Volume 4 (2), 2013 Contents Editorial
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– practice, education and research Volume 4 (2), 2013 Contents Editorial Editorial .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Dance is a diverse cultural phenomenon. experience and the works by the Swedish Traditional forms continue their existence, choreographer Per Jonsson, and especially on Practical Papers: Joey Chua and Hannele Niiranen: ’Ballet Energy for Boys’ in Finland: migrate and merge with new forms. Some forms how traditions are reenacted by dance revival A Description of the Workshop Content ....................................................................................................................................................................................................4 are widely known, recognized and practiced, and reconstruction. some are familiar mostly to communities The issue includes two peer-reviewed Cecilia Roos: Embodied Timing − Passing Time ....................................................................................................................................................................12 practicing or researching them. Nordic Journal research articles. In her contribution, Johanna Research Papers: of Dance: Practice, Education and Research Laakkonen explores the interplay between Johanna Laakkonen: Early Modern Dance and Theatre in Finland ...............................................................................................................18 acknowledges this diversity and welcomes early modern dance and theatre in Finland by Petri Hoppu: Other Flesh: Embodiment in Couple and Group Dances ...........................................................................................................32 contributions regarding any dance form. The focusing on Maggie Gripenberg’s (1881–1976) Review: editorial board aims at enhancing interest work in Helsinki in the 1920s and 1930s. Susanne Frederiksen: Dancing for Young Audiences: and awareness across dance forms, ways of Laakkonen’s article is a rare example of a cross- A Practical Guide to Creating, Managing and Marketing a Performance Company, 2013 ................................................ 46 practicing and studying them within the Nordic disciplinary analysis concerning theatre and dance community. dance. The second research article also comes The four articles presented in this issue focus from Finland. Here, Petri Hoppu investigates Gudbjörg Arnardóttir, Iceland Editorial Board on ballet, contemporary dance, modern dance, the possibilities of an embodied perspective Anette Sture Iversen, Norway Issue editor: and social dance. The authors’ approaches vary in the research of couple and group dances. Kristine Høeg Karlsen, Norway Eeva Anttila, Finland as well: some focus on practice and on embodied He is applying phenomenological research Elisabet Sjöstedt-Edelholm, Sweden experiences, some draw mainly from historical methodology, a more familiar approach in Board members: Ingrid Redbark-Wallander, Sweden Charlotte Svendler Nielsen, Denmark archives and resources. The practical articles Nordic dance research context. A book review by Leena Rouhiainen, Finland have a research orientation, and the research Susanne Frederiksen concludes the issue. articles are rooted in practice. Practice and As in the previous issue, all articles are Cover photo: Bengt Wanselius. research are thus interconnected. written in English. The emphasis is on Finnish Original design: Bente Halvorsen. The first article by Joye Chua and Hannele authors’ work. As the editor, also based in Revised design: Arild Eugen Johansen Niiranen focuses on ballet pedagogy, and Finland, I feel a little uneasy about this situation, Publisher: Dans i Skolen on behalf of Dance Education Nordic Network (DENN), discusses the difficulty of attracting boys to ballet but on the other hand, also a little bit proud. We www.dansiskolen.no, [email protected] studies. It is a practical article, but includes are a small nation with a peculiar language Printing: Oslo Fokustrykk AS a rich literature review and a theoretically – maybe this is why the need to reach out ISSN 1891-6708 framed pedagogical discussion. The line internationally is very strong. However, I hope Supported by: between practical and research contributions that the next issues will be more diverse even in is sometimes very thin, delineated most often terms of nationalities of authors. I encourage all nordic forum for dance research by the presentation of empirical data that are practitioners and researchers to contribute to the systematically collected and analysed, and the Nordic Journal of Dance: Practice, Education dans i skolen discussion of methodology that has guided and Research. the process. The second article by Cecilia Roos is also practical, despite that it is connected to Eeva Anttila ongoing research. Here, the focus is on embodied Editor Nordic Journal of Dance - Volume 4(2) 2013 3 ’Ballet Energy for Boys’ in Finland: A Description of the Workshop Content ‘Ballet Energy for Boys’ in Finland: Joey Chua and Hannele Niiranen A Description of the Workshop Content Joey Chua and Hannele Niiranen ABSTRACT TIIVISTELMÄ How can we improve Finnish boys’ conceptions of ballet? Kuinka voimme parantaa poikien käsityksiä baletista? Introduction to the statement “We should have more time for How can we increase male involvement in ballet? We Kuinka voimme lisätä miespuolisten baletin The lack of male dancers in ballet is hardly news. dance” – Gray inferred that boys refrained from 1 PAPER PRACTICAL tried to answer these central questions by reflecting on harrastajien määrää? Yritämme vastata näihin keskeisiin As Kenneth Greve, the artistic director of the dancing probably due to gender regimes within and reviewing the goals, content and teaching methods kysymyksiin pohtimalla ja tarkastelemalla tavoitteita, Finnish National Ballet (FNB) has lamented: the family and school (2007, 47). utilized to teach methods of a tuition-free ballet sisältöä ja opetusmenetelmiä, joita sovelletaan Whilst we, in this present article, do not aim workshop titled Ballet Energy for Boys. Produced by the Kansallisoopperan tukemassa, ilmaiseksi tarjottavassa I have to say that I am looking at tons and tons to provide reasons why boys distance themselves Finnish National Opera, this workshop was introduced to Balettienergiaa Pojille! -työpajassa, joka on vuosina of lovely young ladies but I am missing boys from dancing, we aim to describe how we can about 2500 seven to eight year-old boys in elementary 2011-2013 tavoittanut lähes 2500 7-8 -vuotiasta poikaa and this is creating a void. And it’s unfortunate encourage them to dance. Hence, we follow Isto schools in the capital region in Finland. Written primarily pääkaupunkiseudun peruskouluissa. Tanssikasvattajille and I believe that it’s a question of culture. Turpeinen’s assertion to focus on the possibilities for dance educators, this article aims to contribute to the suunnattu, poikien tanssiharrastusta edistävä (Salmi 2010) and potential of dance (2012). Boys love dancing, literature about our recent efforts in inspiring boys to artikkelimme nojaa aiheesta tehtyihin tutkimuksiin. as Isto Turpeinen suggested, because of peer learn ballet and to learn how to appreciate ballet. Lehikoinen (2003, 28) echoed this by explaining influence and support, the innate pleasures that Finnish men, as early as during the 20th derived from dancing and the physical action of century, have been hesitant to take up dancing dance. ballet due to social prejudices. Similarly, This article consists of three parts. First, we Viitala (1998) suggested that it could be due to provide the contexts for dance education for unnecessary social pressures. Sarje (1997), in a boys in Finland to situate our study. Second, we quantitative study of students in four elementary describe the workshop of Ballet Energy for schools in Central Finland, found out that boys Boys in terms of its goals, content and teaching had more negative conceptions about dancing methods. Finally in the conclusion, we provide than girls. Unfortunately, she did not provide any the reflections of the workshop. reason for the differences in their conceptions. Researchers in the US, the UK and Australia Dance Education for Boys in also suggested reasons that dissuade men from Finland dancing. They investigated, using gendered lenses, Prior to the 1980s, the Finnish National Opera the masculinity (e.g. Ashley 2009), sexuality (e.g. Ballet School (FNOBS) was the only school Burt 2007) and stereotyping of male dancers as in Finland that offered systematic training for virtuosic and likened to sportsmen (Gard 2001). [ballet] dancers (Nieminen 1999). Here, all-male In another study conducted in six all-boys’ ballet classes were offered since 1959 (Ahjolinna schools in Dublin, Ireland, Gray (2007) surveyed 1994). In the early 1980s, Ilkka Lampi, a highly- the students aged 7 to 8 and 11 regarding their respected male teacher who was trained at attitudes towards dancing. From the negative the Vaganova Institute’s teaching programme, responses — 43.2% of the boys strongly disagreed assumed the role for teaching the male students 4 Nordic Journal of Dance - Volume 4(2) 2013 5 at the FNOBS; and henceforth, ballet education education in Finland: he has been steadfastly • Demonstrating the basic skills essential