The Body in Space Dimensions of Embodiment
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The Mirror-Neuron Paradox: How Far Is Sympathy from Compassion, Indulgence, and Adulation?
Munich Personal RePEc Archive The Mirror-Neuron Paradox: How Far is Sympathy from Compassion, Indulgence, and Adulation? Khalil, Elias Monash University 11 June 2007 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3599/ MPRA Paper No. 3599, posted 17 Jun 2007 UTC The Mirror-Neuron Paradox: How Far is Sympathy from Compassion, Indulgence, and Adulation? Elias L. Khalil1 ABSTRACT The mirror-neuron system (MNS) becomes instigated when the spectator empathizes with the principal’s intention. MNS also involves imitation, where empathy is irrelevant. While the former may attenuate the principal’s emotion, the latter paradoxically reinforces it. This paper proposes a solution of the contradictory attenuation/reinforcement functions of fellow-feeling by distinguishing two axes: “rationality axis” concerns whether the action is efficient or suboptimal; “intentionality axis” concerns whether the intention is “wellbeing” or “evil.” The solution shows how group solidarity differs from altruism and fairness; how revulsion differs from squeamishness; how malevolence differs from selfishness; and how racial hatred differs from racial segregation. Keywords: Adam Smith; David Hume; Fellow-Feeling; Desire; Paris Hilton; Crankcase Oil Problem; Comprehension; Understanding (empathy or theory of mind); Imitation; Status Inequality; Elitism; Authority; Pity: Obsequiousness; Racial Segregation; Racial Hatred; Rationality Axis; Intentionality Axis; Propriety; Impropriety; Revulsion; Social Preferences; Altruism; Assabiya (group solidarity); Fairness; Schadenfreude (envy/spite/malevolence/evil); Vengeance JEL Code: D01; D64 1 [email protected] Department of Economics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. The paper was supported by the Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research (Altenberg, Austria). During my stay at the Konrad Lorenz Institute, I benefited greatly from the very generous comments and extensive conversations with Riccardo Draghi- Lorenz. -
George Lakoff and Mark Johnsen (2003) Metaphors We Live By
George Lakoff and Mark Johnsen (2003) Metaphors we live by. London: The university of Chicago press. Noter om layout: - Sidetall øverst - Et par figurer slettet - Referanser til slutt Innholdsfortegnelse i Word: George Lakoff and Mark Johnsen (2003) Metaphors we live by. London: The university of Chicago press. ......................................................................................................................1 Noter om layout:...................................................................................................................1 Innholdsfortegnelse i Word:.................................................................................................1 Contents................................................................................................................................4 Acknowledgments................................................................................................................6 1. Concepts We Live By .....................................................................................................8 2. The Systematicity of Metaphorical Concepts ...............................................................11 3. Metaphorical Systematicity: Highlighting and Hiding.................................................13 4. Orientational Metaphors.................................................................................................16 5. Metaphor and Cultural Coherence .................................................................................21 6 Ontological -
Broken Mirrors: a Theory of Autism
62 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN NOVEMBER 2006 COPYRIGHT 2006 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC. SPECIAL SECTION: NEUROSCIENCE BROKEN A THEORY MIRRORS OF AUTISM Studies of the mirror neuron system may reveal clues to the causes of autism and help researchers develop new ways to diagnose and treat the disorder By Vilayanur S. Ramachandran and Lindsay M. Oberman t first glance you might not no- order, which afflicts about 0.5 percent of tice anything odd on meeting a American children. Neither researcher young boy with autism. But if had any knowledge of the other’s work, you try to talk to him, it will and yet by an uncanny coincidence each ) quickly become obvious that gave the syndrome the same name: autism, A something is seriously wrong. He may not which derives from the Greek word autos, make eye contact with you; instead he may meaning “self.” The name is apt, because avoid your gaze and fidget, rock his body the most conspicuous feature of the disor- photoillustration to and fro, or bang his head against the der is a withdrawal from social interac- wall. More disconcerting, he may not be tion. More recently, doctors have adopted able to conduct anything remotely resem- the term “autism spectrum disorder” to bling a normal conversation. Even though make it clear that the illness has many re- he can experience emotions such as fear, lated variants that range widely in severity ); JEN CHRISTIANSEN ( rage and pleasure, he may lack genuine but share some characteristic symptoms. empathy for other people and be oblivious Ever since autism was identified, re- to subtle social cues that most children searchers have struggled to determine photograph would pick up effortlessly. -
Advances in the Study of Behavior, Volume 31.Pdf
Advances in THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR VOLUME 31 Advances in THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR Edited by PETER J. B. S LATER JAY S. ROSENBLATT CHARLES T. S NOWDON TIMOTHY J. R OPER Advances in THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR Edited by PETER J. B. S LATER School of Biology University of St. Andrews Fife, United Kingdom JAY S. ROSENBLATT Institute of Animal Behavior Rutgers University Newark, New Jersey CHARLES T. S NOWDON Department of Psychology University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin TIMOTHY J. R OPER School of Biological Sciences University of Sussex Sussex, United Kingdom VOLUME 31 San Diego San Francisco New York Boston London Sydney Tokyo This book is printed on acid-free paper. ∞ Copyright C 2002 by ACADEMIC PRESS All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher. The appearance of the code at the bottom of the first page of a chapter in this book indicates the Publisher’s consent that copies of the chapter may be made for personal or internal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, Massachusetts 01923), for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. -
Bibliografía
No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by FIRST PROOFS - © Copyright 2017 digital or mechanical means without NOT SUITABLE FOR TRANSLATION Princeton University Press. prior written permission of the publisher. Bibliografía Abbe, Emmanuel A., Amir E. Khandani, and Andrew W. Lo. 2012. “Privacy- Preserving Methods for Sharing Financial Risk Exposures.” American Economic Review 102, no. 3: 65– 70. Acharya, Viral V., Lasse Pedersen, Th omas Philippon, and Matthew Richardson. 2009. “Regulating Systemic Risk.” In Restoring Financial Stability: How to Repair a Failed System, edited by Viral V. Acharya and Matthew Richardson, 283– 303. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Adolphs, Ralph, Daniel Tranel, Hanna Damasio, and Antonio R. Damasio. 1994. “Im- paired Recognition of Emotion in Facial Expressions Following Bilateral Damage to the Human Amygdala.” Nature 372: 669– 672. Alchian, Armen. 1950. “Uncertainty, Evolution and Economic Th eory.” Journal of Po- litical Economy 58: 211– 221. Alexander, Sidney S. 1961. “Price Movements in Speculative Markets: Trends or Ran- dom Walks.” Industrial Management Review 2: 7– 26. American Cancer Society. 2016. Cancer Facts and Figures 2016. Atlanta, GA: Ameri- can Cancer Society. Andersen, Espen S. 1994. Evolutionary Economics: Post- Schumpeterian Contribu- tions. London, UK: Pinter. Anderson, Philip W., Kenneth J. Arrow, and David Pines, eds. 1988. Th e Economy as an Evolving Complex System. Reading, MA: Addison- Wesley. Andrews, Edmund L. 2008. “Greenspan Concedes Error on Regulation.” New York Times, October 23. Aristotle. 1944. Aristotle in 23 Volumes. Vol. 21. Translated by Harris Rackham. Cam- bridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Arrow, Kenneth J. 1964. “Th e Role of Securities in the Optimal Allocation of Risk- bearing.” Review of Economic Studies 31: 91– 96. -
Applying Experientialism to HCI Methods
Applying Experientialism to HCI Methods by Manuel Imaz A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of Napier University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy SCHOOL OF COMPUTING NAPIER UNIVERSITY EDINBURGH, UK Committee in charge: Professor David Benyon, Chair Professor Chris Johnson Professor John Waterworth January 2001 Acknowledgements I would like to thank Dr. David Benyon, who first discovered the possibility of a PhD thesis in the seeds of a MSc thesis done at the Open University, and also because he Smyth for supported me along the entire source-path-goal trajectory and to Michael Nardi for her his revision and valuable comments. I would also like to thank Bonnie John exchange of comments regarding my original ideas about Activity Theory, and Waterworth for his contributions regarding the role of metaphor in HCI design. Their contribution has been very important in the development of my own ideas. Table of Contents Table Contents I of ............................................................................................................ Table Figures; of .............................................................................................................6 Abstract ...........................................................................................................................8 Chapter 1 ................................................................. ...................................................9 Introduction..... ...................................................................... -
Rwagen Wissen
rwagen Wissen vorma s Ethik und Sozialwissenschaften (EuS) Streitforum fiir Erwagungsku : Herausgegeben von 0 Frank Benseleu, Bettina Blanck, Reinhard Keil, Werner Loh EWE , Jg. 2012009 Heft 2 20 Sonderdruck Hauptartikel Robots a!zd TJzeology, Anne Foerst Kritik Seliller Bringsjord, Joanna J. Bryson,Thoinas Christaller, Dirk Evers, Yiftach J. H. Fehige, Oliver Kriiger, Anne Kt111, Bernhard Lang, Mantlela Lenzen, Hironori Matsuzaki, Andreas Matthias, Hans-Dieter Mutschler,Jiirgen van Oorschot, Sal Restivo, Matt Rossano, Stefanie Schifer-Bossert, ~hristo~herScholtz, Thoinas T. Tabbert Replik Anne Foerst Hauptartikel Bildtrng und Perspektivitiit - Korztroversitat urzd Gzdoktrinationsverbot als Grundsatze vorz Bildutzg urzd Wissensclza$) Wolfgang Sander Kritik Klaus Ahlheim, Carsten Biinger, Bernhard ClatzRen, Marcelo Dascal, Carl Deichmann, Joachiin Detjen, Heike Drygalla-Roy, Ludwig Duncker, Peter Gostmann, Benno Hafeneger, Peter Herdegen, Walter Herzog, Annette Kamn~ertons,Hanna I<iper, Dirk Lange, Holger Lindemann, Maria Maiss, Sabine Manzel, Michael May, Charles McCarty,Wolfgang Miiskens, Wolfgang Nieke, Arnd-Michael Nohl, Bernhard Ohlnleier, Andreas Petrik, Thomas Saretzki, Elisabeth Sattler, Armin Scherb, Henning Schluf3, Gerold Scholz, Helillt~tSchl-eier, Horst Siebert, Annette M. StroB Replik Wolfgang Sander ANHANG LUCIUS 7 ~LUCIUS- Erwigen Wissen Ethik Deliberation Knowledge Ethics vormals / previously Ethik und Sozialwissenschaften (EuS) - Streitforum fiir Erwagungskultur EWE 20 (2009) Heft 2 / Issue 2 INHALT CONTENT DRITTE DISKUSSIONSEINHEIT 1 THIRD DISCUSSION UNIT HAUPTARTIREL / MMNARTICLE Anne Foerst: Robots and Theology 181 KRITIK / CRITIQUE Selmer Bringsjord: But Perhaps Robots Are Essentially Non-Persons 193 Joanna J. Bryson: Building Persons is a Choice 195 Thomas Christaller: Why are humans religious animals and what could this mean to Artificial Intelligence and Robotics? 197 Dirk Evers: Humanoide Roboter als Mittel menschlicher Selbsterkenntnis? 199 Yiftach J. -
Marco Del Giudice 08-2018
MARCO DEL GIUDICE CURRICULUM VITAE August 24, 2018 CONTACT E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://marcodg.net Address: Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Logan Hall, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. ACADEMIC POSITIONS 2018-. Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 2014-2018. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 2012-2013. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy. 2007-2012. Post-doc, Center for Cognitive Science, University of Turin, Torino, Italy. VISITING POSITIONS 2014. Visiting Scholar, Development, Health & Disease Research Program, University of California – Irvine, Irvine, CA. 1 2012. Visiting scholar, Department of Comparative Human Development, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. 2009. Visiting scholar, Division of Family Studies and Human Development, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. EDUCATION 2007. Ph.D. in Cognitive Science, University of Turin, Torino, Italy. 2003. Degree in Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy. BIBLIOMETRICS Google Scholar: 4,665 citations; h-index: 30 Web of Science: 1,890 citations; h-index: 20 AWARDS 2016. Early Career Award, Human Behavior & Evolution Society (HBES). JOURNAL ARTICLES Del Giudice, M., Buck, C. L., Chaby, L., Gormally, B. M., Taff, C. C., Thawley, C. J., et al. (in press). What is stress? A systems perspective. Integrative and Comparative Biology. Ellis, B. J., & Del Giudice, M. (in press). Developmental adaptation to stress: An evolutionary perspective. Annual Review of Psychology. Del Giudice, M. (2019). Sex differences in attachment styles. Current Opinion in Psychology, 25, 1-5. Del Giudice, M., Barrett, E. S., Belsky, J., Hartman, S., Martel, M. -
Plasticity and Pathology Berkeley Forum in the Humanities Plasticity and Pathology on the Formation of the Neural Subject
Plasticity and Pathology Berkeley Forum in the Humanities Plasticity and Pathology On the Formation of the Neural Subject Edited by David Bates and Nima Bassiri Townsend Center for the Humanities University of California, Berkeley Fordham University Press New York Copyright © 2016 The Regents of the University of California All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other—except for brief quotations in printed reviews, without the prior permission of the publishers. The publishers have no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet websites referred to in this publication and do not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. The publishers also produce their books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Plasticity and pathology : on the formation of the neural subject / edited by David Bates and Nima Bassiri. — First edition. p. cm. — (Berkeley forum in the humanities) The essays collected here were presented at the workshop Plasticity and Pathology: History and Theory of Neural Subjects at the Doreen B. Townsend Center for the Humanities at the University of California, Berkeley. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8232-6613-5 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8232-6614-2 (pbk. : alk. paper) I. Bates, David William, editor. II. Bassiri, Nima, editor. III. Doreen B. -
Empathy and the Role of Mirror Neurons
Regis University ePublications at Regis University All Regis University Theses Spring 2017 Empathy and the Role of Mirror Neurons Margaret Steward Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.regis.edu/theses Recommended Citation Steward, Margaret, "Empathy and the Role of Mirror Neurons" (2017). All Regis University Theses. 820. https://epublications.regis.edu/theses/820 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by ePublications at Regis University. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Regis University Theses by an authorized administrator of ePublications at Regis University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EMPATHY AND THE ROLE OF MIRROR NEURONS A thesis submitted to Regis College The Honors Program in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Graduation with Honors by Margaret Steward May 2017 Thesis written by Margaret Steward Approved by Thesis Advisor Thesis Reader Accepted by Director, Regis University Honors Program ii iii iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………. vi PART I: THE ROLE OF MIRROR NEURONS IN THE BRAIN………….. 1 The Unique Quality of Mirror Neurons……..……………………… 7 Extension to Neurological Mirroring in Humans…………..………. 15 Contention in the Field……………………………………………… 29 PART II: UNDERSTANDING EMPATHY THROUGH BEARING WITNESS…………………………………………………………………… 37 Building a Connection with One Another………………………….. 41 The Importance of Bearing Witness………………………………... 47 REFERENCES……………………………………………………………… 59 v Acknowledgements I would like to thank Dr. Fricks-Gleason and Dr. Matlock for advising me throughout this project. Also, I would like to thank Dr. Howe and Dr. Kleier, as well as the whole Regis University Honors Program. Lastly, I must thank my family and friends, who, without their support this project would not have been possible. -
Giacomo Rizzolatti
BK-SFN-HON_V9-160105-Rizzolatti.indd 330 5/7/2016 2:57:39 PM Giacomo Rizzolatti BORN: Kiev, Soviet Union April 28, 1937 EDUCATION: Facoltà di Medicina, Università di Padova (1955–1961) Scuola di specializzazione in Neurologia, Università di Padova (1961–1964) APPOINTMENTS: Assistente in Fisiologia, Università di Pisa (1964–1967) Assistente in Fisiologia, Università di Parma (1967–1969) Professore Incaricato in Fisiologia Umana, Università di Parma (1969–1975) Visiting Scientist, Dept. of Psychology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (1970–1971) Professore di Fisiologia Umana, Università di Parma (1975–2009) Visiting Professor, Dept. of Anatomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (1980–1981) Professore Emerito, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma (2009–) Director of the Brain Center for Social and Motor Cognition, IIT Parma (2009–) HONORS AND AWARDS (SELECTED): Golgi Award for Studies in Neurophysiology, Academia Nazionale dei Lincei, 1982 President Italian Neuropsychological Society, 1982–1984 President European Brain and Behaviour Society, 1984–1986 Member of Academia Europaea, 1989 President Italian Neuroscience Association, 1997–1999 Laurea Honoris Causa, University Claude Bernard Lyon, France, 1999 Prize “Feltrinelli” for Medicine, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, 2000 Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2002 Member of Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, 2002 Foreign member of the Académie Francaise des Sciences, 2005, Herlitzka Prize for Physiology, Accademia delle Scienze, Torino, 2005 Laurea Honoris -
Conceptual Metaphor - the Controversial Case of Embodied Thought
Conceptual Metaphor - the Controversial Case of Embodied Thought Vuković, Veljko Undergraduate thesis / Završni rad 2016 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences / Sveučilište u Rijeci, Filozofski fakultet u Rijeci Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:186:812608 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-02 Repository / Repozitorij: Repository of the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences - FHSSRI Repository Veljko Vuković CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR – THE CONTROVERSIAL CASE OF EMBODIED THOUGHT Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the B.A. in English Language and Literature and Philosophy at the University of Rijeka Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Sc. Marija Brala-Vukanović Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Rijeka September 12, 2016 ABSTRACT Metaphor has long been a mesmerizing literary phenomenon that attracted attention of literary critics and brought joy and fulfillment to literary hedonists. It shows the writer’s greatness of talent in presenting the ordinary in an extraordinary artistic fashion, of transforming the plain into the sublime, of overcoming the physical in favor of the transcendent. However, with the discovery of conceptual metaphor within Cognitive Linguistics, scientific community and ordinary people were baffled. It turned out that metaphor is not at all a novel linguistic and literary creation, but rather an omnipresent everyday occurrence. Furthermore, metaphor became a matter of thought rather than language, and this thought was characterized by being embodied in nature. The prime working principle commanding metaphor was said to be the same one that governs our cognitive constitution.