Annual Report 2007 Summary Published By: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) Kennedyallee 50 D-53175 Bonn Germany Editorial Responsibility: Dr

Annual Report 2007 Summary Published by: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) Kennedyallee 50 D-53175 Bonn Germany Editorial Responsibility: Dr. Christian Bode (responsibility) Nora Neuwinger Translation by: SciTech Communications GmbH Layout: Kuhn, Kammann & Kuhn AG Typesetting: Zerres GmbH Printed by: Moeker Merkur Druck GmbH & Co. KG

ISBN: 978-3-87 192-868-0 April 2008/2,500

Photo credits: Page 2: Rolf Wegst; Page 3, 11, 43: DAAD-Archiv; Page 7, 10: Hajo Zylla; Page 35: Michael Jordan; Page 36: Michael Jordan, DAAD-Archiv, Youssef Kayser; Page 37: Bundesregierung/Bernd Kühler, Klaus-Reiner Klebe, Eric Lichtenscheidt; Page 38: DAAD-Archiv (3x), Reiner Zensen; Page 39: Nicole Maskus, David Ausserhofer, NAFSA, DAAD-Archiv; Organisation Chart: Michael Jordan, Eric Lichtenscheidt. DAAD Offices Worldwide

North America 17 Toronto

New York

San Francisco

Havana Mexico City

San José

Caracas Bogotá

Latin America 30 Rio de Jane São Paulo

Santiago de Chile Buenos Aires Central/Eastern Europe/CIS 135

Western Europe 154 St. Petersburg Riga Minsk Moscow Novosibirsk London Brussels Warsaw Paris Prague Kiev Tashkent Rome Bucharest Beijing Tbilisi Baku Almaty Barcelona Budapest Bishkek Seoul Istanbul Yerevan Tehran Dushanbe Tokyo Athens Ankara Shanghai Damascus Taipei East Jerusalem Cairo Guangzhou New Delhi Hong Kong North Africa/Middle East 23 Abu Dhabi Hanoi Mumbai Bangkok Ho Chi Minh City Khartoum Chennai

Accra Kuala Lumpur Singapore Nairobi

Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa 14 Asia/Australia/Oceania 67

Jakarta eiro

Johannesburg

Sydney

Total 14 Regional Offices 48 Information Centres (IC) 440 Lektors DAAD Annual Report 2007 (Summary) 1 2 Preface

I took office as President of the DAAD at the beginning of 2008, having been elected by the members of the DAAD in the summer of the previous year. This report about 2007 therefore deals with the final year of office of my predecessor, Professor Theodor Berchem. My colleague Professor Berchem led and formed the DAAD for five terms of office over a total of 20 years, while also serving as the President of the University of Würzburg. We paid tribute to his work, which turned the DAAD into one of the largest and most successful academic exchange organisations world wide with over 1.4 million funding recipients in total, with a farewell celebration in Bonn in December 2007 and with a “Festschrift”, to which about 50 renowned authors from around the world contributed. In 2007 the DAAD was once again able to increase its number of funding recipients to over 56,000, thanks to a welcome increase in its funding to a total of €280 million. In addition to this, 22 new programmes could be launched, including some in cooperation with foreign governments. This pleasing development has increased this year too. The importance of internationalisation is now not only evident to international organisations, but has also been perceived more clearly by those with political responsibility. Both the German Foreign Office (Auswärtiges Amt, AA) as well as the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF) and the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Ent- wicklung, BMZ) have developed their own internationalisation strategies. German universities have also made considerable progress in this area, although there remains a lot to be done if they want to keep up with the growing competition from the old and especially the new rivals on the global education market. The active support provided by the DAAD is thus set to continue to grow in importance. In doing so, I aim to focus on the following points: Ð Exploit the potential of the Bologna process: Now that the new structures created by the Bologna process are increasingly being consolidated, it is important to take the opportunities offered by the enlarged European Higher Educa- tion Area. European mobility to and from Germany needs to be increased significantly. As we can see, this idea by no means sells itself, but needs to be actively and professionally promoted by the universities. Ð Increase the number of Germans studying abroad: Our next generation of leaders needs to have even more international and cosmopolitan qualifications than previous generations have had in the past. Half of all German students should have substantial international experience, be it as part of their studies or by having worked as an intern abroad. At present only about one in three German students have such international experience. 3

Ð Increase the number of foreign students, lecturers and professors in Germany: Germany needs to improve its position in comparison to the global competition. We therefore aim to increase the number of international students to 300,000 and increase the number of foreign lecturers and professors at German universities from currently 2,000 to 4,000. Ð Expand development cooperation: In spite of all competitive efforts to take the lead, we must not neglect the responsibility that the rich industrialised nations have towards developing countries. The proportion of German development aid spent on education and universities needs to be increased significantly. 4 Preface

The fact that encouraging developments within the DAAD have been possible to date and will continue to be in the future is, first and foremost, thanks to our financial backers Ð of whom we now have more than 80 Ð in Germany and abroad, in particular the members of the German Bundestag and the representatives of the German Federal Government. We should also thank our member universities and colleges, the members of the DAAD’s decision-making bodies and the about 600 professors sitting on selection committees, who provide their services to the DAAD on a voluntary basis and vouch for the quality of the decisions taken by the DAAD. Last, but not least, I wish to thank our employees at the DAAD’s Head Office and at our international offices, who continue to do outstanding work promoting worldwide academic exchange through their great personal dedication, under the excellent leadership of our Secretary General. I am looking forward to the year ahead and to supporting and promoting German higher education establishments and scientific institutions on the road to increased internationalisation.

Professor Dr. Stefan Hormuth President of the German Academic Exchange Service 5 6 Contents

The DAAD 2007 at a Glance

A Summary 8 1. The DAAD as a Self-Administrative Organisation of Germany’s Higher Education Institutions 8 2. The DAAD as an Intermediary Organisation in Foreign Cultural and Education Policy, National and European Higher Education Policy, and Development Cooperation 12 3. The History of the DAAD from 1950–2007 13 4. Strategic Tasks and Objectives 14 5. Programmes, Projects and their Guiding Principles 18 6. Programme Policy Changes – New Programmes 22 7. Exchange Balance 26 8. Origin and Use of Funds 30 9. The Work of the Decision-Making Bodies 34 10. The DAAD Head Office 41

Appendix

Members of the Executive Committee 44 Members of the Board of Trustees 45 List of Selected Publications 48

Addresses in Germany and Abroad 50 Organisation Chart of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) 52 7

I. The DAAD 2007 at a Glance 8 The DAAD in 2007

A Summary

The DAAD is a joint organisation of Germany’s higher education institutions and is responsible for promoting international academic relations, primarily through the exchange of students, academics and researchers. The DAAD is the agency responsible for raising the international profile of Germany’s higher education institutions and simultaneously serves as a “mediating organisation” in the government’s foreign, European, development and higher education policies. The DAAD’s main objectives include: Ð encouraging outstanding young students and academics from abroad to come to Germany for study or research visits and, as far as possible, maintaining contact with them as life-long partners, Ð qualifying young German researchers and professionals at the very best institutions around the world in a spirit of tolerance and openness, Ð promoting the internationality and appeal of Germany’s universities and higher education institutions, Ð maintaining or establishing German studies including German language, literature and cultural studies at an appropriate level at major foreign universities, Ð helping the developing countries of the Southern Hemisphere and the transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe to establish efficient higher education structures. These objectives are implemented in more than 200 programmes that are predominantly publicly funded by the Federal Government of Germany. These programmes are generally open to all disciplines and all countries, and benefit foreigners and Germans alike. In addition, the DAAD provides a number of services to support the international activities of German higher education institutions. These include information and publication programmes, marketing, consulting and support services, plus programmes aimed at raising the international profile and worldwide appeal of German higher education institutions. Finally, the DAAD plays an advisory role in guiding German foreign cultural and education policy, national higher education policy and development policy.

1. The DAAD as a Self-Administrative Organisation of Germany’s Higher Education Institutions

The Higher Education Exchange Service (Austauschdienst der Hochschulen) was first established in 1925 in response to an initiative by academics. It was dissolved in 1945 and re-established in 1950 as a registered association under private law. The DAAD’s full members are Ð subject to application Ð the universities represented in the German Rectors’ Conference (Hochschulrektorenkonferenz, HRK) and the student bodies of these institutions. In 2007 the DAAD membership included a total of 231 higher education institutions and 126 student bodies (figures correct as of June 2007), with all types of higher education institutions represented. How- ever, membership is not a prerequisite for participation in DAAD programmes; 9

Chart A Structure of the DAAD

The Länder governments as Academic and institutional sponsors of the Federal Government scientific organisations higher education institutions

Board of Trustees Head Office Executive Committee chaired by the DAAD President Vice-President Secretary General 6 Federal Government representatives1) 9 other representatives of Regional Offices 3 Länder representatives higher education institutions 5 professors President 3 student representatives of the DAAD 3 student representatives 9 representatives of 1 representative of the academic and scientific Selection Donor’s Association organisations2) Committees 2 representatives of the Permanent guests General Assembly

General Assembly

Vice-chancellors/presidents of the higher education institutions Representatives of the student bodies (each with two votes, in some cases, group votes for special types of higher (1 vote each, in some cases, group votes) education institutions)

DAAD member institutions (231) Student bodies

Universities, universities of Group votes of the member technology, universities institutions of education, comprehensive Fachhochschulen Universities Other higher edu- universities with the right to (universities of of education cation institutions confer doctorates and professorial applied sciences) in Baden- (colleges of art, teaching qualifications Württemberg music, theology etc.) (82) (109) (6) (34) (126)

1) AA, BMBF, BMZ, BMWi, BMI, BKM 2) AvH, DFG, DSW, DUK, GI, DHV, SV, SdV, DVT 10 Total Funding

770,000 Germans have seen the world

funded with:

One-year scholarships (since 1952) 63,700

One-semester and short-term scholarships (since 1950) 75,200

Study visits (since 1972) 84,100

Student internships and traineeships (since 1950) 106,800

International study and exchange programmes – ISAP (since 1981) 24,900

ERASMUS/LEONARDO (since 1988) 295,200

Bilateral exchange of academics (since 1959) 11,100

University partnerships (since 1989) 35,200

Project-linked exchange of academics (since 1989) 32,100

Long-term lectureships (since 1966) 4,700

Short-term lectureships (since 1966) 14,300

DAAD Lektors (since 1950) 17,700 Looking beyond 11

670,000 foreigners have experienced Germany

DAAD Total Funding funded with:

1950 – 2007 One-year scholarships (since 1952) 147,700

One-semester and short-term scholarships (since 1950) 134,900

Study visits (since 1951) 138,700

Student internships and traineeships (since 1950) 105,600

Government scholarships managed by the DAAD (since 1989) 13,100

Bilateral exchange of academics (since 1959) 12,500

University partnerships (since 1989) 77,800

Study visits and re-invitations for international academics and researchers (since 1960) 38,100 the borders 12 The DAAD in 2007

although it does open up significant opportunities for institutions to influence the management and constitution of the DAAD (election of decision-making bodies, statute resolutions) as well as the basic principles and policies underlying the development and design of programmes. At the same time, membership is also an expression of the DAAD’s character as a self-governing organisation of the academic community. This philosophy is reflected in the association’s constitution and, especially, in the academic make-up of its decision-making bodies (see Chart A on page 9). The self-governing nature of the DAAD includes a policy of all funding decisions being made by independent academic Selection Committees. In all cases, the main selection criteria are the applicant’s academic qualifications and the quality of the project. The roughly 600 university lecturers who sit on the 85 or so Selection Commit- tees in an honorary capacity are appointed by the DAAD Executive Committee without any influence from state or government bodies. They serve on these committees for a four-year term of office and may only be reappointed once.

2. The DAAD as an Intermediary Organisation in Foreign Cultural and Education Policy, National and European Higher Education Policy, and Development Cooperation

In its capacity as the largest German funding organisation for international academic cooperation, the DAAD, with considerable public funds at its disposal, simultaneously fulfils responsibilities in the fields of foreign cultural and educational policy, development policy and national higher education policy, with the latter addressing the internationalisation of research, teaching and study as its main objective. In addition, the DAAD performs a number of intermediary roles within European education policy Ð especially with regard to the European Union’s exchange and mobility programmes Ð and in implementing the Bologna Process, which aims to create a single European Higher Education Area (which now includes 46 countries) by 2010. Working at these various political interfaces, the DAAD performs intermediary tasks that go in several directions: between the various federal ministries, between the German federation (Bund) and the states (Länder) Ð they are financially and territorially responsible for the universities Ð between universities and the state, between academia, on the one hand, and politics, on the other. This partly autonomous mediating role is rare, by any means, and is unique in its (financial) order of magnitude. Germany’s troubled history (the DAAD was founded in 1925 and re-established after the war in 1950) certainly plays a role in this, as does the country’s federal structure. The DAAD has, however, been able to justify its continued existence, with the combination of its tradition spanning more than 80 years, its professionalism, creativity and efficiency. The DAAD’s self-governing character also provides opportunities for international activities, even where official inter-governmental relations are subject to particular political difficulties. 13

The understanding between state and university for these interdependencies, interests and benefits generally allows both sides to communicate as equal partners, even where academic and political aims and interests do not initially coincide.

3. The History of the DAAD from 1950 – 2007

The table below (Table 1) presents key data on how the DAAD has developed since 1950. Both the number of funding recipients and the other figures have seen dynamic growth. In more than 57 years since the DAAD was re-established after the Second World War, more than 1.4 million academics from Germany and abroad, who in turn established and gained a multitude of contacts in their respective host countries, have been funded, creating a close-knit and constantly growing network whose academic, political and economic significance cannot be over- estimated. No less significant than these quantitative indicators are the quality contributions to content and subject matter which the DAAD has made by systematically improving its programmes and developing innovative concepts on the quality of academic exchange and on the internal reform of Germany’s universities. Prime examples include the Action Programmes adopted in 1996, 2000 and 2004 to raise Germany’s international competitiveness as a centre of higher education, science and research and the institutional programmes developed on the basis of these programmes (www.daad.de/portrait/en/1.2.html).

Table 1 Key Data on the Development of the DAAD from 1950 – 2007

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2006 2007 DAAD funding recipients 426 4,861 10,883 21,813 33,959 46,659 55,229 56,533 of which Germans 230 1,710 2,035 7,699 11,985 20,063 21,248 21,372 of which foreigners 196 3,151 8,848 14,114 21,974 26,596 33,981 35,161

EU funding recipients (via the DAAD) 4,924 17,388 28,995 29,218

Total print-run for DAAD publications 155,000 200,000 415,000 427,000 825,000 620,000 680,000 Budget (expenditure in ‘000 euros) 75 4,512 26,404 69,936 134,590 218,801 263,303 280,605 Staff positions (Head office, regional offices, Berlin office) 8 48 142 215 309 307,5 281 277 Project and contract-funded positions 6 2 12,5 25,5 161 288 322,5 Regional offices abroad/ in Germany/Maison Heinrich Heine 4 6 10 14 16 17 18

Member institutions 62 (pers.) 32 38 64 189 231 231 231 Member student bodies 32 37 49 99 127 126 126 Selection Committee members 44 187 328 474 543 561 602 14 The DAAD in 2007

4. Strategic Tasks and Objectives

The DAAD programmes can be assigned to five strategic objectives as shown in Chart B (see page 16/17). The intersections of the circles represent the mutual dependencies and interactions that exist between the various areas of activity.

These five objectives are:

To promote outstanding young foreign academics as a means of winning future managers, executives and leaders in education, science and research, culture, business and industry, in politics and the media as partners and friends of Germany. (Goal 1) The DAAD funds the academic and personal training of outstanding young foreign academics at German universities and research institutes by awarding scholarships and grants largely financed from the budget of the AA and of the BMZ. Target groups for this funding are students, trainees and interns, postgraduates and research scientists, as well as academics and researchers chosen from the large number of applicants by the members of the DAAD’s independent academic Selection Committees. The DAAD provides its former scholarship holders (alumni) with follow-up and support services that extend beyond the funding term in Ger- many, a policy that serves to create a worldwide network of leading professionals who have positive ties and relations with Germany.

To promote outstanding young German academics in order to qualify them as open-minded future managers, executives and leaders in education, science and research, culture, business and industry, in politics and the media in the spirit of international and intercultural experience. (Goal 2) The DAAD funds the academic and personal training of outstanding German students, interns and trainees, (post)graduates and young or junior researchers chosen from the many applicants by the members of the independent academic Selection Committees. The DAAD enables them to complete study or research visits at the best universities around the world by awarding scholarships and grants that are largely funded from the budget of the BMBF. Where possible and necessary, the DAAD supports these scholarship holders at their place of study or assignment and maintains contact with these DAAD alumni after funding has ended.

To promote the internationality and appeal of Germany’s universities to ensure that Germany remains or once again becomes a leading destination for young academics and researchers from around the world. (Goal 3) The DAAD promotes the systematic and professional internationalisation of Germany’s universities by providing advice, in-service training, institutional programmes, and by actively contributing to the political opinion forming process. 15

The focus is on developing and introducing high quality, internationally competitive study and research programmes for qualified foreign students, (post)graduates, academics and researchers. The DAAD also encourages and promotes the creation of hospitable conditions for foreigners (such as the law relating to foreigners and its provisions on status and work permit legislation, support, follow-up contacts) and assists higher education institutions to position themselves in the international “education market” (“higher education marketing” and “off-shore projects”).

To promote German Studies, German language, literature and cultural studies at selected universities around the world in order to strengthen German as a major international cultural language and lingua franca and to raise an interest in, knowledge of and identification with Germany. (Goal 4) This primarily involves placing (at present) 440 Lektors worldwide, awarding scholarships and grants, arranging special events and editing publications. The DAAD is also establishing German Studies Centres at selected leading foreign universities to qualify young students and (post)graduates as future specialists on Germany (15 such centres have already been established). In Germany itself, the DAAD also sees German as a foreign language (Deutsch als Fremdsprache, DaF) as an important subject due to the significance which German language skills have for the admission of foreign students to German universities. This includes the development and worldwide implementation of a standardised German as a foreign language test (TestDaF) as well as funding for German language courses for foreigners studying at German universities, including courses delivered by means of new media.

To promote higher education development in developing countries and in the transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe as a means of supporting their economic and democratic reform processes. (Goal 5) Using funds largely provided by the BMZ, the DAAD finances the creation of efficient and sustainable higher education structures in developing and transition countries. Key areas include the initial, continuing and in-service training of young university lecturers and other experts and professionals by awarding grants and scholarships for visits to Germany as well as sur-place scholarships for studies in the respective home countries and the development of partnerships with German universities. Here again the creation of sustainable long-term contact to the DAAD funding recipients is an integral part of the programme. Funding to enable these students, academics and researchers to visit German universities also serves to advance an understanding of the developing countries here in Germany as well as of the need for development policy cooperation. In the broader sense, this area of activity includes efforts to increase the dialogue between cultures. It also comprises higher-education-related assistance with reconstruction following armed conflict or natural disasters (Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe, Afghanistan, Iraq and Tsunami). 16 The DAAD in 2007

Chart B The DAAD’s Tasks and Objectives

Scholarships12Scholarships for foreigners for Germans

Expenditure: Expenditure: €63 million €77 million

Promoting4 German Studies and the German language

Expenditure: €37 million 17

1. Scholarships for foreigners 4. Promoting German studies and To promote outstanding young foreign the German language academics at German universities and To promote the German language, Ger- research institutes man Studies and German culture and General individual grants and scholar- society at foreign universities ships for foreign students, trainees and Courses taught in German at foreign interns, (post)graduates, academics and universities researchers, artists and administrators Institutional German Studies partner- Support and placement programmes ships for trainees and interns Placement of German academic staff Short-term programmes for fact-finding (Lektors, short-term and long-term and study trips lecturers) at foreign universities Internationalising3 Language courses and specialised courses Individual grants and scholarships for Alumni networks German and foreign students of German the universities as well as academics in the field of 2. Scholarships for Germans German Studies To promote young German professionals Establishing and promoting academic Expenditure: wishing to study or research abroad Centres for German and European (including ERASMUS) Studies abroad General individual grants and scholar- Information, publications, events and €57 million ships for German students, trainees and special programmes interns, (post)graduates, academics and TestDaF: Worldwide language test for researchers, artists and administrators admission to universities in Germany EU mobility programmes Support and placement programmes for 5. Educational cooperation with trainees and interns developing countries Group trips for students attending To promote academic, scientific, econom- Language courses and specialised courses ic and democratic development in developing countries and transition countries 3. Internationalising the universities Promotion of postgraduate courses To increase the appeal of German univer- relating to developing countries sities to foreigners and to promote the inter- University partnerships, Southern national dimension of higher education in Hemisphere partnerships Germany Academic networks and alumni net- University partnerships, international works in developing countries education partnerships Scholarships and lectureships to Bilateral exchange of university support staff development within lecturers, project-related exchange, funding academic structures 5Educational for visiting lecturers from abroad Equipment donations programme Creation of attractive undergraduate Scholarship and grant programmes and postgraduate courses: International for experts, specialists and leaders from cooperation with degree courses, PhD at a German university individual countries (with cost sharing) Support services, follow-up contact developing countries maintenance, improving legislative frame- works, in-service training courses for university staff in International Offices and Expenditure: other disseminators, lobbying (including STIBET), contact fellowships and course €46 million completion grants Information and advertising/promotional campaigns on studying and research in Germany, marketing, GATE-Germany, Joint Initiative, German study programmes abroad, provision of information, student advisory network, provision of advice on foreign cultural and education policy TestAS: Academic aptitude test for foreign students 18 The DAAD in 2007

5. Programmes, Projects and their Guiding Principles

The DAAD runs over 200 programmes. They range from short-term research and teaching exchanges through to long-lasting doctoral scholarships for (post)graduates and professionals from developing countries, and from information visits by delegations of foreign university heads through to long-term regional programmes aimed at establishing efficient higher education structures in the Third World. These are outlined in the 2007 Chronicle, which is only available in the full German version of the Annual Report, Chapter II, and on the DAAD website (www.daad.de). Below is a brief outline of the general guiding principles that apply to most of these programmes.

a) Independent Performance-Based Selection

Even when it was a controversial issue, the DAAD supported an elitist system of funding based purely on performance, backed up by independent academic Selec- tion Committees, which is consequently open to anybody who meets its high stan- dards. In addition to their intellectual ability, funding recipients also need to have a personality which leads us to expect that they will, either directly or indirectly, give some of what they have gained through the funding back to the society that supported them. Of course, this objective is not equally important in every DAAD programme as for example in shorter programmes.

b) People before Projects, Individuals before Institutions

Experience has shown that investing in the best minds produces better long-term results than funding spectacular projects. This is why the individual grant recipient or scholarship holder is at the centre of all DAAD programmes. Bright people generally do bright things and therefore deserve trust rather than control, a realisa- tion that makes proper selection (essentially, the quality of the selectors) the key factor. Of course, this focus on people does not rule out the fact that universities are expected to assume a share of the responsibility (for example in exchange programmes) or that mobility takes place in a topical or disciplinary framework (e.g. the Carlo Schmid Programme for Internships in International Organisations and EU Institutions).

c) Personal Initiative and the “Bottom-Up Approach”

It is not only in its individual scholarship programmes that the DAAD expects applicants to show personal initiative before and during their stay abroad or in Germany as the case may be. Even institutional programmes usually develop from ideas that come from the universities or the Selection Committees, i.e., from the “grass roots”, and are then negotiated with the potential sponsors. This approach 19

Chart C Information and Advice Network 2007

St. Petersburg Riga Minsk Moscow Novosibirsk London Brussels Toronto Warsaw Paris Prague Kiev Tashkent Rome Bukarest Beijing New York Tbilisi Baku Almaty Barcelona Budapest Bishkek Seoul Istanbul Yerevan Tehran Dushanbe Tokyo Athens Ankara Shanghai San Francisco Damascus Taipei East Jerusalem Cairo Guangzhou Havana Abu Dhabi New Delhi Hanoi Hong Kong Mexico City Mumbai Bangkok Hoh Chi Minh City Khartoum Chennai San José Accra Kuala Lumpur Caracas Singapore Bogotá Nairobi

Jakarta

Rio de Janeiro São Paulo Johannesburg Santiago de Chile Buenos Aires Sydney

Total 14 Regional Offices 48 Information Centres (IC)

serves to ensure the necessary sustained interest and staying power on the part of all those involved. A constant flow of new applications and proposals, discussions in the Selection Committees and regular programme-based (evaluation) meetings ensure that the DAAD remains in close contact with the actual people involved on site. 20 The DAAD in 2007

d) Balanced Distribution of Subjects

Essentially, DAAD programmes are equally open to all subjects and disciplines, because such equity in the development of the sciences and humanities and of young academics is the best way of preparing and providing for an unknown future. Of course, this principle cannot always be maintained in the face of the preferences of individual sponsors at home and abroad, which are often specific and occasionally may even be subject to fashions or trends. From the DAAD’s perspective, the principle of subject balance also includes a massive commitment to young artists in all branches; with almost 2,000 funding approvals each year granted to Germans and foreigners, the DAAD has become Germany’s largest funding organisation for young artists.

e) Appropriate Regional Distribution

Just as in the case of balanced subject distribution, the DAAD also endeavours to achieve the broadest possible regional distribution of its programmes, resources and recipients across all countries, a policy that occasionally conflicts with the regional preferences of sponsors and financial backers. Of course, even the DAAD Ð in accordance with its own inherent objective necessities Ð does differentiate between countries. These quasi “endogenous” regulating factors include applicant demand and quality (many Germans want to go to the United States, but the oppo- site does not apply, unfortunately), traditional academic and research relations with particular countries (not least, for example, the Vietnamese heritage of the former East Germany) and privileged political-cultural relations, such as those between Germany and France. While the scholarship quotas for foreigners are politically set in agreement with the AA in its capacity as the DAAD’s institutional sponsor, the quotas for Germans essentially follow the respective (country) demand. However, this does not rule out the possibility of the DAAD occasionally developing special programmes to stimulate politically, academically or professionally-desired demand (such as the programmes: “Go East” and “Language and Practical Experience in China”).

f) Two-Way Exchange rather than One-Way Traffic: the International Learning Community

As its name has declared for over 80 years, the DAAD places great importance on genuine exchange, i.e., dialogue, two-way contacts, mutual and reciprocal relations, and an international academic community. Only in this way we can gain the trust and solidarity of our partners and achieve the greatest possible return on our investment. The return for the international academic community lies not least in a sustained willingness to reform Ð which arises from active ideas, cross-border cooperation and international competition. This is why the DAAD’s motto is “change by exchange” and why the DAAD gives such priority, despite increasing 21

Chart D Centres for German and European Studies 2007

Montréal Birmingham St.Petersburg Minneapolis Amsterdam Toronto Wroclaw Madison Paris/Lyon Waltham Cambridge Sofia Beijing Tokyo Washington D.C. Haifa Berkeley Jerusalem

Canadian Center for German and European Studies Duitsland Instituut Amsterdam/Institute for German Studies Université de Montréal/York University (Montreal, Toronto) Willy-Brandt-Centre for German and European Studies, Minda de Gunzburg Center for German and University of Wroclaw European Studies, Harvard University (Cambridge, Boston) Centre for German and European Studies, Center for German and European Studies, State University of St. Petersburg Brandeis University (Waltham, Boston) Centre for German and European Studies (ZEDES) – BMW Center for German and European Studies, Germanicum, St. Clement-Ohridski University of Sofia Georgetown University (Washington D.C.) Centre for German and European Studies in Komaba (DESK), Midwest-Center for German and European Studies, University of University of Tokyo, (Todai)- Wisconsin-Madison/University of Minnesota-Minneapolis Centre for German and European Studies (ZDS), Center for German and European Studies, Beijing University (Beida) University of California at Berkeley Center for German Studies, Hebrew University of Jerusalem/ Institute for German Studies, University of Birmingham (GB) Haifa Center for German and European Studies, University of Haifa Centre Interdisciplinaire d’Etudes et de Recherches sur l’Allemagne (CIERA), Paris 22 The DAAD in 2007

national and worldwide competition for reputation, resources and the best minds, to mutual cooperation that benefits both sides.

g) Continuity and Dependability

In order to achieve sustained success, international academic cooperation relies on continuity and dependability. This is why the DAAD prefers to fund more modest long-term programmes rather than spectacular but short-lived initiatives, even if this principle does occasionally need to be defended against accusations of “protecting vested interests”.

6. Programme Policy Changes – New Programmes

In the year covered by this report the DAAD once again saw a pleasant increase in the amount of funding contributed by all three of its federal backers, allowing a record number of 22 new programmes to be launched. The budget for grants, scholarships and scientific relations provided by the AA rose by approximately €2.5 million. This additional money was used to boost the one-year grants and short-term grants in line with the new edition of the guidelines on grants published by the AA, which came into force on 1 January 2007 (primarily by way of family and child bonuses). In addition to this, parts of the internationalisation package 2006 were funded, including additional specialist lectureships as well as more grants and scholarships for graduates of German schools abroad. The additional funds from the BMBF, which amounted to approximately €2.4 million, were used to boost funding for International Study and Training Partnerships (Internationale Studien- und Ausbildungspartnerschaften, ISAP) as well as courses offered by German universities abroad. The “Export Programme” for German study programmes abroad is funding over 30 projects by now and will continue to grow in future. New projects in Istanbul, Lahore, Ho Chi Minh City and Oman are currently in preparation, and there are also detailed plans for the further development of the German-Kazakh University in Almaty. The highly successful Programme for the Promotion of Internationalisation (PROFIS) and the structured international PhD programme (PHD) will continue at a somewhat reduced level and with new priorities from 2008 onwards. The increase in funding from the BMZ, amounting to approximately €1.3 million, will be distributed primarily between programmes to combat HIV/AIDS, country-specific scholarship programmes, in particular in Africa, as well as other crisis prevention and conflict resolution measures. There was also a strong growth (approximately €3.7 million) of programmes funded by third party funding, which mostly involve the majority of the grant being financed by a foreign government or foundation, with the DAAD being limited to an auxiliary role as well as involvement in the selection process, supervision and follow-up. About 1,500 DAAD grant recipients are now funded through such programmes. In addition to the continuation of the new programmes launched 23 in 2006, some with significantly more students, five new international partnership programmes were also launched in 2007: Ð the “Post Graduate Program” with Siemens: This programme, two thirds of which is funded by Siemens, allows students of engineering from China, India and Russia to apply for an individual scholarship to study in Germany for up to three years. Ð government scholarship programme with Chile: Chilean postgraduates and postdocs from any subject can apply for a fellowship for up to three and a half years. The scholarship is financed by the Chilean Science and Technology Council CONICYT and the AA. Ð “CAS/DAAD Programme”: Chinese natural scientists and engineers can apply for a two-year sandwich grant in Germany, before going on to obtain their Ph.D. in China. The programme is co-financed by the AA and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Ð SOCAR: The new “SOCAR Scholarship Programme” is financed exclusively by the State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic. This allows students and graduates from Azerbaijan to spend between one and three years studying or conducting research at BA, MA or Ph.D. level in Germany. Ð “German-Korean Partnership Programme” (GenKO): This programme, which is co-financed by the AA and the Korea Research Foundation, allows students and academics from all stages of their academic career and from any subject to apply for a grant or scholarship in Germany or Korea. Other new programmes for Germans and foreigners include a funding scheme for German students to participate in an REU programme (Research Experience for Undergraduates) run by the USA, two special programmes for Mexican students, the “Vladimir Admoni Programme” for doctorate schools in Eastern Europe (for postgraduate students of German) as well as the “Master Plus Programme” for South East Europe. Other new programmes for German universities include: Ð “African Good Governance Network” (AGGN): This programme aims to establish a network of excellent experts and leaders in Africa, who are especially suited to boosting the development of their home countries. Ð “Transition Economics”: Young experts from public and private institutions from Arabian countries and from Germany who have a Bachelor’s degree can apply for funding to participate in the International Masters course “Transition Economics”. Ð “Institutional German Studies Partnerships” in Asia, Latin America and Africa (GIP/ALA): The “Institutional German Studies Partnerships” (Germanistische Institutspartnerschaften, GIP) programme, which so far has been basically limited to the CEE/CIS region, has now been expanded to include Asia, Latin America and Africa. Selected German universities with ideas for projects in these regions can apply for funding, which is initially granted for one year. The GIP programme aims to give a boost to German Studies and the standing of the German language in these regions of the world. 24 The DAAD in 2007

Chart E Distribution of DAAD Lektors at Foreign Universities in 2007, by Region

Western Europe Central/Eastern North America 154 Europe/CIS 135 17 North Africa/Middle East

Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa Latin America 14 Asia/Australia/ 30 Oceania

Total

440 2007

The number of Lektors funded in 2007 (555) is significantly higher than the number of Lektorships (440). This is because Lektors are counted twice for each Lektorship in years when the Lektors change. There is a turnover of approx. 100 –120 Lektors per year. 25

The “Lomonosov Programme” for natural scientists and engineers, which has so far received €1.6 million each from Russia and Germany, was extended until 2011 in 2007. Another new venture is the funding of the associated Centres for German and European Studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and at the University of Haifa. They are intended to act as a regional focal point for teaching and research relating to Germany. Amongst other things, they will offer a Master’s course in German Studies, which will deal with Germany in Europe in the post-1945 era. At the University of Haifa references to Germany in the curricula of first degree courses and in the promotion of postgraduate students will be established and/or intensified. This brings the number of Centres for German and European Studies funded by the DAAD to fifteen. Simultaneously, a call for proposals for a new programme for the promotion of German and European Studies was also published in Canada. As far as information and advertising promoting Germany as a centre of study and research is concerned, the DAAD was present at a large number of major and minor trade fairs at home and abroad. These are specified in the list of events in the appendix of the full Annual Report. Particularly noteworthy was the European Higher Education Fair in Beijing. This was the second major education fair, after India, which the DAAD was responsible for organising. With a total of approximately 180 exhibitors from 25 EU Member States and over 1,300 visitors, this fair has marked a new milestone in the common front of the European higher education and science community. The year 2007 also saw the DAAD boost its research marketing activities, in other words, the global presentation of the capacity and quality of research institutions that Germany has to offer. In total, it conducted 21 projects in eleven countries, 4 of which were in the USA, 3 in Russia, 2 in Brazil, 1 in Chile, 2 in Mexico, 2 in Egypt, 2 in Germany, 2 in Japan, 1 in South Africa, 1 in Singapore and 1 in Australia. A special highlight of 2007 was the “German-Egyptian Year of Science and Technology 2007”, which was an initiative of the BMBF and the Egyptian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. German and Egyptian scientists held numerous workshops and conferences on relevant topics in six different fields of research. A total of 150 events took place in Egypt and Germany during the year. A research fund set up by the governments as well as three mobility agreements between the DAAD and the Egyptian ministry will continue to reinforce German- Egyptian cooperation in the future (www.yearofscience.org). There were also new initiatives in the crucial area of the admission of foreign students. Based on the successful model of the Academic Examination Board (Akademische Prüfstelle, APS) in Beijing, a new APS was opened in the German embassy in Hanoi. Following the example of the APS in China, the APS in Hanoi examines Vietnamese applicants to find out whether they meet the admission requirements stipulated by the Standing Conference of the Ministers of the Education and Cultural Affairs of the Länder of the Federal Republic of Germany. 26 The DAAD in 2007

The issue of a certificate from the APS is a simultaneous requirement for admission to a German university as well as for the issue of a student visa. The TestAS (Test for Academic Studies), a test for foreign students, developed for the DAAD by ITB Consulting and the TestDaF Institute, has also made significant progress. In 2007 it was successfully trialled at a number of TestDaF centres. In cooperation with the central admissions office for foreign students “uni-assist”, this test enables the DAAD to offer German universities a quality-oriented and “customer friendly” admissions procedure for foreign students. Last, but not least, 2007 once again saw the universities with the best supervision of foreign students and researchers recognised with a prize awarded by the AA. This year the prizes were awarded to the Humboldt University of Berlin for the KUSTOS project (Culture and Study Orientation for Foreign Students), an extensive range of supervision support for international students, as well as to the University of Münster for its “Connecta International Münster” project, a fair for international students, postgraduates and graduates where they can meet and network with companies, international organisations and advice centres. Finally, the “BaSIS” project, a central contact point for all foreign students with questions about studying in Germany, including a residential tutoring programme run by the Student Union of Schleswig-Holstein in Kiel, was also awarded a prize by the DAAD and the AA.

7. Exchange Balance

The key data on the 2007 programmes is summarised and compared with the previous year’s figures in Table 2. The structure of the table is based on the academic status of the funding recipients (students, (post)graduates, academics and researchers) and categorises the various programmes on the basis of the duration of funding (short- or long-term scheme). Overall, the data on funding approvals granted in 2007 reveals that the DAAD funded a total of 56,533 students, academics and researchers in 2007, representing a year-on-year increase of around 1,300 (about 2.5%), with this increase being largely attributable to foreign funding recipients (an increase of almost 1,200, cor- responding to nearly 3.5%). In addition to this, a total of 29,113 grants and scholarships were awarded to German students and researchers as part of EU mobility programmes, an increase of about 0.7%, with Germany once again taking the lead among the 31 countries participating in the EU mobility programmes in terms of the number of students studying abroad (“outgoings”). The foreign students, academics and researchers who came to Germany with the EU programme ERASMUS (“incomings”) are not included in these figures, since they were funded by funding bodies in their home countries rather than by the DAAD. Their numbers also increased slightly, rising to about 20,200, but the ratio of “incomings” to “outgoings” remains dissatisfying nevertheless. It is encouraging, however, that German universities are the destination of choice for ERASMUS students from Central and Eastern Europe as well as 27

Table 2 DAAD Funding for Foreigners and Germans General Overview 2006, 2007

Foreigners funded Germans funded Total funded 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 of whom newly funded A Students and graduates 27,397 27,808 15,320 15,706 42,717 43,514 35,637 1. One-year and one-semester scholarships 8,796 9,559 3,579 3,583 12,375 13,142 6,451 1.1 General one-year scholarships (selected by the DAAD) 2,953 3,109 1,463 1,500 4,416 4,609 1,813 1.2 One-year scholarships “sur-place” and in “third countries” 1,482 1,669 1,482 1,669 742 1.3 Foreign government scholarships administered by the DAAD 1,125 1,488 410 223 1,535 1,711 905 1.4 Other regional and subject-specific one-year scholarships 2,651 2,760 328 350 2,979 3,110 1,245 1.5 One-semester scholarships 585 533 1,378 1,510 1,963 2,043 1,746 2. Short-term scholarships 1,490 1,759 1,224 1,225 2,714 2,984 2,581 3. Specialist and language courses 2,957 3,312 549 571 3,506 3,883 3,881 4. Student traineeships/internships/work placements 1,301 1,104 4,425 4,355 5,726 5,459 5,370 5. Group programmes 1,384 1,861 2,283 2,802 3,667 4,663 4,663 6. International study and exchange programmes (ISAP) 178 154 1,064 915 1,242 1,069 678 7. Other partnership and university programmes 7,177 5,598 2,120 2,181 9,297 7,779 7,502 8. Scholarship and guidance-counselling programmes (STIBET) 4,114 4,461 4,114 4,461 4,460 9. Other funding programmes 76 74 76 74 51 B Academics, scientists, artists, administrators 6,584 7,353 5,928 5,666 12,512 13,019 12,178 1. Lektors 545 555 545 555 162 2. Postdoc programmes 149 153 289 286 438 439 255 3. Long-term lectureships, visiting lectureships, professorships 143 142 90 111 233 253 153 4. Short-term lectureships 5 33 431 350 436 383 380 5. Bilateral exchange of academics and scientists 265 237 183 176 448 413 385 6. Exchange involving projects (PPP) 562 505 1,889 1,803 2,451 2,308 2,249 7. Other partnership and university programmes 3,726 4,324 2,002 1,931 5,728 6,255 6,241 8. Research and study visits, follow-up visits (re-invitation programme) 904 921 904 921 906 9. Artists-in Residence in Berlin programme 44 39 44 39 28 10. Information visits, in-service training 786 999 429 382 1,215 1,381 1,378 11. Other funding programmes 70 72 70 72 41 Total (A + B): Students, graduates, academics, scientists, artists, administrators 33,981 35,161 21,248 21,372 55,229 56,533 47,815

EU mobility grants 85 105 28,910 29,113 1. SOKRATES/ERASMUS 26,608 26,604 2. LEONARDO 85 105 2,302 2,509

Participants in DAAD support and follow-up contact measures 16,037 1. Scholarship holder meetings 2,076 2. Alumni meetings and follow-up contact events 13,961 28 The DAAD in 2007

from Turkey. For further details on the EU programmes, please refer to the chapter on “Western Europe” (starting on page 122 of the full Annual Report). This increase in the number of DAAD funding recipients can primarily be put down to the increase in funding provided by the AA for the new programmes described in the previous chapter. The slight increase in the number of German students funded by the BMBF in spite of the reduction in funding can be put down to reallocation of the funds in favour of shorter-term programmes or smaller grants, which also reflects an observable trend towards shorter stays abroad, and which will probably gain strength as German universities increasingly switch to offering Bachelor’s and Master’s courses. When it comes to the subject distribution of German DAAD funding recipients (excluding EU programmes), law, economics and the social sciences took a clear lead (at 28%). They were followed by modern languages and cultural studies (24%), which were ahead of mathematics and natural sciences (21%), which thus dropped one place down the list. The percentage accounted for by engineering rose slightly (from 15% to 16%). When it comes to the foreign DAAD funding recipients, law and economics took joint first place alongside engineering, each accounting for 22%, followed closely by modern languages and cultural studies (21%). Mathematics and natural sciences came in fourth at 19%. Within the individual programmes, however, the subject distribution varies con- siderably, as the charts in Chapter III of the full Annual Report clearly show. The proportion of women among DAAD funding recipients (excluding EU programmes) fell slightly to 40%. There are, however, substantial differences between the various target groups. For instance, the percentage of female students among German DAAD award holders was 40%, in comparison to 45% among foreign students with DAAD funding. The percentage of women among foreign graduates and postgraduates remained unchanged at 43%, whilst for Germans this figure dropped to 46%. The percentage of women among the scientists funded by the DAAD was 31% for foreign recipients and just 25% for Germans. These figures reflect the phenomenon of the sharp drop in the proportion of women with increasing levels of academic qualification. The slight drop in comparison to 2006 evidently corresponds to the change in the subject distribution among the funding recipients described above. Chart F illustrates the regional distribution of funding recipients by region of origin and destination. Disregarding the EU programmes, once again, the Central and Eastern Europe/CIS region is still in the lead, despite a drop from 37% to 32% (19,000) of the funding recipients. The region of Asia, Australia and Oceania remains in second place with 18%. The growth regions were North Africa/Middle East (rising from 6% to 8%), Sub-Saharan Africa (rising from 6% to 7%) and Western Europe (rising from 13% to 14%). Latin America accounted for 11% in 2007, while North America remained at 8% of the DAAD funding recipients. On taking a closer look, it becomes apparent that there is a considerable difference in the distribution of the figures for exchange students when looking at “incomings” 29

Chart F DAAD Funded Foreigners and Germans in 2007, by Home and Host Regions

Western Europe 2,808 Central/Eastern North America 4,907 14,325 Europe/CIS 1,561 5,084 3,034 North Africa/Middle East 3,369 976

Africa/Sub-Saharan 2,862 Africa Latin America 1,186 3,974 Asia/Australia/ 2,128 Oceania 6,262 4,057

Total 35,161 Foreigners 21,372 Germans

and “outgoings” and comparing foreigners with Germans in the various regions. There is still a prevailing tendency in academia to go west, in spite of all the efforts made to balance this trend. Table 3 (see page 31) divides the totals for the seven regions into the main DAAD programmes, differentiating between Germans (D) and foreigners (A) as 30 The DAAD in 2007

well as between students and (post)graduates on the one hand, and academics and researchers on the other hand. More detailed tables with figures for individual countries can be found in the regional chapters (Chapter IV of the full Annual Report), which also provide a detailed description and evaluation of how the individual regions of the world have developed. Finally, Table 5 (on page 95 of the full Annual Report) details those programmes which are primarily intended for universities (“institutional programmes”) and aim to promote internationalisation in research, teaching and study, in other words in areas where individual (personal) mobility is integrated into the institutional strategies of the individual universities.

8. Origin and Use of Funds

Table 4 (see page 33) shows the contributions made by the various sponsors and financial backers to the DAAD’s total budget in 2007 Ð with the figures for previous years included for comparison. In the year covered by this report, the total budget rose by €17.3 million in comparison to the previous year. This increase can primarily be attributed to an increase in the contributions made by the AA (€5.2 million), the BMZ (€1.3 million), the EU (€9 million) and other (third party) funding bodies (€3.1 million). The increase in funding from the AA is primarily due to an increase in the special funds from the internationalisation package “Education, Research and Development” (€2 million) as well as an increase of €1.6 million for investment funds in the administrative budget, which will be used to finance the IT project for the replacement of the current system for collecting applicant data (BDV), processing funding recipient data (SDV), establishing an alumni database and developing an SAP R3 application for managing grant agreements. The increase in funding from the BMZ is due to intensification of the existing programme lines. The boost in EU expenditures is a result of the new EU education and training programme, the “Lifelong Learning Programme”. As far as other sources of funding go, the considerable increase in scholarship programmes which are (co-)financed by foreign backers is once again noteworthy. The only funding cuts in the year covered by the report were in the backing provided by the BMBF (€1.2 million). The reason for this was primarily the marked drop in grants for the PROFIS and PHD programmes, which are coming to an end and which could not be completely compensated by increases in other programme lines. The total budget of €280.6 million disregards a number of financial contributions that contributed indirectly to the DAAD’s activities, but are not included in its budget, in particular the funds from the insurance office administrated at and by the DAAD in a fiduciary capacity (€2.1 million) and direct third party funding of the exchange programmes, including salaries paid by foreign universities for lecturers and Lektors placed by the DAAD, counter scholarships paid by foreign partners, co-financing arrangements (matching funds) in the exchange of 31

Table 3 Standard DAAD Programmes: Funding Recipients in 2007, by Region

D = Germans A = Foreigners Europe Western Central/Eastern Europe/CIS North America Latin America Africa/Sub- Saharan Africa North Africa and Middle East Asia, Australia and Oceania Sum total

A Students and graduates D 3,492 3,071 2,616 1,536 1,015 767 3,209 15,706 A 2,555 11,021 1,371 3,159 2,097 2,459 5,146 27,808 1. One-year and one-semester D 1,770 229 490 209 65 125 695 3,583 scholarships A 612 2,544 311 1,925 1,226 978 1,963 9,559 1.1 General one-year scholarships D 586 64 369 125 36 31 289 1,500 (selected by the DAAD) A 388 1,128 202 413 185 351 442 3,109 1.2 One-year scholarships “sur-place” D and in “third countries” A 500 158 724 85 202 1,669 1.3 Foreign government scholarships D 19 204 223 administrated by the DAAD A 106 501 416 465 1,488 1.4 Other regional and subject-specific D 105 46 2 42 7 55 93 350 one-year scholarships A 136 553 98 734 305 126 808 2,760 1.5 One-semester scholarships D 1,060 119 119 42 22 39 109 1,510 A 88 257 11 119 12 46 533 2. Short-term scholarships D 319 90 303 140 88 34 251 1,225 A 216 589 339 136 45 41 393 1,759 3. Specialist and language courses D 115 291 1 25 129 10 571 A 599 1,523 139 197 37 424 393 3,312 4. Student traineeships/internships/ D 453 253 796 801 581 186 1,285 4,355 work placements A 227 255 168 117 32 119 186 1,104 5. Group programmes D 608 602 467 161 176 231 557 2,802 A 333 997 32 83 124 79 213 1,861 6. International study and exchange D 26 526 158 26 20 159 915 programmes (ISAP) A 13 64 11 66 154 7. Other partnership and D 197 1,576 20 62 49 40 237 2,181 university programmes A 153 3,771 22 220 198 391 843 5,598 8. Scholarship and guidance- D counselling programmes (STIBET) A 415 1,329 360 417 424 427 1,089 4,461 9. Other funding programmes D 30 4 14 4 5 2 15 74 A B Academics, scientists, artists, D 1,415 2,013 418 592 171 209 848 5,666 administrators A 253 3,304 190 815 765 910 1,116 7,353 1. Lektors D 204 168 21 33 16 29 84 555 A 2. Postdoc programmes D 95 2 150 5 3 31 286 A 8 123 3 1 3 15 153 3. Long-term lectureships, visiting D 4 60 2 12 12 8 13 111 lectureships, professorships A 43 19 17 11 4 6 42 142 4. Short-term lectureships D 18 158 7 57 14 8 88 350 A 21 255 33 5. Bilateral exchange of academics D 58 43 15 60 176 and scientists A 10 53 80 5 23 66 237 6. Exchange involving projects (PPP) D 1,024 280 138 236 125 1,803 A 446 59 505 7. Other partnership and D 24 1,205 98 161 98 72 273 1,931 university programmes A 66 2,012 106 578 465 572 525 4,324 8. Research and study visits, follow-up D visits (re-invitation programme) A 110 328 36 98 68 112 169 921 9. Artists-in Residence D in Berlin programme A 8 14 54215 39 10. Information visits, D 28 51 39 27 74 163 382 in-service training A 8 288 23 42 215 188 235 999 11. Other funding programmes D 18 31 261311 72 A Total (A+B) Students, graduates, D 4,907 5,084 3,034 2,128 1,186 976 4,057 21,372 academics, scientists, artists, administrators A 2,808 14,325 1,561 3,974 2,862 3,369 6,262 35,161 Total number of foreigners and Germans D + A 7,715 19,409 4,595 6,102 4,048 4,345 10,319 56,533

EU mobility grants D 26,254 2,859 29,113 A4263 105 1. SOKRATES/ERASMUS D 23,958 2,646 26,604 A 2. LEONARDO D 2,296 213 2,509 A4263 105 32 The DAAD in 2007

academics and researchers, and project-related personal funding, tuition fee waivers etc. These third-party funds are estimated to have amounted to €39.8 million for 2007. The accounts also fail to reflect any of the indirect payments and services rendered by Germany’s universities and the federal states, which fund and are responsible for these institutions, without which the DAAD’s exchange programmes would be impossible. In fact, the financial contribution made by the universities and the states is comparable to that one made by the federal government, when the cost of (predominantly) tuition-fee free study places for foreign grant or scholarship recipients at German universities are taken into account, such as guidance, support and supervision provided by lecturers and academic staff, sabbaticals and leaves of absence for academics and researchers, the voluntary work done by the Selection Committee members, and the administrative assistance given by the university administrations Ð in particular by their international offices. As far as the “visible” budget of the DAAD is concerned, the lion’s share of the administrative costs and most programme expenditure is provided by the AA in its capacity as the DAAD’s institutional sponsor. Traditionally, these funds are primarily intended to fund foreigners on study and research visits to Germany (€73.1 million), projects and programmes in the field of academic and research cooperation, including the placement of German academics and researchers abroad (€14.2 million) and funding for Lektors placed on teaching assignments at universities abroad (€18.1 million). The DAAD also received special grants, for example for the Tsunami programme (€1.4 million) as well as renewed additional funding for the Stability Pact Programmes for South Eastern Europe (€1.6 million) and for Afghanistan (€1.8 million). The funds provided by the BMBF are primarily intended to support German students and (post)graduates abroad (€26.3 million), bilateral university lecturer exchange, and programmes to promote the “Project-related Exchange of Acade- mics” and “German Study Programmes Abroad” (€17.6 million), and for the marketing and information programme (€9.2 million). In addition to this, the BMBF also funded special programmes such as PROFIS (€3.6 million), the “International PhD Programme” (PHD) (€1.3 million) and the programme “Boosting Interna- tional Marketing for Germany as a Centre of Research” (“Verstärkung des Inter- nationalen Marketings für den Forschungsstandort Deutschland”), which received €1.2 million. The DAAD also runs a number of specific exchange and cooperation programmes on behalf of departments within the BMBF. The funds provided by the BMZ serve to promote young academics and researchers and to provide in-service training for experts and professionals from developing countries. Emphasis is placed on the “sur-place” third country scholarship programme, the postgraduate courses for professionals relating to developing countries offered at German universities, support for subject-specific university partnerships, the alumni programmes offered by German universities for their graduates from developing countries, as well as country-specific support for young academics and researchers run with advanced developing countries. 33

The DAAD’s third largest financial backer is the European Commission, especially as a result of the new EU Action programme “Lifelong Learning”, under which the COMENIUS, ERASMUS, LEONARDO and Grundtvig programmes will be continued, while being adapted to accommodate recent changes. The DAAD acts as the national agency for these programmes and distributes partial scholarships to German universities for German students and lecturers as well as funds for administrating mobility. The expenditure includes European Commission funds which the DAAD received via the Federal Institute for Vocational Training (Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung) for the LEONARDO programme, which is being phased out. The Ministry of Economics and Technology (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, BMWi) provides funding to the DAAD from special ERP funds (European Recovery Programme) to run a special programme aimed at promoting young economics and business administration students from Russia, Bulgaria, Romania, Kazakhstan, Ukraine and Belarus. In addition Ð also using ERP funds and funding from the KFW Banking Group (Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau) Ð the DAAD awards partial funding for individual German-American cooperation projects. Income listed under “others” is primarily from grant and scholarship programmes run by the following financial backers: the Open Society Institute (€1.0 million), Siemens AG (€0.3 million), foreign governments and universities (€6.9 million), the Dr. Mildred Scheel Foundation for Cancer Research (€0.6 million), the Helmholtz Association (€0.7 million), the Leibniz Association (€0.3 million), Roche Diagnostics (€0.2 million) and the Mummert Foundation (€0.4 million), as well as the DAAD’s own income and other minor sources of income such as membership fees.

Table 4 The DAAD Budget 1990 – 2007 by Financial Sources (in Million Euros)

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 AA 84.1 118.4 109.4 116.9 125.5 130.71 BMBF 26.4 38.4 54.4 64.9 64.1 62.9 BMZ 5.7 9.8 19.0 23.6 23.4 24.7 BMWi/ERP 2.0 0.6 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 Federal Institutes 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 Subtotal: Federal Government 118.3 167.3 184.4 207.0 214.5 219.7 Länder 1.3 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.4 EU2 – 12.0 18.4 30.0 34.6 43.6 Other sources 15.0 7.3 15.2 10.2 13.8 16.9 Total 134.6 187.3 218.8 247.8 263.3 280.6 1) including the DAAD’s administrative budget of €20.9 million (staff, materials and investments). 2) including BIBB. 34 The DAAD in 2007

Funds from the Donors’ Association for the Promotion of Science and Humanities in Germany (Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft) are used to provide individual support on an “one-off” basis and as funding for pilot projects for which government funding is not (yet) available, such as for the so-called “Emeriti Programme” and for establishing professorial chairs at the Tongji University in Shanghai or the “Top 10 International Master’s Degree Courses Made in Ger- many”-competition as well as for infrastructure-building assistance to strengthen the DAAD’s self-governing structures. The DAAD received a total of €1.3 million in funding from the Donors’Association in 2007.

9. The Work of the Decision-Making Bodies

The main tasks for the DAAD Executive Committee, Board of Trustees and General Assembly in 2007 included supporting, monitoring and being involved in the development of the strategic plans and new programme concepts. It also saw the election of a new President, Vice-President and Executive Committee. At its meeting on 24 May 2007, the Board of Trustees passed a shortlist of candidates which it submitted to the General Assembly, and the elections by the General Assembly followed on 26 June 2007. The new Executive Committee elected for 2008 Ð 2011 is:

DAAD President Professor Dr. Stefan Hormuth, U Gie§en

DAAD Vice-President Professor Dr. Max Huber, U Bonn

Nine university representatives experienced in international exchange Professor Dr. Ali Müfit Bahadir, TU Braunschweig Professor Dr. Gabriele Beibst, FH Jena Professor Dr. Johann W. Gerlach, FU Berlin Dr. Ursula Hans, HU Berlin Professor Dr. Sabine Kunst, U Potsdam Gudrun Matthies, TU Ilmenau Professor Dr. Eva Neuland, U Wuppertal Baldur Harry Veit, FH Reutlingen Professor Dr. Gerhart von Graevenitz, U Konstanz

Representative of The Donors’ Association for the Promotion of Science and Humanities in Germany (Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft) Dr. Andreas Schlüter (Secretary General) 35

Newly Published in 2007 36 The DAAD in 2007

At an official ceremony in Bonn on 11 December 2007 the DAAD bade farewell to Theodor Berchem (r.). He had been in office as President of the DAAD for 20 years. In smooth transition his successor Stefan Hormuth (l.) took office on 1 January 2008.

The German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier (l.) and The Vice-President of the DAAD, Max the Secretary Gener- Huber, German Minister for Education al of the DAAD and Research, Annette Schavan, and her Christian Bode (r.) on Egyptian counterpart, Prof. Dr. Hany Helal the occasion of the (r. to l.), at the Euro-Med Ministerial grant award ceremo- Conference in Cairo. At the conference, ny in Abuja (Nigeria) the DAAD and the Egyptian Ministry of on 2 August 2007. Education signed an agreement on a joint scholarship programme. 37

The President of Germany, Horst Köhler (l.) meets the President of the DAAD, Theodor Berchem (r.), in Ghana. Minister President Edmund Stoiber (r.) awards the President of the DAAD, Theodor Berchem (l.) with the Great Cross of Merit with Star of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Ger- many for his many years of dedicated service as the President of the DAAD on 3 September 2007.

The DAAD Executive Committee meets in Bonn on 13 November 2007 for the last time before Theodor Berchem (middle) steps down as President of the DAAD. 38 The DAAD in 2007

Meeting of the Heads of the DAAD’s regional offices in Berlin, 24 – 25 June 2007.

Signing an agreement on a third phase of cooperation for the CDHK at Tongji University (Shanghai) on 26 May 2007 (front l.: Vice-President of the DAAD Max Huber, the former President of Tongji University, who is now the Chinese Min- ister of Research, Prof. Dr. Wan Gang; back l.: German President Horst Köhler and his wife).

The Finnish specialist in German Studies Prof. Dr. Irma State Secretary Frieder Meyer-Krahmer (l.) and Secretary Hyvärinen being presented with the Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm General Christian Bode (r.) as part of a delegation to Canada Prize by Prof. Johann Gerlach, Member of the DAAD’s (27 – 29 September 2007). Executive Committee, on 16 June 2007. 39

From 11–13 Novem- ber 2007, 200 DAAD fellows of the DAAD funding programme for graduates of German schools abroad meet in Berlin and are wel- comed by German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Stein- meier (centre r.).

The German-Egyptian Year of Science officially draws to DAAD Secretary General Christian Bode (r.) receiving the a close in Berlin on 6 December 2007 (r. to l.: DAAD Vice- Cassandra Pyle Award from NAFSA, the North American President Max Huber, the German Minister for Education Association of International Educators, on 29 May 2007. This and Research, Annette Schavan, and the Egyptian Minister of prize is awarded in recognition of many years of outstanding Higher Education and Scientific Research, Prof. Dr. Hany Helal). personal service to international academic exchange (seen here being presented with the prize by Heidi Gregori-Gahan).

Theodor Berchem (centre) receiving an award from the President of Chula- longkorn University (Thailand), Prof. Khunying Suchada Kiranandana (centre l.) (27 – 28 November 2007). 40 The DAAD in 2007

Three Student representatives (2008 Ð 2009) Lisa Bicknell, U Mainz Johannes Dieter Glembek, U Trier Cheng Ni, U Stuttgart

The DAAD wishes to thank the former members of the Executive Committee for their dedicated service: Professor Dr. Barbara Ischinger (OECD Paris) Professor Dr. Dr. Werner Fischer (FH Karlsruhe) Professor Dr. Jutta Langenbacher-Liebgott (U Paderborn) Professor Dr. Klaus Niederdrenk (FH Münster) Professor Dr. Achim Mehlhorn (Dresden International University) Christine Scholz (FU Berlin) Roufaou Oumarou (RWTH Aachen).

Another major topic dealt with by the DAAD’s decision-making bodies was the debate about the plans to found German universities abroad. In addition to the German University in Cairo, which was opened in 2007 during a major alumni reunion and has already achieved considerable renown, there are now plans for three more such large-scale projects in Turkey, Pakistan and Vietnam. The DAAD Executive Commit- tee discussed a number of models and rendered expert advice on the development of the DAAD into a centre of competence for the foundation of universities abroad. The TestAS, an aptitude test for foreign students, has been funded by the BMBF. It has been developed for the DAAD by ITB Consulting and the TestDaF Institute since 2005, was first trialled at TestDaF test centres in a number of countries in February 2007 and proved a great success. Following this success, the Executive Committee gave the go-ahead for the further development of the TestAS test, which can now be taken worldwide. The Executive Committee also looked at the results and conclusions of major evaluation projects in 2007. The results of the “Scholarships for Germans” (“Stipendien für Deutsche”) evaluation, carried out by the Association for Empiri- cal Studies (Gesellschaft für Empirische Studien) in Kassel, were very pleasing overall. The DAAD is successful at recruiting outstanding young German academics to participate in its individual programmes Ð for the individual recipients the support from the DAAD is not only important from a subject-specific and socio- cultural point of view, but is also very beneficial to them in launching their careers. The results of the study are accompanied by a number of recommendations on the way forward for the programmes, which were discussed by the Executive Commit- tee. The next evaluation of the DAAD’s programmes plans to look at the topic of “Promotion of German Studies and the German Language Abroad”. The Executive Committee agreed on the questions that this evaluation will address and decided on who will serve on the steering committee. For the first time, the Executive Committee appointed two foreign members to the “German Studies Advisory Board” (Beirat Germanistik): Prof. Peter Colliander 41

(DaF, Copenhagen Business School) and Prof. Martine Dalmas (Linguistics, Paris Sorbonne University). Prof. Christian Fandrych (DaF, University of Leipzig) was appointed as the new German member of the Advisory Board. The term of office on the Advisory Board is 2008 Ð 2011. At the Executive Committee’s meeting in November the main topic was the new programmes proposed by the DAAD to the AA, the BMBF and the BMZ. Several of the proposed programmes, such as the African programme “Elite Leadership for Africa” (“Führungseliten für Afrika”) as well as increased academic exchange with India under the heading “A New Passage to India” have already been approved by the ministries, while others are still awaiting ministerial approval. As part of the increased efforts by government departments to boost the internationalisation of the German research landscape, the DAAD Executive Committee discussed a statement on the BMBF internationalisation initiative. Several of its recommendations have already fed through into the latest version of “Strengthen- ing Germany’s Role in the Global Knowledge Society” (“Deutschlands Rolle in der globalen Wissensgesellschaft stärken”), which was passed recently. Finally, 2007 once again saw the members of the Executive Committee take part in seminars and attend trade fairs to support the DAAD’s and GATE- Germany’s activities around the world.

10.The DAAD Head Office

The DAAD’s German Head Office in Bonn is the home and registered office of the executive management, where the majority of its staff work, and the hub for all of its national and international activities. The DAAD also maintains an office in the German capital Berlin. The Berlin office is located in the Wissenschaftsforum on the Gendarmenmarkt, where the “Artists-in-Residence Programme”, which has been running successfully for more than 30 years, is also based. The 14 Regional Offices around the world maintain contacts with the key partner countries and are responsible for ensuring that the programmes are run efficiently and that support and advice are delivered at local level. The DAAD Regional Offices are located in London, New Delhi, Cairo, Paris, New York, Rio de Janeiro, Nairobi, Tokyo, Jakarta, Moscow, Beijing, Warsaw, Mexico City, and Hanoi (listed in the order of their year of establishment). This network of Regional Offices is augmented by some 48 Information Centres (see chart C on page 19), which typically have a Lektor and a local employee to provide advice and do marketing and programme work. A new office was also opened in Brussels to support the strongly growing contact with the European Commission and other European organisations based in Brussels. In addition, the DAAD also operates the Maison Heinrich Heine in Paris, a German hall of residence at the Cité Universitaire with an extensive cultural programme, which recently celebrated its 50th anniversary. The Maison Heinrich Heine is administratively affiliated (staff and budget) to the DAAD. 42 The DAAD in 2007

At the end of 2007, the number of permanent, project and external staff in Germany and abroad was approximately 600 altogether, 495 of whom were based at its Head Office in Bonn, 12.5 at the Berlin Office, and the remaining 92.5 at the DAAD Regional Offices world-wide and at the Maison Heinrich Heine in Paris. The DAAD also had 16 trainees, 105 interns and 73 temporary staff, who were employed for specific short-term tasks. The year covered by this report also saw parliament cut another 2.15% of the permanent positions (partly to “compensate” for the longer weekly working hours). It was also necessary to make further cuts to compensate for the increase in wage costs resulting from the collective employment and service agreements. On the other hand, new programmes funded with third-party funds made it possible to establish about thirteen and a half (13.4) new project positions. The percentage accounted for by administrative costs fell slightly (relative to previous years) to 10.9% of the total expenditure. On the one hand, this calculation considers all contributions to administrative costs made by third party funding bodies while, on the other, it also takes into account the costs paid by partners in joint programmes that are not included in the DAAD budget (so-called adjusted share of administrative costs). The institutional administrative budget provided by the AA has remained practically frozen for the past eight years. Approximately half of the staff are now funded from project and external funds and most are employed on short-term contracts. On the one hand, this is an indication of the great creativity and flexibility which, time and time again, leads to new programmes being developed and new sponsors being found, but on the other hand it is also a sign of a departure from former “institutional” funding models, a development that also poses a whole range of serious challenges for the DAAD management. The main topical focus of the DAAD’s staff association, which consists of eleven employees (the chairman of the staff association is the only member who is released from all other responsibilities), continued to be on the new public service employment pay scale (“Tarifvertrag für den Öffentlichen Dienst”), which was intro- duced in October 2005 and its implications, including the issue of performance- related pay. This caused considerable changes to the work done by the DAAD’s staff and no insignificant amount of work for the staff association and for the Chief Executive. On this topic, an internal agreement was reached regarding the introduction of an evaluation scheme and annual employee review meetings. The staff association also dealt with a number of other issues such as the involvement in organisational restructuring, job descriptions and evaluations of new and amended posts, combining work and family life, equal opportunities, health and safety and ergonomics in the workplace, training and development of staff and trainees, cooperation with the representatives for disabled employees as well as with the IT department on the introduction of online application and processing using SAP, which will lead to an evaluation of all of the procedures at the Head Office. 43

Appendix 44 Appendix

Members of the Executive Committee Term of Office 2004 – 2007

President: Professor Dr. Theodor Berchem

Vice-President: Professor Dr. Max G. Huber

University representatives: Professor Dr. Gabriele Beibst Professor Dr. Dr. Werner Fischer Professor Dr. Johann W. Gerlach Professor Dr. Barbara Ischinger Professor Dr. Jutta Langenbacher-Liebgott Gudrun Matthies Professor Dr. Achim Mehlhorn Professor Dr. Klaus Niederdrenk Baldur Harry Veit

Representative of The Donors’Association for the Promotion of Science and Humanities in Germany (Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft): Dr. Andreas Schlüter

Student representatives: Johannes Dieter Glembek Roufaou Oumarou Christine Scholz

Guest members: Professor Dr. Margret Wintermantel, President of the German Rectors’ Conference (Hochschulrektorenkonferenz)

Professor Dr. Jutta Limbach, President of the Goethe-Institute

Professor Dr. Erich Thies, Secretary General of the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Länder of the Federal Republic of Germany (Ständige Konferenz der Kultusminister der Länder (in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland))

Professor Dr. Wolfgang Frühwald, President of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

Ministerial Director Wilfried Grolig (until October 2007), Ministerial Director Martin Kobler (from November 2007), Federal Foreign Office (Auswärtiges Amt)

Ministerial Director Dr. Christian Uhlhorn, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung) Members 45

Ministerial Director Hans-Dietrich Lehmann, Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung)

Members of the Board of Trustees Term of Office 2004 – 2007

President: Professor Dr. Theodor Berchem

Vice-President: Professor Dr. Max G. Huber

Federal Ministry representatives: Ministerial Director Wilfried Grolig, Federal Foreign Office (Auswärtiges Amt)

Ministerial Director Dr. Christian Uhlhorn, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung)

Ministerial Director Hans-Dietrich Lehmann, Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung)

Ministerialrat Michael Tietmann, Federal Commissioner for Culture and Media (Der Beauftragte des Bundes für Kultur und Medien)

Ministerialrat Arnold Wallraff, Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit)

Regierungsdirektor Dr. Peter Pompe, Federal Ministry of Health and Social Security (Bundesministerium für Gesundheit und soziale Sicherung)

Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Länder of the Federal Republic of Germany (Ständige Konferenz der Kultusminister der Länder (in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland), KMK) Professor Dr. Erich Thies, Secretary General of the KMK

Ministerialrat Christian Börger, State Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony (Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur)

Ministerialrat Leo Pfennig, Bavarian State Ministry of Sciences, Research and the Arts (Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Unterricht, Kultus, Wissenschaft und Kunst) 46 Appendix

German Rectors’ Conference (Hochschulrektorenkonferenz): Professor Dr. Margret Wintermantel, President of the German Rectors’ Conference (Hochschulrektorenkonferenz)

Professor Dr. Rupert Huth, Altrektor of the Pforzheim Business School, Vice-President of the German Rectors’ Conference (Hochschulrektorenkonferenz)

Professor Dr. Klaus Ring, The Reading Foundation (Stiftung Lesen)

Professor Dr. h. c. Ronald Mönch, University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg (FH)

Professor Dr. Cornelius Weiss, Member of the Saxon State Parliament (Sächsischer Landtag)

Elected members: Professor Dr. Peter Fischer-Appelt, Former President of the University of Hamburg

Professor Dr. Klaus Landfried, Former President of the German Rectors’ Conference (Hochschulrektorenkonferenz)

Student representatives: Eleni Andrianopulu, University of Leipzig

Cheng Ni, RWTH Aachen University of Technology

Colin Tück, RWTH Aachen University of Technology Members 47

Institutions: Professor Dr. Wolfgang Frühwald, President of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

Dr. Reinhard Grunwald, Secretary General of the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft)

Professor Dr. Bernhard Kempen, President of the German Association of University Professors and Lecturers (Deutscher Hochschulverband)

Achim Meyer auf der Heyde, Secretary General of the German Association of Students’ Unions (Deutsches Studentenwerk)

Professor Dr. Klaus Hüfner, German UNESCO Commission

Dr. Volker Meyer-Guckel, Deputy Secretary General of the Donors’Association for the Promotion of Science and Humanities in Germany (Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft)

Dr. Jörg Debelius, Attorney-at-Law, Chief Executive Officer of the German Federation of Technology and Science Societies (Deutscher Verband Technisch-Wissenschaftlicher Vereine)

Dr. Gerhard Teufel, Secretary General of the German National Academic Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes)

Dr. Hans-Georg Knopp, Secretary General of the Goethe-Institute 48 Appendix

List of Selected Publications*

About the DAAD and its work The DAAD Annual Report (German, English (summary))

Reports from the DAAD’s Regional Offices

Change by Exchange (a profile of the DAAD) (German, English)

Change by Exchange (flyer) (German, English, French, Spanish, Russian and Polish)

“Spuren in die Zukunft” The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) 1925Ð2000 (3 volumes published to mark the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the founding of the DAAD, available from the DAAD, Press and Public Relations. Order No. G38384)

“Von Grüblern und Frühaufstehern. Aus(sen)sichten der DAAD-Wahlbeobachter im September 2005 Ð Ein Lesebuch” (Of Thinkers and Early Risers. Views of a DAAD Electoral Observer in September 2005 Ð A Reader)

20 Years of “Change by Exchange”. Festschrift for Professor Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Theodor Berchem President of the DAAD 1988-2007. 2007 (ISBN 978-3-87192-862-2)

Teaching aids “Wissenschaft weltoffen”. Facts and Figures on the International Nature of Studies and Research in Germany. 2007 (ISBN 978-3-7639-0450-1, order No. 70.04.002f, available from bookshops or directly from Bertelsmann Publishing, Bielefeld, Germany)

Information on programmes and funding opportunities “Studium, Forschung, Lehre im Ausland. Förderungsmöglichkeiten für Deutsche” (Studying, Researching and Teaching Abroad. Funding Opportunities for Germans (available from university international offices))

“Studium und Forschung in Deutschland. Förderungsmöglichkeiten für ausländische Hochschul- angehörige” (Study and Research in Germany. Funding Opportunities for International Students and University Staff (German, English))

“Als Lektor ins Ausland. Das Lektorenprogramm des DAAD Ð Zielsetzung und Verfahren” (Being a Lektor Abroad. The DAAD’s Lektor Programme Ð Objectives and Procedures) Selected Publications 49

Information on studying for Germans “Allgemeine Hinweise zum Auslandsstudium und zur Anerkennung im Ausland erbrachter Studienleistungen” (General Advice on Studying Abroad and on the Recognition of Credits Earned)

“Directory of Bookmarks – Internet. Studieren und forschen im Ausland. Ausgewählte WWW- Adressen” (Directory of Internet Bookmarks. Study and Research Abroad. A collection of Web- sites about Study and Research, Education and Academia Worldwide)

“Wege ins Auslandspraktikum” (Ways to an Internship Abroad)

Information on studying for foreigners “Ziel Deutschland – Wegweiser für internationale Studierende” (Destination Germany Ð A pocket Guide for International Students (German, English))

“Sommerkurse in Deutschland” (Summer Schools in Germany (CD-ROM with booklet; German and English))

“Studieren in Deutschland. Ein Leitfaden für internationale Studierende” (Studying in Germany. A Pocket Guide for International Students (German and English))

“Studieren und forschen in Deutschland. Kommentierte WWW-Links” (Study and Research in Germany. Annotated Weblinks (various languages))

International Degree Programmes in Germany (International Bachelor Programmes in Germany (1) Ð International Master Programmes in Germany (2) Ð International Doctoral Programmes in Germany (3) (publication available as three individual brochures))

* A complete list of DAAD publications is available from the German Academic Exchange Service information centre. 50 Appendix

Addresses in Germany and Abroad

Head Office Bonn-Bad Godesberg Jakarta Office (since 1990) German Academic Exchange Service German Academic Exchange Service Kennedyallee 50, D-53175 Bonn, Germany Jl. Jend. Sudirman, Kav. 61Ð62 PO Box 20 04 04, D-53134 Bonn, Germany Summitmas I, Lt. 19 Tel.: +49 (0) 2 28 8 82-0 Jakarta 12190, Indonesia Fax: +49 (0) 2 28) 8 82-4 44 Tel.: (00 62 21) 5 20 08 70, 5 25 28 07 e-mail: [email protected] Fax:(006221) 5252822 Website: http://www.daad.de/en/ e-mail: [email protected] Website: http://jakarta.daad.de DAAD Berlin Office German Academic Exchange Service Cairo Office (since 1960) Markgrafenstr. 37, D-10117 Berlin, Germany German Academic Exchange Service PO Box 240, D-10106 Berlin, Germany 11 Sharia Saleh Ayoub Tel.: +49 (0) 30 20 22 08-0 Cairo-Zamalek, Egypt Fax: +49 (0) 30 2 0412 67 Tel.: (00 20-2) 7 35 27 26 e-mail: [email protected] Mobile: (00 20) 1217162 98 e-mail: [email protected] Fax: (00 20-2) 7 38 4136 Website: http://www.daad-berlin.de e-mail: [email protected] Website: Website: http://cairo.daad.de http://www.berliner-kuenstlerprogramm.de London Office (since 1952) Brussels Office German Academic Exchange Service Office Alemand d’Echanges Universitaires 34, Belgrave Square Av. des Arts 10/11 London, SW1X 8QB, United Kingdom 1210 Brussels Tel.: (00 44 20) 72 3517 36 Belgium Fax: (00 44 20) 72 35 96 02 Tel.: (00 32-2) 2 29 0168 e-mail: [email protected] Fax: (00 32-2) 2 29 3162 Website: http://london.daad.de e-mail: [email protected] Mexico Office (since 2000) Hanoi Office (since 2003) Servicio Alemán de Intercambio Académico German Academic Exchange Service Calle Kepler 157 The Vietnamese-German Centre Col. Nueva Anzures at the Technical University of Hanoi Del. Miguel Hidalgo Trung Tam Viet Duc DH Bach Khoa C.P. 11590, Ciudad de México 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam Tel.: (00 52 55) 52 5018 83 Tel.: (0 08 44) 8 68 37 73, 8 68 37 81 Fax: (00 52 55) 52 5018 04 Fax: (0 08 44) 8 68 37 72 e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Website: http://daadmx.org Website: http://www.daadvn.org Moscow Office (since 1993) German Academic Exchange Service Leninskij Prospekt, 95a 119313 Moscow, Russian Federation Tel.: (00 74 95) 132 24 29 and 132 2311 Fax: (00 74 95) 132 49 88 e-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.daad.ru Addresses in Germany and Abroad 51

Nairobi Office (since 1973) Paris Office (since 1963) German Academic Exchange Service Office Allemand d’Echanges Universitaires Regional Office for Africa 24, rue Marbeau Visitor address 75116 Paris, France Madison Insurance House, 3rd floor Tel.: (0 03 31) 4417 02 30 Upper Hill Road Fax: (0 03 31) 44 17 02 31 (off Ngong Road-Community) e-mail: [email protected] Postal address Website: http://paris.daad.de P.O. Box 14050, Nairobi (Westlands 00800) Kenya Beijing Office (since 1994) Tel.: (0 02 54-20) 2 72 26 60 German Academic Exchange Service Fax: (0 02 54-20) 2 716710 Unit 1718, Landmark Tower 2 e-mail: [email protected] 8 North Dongsanhuan Road Website: http://nairobi.daad.de Chaoyang District 100 004 Beijing, PR China New Delhi Office (since 1960) Tel.: (00 8610) 65 90-66 56, -66 76 German Academic Exchange Service Fax: (00 8610) 65 90-63 93 Regional Office e-mail: [email protected] Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka Website: http://www.daad.org.cn 72 Lodhi Estate New Delhi 110003, India Rio de Janeiro Office (since 1972) Tel.: (00 9111) 24 6150 09 und 24 615148 Serviço Alemão de Intercâmbio Acadêmico Fax: (00 9111) 24 69 0919 Rua Presidente Carlos de Campos, 417 e-mail: [email protected] 22231-080 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Website: http://newdelhi.daad.de Tel.: (00 55 21) 25 53 32 96 Fax: (00 55 21) 25 53 92 61 German Centre for Research and e-mail: [email protected] Higher Education Website: http://rio.daad.de German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) 2, Nyaya Marg, Chanakyapuri Tokyo Office (since 1978) New Delhi 110021, India German Academic Exchange Service Tel.: (00 9111) 24 6150 09 and 24 615148 Akasaka 7-5-56, Minato-ku Fax: (00 9111) 21 68 03 29 Tokyo 107-0052, Japan e-mail: [email protected] Tel.: (0 0813) 35 82 59 62 Website: http://newdelhi.daad.de Fax: (0 0813) 35 82 55 54 e-mail: [email protected] New York Office (since 1971) Website: http://tokyo.daad.de German Academic Exchange Service 871 United Nations Plaza Warsaw Office (since 1997) New York, NY10017, USA Niemiecka Centrala Wymiany Akademickiej Tel.: (001212) 7 58 32 23 Przedstawicielstwo w Warszawie Fax:(001212) 7555780 ul. Czeska 24 e-mail: [email protected] 03-902 Warszawa, Poland Website: http://www.daad.org Tel.: (00 48 22) 617 48 47 and 61613 08 Fax: (00 48 22) 6 1612 96 e-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.daad.pl 52 Appendix

Organisation Chart of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) (as per 1st of November 2007)

President Prof. Dr. Theodor Berchem 216

Vice-President Prof. Dr. Max G. Huber 103

Secretary General 011 Berlin Office/ Artists-in-Residence-Programme (BKP) Dr. Christian Bode 215 Dr. Annette Julius Deputies: Daniel Zimmermann (Education/Research) Dr. Friedrich Meschede Deputy Secretary General (Artists-in-Residence Programme) Dr. Wilfried Bergmann/ Dr. Dorothea Rüland 013 Paris Office Dr. Klaudia Knabel

014 London Office Antje Schlamm General Assembly 015 New York Office Ulrich Grothus

Board of Trustees 016 Rio de Janeiro Office Dr. Gabriele Althoff

017 Cairo Office Executive Committee Dr. Christian Hülshörster

018 Nairobi Office Selection Committees Gabriele von Fircks 019 New Delhi Office Ulrich Podewils

020 Tokyo Office Dr. Irene Jansen

021 Mexico Office Dr. Arnold Spitta

001 Office of the Executive Committee and 022 Jakarta Office Senior Management Ilona Krüger-Rechmann Dr. Dorothea Jecht 581 002 Press and Public Relations, 023 Moscow Office Internal Communication Dr. Thomas Prahl Francis Hugenroth 454 024 Beijing Office 003 Internal Auditing Stefan Hase-Bergen Jürgen Stricker 705 025 Warsaw Office Dr. Randolf Oberschmidt

Works Council 026 Hanoi Office Chair: Christa Sülzen 426 Dr. Heinz L. Nastansky

040 Maison Heinrich Heine, Paris Dr. Christiane Deussen

Please note: 3-digit numbers in italics denote the telephone extension numbers Organisation Chart

1 Central Services Department 2 Supraregional Programmes Department (Including Institutional Affairs for the Dr. Dorothea Rüland 385 Regional Offices) Dr. Wilfried Bergmann 558

11 Financial and Legal Affairs Division 21 Strategy and Cross-Sectional Programmes Division Rudolf Boden 200 Dr. Sebastian Fohrbeck 480

111 Insurance Office 211 Policy Planning and Coordination Marina Palm 294 Dr. Andreas Hoeschen 491

112 Legal Affairs, Archive 212 Evaluation, Statistics Anke Geburzyk 306 Dr. Helmut Buchholt 434

113 Budget and Finance 213 Events, Visitor Programmes Rudolf Boden 200 Dr. Georg Krawietz 245

114 Cash Desk and Accounting 214 Student Support Services Wolfgang Gartzke 247 Birgit Roser 573

215 International DAAD-Academy Dr. Kristijan Domiter 707

12 Personnel, Organisation, IT, 22 Internationalisation of Higher Education Division Technical Services Division Dr. Christian Thimme 217 Jürgen Henrich 307

121 Personnel Management 221 Internationalisation of Studies and Teaching Nicole Friegel 258 Christiane Schmeken 658

122 Organisation, General Administration, 222 Internationalisation of Research Internal Services Dr. Birgit Klüsener 339 Tibet Ömürbek 126 123 Information Technology (IT) 223 Study Programmes Abroad Rainer Nieschalk 254 (Offshore Programmes) Dr. Jürgen Werner 643 124 Technical Services 224 Language and Academic Courses, Peter Maslanka 223 Information Visits Kirsten Habbich/Birgit Siebe-Herbig 206/168 225 International Work Placements, Carlo Schmid-Programme Günter Müller-Graetschel 266

23 Communications and Marketing Division Christian Müller 388

Secretariat of the Joint Initiative, 231 Policy Planning and Coordination Office of GATE-Germany Christian Müller 388 Christian Müller 388 232 Promotion of Study and Research in Germany, Internet Alexander Haridi 648 233 Information about Study and Research Abroad, Publications Klaus-Dieter Habbich 571 234 International Events/Fairs/Exhibitions for Higher Education Institutions N.N. 674 235 Information and Consulting, DAAD-Information Centres Worldwide, Info-Centre Bonn Maria Kleespies 582 3 Northern Hemisphere Department 4 Southern Hemisphere Department Dr. Annette Julius 346 Dr. Helmut Blumbach 357

31 Western Europe, North America Division 41 Africa, Latin America, Middle East Division Dr. Martina Schulze 263 Dr. Anette Pieper de Avila 318

401 Cultural Dialogue with the Islamic World and Special Tasks Dr. Anette Pieper de Avila 318

301 Coordination Office Lektors and Lecturers 412 Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, North Africa, on Placements Abroad Palestinian Territories, Syria, Yemen Elisabeth Schüßler 352 Dr. Renate Dieterich 204 311 German Studies and German Language Abroad, 413 Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa TestDaF, Lecturers Support Service Dr. Roland Weiß 686 Dr. Werner Roggausch 358 312 France, Benelux Countries 414 Latin America (North) Susanne Lüdtke 469 Dr. Eckhard Schmidt 479

313 United Kingdom, Ireland, Northern Europe 415 Latin America (South) Dr. Gisela Schneider 225 Wolfgang Gairing 202

314 Southern Europe (Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Spain), Austria, Switzerland Christine Arndt 252 315 USA, Canada Dr. Christian Schäfer 219

32 Eastern Europe/CIS/Turkey Division 42 Asia, Australia, Gulf Region, New Zealand, Dr. Gregor Berghorn 314 Oceania Division Dr. Nina Lemmens 288

321 Cross-Border Programmes for Central Europe, CIS, Turkey; 421 Subject Related Programmes Scholarship Programmes for Graduates from German Schools Abroad Dr. Joachim Schneider 331 Dr. Ulrich Lins 389 322 Moldova, Romania, Turkey, Ukraine, 422 South and South East Asia Herder Programme Hannelore Bossmann 390 Dr. Peter Hiller 367 323 Baltic States, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, 423 China, Mongolia “Go East” Programme Dr. Klaus Birk 342 Hans Golombek 284 324 Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Macedonia, 424 Japan, Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Oceania Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe Dr. Ursula Toyka-Fuong 334 Nina Salden 453 325 Russian Federation, Belarus 425 Afghanistan, Gulf States, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan Dr. Holger Finken 405 Christiane Schlottmann 685

326 Caucasus, Central Asia Benedikt Brisch 205

33 National Agency for EU Higher Education Cooperation 43 Development Cooperation, Dr. Siegbert Wuttig 349 Alumni and Partnership Division Dr. Hanns Sylvester 600

330 Bologna Process 431 Postgraduate Degree Courses for Professionals Marina Steinmann 111 Anke Stahl 127

331 ERASMUS, Mobility, FMS 432 Alumni and Partnership Programmes Dr. Bettina Morhard 556 Cay Etzold 471

332 ERASMUS University-Enterprise Cooperation, Intensive 433 Consultancy Projects and Higher Education Programmes, ERASMUS MUNDUS, Europass Management (DIES) Dr. Alexandra Angress 257 Christoph Hansert 533 333 TEMPUS/EU-Third Country Cooperations Angelika Sachsenröder 520 DAAD-Freundeskreis Manager: Dr. Markus Motz 583

012 Brussels Office Organisation Chart 53

DAAD Head Office PO Box 20 04 04, D-53134 Bonn Kennedyallee 50, D-53175 Bonn Germany Tel.: +49 (0) 228/882-0 Fax: +49 (0) 228/882-444 e-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.daad.de

DAAD Berlin Office/ Artists-in-Residence-Programme Markgrafenstr. 37, D-10117 Berlin Germany Tel.: +49 (0) 30/20 22 08-0 Fax: +49 (0) 30/2 04 12 67 e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Internet: http://www.daad-berlin.de http://www.berliner-kuenstlerprogramm.de

Information Centre Information for Germans going abroad: Tel.: +49 (0) 228/882-441, -122 e-mail: [email protected]

Information for foreigners coming to Germany: Tel.: +49 (0) 228/882-703, -700 e-mail: [email protected]

Donations Account Dresdner Bank Kto.-Nr. (account no.): 0208 518 500 BLZ (bank code): 370 800 40 The DAAD in 2007