm~.~-a~aa~m~m-m~------=---- F{el d w i dt h j 2, Numarlc

FREQ; 2ND TRAILER NO, b~ AXLES

08, Nome 01, One 02, Two 03, Three 04, Fgur 05. Five 26, ~wenty-si; 99, M{ss{ng data or no 2nd trailer

.11m-nm-mw-u- variable 1040 2ND TRAILER BODY TYPE M,D,Codesr 8 1 None -m-.m-m---m-a -wmmmmm-m----m-~~.m~.~~-* FieJ d w / dt h j 1 j Numepic

0, ~lsaingdata 1, Van 2, Flat 3, Tank 4, Aufa, 5, Ref rlgerated 6, Dump 7, Oollv 8, Conventiona~ BMCS VARIABLES Page 17

FREQ, RECODED 8Y HSRI

9; Other or na ZP~traf lev m~m~qmm-rm-m~ vari ab! e. 1041 VEHICLE COMBINATION CODE M,D,Codest 0 , None m-r*mw---~~I~ I.~.-=----~-l------~-~~ F ( d w f dt h i 2, Numeric

FREQ, RECODED BY HSRI

00, ~is~ingdata 01, Truck only . 02, Tractor-onlv 03, Truck, full traj ler 04, Truck, semi-trai ler Truck, ether, 05, Traetqr, ?em(-tra) ler 06, Tractor, full trailer Tractor, other 07, Tractor, semjmr full -traiter. 08, Tractor, sew!-r 2nd full tratler T~actor, semf-r other 09, T~actar, seml-, full, 2nd full trailer Tracto~, aed-t full trai ler, other 10, Truekt tractor Truck, tractor, semi-trai lei 11, Other 12, No bower unit

L1m1Cm*m13n-w variable le4Z TOTAL LENGTH M,D,Codest 999, None mm~u-mmw-mm-m .-----~-~~~-c~m---~--r-- Ffel d w i tjt h 3! Numeric

FREQ, TOTAL LENGTH OF THE VEHICLE/COYBINATION IN FEET

000, - Actual values 998, 999, ~tssingdata

*~*.m-~mrlm*l vartabla 1043 TOTAL WIDTH M,D,Codgsr 99r None Immm-m m-~~q-~------.--~~----m Field ~ldthi 2, Numcri e

FREQ, TOTAL WIDTH OF THE VEHICLE OR CARGO IN FEET

00, a , Actual values 98, 99, ~isshgdata BMCS VARIABLES

01--1au~m=--w ~arisbls1044 CARGO WEIGHT M,D,Cadtst 9999991 None w~m.mlm~wm~w~llww~l-~wmmwma~~-~-mrwma Field Wfdthl br Numerle

FREQ, CARGO WEIGHT IN POUNDS

0g000B, m a Actual values 999998, 999999, Hissing data

mwImImmIwm-LI

variable 1045 GROSS WEIGHT , M,D,Codes: 999999r None wmm-mmm-w-mrm m~~~amwn-m-r~wm~~w~~~~~-Ffeld Wfdtht bC Numeric

FREQ, GROSS WEIGHT IN POUNDS

000000, - , Actual valuer 999998, 999999, iss sin^ data

omm~wawa1mmwm variable EMPTY WEIGHT M,b,Codest 9999Q9, None w ~w~~I~c~II~IIc~.I--.I-~I- F(eltj widthl 6, N~mertc

000000, l , ~etualviluer 999998, 999999, ~i08iigdata

m11*~mwm1m-*m

variable 1447 FUEL TYPE M,D,Codesa , 9 r Nane w--mwa*-wm--a wwwwwwField width! 1, Numer4e

1. Gasoline 2, Djesel 3, L,P,G# 4, Other 6, ***Code vat ue uns~cciiied 9, iss sing date

wI~~Lwww~~-m* ~ariable 1048 HAZARDOUS CARGO M,D.Codes: 9 r Nano w-w*mmmm----m ~m~~mmm--w~mm~~~m~~~~~.~-F(~ldwidthI 1, Numerfc

FREQ, HAZARDOUS CARGO

1, Haza~dousmaterial in eargo 2, NOR-haoardous rnaterlal,,fn cargo 4, *?*Code value unspecified 9, Ylsstnq data BMCS VPRIABLES Page 19

~mm~~~mm1-~11 variable 1049 CARGO TYPE M,b,Codgs; 99 r None rmrqmmmmrmmmm arnwwmmm~~~~~-~~~~~~~~**~Field Width1 2, Numeric

FREQ. CARGO TYPE

01, General ireight 02. Housshald,go~ds or unerated furni turelf i xtures 03, Metall cot 1st sheets, rodst plates, etc, 04, Heavy macbtnerv or other large obfects 05, Mofor vehicles 06, Drlveaway*tawawsv 07, Gasgs I? bulk 08, 801ids in bulk 09, L!guids in bulk 10, Ex01 osi ves 11, LQQS~ ales st lumber la, Empty 13, Retplee~etedjoods 14, Mobile hams 15, Fa~mbraducts 16, Other 24, ***Code va l us unspec 4 7 l ed 99, ~i~~ingdata Paae 20 BMC9 VARIABLES

**r* ~ariablea.SBthrouqh 63 describe the Deaths **** it** and 2nJuriea In the Crash lit*

am-uw-wm-m-wm variable 1050 DRIVER KILLED. .- M,D,Codest 9 r None -m-w--l-.--m. I----.w-~-~w~-~-m-~-~--m Ffeld ~{dthi 1, Numeric

FREQ. DRIVER KILLED

1. Yea 2, No 3. *!*Cpde vai uc una~tcif i rd 9. Missing data mmm-m*m-u-a~a variable 1051 DRIVER INJURED M,O.Coderr . 91 None -II--m---~mw~ m-=-~------m~-----w---=~ Fftld ~idthi 1, Numertc

FREQ; DRIVER INJURED

1. Yes 2, No SF ***~ede v.1 ue uma~ecif iad 9, Mfssfng data

mmm-ow-wrmm-- I variable 1852 RELIEF DRIVER KILLED M,D,Codea~ 9 r Nane W-II-IIIW~~~LI~~~~~~~CIIW-~ Field Widtbi 1, Numetie

FREQ. RELIEF DRIVER KILLED

1, Yes 2. No 3. Not 9~olicable 9. Mlssins data

a-m--w-mmm--- variable 1053 RELIEF 9RXVER INJURE9 )r,D,Codesr 9 r Nane I-~IIW-I-~IW- I~-CI-I-W~II~I~~~~LIW~~I ~ieldWfdthl 1, Numeric

FREO, RELIEF DRIVER INJURED

I. Yes 2, No 3, NO( applicable 9, Missing data BMCS VARIABLES Page 21

-w-*11*-1--aw variable 1054 NO, OF OTHER AUTH KILLED M,D,CO~~~; 9, None m-ma-m-----m- mmm-~u---mmmmmmw-m-w~~mm F{t)d Widthl 1, Numeric

FREQ. NUMBER OF OTHER AUTHORIZED PERSONS IN VEHICLE KILLED 0. Nanc I. Oh@ 2, TWO 3, Thtee 4, Four, 9, MAssing data mmCwlmllrlWm1 vsri abl e, 1055 NO, OF OTHR AUTH INJURED W,O. ~0d6.i 9 r Nanc --m.mm---l-.m m-~mma-lmm--.~w-----a--m ~iel d w 4 dth 8 1, Numerlc

FREQ* NUMBER OF OTHER AUTHORIZED PER30NS IN VEHICLE INJURED

0, None 1. One 2, Two 3, Three 4, Four 78 Sevs? 9, Mtssing data aamm~~-ww~a~n var4 sbl e 1056 NO, OF UNAUTH. KILLED M,b,Codes: 9 r hone a a~mwmw~wm~~~~~mw~~m~aumnF(@ldWIdtht 1, Numetle

0. None 1, One 2, TWO 31 Three 5, Five, 9, Miss1nq data a--m-m--m-mma vari abl r 1857 NO. OF UNAUTH- INJURED M,D,Codesl 9, None -*~U-~Im-@-~- -~-CIIIII~I~I.III~I~~IIII~ Pfeld Wldthi 1, Nume~lc

BI None 1. One 2, Twa 3, Three 5, Five 9. ~iraingdata Past 22 BMCS VARIABLES

m*mq-am-**m*m ver i abl ea1058 TOT NON*CASE-VEH Y ILLED M,D,Codes~ 99r None W--w-w-m-m--- ~mwm-wm--mm--mrm--~.~w~-. ~(e~dwidth1 2, Numerle

FREQ, TOTAL NONmCASE-VEHICLE PERSONS KILLED

00, Nqne 01, One rd2, Two 03, Throe 04, Fgur 05, Five 06, Slx 07, Seven @El, Eight 10, Ten 12, Twelve 20, Twenty 27, Twenty-seven 30, Tbirtv 99, Mlsslng data

---mm-mmw---- variable 1059 TOT NON-CASEmVEY INJURED M,B,Codes~ 99 r None -m-m-----r--m -~~----ww----mm---*-m~-r Field width: 2, Numeric

00, None 01, One 02, Two 03, Three 04, Four 05, Fjve 04, 31x 07, Seven 08, E!ght 09, NIne 10. Ten 11, Eleven 12, Twelve 13, Thirteen 14, Fourteen 15, Fjfteen 16, Sfxteen 17, S~venteen 18, Ejghteen 19, Nineteen 21, Twentvmane 24, Twenty~four 25, Twenty-f!ye 26, Twe~tv-atx 28, Twenty-eight 38, Thfrty 31, Thirty-one 32, fh! rt~-!we 35, Thjrtv-five Page 23

FREB, TOTAL NON-CASE-VEHICLE PERSONS INJURED

37, Thi ry-seven 48, Forty 42, Fert~-twe 43, Forty-three 45, Forty-ftvs 50, ~ifty 70, Seventv 90, Ninety 99, njssing data w-~-wIm~wL-mI variable 1060 TOTAL KILLED IN VEYICLE M,O,Codes: 99r None mmwwWW--W- ~ield~ldthl 2, Numeric

FREQ, TOTAL KILLED IN VEHICLE 00, None 01, One 82, Two @3, Three 04, Four 05, FJve 06, Sjx 99, M~SS~P~data melow~--m-~=- variable 1061 TOTAL INJURED IN VEHICLE Y,D,Codest 991 None -q1m1.*w12111 ~n~m--11w-131~~--w1---~1 ~itldwfdth: a, Numeric

FREB, TOTAL INJURED IN VEHICLE @a, None 81, One 02, Two 03, Three 04, Fgur 05, Fjvo 04, Slx 87, Sgven 99, Missing data

1111.1-mw-w~- 999r Yone variable 1062 TOTAL KILLED INCRASH M,D,Codesr , mawSI*ll-rlal ll~w~q----L-~----m*---mI ~ie\dwidth: 3, Numeric

FREQ, TOTAL KILLED IN CRASH

090. None 0Q1, One 002, Twa 003, Three 004, Faur Bg5, Five 00bq Six 007, Seveq Past 24 BYCS VARIABLES

FREQ, TOTAL KILLED IN CRASH

008, ~isht 010. Ten 0128 Twelve 020, Twenty 827, Twenty-seven

030, Thjrt~ .z 031, Thlrtv-one. 999, Mfssing data

-1~wmU1=~1-~* variable 1063 TOTAL IYJURED IN CRASH M,D,Codest 9994 None --m--~rnm-rn--m ------W--W.---=W----. Field width: 3, Numeric

00@, None 001, One BQZa TWO 043. Three 0B4, Four 005, Flye 004. Six 007, Seven 008, Eight 009, ~ine 010@ Ten 011, Eleven 012, Twglve 013. Thirteen 014. Fa9rteen 015, Fifteen 017, Seventeen 010, E1~hteen 019, Nlneteen. 021, Twenty-one 022, Twenty-tyo 025, Twentymt!ve 026, Twenty-six 0278 Twenty-stven 029, Tw?nty*nlne 050, Thjrty 032, Thj rtv-two 033, Thj rty-tbree 035, Thf rty-five 037, Thlrtv-seven 040. Forty D42, Fortv-!we 044, Forty-!~ur 045, Fo~tv-+fve 050, Fiftv 070, Seventy 071, Seventv=onc 090, Njnefy 999, Missing data BMCS VARIABLES Page 25

**** Variables 64 throuah 74 describe miscel 1 aneous **** **** aspects of the Crash **k*

mw*Iaa-wmm--w ~arbble,lab4 MECHANICAL DEFECTS? M,D,Codes: , 9 r Neno m-m-w~mm~rmmm ~amm-~m~~mw~~wwm~mmw--mmF/CJ~ width! 1, Nume~ic

FREQ, MECHANICAL DEFECTS OR FAILURE APPARENT ON VEHICLE?

1, Yes 2, NO 3, ***Code val us unapee] f ) ed 4, ***Cgda value unspecified 9, ~iss/nqdata wrwmmmeam-amm variable 1065 TYPE OF DEFECTS Y,D,Cadesr 99 r None m-r.-m--rmm.. ~~-W~-~IW~-~CII~IWIIIW~~ Field Width1 2, Nurnef!e

FREQ, TYPE OF DEFECTS OR FAILURE

Net a~~tiiablo Fuel system wheel p and tire, Steering system Sus~ensio~ T~ansm!sslon D~iyeline Engine Brakes Llgh,ts tau01 ins Other ***Code value unr~ecf!!eel *!*Code value uns~ectfled Missing data

11***1w-m1-11 variable 1066 SEAT BELTS Ih VEHICLE? M,D,Codest 9 r None CI~~I~-=II-~~m~mrnmmmmmmw~-o~-~~~~~~~m Field Width; 1, Numeric

FREQ, SEAT BELTS IN VEHICLE?

1: Yes 2, No 7, ***Cpde value unr~eei f i ed 9, ~isalngdata Prse 26 BMCS VARIABLES

m*~w~*mmmw*mm variable la67 DRIVER SEAT BfLTS USED? M,D,Codes~ 9 r None ----CWI=I--~W ~wwmm~~-mmm~wm-m-r--li-m- ~ieldwidth! 1, Numeric

FREQ, SEAT BELTS IN USE BY DRIVER?

1, Yes 2, No 3, ***Code value unapesi ij ed 5, ***Cgde val uc uns~eel f i ed 91 Mfssing date

*I-mmm-m-m--m ~a~iable1068 WEATHER M,DaC0desl 9 r None .wmmm-ww~w-*-- L--~-~~~--~L~~--am~~---~Fi01 d width; 1 Numsrlc

I, ~ain 2, Clear 3. Snow. 4, Fos/smoe . 5, Cl oudv/overcast 61 Sleet 7, Other 9, Mlsslng data mmSLm--wwmmw* variable lab9 LIGHT .. r?!D,Codes: 9 r None -l-L~I-~m~-~~ -~~WI-~~---WWW----~-*--.I F(eld w 1 dt h i 11 Numer 4 e

FREQ, LIGHT

1. Day, *, 2, ~rtiflchllights 3, Dawn 4, Othe~ 5, Dusk 6, Da~k, 9, Misslng date

~-LImIumv--Iw variable 1070 ROAD SURFACE M,D,Codesr , 9 r None mmrrw-m-m---m wm~wm~m-~---~-m~w--~.w~- Field Width: 1, Numerrc

FREQ, ROAD SURFACE

laorv 2, wet 3, Snowy 4, Iey 5, Other 6, ***Code val ue unspec i f i ed 9, ~lssingdata BMC3 VARIABLES Page 27

variabje 1071 NUMBER OF LANES M,D,Cades! . 9 r Nan6 mmCIIIIII-~m. ~m~~omm.-o-~11~-l--~2.-~~ F 1 dl d w i dt h : 1, Numeric

FREQ, NUMBER OF LANE8

I, One lane 2, Two lanes 3, Three lanes 4, Foursor more lanes 9, Mlssf~gdate

mm-awm-LIw*-m variable 1072 HIGHWAY TYPE M,D,Cedpst 9 r None m.lI~IL-m~~m~ --~--U------~---=--I-L-W ~4 el d w {dth i 1, Numepie

FREQ, HIGHWAY TYPE

1. Divided 2. Undlvlded 3. ***Coda value unspee) f led 4, ***Cede value unspecified 9, MJssinq data

m*m--a0--1-10 variable, 1073 RAMP INVOLVED. M,D,Codesr 9 r None L~-III~~m~~la-wm-~m~-w~-mu--~~---~-cm F(eld W(dth: lr Numer!e

FREQ, RAMP INVOLVED

1; Entrance ram? (expresrwav) 2, ~xitramp [expressway) 3, Not ap~lieable 9, Missing data BMCS DERIVED VARIABLES

Variable 1074 Other Object Involved (c.f. V301)

Missing data Not applicable Auto, truck. bus Fixed object Pedestrian Train Bi ke Animal Other

Variable 1075 Off Road (c.f. V302)

0. Missing data 1. Ran off road 2. Did not

Variable 1076 Overturn (c. f. V303)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 1077 Fire (c.f. 1304)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 1078 Misc. (c.f. V305) (Includes jacknife, separation of units , cargo problems)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 1079 Driver Drinking (c.f. V306)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 1080 Driver Dozed (c.f. V307)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No Variable 1081 Power Unit Make (c.f. V308)

rliss ing data Other Brockway Chevrol et Diamond Reo Dodge Ford Freight1iner GMC International Harvester Kenworth black Peterbi 1t White Unknown

Variable 1082 Type of Defect (c.f. V310)

Missing data Wheel /Tires Brakes Steering Suspension Power, exhaust Lights Other Hitch Unknown

Variable 1083 Weather (c.f. V312)

0. Missing data 1. Rain 2. Clear 3. Snow 4. Cloudy 5. Sleet 6. Other 9. Unknown

Variable 1084 Light (c.f. V313)

0. Missing data 1. Day 2. Dark, lights 3. Dawn/Dusk 4. Dark Variable 1085 Ramp Involved (c.f. V315)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No 9. Unknown

Variable 1086 Roadway Divided (c. f. V316)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No 9. Unknown

Variable 1087 Driver Sick (c.f. V317)

0. Missing data 1. Yes 2. No

Variable 1100 Accident Tv~e

0, Missing data 1. Single vehicle 2. Multi-vehicle 9. Unknown Variable 9000 Case Status

0. Missing data 1. FARS data only 2. FARS + BMCS data 3. BMCS data only 4. FARS + FARSINTERVIEW + BMCS data 5. FARS + FARSINTERVIEW data HSRI - University of Michigan

APPENDIX B

COMMON VARIABLE RECODE DEFINITIONS

APPENDICES

Overturn?

BMCS103=1 (Overturned) if BMCS21=2 2 (Not Overturned) if Otherwise

FARS303=1 (Overturned) if FARS19=1 and FARS20=O 2 (Not overturned) if Otherwise

Fire?

BMCS104=1 (Fire) if BMCS21=4 2 (No fire) if Otherwise

FARS304=1 (Fire) if FARS19=2 and FARS20=O 2 (No fire) if Otherwise'

Misc. (Includes Jackknife, Separation of Units, Cargo Problems)

BMCS105=1 (Jackknife,separation of units , cargo problems) if BMCS21=1,3,5,6 2 (None of above) if Otherwi se

FARS19=7 and FARS20=O Otherwise

Driver Condition Sick?

BMCS117=1 (Yes) if BMCS28=2 2 (No) if Otherwise FARS317=1 (Yes) if FARS150=2 2 (No) if Otherwise Drinking?

BMCS106=1 (Yes) if BMCS28=3 2 (No) if Otherwise FARS306=1 (Yes) FARSl50=04 (1976) 2 (No) Otherwise

FARS306=1 (Yes) if FARS212=1 (1977) 2 (10) if Otherwi se Dozed?

BMCS107=1 (Yes) if . BMCS28=4 2 (No) if Otherwise FARS307=1 (Yes) if FARS150=1 2 (No) if Otherwise power unit Make ( IY// ~AKLJ

BMCS108=1 (Other) 2 ' Brockway) 3 (Chevrolet) 4 (Diamond Red) 5 (Dodge) 6 (Ford) 7 (Freightl iner) 8 (GMC) 9 (Inter; Harvester) 10 (Kenworth) 11 (Mack) 12 (Peterbi1 t) 13 (White) 14 (Unknown)

FARS308=1 (Other) FARS 103=97,83 2 (Brockway) FARS 103=80 3 (Chevrolet) FARS103=1 4 (Diamond Red) FARS103=81 5 (~odge) FARS 1 03= 7 6 (Ford) FARSl03=2 7 (Freightl iner) FARS 103=82 8 (GMC) FARS103=84 9 (Inter. Harvester) FARS103=85 10 (Kenworth) FARS 103=86 11 (Mack) FARS103=87 12 (Peterbi 1 t) FARS103=88 13 (White) FARS103=89 14 (Unknown) FARS103=99

Defect? (To be compatible with BMCS65) FARS309=1 (Yes) if 2 (No) if 9 (Unknown) if

Type of Defects

BMCS110=1 (WheelITires) 2 (Brakes) 3 (Steering System) 4 (Suspension) 5 (Fuel , Trans. , Drivel ine,Engine) 6 (Lights) 7 (Other) 8 (Coup1 ing) 9 (Unknown) FARS310=1 (Wheelltires) FARS124=1 2 (Brakes) FARS124=2 3 (Steering) FARS124=3 4 (Suspension) FARS124-4 5 (Power, Exhaust) FARS 124~5-6 6 (Lights) FARS124=7-9 7 (Other) FARS124=10-14 8 (Hitch) FARS 124= 15 9 (Unknown) FARS124=99

Light

FARS313=1 (Day) if 2 (Dark, Lights) if 3 (DawnIDus k) if 4 (Dark) if

BMCS113=1 (Day) if 2 (Lights) if 3 ( DawnIDus k) if 4 (Dark) if

Road Surface (To be cornpati ble with (BMCS71) FARS314=1 (Dry) if 2 (Wet) if 3 (Snow) if 4 (Ice) if 5 (Other) if 9 (Unknown) if

Seat Belts? (To be compatible with BMCS68) FARS311=1 (Yes) if 2 (No) if 9 (Unknown) if

Weather

FARS312=1 (Rain) if 2 (Clear) if 3 (Snow) if 4 (Cloudy) if 5 (Sleet) if 6 (Other) if 9 (Unknown) if

BMCS112=1 (Rain) if 2 (Clear) if 3 (Snow) if 4 (Cloudy) if 5 (Sleet) if 6 (Other) if 9 (Unknown) if Ramp Invol ved?

FARS315=1 (Yes) 2 (No) 9 (unknown) BMCS1 I S=1 (Yes) 2 (No) 3 (Unknown)

Roadway Divided?

FARS316=1 (Yes) 2 (No) 9 (unknown) BMCS116=1 (Yes) HSRI - University of Michigan

APPENDIX C

SCATTER PLOTS AND CONTINGENCY TABLES

FOR THE COMMON VARIABLES

APPEND ICES HSRI - University of Michigan

This appendix contains univariate and contingency tables as well as scatter plots of the variables common to the BMCS and FARS data sets. Tables and plots which appear in the text of this report are not repeated here.

Many of the tables and plots are subset on the strata variable ( v9000:CASEST) which is discussed in Section 5. The strata are indicated by the phrase "Strat=..." at the beginning of a table or group of tables or at the top of a plot. The levels of v9000:CASEST are as follows:

1) FARSON = cases with FARS data only 2) FARSBM = cases with FARSSBMCS data 3) BXCSON = cases with BMCS data only 4) ALLMTC = FARS+TRIP SURVEY+BMCS data 5) FARSIN = FARS+TRIP SURVEY data.

The numbers of the above strata correspond to the numbers in Figure 3 which describes the structure of the data file (see discussion in Section 5)

APPENDICES

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