Appendix 3 RULERS OF THE “CROWN OF ARAGON,” 1050–1300

Kingdom of Aragon County of Barcelona

Ramiro I (1035–1063)1 Ramon Berenguer I “the Old” (1036–1076)2

Sancho I Ramírez (1063–1094) Ramon Berenguer II (1076–1082) Pedro I (1094–1104)3 Berenguer Ramon II “the Fratricide” (1082–1097) Alfonso I “the Battler” (1104–1134)4 Ramon Berenguer III (1097–1131)

Ramiro II “the Monk” (1134–1137)

Petronila Ramon Berenguer IV (1131–1162)5 Crown of Aragon

Alfons I/Alfonso II “the Troubadour” (1162–1196)6

Pere I/Pedro II “the Catholic” (1196–1213)7

Jaume I/Jaime I “the Conqueror” (1213–1276)8

Pere II/Pedro III “the Great” (1276–1285)9

Alfons II/Alfonso III “the Liberal” (1285–1291)10 Jaume II/Jaime II “the Just” (1291–1327)

1 First King of Aragon; son of Sancho III Garces,´ King of Navarre. 2 Descendant of Guifre´ “the Hairy,” vassal of Charlemagne in the Marcae Hispaniae. 3 Conquered Huesca and Barbastro. 4 Conquered Zaragoza, Cinco Villas, Jalon,´ Jiloca, and middle and upper Ebro valleys. Incursion to Granada. 5 With betrothal to Petronila in 1137 united Barcelona and Aragon. Conquered Lleida and Tortosa. Recovered territory from resurgent Almohads. Established Barcelona over rival counties. 6 First Count-King of Barcelona-Aragon, and Count of Provence. Recovered territory from Almohads. 7 Routed Almohads at Las Navas de Tolosa (1212). Killed at Muret in battle against Simon de Montfort; Aragonese influence in Languedoc, Roussillon and Provence declines as a result. 8 Count of Montpellier, King of Mallorca (from 1232) and of Valencia (from 1238), subdued Menorca and Denia. By treaty of Corbeil (1258) annulled vassalage of Catalan counties to the French Crown. At his death Mallorca and Perpignan passed to younger son, Jaume II of Mallorca. 9 Subdued Valencia, conquered Sardinia, annexed Sicily; war with Mallorca, France, and Papacy. 10 Annexed Menorca, faced Uniones;war with Castile, Mallorca, France, and Papacy. 411