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i* ^ A CONCISE pSTORY OF THE WAR.

DESIGNED TO ACCOMPANY

P E K RI N E ’ S

TsTEW

or THE

SOUTHERN STATES,

WITH AN . *

"TRODUCTION AND STATISTICAL APPENDIX,

• COMPILED FROM AUTHENTIC SOURCES.

LT.-COL. JOHN S. BISHOP, 108th U. S. C. T. >

r INDIANAPOLIS, IND.: CHARLES 0. PERRINE, PUBLISHER. t -t' . 1

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Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 18G4,

By CHARLES O. PERRINE,

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the for the District of Indiana.

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Stereotyped at the Fraaklitt Type Foundry, Cincinnati. INTRODUCTION

The student of history must pause at this period in the history of the American Republic to contemi)late one of the most extra¬ ordinary rebellions that ever occurred against the constituted authority of any government—a rebellion foul in its conception and relentless in its prosecution. Ilis mind will naturally revert to the days of the Revolution, when we were but a handful, struggling for independence and for a position among the nations of' the earth. All then were united in the common cause. *itanding upon the broad platform of equal rights, and avow- i, the j)rinciple of self-government, that independence was av deved; and the fathers of the country, profiting by the les-

B07 i of the past, established a Constitution which bound tho hiinerto independent colonies in one indissoluble Union. Under ’’ protecting segis of this Constitution, the American Republic rusned on to a pinnacle of greatness unparalleled in the annals of the world. State after State was organized, until thirty-fivo stars made brighter the efl’ulgence of a new constellation. The genius of America points yet to that vast, almost unbroken West, where new States are to be carved out to take their place in the confederacy, the compeers of their elder sisters. Such j has been the rapid progress of this nation, that the mind is lost I ii^ contemplation of its grandeur and its vastness. At the begin¬ ning of the present century, it scarcely attracted attention in Europe, and was, probably, as little thought of in the delibera¬ tions of diplomatists as Holland or Belgium. At the close of 1860 it stood like a Titan, feared by the world, and occupying a larger share of foreign thought than did France, clothed in the dazzling magnificence which the matchless genius of the First Napoleon threw over the empire. With a far more fertile territory than Rome possessed, even in her palmiest days—with a people whose obstinate bravery and fiery, irresistible valor (V) vi INTRODUCTION.

fully equaled the famed virtue of the Roman, whose skill, judg¬ ment, and genius were not surpassed by the M’orld-famous mind of the Greek—it was no wonder that the United States of Amer¬ ica were as much feared as Rome herself had been. The proud title “I am a Roman citizen” found its counterpart in the expression “ I am an American.” In the second war with Great Britain—the Republic yet in its infancy—the world saw, with astonishment, a raw, undis¬ ciplined army overthrow her boasted veterans, and an im¬ promptu navy wrest from her the scepter of the seas. The Mexican and various Indian wars passed over the Republic like a summer cloud, in the sunshine of her prosperity. From a small strip of territory lying' along the Atlantic, having a population of less than three millions in 1776, the census of 1860 gave us a country three millions square miles in extent, and a hardy, ingenious, and industrious population of nearly thirty-two millions, an increase unparalleled since the world began. And yet, amidst all this grandeur and prosperity, there were found those, unmindful of their country’s honor or their own, who, in the madness of thwarted ambition, endeavored to pull down this fair temple of liberty, to build upon its ruins a gov¬ ernment where they might rule supreme—who sought to rend that flag under whose protecting folds they had grown rich and pros2:>erous. The elements of sectional agitation were first manifested in 1819, in the ai)plication of for admission into the Union. The attention of thoughtful men of both sections was then attracted to the danger. Mr. JetTerson said “ it came upon him like the sound of a fire-bell in the night.” The danger was averted. In 1832 the insidious doctrines of Calhoun had found many advocates, and nullification reared its head A Jackson then was President, and choked the monster. Find¬ ing themselves foiled in this direction, the leaders took up the question of slavery—a question on which a large majority of the people of the North were opposed to them-as a pretext for a disruption of the Union. They lost no opportunity of inflam- iufi the Southern mind and of demanding concessions from the ) INTRODUCTION. vi:

Bovernment. Many of their arguments found color in the acts of a party of extremists in the North, and thus they were enabled more securely to pave the way for the accomplishment of their nefarious designs. Agitation was kept up, crimination and recrimination followed, until, finally, it culminated in open ^ resistance to the Federal Government and its flag, singularly simultaneous throughout the whole of the Southern Slates, and the humiliating spectacle was presented to the world of a President-elect of a free republic fleeing by night, and in dis¬ guise, to avoid a crowd of assassins thirsting for his life, into the Federal Capital, to assume the reins of government, which (had nearly slipped from the grasp of an imbecile old man. ^ And yet, with all our strength and vast resources, the inaugura¬ tion of found us really weak—weak not in i the will to do, or the capacity to endure, but in the actual

1 power to resist invasion or quell rebellion, should either, as was most likely, occur suddenly. Our army, scarcely ever number- ing over fourteen thousand effective men—the smallest, per- I# haps, in the world—was scattered over thousands of miles of ; frontier, beyond the reach of immediate concentration, save I here and there a small garrison in an unfinished fort. Our p arsenals and armories were emptied, and arms and munitions : of war sent beyond our reach, by a treacherous Cabinet officer,

1 whose duty it was to guard well the national defenses. Our I navy, few vessels of which were fit for service, were dismantled : or scattered over the globe by another. Our treasury had ! been plundered by a third unscrupulous accomplice of the con- jyapirators. One-third of the officers of the army and many in the ■ navy had thrown up their commissions, and had arrayed the>m- selves against that flag which had so long floated grandly and triumphantly above them, and many more were disaffected. ^.These things being accomplished, the traitors avowed their purposes. State after State seceded, and arrayed themselves in arms, fondly imagining that this show of power was all that ■^■was necessary to awe the country into the recognition of their independence. The patriotic mind of the North refused to yield ^0 their intimidations, and the country was launched into the ''vortex of civil war. When the fall of Fort Sumter was announced, and the heart Tin INTRODUCTIOIT. of the nation, in the electric intensity of the excitement, for a moment ceased to beat, a disinterested and calm looker-on would have said, that never was there a country, in its* hour of direst need, so poorly prepared as was this for such a gigantic task of quelling and crushing the rebellion. But he would have been of those who do not comprehend the genius of our institu¬ tions. We had required no legions of armed men, stationed here and there, for our protection. We had not needed a thou¬ sand frov^ning ships of war to guard the sea-girt coast of the Republic, smiling with happiness, peace, and plenty. The Stars and Stripes floated grandly and proudly over the whole country, and the flaunting of its folds thrilled the heart of its people. The true army and navy were in the genuine, indom¬ itable patriotism of the American people. Wrapped up in trade and commerce, seemingly devoted to the business of money-getting, there was yet in the American heart a spark th of chivmlry—part of his inheritance from the race whence hej “ sprung—that needed but some such sacred breath as the call of his country to fan it into a quenchless flame. He paid no hire¬ ling army to protect himself or his rights, for he knew, when the time came that they were invaded, his own good arm was the keenest sword—his own dauntless bosom the most irnpreg-^ nable breastwork his country could erect. Such were those who, at New Orleans, overthrew thrice their number of the flower of the British army ; and that succession of triumphs from Mata- moras to the halls of the Montezumas was won by volunteer arms. Such a state of things could exist only in a republic. At the first sign of invasion or of wrong, the republican citizens of Athens threw down the pen of the scholar and the tools of the artisan for the javelin of the soldier or the pike of tha mariner, and they never failed, save through treachery, tof overthrow the regularly-drilled veterans of monarchical Mace- don, Persia, or Sparta. So it was with Rome. In the highest and best days of the commonwealth, when Rome was a repub;? lie and every citizen had a voice in the election of his rulers, there was no regular army; but never was Rome in need that h the citizens did not flock to her standard and bear her eaglea aloft in triumph. So with all other republics; and so, to a higher and greater degree, in the Republic of the 'West. i INTRODUCTION. tx

The smoke of the contest had scarcely cleared away, but the i partisans of the monarchical theory, grimly exulting in the supposed downfall of their rival, maliciously raised the cry, The Great Eepublic is goner’ And yet, with that cry still ^ sounding in their ears—the last reverberations of Sumter trembling on the breeze—the slumbering heart of the country awoke. From every green hill-side and from every sunny plain, from every hamlet and from every farm-house, every « town and city in the loyal States, the cry of their country went forth, and the citizens rallied to a man, as the clans of the Highlands at the slogan of their chiefs. Assailed from within / and without, domestic traitors and foreign foes openly or insidiously plotting when and where to strike the fatal blow which was to drain her life-blood, the nation threw the ; gauntlet of defiance to the world, and prepared herself for the contest. Kever but once before in the history of the world had such sublime and superhuman generosity and fortitude been exhibited. When Rome lay prostrate in the dust beneath the iron heel of the terrible Hannibal, and was bleeding at every pore from his gigantic blows ; when, beyond the limits of the old Latin colonies, she had neither friend nor well-wisher on the peninsula of Italy; when the awful earthquake shock of Cannse fell upon her, trying to the very utmost her constancy, and filling her cup of woes and trials to overflowing; when, by the terrible slaughter on that awful battle-field, every house within the walls, from the proud¬ est patrician palace on the Capitolineto the humblest plebeian cottage on the banks of the Tiber, was draped in mourning; W'hen the very stones were echoing the dreadful cry, Haani- hal is at the gates!” amid these things, Rome sent two legions to the Scipios, in Sj)ain, as was usual in time of peace, though to raise them the city was well nigh drained of men. With tho 'invincible Carthageuian himself so near the walls that tho ’ javelin which he threw with his own arm stuck fast in the Janiculan gate; with one-fifth her entire male population hav¬ ing fallen in battle during the prior two years, Rome sent , the regular consular array out of one gate into a distant land, while that dreaded foe lay encamped at another. Such an act of sublime, unchanging constancy—constancy in her moat t X INTRODUCTION. terrible wars—to the laws which were made in times of peace, ! and declared to be unalterable, has fixed Itome forever as the highest model of manly virtue, and woven such a spell about her name, that its bare mention thrills the heart like a battle lyric or a clarion call. And, years hence, the historian will fondly linger upon this tale of daring fortitude, and compare h it with the glorious and unrivaled constancy exhibited by the I American Union, at the fall of Fort Sumter, against a deadly 1 and powerful foe. { A more tremendous and terrific picture of the impetuous energy of the American people can not well be imagined than is presented by the fact, that, in little less than two years, a ' million and a quarter of men, who before had no idea of mili¬ tary life or matters, wei'e transformed into the most powerful, efiective, and irresistible army the world has ever seen ; and our merchant marine, hitherto carrying the peaceful fiag of com¬ merce to the confines of the earth, sailed gal!ant|v into line, and gave us a navy equal to the best in the world. And all this done by that patriotism and love of liberty which free insti- ! tutions and self-government ever implant in the breast of man. The toiling millions of the old world look with anxious eyes and agonized hearts toward this country, where they had hoped, if not themselves, their children might find an asylum from tyranny and oppression—watching the progress of this great rebellion, which has already resulted in the dismemberment of one State of the Union. “ The result can not be doubted. : Twenty millions of freemen, forgetting their divisions, are rallying as one man in support of the righteous cause: their willing hearts and their strong hands, their fortunes and their ' lives, are laid upon the altar of the country. We contend for the great inheritance of constitutional freedom transmitted from our Eevolutionary fathers. We engage in the struggle forced upon us with sorrow, as against misguided brethren, but with high heart and faith, as we war for that Union which'"' our sainted Washington commended to our dearest atlcctions. The sympathy of the civilized world is on our side, and will join us in prayers to Heaven for the success of our arms."* i B, Everett. HISTORY OF THE WAR

OuB record commences with the meeting of the South Carolina Con¬ vention, on 17th Deceinl)er. Previous to the Presidential election, the Soutlieni leaders, the Southern Senators and Representatives, who fore¬ saw the delcat of their candidate and measures he reja'esented, issued manifestoes and made violent speeches calculated to arouse the passions of the people. Caucuses were held under the very eaves of the Capitol, and preparations were made all over the South for the coming conliict. The North placed no weight on the boasts and threats of the Southrons ; and, rel}ung on the patriotism of the masses of the people, took no steps to repel an assault on the government from domestic foes. Some few of the leading minds, taking counsel of prudence, endeavored to institute measures for the organization of the militia, but they were embarrassed in their attempts % the accomplices and secret agents of the con¬ spirators. After the 6th of November had determined the incoming administra¬ tion, the preparatory measures on the part of the Southern traitors were prosecuted more ener^eticallv. Cabinet officers scattered the army and. navy, and robbed the r^deraf treasury. Governors of the several slave¬ holding States and the leading politicians expressed themselves in favor of secession as the only means to avert the calamities which they pre¬ tended to fear from a Republican administration. Some were for imme¬ diate .secession, others for a co-operation on the part of all the slaveholding States. The election of a Republican administration, and the danger to their peculiar institution in consequence, were to be used as pretexts. Many of the more moderate fought against secession for a long time, but were finally overwhelmed by the tide and carried with it. Committees were appointed by both Houses of Congress to endeavor to harmonize the antagonistic efements. They were unsucees.sful. On the 8th November, the Palmetto flag was hoisted in Charle.ston. South Carolina voted $100,01)0 to purchase arms. On the 10th she called a con¬ vention of the people. The United States officers in Charleston resigned. Senators Chestnut and Hammond resigned on the 18th. Georgia also appropriated $1,000,()(X) to arm the State. Major Anderson was placed in command at Fort Moultrie. On the ;ld December Congress met. Presi¬ dent Buchanan, in his message, took the position that no State had a right to withdraw from the Union, and the General Goverament had no authoritv to coerce her if she did. Un the 10th Louisiana appropriated $500,000 for military purposes. Howell Cobb, Secretary of Treasury, resigned. At an extra session of the Cabinet, Pre.sident Buchanan opposed the reinforcement of the forts in Charleston harbor; and on the 14th, General Cass, Secre¬ tary of State, disgusted with the imbecility of the administration, resigned. December 17, 1860.—South Carolina Convention met at Columbia, and adjourned to Charleston on account the prevalence of the small-pox. (11) Jan., 1861.] 12 HISTORY OF THE WAR.

18th.—Senator Crittenden offered a resolution in the Senate for certain aniendments to the Constitution. j. -rt I'jth._Commissioner from Mississippi addressed the citizens of Bain- jnorc this evening;. Secession leaders in Charleston declared that the forts in the harbor should not be reinforced, (fovernor Hicks, of Maryland, refused to receive the commissioner from Missis.sippi. 2Uth.—South Carolina seceded by a unanimous vote in convention. The news of the secession of South Carolina was received throughout the South with .manifestations of joy. 21st.—At New Orleans one hundred guns were fired and the Pelican flag unfurled. 22d.—The Charleston Mercuri/ of this date said: “ The reinforcements of the Ibrts, at this time and under present circumstances, means coercion —war.” It thought if the foils were not delivered up when demanded, “ the people will obey the call for war, and take the forts.” 2;ld.—At Petersburg, , a secession pole, one hundred feet high, was sawetl down this morning, before daylight, and the flag carried off. Immense embezzlement discovered in the office of the Secretary of the Interior, at Washington; over §830,000 of the Indian Trust Fund bonds were missing. 24th.—Governor Pickens, of South Carolina, declared that State “a separate, sovereign, free, and independent State, with all the rights that appertain to a free and independent nation.” Lijgislature of Alabama called to meet January 14, to provide for emergencies. Four of the South Carolina members announced their withdrawal from the House. The Speaker directed their names to be retained on the rqll. 25th.—Excitement at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Citizens^pposed tha removal of the guns and small arms from the arsenal, to be sent to the South-west. 2(;th.—Major Anderson evacuated Fort Moultrie and occupied Fort Sumter. Tlie guns at Moultrie were spiked and the carriages destroyed. The troops and a great part of necessaries, stores, and camp equipage were transi)orted during the night. South Carolina commissioners to the Federal Government (Messrs. Baniwell, Orr, and Adams) arrived in Washington. Mr. Rhett, in the South Carolina Convention, offered reso¬ lutions looking toward a Southern Confederacy. 27th.—Meet'mg in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Revenue-cutter William Aikin surrendered to the State of South Carolina. Secession meeting in Richmond, Virginia. 28th.—Palmetto flag raised over custom-house and post-office at Charles¬ ton. Castle Pinckney and Fort Moultrie occupied by South Carolina militia. Governor Hicks refused to convene the Legislature of Mary- l.and. 2

event of the firine of a ^;ingle gun in opposition to disunion, "Mr. Lin* coin’s life will not iw worth a week’s purchase.’’ Militia of the Oistrict of Columbia org.ini/.od. Fort Sumter besieged and communications cut olf. Every thing in readiness to open tire on the fort. (Governor Ellis, of North Carolina, seized Fort Macon at Beaufort, the forts at Wilming¬ ton, and the ai-senal at Fayetteville. 3d.—Fort Pulaski, at Savannah, Georgia, taken possession of by tho Georgia State tr

Senate. Bitoklyn (New York) navy-yard threatened. The entire forc.^, and the United States vessels in the harbor, wei'e armed. Wendell Phillips, at a lecture in Boston, this afternoon, declared himsolf a dis¬ union man, and was glad that North Carolina and the other slave State.s had seeeiled, and Imped they would all go at once. 22d.—Sherrard (Jleniens, of Virginia, made a strong Union speech m the House of Representatives. ‘24th.—Charlfc.ston Mercuri/ urged an immediate attack on Fort Surnter. United States arsenal at Augusta, Georgia, surrendered to the State authorities on demand of the Governor. ‘2r)th.—Large Union meeting at Portland, Maine. 2Gth.—Louisiana seceded. Each member of the convention was pre¬ sented with a new gold pen with which to sign the ordinance. 27th.—The Grand Jury at Washington indicted E.v-Secretary Floyd for ‘maladministration in office, forcom]Jicity in the abstraction of the bonds, and for con.spir.aey against the government. ‘29th.—Captain Breshwood disgracefully surrendered his vessel, the McClellan, to the State authorities of Louisiana. Secretary Dix tele¬ graphs to Mr. Jones, the special agent at New Orleans, “ th.at if any one attempts to haul do\ni the American flag, shoot him on the spot.” 31st.—United States branch mint ana custom-house at New Orleans seized by the State authorities; $511,000 in government funds were cap- tiu’ed. February 1, 1861.—Tex.as adopted an , to be sub¬ mitted to the people, February 22. 2d.—Revenue-cutter Lew’is Cass surrendered to the State of Al.abama. 4th.—iMontgomery Convention organized—Howell Cobb, President, otli.—Peace Convention organized at Washington—Ex-President John Tyler, Chairman. 8th.—In the IMontgomery Convention to-day Jefferson Davis was elected Provi.sional President, and .Mex.^nder H. Stephens Provisional Vice- President ol the Confederate States. Governor Brown, ot Georgia, seizes five New York vessels in the harbor of Savann.ah, in reprisal for the seiz¬ ure of some arms in New York consigned to Georgia. The vessels wei'e afterward relea.sed. The Little Rock (.) arsenal surrendered to the State of Arkans.as; nine thousand stand of arms, forty cannon, and a large amount of ammunition were seized. IJth.—Electoral votes counted in the National Congress, and Vice- President Breckinridge declared Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois, elected President, and Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine, Vice-President of the United State.s for four years, from 4th March, 18G1. Eight thousand Sharp’s rifle cartridges and ten thousand primers were seized in New York on a Charleston .stf'amer. 18th.—Jeff. Davis inaugurated. 19th.—Old Fort E earney, Kansas, taken by the secessionists, but after¬ ward retaken by a party of Unionists. 21st.—More vessels seized at Savannah. Montgomery Congress de¬ clared the free navigation of the Mississippi. 22d.—Wa.'^hington’s birthday celebrated in Charleston with great enthu¬ siasm. Collector at Charleston gave notice that all vessels from ports outside the Confederate States, e.xcept the State of Texas, will be treated as foreign vessels, and subject to the revenue laws of the Confederate States. 23d.—Abraham Lincoln, President-elect, arrived in AVashington, hav¬ ing secretly left Harrisburg last night to avoid a threatened assassina¬ tion. Brigadier-General Twiggs disgracefully surrendered to the State of Texas government property in that State to the amount of nearly one and a half millions of dollars. 26th.—Captain Hill, in command of Fort Brown, Texas, refused to sur- March, 186L] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 15

Kinder his post when ordered by General Twiggs, and made preparations to defend it. 27tli.—The Peace Convention submitted seven amendments to the Con.'^titution, to the Senate, as a basis oi' adjustment of the present diffi¬ culties. .Mauch 1, 18i)l.—Brigadier-General Twiggs e.xpelled from the United Suites army for treachery to the tiag of his country, in surrendering his department to the State of Te.xas. Major Anderson, at Sumter, reported the works surrounding the fort nearly completed, and that further delay was almost impo.ssible. iid.—Revenue-cutter Dodge seized at Galveston by the Texans. 4th.—Abraham Lincoln inaugurated President of tiie United States. Te.xas seceded. oth.—General Ifeauregard ordered by President Davis to take com¬ mand of tlie forces for the investment of Fort Sumter. The President’s Inaugural considered in the South as warlike. tith.—Fort Brown. Texas, surrendered by Captain Hill, by an arrange¬ ment between him and the Texas commissioners, yth.—Tlie army of the Confederate .States established, l-ltii.—Florida declared it treason for citizens of Florida to hold office under the Federal Government after any actual collision between the troops of the State and those of the late Federal Union. 18th.—Supplies cut otf from Fort Pickens and the fleet in the Gulf, from Pensacola. y 2uth.—Sloop Isabel, at Mobile, ladenr with supplies for Fort Pickens, seized by a company of Alaliaina militia. 22d.—Governor Pettus, of Mississippi, called out one thousand five liundred infantry. Dr. Fo.x, a special messenger from Washington, visited Fort Sumter. Union meeting at Frankfort, Alabama. 2sth.—Vote in Louisiana, on the question of secession, was—ayes, 20,448; D.ays, 17,2'JG. doth.—Missi.ssippi Convention ratified the constitution of the Confed¬ erate Smtes by seventy-eight to seven. dlst.—Rumors from Charleston very conflicting; it was stated that Sumter would be evacuated by the .Id of April. Apain 3, 18til.—Reinforcement of Fort Pickens officially confirmed. South Carolina Convention ratified the constitution by one hundred and fourteen to sixteen. 4th.—The Virginia Convention rejected, by eighty-nine to forty-five, a resolution tor anordinance of secession, to b*e subihitted to the people. 7th.—Communication between Fort .Sumter and the city prohibited. The steamer Atlantic sailed, under sealed orders from New York, with troops and provisions. 8th.— The crLuK approaching. Government was notified that an unarmed vessel, which they desired to send to Fort Sumter, would not be per¬ mitted to enter the harbor. Government then gave notice they would send by force if necessary. Orders were issued to have the entire mili¬ tary of Charleston in readiness. At midnight the whole city was aroused bv 'the signal guns. State Dejiartment at Washington refused to receive, officially, the Confederate commissioners. 9th.—-Jetf. Davis made a requisition on the State of Alabama for three thou.sand men. Steamers Illinois and Baltic sailed from New’ Y’ork. Sloop-of-war Pawnee sailed from Norfolk wdth sealed orders. ]0th.—The floating battery at Charleston was anchored near Sullivan’s Island. Seven thousand men were now in the fortificatiens around Sum¬ ter. District ofX^olumbia militia ordered to assemble. llth.—Ca})itol building guarded by military. Confederate commis- tfioners left Washington. Great activity in military circles at the North, llth, 2 P. M.—Fort Sumter summoned to surrender. Major Anderson, April, 1861.] 16 UISTOllY OF TUE WAR. H in command, replied that his “ sense of honor and his obligations to his government” would prevent his doing so. lltii, Midnight.—The surrender and evacuation of the fort again demanded. Major Anderson replied that his provisions were well-nigh ^ exiiau.sted, and he would be compelled to surrender in a few days unless supplied. liith, 4)4 .A. M.—The rebels opened fire from Fort Moultrie, followed by all the1>atteries, which nearly surrounded Sumter. 7 A. M.—Sumter replied, and a vigorous fire was keyd up by both parties until (5 P. M. Confederates kept up a cannonading during the night. Fort Pickens reinforced. l.’kh.—At daylight the Confederates recommenced the bombardment j of Sumter, in force. The fort held fire until 7 A. 1\I. Luiring the morning ! the barracks of the fort took fire several times from the etieets of shells; ' wiien the fiames burst forth the Confederates redoubled their energies, I and with such etfeet, that at five minutes of one the garrison capitulated. 15th.—Sumter evacuateil. The garrison were allowed the honors of war, saluting their Hag, and taking it and private and company prop¬ erty with them. The Federal loss was but one man killed, he* by the explosion of the last gun of the salute. He was buried in the fort. It was rumored that the Confederate loss was comparatively heavy, Vnit it was never fully known. President Lincoln called lor seventy-five tliou- sand men for three months, to suppress the insurrection against the government, and commanded all insurrectionary combinations to dis¬ perse within twenty days. Called an extra session of Congress to meet on the 4th of July. The news of the fall of Fort Sinnter aroused the people of the North to a just realization of their situation, and a very general determination was expres.sed to support the authority of the Sovernmeut. E.xeited meetings were held m the various cities iji the ortii. In New York and Philadelphia great crowds assembled and made demonstrations against susjieeted disloyal parties. Newspapers sup¬ posed to be tainted with secessionism were compelled to hoist the Amer¬ ican tiag. The banks advanced a great deal of money to their respective Slates for war yiurposes. Six hundred men of the 25th Pennsylvania Militia were sent by Pennsylvania to Washington. IGth.—Enthusiav^ni increased. Thirty comj)anies—one thousand seven hundred, uniformed and eiyiiipped—rejiortedat Ro.ston shortly after noon. New York State appropriated (100,000. Delaware decla'red for the Union. The Governors of , Virginia, Nortli Carolina, Bli.ssouri, and Tennessee refused to furnish troops to the Federal Government. The. Confederacy called for thirty-two tliousand men. 17th.—Tlie steamer Star of the West, with her cargo, seized by the Texans at Indianola, Texas. Washington guarded by a strong military patrol and by artillery. Virginia adopted., by eonve'ntion, by a vote o'f sixty to fifty-three, the oi'dinanee of secession, to be submitted to the people. Governor Letcher vecomiized Virginia as one of the Conle

19tli.—The Gth Massachusetts and 7th Pennsylvania Militia had a tight with a mob in Haltiniore. Tiiree soldiers were killed and eight vrounded. Of the mob, nine were killed and three wounded. Twenty- one thousand dollars raise*! in ten minutes in the (Jhamber of Commerce oi ^Vi’ew ) ork. I'roinleut Lincoln declared a blockade of the r>oultiera ports, (jieneral Patterson took command ot the Department of Wash- •ngton. governor Hicks ami M.iyor Drown, of Dakimore, notified the Pre.'ident that troops passing throuiih Dakimore would have to tight their way. Pliihcielphia a])pr*ij>ri;ited ^l,!)U(J,0U0 for war purposes. Tha Mew \ork 7th Uegiment leit that city with forty-eight rounds of b.ill-eartridge. Ijieutenaut .Jones and his eommanii reached Curlislt^ Pennsylvania, having marched thirty miles the jirevious niglit. giJth.—The Baltimore moirs succeeded in cliecking railroad travel from the Morth, by destroying various draws and bridges. Great mass meet¬ ing in Mew York. Southern merchants repudiate their debts to the Morth. The ar.senal at Lilierty, Missouri, seized by rebels. Governor Letcher orfered $.50,h,)0 fur the* jiatent of the bullet-rnold. He learned tiiat " no money could purchase it against the country.” Gosport navy- yard, with all us contents, was destroyed liy Commander McCauley, to prevent their use by the secessionists. The sloo{»-of-war Cumberland Was .saved to the government. The loss to the government was about fiity millions of dollars. •2*lst.—The Pliiladelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad taken possession of by tlie governiiieiit.' Branch mint at Charlotte, North Carola^, seized by Governor Elli.s. American Hag publicly buried at Meinpliis, Tennessee. Robert E. Lee, formerly of the United States armv, ap})ointed hy Governor Letcher as commander of tlie (Conleder- atej'miliuiry and naval forces of Virginia. Governor Ellis, of North Carolina, called out thirty thousand troops for State defen.se. New' York City voted one million of dollars for eipiipmeiit of volunteers and sup¬ porting their families. declared for tlie Union. Fayette¬ ville (North Carolina) arsenal surrendered to the State. Arkansas took possession of the arsenal at Napoleon. 2.Jd.—Some of the Louisiana parisne.s voted ten thousand dollars to equip tlie Confederate I'orees, and pleilged lifly thoiuc-^nd dollars a year for the .same purpo.se. Martial law'proclaimed in Baltimore. General Butler took military [lossession of the .\nnapolis and Elk Ridge Railroad, disregarding the jirotest of (Tovcnior Hicks. 21tli.—Cairo, Illinois, occupied by the 7th and 10th Regiments of Illinois Volunteers. Governor Lekdier ordered the release ot all private property e.vcept tlie steamers .Jamestown and Yorktown. •2.Ah.—Colonel E u'l Van Dorn, of the Te.xan troops, captured four hundred and tikv United State.s trooiis, under Major Sihley, at Saluria, Te.xas. Fort Smith, .Vrkan.sas, taken pos.session of by State troops, under Sen.aLor Borland. Captain S. D. Sturgis made his escape with two com¬ panies of cavalry, with liorsos, equipments, and provisions. The Sioux and Cliippewa Indians olfered the .services of three hundred warriors. A detachment of Illinois troops, under Captain Stokes of the regular army, suGCoedeil iu removing, from tlie arsenal at St. I^ouis, about twenty thousand stand of arms, hesi'Gs, camion, eipiipments, etc., and conveyed tliein to Springfield, llliimis. 'I'he ste.amer Cili.iwlia seized at New Orleans tiy (fovenior Moore, and afterward released hy the Cnnfeiiorate Government. Now York 7th Regiment of .Mil tia arriveil iu W.ashington, vin Anna|ioli.s. c.jth.—More trooj^s reached Wasliiiigton. The Capita! declare*! safe. 27(li._The ports of Virginia and Nortli Carolina iirdiided in the. block¬ ade. Tlie steamer C. E. Hillman, from St. Jjoui.s for Nashville, was abandone*! bv lier officers near Cairo. One thou.sand kegs of powder and various other contraband articles were found on board. ^ 2 18 HISTORY OF THE WAR. ay, 1861.]

28th.—Lights and buoys on the Potomac River and Chesapeake Btf” destroyed by tlie Confederates. •2i)th.—Maryland refused to secede by a vote of fifty-three to thirteeii Governor Harris, of Teniie.ssee, ordered the seizure of seventy-five thou¬ sand dollars in bonds and five thousand dollars in coin belonging to the United States. Three steamers seized by Governor Moore, of Louisiana. Mat 1,18i)i.—Governor Black, ofHebraska, called out volunteers for the Union. Tennessee seceded by an ordinance passed in secret ses-sion. The bodies of Luther C. Ladd, of Lowell, Sumner H. Needham, of Iv«i\v- rence, and Addison O. Whitney, of Lowell, of the Oth Mas.sachusetts, killed at Baltimore, were received at Boston with full military lienors. 2d.—The ODth New York Militia, Colonel Corcoran, reached Wash¬ ington from Annapolis Junction. Ellsworth’s Eire Zouaves andved in Washington. 3d.—Tile 1st New Jersey Brigade left that State for the seat of war. Connecticut appropriated §2,uou,uou for military purposes. New York, Pliiladelpliia, and Boston informed of a plot to burn tiiose cities. Four¬ teen companies of Kentuckians ottered llieir services to the Federal Gov¬ ernment. 4th.—lM.ajor-General McClellan placed in command of the Department of Ohio, comprising Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. President Lincoln calls for 42,034 volunteers for three years, 22,714 for the regular army, and 18,000 seamen. General Bragg reported 0,000 men at Pen.sacola. Phumix Iron-works, at Gretna, near New Orleans, cast the first gun for the Con¬ federate navy. It was an eight-inch Dahlgren. 5th.—General Butler took military possession of the Relay House. Raleigh, North Carolina, crowded with Confederate volunteers. Gth.—Virginia became a member of the Confederate Btates by a vote, in secret session, of the Confederate Congress. Arkansas seceded. 7th.—Union meeting at Kno.vville, Tenne.sseo, and Union Hag raised. A serious riot occurred, and two men were severely injured. The 1st Massachusetts Volunteers—three-months men—enlisted for three years. The contributions of the North amounted this day to $23,275,000. Mili¬ tary league, otteiisive and tlefensive, with the Confederacy, ratified by the Legislature of Tennessee. 8th.—The Harnet Lane captured a Confederate privateer in Chesapeake Bay. yth.—The President of the Southern Confederacy authorized to raise such force as he might deon expedient. loth.—Major-General R. E. Lee commissioned, by the Confederate Secretary of War, as commander of the Confederate forces in Virginia. President Lincoln ordered all otticers of the army to subscribe anew the oath of allegiance. Captain Tyler, of the 2d Dragoons, s])iked ten guns nt Fort Kearney, Kansas, to j)revent their use by the rebels. Captain Lyon eajAured Camp Jackson, near St. Louis, commanded by Brigadier- General D. M. Frost, of the Missouri Militia. The camp was so suddenly and so completely surrounded, that the troops there w*ere surprised and compelled to an unconditional surrender. Kix hundred and thirty-nine prisoners and a large quantity of arms and munitions of war were cap¬ tured. The mob attacked the Federal forces, but were fired upon, and hventy-two killed and many wounded. This act saved the city and the Btate from being forced out of the Union. Captain Lyon was promoted to be Brigadier-General for his gallant conduct on this'occasion. 11th.—The Union Home Guards of St. Louis fell into confusion and panic, and fired upon the crow

J^iagara. The reheJs attempted to rlestro}’ the Monocacy iron biidge and the naek of llie Northern (Jeniral Kaiiroad. loiJi.—lieiu'i’al Butler took po-syessiou of Baltimore. The steamer Pawnee anchored otf .\le.>:andi-i;i, Virginia. Major Morris, in command at Fort McHenry, refused to obey the writ of habeas corpus issued by Judge Giles, of Baltimore. Union Convention oi’ganized in Wheeling, Virginia. The jiroject of a divi.sion of the State was discussed, t^ueen Victoria issued her iiroclamation of neutrality. l-ith.—McClellan and Fremont Hjipoiuted ^iajor-Generals in the regular service. General Harney, at St. Louis, denounces the niilitary bill of the Missouri Legislature as unconstitutional, and an indirect secession ordi¬ nance. Ross Winans arrested. General Butler, at Baltimore, seizes a large quantity' of arms destined for the rebels. loth.—James G. Bennett, jr., of New York City, and T. P. Ives, of Providence, Rhode Island, commi.ssioned as lieutenants in the revenue service, and their private yaclits accepted by the government for that service. Itlth.—General Butler commissioned as Major-General of Volunteers. Southern express matter searched, by order of the government, and all articles contraband of war seized. Arlington Hights, opposite Washing¬ ton, fortitied. 17th.—Large quantities of secreted arms and ammunition seized at St. Louis by United States Marshal Rawlings. Confederate Congress authorized the issue of ?(Xi,(H»u,000 of bonds, payable in twenty years, at eight tier cent, interest, and 3:20,0()0,000 treasury-notes not bearing inter¬ est. iJarper’s Ferry fortitied by the rebels. 18th.—Arkansas admitted into the Southern Confederacy. General Butler placed in command of the Hepawment of Virginia, comprising Virginia east of the Blue Ridge and North and South Carolina; head¬ quarters, F’ortress Monroe. The light-ship of the Che.sapeake recap¬ tured from the rebels, and brouglit to Washington without loss or injury. A number of blockade-runners .seized and contiscated. 10th.—United States steamers Thomas Freeborn and Star attacked the batteries at Sewell’s Point—two men slightly wounded. Ship Argo, from Richmond for Bremen, laden with tobacco,'seized by the Minnesota. 20th.—By order of the government, United States Marshals seizeil the records of the telegraph ottices throughout the North. North Carolina seceded. Governor Magoffin, of Kentucky, announces that Kentucky will remain neutral. 21st.—Convention between General Price, of Missouri Militia, and Gen¬ eral Harney, United States army. General Price to preserve the pub¬ lic peace if General Harney made no demonstration. More arms seized at Baltimore. Jetf Uavis signed the repudiation act of the rebel Con¬ gress. Senator Rous.seau, of Kentucky, denounces secession before the Legislature of that State. The Confederate Congress adjourned at Mont¬ gomery, Alabama, to meet at Richmond, Virginia, 20th July. 22d.—Josepii E. Jolm.-icon, (Quartermaster-General, and one hundred and eleven other officers, resigned from the United States army. The government destroyed the fortifications at Ship Island, Gulf of Mexico. 2:id.—The United States frigate Mis.sissipjn cornjielled to return to Boston for repairs, her machinery having been tampered with by secret enemies of the government. 1st and 2d Ohio Volunteers arrived in Washington from their eneamjmient in Pennsvlvania. Batteries of Whitwortli guns reached New York from the loyal .Americans in Europe. First Confederate flag captured at Alexandria by William MeSpedon, of New York City, and Samuel Smith, of Queen’s County, New York, 2-lth.—Thirteen thousand United States troops entered Virginia from the District of Columbia. The 11th New York Volunteers (Fire Zouavesb under Colonel Ellsworth, landed at .Alexandria. The Colonel, deacena 20 HISTORY OF THK WAR. June, 1861.* ing from the roof of the Marshall House, where he had captured a rebel flag, was instantly killed by tlie landlord, one James Jackson. Jac-kson was almost as instantly killed by Corporal Brownell, of the Coloner.s party. IMissonri State troo])s refused to disband. Kentucky olTered her¬ self as mediator. 2.')ih.—Hampton Bridge, near Fortress Monroe, taken possession of by United States troops. $8,1191,000 of the treasury loan awarded at a rate of interest not exceeding seven ])er cent. 2ijth.—New Orleams blockaded by the Brooklyn. The Confederate pri* vateer ('.alhonn captured the scdiooners John Adams and Mermaid, of Provineetown, Massachusetts, and the brig Panama, of Boston. They had been whaling in the Gulf, and were laden with about two hundred barrels of oil. Po.stmaster-General Blair suspended postal facilities in the rebellious States alter the Jlst inst. •27th.—General Cadwallader refused to obey the writ of habeas corjyus issued in the case of John Mcrryman, confined in Fort McHenry. Brig- adier-(dcneral McDowell took command of the Federal forces in Eastern Virgini.a. “ Contrabands'’commenced to come within the lines at Fort¬ ress Monroe. General Butler refused to return them. Mobile block¬ aded. 28th.—Savannah blockaded. General Cadwallader ordered to be arrested by Judge Taney for eontem])t of court. The Marshal reported that he coidd not gain admittance to the fort. 29th.—Davis arrived at Richmond. Miss Dix accepted a? chief of hosj)ital nurses. Very enthusiastic Union meeting at Paris, Fram^e. 8uth.—N. P. Banks, of IMassaehusetts, as Major-General, ami Robert C. Pchenck, of Ohio, as Brigadier-General of Volunteers, were appointed by President Lincoln. The nth Indiana Volunteers passed through Cincin nati. The Brooklyn captured, at the mouth of the IMississippi, the bark H. J. Spearing, loaded with $l'2(),U(iO worth of cotiee. Grafton, Virginia, occupied by tJolonel Kelley, of the 1st Virginia Union troojis. Jlst.—The New York 7th Regiment, having enlisted for only thirty days, left Washington for New ’liork. The gun-boats Freeborn and Ana- costa engage the rebel batteries at .Vcquia Creek. After an engagement of two hours, they were eom})ellod to withdraw. June 1,1861.—The gun-boats engaged the Acquia Creek batteries again this morning. The Ijatteries were silenced, and several buildings in tho village were burned by the shells from the gun-boats. Forty-seven men, under Lieutenant Tompkins, of the 2d United States Cavalry, surprised the rebels at Faiifa.x Court-house. The “ big guns” mounted at Cairo, Illinois, and the first thirty-two pound ball was tired down the Mississippi, to get the range. 2d.—Colonel'Crittenden, with 3,000 men, left Grafton, Virginia, on .an e.xpedition southward. 3d.—General Beauregard assumed command of the Confederate forces at IManassas Junction. Battle of Philippi, Virgi»ia.—The Confederate troops, 1,500 strong, were defeated at Philippi by the Union troops, under Colonels Kelley and Lamler. Colonel Kellev was severely wounded. The rebels lost fifteen killed. Stephen X. Iiouglas, United States Senator for Illinois, died at the Tremont House, Chicago, at ten minutes past 9 A. M. His last words were a message to his children, telling them to “ obey the Laws and support the Constifution of the United States.” His death was universally regretted. Border-btate Convention met at Frankfort, Kentucky. 4th.—Southern journals recommended the employment of slaves in tho Confederate fortifications. They agreed not to publish any news in rela¬ tion to military movements. Judge Taney, of the United States Supreme Court, protested against the suspension of the writ of habeas corpas by the President. Louisville, Kentucky, partially blockaded. General Lyoia Juno, 1861.] HISTORY OF Till? WAR. 21

auecee'led General Harney in command of the Department of the West. General I’rice, now of the Confederate service, <;iilled upon General Lyoa to ratify the agreement between General Harney and himself. oth.—Over pounds of ))owtler in Baltimore taken by the govern¬ ment from liie agents of povvtler comjianies. 6th.—New Voriv Chamber of Commerce awarded medals to the defend¬ ers of Forts Sumter and I’iekens. 7th.—General Twiggs ordered the occupation of the IMartello Tower, near New Orleans, to oppose the landing of United States troops. The 11th Indiana (Zouaves), under Colonel Levv Wallace, passed through Cincinnati. Sth.—Wagon and foot-bridges on the Upper Potomac destroyed, by order of Confederate General Johnston. Sanitary Commission authorized and organized. The Confederates destroyed four bridges on tlie Alexair dria, Loudon and Hampshire Railway. A large quantity of arms seized at Easton, Matylatul, by military authority. North Carolina ratilled tl4 Constitution of the Confederate States. 0th.—Rhode Islaml vol^mteers constructed a floating bridge across tha Potomac, at Georgetown, District of Columbia. $10,0<10 worth of military goods seized froih the .Vdams Ex)>re.ss Company. The Union troops commenced moving up the Peninsula of Virginia. loth.—Buttle of Biij Bethel—I'liree regiments of Union troops, from Hampton, Virginia, under General Pierce, moved, about midnight, to attack the rebels at Big Bethel; the advance and main body mistook each other for enemies, and tired, killing two and wounding nineteen. This alarmed the rebels, and an intended surprise was foiled. After a fight of two hours’ duration, the Union forces were compelled to with¬ draw. Major Winthrop and Lieutenant tJrebel, both able and gallant officers, were killed, with eleven others ; thirty were wounded and sev¬ eral missing. Rebel los.s unknown. 11th.—The Indiana Zouaves, Colonel Lew Wallace, surprised a body of 500 Confederate troops, at Romney, Virginia, and routed (hern, killing two and wounding one .seriously. The expedition returned to Cmnber- land, Maryland, forty miles distant. 12th.—Confederate flag at Columbus, Kentucky, hauled dowm by the captain of the steamer City of .Alton, and brought to Cairo. Governor Jackson, of Missouri, called out 50,000 of the State militia, ostensibly for State defen.se, but really for rebellious purposes. Attempts made to poison troops at Washington City. IJth.—Large and enthusiastic meeting in Delaware. Fast-day in the Confederate States. 1-tth.—John Dix commissioned Major-General of Volunteers. Har¬ per’s Ferry evacuated by the rebels, alter destroying the bridges and all the stores they could not remove. Governor Jackson evacuated Jetfer- Bon City, Missouri. 15th.—Genend Lyon entered Jefferson City. ITtli.—Wheeling Convention (fifty-six members present) declaretl for the Union. Skirmish at Edw'.ards’Ferry. Street tight in St. Louis; six Becessionists were killed and many wonndeil. fienend Schenck, in com¬ mand of a reconnoitering party of Ohio troops, w’as surprised by a masked battery, near Vienna, Virginia. General Lyon attacked anil defeated the rebels under Governor Jackson, at Booneville, Missouri, capturing large quantities of military stores. Losses not known. 18th.—Balloon ascension, for military purposes, from Washington. Pre.sident Lincoln received the first rnes.sage ever sent from a balloon. I9th.—John Ross, the Cherokee chief, urged neutrality upon his nation, reminding them of tlieir obligatioivs to the government. Skirmish at Cole Camp, Missouri; Confederates defeated, with a loss of fifteen killed, twenty wounded, and thirty prisoners; Union loss, forty. The Corned- 22 HISTORY OF THE WAR. July, 1861.] erates at Philippi, Virginia, dispersed. Liberty, Missouri, with a number ol'eecessioiii.sts and valuable military stores, captured by a detachment of United States regulars. Rebels from Romney, Virginia, burned the railroad bridge at ISiew Gi’eek, and cut the telegraph at Piedmont. 20th.—First field telegraph laid by Engineer li. I. Rogers, between General McJJowell’s head-

federates retreated, leaving their dead and wounded on the field. The Unionists lost two killed, several wounded, and captured large quantities ot blHnket.s and other stores from the enemy. The Legislature of West \ irginia was organized to-day. Governor Pierpont seized ^27,00U belong¬ ing to the .State of Virginia, in the Exchange Bank of Weston. —General Lyon left Booneville for South-west Missouri. Military Board of Arkansas called out lu.tKiu men to fletend the .State. 4th.—Congress met. The President recommended the raising of 41)0,000 men and iH(M),00O,0O0. Union meeting in Louisiana City,. Alis- souii. Conlederate tlag torn down and burned in Louisville, Kentucky. Skirmishing at Harper’s Ferry, across t)\e river. oth.—Battle of Carthaye, Misnouri.—The Confederate troops, under Gov¬ ernor Jackson, marching toward Carthage, were met by Colonel Sigel, at tlie head of t,500 men, at Briers’ Forks, seven miles north of that place. A fight ensued. After two hours’ fighting the Confederate ranks were broken and their artillery silenced. Rallying again, they attempted to outtiank Sigel, who, discovering it, feigned a retreat, which drew tlie enemy into a compact mass, when .Sigel opened fire right and left with ftreat slaughter. Sigel finally fell back to Carthage. 'I'he Confederate OSS estimated from three to five hundred. Union loss thirteen killed and thirty-one wounded. Skirmisli at Kewport News, Virginia. 6th.—Major-General Fremont assumed command of the Western Uepartmeut; head-qu.arters at St. Louis, Missouri. 7th.—.An infernal machine discovered in the Potomac River, near Aequia Creek. Skirmish at Great Falls, Virginia. 8th.—General Banks took possession of two steamers at Baltimore. Fort .Sumter heroes ordered to Washington. The old flag went with them, as “ they would have no luck in the company without it.” Cap¬ tain Taylor, of tlie Confederate army, bearer of a scaled letter to Presi¬ dent Lincoln, from Richmond, arrived at .Arlington, ami wafs conveyed to Washington. He returned without an answer. General Scott jirohibited the transmission of military intelligence by telegraph. !}th.—1st Maryland (Union) Regiment le/t Frederick for Hagerstown, to loin the army. John S. Carlile and W. T. AVilley chosen iTnited States Senators by the new (Wheeling) Virginia Legislature. 10th.—Loan bill of Si!o0,000.(K)0, at seven per cent., pas.sed the House. The Henate pas.sed the bill authoiizing the enlistment of 500,000 men, and voting §500,000,000 for the “ suppression of the rebellion.” Brig:idier- General Anderson was jwesented, by the citizen.s of New York, witli a commemorative gold medal. Fight near Monroe Station, Missouri, between a small force of Unioni.sts, under Colonel Smith, of the ICth Illinois, and a large force of Missouri State troops, imder Brigadier-Gen¬ eral 'rom Harris. 'I’he rebels were finally repulsed, and fell back to Monroe. 'I’he Unionists coming up, the rebels were again defeated. Smith then took shelter in the academy, and sent to Quincy for rein- forcement.s. Skirmish at Laurel Hill, V’lrginia. General McClellan attacked General Pegram, drove him from his rifle-pits, and, with fne loss of one killed and three wounded, comiJetely routed the wliolo rebel force. 11th.—The reinforcements sent for by Colonel Smith, at Monroe, IHis- souri, arrived at dusk, under command of Ex-Governor Wood, of Illi¬ nois; and, falling upon the rebel rear, completely routed them, killing several, and ea|i»turing seventy-five prisoners, one gun, and several horses. None ol the Federals were killed. St. Louis State Journal sup¬ pressed bj’ General Lyon. Buttle of Rich 3lov>itain.—'Three thousand Confederates, under General Pegram, strongly intrenched at Rich IMouiit- ain, were attacked by General IMcClellan’s forces. General Ro.secran.s, with three Indiana arid one Ohio regiments, tr.a'ie a cimuit of the camp, and by 3 o’clock P. M. attacked the camp in the rear. After a fight of an 24 HISTORY OF THE WAR, [July, 1861.

hour and a half the Confederates were defeated, losing “ all they had, with sixty killed and a large number wounded. Ko.seerans lost twenty killed an^ forty wounded. During the night the rebels retreated toward Beverlv. , ^ ^ , VJth.—General McClellan, by a forced march, occupied Beverly. Col¬ onel Pegram, wilii UUU men, surreiniered to General McClellan uncondi¬ tionally. Skirmish at Barboursville, West Virginia. Two regiments of Union troops organized in New Mexico. kith.—Fight at C:irrick’R Ford. Hebei Genenal Garnett was killed and his troops scattered. The Union loss was thirteen killed and forty wouudeii. lllh.—Privateer Sumter heard fi'om. She entered Cienfuegos, Cuba, on the Gth iiist., with six brigs and two barks as prizes. 15th.—Skirmi.sh at Bunker Hill, near Martinsburg, Virginia, between General I’atterson’s advance and the rebel cavalry under Stuart. The Confederates were defeated and driven two miles. McDowell’s army commenced moving. IGth.—Skirmish at Millsville, Missouri. The , 50,000 strong, moved toward IManassas. President Lincoln authorized to call out 600,000 men. Loan Ijill passed the House. 17th.—The Union cavalry ativanced to Centerville. Fight at Scarey- town, We.st Virginia, between 1,.500 men of General Cox’s brigade and the Contederates. The Unionists were defeated, owing to reinforcements not arriving in time. 18th.—Ah engagement took place at Blackburn Ford between a recon- noitering party ot General McDowell’s army and the Confederates. After a fight of a few hours the Federals were ordered to withdraw, having acconipli.shed their object. Skirmish at Harrisonville, Missouri, lasting four hours. 19th.—Major R.awlings killed near Hampton, Virginia. General Banks takes command of the Dcjiartineut of the Shenandoah ; head-quarters in the field. Cajkain-General of Cuba released the Sumter's prizes. 20th.—The Confederate Congress met at Richmond. 21.st.—Hattie of Hull Hun.—At 5 A. M. the Federal army broke camp at Centerville and moved ui)on the rebel works in five divisions, com¬ manded respectively by General Tyler and Colonels Hunter, Heintzel- mau, Runyan, and lililes. Richardson’s brigade of Tyler’s division was ordered to make a feint by way of Blackburn Ford, while the remainder of that division moved by way of Stone Bridge, stiongly defended by the rebels with artillery. Heintzelman’s division, by cutting a road through the woods, took position on the Rum about midway between Tyler and Hunter. Miles’ division was held m reserve at Centerville, and to check any attempt of the rebels to turn our left flank, and Runyan’s was seven miles nearer Washington. Both Tyler and Heintzelnian, by making feint attacks, engaged the enemy’s attention, while the main body under Hunter made a detour to the right. After passing Cub Run, and crossing Bull Run at Sudley’s Springs, three iniles above, they attenii)ted to turn the enemy’s left flank. This had, in a measure, l>een accomplished, when the enemy, finding the attack on his right was only a feint, com¬ menced to strengthen his left. This being perceived, Heintzelman was ordered to press his attack to prevent this movement of troops. He succeeded in driving back the enemy from the bridge far enough to allow Sherman and Keyes’ brigades of Tyler’s division to cross over and drive the enemy’s right. This being accomplished, the balaia-e of Tyler’s division crossed, and the engagement became general along the whole line. After a severe fight ot over six hours, when the Federals had nearly won the field, and the enemy almost disheartened, the rebels were reinforced by Johnson’s army irora Winchester, who threw them¬ selves en masse on our “ight. The suddenness raid strength of this onsot Ang., 1801.] HISTORY OP THH TrAR. 25

on onr exhanstod forces, and in the niicist of the security felt on a field so nearly won, was sutiicieut to create disorder, whicli,' in spite of all the etlbrts of the otficeiv, resulted finally in a panic. The Union forces engaged did not exceed •iu,(RK); while that of the rebels was, according to tiieir own accounts, 4U,uou on the field and about 2o,00(i in reserve at Manassas .Iun>;tion. t.nir loss, in killed, wounded, and missing, was reported by (»eneral Mct)owell at2,7U8; that of the enemy, admitted by themselves, at 1,‘JU2. After the battle Colonel Enstein, w'ith the 27tn Pennsylvania, brouglit od six pieces of artillery which had been aban¬ doned in the retreat. William Tillman (negro) recaptured the schooner S. J. Waring from a rebel jn-ize crew, and brought her to New York. 22d.—General McClellan ordered to the command of the Army of the Potomac. The tlonfederates dispersed at Forsythe, Missouri. Uoso- crans appointed Brigadier-General of the regular army. 2;i

Lyon’s forces had a fight with the rebels, under Ben McCulloch, at Due Springs, nineteen miles south-west of Springfield, Missouri, and defeated them with lu-tillery and cavalry; Union loss, nine killed and thirty wounded; Coniederate loss heavy. Tariff and tax bills passed Congress. 3d.—The steamer George Weems, of Baltimore, seized by the Balti¬ more police, for carrying military stores destined for the rebels. Confis¬ cation act passed the House, bkirmish at Messilla, New Mexico; the Unionists were victorious. Forts Breckinridge and Buchanan, Arizona, destroyed. 5th.—Schooner Dart and steamer South Carolina exchanged shots with the rebel batteries at Galveston, Texas. General Lyon fell back to Springfield, Missouri, in face of an advancing Confederate force of 20,000 men. Skirmish at Athens, Missouri. (jth.—Galveston reported captured. Extra session of Congress closed. 7th.—A body of Confederate troops, under General Magruder, failing to draw the Union troops into an engagement, entered the town of Hamp¬ ton, Virginia, and entirely destroyed it by fire. Prisoner’s from the privateer Petrel, sunk olt Cliarleston by the United States frigate St. Lawrence, reached P’ort Mifflin. 8th.—F. K. Zollieotfer appointed Brigadier-General in Confederate service. Office of Democratic Standard, at Concord, New Hampshire, destroyed by soldiers. The Confederate Congress refused to aecede to that part of the Treaty of Paris of 1856, abolishing privateering. Skir¬ mish at Lovettsville, Virginia; rebels defeated. 9tli.—General Lyon aseerhained that Ben McCulloch, with about 22,000 Confcxlerates, were encamped on Wilson’s Creek, nine miles from Spring- field, Missouri, and moved against them with only 5,2uo Union troops, mostly volunteers; one column, under Colonel Sigel, marched fifteen miles in a southerly direction, for the purpose of turning the enemy’s right flank. loth.—Battle of Wilson's Creelc.—March resumed at 2 A. M. At 6 A. M. the battle commenced by an attack of the 1st Missouri Infantry on the Confederate camp. Fighting soon became general, and the enemy were driven back. At 9 o’clock they returned to the attack; and General Lyon, placing himself at the head of the 1st Iowa, whose officers had been disabled, was instantly killed by a rifle-ball in the breast. Major Sturgis now assumed command. Sigel’s attack was progressing success¬ fully; but sujiposing a rebel regiment, which was advancing, were rein¬ forcements, he allowed it to approach too close, when its fire threw his advance into disorder, and he was driven back, losing five guns. At noon the enemy’s camp was discovered on fire, supposed to be his own act. Major Sturgis finally fell back, in good order, to Springfield. The rebels made no pursuit. The Union loss was 1,235 killed, wounded, and missing. The Confederate loss was officially stated at 421 killed and 1,300 wounded. llth.—Colon?l Sigel and Major Sturgis fell back to Rolla, Missouri. 12th.—Charles J. Faulkner, Ex-Minister to France, arrested in Wash¬ ington for treason, in fui-nishing the rebels with arms. Judge Catron, of the United States Supreme Court, expelled from Nashville for his loyalty to the govei-nment. 13th.—Cajitain Dayton, with company A, 4th Virginia Regiment, sur¬ prised and drove 20(i rebels from near Grafton, Virginia. The banks of New York, Philadelphia, and Boston agree to take fifty millions of the government loan. 14th.—Jeff’ Davis ordered tliat all residents of the Confederacy must acknowledge the same, or leave it within forty days. Robert Muir, of Charleston, cousin to the British consul at New Orleans, arrested with treasonable dispatches. Martial law declared in St. Louis by General Fremont. TFar Bulletin and Missourian, at St. Louie, suppressed. Aug., 1861.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 27

15th.—Sixty non-commissioned officers and privates sent to Dry Tor- tugas, to work on Ibrtihcations, for mutiny. Colonel Burke, command¬ ing Fort Lafayette, refuseage. Navigation nearly closed on the Potomac by the rebel batteries. $58,000 captured at St. Genevieve, Missouri, by the Union troops. 17th.—Trains on the Hannibal and St. Jo.seph Railroad fired into by Confederate rangers ; one Union soldier was killed and several wounded. General Pope levied $15,000 as a retaliatory measure, and to prevent future occurrences of that nature. 18th.—Privateer Jeff Davis wrecked on St. .Augustine Bar. Skirmishes at Sandy Hook, Maryland, and I’ohick Church, Virginia. Casualties slight. loth.—Missottri became a member of the Southern Confederacy. Two hundrefl and forty fugitives from East Tennessee enlisted in the Union army at Camp Dick Robinson, Kentucky. Commerce, Missouri, retaken by United States trooj)s. Pierce Butler arrested in Philadelphia for treasonable correspondence. Cclonel Dougherty, with 2.50 Illinois volunteers, attacked and dispersed tne rebels under Colonel Hunter, of Jeff Thompson’s army, at Charleston, Missouri. Union loss, one killed and six wounded ; the rebels lost about forty killed and seventeen prison¬ ers. The Jeffersonian, at Westchester, Pennsylvania, cleaned out. 20th.—The Confederates, 4,000 strong, attacked the 11th Ohio Volun¬ teers, in their barricades, at Hawk’s Nest, Kanawha Valley, but were driven back with great loss. The Convention of West Virginia fixed the boundaries of a new State, the question to be submitted to the people on the 24th of October. 21st.—The New York Defense Committee, up to this date, had expended $1,().'}8,278 for the various purposes of their organization. President Davis authorized to appoint two commissioners to visit Europe. 22d.—Daili/ News and Day-Book, and other treasonable papers of New York, refused transpoitation in the mails. Office of the Christian Observer, of Philadelphia, taken posse.ssion of by the United States Marshal. 2Jd.—Confederate coast-guard seized the light-house and other gov¬ ernment property at Key Biscayne, Florida. Governor Harris, of Ten¬ nessee, called on the women of the State for conti’ibutions of clothing, Dlankets, etc., for the Confederate army. 24th.—Mayor Berret, of Washington City, arrested and sent north¬ ward. Governor Gamble, of Missouri, called out 42,000 men for State defense. 25th.—All the vessels on the Potomac River taken by the government. New York Journal of Commerce, Freeman's Journal, and Brooklyn Eagle, denied the use of the mails. 2Gth.—This morning, while at breakfast. Colonel Tyler’s 7th Ohio Regiment were surrounded by the Confederates. They rallied, however, and cut their way through four times their number; the casualties were few. The War Department prohibited the promulgation of accounts of military operations. Captain Foote ordered to the command of the Westena navy. Hatteras expedition left Fortress Monroe. 27th.—Skirmish at Ball’s Cross-roads. 28th.—Great honors paid in St. Louis to the body of General Lyon, passing through that city on its way East. 29th.—Capture of Hatteras Inlet.—After a cannonading of two days, the expedition, undei*General Butler and Flag-Officer Strihgham, succeeded 2S HISTORY OF THE WAR [Sept., 1861. in capturing Forts Clark and Hatteras with their garrisons, who sur¬ rendered as prisoners of war, together with large quantities of commis¬ sary and ordnance stores. Skirmish at Lexington, Missouri, between 4.‘i0 Home Guards and 4,500 secessionists; Unionists were victorious. Fort Suinton, New Mexico, abandoned and destroyed by order of Col¬ onel Canby, United States army. 30th.—The whole State of Missouri declared under martial law by General Fremont. Major McKiustry created Provost-Marshal-Gen- eral. 31st.—Skirmish near Jlunson’s Hill, Virginia. Captain-General of Cuba, by proclamation, admitted the Confederate vessels into the Cuban ports, promising protection while in port, etc. SKri’EMBKii 1, 18G1.—ykirmishes at Bennett’s IMills, Missouri, and Boone Court-house, Virginia—casualties slight. Surveyor An hews, at New York, seized :ff2,000,o

■ ' gnn-boats, assisted by a sixteen-gun battery on shore. The battery was ■ silenced, and the gun-boat Vankee escaped capture by runnirg under the guns of the battery at Columbus. Buttle of Cum ilex Fervi/.—At o’clock ' tills morning a battle took place at Carnifex Ferry, (kuiley River, near Bummerville, Virginia, between the Confederate army, under Cencral Floyd, and the Union l'o’’ces, under (general Rosecrans. The rebels had 6,uuu men and sixteen guns in position, in intrenchments, almost inac¬ cessible. The advance, under Colonel l.,ytle, drove a strong detachment, which was encamped outside, into the inside of the fortifications. The fight soon became general. Colonel Smith’s Idth Ohio attacked the enemy’s left, (his weakest point,) while Colonel Lowe’s 12th Ohio I engaged the front. Colonel Lowe was killed at the first discharge. As night ajiproached, the fight grew more furious, when Colonel McCook led in his German brigade. ISight coming on, the men were withdrawn, and slept on their arms. During the night Floyd evacui.led his intrench- nients precipitately, and retreated over the Gauley River, destroying the bridge and sinking the boats. The Federal Ibrces were too much exhau'tured. 11th.—.\ reconnoitering party, under Colonel Stevens, of the New York Highlanders, when returning to their camp at Chain bridge from Lew- insville, Virginia, were attacked by a strong Confederate force from Falls’ Church. The rebel b.itterv was soon silenced by Griffin’s battery, and the other force.s were .scattered. The Federals then returne

discovered, some nine men wei'e killed and twenty-five—including three officers—were wouiuled. dotli.—Colonel Geary, with a part of the 28th Pennsylvania Volunteers, tooii possession of Berlin, Maryland, and shelled the rebels from their positions. UcTOBEK 1, 1801.—Colonel Lovell II. Rousseau appointed Brigadier- General of Volunteers. The United States gun-boat Conestoga cliased the Davis” under the guns of the fort at Columbus, Kentucky. , John Ro.ss, the Cherokee chief, joins the Confederacy. A slight skir- I mish at Edsall's Hill, Virginia. Propeller Fanny cajitured by the rebels at Hatteras Inlet. 2d.—Secession camp at Charleston, Missouri, broken up, and forty ! taken prisoners. $:i8,(KK» in the St. Ijouis Saving .Association forfeited to I the United States, as belonging to the Cherokees, who had Joined the Confederates. 3,200 regulars, stationed in Calilbrnia, ordered to the JEjiist. 3d.—General Rejuiolds made a reconnoissance in force from his posi- , tion at Clif-at iMountain, and met the Confederate forces, under General Lee, at Greenbrier, V.irginia. .After a fight of an hour the Confederates I were driven from the ground, with the loss of 300 killed and wounded and thirteen prisoners. The Union loss was eight killed and thirty-two I wounded. The report of General Fremont’s removal caused great excitement in St. Louis. Governor Moore, of Louisiana, prohibited cotton being landed at New Orleans. 4th.—Four hundred Union troops occupied Pohick Cliurch, sixteen miles from Alexandria, Virginia. At Alimosa, five miles from Fort Craig, New Mexico, a party of Union soldiers, under Captain Mink, were sur¬ prised by 110 Texas Rangers. They fell back to Fort Craig, where, being reinforced, they pursued and defeated the rebels, killing their captain and ten men, and wounding thirty others. Two schooners, with about 6,000 stand of arms destined for the rebels, captured off the South-west Pass of the Mississippi. 5th.—Four thousand Confederates attacked and drove the 20th Indiana from their camp at Chickamacornico, near Hatteras Inlet. The Union trooj)s retreated to that i)ait of the island where the light is situated. The gun-lx)at .Monticello nastened to their relief, and shelled the rebels for four hours, while they were attempting to ernliark in their boats. The slaughter is represented as terrible. Night coming on, the gun-boat hauled off, and the Confederates, under cover of the darkness, made their escape. The frigate Susquehanna remained in range during the night. 0th.—Schooner Alert, flying the Palmetto flag, was captured by the steamer Flag, off Charleston, South Carolina. Colonel Rankin, member of the Canadian Parliament, who had been organizing a lancer regiment at Detroit, Michigan, was arresteil at Toronto, Canada, for a violation of the enlistment act. He was subsequently acquitted. 7th.—Colonel Matthews was compelled to abandon the post at Herman, Missouri, information being received of the a])proaeh of a large body of rebels. Fifty-seven of the Bull Run prisoners reletused bv tlie Confed¬ erates and sent to Fortress iMonroe. General Fremont and .staff arrived at Jefferson City, Missouri. Gun-boats Tyler and Lexington, being attacked by the rebel batteries above Columbus, Kentucky, returned the fire with shell, and did considerable e.xecution in the rebel quarters; the gun-boats finally returned to Cairo, Illinois. 8tii.—General Anderson, on account of ill-health, was relieved of his command in Kentucky. Skirmish at Hillsboro, Kentucky; during the fight of twenty minutes, the Confederates lost eleven killed, twenty-nine wounded, and twenty-two prisoners. Union loss, three killed and two wouuded. Rebel picket-guard surprised near Falls’ Church, Virginia. 32 HISTORY OP THl? WAR, IS61.

Grand review of artillery and cavalry belonging to the Army of the Poto¬ mac, near Washington. 9th.—Colonel Blair, of the 1st Missouri Artillery, preferred charges against General Fremont. Wilson’s Zouaves, (tith New York Volun¬ teers,) camped on Santa Ko.sa Island, were attacked this morning, before daylight, by 1,’20U Confederate troops from Pensacola. The Unionist.s were .surprised, tint, being reinforce

15th.—Lfirgc naval fleet from New York arrived at Fortress Monroe. Ironton, Mis.souri, oecuj)ie(l by Feileral tro()j)s as an important military post. United frtate.s steamer Hesolntc took possession of the snip Thomas Watson, which, in attempting to run tlie bhadvade at Charles¬ ton, run aground. TJie ship and cargo were worth Sl(X),ti(H). She was burned. An ati'air took jilace on the Leesburg Tiirn]>ike, iKdween Falls’ Church and Lewinsville—two relxds were killed. The portraits of Isaac 'i'ouce.y and T. II. Seymour removed from the Connecticut Senate Cham¬ ber, by a vote of that body, until their loyalty can be substantiated. ,leff 'i'hompson, with GOU rebels, burned the Jiig Uiver bridge, near Potosi, Mis.souri, aneaee. The garri.son at Fredericktown, I having been strengthened, attacked the rebels and drove them from the t vicinity. Major Wright reached Lynn Creek, Missouri, from Rolla, hav- . ing had three severe skirmishe.s on his way. d'ho Confederate .Secretary , of the Treasury declined to ]>urchase thel cotton crop of the Southern planters, or make an advance on its hyi)othecated value. 18th.—Unionist.'! attacked at Harper’s Ferry. I liHh.—Fight at Hurricane Creek, Carroll Coiinty, Mi.s.souri, between 220 I Federal soldiers and 400 rebels ; the Confederates were comnletely I routed. Major Lynde disgracefully stirrendered Fort Fillmore, Texas, to less than one-third the number of the garrison. Major Lynde was I afterward di.smiH.sed the service. Schooner Fairfax, with l,ludbales of ‘ Ijay and otkJ barrels of cement, fell into the hands of the rebels at Ship- t piiig Point, on the Potomac. General Wool, at Fortress Monroe, directed that every male contraband em}>loyed in his department sliould receive eight dollars, and every fem.’ile four dollars, per month. goth.—General William F. Smith made a reconnoissance to Flint Hill, twenty-nine miles beyond Fairfax Court-hou.^e. Oflices of the Terre Ifante (Indiana) Jaurval and Democrat quietly destroyed by the soldiery for treasonable sentiments. 21.st.—Battle, of Ball's Bluff.—Colonel E. D. Baker, with 2,000 men, I ero.ssed the Potomac at Harrison’s Island ainl Ball’s Blutf, under orders ! from General Sbme, to support the reconnois.sances above and below. About 4 P. M. tliey were suddenly attacked by a body of 5,000 Confeder¬ ates, under General Evan.s. Being overpowered, they were driven Ixrclc to the river, and many, for want of means to cross, were drowned or slauglitercd on the banks. The Union loss was about 1,000 killed, wounded, and prisoners. Colonel Baker fell at the first fire. His death was deeply regretted throughout the country. Gemu-al Stone was arrested aiid confined in Fort Lafayette, on suspicion of foiil play. The land forces intended to form part of the expedition ag.ainst Port Royal, South Carolin.a, sailed from Annapolis. Buttle of Frederic How n.—A large force of rebels, under .Telf Thompson and Lowe, were attacked and defeated at Fredericktown, Missouri, by the Feder.al troops, under Col¬ onel Pluinmor, of Indiana. After a fight of two hours the L'otdbderates 34 HISTORY OF THE T\'AR. [Oct., 1861. fled in disorder, nnd were pursued a distonce of twenty-two rtiiles. Gen¬ eral Lowe was killed, besides two hundred otliers, .and a large number wounded. Union loss, six killed and forty wounded. General Zollicotler, with about 7,500 men, def'eateil at Lamp Wildcat,. Kentucky, by the Union forces under General Schoepf. Their loss is unknown. Federal loss, four killed and twenty-one wounded. ‘^d.—Flag-Officer Craven reported the Potomac River effectually blockaded by the rebel batteries. Reports from Richmond are, that General Lee will be compelled to abandon his j)Ositiou at Big tievvall Mountain, for want of provisions. •2.fd.—General Lander severely wounded during a reconnoissnnce. This wound caused his death. Buttle at West Liberty, Kentucky. The rebels were routed with great loss of men and material. Rone seriously injured on the Federal side. General Nelson took })osse.s.sion of Hazel Green, Kentucky, taking thirty-eight prisoners. Fifty men of the (1th Indiana whip one hundred rebels at llodgeville, Kentucky. 24th.—Mason and Hlidell formally received at Havana. Sloop-of-vvar Jacinto .signaled by the consul at that port. Correspondence between General McClernand, commanding at Cairo, Illinois, and General Polk, at Columbus, on the subject of the exchange of some pri.soners, made public. President Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus in tho JJistrict of Columbia.. West Virginia voted almost unanimously for a separation of that part of the State. Skirmish near Campbellville, Kentucky. 25th.—Major Zagonyi, at the liead of about 300 of General Fremont’s Body-guard, charged against 2,000 rebels, drawn in line of battle, near Bpringtield, and routed them, killing and wounding a great number. They then cleared Bpringtield of rebels, and returned. An artillery duel was fought at Edwards’ Ferry, on the Potomac. It lasted five hours. The Confederate battery was silenced. 20th.—Battle of Bomnei/, yirgiuia..—General Kelley, with 2,500 men, attacked the Confederate outposts at Mill Creek, about five miles from Romney, and drove them upon the main body at Indian Mouml Ceme¬ tery, to'the west of the town, w here they made a sUind, and opened with twelve-pounder rifled guns, on a commanding position, and a howitzer, from the high groumls on the east bank of the river. General Kelley ordered a charge upon the batteries, which was being executed in gal¬ lant style, when the rebels broke and fled precipitately through the town toward Winche.stcr. Meanwhile, Colonel Johns, with 700 men, had been ordered to make a feint attack on the north end of the town. His attempt to force the bridge over the south branch was ineffectual, part of it hav¬ ing been destroyed. Not hearing any further tiring in the direction of Romney, he concluded the mam body had been successful, and he returned to Oldtown, a distance of twenty-five miles. General Kelley took four or five hundred prisoners and a large amount of war material. The loss in both parties on the Federal side was two killed and eleven wounded. The Kno.xville Whig (Parson Brownlow’s paper) forced to suspend by the Confederate Government. Generals Fremont and Sigel arrived at >.'j)ringtield, Missouri, amid great rejoicing. Colonel Johnson, with thirty men of the 2Sth Illinois, scattered a large force of rebel cavalry near Fort'Holt, Kentucky. 27th.—Fight at Plattsburg, Clinton County, Missouri. 2Sth.—Four hundred rebels at Dyer’s Mills, near Concord, Missouri, agreed to lay down their arms if secured against arrest by the Federal Government. The terms were agreed to. Lieutenant Hopkins, of tho gun-boat Louisiana, with three boats and twenty-five men, burned three large rebel vessels in Chincoteague Inlet. Tho guard were so surprised that they did not fire a gun. Military commission .spjiointed by the Pvosideiit to examine the tmancial affairs of the We.steru Depaitment. 1.<0V., 18G1.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 35

—Tim great Southern expedition sailed from Fortress Monroe. Colonel Hurhrid.iie, with 2.i)0 men and two j)iece3 of artillery, attacked a body of KH) rebels in camp at Woodbury, Kentucky, routed them, and burned their camp. 'I'he Richmond Examiner, of thi.s date, triumphed in the f;\et that ^l>lson and Slitlell had escaped the Federal fleet, and were on their way to Europe. Sece.ssion nn-eting in Russellville, Ken- tiickv. Union meeting at the Front Street Tlu'ater, Baltimore. .50th.—One hundi'i'd and fifty men from a United States steamer attempted to burn the .‘•ehooner Elite, which was stranded on Warsaw I.'lainf, near Savannah, out were i)rovented by the Confederate forces on Warsaw Island. .John C. Breckinridge, resigned his seat in the United States Senato, and entered the Confederatf' service. •B-'^t.—Skirmish at .Morgantown, Kentucky. All rebel prisoners in Fort Eafiyette removed to Fort Warren. Kovioiukr I, 18i)l.—General Scott’s name placed on the retired li.st of officers of the army. IMajor-Geiieral George B. McClellan succeeded him as General-in-ehief of the armju Colonel Mulligan exchanged for Brigadier-General D. M. Frost. Agreement signed by Genei’als Fremont and Price for e.xchange of prisoners. Four hundred cavalry routed eight hundred Confederates at Kenick, Randolph County, Missouri. Artillery fight at New River, a few miles from Gauley Bridge. 2d.—General iMcClellan received a .sword from the City Council of Philadclnhia. The British steamer Bcrimnla, with 1,800 bales of cotton, ran the blockafle at .‘^av.annah, Georgia. General Fremont relieved of the command of the Dejiartment of the West, and is succeeded by Gen¬ eral Hunter. Skirmish at Leavenworth, Mis.souri ; rebels defeated. North C.arolina militia called out to repel an e.xpected invasion. .3d.—Lieutenant Kuntz, of the United States steamer Flag, released on parole, arrived in Washington, to make arrangements fbr exchange of jwisoners. 4th.—Part of the Southem expedition arrived at Port Royal, South Carolina. Barboursville, Kentuckv', taken liy the Federals without oppo¬ sition. Houston, Texas County, Missouri, taken by Colonel Dodge, and a large amount of rebel property, including a rebel'niail, secured. f>th.—ITe.stonburg, Kentucky, occupied by General William Nelson. Parker H. French, a notoriou.s K. G. C., arrested at Brantford, Connecti¬ cut, for treason and forgery. ()th.—.John C. Breckinridge, Humphrey Marshall, and many other fwominent citizens, indicted lor tre.ason by the Gnind .Jury, at Frankfort, Centucky. Southern electors for President and Vice-President of the Confederacy were chosen throughout the seceded State.s. One hundred and twenty Unionists captured by five hundred rebels, at Little Santa F6, Missouri. 7tlT:—Battle of Belmont.—Generals and liIcClern.and, who left C.airo last evening, with a force of 2,8.a() men, landed at Belmont, Mis¬ souri, at 8 A. M. Immediately forming in line of battle, they advanced on the enemy’s carnji, and succeeded, after .a stubborn resistance, in driving them'for some distance and burning their camp. The Confed- enites being reinforced. General Grant withdrew his army to the boats. The advance and retreat were covered by the gun-boats Jje.xington and Tyler. Union loss, 84 killed, 288 wounded, and 2.‘yj pri.soners. Confed¬ erate loss, 2G1 killed, 427 wounded, and 278 prisoners. General Hunter refused to acknowledge the agreement between Generals Fremont and Price. Two gun-boats ]»roceeded up the Cumberland River, to within three miles of Fort Donclson, on a reconnoissanee. The relx*! battery opposite General Rosecrans’ position, on Cotton Hill, New River, Virginia, entirely silenced. Bombardment of Port Itoyal,—The Union fleet, after several days’ jireparation and reconnoitering, made an attack on Forts Walker and Beauregard, commanding the entrance to Port Royal har- 36 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [Nov., 1861. bor; and, aftor a fight of five hours, tlic forts .surrendered, and tho national liag again waved in fciouth (Jarolina. 'J'1)0 action wa.'^ rejire.sentea a.s one of tiie nio.st inagnifit^ent of the war, and the liavoc created by the sheila from the fleet is deacriV)ed as terrible. Tlie Union loa.s was eight killed and twenty-three wounded. Rebel loss heavy. The rebels fled, leaving Ijchind them all their jwivatc proi)erty. Beaufort and Hilton Head were occupied by the Union troops. 8th.—Nine bridges burned in East Tennessee by tlio Unionists. Sev¬ eral of the Unionists were afterward hung by the rebels. Great e.xcite- ment in Charle.ston and Savannah on the news of tlie loss of the batteries at Tort Roval. Ca])tain Wilkes, in the .steamer San .Jacinto,, overhauled the English mail-steamer Trent, in the Bahama Channel, and took therefrom Messi’s. Mason and Slidell, the Confederate commissioners to Eurojie. The Court of Inquiry in the case of Colonel IMiles.l'ound him guilty of drunkenness on the morning of the battle of Bull Run, Init, on their recommendation, no further action was taken in the matter. By agreement, the Missouri State militia was placed under the control of the United States otficers, for the defense of the State. General Nelson marched in two columns against the rebels at Piketon, Kentucky. !)th.—General Nelson attacked, in force, tlie rebels at Piketon, this morning. At 10 A. M. they made an unconditional surrender. About 2,000 ])risoners were taken. .Josejih E.. Johnston placed in command of the Confederate army in Virginia. 10th.—General llal'leck ])laced in command of the Department of the West. General D. C. Buell appointed to command in Kentucky. One luindred anil fifty Federal soldiers were enticed into a house in Guyan- dotte, Virginia, and there brutally murdered by the inhabitants, or taken Iirisoner.s. The town was afterward burned in retaliation for this out¬ rage. Colonel Corcoran was designated liy lot as hostage for the pirate Smith, convicted at Philadelphia. Thirteen other olHcers were .set ajiart as hostages for the crew of the pirate Savannah. Skirmishing in West Virginia w ith Floyd’s forces; he invariably retreated. 11th.—General Polk narrowlj escaped death by the e.xplosion of a J»ahlgren gun, at Columbus, Kentucky. One hundred and ten Kansas troops broke up a large rebel camp on the Tattle Blue, near Transas City, Missouri. During the last ten days over 14:,0()(> soldiers have been enter¬ tained at the Volunteer Refreshment Saloon, Philadelphia. 12th.—Captain Todd’s comjiany of Lincoln Cavalry was surrounded by the rebels w'hile on a reconnoissance with General Heintzelman, near Occoquan Creek, Virginia. They cut their way through, but lost three killea, one wounded, and three taken prisoners. Another attempt was made to break tho blockade of the Missis.sippi, by means of the ram Manas.sas and several fire-ships. Several of the blockading fleet got aground in their attempts to evade the fire-ships. The rebel fleet was finally beaten off. IJth.—Governor Harris, of Tennessee, authorized to call out 10,000 militia for Confederate service. General Zollicotfer retreated to Cum¬ berland Gap. Accomac and Northampton Counties, Virginia, occupied by Union troops. 11th.—Jjarge Union meeting in Cincinnati. General Benh-am defeats General I'loyd at McCoy’s IMills. Privateer Neva seized at San Fran¬ cisco. Artillery and small arms seized at Wilmington and Newcastle, Maryland. Govemment buildings ordered to be ljuilt at Port Royal, South Carolina. General Geary, with twenty-five men, drove tho rebels from opposite Point of Rocks, where they were erecting fortifica¬ tions. 15th.—Fast-day in the Confederate States. General Sumner arrived in New York with the regular.s from the I’acific. Ulxportution of gun¬ powder and saltpeter from the port of Boston prohibited. Ex-Senators Not., 1801.] HISTORY OF TUB WAR. 37

6\vin atjcl Brent, nnd Cnlhonn Benh.tm, Attoruey-Gciierol of California, arrived at New York, ns prisouer.»i, for treason. N'loksburg, ilissi.ssipjii, .?jo per barrel. General Paine lett 1 aduoalt, Ivent iieky, witli a nuni)jt;r of Union rroojis, in .search of tha notorious H. Clay King. IIo was not found ; but the e.xpedition di.sabled a ilour-iuill whiidi had betni used by tlie- rebebs. A foraging party of the Snth New 1 ork were betrayed, near Upton’s Hill, Virginia, by a nian named l>ooiin, at whose farm the men wen; collecting forage. Uoolin, who was previously supposed to be a Union man, was ar¬ rested. f't Cypre.ss Bridge, near Rumsey, Kentuckv; rebebs defeated, lo.sing a great many men, together with large (piantitie.s of 8tore.s. Union loss, ten killed and fifteen wounded. Panic at Charleston, on .account of the .surremler of Port Hoyal. British .schooner Adelaidis hulen with arms and provi.sii>n.s for the rebels, was captured near Cajie Canaveral liy the United States gun-boat Connecticut. Fight near Palmyra, Missouri; rebels lost three killed, five wounded, antf sixteen prisoners. 18th.—Confederate Congress met at Richmond. Captain A. II. Footo appointed Flag-GfTicer of the Western fleet. Forty-five counties of North Carolina repudiated the .sece.ssion of tlie State, a'lul cliose Marble Nash Tavlor Provisional Governor. Skirmish at Falls’ Church, Virginia. Jen'Fhompsoii boarded and .searched the steamer Platte City, at I’rice's Landing, Mis.souri, and hung two tnen a.s spies. lOtli.—Skirmish at Wirt’s Court-house, Virginia; rebels defeated. The reliel .steamer Na.shvilie captured and burned, in the British Channel, the American ship Harvey Birch. Warsaw, Mis.souri, burned by the Confederates. Lieutenant Worden, hiken prisoner at Pensacoba while carrying dispatches to Fort idekens, exchanged for Lieutenant Short, of the Confederate State.s army. The gun-boat Conestoga, on a reoonnois- sance up the Tennessee lliver, discovered two batteries, which slie Bilenced. ■2uth.—The stone fleet sailed for Charleston harVx;r. 75,000 men re¬ viewed by General McClellan and staff, and about 20,000 spectators, near Ale.xandria, Virginia. Miller’s Hotel, Baltimore, .scizeecamo f)anic-struck, and suddenly broke camp anb retreated, leaving behind a urge quantity of ammnniUon, arms, and camp equipage. 2l.st.—The Governor of Mi.ssissipjii authorized to call out as many militia as was necessary to .«trengtlien the army up the river. 22d.—Mayor Machtefh, of Charleston, called upon the citizens to aid in the defen.se of tlie city. General Huger, of tlie rebel army, in reply to General Wool, .said tli'at “bbankets and clothing, noces.sary fbr the com¬ fort of pri.soners, might be sent to him.” Camp of the 2d Louisiana Regi¬ ment de.stroyed by the United States gun-boats. Fort Pickens opened fire on the rebel steamer'Pime, as she was entering tlie harbor, which provoked a return from Forts Barrancas and McRae. The firing con¬ tinued all day. •2.qd.—The'fight at Pensacola harbor renewed this morning. Fort IHcRae was silenced. Fort Barrancas and tlie navy-yard much injured. The town of Warrington was bunied; Union lo.ss, one killed and six wounded. The advance of General Butler’s exjieditioii to New Orleaii.s left Portland, IMaine. 2.}th.—Tybee Island, South Carolina, occupied by Union forces. Skir mish at Lancaster, Mi.s.soiiri. General Buckner’s farm, near Munfords- ville, Kentucky, occupied by Union troop.s. 2;5th.—Troops landed at Buckingham, on the main-land of South Caro- Itua. General Lee declared Charleston under martial law. Intelligence 38 HISTORY OF TFIB WAR, [Dec., 1861. received of the capture and burning of the Koval Yacht, rebel privateer, by a party from the Santee, on the morning of the 8th inst. 20th.—Cavalry reconnoif^sance to Drainc.sville, Virginia, by Colonel Bayard’s cavalry ; al.^io, one in the neighborhood of Vienna, Virginia, by Captain Bell. The* West Virginia Convention met at Wheeling, to form the new State. Thirty-seven counties represented. Specie payments suspended in Louisiana. 2Tth.—Excited meeting in Liverpool, England, condemning the “out¬ rage ui)on the British flag,” in the arrest, on a British steamer, of IMa.son and Slidell. The Wheolhig Convention passed a gradual emancipation act. The United States authorities assumed control of the commerce of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. 28th.—Confederates laid a submarine cable from Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter. Black flag displayed by the Concordia (rebel) Cavalry, at Con¬ cordia, Louisiana. General Sherman receit'ed orders to take })OSses.sion cf the crops at Beaufort, South Carolina, on military account. Annual Thanksgiving-day throughout the North. Virginia observed the first one since the formation of the State. 29th.—Exportation of saltpeter prohibited in England. Skirmish near Now Market, near Fortre.ss Monroe. An artillery duel at Harper’s Ferry ; no damage done. General Phelps’ Gulf expedition left Fortress Monroe. 30th.—General Price, at Neosho, called for 50,000 IMissourians, to take tlie place of those of his troops whose term was about to expire. Schooner E. Whittington captured off Charleston with a valuable cargo. The Creeks, 1,200 in numbei’, rebelled against the authority of the Con¬ federate States. Decembee 1, 1861.—Gun-boat Penguin captured the schooner Albion, of Nassau, New Providence, while attempting to run the blockade of Charleston. She was laden with military stores, valued at S100,000, About thirty Union men from Kentucky, beaded by George W. Lytle, marched into Huntsville, Tennessee, tore down the rebel flag, and raised the Federal flag, and captured five rebel soldiers, and earned them to the Federal camps. Skirmish at Morristown, East Tennessee. 2d.—Confederate journals of Tennessee advocated the hanging of all East Tennesseeans who refuse to acknowledge the Southern Confeueracy. Three rebel gun-boats attacked Fort Holt, Kentucky; but, finding the batteries at Bird’s Point too unpleasant neighbors, retired. A foi’aging party of rebel cavalry were attacked by some cavalry from Genenu Blenker’s Virigade, at'Hunter’s Chapel, and driven off, with the loss of three killed and two prisoners. At 5 o’clock this morning, the rebel steamer Patrick Henry canre down the James River to within five miles of NciVpbrt News, and opened fire, at long range, on four Union gun¬ boats. No damage was done, and the rebel steamer, after a fight or two hours, withdrew. Both Ilou.ses of Congress met—confiscation bill pro¬ posed by Mr. I’rnmbull. Horace Maynard was sworn in as a member from the Second District of Tennessee*. The President requested by the House of Representatives to place Mason and Slidell in close confine¬ ment, in retaliation for same treatment to Colonels Wood and Corcoran by the rebels. .3d.—'I’hree hundred rebels, under Freeman and Turner, surprised the Union troops at Ralem, Dent County, Missouri. Major Bowen rallied hi.s men, and drove the reViels from the towm. A reconnoitering party of 120 men, from General Parks’ command, were attacked by 30u Confederate «;.avalry and a body of infivntry. They succeeded in cutting their way througdi, and returned to cainp, losing forty-five, killed, wounded, and missing. Henry C. Burnett, member of Congress from Kentucky, was expelled from the Hovesg of Repro-sentatives for participation in the rebellion. Dec., 1801 .j HISTORY OF THE WAR. 39

4th.—Maryland I..<»gi8laturo organized. Cavalry skirmish near .\nnan- d.-ilo, Virginia. M(*iinthi.s Aialauche demanded the rai.sing of the black Hag. .John 0. Breckinridge cxiielled from the United rthde.s Senate. The Knglish Government prohibited the exportation of gimf>ovvder, nitre, nitrate of .soda, bnm.stono, lead, and fire-arm.s. At ttunksbnrg, twenty mile.s west of Sedalia, .Missouri, a bofly of returned rebels, from General Briee’.s army, were attacked by a body of Union citizens, and ton reliels were killed and many others wounded. General Phelp.s’ expedi¬ tion landed on Ship Island, Gulf of Me.xico. Federal cavalry burned the Whippoorwill bridge, on the Memphis and Louisville Kailro.ad. General llalleck, at St. Loiius, oniered all tliose found in arms against the govern¬ ment to be contined, and that all spies, whether citizens or others,'should be shot; and also ordering all plundered and destitute Union familie.s to be nuartered on the secessionists for relief. 5tn.—Pirate .Sumter at Jlartiniqiie ; but the bay being so wide (fiReen miles) she escaped the lroquoi.s, which was watching her. .Skirmish at Brownsville, Kentucky. Naval reconnoissance up Warsaw Inlet and Wilmington River, Georgia. The reports of the War and Navy L)e- jiartments .showed the Union forces, regular and volunteer, seamen and marines, to amount to (582,1)71 men. Gth.—A drafting commission in Nashville for the Confederate army bniken up. 7th.—A band of rebels, at Independence, Mis.souri, captured and paroled several Union citizens, and took the Lexington stage, but after¬ ward released it. A naval engagement took place in Mississippi .Sound, Gulf of Alexico, between two Federal gun-boats and two rebel armed ves.sels, who attempted to run the blockade. Captain Sweeney and his band of n*bbers captured near Glasgow, Missouri. 8th.—Union forces took full j>o3.ses.sion of Port Roy.al Island and the village, of Beaufort, South Carolina. Skirmish at Dam No. 5, near Wil- 1 ian I sport, M ary land. yth.—Confederate works at Free.stone and Shipping Points, on th<» Potomac River, destroyed by the Hotilla. Adjutant llall, of the 27th Missouri, brought into Sedali.a, Missouri, a captured bras.s bund. Tlio Governor of .South Carolina calls for twelve-months men for .State defense. 'I'he Union Indians had a fight with the Confederates, under Colonel Cooper, at Bushy River, in the Indian Territory, 180 miles from Fort Smith. loth.—The Legislature of Tennessee exjiressed a determination to maintain their independence of the old government. nth.—Skirmish at Bertrand, Missouri. Many Indians serving with the Confederates have returned to their allegiance to the Federal Gov¬ ernment, and joined the Union forces ; others have returned to their 'nomes. Naval reconnois-sance in O.s.sabaw Sound, Georgia. Skirmish .at l>am No. 4, near Shar})sburg, Maryland ; the Federals were surrounded and captured. Gre.at fire in Charle.ston. 12th.—Fight at B.agdad, Shelby County, Kentucky. George W. John¬ son appointed Provisional Governor of Kentuckv Ijy the Confederates. Fight on Green River, Kentucky; rebels retired alter firing one round and receiving two. Attempt made to burn Montgomery, Alabama. Kith.—Pai'iinsville and Butler, in Bates County, Mi.s.souri, burned by (he Kansas volunteers. Battle at Camp Alleghan.v, near Staunton, Vir¬ ginia, between General Milroy’s Union force of 7.'>0 men, and General Johnston’s rebel troojis, numbering 2,bOU. The fight lasted from day¬ light till 3 P. M., when the Union troops retired. Itelicl loss, over tsvo li'undred ; Union lo.ss, tlhrtv. The British ship Admiral captureil off Si.vannah, Georgia, while attempting to run the blockade. She was laden with coal and salt. ' lull.—The Earl of Derby suggested to the English Government that 40 niSTORY OF THB WAR. [Dee., 1861. ontTVwd-honml s^hips should Bignalixo any English vessels that war with Aniorica was i>robable. —Coui't-liouse and post-ofFiee, and part of the town of rlatte City, Jlissouri, destroyed by the rebels. Kit'n.—Heurv C. burnett and .Judge Monroe sworn in as Senators of the (lonfederate, Oongros.s, from Kentucky. Mr. Valiandighain, of Ohio, offered, in the National House of Kepresentuti ve.s, a re.solution apiiroving of the act of Captain Wilko.s in seizing Me.ssrs. Ma.son and blidell on board the Trent. lYtb.—Gi-eat excitement in the Unitelaee near Drainesviile, Virginia, between a foraging party', under Brigadier-General (Jrd, and the rebels, under General Stuart. .After a .severe tight of aliout two hours, the rebels retreated, leaving fi-om fifty to seventy-five dead on the field, and a great many wounded,'besides large quantities of war material. Union loss, seven killed and .^ixty wounded. The stone fleet was sunk yesterday and to-day on Charli'.s'ton Bar. 21st.—.Several mail-carriers and rebel agents were arre.sted to-day in the vicinity of Wasliington. Soiitliern papens rejoiced at the prospect of a war between ICnglancl and the United States. - , 22d.—Commissary and ordnance store.s belonging to the Confederates destroyed by fire; lo.ss, §1,000,(KX). General Halleek ordered that any one conviettxl of bridge-burning should be shot; and that neighborhoods should bo held re.-^ponsible for the preservation of railroad and telegraph linos, briiiges, etc. Skirmish at NewpoH News, Virginia. 2;Jd.—Fight in Perry County, Kentucky, between forty-.seven Unionists and one hundred and eighteen Confederates; rebels routed, with sixteen wounded. 21th.—Duty rai.serl by Congress on tea, e.olTee, sugar, and mola.sscs. fieneml Pope’s cavalry destroyed the ferry-boats .at Lexington, UFissoiiri, imd eajitured three ollioers and four men .and their horses. Bluti'ton, South Carolina, occupied bv General .Stevens. 25th.—Two s}’ians of the 'Hannibal and St. Josepli Pailro.ad bridge over Charleston Biver, IMissouri, burned by the rebels. Spirited naval alfiiir at Mobile, between tlie Confederate gim-J)oat Florida and the Union gun- ho.at New London. The Confederate authoritie.s blerv up the light-houso on yrorris Lsland, South Carolina. 2iUh.—.Skirnii.sh at Cohimhi.a, Jventueky; reheks routed and scattered. Genoful Scott arrived in New York from Europe. Bi'iggdici’-GeiioniU Jan., 18C2.] niSTOKr oif Tn« war. 41

ton, ainl succeeded in getting to sea. Bridges on the Balinyra (Missouri) Iviiilroad burned by tlie reljels. 28th.—Fi^lit at Mount Zion, Boone County, Missouri, between 4.'i0 troops, unaer (Teneral i'rentiss, and hOO rebels, under Colonel Dorsey. Une hundred and lifly rebels killed and v\'ounded, and thirty-hve prison¬ ers ; Union loss, three killed and eleven wounded. IS'inety-live horses and lOo guns were captured. The hath Ohio broke up the rebel salt- work.s at Fishing Creek, Kentucky. Mason and tflidell released. A squadron of Union cavalry came suddenly upon a body of 70U of Colo Forrest’s cavalry, near .South Carrolton, Kentucky. They stood ththeir ground for awiiile, but finally retired, with a loss of'one killed and setseven or eight wounded ; the rebels lost about thirty wounded. 2Utn.—Steamer City of Alton narrowly escaped capture at Commerce, Missouri, by a gang of Jetf Thompson’s men, who had previously robbed the town. 3(kh.—The Confederate .Secretary of the Treasury expressed the inatiil- ity of the Confederate .States to meet the deniarnfs of the .State of Ten¬ nessee for sums e.vpended in the war. Jiight-ship used by the rebels off Wilmington, North Carolina, destroyed by a party from the steamer Mount V’ernon. The Secretary of War declined to furnish the corre¬ spondence between (ienerals Scott and Patterson relative to the conduct of the war. 31st.—Biloxi .and its defenses .surrendered to the Federal fleet. The T'ironto Lcailer thought the surrender of Mason and Slidell one of the “greatest collapses since the iK'ginning of time.” I'ho Montreal Gazette spoke of it as a “ bitter, bitter jiill for the fire-eaters to cram down their noi.sy throats.” Specie payments virtually suspended through¬ out the North. .I.vxu.vKV 1, 1802.—Battle on Port Royal Island; Unionists victoriou.s. Fort Pickens opened fire on the Confederate fort.s at Pensacola. Fort Barrancas was breached. Warrington was burned. Mtuson and .Slidell left Fort Warren for Europe. 2d.—.Steamship Jilla Warley ran the blockade into Charleston, with .a valuable cargo and a hearer of atches to the Confederate Covern- inent. Skirmish at Port Royal Ferry, South Carolina. Rebel batterie.s at Cockpit Point, on the Potomac, attacked by the gun-boats Anacosta and Vankee. Fifty of a gang of bridge-burners, under Jetf Owens, were captured near Martinsburg, ^Missouri. ;^fi._Camp of rebels, near llunnewell, Jli.s.souri, broken up, and eight prisoners taken. Big Bethel occupied, its garrison having evacuate

Kentucky. Pkirmish .“nt Pnintsville, Kentucky. The rebels, under lUunphrey Marshnll, lied, after a sliort tight. 8tli.—Captain Latham and seventeen men completely routed a party of thirty guerrillas on the Drv Fork of Cheat River, m Randolph County, Virginia. Battle at Roan’-s Tan-yard, in Randolph County, ISlissouri, between the rebels, 1,000 strong, and the Union forces, numbering 480 men. After half an hour’s feeble resistance, the rebels broke and fled, leaving every thing behind. uth.—Considerable discussion in the United States Senate in regard to the Trent affair. Colonel Anisansel recaptured some military stores at Sutton, Virginia, which had been taken by the rebels. ^Newspapers in Missouri )>ut under a rigid censorship. 10th.—Colonel Garfield, in pursuit of the flying rebels, came up with them this morning at the forks of Middle Creek, near Prestonburg, Kentucky. A tight ensued, which lasted all day, when the rebels fle]>roy>ri- ating S6,900,000 for coast defense. Navigation of the Missiseippi closed, on account of the ice-pack below St. Louis, Missouri. Jan., 1802. J ni.STORY OF THE WAR. 43

ISth.—Ex-President John Tyler died at Richmond, Virginia, in his Beventy-accond year, lie acted the })art of a pcuce-ni;iker fur aonie time, which tailing,^ he joined tlie rebel faction. Tlie gun-boat Coue.stoga ascended the Tenne.Hsce River, to witliin a short di.staace of Eoi’t Henry. An ex{)edition to Bloomfield, Mi.ssoiiri, captured forty rebels, including one LieuUmant-Colonel and four other officers. I'Jlh.—Battle of Mill Sprhiy.—The battle of Mill Spring (or Somerset) commenced this morning at half-past 5 o’clock. The Confederate force.s, under Generals Crittenden and Zollicoti'er, ar the amount, and twenty-five per cent, additional. Another stone lioed J'unk in Matfit’s Channel, Charleston (South Carolina) harbor. 24th.—'I'ho li"ht-boat, near the middle ground, mouth of the Chesa¬ peake, went ashore near Cape Henry, and, with its crew of seven men, was cajitured by the rebels. 2(;th.—Colonels Willich and Starkw’cather made a reconneissanco from Munfordsville to Horse Cave, Kentucky ; Hindman’s rebels were but three miles beyond. Burmside’s expedition passed through Hattei'a.s Inlet. 27th.—Hon. Hamilton Fi.sh and Bi.shon Edward .\mes were appointed commissioners to visit Richmond ami other places where rV.deral prisoners were confined, to relieve their necessities and promote their comfort. The.se commi.ssioners were afterward refused admission into the Confodi'rate lines. Earl Rus.sell protested against British vessels cajiturod while running the blockade being taken into port with the English colors floating beneath that of the Union. Mr. Seward said it w.as done ignorantly, and that orders had been issued to prevent a repeti¬ tion of the act. 28th.'—Reconnois.sances from Port Royal di.scovered the fact that tlie Savannah River could be entered some di.stance above its mouth, which would enable the attacking force to flank FortPuUvski and cut it off' from the city. .Vccordingly, six gun-boats and 2,400 men were sent up to further explore the jias.sage, and enter the river if jiossible. Finding the channels obstructed at their entrance into the river, the expedition returned. 2'Jth.—Lieuten.ant-Colonel Burke and filly men of the 37th New York cajitured a body of Texas Rangers, at a hou.se near Occoquan bridge; not a man e.scaped. Ma.sou and Slidell arrived at Southampton, En- flarid, but were very coldly received by the authorities and the people. laJor-Gcneral Earl Van Dorn assumed command of the Coul'ederata Tr.uis-Misaissippi Department. 44 inSTOKtf OF THE WAR. [Feb.» V862.

•Oth.—Tron-plfttcd steam-batiory Monitoi- lamifhod at Grcenpoint, Jahuid, Now York. (Juplain Joiin Morgan, a notorious relxd gner- rilla°c!Vj)tureil six Union mon at a church near ijobanon, Kentneky. He set tiro to t!ie building, and altcnii)ted to burn one of the men with it, but he managed to o-scapo. Tsvo companies of the 1st Oliio Cavalry Mere sent in })ursuit of Morgan, but he eluded them. 31st.—Mr. Seward ilireeted t!ie ridea.se of all persons t.aken onboard ■^^(isaels running ihe blockade. President I.,incoIn authorised by Congress to take military jio.ssession of all railroads and telegrajih lines in the ihiited States, (iueen Victoria this day declared her purpose to adhere to tiie duties of neutrality in the pre.sent eonilict. Fr.BuiiAiiy 1, 18(12.—At Ltaivemvorth, Kansas, an interview was held between the Commissioner of Indian Atfairs and the chiefs of several loyal tribes of Indians. The chiefs, generally, expressed themselves ready to tight for tlie Union. Skirmish at Bow.ing (lieed, Henlncky ; tlie rebels lost three killed and two wounded ; no Kation.als injured. 2d.—Fight in Morgan County, Tennessee, in which the Unionists were defeated, and fleil, leaving seven dead. .3d.—The government decided that the crews of the capturelo to shake off the feeling of security which had taken possession of them, and to rally as one man to defend the lihorties of the South. It .said : “ If is better to Ji>jht, at the risk of losintj battles, than to remain inactive, to Jill vp iiujlorious tjraves. Itelter that government unci people should be roused to duly by defeat, than that the army should go to sleep, the government dose, and the people grow drowsy in the very jaws of destruc¬ tion.” Skirmish on the banks of the Occoipian, Virginia; no Federala hurt; four relxds wounded, and were carried otf. 5th.—.Je.s.se I). Bright, of Indiana, expelled from the United Skates Senate, for alleged treasonable eori'esfiondence. Brigadier-General Meagher formaliy took command of the Irish Brigade, amid great enthusiasm. The British .schooner Mars, with a loail of salt, captured by the Keystone State, while attemiking to run the blockade, off Fernan- dln.a, Florida. The prohibition of the English Government against the exportation of gunjiowdor, etc., removed. Oth.—liomhardment of Fort Henry.—.\t 12^ o’clock this morning, Com¬ modore Foote opened fire on the fort, at aoont a mile distance, fVom his lleet of seven gun-boats. The fire was replied to by the fort, and severe cannonading ke[)t lip till afinarter before 2 o’clock, when the fort sur¬ rendered to the navy—the land forces, under General ( fi-ant, not having come nj). The fort and i>risoners M’cre handed over to (b neral Grant, M'hen he arrived, which was about an hour aftenvard. By this surrender were cajitured twenty guns and .seventeen mortals, and'vast quantities of store.':, etc., liosides sixty or seventy prisoners, (the main body having escaped,) among whom was Gencr.il Tilghman, tlie eommaixling officer. Congro.ss nirthorized the issue of one luindred and fifty millions of legal- tenilor Treasury-notes. 7th.—General Lauder occupied Romney, the rebels retreating toward Winchester. Bkirmishing in the neighborhood of F'airllax Court-lcsnse, Virginia. Twelve house.s, including three hotels, the railroad depots, etc., at Harper’s Ferry, Virginia, \\a?re fired tliis morning, by Colonel Ge.sry, for liarbormg rebel murdorers, who used a flag of tiuee to covet their designs. Fob., 18C2.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. if)

8th.~IluUJe of lioanoko Island.—The battle which commenced yester¬ day was rcmaveil this moniing. .\t t!ie. close of the liglit last iiig'ht sev¬ eral of the rebel guii-boats had been disabletl, and several of tlieir giin.s disinonuted. J.)uni!g the night Oeneral Jhirnside landed liis trooi^s, about 1,000 strong. In the morning atjont l,0oo jidditional were landed. '1 ho positiott was so well cho.sen, and the titttick so stubbornly resisted, that seveial ot the stronger works had to be etirried at the point of the bayonet. Towatal the elo.se ot' the day, both flanks of the reb('l works being tnrnetl, they surrendered. About ;>,(too jirisoners, si.x forts, moiint- ing forty-two guns, .‘{,000 stand of small arms, and immense iiuantitic.s ol military stores, tell into tin* hands of the Federal forces. The Union loss s\as thirty-five killed ami about two hundred wounded. The Con¬ federate loss was si.xtoen killed and thirty-nine wounded. ■Jth.—lhigadier-r. Ives, a cones]>endent of the New York Herald, sent to Fort Meibany, on charge of l>eing a spy, for violating the rules and regulations of tfio Vv'ar I)epartment. luth.—Part of the fleet which cajitured Fort Henry, immediately after that fight, went up the Tennessee Kiver a.s far as Florence, Ala. It returiied to-daj', alter cajituring ami destroyin" .several ve.ssels and va.st tjuantities of rebel war material. Martial law declared in K.ansas. Com mander Howan, with fourteen gun-boats, engaged the Confederate heel which had escaped from Roanoke, otf Ccjbb's Point, N. C., at six miniit«.>4 past y this morning; and, before lu o’clock, two batteries on shore were silenced. Five of the rebel ves.sels were burned by their own crews, two were abandoned, one was captured, and Elizabeth City surrendered. 11th.—'I’he Sawyer gun, at New port News, burst thi.s afternoon, killing two men, wounding seriously one, and sli'^htly four or five others. Eliza¬ beth City, N. C., occupied m force by the Union troojis. l'.lth.—Ceneral Price, C. S. A., retreated from Springlield, Mo., toward ■\Vilson’s.Creek, leaving a large amount of stores, which were captured by Ceneral Curtis. Colonel Reggins’ e.x})edition returned to Fort llenry, bringing worth of contraband goods, captured at Paris, 'I’enn. Railroad between Danville, Va., and Creenboro, N. C., authorized by the Confederate Congress. Edenton, N. C., oceniiied by an expedition under Eieiitenant Maury, U. ri. N. The attack on Fort Donel.son com¬ menced to-day—the advance of General IMcClernand’s column driving in the relnd pickets. liith.—The Constitutional Convention of West Virginia adopted, as a fumlaniental article of the constitution, that “ No slave or free jierson of ca>lor shall come into this .State, for permanent residence, after this con¬ stitution goes into operation.” Large fire in Bowlins^ Green, Ky., which dostroye^r several large estaldishments. Siiringtiehl, Mo., occupied by the National troops, d'he mouth of the Chesapeake and Albemarle (■anal obi^trueted by Lieutenant Jeffcr.s, U. S. N. Legal-tender Treasury- note bill passed the .Senate, 'j'he army tx?fore Fort Donelson lay <|uict to-day, on account of the non-arrival of the gun-lioats and exiiected rein¬ forcements from Cairo. The gun-l»oat (farondelet, however, amused the garrison for a couple of hours w ith two hundred shots. 11th.—In the British Hou.^e of Lords, Earl Russell declared his approval of the stone blockaile at Charleston harbor. All politimil jirisoners were ordered to be released, on taking an oath not to aid the ndicllion or in any way injure the Federal Government. General L.snder rejiorted sev¬ eral recoimoissanees in the neighborhood of Blooming Gap, Va., which were eminently successful, capturing many prisoners and large quan¬ tities of stores. Hamilton Phsh and Bishop Ames returned to Washing¬ ton, having been refusml admittance within tho Confederate lines, but liuving oiTectod an arrangement lor exchange of prisoners. Four rebels ! 46 HISTORY OF TUB WAR. [Feb., 18C9. killed, four wounded, and three taken prisoner.s, at a skirmish on the Cmiilxn-huid River, near Flat Liek Ford, Ky. liatfle of Fort Donclsou.— At 'I oy'clock to-day tlie.gun-boat.s moved to the attacdc of F’ort Donel- son; and at .3 oddoek the St. Louis opened fire. The tiring was kept up ' vigorously for an hour and a liulf, the water-butteries being sileneed; but the St. ];ouis having received a “ planing .shot” in the ])ilot-house, di.sabling her wheel, and the other ve.sselS having also suffered, Com¬ modore' Foote directed the fleet to drop down the river, and the conte.st ' ceased for the day. Lath.—Early this morning the extreme right of the Union line in front of F'ort Doneison was attacked by a heavy body of the Confederates, who i attempted to (‘Ut tlieir way through. The attack wa.s prom}>tly met; but ■ tho relicts, being reinforced, were successful in }>ushing back the Union¬ ists. Being reinforced in turn, the Federals drove back again. So the battle wavered during the day, until, in tiie afternoon, an assault at the i ])oint of the bayonet was made on the left of the line, (rebel right,) which was gallantly executed, and night found the Union troop.s in possession of ^ the outer lino of fortifications. The batterie.s which had been planted on Venus Island, in yavannah River, by the Federals, were attacked by four rebel gun-ooats, for the purpose of effecting communications with Fort Pulaski. They were unsueces.sful. Bowling Green, Ky., evacuated by the rebels, and occupied by the advance of General Buell’s army, under General Mitchell. R3th.—More newspapers thrown out of the mails. Brigadier-General Price, son of Major-General Price, of the Confederate army, with two other oflicers, captured at Warsaw, Mo. Tennessee Iron-works, near I)over, destroyed by tho gun-boat St. Louis. At daybreak this morniu|» the white flag apjieared on tho ramyiarts of Fort Doneison, in token of .surrender. General Buckner and 15,000 men fell ])risoners to General Grant, be.sidos 20,000 stand of arms and vast quantities of ammunition fell into tho hands of the victors. Generals Floyd and Pillow, with about 5,0(Kl meu, made (heir escape during tho night. 17th.—Great rejoicing all over the North for the victories at Forts Henry and Doneison and Roanoke Island. Battle at Sugar Creek, Ark. The rebels were in ambush. Thirteen Unionists killed and five wounded. Two regiments of rebel Tenuesseeans, unaware of the .surrender of Fort Donel.son, marched into it, to reinforce it. They were captured. Theynumbered l,47u men. The co-partnership heretofore existing under the name of tho Provisional Government of the Confederate States expired this day, by limitation. 18th.—A band of rebehs, under the notorious Quantrell and Parker, were routed at Independence, Mo., with the loss of three killed, and many wounded aiul pri.souers. Federal loss, one killed and three wounded. The Wheeling Constitutional Convention adjourned this evening. The permanent Congress of the Confederate States was organ¬ ized to-day, at Richmond. Thomas S. Bocock, of Virginia, was chosen Speaker oV the House. Rtth.—In the Confederate Congress, Jeff Davis was declared elected President, and Alexander H. i-^tephens Vice-President of the Confeder¬ ate Stab'S, having received all the electoral votes east. The city of Clarksville, Tenn., surrendered to Flag-Officer FWote, without an engage¬ ment. 2Uth.—Fight at Occoquan, Va., between a reconnoitering party on the steamer Ste|)ping-Stone and a party of rebels in ambush; result not known. Burnside’s gun-boats burn the town of Wintou, N. C. 21st.—Battle at F'ort Craig, near Valverde, N. M., between the rebel forces, under Colonel Steele, and the Federals, under Colonel Canby. Tho battle lasted all day, when Colonel Canby was obliged to retreat to the fort, with tlio loss oif 02 killed and 102 wounded. March, ISG2.] HISTOllY CXI*' TIIC WAR, 47

22(1.—The rebel Governor Clarke, of North Carolina, called tipon his people to respond to the calls made upon them for the defense of their State and the Confederate States. Marti.al law declared in West Tennes¬ see. Inauguration of Davis and Stephens. This anniversary of the birth of Washington was celebrated throughout the North with appropriate ceremonies. 2.id.—General Buell took possession of Gallatin, Tenn. General Curtis captured Faj’etteville, .\rk. Tlie rebels fled, in great confusion, acro.ss the Boston Mountain ; not, however, before jioisoning a quantity of bread and meat, which was eaten by the Federal troops. Forty-two offi¬ cers and men were poisoned, some of whom died. Nashville, Tenn., evacuated by the rebels. Before leaving, they destroyed both bridges across the Cuinl)erland River, and committed great dejiredations on the ju'operty of the citizens. Ylth.—Skirmish in the neighborhood of Occoquan. General Banks occupied Harper’s Ferrj". A reconnoissance down the Mississippi di.scovered that the rebels had taken all the flat-boats and skiffs as far up as they dared come, and that there had been a movement among the troops at Columbus. Y'lth.—Communications between Savannah and Fort Pulaski inter¬ rupted by Federal batteries. Nashville, Tenn., was occupied by the advance of (fenerul Buell’s army, under General Wblliam Nelson. All the kdegraph lines in the l05'al States Uken possession of by the govern¬ ment. 2Gth.—Captain Montgomery, with his company, was surprised by about 8.'>0 of McBride’s guerrillas,'who fired into the house occupied by the Federals, killing two and wounding one. One rebel was killed, and the rest tied, taking with them about seventy horses. The President approved the Loan and Treasury bill, and it became a law. The National gum-boat R. B. Forl)es went a.«hore, near Nag’s Head, N. C., and was burned by the crew, to prevent its falling into the hands of the rebels. ‘27th.—iron-clad Monitor went to sea to-day, under the command of Lieutenant Worden. Evacuation of Colunibus commenced to-day. Major-tfeneral Dix and Edward Pierpont were apjiointed commissioner.s to examine the cases of the political pri-soners, and decide thereon, whether they should be release*! or retained in cu.stody. Jeff Davis declared martial law and suspended the writ of haheax corpus in the cities of Norfolk and Port.-mouth, and ten miles .around them. 28th.—The British ship Labuan, with a cargo of blankets, etc., valued at £.‘f;f,

noai’ Edwards’ Ferry, on tlio 23d October. Brunswick, on the coast ol Georgia, taken by C'oiiimodoro Bupont’s tieet. 3d—Colmnhus, Ky., occuitied by the Union troops. It was found entirely deserted, and the town itself almost destroyed. Several gun.s and a large quantity of military 3t(we.s fell into the hands of the Union¬ ists. General Banks occupied Martinsbur" without opposition. An engagement took place at Sykestown, near Aew'IMadrid, Mo., bK'tvveen General Pope’s forces and the re))els. After a fight of two or three hours, the National troops retreated a short distance for the night. Fernandina, Fla., surrendered to the combined military and naval force under Commodore Dupont and General Wright. 4th.—Andrew Johnson appointed Brigadier-General and Military Gov¬ ernor of Tennessee. General Shields a])pointed to the command of General Lander’s brigade. 5th.—General Beauregard assumed command of the Confederate arniy of the Mississippi. Tlie rebel schooner V,hlliam Mallory, of Mobile, captured off .St. Andrew’s Bay, Fla., by the U. S. steamer Water-witch. Governor Picken.s, of South Carolina,*cal)ed upon the people to fill up the five regiments called for by the government of the Confederate States. The Biehmond Dispatch, in a long article, seemed to think that tlic defeats at Donehson and Roanoke would result, ultimately, in much good to the Confederacy, hy inurinej ^is to defeats, which niitsl occur in a war with a power possessed of snjyerior numbers and superior resources of all kinds;" and by slimulatiny enlistments, an-' thus increasiny the value and efficiency of our armies" Bunker Hill, Va., occu])ied by the Union troops. A reconnoitering party \vere fired uj)on by rebels in ambush, near the Occoquan, Va., and two otficers killed and two privates wounded. National jackets at Columbus driven in ))y the rebel cavalry. (ith.—Commencement of the Battle of I’en liidye.—The rebels com¬ menced the attack on the right wing of the Union army, ):»ur.suing Gen¬ eral Bigel’s rear-guard to tfic main lines on Hugar Creek; but, about 4 o’clock in the afternoon, the Union reinforcements coming up, the rebels withdrew, and the action cea.sed. Both armies slept on their -arms during the night. Tlie Confeder-ate Congress }»assed a bill authorizing military commanders to destroy all cotton, tob.acco, or other property about to fall into the hands of the enemy. No compensation was allowed to the owners of such pro])erty. President Lincoln sent -a mes.sage to Congress, advising an act to aid, in a pecuniary way, the several states in emancij)atiug their slaves. Smithfield, Va., occupied in strong force by Union troops. A squadron of the 1st ]\Iiehigan Cavalry surpi’ised a Jiarty of rebel cavalry at Berryvill.e, Va., killing three and capturing nino hor.ses, without the loss of a man. 7th.—Continuation of the Battle of Pea Ridge.—At 11 o’clock the rebels attacked tlie right of the Union lines. The fight was heavy here during the day, and the losses severe. General McCulloch, commanding the rebel forces, fell mortally wounded. Privateer Sumter at Gibraltar, closely watched by the Tuscarora. Considerable fighting on the Poto¬ mac, betw een the licet and rebel batteries at various "points on the shore. Disturbance in Dover, I >el., on account of the refusal of a company of Home Guards to deliver uji their arms to the government. Several of the leaders were arrested, and the town placed under martini law. 8th.—This morning, at sunrise, firing was renewed by the center and right of General Curtis’ fon-es, at Pea Ridge. The fire was leplivd to with great energy by tlie whole rebel line. General Curtis ordered the center and left wing forward—the left turning the right of the enemy. A cliarge then was made by the whole line, which resulted in the eo\n- ]>!eteroutof the rebel forces, and their flight through the dee]> defiles of Big Sugar Creek. The Union loss in this battio was 212 killed, ft2(j woundod, and 174 missing. The rebo' lo.sa was vf ry heavy, btit waj» March, 1SG2.] mSTOKr Oi-' Tllld WAR. 4U

never renlly known. Morgan’s rel>el cavalry att;i('ko

The rebels replied with their heavy guns fi’om the land and the tleet. The Union Ibrees continued to close around tlie garrison; and the fear of an a.ssiuilt the next morning caused them to lly during the night. Hth.—The appearance of thing.s at New Madrid, when the army marched in, sliowed that the rebels lleack half a mile. '1 hey rallied, and in turn drove the Unionists Ijack. General Shields ordered the lott flank turned, which was done in gallant style. Both sides lought desperately, until 3 P. M., when a panic seized tlie rebels, April, 18G2,] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 51

find they fled toward Strasbnr*<. Union loss, 115 killed and 450 wounded. The rebels acknouledged a loss of 800 killed, vvoundeoiinds of cured hams and bacon and 1,500 pounds of pork captured at A’icholas Landing, on the Ten- uessee. 24tli.—llovtbnrdinenl of hland No. 10 slill coulinued. 2.‘)th.—Kortitications on Skiddaway and Green Islands, in Warsaw Sound, aliandonetl by the rebels, were blown up, in'order (d' (Commodore Lupont. Washington, N. G., surrendered to General Hurnside. 2t;th.—Two hundred of tiuantrell’s men were repulsed in an attack on Warrensburg, IMo., by sixty Union troops, under Major Foster. Tho rebels lost nine men killed, seventeen wounded, and twenty-live horses ; two Unionists killed and eleven wounded. .-V band of 50i> to 800 rebel.s .attacked four eomjianies of .State militia at llermansville. Mo., but were rejatlsed, with a loss of fifteen killed and a large number wounded; a number of Unionists were wounded. Skirmish at MeMinnville, Tenn.; rebels defeated. The advance of a body of Union troops, under Colonel J. P. Slough, eti roulu for New Mexico, met and attacked a force of 250 Confederate cavalry ; and, after a short engagement, took lifty-seven of them prisoners. 27th.—Ashby’s cavalry attacked the Union cam)) at .Slrasburg, killing one man and wounding another. They wore tinaily driven otf. Big Bethel was occupied by a reconnoitering party, the rebels evacuating as it approached. Cavalry .skirmish near Dumfries, Va. 2.8th.—\ tight took place at A}>ache Canon, near Santa Fe, N. M., between 1,300 Unionists, with six pieces of artillery, under Colonel J. P, Slough, and 2,000 Texans, with one piece of artillery, who were in ambush. Colonel Slough attacked the Texans in front, while Major Chivinghin, with a jiart of the force, attacked them in the rear. The tight lasted until 4 o’clock, when Hags of truce were interchanged to bury the dead and care for the wounded. The rebels lost their entire tram, comjirising 01 wagons and 230 mules; alxnit 150 killed, 200 wounded, and 03 })ri.sonera. The Union loss was 20 killed, 54 wounded, and 35 pri.soners. Morgan’s rebel cavalry captured and destroyed a train on the Louisville .and Nash¬ ville Railroad. Captain i’arker’s guerrillas defeated near Warrensburg, jlo. ; 15 killed and 21 prisoners. 20th.—Middlebujg, Loudon County, Va., occupied by Colonel Geary; the rebels retreating ])recii)itately after a short skirmish. olst.—.Major-General Hunter .as.sumed command of the Department of the South. Coloiu‘1 N. B. Buford, with a force of infantry, cavalry, and artillery, cupture

White Plains, Va.; but the Colonel became apprised of their intention, and moved to Tliorougldare Gap, and thus frustrated Ihcir designs. A battalion of llie. 2d Jlliiajis (Javalry were surroundeil by a body of Confed¬ erate troojis, but they cut their way out, indicting a loss on the rebels of-49 kille00 dead on the field. The gun¬ boat Pittsburg ran the blockade of Island No. 10 last night. Four steam transjiort.s and five barge.s wo'c got througli fhe canal, which had been cut o)ii>osito the island, by Golonel BisselPs engineer corps. This morn¬ ing a detachment crosse

The whole force captured was 2,^3 officers (ineluding four Generals) and ov(>r (j,UUO )>riv:ites; lii,nuo stand «)f anus, 2,(100 horses and nudes, l,out) wagons, and ^o,noi) worth of j)rovisious were takiui. Jeff Davis pro¬ claimed martial law and suspended the writ of lutbeas corpus in Kast Tennessee. IMonterey, Va., occupied by General Milroy. jS'ational Tax bill passed the House by 12o to 13. 9th.—(Ireat rejoicing on account of the recent victorie.s. Skirmish at Whitemarsh Island, Ga. The Unionists were defeated, with a loss of twenty men; the Confederates lost tive. Jacksonville, Fhi., was evacu¬ ated by the ^National troojis, under General Wright. They brought otf every thing. General Prentiss (a prisoner) made a Union speech in IMeniphis. loth.—President Lincoln recommended the jieojile, on the next day of worship, to give thanks to .-Mmighty God for the recent victories. 11th.—Surrciulcr of Fort J’ulaski.—Yesterday the fort was summoned to surreiKler, but refused. The bombardment immediately commenceil, and continued A'igorously through tJie day. At night new’liatteries were ]»lanted, and this morning breaches were discovered in the south-east lace of the fort. The bombardment was continued vigorously, and, at eighteen minutes jiost 2 o’elocdc, the fort surrendered. 47 guns, 7,(m»0 shot anil shell, 4u,(J(KJ pounds of powder, and 385 pri.soners were taken with tlie fort. The Union loss was but one man killed and one .slightly wounded ; the Confederates laid three severely wounded. Skirmish near Yorktown, Va. The bill abolishing slavery in tho District of Columbia passed the Hou.se by ‘J.1 to 39. Huntsville, Ala., occu]>ied by General Mitchell. The town w’us surjirised, and two trains, just starting ea.st- ward, w ere stopped. Seventeen locomotives, 15o cars, and 17U prisoners were captured in the town. 12th.—The 1‘Jth Houth Carolina Regiment mutinied and refused to leave the Htate. Up to this date tifly-eight vessels had run the blockado into 8outheni ports. An expedition*from Huntsville went to Stevenson, on the rdemjdiis and Charleston Railroad, and ca})tured ‘i,0(K.) prisoners, five locomotives, and a large amount of rolling stock. Another exj)edi- tion went to Decatur, on the same road, and arrived in time to save tho railroad bridge, which had been fired by the rebels. Commodore Footo’.s fleet sailed for Fort Pillow, Tenn. 13th.—Rebel schooner Selma was captured on its way to Baltimore to-day with a large rebel mail. A party of 4,(mk> men, from Pittsburg Jjand'ing, went up the river to Ea.stport, Miss., and then inland to Bear Creek, and destroyed two bridges on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad. Naval fight at Needham Cut-ott, on the Mississippi; the Confederate fleet wa.s forced to retire. The Union fleet arrived before Fort Wriglit, Tenn. 14th.—Bombardment of . \ feconnoitering fleet went up the Rappahannock to near Fredericksburg. 15th.—Simon Cameron, late Secretary of War, arrested, at the suit of Pierce Butler, for false imprisonment. * Rebels driven out of their works at Gloucester, opposite Yorktown. Continued skirmishing in front of Yorktown. Battle at Peralto, Te.xas, between General (.‘anby and the Texans. The rebels were defeated. Union lo.ss, twenty-tive killed and wounded. Kith.—President Lincoln signed the bill abolishing slavery in the Dis¬ trict of Columbia. Skirmish .at Savannah, Tenn.; rebels defeated, witlj the loss of five killed and .sixty-five wounded. Fight at Wilmington N. C. The rebels surpri.sed the’Union troops, but they rallied, and the rebels fell b.ack to their batteries. Sixty-one of Ashl'iy’s cavalry were captured this morning and carried into Woodstock, Va. Fight at I;ee s Mills, Va. Tho Union ))oaition on the Warwick River, near Yorktown, was attacked ; tho rebels were rejnilBod, and driven from their iulreuchod 54 HISTORY OF TIIR WAR. hlpril, 1S63. position; but, in tlie end, the Unionists were coinpellod to retire. Loss —Union, 35 killed, 120 wounded, and 0 j.'-isoners; robels, 20 killed, 75 wounded, and 5o jiri.soners. 17th.—Geneiiil Bunks occupied Mount Juckson, Vu. A strong recon- noitering i)urty was .sent outlVoin Pittsburg Jjanding, in the direction of Corinth. They returned with scarcely any loss. General Banks took B'ew Market, Va. Ibth.—Fredericksburg snrrendorod to General .Augur. A I’ebel force made a stand at Falmouth, opi)osito Fredericksburg, but were driven across the river, and the city capitulated. Flag-Utticer Farragut, with the National fleet, coininenced the bombardment of Forts Jackson and Bt. Philip, on the Mi.s.sissippi, below New Orleans. loth.—Camden, N. C., occupied by General Reno, after a sharp skirm¬ ish with the rebels. The Union troops afterwai'd retired to the main army at Newberu. The rebels lost sixty men in the enjfagement; the Nationals, twelve killed and fortj’-eight wounded. Rebel troops driven from Edisto Island government jil.antations. A portion of General McDowell’s corps m.arched into Fredericksburg. 20th.—General Jackson’s flight from the Bhen.andoah Valley to Gor- donsville confirmed by General Banks’ .scouts. 21st.—General Milroy overtook and jHirsned the rear-guard of the relxjl cavalry at Buthilo Gap, Va. Bhip R. C. F'iles captured while attempting to run the blockade of .Molalo, Ala. 22d.—Skirmish at Lee’s Mills, Va.; three Unioni.sts killed. Confed¬ erate Congress adjourned, to meet in August. U. S. steamer Yankee reached Fredericksburg, having jia.s.sed all obstructions in the river. Colonel Donnelly, of General Banks’ force, occupied Ilarrodsburg, Va. 23d.—Colonel Downey fought a scjuad of rebels at Gra.ss Lick, not far from Romney, Va. ; they took refuge in a liou.se, w Inch Colonel Downe- burned, and cajkured live prisoners. Several rebels were killed and wounded. National troops lost three killed. 24tli.—Yorktown, Va., shelled by one of the Union gun-boats. She fired several shots during the day, but they were not answered. A recon- noitering Jiarty from Pitt-sbnrg Landing went to Pea Ridge, Tenn., where they found 3,IK)U or 4,000 rebels in line of battle. They lied at tlie first fire of the artillery, leaving every thing behind them. ’ The reVad salt¬ peter works at Yell ville. Ark., destroyed. Dismal Swamp Canal destroyed t>y Commodore Rowan. Commodore Farragut, having ixnnbarded Forts Jackson and St. Philip unsuccessfully for si.x days, decided to run the gauntlet with his fleet. They started early in the morning, and suc¬ ceeded in ])a.ssing tlie forts with very little d-nniitge. They were then attacked by the rebel fleet, and a desperate fight ensued. Tliirleen Con¬ federate gun-boats and three trans))orts were destroyed ; and one Union vessel WHS sunk, lighting to the la.st. The fleet eaiiie to anchor witliin twenty miles of New Grleans. The Confederate loss w'as 185 killed, 197 wounded, and 400 j)risoners. The Union loss was 30 killed and 119 wounded. 25th.—The city of New' Orleans summoned to surremler. The forts on Luke Pontcluirtrain, in rear of New Orleans, ev.acuated. Fori Macon honibardt-il.—d'hree Union b.atteiies being plauted, they commenced the bombardment in eon)unction with the tleet, which lastbcl all day. 2iUh.—.At 10 .A. M. Fort Macon surrendered to the combineil forces of Commodore Lockwood and General Burnside. Pi>'sident Lincoln went on board the Fiench frigate Gassendi, he being the first President to visit a foreign man-of-war. lie was received with the same honors paid to the Emperor of France. Conii)any II, of tlie 1st Massachusetts, .^lonned and carried an advance work of the Confederates at A'orktown, Va. 'I'lu'y took fourteen ]>risoners, ami lost three killeil :ind thirte(>o wuundotl. 'I'hc work wiis destroyed, Sovend capturos of blockada May, 1803.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 55

runners by the fleet. Fight at Neo.sho, Mo., between M.ajor TTnbbnrd men of the Ist Mi.'

commund ronohod Franklin, West Virginia, by forced m.arehcH. Now Orleans Vi-escf.nl suppressed by General lUuler. 'I’he rebel anne*l steamer Planter, run out of Charleston by a colored ]iilot and crew, sur rendered to the U. iS. steamer Au^'usta. isutfolk, Va., occupied. Skinn ish at Monterey, Tonn. General Putler prohil)ited the observance of a tiist-d.ay as a))j)ointed hy one JeffersoH Davis." Natchez surrenderoil to Coiunmnder Palmer, of the Iroquois. General Negley oeciqiicd Kodgersville, in Northern Abbaina, and drove the rebels across the river. 14th.—Skirmish at Trenton Bridge, N. C.; a rebel lieutenant and eight men killed. The rebel steamer Alice captured uj) the Roanoke River, near Williamstown. She had on board the church-bells of Plymouth N. C., which were to be cast into field i)ieces. l.Oth.—Seventeen men of General Geary’s command, at Ijoudon, Va., guarding company stores, resisted an attack of a body of rebel cav;drv variou.«!ly estimated at from 8(H) to 6(Xi. The guard were finally over- ])Oweroa; one was killed and fourteen taken prisoners. The rebels re¬ treated as the main body came up. Tlie gun-boats Galena, Monitor. Aroostook, Naugatuck, and Port Poyal repulsed from Fort Darling. 'I'lie Naugatuck’s lOO-pounder Parrott gun exploded at the fir.st fire. Great excitement in Richmond on the advance of the Army of the Potomac. Skirmish at liatesville, Mo. Re'oels repulsed, losing three jn-isoners. Kith.—(ieneral Butler suppressed the New Orleans lice, and took mill lary pos.session of the Delta office; he also issued an order prohibiting the circulation of Confederate notes. Darien, Ga., iKunliarded by Union gun-boats; no damage done. The rebel conscrijAion not went into operation. 17th.—Surrender of Galveston, Texas, dem.anded. The Foderol army advanced toward Corinth ; severe skirmishing. The advance of the Army of the Potomac reached Bottom’s Bridge, fifteen miles from Rich¬ mond. 18th.—One hundred and fifty Feder.als and 600 rebels had a fight ncai Sea,rcy, .■Vrk.; the latter were routed, leaving 150 on the fiehl. Fight at Princeton, Va. The Unionists lost 80 killed and 70 wounded. Sur render of Vicksburg demanded. 19th.—General Stoneman’s cavalry advanced to within fourteen mile.s of Richmond. General Hunter’s })roclamation of emancipation repudi¬ ated by the President. Lieutenant Whitesides, with eight men of the Gth Cavalry, captured 100 mules belonging to the rebels, en route to Ri

McClellan’s army crossed the Chickahominy at Bottom’s Bridge and New Bridge. lidd.—Colonel Kenley, commanding Front Boyal, Va., was driven tlicnco by a largo force of rebels, under Ewell. The Union loss was very lieavy. Caj)tafn Tilford, with 40 men, fought 200 Texans for three hours, seven miles from Fort Craig, N. I\i., but was finally obliged to retreat to the fort, with the loss ol three wounded. Battle of Lewis- burg, Va. 3,0uu Confederates, under General Heath, attacked two regi¬ ments, under Colonel Crook. After a spirited fight of an hour, the rebels were routed in utter eonfusiion; thirty-eight dead and sixty-six wounded were left on the field; 100 prisoners, ;100 stand of arms, and four jiieces of artillery were cajitured. Union loss, ten killed and forty wounded. Grand Gulf, Miss., shelled. _ _ 21th.—Skirmish near Fort Pillow. The gun-boat Benton joined in the fight; after a short engagement she retired. Skirmish at Cold Har¬ bor, near New Bridge ; sixty or seventy rebels were killed, fifteen wounded, and thirty-seven taken prisoners. General Stoneman, with the advance of the Army of the Potomac, penetrated as far as Mechanicsville, five miles from Richmond. 'J’he British steamer Stettin captured while attemiding to run the blockade of Charleston. Skirntishing daily near Corinth and Richmond. United States brig Bainbridge captured the steamer Swan otf the coast of Cuba. She h.ad l.txX) bales of cotton and 8U0 barrels of rosin on board. The expenses of the army, since April 1, has averaged §1,000,000 per d.ay. The 800 men sent to the aid of Colonel Kenley were, with the exception of 150, all captured. General Banks reached Winchester, on his retreat from Strasburg. 25th.—General Banks was again attacked by Generals Jackson and Ewell witli 15,000 men. General Banks’ force was but 4,tX)0 strong. The government called for more troojis. General McDowell encamped six miles from Fredericksburg, on his way to Richmond. Reconnoissahee, by the gun-boat Kennebec, of the works .at Vicksburg, Jliss. '2Gth.—7th New York Militia left New York for Wasliington, in answer to the call for troops to defend the Capital. General lianks reached Williamsport, Md. In his whole retreat he lost but 50 wagons out of 500; 35 miles were traversed in one day. Confiscation bill passed the House. The British steamer Parras captured otl'Charleston ; she was loaded with ordnance and medical stores. 27th.—Fitz-John Porter defeated the rebels at Hanover Court-house, killing 100 and capturing 500. Bombardment of Fort Pillow resumed. Norfolk Day-Book suppre.ssed, by order of General VieR. General Sigel called to Washington. 28th.—Women and children moved from Richmond. Governor Stanley closed the colored schools at Nowbern. The U. S. mail steamer Northern Light captured the rebel .schooner Agnes H. Ward. She was laden with cotton, turi)entine, and tobacco, and was flying the rebel flag. She was taken to New York. Charleston and Savannah Railroad, at Pocotaligo, S. C., destroyed, by order of Colonel Christ. Pierre Soule arrested in New Orleans'by General Butler. Skirmish at Cache River Bridge, Ark.; i-ebels routed and pursued .several miles. Reeonnoissance in force at Corinth; rebels driven back with considerable loss. They left 30 dead on the field ; Union loss was 25 killed and wounded. General Banks wa.s largely reinforced. 2‘Jth.—English steamer Elizabeth captured by the gun-boat Keystone State oil’ Charleston. Some Federal cavalry dashed into Ashland, Va., in time to capture a large train with (piarter-master and commis.sary stores. Near the ‘‘Seven Pines” tlie rebels attacked General Casey’s piclvcta at sunrise thi.s morning; the pickets were driven back, but, being reinforced, regained their former ]>osition. The New Orleans Bee r.esumed publication, having made e.xDlan dious to General Butler. The Jiine, 18G2.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 59

6Ui Cavalry hnrneicd Corinth. Severe .skirmi.sliing on the Chickahoiuiny. Fn>nt Royal reoccupied. Ceneral .Ia< k.son jnade an attempt to dislodge the rs'ational forces at Harper’s Ferry, but was I’epulsed. The Khglisli iron steiuner Cambria arrived at Iscw York, a prize to the gun-boat Huron. She was loaded with war iruiterial. 3lst.—A l)ody of ‘200 or .iOO Illinois volunteers, under Captain Richard¬ son., attacked a force of 5(Ni Indians and rebels at Neo.sho, Mo., but wore compelled to fall liack to Mount Vernon. Tlie Federal !o,«s was ‘2 killed, 3 wouniied, .50 hor3e.s, and a lot of camp equi}>age, etc. The reliel schooner Cora captured off Charleston by the Keystone State. The gun¬ boat Kennebec arrived at Baton Rouge, La. Inght near Wasliington, K. C. General Banks advanced beyonaMartinsburg. Little Rock, Ark., occupied by the Union troojis. (Jominenvemettt of the Hatties before liich- wond.—.\t 10 o’clock tliis morning, taking advantage of a heavy .storm w hich had flooded the valley, the main body of the rebels, under General Joe Johnston, attacked the'Union advance'which had crossed the river at Fair Oaks and Seven Pines. General Casey’s division was overpowered and fell back. General Couch’s division came to the rescue, and checked the further advance of the relwls. The tight wa.s desperate, and lasted until night. The rebels occupied the groumi they had won. JuMB 1, 1802.—The battle of Fair Oaks was resumed this morning at daylight, and continued all day. In one of the brilliant bayonet charge.s made by the Union troops the rebels were driven back toward Richmond. The Union loss in this battle was 890 killed, 3,(327 wounded, and 1,217 missing. The rebels acknowledged a loss of 8,000, including five Gen¬ erals. They left 1,‘200 dead on tlie field. General Fremont’s advance occupied StVashurg, Va., without opposition. Brigadier-General Wright cro.s.sed from PIdisto Island, 8. C., to the main-land, the rebel pickets retreating. I'’ortifications and barracks at Pig Point, Va., destroyed. 2d.—.V rel>el gun-boat vi.sited Ju<*k.sonport, Ark., and destroyed a quan¬ tity of cotton and molasses. Union meeting in Colnmbi.a, Tenn. Kew’ York Fire Zouaves mustered out. General Hunter’s force, oj>erating against Charleston, landed on James Island without opposition. Skirmisli at Washington, N. C.; three of the Fe.derals were taken prisoners. Gen¬ eral P’remont defeated General Jackson near Strasburg. 3d.—General Robert E. Lee placed in command of the rebel army at Richmond. General Hooker, reconnoitering, reached a point within tour miles of Richmond. Genenil Sigel a.ssumed command at Harper’s Ferry. 4th.—General Halleck reported that General Pope was 30 miles .south of Florence, .Ma., with 40,ooo men, and pushing the enemy hard. Ho had cai)tured 10,000 prisoners and 15,000 stand of arms and 9 rocomotives. Fort Pillow (or Wright) evacuated by the. rebels and occufiied by the Union forces: the fleet steamed directly for Memphis. Pdght at Jasner, Tenn.; rebels defeated. 1,000 pri.soners taken at Shiloh rcpoi-ted at Nashville, having been paroled by the rebels because they were unable to feed them. 5th.—Volunteer recruiting .service reopened in the North. The rebel artillery endeavored to prevent the building of a new bridge over the Chickahominy ; they were compelled to desist. The Chickahominy rose, to an unprecedented hight by heavy rains. Union fleet arrived beforo Memphis. Cth.—Brilliant naval fight on the Mississippi River, near Memphis ; the rebel fleet was almo.st entirely destroyed. After the battle Memphis was surrendered. General Fremont’s army resehed Ilarri.sonburg, Va., dmve the relx'ls out, and captured their can'ip. T.ax bill passed the Senate by 37 to 1, (Powell, of Kentucky.) General McClellan’s army crossed tho Chickahominy. 60 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [June, 18G2.

7tl\.—Union meeting in Shelbyville, Tenn. Willinm Mumford, n citi¬ zen of New Urlenns, lumg by order of General Jfntler, for j)ulllng down the American Hag from the mint after tlie city had surrendered. Mein])his formally occnpieii by tlio military forces. Rebel batteries at Cliattanooga silenced. {jth.—Battle of Crons Keys, T'rt.—General Fremont attacked Stonewall Jackson at Gross Keys, seven miles from Harrisonburg, Va., at this monimg, and drove him out after a severe light. The Union loss was about tido killed, wounded, and missing ; the rebel loss was tmknown, as they carrieil off their dead and a ounded. The rebel General Ashbj- was killed in this engagement. A reconnoitcring jiarty from James Island, S. G., drove the rebels a distance of two miles, and penetrated to within three miles of Charleston. General .Jackson, in his retreat, came njion the ailvance of General Shields’ division at Port Republic, Va. After a hard tight tlie advance fell back, and the rebels continued their retreat. Genenn Halleck occr.[>ied Grand Junction, Tenn. General Beauregard had retreated fifty miles from Corinth. 10th.—The fight on Janies Island, S. C., lasted two hours; the rebels were defeated. They lost 17 killed, oO wounded, and six prisoners ; Union loss, killed and Ih wounded. General Fremont’s army reached Port Itepublic, Va. The rebels kept up a cannonading at Savage’s Station, Va., without etfect. 11th.—‘25 were captured near Montgomery, Ky., and carried to Louisville. The Union loss in the fight was two killed. Gen¬ eral Hindman threatened to hang every Federal soldier he caught if General Curtis hanged certain jiersons as outlaws. Four guns cajAured by the Union troops at James Island, S. C. Rebel schooner Princeton captured. 12th.—Fight near Village Creek, Ark.; rebels defeated, losing 28 killed, wounded, and prisoners; Union loss, 1 prisoner and 12 wounded. Skirm¬ ishing on the Chickahorniny. General Fremont occupied Mount Jack son, Va. The Confederates evacuated Cumberland Gap. 13th.—.300 rebels burned a chapel and dwelling-house, and killed and wounded a number of negroes, on Hutchinson’s Island, 8. C. On the approach of the U. S. steamer Dale the rebels fled. General IMcClellan’s jackets driven in from Old Church. Federal flag raised at Gretna, La., amid p-eat rejoicings. Another fight on .James Island; relxils defeated, with a loss of li) killed and 6 wounded; Union loss, 3 killed and 19 wounded. 14th.—Captain Atkinson and 20 men of the loth Indiana captured 6,200 pounds of powder .at Sycamore Mills, 30 miles from Nashville, Tenn. 15th.—Rebel General J. E. B. Stuart made a cavalry raid through the lines of the right wing of the Union army, and burned two .schooners on the Pamunkey, at Garlick’s Landing; afterward he fired on a railro.ad train, but failed to cajiture it; he then went around the left w'ing and entered Richmond to-day. Considerable activity manifested in the rebel lines to-day. The Monitor arrived at City Point. 16th.—Tire Union troojis were repulsed in an attack to dislodge the rebels in their intrenched position at Seecssionville, on James Island; Union loss, 68.5 killed, wounded, and missing. The rel>els attempted to flank a portion of the Union troo}>s at htair Gaks, but were repulsed. 17th.—Major-General Hindman, of the rebel army in Arkansas, called ujion all citizens to form companies for home defense, and to harass the Federal trooj's in their operations. Batteries at City Point, Va., silenced, fl'he gun-boat Mound City blew- up in an attack on a rebel battery at St. Charles, on White River, Ark. But 10 out of 175 comjiosing tlie crew escaped ; many were shot by the rebels while in the water. The battery was captured, the rebels losing 125 killed and 30 wounded. The stage from Fort Scott was sto)>ped near Kansas City, Mo., and robbed; the express ageufs trunk, coutaiuing $10,000, was thrown aside as wortliless. June, 1SG2.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 61

18th.—Major Zeley and a party of Union troops captured (he rebel Captain Jones amt 14 of his men near Smitliville, Ark.; Union loss, two killed and four wounded. Skirmish at Tallahatchie, Fla. An e.xpedi- iion, under Colonel Kimball, from Is'ew (Jrleans, di.spersed a band of rebel.s at Manchac, La. They left everything. The bridge at Jlancdiao I’ass was burned by the ejcj^editioii. Emancipation bill pa.ssed the House by 82 to 54. TJth.—Daily skirmishing by the Army of the Potomac. Schoorjcr Loui.sa, with a cargo of cotton, a steam tug-boat, and two Hat-boats loiuled with rice, were captured in the Santee River by a boat’s crew Irom the Albatross. 20th.—General Sherman’s command occupied Holly Spring.s, Miss.; the relx.'ls had removed their armory to .Vtlanta, Ga. Tlic brig Yankee IMade arrived in New York from New (Jrleans, laden with sugar, molasses, and cotton. She was the lirst arrival .since the remi.ssion of the blockatle. Pre.sident Lincoln approved the bill prohibiting slavery in the Territories of the United States. 2lst.—Lar^e and enthusia.stic Union meeting at New Orleans. Skirm¬ ishing at Battle Creek, Tenn. Fight near Fair Oaks, Va.; rebel.s repulsed with "rent loss; Union loss, two killed and seven wounded. Fight at Simoivs Blutf, S. C. Captain Keenan, with two companies o^ cavalry, pivsscd the rebel pickets and reached the James River. 22d.—A detachment of the 0th Illinois Cavalry captui’ed, at Coldwater Station, M. ami T. Railroad, 25 men and 20,000 pounds of bacon. Three men were killed and eight wounded by the rebels firing on a train con¬ taining a party of the 8th Vermont Regiment, on a reconnoissance from Algiers, l^a. 2Jd.—Martial law established in Norfolk and Portsmouth. General Casey apjiointed to superintend the removal of the stores, etc., from White House, })rior to General McClellan’s change of Ijase. 24th.—General Earl Van Dorn a.ssumed command of the District of I.ouisiana. The troops at Harper’s Ferry commenced to fortify Bolivar Hights. 2.5th.—General Hooker’s division of the Army of the Potomac fought the rebels for seven hours at Oak Grove, Va., and drove them back ; Union lo.ss was over 200 in killed and wounded. General McClehan com¬ menced his change of base of ojierations to the James River. Two schooners, GO bales of cotton, 200 barrels of turpentine, and 50 barrels of resin were burned at Little River Inlet, S. C., by two armed boats from the Monticello. General Butler confiscated all the property of David E. Twiggs, late of the U. S. army. Lhiion ram fleet arrived off Vicksburg, and communicated with Commodore Fari-agut. Jackson’s rebel cavalry visited plantations in the neighborhood of iMemphis, and destroyed large quantities of cotton. General Williams, with four regiments of infantry and two batteries of artillery, arrived at Vicksburg to-day, A train of cars, with provisions, on the Memphis and Ohio Railroad, was captured oy the rebels; they destroyed the locomotive, burneil the car.s, and killed ten men. 20th.—Porter’s mortar fleet .shelled the rebel batteries at Vicksburg for three hours to-day. The forces of Generals Fremont, Bank.s, and Bid )ow- ell were consolidated in one army corps, under command of Ma,jor-Gen- eral Pope. Lieutenant-Colonel hillet, of the ram fleet, went up the Yazoo River after some rebel ve.ssels. The rebels fired them and .sent them down the stream, compelling Colonel Ellet to retreat. Rebel schooner Zaidee, instead of running the bloekadtt, ran ashore and was burned. Ra«/e c/Jfec/iaMtcsfR/c.—Tlie fight commenced at noon, by an attack of the rebel forces, commanded by General Lee in person, in overwhelming numliers, on General McCall’s division. It lasted till night, increasing in fury as it progressed, and was one of the hardest and most terrific battles C2 HISTORY OF THE UAR. [July, 1862. of the campaign. The Union loss wa.s 80 killed and about loO wounded ; the rebel loss was rejiorted at 1,000. 27tli.—'■J'he canal intended to isolate Vicksburg from the Mississippi Hi ver, and to alter the passage of the boats, was commenced to-day, under the sui)enntendenee of Brigadier-General Williams. The fleet renewed the bombardment of the batteries. A skirmish took place at Williams’ Bridge, on the Amite River, La.; Colonel Keith’s 21st Indiana defeated trie rebels; returning to Baton Rouge, he encountered and defeated another body of rebels. General Fremont was relieved of bis command at his own request. The British steamer Modern Greece ran aground near Port Fisher, N. G.; she was laden with munitions of war. The municipal government of New Orleans suspended by (General tihiplev, military commandant. Battle of Gaines' Milts.—The Uninn forces made a stand'here, and were attacked by greatly superior forces of the rebels, who attempted, by massing them in various jilaees, to break the Federal lines, but they were cliecked in every instance ; until, finally, they broke the Union left wing, when the troops, finding themselves outflanked, fell hack, but the advance of the rebels was checked by the arrival of fresh troops. Night closed the battle. The Union troops crossed to the south side of the river. Both sides lost very heavily. The Union dead were estimated at 300, and the wounded were innuinerable. 4,000 prisoners were reported lost on that day. White House, Va., was evacuated by General lAIcClellnn, and all the .stores which could not be removed were ordered to be destroyed. Severe fight at Village Creek, Ark. The Union forces, under Colonel Bracket, of the 0th Illinois Cavalry, finding it impossible to dislodge the rebels, who were strongly posted, withdrew, losing 1 killed and 31 wounded. 28th.—Skirmish with the Indians near Rocky Ridge, Utah; two white men and one Indian were killed. General Hindman burned the railroad 'nridge at Madis#n, ,\rk., to prevent its u.se by General Ctirtis. Battle of the Chickaliomiuij, Fa.—Fitz-John Porter’s eorjis bore the brunt of the day’s fight. Commodore Farragut reported that the Union fleet passed up*above Vicksburg, silencing the rebel batteries, and that he had com¬ municated with General Halleck and Commodore Davis. 2hth.—The British steamer Ann was cut out from under the guns of Fort Morgan by the PT. S. steamer Kanawha. Battle of Beach Orchard and Savage's Station.—The Conteder.atcs still pressed on the Union troops, who reserved their fire until the rebels M'ere within close range, when they fired with terrible etfeet. General Burns’ brigade of Sumner’.s corps bore the hottest of the fight. Sumner held the rebels in check until night. Ashby’s cavalry eajdured Moorefield, Va., and made ])risoner.s of a company of the Maryland Home Guard. Bombardment of Viedvsburg continued. .30th.—Battle of Whilc-oalc Stcamp.—This fight lasted nearly the whole day. As the troops ne.ared the James River, the gun-boats opened fire and caused great havoc in the rebel ranks ; they were again checked, and night closed the battle. John W. Andrews, of New Orleans, w’as sen¬ tenced to two years’ close confinement at hard labor on the fortifications at Ship Island, and allow'cd no communication with any one, for publicly showing a cross which he boasted wars made of the bones of a Y.ankee soldien Fidel Keller and Mrs. Phillips w'ere sent to Ship Island for simi¬ lar desecrations. The U. S. steamer Sagamore m.ade an attack on the town of Tampa, Fla., and silenced the jn’otecting batteries, but finally she retired. Jm.Y I, 1862.— Battle of Malvern Hill.—The Federal army reached the cover of the gun-boats on James River, and took up a po.«ition on Mai vern Hill, where they were vigorously assailed by the whole Confederate army, who were repulsed at all points. The battle raged till dark. The loss in these battles is set down at 1,005 killed, 7,701 w ounded, and 5,953 July, 1862.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 03

mis-sing—total, l.".2‘24. The rebel lo.ss wa.s never fully known, but wa.alients had been removed to Evansville, Jiul. Tlie rebel Colonel Morgan cut the telogra{)h wire and tore up the railroad at Mi

17th.—Goneml Pojie’s oiivnlry oocuj)iP(l GoMonfivlllel steamer Reli.ance, with a large cargo of cotton, captured by the Huntsville. John B. Phelps created Military Governor of .Arkansas. *2‘2d.—Convenlion for tlie exchange of prisoners; General Dix, for the Federals, and (feneral U. H. Jlill, for the Confederates, agreed on a h.asis of exchange. A body of guerrillas burned the commissary and quarter¬ master’s warehouses, and all the cotton, at Florence, .Ala. ; they took also the steamer Colonna, and robbed and burned her ; they then visited Chickasaw, Eastport, .and Waterloo, and burned all the cotton they could find. Sixty wagon-loads of stores cajitured by the rebels near Pittsburg Landing. The Union ram Queen of the West tried to sink the rebeJ ram Arkansas, but being badly sujiported, the ()ueen got the worst of it. Biege of Vicksburg abandoned : the c.anal did not promise success. During the past twelve days Colonel Morgan has been in receipt of .all tlie telegraph mes.sages from head-quarters in Louisville, and the movement of the Union army anticipated and defeated. ‘2.‘kl.—General Pope ordered the seizure of all horses, mules, and .stores within the lines of the army, except such as were absolutely needed hiy the people. Pdght near Florida, Mo., between one company of Union cavalry, under Major Caldwell, and 300 rebels of I’orter’s g.ang ; the Fed¬ erals retreated, with a loss of 2fi men. Colonel Kilpatrick defeated the relieks on the North .Anna River; he then de.stroj'Cil a railroad train Jo.aded with l.arge (piantitie.x of store.s. cut the telegraph wires, and re¬ turned to Fredericksburg witiiout lose. 6 66 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [July, 1862.

24th.—Sklrmi.'’ties nt Malveni Hill, Va., and Coldwat^r, Mis-s. Steamer Tubal Cain was ca})tured by the U. S.

ot government storop, dispersed 1,500 Home Clnnrds, and paroled near 1,000 regular tn.op.s, and lost hut 00 men of the 1,200 lie took into Ken- tiKdvV. (luerrillas made a rahl on I’ari.s, Ivy., and carried otf huge amounts ot goods. They wen' overtakini by a I'orce ot’ cavalry, who Killeil *27,JilJ, an-i all tlieir booty. .list. 1 he Secretary of War issueil an order revoking all furloughs and leave of absence, and onhu’ed all otticers and men to join their eoin- mand.s forth\vith, and ordered a muster of each regiment and detaith- inent on the 18th ot Augu.st, to rivilege of parole, and threatening to e.xeeute any officers in their haiuls in retalia¬ tion, if the Union officers should carry out their orders in regard to spies, guerrillas, etc. 2d.—Belle Boyd, the famous woman spy, arrested and sent to Wash¬ ington. 'I'he rebels attacked the Union troops at Ozark, Mo., but tied on receiving the first volley, abandoning every thing. Hark Harriet Ralli, the first h'rench ves.sel captureil for running the blockade, arrived in New York. Norfolk (Va.) Unio)i suppre.sscu. Fight :vt Orange Court¬ house; the rebels fled. Jd.—General Sherman, at Memphis, gave orders to employ all able- bodied negroes who might apply for work, 'riie U. .S. steamer Santiago de Cuba, affi'r a cha.se of seven hours, c.aptured the British jiropeller Columbia otf the Bahamas. She was loaded with 12 Armstrong gun.s and vast nuantities of other munitions of war. Alexandria, Mo., robbed by guerrillas. Colonel Averill’s cavalry, reconnoitering, met the rebels five miles from Cox’s River, and drove them back to their camp, wlien they made a stand, but were again put to flight, leaving all their camp and its contents. General Burnside’s army arrived at Acniiia Creek. General Halleck ordered the evacuation of the Peninsula of Virginia. 4th.—A draft of ;k)0,00b men, for nine months, ordered hy the Federal Government A reconnoitering ])artyof 17u men, under Colonel VVyn- koop, came up with the rebels, 7(X) .strong, with two pieces of artillery; after an hour’s fight the Unionists withdrew, 'rhe rebels admitted a loss of 30 killed and 10 wounded ; Union loss, one missing and one slightly wounded. General Butler made an assessment on wealthy secessionists of New Orleans to provide for the suffering poor. Figlit on White River, Mo.; rebels defe.ated. General McClellan protested agaiiust the withdrawal of his army from the Peninsula as a fatal measure. 5th.—Balfle of Baton Koueje, Larty from General Burn.side’s army j destroyed a ])ortion of the Virginia Central Railroad at Frederickhs Hall , Station, and a large quantity of Confederate stores. Skirmishes at Taze¬ well, Term. ; rebels defeated on every occasion. 7th.—Colonel Canby defeated the rebel General Sibley, near Fort Fill¬ more, N. M. General Sibley wa.s assassinated by his own men, who charged him with drunkenness and inefficiency. Guerrillas deleated at Kirksvilie and in Dodd County, Mo. Rebels surprised and defeated at Trenton, Term. Malvern Hill abandoned by <:leneral Hooker, on hearing of the advance of a heavy rebel force under General .V. B. Hill. 8th.—General Housseau, at Huntsville, ordei’ed that twelve prominent seoes.sioni.sts of that place should lie arrested, and one carried on each ; train of cars, as .security against the firing into tlie trains by the rebeks. I Tho AVar Jiepartment ordered the arrest of all per.sons discouraging enlistments. Portland, Calloway County, Mo., captured and lobbed by Cobb's guerrillas. Passport.^ denied to per.sons liable to ilraft, until the order was tilled. General Po]>e's pickets driven acro.ss the Rapidan by .; the advance of I.ee’s army from Riclimond. dth.—Battle of Cedar Mountain.—d'lie Confederates, under .laekson, ; advanced across the Rapidan, and marc.hed against the Unionists, under General Bank.s, at tleclar Mountain, near Cnlpepjier Conrt-hon.“e. Gen¬ eral Banks advanced to meet them, and at 6 o’clock P. M. the battle opened. It raged severely for about two hours, when the Confederates , fell back under cover of the darkness. Tiie Union loss was l,rit)h killed, wounded, and missing. The Confederate loss not known, hut .supposeil to be about 2,5hO. The Secretary of War directed the enrollment of all the militia of the loyal States.' Battle at Tazewell, Tenn.; the rebeks j repulsed with heavy loss. Union loss, 3 killed, 15 wounded, and 57 i prisoners. 1 lOtli.—Tlie Freeborn arrived in Washington with a number of ve.ssels, j f>risoner.s, and a lot of mercliandise, captured wlule rnnning the blockade. J tebel .steamer captured in the mouth of tlic Savannah River ami taken under tho guns of Fort Pulaski. 1 )onald.sonville, La., destroyed by Adniiral Farragut, for affording cover for the Confederates to tire on the tiect. llth.—Bayou Sara, La., occupied by the National forces. Fight at Independence, Mo. The Unionists were overpowered and the rebels captured the town. Rebel guerrillas dispersed near Helena, Ark., and near Grand Junction, Tenn. General Grant gave orders to employ all contrabands that came into his lines. Skirmislies near AVilliamsport, Tenn.; rebels alway.s defeated. Colonel Guitar defeated the guerrillas | near Comj)ton’s Ferry, on Grand River, Mo., killing and wounding 100 i of them, taking 200 prisoners, and a quantity of stores. John Slidell’s property coiffi.scated. McClellan’s army commenced to evacuate the I Peninsula. 12th.—AVar meeting in Alexandria, A’a. Gallatin, Tenn., captured by Colonel John Morgan, and afterward retaken by Colonel Miller, frorn j Nashville. : 13th.—73 lives lost by a collision on the Potomac River between the steamor.s Peabody and AVest Point. Colonel Guitar, having pursued Poindexter’s i-ebels from OomiJon’.s Ferry, overtook them at Yellow Cieek, Clinton ttounty, Mo., where he H>*attered them in utter confusion. Aug., ilhSTOKY^ Off TUB WAR. 69

( l^e took CO j>r1fK)non?. The French bark Harriet Ralli released by the , xoverniiKMit. Oeneral Hovey del'eatod General Hindiuan at Clarendon, 1 yio. '1 he rebels lost 7. A. iMiihoncy, of the Jhibuque Jferald, arrested for di.scour- aging enlistments. Pre-sident Lincoln gave an audience to a deputation of colored men on the subject of colonization, which project, he told them, . he favored, and Congress had provided for. General Po}>e issued an I order re-straining unauthorized .seizures of private jiroperty. Generai I Breckinridge complained to General Paine, at Baton Rouge, of certain act.s which he claimed were not acconling to the iisa'^es of civilized war- I fare, and threatenerl, on their repetition, to rai.se the black flag. 1 b'>th.—Fight at Jilerriwether’s Landing, Tenn.; rebels defeated, with a ^ lo.ss of 2U killed and 9 prisoners; Union los.s, 3 killed and 5 wouinh'd. 'I’lie Consul of Spain protested again.st the stringency of the quarantine laws c.stablished by General Butler at New Orleans. loth.—Colonels Corcoran and Wiloo.t, Lieutenant-Colonel Brown, and Ma or Rogers reached Fortress iMonroe, having been e.xchanged. Hop- I kitisville, Ky., captured by rebel guerrillas, under Colonel A. R. .Tohii- son. Naval expedition of three gun-boaks, four rams, and two transjiorts and a boily of troops left Helena, Ark., on a cruise down the river. Eviicuation of Harrison’s Landing by McClellan completed; the rebels were deceived by demotistrations m other directions. 8C)0 Jlissoiiri i militia, under Major Foster, were aitac.ked by Colonel Coffee’s guerrillas, numbering between three and four thousand. After a fight of lour hours the Federal forces were defeated, with a loss of tiU killed and loo wounded and missing ; the rebels lost 110 killed and wounded. Governor Magoflin, of Kentucky, resigned, and was succeeded by J. F. Robinson, Speaker . of the -'Senate. General Grant ordered the enrollment of all in his de})aitment “who, if they were at home, would be liable to draft.” 17th.—The office of the ComtUiilional (iumtti'er, at Marysville, Kansas, tiemolished liy Union soldiers. Archbishop Hnghe.s preached a pati'i- otic sermon at St. Patrick’s Cathedral, in New York, and called niion the government to put enough men in tlie field to bring this unnatural strife to a close. 18th.—Colonels Corcoran and Wilcox made Brigadier-Generals, to date from .luly Zl, ISOl, (battle of Bull Run.) Confederate Congiess .assembled at Richmond. Steamers Skylark and Sallie burned at the mouth of Dneic Creek, on Tennessee River. Clarksville, Tenn., .surrendered by Colonel Rodney Ma.son, without liring a shot. Colonel John H. Morgan, from Hai't.sville, 'I'enn., threatened retaliation for any injury to or assessments made on Confederate juoiiertv or citizens. Railroad communication cut off between Nashville and the North. The expedition from Helena cap¬ tured the rebel steamer Fairplay at Milliken’s Bend. She was loaded with a full equijmient for men. At Haines’ Bluff and Richmond other imporrant cajAures were made. lyth.—.Skirmish at Rienzi, Mis.s. Steamer Sw’allow burned by the rebels below IMemphis. Rebel camp on While-oak Riy the Bienville. Large war meeting m St. Louis, Mo. Figlit at t-iallatin, Tenn. ; tlie Unionists were routed, losing kO killed, .'>0 vvoundeei sympathizers. A series of skirmishes near Crab Orchard, Ky.; the rebels were defeated in every instance. General Stuart’s rebel cava^lry made a dash at Catlett’s Station, Va., captured and destroyed all of General Pope’s ]'aper.s, etc., and a great quantity of mili¬ tary and sutler’s stores; they then proceeded toward Warrenton. Fort Ridgely, Minn., attacked by the Indians, who were repulsed by the gar¬ rison. Cannonading along the Rap})ahannock between the two armies. General Schurz crossed the river in the morning, and drove the rebels back, who rallied, and a severe tight ensued, which la.«ted till night, when the Union troojis, not being strong enough to hold the advanced position, retired across the I’iver. General McClellan’s army commenced arriving at Alo.xandria. Colonel Rodney Ma.son, 71st Ohio,"dismissed for cowardice, in surrendering Clarksville. 2;5d.—400 rebels attacked the train on the Memphis and Charleston Railroad, near Courtland, Tenn., and destroyed it. Eight reV>el.s were killed; two Unionists wounded and two missing. A train on the Win- che.sler Railroad was destroyed by the guerrill.as. The battle resumed along the Rappahannock ; tl'ie rebels succeeded in crossing the river in the vicinity of 8nlj>hur Springs, upon which an engagement ensued, which resulted in the rebels being' driven across Great Run. General Pope siiRsequeuMy fell back to Warrenton and Sulphur Springs, .skirm- i.sh at Big Hill, Ky.; the National troops retreated to Richmond, Ky. 24ih.—General Butler gave orders to reorganize the “ Native Guards,” a body of colored troops which had been authorized by the late Gov¬ ernor. The rebels still pressed General Pope, and the tight was resumed at Sulphur Springs and Waterloo Bridge. Fight with the guerrillas at Lamar, Kansas. Charles .1. Inger.soll arrested in Philadelphia. Rebels routed at Dallas, Mo. 2.5th.—Seven men of the Bath County (Kv.) Home Guards captured, near Mount Sterling, 18 guerrillas, with tfieir horses and arms. .S5u retiels, under Colonel flicks, defeated near Bloomfie-ld, Mo., by IkO of the l-kth Illinois Cavalry, under Major Lepi'crt; rebels lost 20 killed. The rebel * (’olonel Woodward attacked Fort Donelson, Tenn., with 775 men, but i was repulsed therefrom by Major Hart and four eompanies of the 71st j Ohio ; the rebels lostkO killed and wounded ; the garrison did not reeei ve K scratch. The whole population of New Ulm, Minn., together with the garrison, evacuated that place. Tlie Indians had been driven off. Guer- rilla camp broken up near Danville, Ky., by tlie Home Guards. •2Gth.—Fight at Madisonville, Ky.; the guerrillas were finally routed. Colonel Lowe, from Fort Henry, after reinforcing Fort Donelson, pur¬ sued the retreating rebels, and took from them their artillery. Colonel •, Lowe had 2 men killed and 18 wounded. Fitzhugh Lee, at the head of n largo force of Stuart’s cavalry, entered Mana.ssas, Va., .scattered the guard, and destroyed the railway train and a large, quantity of govern¬ ment stores. General.s HeintBolman and Porter reinforced General Pope OF THE WAR, 71

At Wanentoii Junction. General Ewell’s division of the rebel army suc¬ ceeded ill tiiriiidg General Pope's right tiaiik, overpowered the force at Bull Run, and inarched toward Alexandria, Va. Alexandria, Va., placed under strict martial law. 27tli.—General Hooker's division overtook the rebels at Kettle Run and Ibiiglit theiii till dark ; the Confederates being driven from the field, w'ith the loss of duo killed and \vouno\vcll and the rebel General .Jack- son. JiU.*kson was driven back with great loss. City Point, Va., entirely destroyed by Commodore Wilkes. 20 men of the 2d Virginia Cavalry attacked and routed 75 rebel cavalry at Sh.ady .Springs, near Raleigh Court-liouse, Va., taking five prisoneiw. Hernando, Miss., occupied by Federals. 2yth.—Battle of Grovelon.—The Union forces of (general Pope, and the Confederates under Jackson and Ijongstreet. The battle raged fiercely, but the rebels were driven from the iield with great loss. The officers of the 71st Ohio, who published a card advising the surrender of Colonel Mason at Clarksville, were disniis.sed the service by the President. Skirmish near Manchester, Tenn.; rebels retreated, with heavy loss, k reconnoitenng party from St. Gharies Court-hou.se, I^a., di.spersed a guerrilla gang and c.aptured a lot of oxen, horses, and mules at Bonnet Garre. (Jommeucement of the Battle of Richmond, Ky.—The P'ir.«t Brigade of the Army of the Curntwirlaud advanced to check tlie rebel advance- on Richmond, Ky. Coming ujion them, Genend Manson opened with his artillery, and in a few minutes the whole line wa.s engaged. After a eevere fight of an hour the rebels were driven beyond Rogersville. .3hth.—At 6 o’clock this morning the Contederaios advanced upon the Unioni.sts and drove them back. The battle raged with varying success *11 day. The Unionists were finally eompelleif to retreat. The Union loss is set down at 400 killed, 1,100 wounded, and 8,000 prisoners; the rebel loss was 250 killed and .500 wounded. A severe fight look place at Bolivar, Tenn. ; the figlit lasted seven hours, when, the Union troops being reinforced, the (Confederates withdrew. I'lie Union loss was 2.5 killed and wounded, including Lieutenant-Colonel Hogg, 2d Illinois Cavalry; Conledenite loss not Known. Buckhannon, Va., captured by the guerrilla.s, and the public stores carried otf. Fight at McMinnville ; reb^s routed with con.sideruble loss. Second Battle of Bull Run.—Gen¬ eral Pope’s forces, having fallen back, were attacked Ijy the Confederates, under (general Lee, on the old field of Bull Run. The fight raged fiercely *11 day, and with great slaughter. The Union loft wing liad V^een pressed back half a mile, nut the right still held its ground. After the battle the whole army fell back to Centerville. .31st.—Fredericksburg, Va., evacuated by General Burnside, w’ho de- etroyed the bridges and

SKPTEMBEn 1, 1802.—liattla of ChartHUy.—The battle lasted neorly hour, and the rebels were driven buek at all points. Major-Genend Kearney and Brigadier-General Steven.s were killed in thi.s action. This was the last of the battles fought by the Army of Vir^itiia on their retreat. The losses on both sides were heavy ; that of the Unionists wa.s set down at 1,000 killed, 6,000 wounded, and 2,000 prisoners; Confederate loss not known definitely. The army fell back toward Washington. small force of Union troops defeated a large force of rebels at Britton’s Lane, near Denmark, Tenn., after a fight of four hours, the rebels leav¬ ing 175 dead on the field. Union loss, 5 killed and 61 wounded. The reports of the second battle of Bull Run created great excitement through the North. Paris, Ky., evacuated by the Federals, who fell back on Cynthiana. Louisville, Kv., thrown into great e.xcitement in conse¬ quence of the aj)j)rnach of the rebels, under Kirby Smith. Lexington, Ky., was occupied by Kirby Smith. The Federal* forces, on their way from Huntsville to Nashville, were attacked at Stevenson, Ala., V)y th'e rebels, who were repulsed with severe loss. Spirit ration in the navy stop])ed. The notorious guerrilla Poimlexter caught near Hudson, i\lo. 2d.—General McClellan placed in command of the defenses of Wash¬ ington. Cincinnati, Covington, and Newport became excited at the approach of Kirby Smith. General Lewis Wallace assumed command, (leelared martial law in the threecities, and called out the militia for their defense. A train of 100 w’agons captured by the rebels between Fairfax aii'l Centerville. Versailles, Ky., occupied by rebel cavalry. Fight at Morganfield, Ky.: the rebels routed with groat loss. Acting-Governor Paddock, of Nebraska, called out the militia to repel an attack of the Indians. About o(Xi men, including many citizens of the place, under Orderly-Sergeant Green, of Hawkins’ ZJouaves, attacked and routed 1,400 rebels near Plymouth, N. C., capturing the commanding officer and 41 other prisoners. They lost 30 in killed; the Union lo.ss was three killed. 3d.—General Pope’s army safe in the intrenchments around Washing¬ ton, without further loss. 'Indians attacked Hutchinson and Forest City, Winn., but were driven otf. Reconnoissances toward Centerville and Vienna showed that the reliels had left that neighborhood. Winchester was evacuated bv the Union troops, under General White. Skirmish at Slaughterville, ky.; the rebels defeated. Two fights near Greiger’s Lake, Ky., in which the rebels were routed. General Pope asked to be relieved from his command. The Hon. .Joseph Holt appointed Judge- Advocate-General of the army. 4th.—Ma.jor Wheeler, of the New York IMounted Rifles, brought into Suffolk two officers and 111 men, who, with 38 negroes, were captured near South IMills, Va. They were en rnuifi to Richmond. J’he rebel war steamer Oveto ran the blockade of Mobile. Skirmish at Cuml:)erland Gap; rebels routed. Goveimor Curtin, of Pennsylvania, called on the militia to organize to defend the State. Frederick City, Md., evacuated by the Union troops. The Peace Society of Great Britain recommended the people of the United States to accept mediation. The bark Fannie Laurie captured otf South Edisto, while attempting to run the blockade. 6th.—Rebel .schooner Rising Sun captured near the mouth of the Poto¬ mac. General Stuart’s rebel cavalry crossed the Potomac at Conrad’s Ferry without opposition. The ship Ocmulgee, of Massachusetts, burned at se'a by the privateer Alabama. Governor Morton, of Indiana, called out the. militia in the counties along the Ohio River. General IMcClel- lan’s army in rajiid motion from Wafdiington to the Upper Potomac. Oth.—Oiathe, Johnson County, Kansas, plundered by guerrillas, under Quantrell. Fight at Cacapon* Bridge, Va.; the rebels utterly routed, leaving every thing. 4i)0 rebel cavalry atta

the lo«9 of fH) prisoners; Natioiml loss, two kllleii end two wounded, luc'lerick City, Md., occupied by (General Lee; tlic (•iliiieiis made no tleuionstration of enthusiasm, hbu Indians attacked Jout Abercrombie, but were driven olF. J'lglit at Washington, IS'. (J.; rebels repuhsed, alter two hours’ tighting, losing bu killed ami bii prisoners. During the light the Union gun-boat Picket exploded, killing l« men. 40 inen'of the 4th Virginia Cavalry were surrounded near Chapmansville, Va., by about boo rebel cavalry, but succeetled in cutting their way out, killing Colonel btratton, couunamling the rebels. Pikevillo, Va., plundered by rebels. General Buell, with 24,000 men, reached Mashville. ith.—Harrisburg, Penn., thrown into great excitement by the approach of the rebels toward Hagerstown, iMd., and Chamberstmrg, Penn. Militia culled out. Bridge over riait liiver, at bhepherdsville, burned by the rebeds ; the guard were paroled. General Pope relieved of his com¬ mand. Clarksville, Tenn., recaptured by Colonel Lowe. Governor Kob- inson, of Kansas, ealle

near Clmrleaton, Va.; the town was hurned. John Ross, the Cherokee | chief, hah an interview with tiie Piesitleiit in relation to rescuing his | I nation from the rebels, (ieneral Rnrnside occupied Frederick amid | great entlmsiasm. Kirby Smith occupied Frankfort, Ky. 'I'he position on Maryland Higlits, opi)Osite Har})er’s Ferry, was attacked this after- * i noon; tigliting lasted till sundown. 13th.—The fighting at Maryland Hights was resumed this morning, I which continued till 3 o’clock, when an order was received to spike the ' guns and remove to the P’erry. 4(i rebel jiri-soners were relea.sed at Pal¬ myra, Mo., by the rebel guerrilla Porter. 1 * 14th.—The National lrooi>s at Fredenck moved toward Harper’s P’erry. The rebtds evacuated Maysville, Ky., and it was occupied by the Unionises. i i General Butler, at New Orleans, ordered the enrollment of all neutral foreigners in tliat city. Hattie of South Monntuhi.—General McClellan i overtook the refn?! army near Middletown, Md. Generals Hooker and I 1 Reno carried the liiglifs, and Franklin held Bnrkett.sviile Gap. 'I'lte rebels abandoned tiie field at night, leaving their dead and wounded. i 'The Union loss was 443 killed, l,30t; wounded, and 176 taken prisoners. i Tile Confederate loss was 4,3(H) killed, wounded, and prisoners. Atta<;k i on Harper’s Ferry continued, the rebels having possession of Maryland ' and Loudon Hights. The Union cavalry, under Lieutenant-Colonel J.)a\ns, of the I'itii Illinois Cavalry, cut their way out of Harper’s Ferry and arrived at Gree.ncastle, Penn., capturing luo prisoners and (ienend Longstreet’s wagon train. Severe engagement at Munfordsville, Ky., lasting seven hours, and ending in the defeat of the rebels with great ' loss. Ibth.—’rhe rebels advanced again toward Cincinnati as far as Florence, Ky. P’lglit ne.ir rthelbonrne. Mo.; rebels routed after fighting two hours. Ponchatoula., La., occupied by General Butler. Harper’s F'erry sur¬ rendered to the rebel General Jackson. 80 p’ederals (including Colonel ' Miles) had been killed, 120 wounded, while 10,.500 surrendered; 47 pieces of artillery and a va.st amount of stores were e.aptnred by the rebels. The rebel loss in the tiglu wa.s not known. IGtii.—Com'iueaoerneut of the liatilc of Antietam.—General Hooker crossed the .Antietam, near Sharirsburg, Md., to feel the rebel left and gain a ' position ready to attack in tlie morning. Consirlerable skirmishing ensued, which lasted till dark. The army sle))t on their arms. 17th.— Battle of Anfietatit.—This great liattle opened at 5 A. M. liy Hooker’s corps advancing against the rebel left. Tne tight raged fiercely and with varying sueee.'-s, botli armies alternately advancing and retir- ' ing. .At the fourth advance tiie P'ederals held the piece of woods intlieir front, wliieh was felt to be llie key of tlie position. On the left, at 1 o’clock P. M., Burnside had carried the stone bridge at the point of the toyoriet; and at 4 P. M. lie .‘uid Franklin in the center received orders to advance. P'r.inkliri moveil liis batteries forward and held hi.s ground. Burnside carried the hills in his front in gallant style ; Viut the "enemy Vieing rein¬ forced from their left, he was flanked, overpowered, and comjielled to retire to his former jiosition. It was now dark, and the battle closed. The forces engaged numbered about 1(>0,()00 on each side, the rebels having , been reinibri'e'i by General Jackson's corps after his capture of Harper’s P’erry. The line of battle was four miles long. The field was fiercely contested, and the carnage was terrible. Preparations were immediately made to renew the contest on the morrow, but during the night the Confederates retreated. The Ihiion loss in this fight was stated at 2,010 * killed, 9,416 wounded, and 1,043 missing. The Confederates acknowl¬ edged a loss of 1 l,0iK), but General McClellan stated it to be 25,542. Gen¬ eral Mansfield was killeii; Generals Richardson and Rodman morfiilly wounded. Nine other general officers were slightly wounded. No guns or colors were lost by live Federnks. Colonels Dtmham unci Wilder, after ' 6e))t., 18C3-1 HISTORY OK THH WAR. 75

^hting four divya at Munfonlsville, Ky., uurrendeiod to an overwhelming force under General Hragg; about 4,non prisoners, 4,nno stand of arms, and a lot of stores were surretidereil. 28 'J'exas Hangers were driven out of Falnioutii, Ky., by Colonel Berry, of the Jiarnson County Home Guards, and 10 other.s. Two rebels were killed, four wounded, and one taken prisoner. One of Colonel Berry’s men was wounded. Brigadier- General Ross, at Bolivar, Tenn., deniauiled three-fourths of the mala slaves between 10 and 4.[), to work on the iutrenehrnents at that place. Ship Virginia, of New Bedford, .Mass., burned by the Alabama. Skirm¬ ishes at Florence, Ky., and Lee.sburg, Va.; rebels defeated. A naval expedition silenced the rebel batteries on the St. .John’s River, Fla. Cumberland Gap evacuated by General Morgan, who brought off hi.s stores and blocked up the Gap. Louisville, Ky., fortiliod against Kirby Smith. 18th.—Ship Eliza Dunbar captured and burned by the Alabama. The rebels evacuated Harper’s Feri-y. General Bragg informed the citizens of Kentucky tliat the Army of the West had come to restore them to their liberties. Day of thanksgiving ami prayer in the Confederate .States for the victories at Richmond and Mana.ssa.s. 1‘Jth.—Hattie at Itika, Misit.—Fought between the forces of General Rose- crans and General Brice. It lasted about two hours, just before dark. General Brice lost 2(>:{ killed, 40(1 wounded, and (>oo jiri.soners. Union loss, RV) killed, .'>27 wounded, and 30 missing. General McClellan pur- .sued the rebels .across the Botoinac. 20th.—Commander rreorgo II. Breble was dismissed from the navy, for having permitted, through negligenee, the Oreto to rim the blockade of Mobile. Yesterday, at Owensboro, Ky., the relxd guerrillas attocked the Union troops there, killing the Colonel in command, when the Unioni.xts retired ; to-day the rebels were driven out by the Spencer (Indiana) Home Guards, witli great loss. The Horne Giumis had two men killed and 18 wounded. Fight at .Shirley’s Ford, Mo., resulting in the defeat of the rebels, with wlioin there were a great many Indians. A force of Confed¬ erate cavalry entered Williamsjiort, Md., but retired a<'ro.s3 the river ujion the approach of the Union forces. Fight at Blackford’s Ford, on the Itotornac; the Unioni.sts retired across the river before a vastly euperior force. ITentiss, Miss., burned for harboring guerrillas. Gen¬ eral Rosecrans advanced against the rebels at luka to-day, but they had fleing Point, on the Potomac. Fight at Russellville, Ky.; rebels routed, with a loss of 35 killed and 10 Kisoners. Salt-works at Bluff'ton, S. C., destroyed, by order of General itchel. Simeon Draper, of New York, apiiointed'Provost-Iilarshal- General of the United States. UcTOBKii 1, 1802.—Fight at Floyd’s Fork, Ky., between the advance of General Sill’s division and a body of rebel cavalry ; the rebels were finally defeated, and pursued several niiles. The rebels evacuated Shelbyville, Ky. P'ight near Gallatin, Tenn., resulting in the rout of the rebels, with 40'killed and 29 prisoners. Western gun-boat fleet transferred to the Navy Deiiartment. Hanijffon’s brigade of rebel cavalry driven out of Martinsburg by Geneial Pleasanton’s force. In returning, when near Shepherdstowii, the rebels attacked the Unionists, but were repulsed, with a loss of 00 killed and lo pi'isoners; the Unionists lost 3 men prison¬ ers and 12 wounded. General Buell left Loui.sville and proceeded toward Banistown. 2d.—President Lincoln visited the .army at Harper’s Ferry, Va. Reso- lutions were offered in the rebel House of Representatives proposing to the Pacific States and Territories to join the Confederacy as a league offensive and defonsivo. Morgan repulsed Ly the Home Guards at Olive Lfct., 18G2.3 HISTUKY OF THE WAR, 77 I Hill, Ky. Haiiillton, N. C., occupied hy General Foattle of Chaplin or Perrijville, Ky.—'I'he Confederates attaclied General IMcCook’s corps near Perryville; after several hours’ severe fighting, the rebels were driven acro.ss Cha}ilin River with severe loss, 'file Union loss was about 820 killed, including Generals .lacksun and Terrell, and about 2,Gn, and hoisted the Ameneau flag. Fight near Lawrence burg, Ky., resulting, after a 78 HISTOUY OF THE WAR. fOct., 1862. five hours’ engagement, in the retreat of tlie rel)els with eaisiderable loss. National loss, six killed and eight wounded. 10th.—jRaid.—Genera! Stuart, with 1,800 cavalry and four pieces of artillery, cros.sed the Potomac .at McGoy’.s Ferry, captured the pi(dvets, and proceeded in the direction of Morcen^burg, surprising and capturing all the guards; from Mercersburg he jiroceeded to Chambershurg, Penn., which surrendered to him. Nearly OOOsick soldier.s were ])aroled, horses were .seized, and communication by railro.ad .and telegraph cut off. Pebel forces driven from Missouri to Arkansas. Governor Leh-her, of Virginia, issued a proclamation, announcing certain regulations for obtaining s.alt for di.stribution to the peoyde. 11th.—General Stuart’s cav.slry evacuated Chamber.sburg, after destroy¬ ing the extensive depots and workshops of the railroad companies and several trains of cars, also about 5,0U0 muskets and a large quantity of clothing, etc. They passed into Maryland by Emmet«burg, and obstructed the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad during the night. Nash¬ ville, Tenn., threatened by the Confederates. l‘2th.—Stuart’s cavalry, on their return, attardced Stoneman’s cavalry, near Poolesville, .and drove them across the IMonocacy; they then crossed into Virginia, at White’s Ford. In the expedition the rebels had not a man killed, and only .seven taken prisoners. They returned with 1,(»00 horses, and inflicted damages to the amount of gl,')0,0tX). Idth.—It w’as ordered that all civil cases in New Orle.ans should be decided by the civil and not by the military authorities. 1.5th.—Governor Vance, of N^orth Carolina, appealed to the citizens of that State, asking for contributions of shoes and clothing for their soldiers. loth.—An expedition from the West Gulf Squ.adron destroyed the r.ail- road bridge at Taylor’s Bayou, coast of Texas, and destroyed the rebel encampment at that pl.ace. 17th.—The Confederates, under Colonel Faulkner, attacked the Union¬ ists on the Tennessee shore, near Island No. 10, but were rejnilsed, (Col¬ onel Faulkner and 1.5 others being captured. General Butler, at New Orleans, ordered th.at .all persons holding trusts for Confederates or their symp.athizers should not pay the .same without order.s from head-quar¬ ters, under penalty of a fine equal to the amount .so paid. 18th.—Morgan’s cavalry made a dash into Ijoxington, Ky., killed six, ajid captured 120 Unionists, .and made their esoa]K\ Shawneetown, Kan- .sas, burned by guerrill.as. General McNeil, at Palmyra, Mo., executed ten rebel prisoners, in retaliation for the aljduction and murder, by Por¬ ter’s gang, of a citizen of that place, who had aided the Unionists. loth.—Colonel Miller, with a brigade of Union troops, .attacked and routed General Forre.st’s Confederates about seven miles from Nashville ; the rebels lost but few killed and wounded, but a large quantity of arms and accouterments, and several jiri.soners, were captured from them. General .Stahl made a reconnoissance tow'ard Warrenton, U)>perville, and Paris, Va., in se.arch of Stuart’s cavalry. He had a fight with some rebel c.avalry at d'horoughfare Gaj), and drove them b.ack to Warrenton; night coming on, .and his forces lieing run down, the General withdrew to Centei’ville. The exi)edition was, in a great measure, successful; it lo.st .about 12 killed and wounded, .and brought in over 100 prisoners. 20th.—President Lincoln issued an order establishing a provi.sional court in Louisiana, and appointing Charles Peabody, of New York, as judge of .‘’aid court. 21 st.—The Confedemtes, from K.anawh.a, West Virginia, after de.stroy- iug the salt-w()rk.s in that vicinity, r'larclnal into Fa.st Tennessee. General Hlocum routed a Confederate, foice at Lovettsville, Va. ; 32 men taken Jiri.soners and 1.5 flisahled. President Lincoln ordered an election for ipembers of Cougres-s in certain distncts lu Tennessee. Nov., 18rt3.^ HISWRY Otf THR WAR. 79 t ^ —(jeiierHl lirai'g’s miDV, liavin^ eluded (Jeneral Buell, entered Tt'iinessee w'iiljout o]>^)o.siti(ni. l.;ii*-ll whs ordered bnek lo the Ohio. General Bullei' ordered tliut the Keliel’ Ooinrnittee ol’ New ttrleana should not supply any tiirnily in whieii llit-re whs any one liable to military duty, and who was not so employed. General Blunt’s command attacked 5,tHK) rebels at Maysville, Ark., and, after an hour’s tiglit, completely routed them, with the loss of all their artillery and a portion of their equipage, and ].‘)(> killed and wounded. Union loss, five Ivilled and nine wounded. 'I'he Union forces, under Generals Brannan and Terry, attempted to gain po.H.session of Fhe Charleston and Savannali Railroad, at Pocotaligo, rf. 0. it was stubbornly defended by the Confederates, under General Beauregard. The railroad bridge was destroyed ; hut the rebels Ijeing .strongly r<‘inforced, the position could not Ije held. A detachment of the expedition, under Colonel Barton, destroyed the bridge over the Coosahatchie. The Union loss was 3U kdled, IkU wounded, and 3 missing. 2.1il.—.Skirmish .at Waverley, near Fort Uoiielson; Confederate.s de- I'ealed, with gi'eat loss. 24th.—British steamer Scotia captured off Bnll’a Bay by the Restless. She was loaded with arms, ammunition, etc. 2.0th.—Army of the Potomac entered Virginia, east of the Blue Ridge. British steainer Anglia captured by the Restless, inside of Bull’s Bay. Her car^o, with tiiat of the .S(3otia, wa.s valued at half a million dollars. Bkirmi.sn on the Blackwater. 2Gth.—General H. A. Wi.se, with a Confederate force, came down from Riedunond into the Peninsula. 27th.—General Weitzel’s forces, from Donaldsonville, La., met the Confederate.s at Labadieville, when half an hour’s fight ensued, which I'esnltcd in the rout of the rebels, with a loss of G killed, 15 wounded, and 2G8 prisoners ; Union loss, 18 killed and 08 wounded. General Pleas¬ anton had a tight with the rebels at Snicker’s Gap, Va., and drove them buck. 28th.—General Herron, with 1,000 troops, attacked a much .superior force of rebels, camped near Fayetteville, Ark. The enemy, in about an hour and a half, broke and fled, leaving their whole camp and a few w.agons. Their loss was 15 killed and a great number wounded ; Union loss, five wounded. 2lith.—A detachment of 240 men of the 1st Kan.sas (colored) Regiment h.ad a fight with several hundred guerrilla.s, .at Dick’s Ford, on the Osage; the guerrillas were scattered, losing several in killed and woumled. The negro troo}>s .are repre.sented to have behaved with great courage; loss, 8 killed and 12 wounded. doth.—General Burnside formed a junction w’itlt General Sigel, ne.ar IMan.assa.s .Junction. General Stonern.an oceu))ie'l Leesburg. General Buell relieved of his command by the Pre.sident, and succeeded by General Ro.secrans. Fight near Petersburg, West Virginia, between 1.5U Union troops and from .TK) to .500 of .‘^tuart’s cavalry ; the rebels were sur¬ prised and fled, leaving ,Skilled and 16 pri.soners, besides losing P.) horses and 100 head of cattie. Union loss nothing. Major-General Mitchel died at Beaufort, S. C., of yellow tever. 31st.—General Pleasanton’s cavalry continued to press the rebels in their retreat, oceuping all the gaps until relieved. November 1, 1862.—General Plea.santon’s cavalry overtook the rebels at Philomont, Va.; after a short skirmish the i-ebels fell back to Union. Governor Brown, of Georgia, and General Mercer called on the planters of that State for hands to work on the defeirses of Savannah. General Brannan assumed command of the Ibth Army Corps at Port Royal. 2d.—.\t lb o’clock this morning the fight at Philomont was renewed, the rebels having advanced during the night. They were Anally eom- so HISTORY OF THE WAR. [Nov., 1862, pellod to nhfindon the ground in e.onfnsion nnd with heavy loaa. Union I0.SS, 12 killed and wounded, d'he expedition to Pitdnnn’.s Ferry returneil thi.s evening, owing to the I'uilure of otlier fon-es to co-oj)er;ite. The rehel.s at the ferry e>ed. Ex-Fre.sident Buelianan replied to General Scott, defending his position at the cominencenient of the rebellion. General Hancock occupied Snicker’s Gaj), ied by Union forces. The Union gun-boats commenced convoying vessels between Memphis and Cairo. General Foster occupied lianiilton, N. C., and advanced on i’arboro. 6th.—Mth Army Cori>s divided into three corps, under Major-Generals TlK)mas, IMcCook, and Crittenden. General Mchllellan relieved of the command of the .Army of the Potomac, and succeeded by General Burnside. Skirmish at >ievv Baltimore, Va.; after a short fight, the rebels were driven toward Warrenton. General Pleasanton and General Btuart met at Barbour, Va. The Confederates were whipped, with con¬ siderable loss; Union loss, five killed and ten wounded. Warrenton occupied by Union forces. Morgan’s cavalry made an attat^k on the Union camp on the Cumberland, but was repulsed, losing 5 killed and Hi wounded. Skirmish in front of Nashville. General Negley defeated the Confederates, capturing 23 prisoners, besides inflicting tieavy loss in killed and wounded ; Union lo.ss, 2(5 wounded and 19 missing. Rebels routetl at Piketon, Ky.; 8t) jirisoners, 150 muskets, 40 horses, 3 wagons, and a large lot of tents, etc., were cajitured. 7th.—Gene 1 Bragg's estate in Louisiana confiseabHl by the military authorities. Three imndred Indians, convicted of the massacres in Min¬ nesota, sentenced to be hung. 8th.—General Butler closed all the breweries and distilleries in his department. Colonel Ford dismissed from the .service of the United States for abandoning his position on Maryland Hights, in September last. .Skirmish at Gaine.s’ Cross-roads; reliels routed. General Pope preferred charges of disobedience of orders, etc., agaiu.st General Porter, w ho was ordered to Wa.sliington for trial. 9th.—General Grant occujiied I^a Grange, Tenn. St. Marys, Fla., burned by the Mohawk, for firing on a flag of truce. General Butler confiscated all the jiroperty of disloyalists in Lafourche District. Cap¬ tain Dahlgren, with a smaii force of cavalry, made a dasli into Freder¬ icksburg, Va., and captured two wagon-lo'ads of gray clotii, etc. The Confederate loss was three killed, .several wounded, and 39 prisoners; Union loss, oiie killed and four missing—a daring raid. 11th.—Colonel Lee killed 18 and captured" 134 Confederates, near La Grange, Tenn. He had two wounded. General Ransom overtook the rebel General Woodward near Garrettsburg, Ky., and completely routed him, and drove tlie whole force out of Kentucky; the rebels lost 16 killed, 4(1 wounded, ami 25 ])risoners, and a large lot of stores, etc. Gen- cival McClellan arrived in Philadeliihia. 1,01(5 Union and 1,596 Confed* erate officers, and 21,U0U })rivaLe3, were this day exchanged. Nov., HLSTOKY OF Tllli: VVAft. 81

I21h.—(ieneral Hookor appoiiiteistricts of tliat State. Tlie Nti/ioaaZ Aihocate, in New Orleans, siippre.s.sed. Army of tlie Potomac divided in tliree grand divisions, under Generals Sumner, Franklin, and Hooker, with the 1 Ith Corps as reserve. General Burnside’s head*quarters wero at Warrenton. loth.—Army of the Potomac, commenced the march toward Freder¬ icksburg. Large Union meeting in New Orleans. The Nutional Advocate re.suiued publication; its proprietor, Jacob Barker, having ))ublicly apologi/.e0,0O0; in returning, his vessel got aground, when I.ieutenant Ellis blew her up, to prevent her cajiture by the reliels. He transferred his crew to the ja-ize-schooner and escaped. The expedition captured three schooners and ten whale-bo.ats. 24th.—General Milroy suppressed the Wheeling Press, for giving aid and comfort to the enemies of the United .States. 2.7th.—Colonel Paxton, W’ith the 2d Virginia Cavalry, surpri.sed and ca})tured a Confederate camp at Sinking Creek, six runes from Frank- fori. West Virginia ; 118 prisoners, 3()i) stand of arms, 4 loaded wagons, JOh horses, and a lot of cavalry .sabers were taken; two pickets were killed. The rebels commenced fortifying Port Hud.son. Gu Confederate cavalry cros.sed the Potomac, and cajitured and paroled two telegraph oiierators at Poolesville. They were allowed to telegraph their capture to Washington. ‘2Gth.—General Wise, from Chaffin’s Farm, Va., sent a letter to General Keyes, at Williamsburg, inquiring into the condition and treatment of the'patients at the lunatic asylum. General Keyes replied that they were as comfortable as circumstances would permit. President Lincoln visited General Burnside at Acquia Creek. Trains commenced running from Acqiiia to Falmouth. 27th.—An exj)edition, 1,92.*) strong, under General Washburn, left Helemr, Ark., for a raid into Miasiasippi. 82 HISTORY OF THE 'W'AR. [Deo., 1803.

28tli.—Genernl Hlnnt, })y a fon’ed march, met and attaeked Marma- dukc's rebel lon-es at Cane Mill, Ark. The tight raged over twelve miles of ground. The Confederates retreated, with heavy loss, toward Van Karen. A heavy force of Confederates captured two squadrons of the 3d Pennsylvania Cavalry, who were on picket duty, twelve miles from Fal¬ mouth. 2'Jth.—Marmaduke’s forces, by a rapid retreat, reached Van Buren, Ark., at dark. General Stahl di.sper.sefl the rebels at Snicker’s Gap, kill¬ ing oO and capturing 40 of them. Frigate United States raised at Go.s- po’rt and taken into the navy-yard. DKCEMiiKii 1, 1302.—Congress met. President Lincoln recommended to Congress compen.sated emancipation for the slaves of the loyal States before the year 1;k)0. I'he celebrated Pittsburg battory retaken from the rebels at Franklin, near Suffolk, Va. General Washburn’s expedition penetrated as far as Oakland, Cotfeeville, ami Panola, destroying the trac.k and bridges of the Mississipj)! Central and Mississippi and Tennes¬ see Railroads, near Oakland. 2d.—General Geary liad a fight with the refuels near Charlestown, Va., and defeated them, killing and wounding 70, and taking 14.0 prisoners. General Hovey, with 20,000 men, occupied Grenada, Miss., the Confeder¬ ates having al)andoned it, after burning 15 locomotives and 100 cars. General Wa.shtairn had a fight with the rebels near Oakland, Miss., in which he captured a number of pi’isoners, horses, and arms, and o,000 Millie cartridges. lie had 10 men wounded, lost one gun, and 15 or 16 liorses. 3d.—The Confederates evacuated their fortifications at Abbeville, Miss. Winche.ster, Va., surrendered to General Geurv. 4th.—Gun-boats skirmishing with the rebel batteries on the Rappa¬ hannock ; the Confederates evacuated. General Washburn’s expedition returned to camj) on tlie Coldwater. 6th.—General Banks’ expedition sailed from New York for New Or¬ leans. 7th.—Battle of Prairie Grove.—After three days’ skirmishing, the battle ojiened this morning. The rebels made a feint in front orBlunt, and sent the main body t» attack General Herron, who was advancing to reinforce General Blunt. General Blunt, hearing the tiring in the direc¬ tion of the advancing column, hastily moved forward, and arrived in time to prevent a hank movement on General Herron’s right; and, at P. M., the engagement became general along the whole line. The battle raged fiercely and with great slaughter till dark, the contending armies alternately advancing and retii'ing. During the night the Confed¬ erates retreated over the Boston Mountains, abandoning their dead and wounded. Tlie Union loss in the engagement was—killed, 107 ; wounded, 7!t8; missing, 1,148. Rebel loss estimated at 3,000 killed and wounded, of whom nearly 1,000 were buried on the field. Privateer Alatiama cap¬ tured the California steamer Ariel off the Island of CuVia. 300 Confeder¬ ates attacked oo Federal cavalry at King George Court-house, Va.; 40 of the cavalry escaped ; the others were killed of captureii. The 104lh Illi¬ nois, lOiith and 108th Ohio, and part of the 2d Indiana Cavalry, sur- renilered to General Morgan at Hartsville ; 55 Unionises were killed. 0th.—f^teamer Ariel released on bonds amounting to S228,000, payable at the close of the war. Concordia, Ark., burned in retaliation for the burning of the steamer Lake City by guerrillas. The Confederates attaeke'd the Union gun-boats at Port koyal, below Fredericksburg, but were repulsed. loth.—The House of Representatives pas.sed the bill admitting West Virginia into the Union. Plymouth, N. C., destroyed by the Confederates in an engs^gement with Ttnion troops. llth.-^GeiHwal Goitry occupied Leesbtirg. Fretlericksbur , Va., bomb- Dec., 180)3J.] HlSTOllV' OF THE WAR. 83

arded ; 143 guns were at full play on the town at one time. The Union troops crossed the river under cover of the tire, a small advance hav¬ ing routed the Confederate .sharp-shooters, which, for a time, prevented the engineers in laying tlie pontoons. 12th.—General Burnside made preparations to advance on the rebel works south of Fredericksburg. 13th.—General Foster's expedition, adv.ancinj^on Goldsboro, met the rebels on South-west Creek; the rel^els retreated, after a short skirm¬ ish, to Kingston. Here again they were attacked, and held out for five hours, when they were driven from their position, with the loss of 11 pieces of artillery and 400 })risoners. The gun-boat Cairo was blown up in the \azoo River; nobody hurt. Battle vf Frederickslmrg.—After two days’ bombardment of the city. General Burn.side succeeded in laying his ))ontoons, and his army yesterday crossed to the south bank of the river, and took possession. 'J’his morning they advanced upon the rebel works .south of the city. The ground here is in the form of plateaux, from a quarter to half a* mile wide, on the first of which stands the city ; on the third or upper one was the rebel i)osition, fortified with great skill and strength, and commanding every approach. The middle one was tlie princij>al battle-ground. Franklin movepi River to destroy the Vicksburg and hhreveport Raili’oad, to ijrevent reinforcements to the garrison. The Union troops steadily advanced, driving the rebels out of their intrenchments; and, on the 28th.—The first and second lines were taken after a severe contest, and tho attacking party reached within two and a half miles of the city. Van Buren, Ark., ca])tured by the Army of the Frontier, under Generals Herron and Blunt. On the march they had a fight with the rebels at Dripping Hpring, killing seven of them.' Four steamers, heavily laden, 12U ])risoners, 40 wagons, and 240 mules were taken at Van Buren'; Union loss, five or six slightly wounded. The rebels burned their arsenal ami ferry-boat at Fort Smith, to pi'event their ca])ture. General Blunt destroyed the boats and part of the stores. Relicl Colonel Morgan, with 2,800 men, summoned the. garrison at Elizabethtown, Ky., 2.30 strong, to surrendor; lliej’ refused. The garrison, protected by their siock^e, Jan., 18G3.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 85

witlistood a bombardment of an hour, when they surrendered, naving one man Mounded. Jlorgan afterward destroyed the trestle-work lit Muldrough’.s Hill. 29th.—The Union forces took the main battery and rifle-))its in rear of I Vicksburg, but were afterward rejiulsed. On account of tlie di.sa.ster at i Holly Springs, General Grant coulil not co-operate, and the rebels, being strouiily reinforced, threw their whole force on .Sherman, and coinpelleo his retreat to the outer line of works, the fighting, in many cases, being hand-to-hand. The artillery fire was furious, and lasted three hours. Sherman’s loss was supposed to be between 4,000 or o.oix). :30th.—The iron-clad Monitor foundered off Cape Hatteras ; 2 officers and 28 men were lost. Morgan defeated in an attack on New Haven, Kentucky. ;31st.—Battle of Mnr/reetboro.—General Rosecrans, finding that the rebel army manifested a feeling of security, and had weakened their force somewhat by expeditions to various parts of the State, left Nashville on the 2tjth, in three columns, under Thomas, McCook, and Crittenden, and came up with the rebels on the 29th, near Stewart’s Creek, and drove them back to their intrenchmenis, which were advantageously situated on Stone River, three miles from Murfreesboro. Supposing the rebels were retreating, Harker’s brigade, of Wood’s division, was ordered across the river, but were met by a heavy fire from a regiment in ambush. Harker held his fire until wTthin short range, when he fired and charged, driving the rel>els back upon their main body, which proved to be Breck¬ inridge’s division. Finding the force in front too strong, the brigade was recalled. <.)n the ;50th, .'3,5U0 rebel cavalry made a dash on the trains in the rear of the Union left, but \vere driven olf by .Starkweather’s brigaowering masses. Kirk was wounded and Willich taken pri.soner. Surging along the line toward the center, the rebel forces, in about au hour,Touted the whole right wing, and drove them back nearly four miles, capturing 28 pieces of artillery. The plan of battle was defeated. The left wing, which had commenced its advance, was halted. Beatty’s and Fyffe’s brigades, with Rou.sseau’s division from the reserve, were sent to reinforce tiie right. A new line was formed ; and Rosecrans, massing the artillery in the center, hurled destruction on the adv.ancing columns, and comjfielely checked them; then, ordering a charge, the rcliels broke and fled. The battle r.aged fiercely for ten hours. General Rosecrans freely exposing himself during the whole fight. Abotit 7.0t>0 men w'ere lost this day. During the progress of this fight, Wheeler’s rebel cavalry, 3,0(X) strong, with two guns, attackeil Colonel Innis’ regi¬ ment of Michigan Engineers and Mechanics, who had Ix-en posted at Lavergne, to protect communications. They were repul.sed m seven distinct charges, when they withdrew. The rebel cavalry had penetrated to the rear, and were very active in destroying provision and ammunition trains. ,\n immense meeting of Manchester (England) operatives w.as held in Free-Trade Hall, in that city. Resoluti.iHs were passed sym¬ pathizing with the North, and an address to President Lincoln wa.s adopted. 'I’he transport Blue Wing, with 1(1 mail-bags of letters for Bhennan’s army, was burned by tlie guerrillas at the mouth of the Ai'Icausas River. January 1, 186.3.—The year 1863 o]-»ened auspiciously for the Union arms. Notwithstanding niuch time and means liad been spent in }nep- aratious* in <^ nu|>pmg the army and navy, in builditig now iroa-cl.ad.s, eU;., 86 HtSTOKY OF THE WAR. [Jan., 1863.

{jreat progress had l)oen made toward crusliing the rebellion, Missouri lad been brought into .sulijection to the Federal arms, and the Army of the Frontier had pushed its way across its borders into Arkansas. By the victories of Mill Spring, Donelson, and Shiloh, Kentucky and Middle and West Tennessee, had been wrested from the rebels; the capitulation of Columbus, Island No. 10, and Meinphis, gave us control of the Upl>er Mississijipi; while the capture of New Orleans effectually closed the river against the egress of the incipient rebel navy, and placed under our controfthe sugar-growing districts of Louisiana. We occujiied the whole coast of North Carolina, nearly all of that of South Carolina; the capture of P'ort Pulaski placed in our power the principal seaport town of Georgia, while, on the coast of Te.xas, our guns commanded tlie town and island of Galveston, (fn all sides victory had been the result of the advance of our arms; while the consecjuent discouragements of the rebels, and the failiu’e of their plans, have led to commotions among themselves, and to expo.sures which show how utterly rotten are the foundations on which the fabric of the rebellion is erected. During last night Geinwal Hosecrans, at Murfreesboro, readjusted his line of battle, jirejiaratory to antither attack to-day. The army biv¬ ouacked on Uie field. During the day there was heavy skirmishing, but no general engagement, the enemy throwing out small bodies as if to feel a weak jioint. Colonel Hoskins, (l-2th Kentucky,) commanding the forces at Lelianon, Ky., attacked Morgan's forces, six miles soutli of that place, and defeated liim ; several relxds were killed and w'ounded, and WJ taken prisoners ; their caissons and provisions were taken. Morgan fied in the direction of Columbia. I'resident Lincoln issued his Emanci¬ pation Proclamation. Attack on Gulve:ito)t.—General Magruder, with 5,000 men and five steamers, made an attack on Galveston, defended by about .‘lOO men, under Colonel Burrill, and two or three steamers. Barri¬ cades were erected in tlie streets. After sustaining an uneoual contest for four hours, during which they repulsed the rebels several times, the Unionists were compelled to surrender to overpowering numbers. Tho Harriet Lane was captured by boarding; 2 officer.^ and 8 men were killed, 10 men wounfled, and 110 taken prisoners. The Westfield ran aground, and was blown up by her commander, to prevent her capture by the rebels; by a premature explosion. Commander Kenshaw and several officers were blown up witli the vessel. The rebel loss in the engagement was very heavy. The rebels captured 30,000 rifie-cai'tridges, 5,000 picks, and 500 shovels. 2d.—At ]\Dirfreesboro the rebels had massed their columns agninst the left; and, at 3 o’clock P. M., tliey advanced in three heavy coliiTnns, bn4- talion front; advancing to within 100 yards, they were met liy a heavy fire from the left, now reinforced, and the artillery being massed, in forty minutes the rebel column Viroke and fled, losing 2,o0o men ; General Kains among the killed. General McClernand superseded General Bher> man, and re-embarked the. army on the transports in the Yazoo. The loss in the attack on Vicksburg was about (iOO killed, 1,50G wounded, and 1,000 missing. The Arkansas Legislature imposed a fine of from ^.500 to $1,000, and imprisonment in the penitentiary of from five to ten years, on any person “caught trading with Yankees.”' 3d.-^Heavy .skirmishing in front at Murfreesboro, which became so annoying that GenerallKosecrans ordered the corps commanders to clear their fronts. Rousseau’s division was ordered to dislodge the rebels, which they did. A coraiiany of cavalry from California arrived in New York. Paymaster Major 1. N. Cook had gambled away $253,000 of money sent him to pay the army. Many of the parties were arrested, and much of the funds recovered ; the matter wa,s made, public to-day. Imboden and Jenkin.s’ rebel cavalry attacked Colonel Washbtirne at'Moorefield, Va., artd continued fighting all day. Jan., 186.S.] HiaTOIiY OP THE WAR. 87

4th.—The fight at MoorefieM eontinued to-day; the rebels were driven four miles. Colonel Mulligan reiul'orced the g;irri.‘awn, wilh a large cargo of salt, etc., while trying to run the blockade of Charleston. llth.—Battle of Arkansas Post.—Union forces stormed the works, aided by the giin-hoats tinder Admiral Porter. The whole garrison surren¬ dered. The Union loss was 100 killed and 500 wounded ; rebel loss, .500 killed and wounded. 5,000 prisoners were taken, including General Churchill, commanding, and all the ammunition and stores. The forti¬ fications were destroyed. 12th.—The Confederate Congress met at Richmond. Two Texas regi¬ ments marched into Arkan.sas Post to reinforce the rebel.s, j.nd were cap¬ tured by the Federal garrison. The rebels sudtlenly left in front of Sum¬ ner's head-quarters at Falmouth, and moved southward. 10th.—The steamer Charter, with quarter-master and commissary stores, sunk by the guerrillas, 10 miles below Nashville; 10 men were captured. Skirmish with Wheeler’s cavalry, near Nashville ; rebels retreated. 500 rebel cavalry, with a battery, attacked three boats at Har- peth Shoals, near Nashville. Tiie Trio, with 200 sick and wounded on board, wa.s fired into, the men ca]>tui-ed and paroled. The gun-boat Sidell, acting as convoy, surrendered without firing a gun ; her giins were thrown overboard and the vessel burned. Five Federal gun-boats bombarded Fort Caswell, N. C., for four hours, the object being to get the range of its guns. The rebel steamer Oreto, with 1,700 bales ot cotton, ran the blockade of Mobile, and escaped. llth.—Naval fight off Galveston, between the Confederate steamer Alabama and the armed transport ITatteras ; the fight lasted thirty min¬ utes, aud resulted in the sinking of the Hatteras in nine fathoms water ; the Alabama was severely handled. Two men were killed and five wounded on the Hatteras; the balance, with the wounded, were taken prisoners on board the Alabama. The Brooklyn gave chase, but the rebel escaped in the darkness. The gun-boat Calhoun got aground in the Teche, and was fired upon by the rebels ; Commander Buchanan was instantly killed. The troops charged upon them, killing 60, capturing ao, and dispersing the rest. The rebel gun-boat Cotton was captured and destroyed. The rebel force was 12,000, with three pieces ofartil- lery. nth.—General Halleck issued orders that no rebel officers or prisoners of war be released on parole until furtlier orders. This was in conse¬ quence of a number of Union officers having been closely confined in Richmond and not allowed to be })aroled. An expedition from Newbern encountered 1,800 rebels at Pollocksville, N. C., drove them from the town, and took possession. A number were wounded on both sides. The schooner Emma Tuttle, loaded with saltpeter, and dying the English flag, captured bv the U. S. schooner Hope, off Charleston. 18th.—General Gorman captured Des Arc, Duvall’s Bluff, and St. Charles, on White River, Ark. ; 150 prisoners, 2 columbiads, .'lOO small arms, and a large quantity of ammunition were taken. .At Des .Arc the people were rejoicing o\Vr Confederate victories at Vicksburg, Port Hud.son, and .Arkansa.s Post. l!)th.—President Lincoln approved the bill authorizing an issue of S^K'O.OOO.OOO to pay the army and navy. He sent in a special message, saying that, while he approved the bill, lie deprecated the further issdie of U. S. notes, as tending to inflate the currenejq and expressed his desire that some more expedient means might be taken to raise money. The steamer Huntress, with 400 bale.s of cotton, was destroyed by fire while attempting to run the Wockade of Charleston. The steamer Mary Crane, with Jt'-iO.OtKi worth of subsistence stores, w'as burned on the Cumberland by the guerrillas. The iron-clad Moutauk arrived at Port Royal. Jan., 18C3.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 89

20th.—Fitz-.John Porter dismissed from the service of the United States hy sentence of court-martial, fnr disobodienco of oi’ders, etc. 'J’ha Richmond Examiner oi' this date sai,fK»0 or men to our forces in the South-west, wo shall come to grief.” The Alabama landed the prisoners from the Ilat- tcras at Kingston, .Tamaica. M.ijor Justus McKinstry, late Quarter¬ master at St. Loui.s, under ticneral Fremont, dismissed from the service by court-martial, for neglect and violation of duty. •Jlst.—'Phe steamer Ottowa ca|)tured a rel)el .schooner, with 90 bales of cotton, while running tlie blockade .at Charleston. At Sabine Pass the rebels <*a)>tured the brig Morning Light and the schooner Velocity; IJ guns. $l,(MMi,ouo worth of lu'operty, and JOO jirisoners were ca])tured. The .Morning Light wa.s afterwaid destroyed, to prevent its recaj)ture by the* Federals. •21th.—Skirmish at Woodbury, Tenn.; the fight Lasted three-quarter.s of an hour, when the rebels fled ; nine Unioni.sts were wounded. 2.>th.—General Burnside relieved of the command of the Army of the Potomac, and was succeeded by I^Iajor-t.feneral Joseph Hooker. Gen- ends Franklin and Sumner also relieved of their commands. 2tith.—A large expedition,comprising 00 tnuisports and 70,000, men and 1.50 schooners loaded with war material, left Beaufort, N. C., for Port Royal. Several vessels have lately succeeded in running the blockade in and out of Charleston and ports along the coast. ■27th.—Union meeting at Fayetteville, .\rk. Fight at Middlebury, V.a., between Stuart’s rebel cavalry and Colonel Wyndham’s Union cavalry; rebels routed, losing 10 jirisoners. The iron-clad Montauk bombarded F’ort JIc.\llister, on the Ogeechee River, Ga., for four hours, to test the boat and to get the range of the fort. The Charleston 3lercnry incident¬ ally admitted the existence of a Union organization in Nortli Carolina. It said: “A force of 1,(K)U men from General Kirby Smith’s division, allied by companie.s collected in North Carolina, attacked their front and rear, killed many, captured a number, and scattered the rest. The country is now quiet.” •2,sth.—A large and enthusiastic meeting was held in St. Louis, to indorse the President’s Proclamation of Emancipation. Philadelphia Evening Journal suppres.sed for alleged di.sloyal sentiments. The gun-boat Lex¬ ington attacked by the rebels on the Cumberland River, but a few shots in°return scattered them in confusion. In the rebel Congress, Henry S. Foote introduced resolutions offering an alliance, otfen.sive and defensive, with such of the North-western States as would lay down their arms and de.sist from a further prosecution of the war again.st the South. •20 Unioni.sts were reported organized in Brownsville, Texas. Between ‘2(H) and JOO rebel sympathizers attempted to re.scue a train-load of rebel prisoners at Chicago, but were prevonted by the firmness of the guar

7th.—(Joncral RejTiolds’expe0. Over (AiU h.ad enlisted in a regiment to l>e com]>osed of men from these seetiotis. l-th.—Currency bill passed the Senate by 2;{ to 21. General Grant cut the levees on the .Missi.ssippi River at Yazoo Pass and Greenville, Ark. Skirmish near Chttrleston, V'a.; rebels defeated. Corresj)ondcnce with the P'rench Government, in relation to its mediation in the jiresent struggle, submitted to the Senate by the President. Colonel Monroe, with 2;iu men of the 12dd Illinois and ‘io of Stokes’ cavalry, routed a body of oOn of Morgan’s cavalry, near Cainsville, Tenn.; 2b rebels were killeu, besides a large number wounded ; (> }>risoner.s and 60 horses were taken, and 800 stand of arms destroyed ; 3 Unionists were wounded. The privateer Florida, in long. 0.’i° W., lat. 24® N., captured and burned the .Jacob Bell, with a cargo worth SL.aOo.ooo. 13th.—Skirmish at HolTvar, Tenn.; reliefs defeated, losing 4 killed, a numl)er wounded, and o paisoners. The iron-clad Indianola rail the bat¬ teries at Vicksburg. 14th.—The t^iietai of tlie West captured by the rebels at Gordon'.^ Landing, on Reon all alile-hodied men to rally, with anns, pike.s, scythes, sp.ades, and shovels, for the defense of their homes and familie.s. The Richmond Examiner e.xpressed great indignation at the peace prop¬ ositions of the French Minister of Foreign Afliurs, and said the only pe.ace commissioner.s they had were Lee, Beauregard, .Johnston, Jjong- street, and Jackson. The mortar-boat.s commenced the bombardment of Vicksburg, the relrel batteries replying. Hopefield, Ark., destroyed by the gun-boats, for harboring guerrillas, who had been firing upon and capturing transport vessels. Work on the Lake Providence and Bayou Macon Canals progiwsed favorably. 19th.—A reconnoitering party from Yazoo Pass surprised 200 rebel cav¬ alry at Coldvvater, and routed them, killing 6, wounding 3, and cajituring 15, without lo.ss to the FederuLs. The mortar-boats continued the bomb wdment of Vicksburg. 92 HISTOKY OF THE WAR. [March, 1863.

20th.—Governor Johnson, of Tennessee, eoiiflsented the rente and })rofits of ull real tuid personal o.states belonging to rebels, Ibi’ the benefit of the Unite.'l States. •21st.—Naval reconuoissance up the Rappahannock ; a few shots ex¬ changed witli the rebels and their battery silenced. 2-2d.—A body of rebel cavalry, 700 .strong, under Chenault, Tucker, and Cluke, entered Kicliuiond, Ky., the Federal garri.son falling back to Lex¬ ington. The rebeLs left in the direction of the Kentucky River, closely jiursued by anotlier Federal force. Considerable excitement was inani- fe.sted in Central Kentucky in regard to tlii.s raid of Morgan’s gang. The r-ebels attacked at Tu.scundjia, and route

2ela, who lost .50 killed, 180 wounded, .58 prisoners, and a lot of horses, mules, and wagons. Negro riot in Detroit; military called out. 8th.—General Hiirlbut, .at Memphis, orilhred all resigned ofticers to leave the department, under pain of arrest. Siege of Fort IMc.Allister entirely abandoned. The U. .S. .sloop-of-war .Sagamore captured, otf }fillsl)oro. Flu., the sloop Enterprise, loaded with cotton, having run the blockade. oth.—Colonel Wilder’s expedition returned to ^Murfreesboro. At Wood¬ bury they disperseil a body of rebels, killing and woun.Iing a number, ami capturing 17 ; at .Auburn, a detachment fought the rebels, killing 3 and wounding 8. The expedition had one wounded and one captured, lilosby's gang surprised and captured, at Fairfa.x Court-house, Va., fJen- eral istoughton, the provost-marshal, patrol.s, and all the men, with 110 horses. The U. S. steamer Quaker City captured, oIf Cape Fear, after a chase of six hours, the British steamer Drum, with a cargo of bales of cotton. .She had run the blockade at Wilmington, N. C. The rebels, by' cutting tlie levees at Lake Providence and elsewhere, have flooded over 100 miles of Loui.siana. 18 of Bol Street’s guerrillas captured near Bolivar, and the rest of the gang killed, wounued, or dismu'sed. Gen¬ eral Bank.s’ expedition, 18,000 strong, left New Urleans for Poi t llud.son. 10th.—Pre.sident Lincoln warned all deserters to return to their re- Ki)>ective commands before April 1 ; and called iijion all patriotic citi- lens to aid in rctui niiig theseue.sorters, and in enforcing (ho (.‘onscriptiou iH HISTOUV or THU WAR. [March, l»<«

Act. Colonel Grierson, with the 6th and 7th Illinois Cavalry, surrounded Kii-hardsoa's guenillas, near Covington, Tenn., and (;ai>lured them; '■15 were killed. At the same time Coionel Lee eaptureil General Looney and lii.s guerrillas at Wytlte Goiiot, near Germantown,'I’enn. .Jackson¬ ville, Fla., ca})tnred and'oceupied by a brigade ot negro troops. lull.—'i’he first .seizure in Cincinnati, ol’jirojierty belonging to rebels, was made to-day of property belonging to three Me's.srs. Jenkins, otlicers in the rebel army. Governor Cannon, of Delaware, issued a )>roclama- tion to the citizens of that State, enjoining them to hold their allegianco to the general government jiaramount to that to the State ; and promis¬ ing protection to all who should aid, by act or information, the National Magistracy in suppres.sing the rebellion, against the operations of the ‘‘act to {irevent illegal arrests,” passed by the Legislature of Delaware. The gun-boat Chillicothe made a reconnoissance down the Yazoo River to Greenwood, and exchanged a few shots with a laUtery of live gun.s posted there. A land exjieiiition went down at the same time. A jiarty of rebels attempted to cut the levee opposite Vicksburg, but were all captured. rjth.—General Granger’s forces returned to Franklin, Term., having driven Van Dorn .and Ins rebels across Duck River. l;'>th.—The rebels repulsed in an attack on Newbern, N. C. The gun¬ boats Chillicothe and De Kalb renewed the attack on Fort Pemberton, at Greenwood, Miss.; the bombardment lasted all day. General Banks’ expedition left Baton Rouge. 14th.—Immense Union meeting at the Academy of Mu.sic, New Y'ork. Port Hudson bombarded. Admir.al Farragut succeeded in pas.sing the batteries at Port Hudson with a jiortion of his fleet. The sloop-of-war Mississipjii got aground, and wa.s luirned by the rebel batteries, and of lier crew were Killed and 42 taken prisoners. Si.x were killed and four wounded on the fleet in passing the batteries. Admiral Porter, with the gun-boats Carondelet, Cincinnati, Mound City, Pittsburg, and Louisville, loft the mouth of the Yazoo River for the Upper Yazoo, by w.ay of Black Bayou .and Rolling Fork. Ihth.—The schooner Chapman seized by the U. S. officials at San Fran¬ cisco, as being a privateer. She was armed with .six Dahlgren guns with carriages, and was just leaving with a party of secessionists on board, who intendeil to capture the mail-steamer Oregon. 800 paroled prison¬ ers, en route to Chicago, destroyed the Richmond (Indian.a) Jejfersonian, an anti-war sheet. The gun-boat Chillicothe bombarded Fort Pember¬ ton again to-day ; a force landed and erected a battery, 300 yards in rear of the rebel fort, and mounted the guns from the De Kalb. 17th.—Colonel James B. Fryaj>pomted Provost-Marshal-General under the Con.scription Act. Cavalry fight at Kelly’s Ford. .About 200 of Gen¬ eral A verill's cavalry, on a reconnoissance, crossed the Rappahannock at Kelly’s Ford, where the ford svas so narrow that they were compelled to cross singly, and, in the face of a galling fire, charged the rebel rifle- pits and intrenchments, capturing nearly the whole force; they then encountered and whipped Fitzhugh Lee’s c.avalry (who were hastening to reinforce the rifle-pits) in several hand-to-hand fights, and drove them four miles; General Averill then withdrew, bringing in 80 prisoners. Fight on the Blackwater, near Franklin, lasting an hour, and resulting in the repulse of the rebels. 18th.—Immense Union meeting in Louisville, Ky. 40 prisoners and a large amount of provisions and other stores captured on the Kt. Francis River, without tlie loss of a man. The British steamer Georgians, in¬ tended for the rebel navy, while attempting to run into Charleston, wa.s run ashore, and was burned by the fleet. 10th. Morgan’s guerrillascaj)turetl a train on the Louisville and Nash¬ ville Railroad, near Richland ytution, and were robbing it when they were March, 1863.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 95 dispersed by a detachment of soldiers. Sevenil rebels were killed and wounded, an pri.soners. Colonel Hall lo.st 7 killed and 31 wounded. The rebel Colonel Cluke, with 800 men, .surrounded Mount Sterling, Ky.; the garrison threw themselves into the houses and fought for four hours, but were finally compelled to surrender. Kclx^l loss, 2‘2 killed and w'onnded ; Union loss, 3 killed and wounded. Admiral Porter, find¬ ing the route through Black Bayou imjiracdieable, and fearing his return might be bloc^kaded, commenced his retreat. A great amount of prop¬ erty was de.«troyed by tlie e.xpedition, and its presence caused the de.struction of 20',(XM) bales of cotton by the rebels them.selves. ‘21st.—l\Iajor-(Tcneral riumner died a't Saratoga, N. Y., at 1% A. M. •22d.—Skirmish at Bhte Springs, Kan., betw'een ‘2(X) of (^uantrell's band and 40 scouts; the .scouts retreated, w'ith a loss of 9 killed, several wounded, and 5 missing. General Grover returned to Baton Rouge with 3.'>0 bales of cotton, 1,.5(hi hogsheads of sugar, 3,(XJ0 barrels of moia.sses, and 50 prisoners. Skirmi.sh at Bra.shear City, La.; the rebels were chased ei"ht miles; 10 killed, 20 wounded, and 14 horses captured. Galveston Blockaded. 23(1.—The returns to the War Department showed that, at this date, the de.serters from the Union artny numbered 1‘25,0(X). 24th.—.3,000 rebels occupied Danville, Ky. Colonel Wolford skirm¬ ished with them all day in their advance on the place, but gradually fell back in the direction of Lexington. He lost 27 killed and wounded ; the rei>el loss w’as about the same, together with 30 pri.soners. 25th.—A large body of Wheeler’s cavalry ma(Je a dash into Brentwood Station, between Franklin and Na.shville, and captured ‘2tw infantry and their stores. They were afterward retaken by reinforcements." The rebels lost 10 killed and wounded and 60 jn-isoners ; Union lo.^^s, 1 officei’, and 15 men killed, w-ounded, and missing. The rebel army left the banks of the liappahannock. Skirmish at Chantilly ; 4 Unionists killed and 39 taken prisoners. Skirmish at Rice’s Mills,'on the Hatchie ; no Union loss. The Federal rams Lancaster and Switzerland attempted to run the Vicksburg batteries ; a shot exploded the boiler of the Switzerland, and she drifted down; the Lancaster w’as cut almost in two, w hen she was .set on fire, and sunk, a burning wreck; one man was drowned and tw'o wounded. Several ve.ssels, loaded with cotton, have escaped the block¬ ading fleet within a few days. 2Gth.—Gold in New York 140. The garrison at Pensacola, supposing the place was to be evacuated to the rebels, commenced burning the town. 27th.—Major-General Burnside assumed command of the Department of the Ohio. Pegram retreated from Stamford, Ky., pursuecl by Wol¬ ford. He had taken over l,(Ki0 head of cattle, but was so elo.^^ely pressed by Wolford that the cattle and 1‘25 men were taken from him. Admiral Porter’s fleet, from the Black Bayou, reached the mouth of the Yazoo, on their return. Colonel Montgomery’s African Brigade took pos.se.ssion of Pilatka, Fla., destroyed it, and left with 10 prisoners. 28th.—Guerrill;v.s captured the Sam Gatv, in the Missouri River, near Kan.sas City. 48 wagon-beds and 300 sacks of flour were thrown over¬ board, and ^2,200 taken from the boat; she was then relea.sed. The Hartford and Albatross passed Warrenton. A deUchment of Jenkms’ 96 HISTORY OF TBK WAR. lApril, 1805 I cavalry made a raid into the Kanawha Valley. Two steamers ran the I gauntlet of their fire for two miles ; one man was killed and one mor- 1 tally wounded on the boats. j 2‘jth.—The rebels attacke

7th.—Attach on CharleHon.—The p;un-bof\t fleet, nnder .Admiral Du« pout, made an attack on Fort tinmter; but, after an action of 3U minutes, ui v\ Inch Several of the fleet were di.saliletl, they were (roiupelled to with¬ draw. In tlii.'^ action the rebels had 30U guns, while the fleet had but 34. The Nahaut penetrated to wit bin 2uu yards of the fort. The Keokuk was so badly injured tliat she sunk soon afterward, and fell a prey to the rebels. She had reached within 5tx) yards of'the fort. The rebel los.s in the action was (5 vvoum led ; the fleet lost 2 or 3 killed and 10 wouruletl. President Jjincolu revoked the exce|>tions in his proclamation of August 10, 1801, except New’ Orleans, Key West, Port Koyal, Peaid'ort, and West Virginia. Major Ihmsom, of the 0th Kansa.s, returned to Kan.sas City from an ex}fedition among the guerrillas ; he had killed 34, broken uj) 15 camps, capturing nearl}^ every thing, burned 27 houses which harbored guer- rilas, and destroyeil a large amount of rebel munitions of WiU’; he had one man slightly wounded. 8th.—Woodward, with 1,200 men and two pieces of artillery, captured the transports Lovell and .‘r^a.xonia, lo miles below Clarksville, and burned them. Colonel Pruce, from Clarksville, overtook Woodward, and recap¬ tured all the. stores and took several prisoners. The Yazoo Pass e.xpe- dition, under Generals Ross and Quimby, reached Helena, having left Fort I'emberton on the 5th. The British steamer iMargaret and Je.sse ran the hlockaile otf Charleston. 7,000 troops attempted to reinforce General Fo.ster at Little Washington, N. C., but were driven back, with the loss of 50 men. 0th.—Colonel Daniels, with 900 colored troops, captured Pascagoula, Jliss.; they afterward drove otf a large force of rebels, killing 20 and ; wounding a large number. The rebels, being strongly rcinlbroeaniels returned with his force to Ship Island. A treasonable conspira«.’y di.scovered in Reading, Penn.; several of the leaders arrested. The steamer Wa.shington, on tiie way to reinforce Genend Foster, grounded I in Coo.sa River, and was disabled by the Confederate batteries; 3 were I killed and 7 wounded. The CommoUore Barney silenced the batteries, I and the fleet withdrew. 1 Loth.—Near .Antioch, Tenn., 300 rebels captured a railway train, and ; burned it, including the mail ; 100 passengers, 15 or 20 officers, and about j SO .sutlers were captured and haken to Lebanon. Van Dorn’s whole force I attacked General Granger, at P'ranklin, Tenn.; after severe fighting for i two hours, the rebels retreated, leaving their dead on the field. Union loss, hlO killed, wounded, and missing; rebel loss estimated at 300. , Skinni.sh near Fort Donelson ; rebels whiiiped ; 21 captured. llth.—Skirmish at William.sburg, Va.; Union loss, 1 wounded and 5 prisoners. The rebel steamer Stonewall .Jackson burned at Charleston liy her crew, to ]n'event her falling into the hands of the blockaders; sho ' hale determined to be free ; that the enemy had been battled in their attempts on Vicksburg, Port Hudson, and el.sewhere; and that, in a few weeks, the tailing of the waters and the heats of summer will complete their discomfiture; and closes by an appeal to that patriotism which they have exhibited since the beginning of the war. General Foster reached Newbern, having run the blockade of the river on the steamer Escort; the pilot was killed and several wmunded. General Keyes notified General Wise, who held Williams¬ burg with 3,000 men, that the citizens must leave, as he intended to shell the town. The rebels abandoned the siege of Washington, N. C., having secured large quantities of forage, which, it seems, was their object. loth.—Seven gun-boats and three transports, of Admiral Porter’s fleet, ran the batteries at Vicksburg. One transport was burned, one man was killed on the Benton, and two or three were wounded. Skirmish at Suf¬ folk. Admiral Porter destroyed, at Bayou Sara, 1,000 sacks of corn and beef, and proceeded to Port Hudson. The British steamer Gertrude, with a large cargo of gunpowder and military stores, captured by the gun-boat Vanderbilt, while attempting to run into Charleston. 17th.—Colonel Dills, with 200 men of the 39th Kentucky, attacked Col¬ onel P’reneh’s force of rebels at Pikeville, Ky., and, after a fight of an hour, captured 13 otticers, 60 privates, 30 horses, and a lot of stores. Col¬ onel French escaped. The Federal biatteries opposite Vhcksburg opened fire on the town. General Banks occupied Vermillionville, La. Colonel Grierson, with his command of cavalry, left La Grange, Tenn., for a raid through Mississippi. 5,0O0 rebels attacked the left of the Federal lines at Sutlblk, but were repulsed by the fire from Fort Dix, and were driven five miles. 18th.—Six guns and 200 prisoners captured on the west bank of the Nansemond, \ka. Fayetteville, Ark., attacked by 3,000 rebels. The gar¬ rison numbered about 2,000, many unarmed. The rebels were repulsed with considerable loss; Uirion loss, 5 killed and 17 wounded. Colone. Graham broke uj) a rebel camp at Celina, Tenn., killing 7 rebels. Cap¬ tain McDermott, of the gun-boat Cayuga, was killed, and 5 men were captured, during a reconnoissance of Sabine Pass, Texas. Colonel Grierson at Ripley, Miss. Immense Union meeting at Hamilton, Butler County, Ohio. 19th.—Colonel Graham crossed the Cumberland, after the battle of Celina, and routed the rebels, killing 30 and losing ctne killed. Colonei Riley routed the rebels at Creelsboro, killing one and ca})turing seven. Colonel Grierson, at Pontotoc, Miss., dispersed a small rebel force, and captured their camp. 20th.—Marmaduke, with 2,000 rebels and 0 pieces of artillery, attacked 400 of the loth Missouri Militia Cavalry, under Colonel Smart, at Pater¬ son, 25 miles from Pilot Knob, Mo. Colonel Smart fell back eight miles, having destroyed what stores he couhl not remove. He lost 11 killed and 20 wounded ; rebel loss, 40. Immense Union meeting in Baltimore, this being the second anniversary of the uprising in the North and the massacre of tlie Union soldiers lu'thai city. Fighting on the Coldwuter, April, 18G3.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 99

Miss. More of Porter's fleet ran the Vicksburg batteries and joined those below. Fedenil cavali^' entered Senatobia, Mis.s. •21st.—Skirmish at Kelly's P'ord ; 30 rebel.s taken. General Reynolds surprised the rebels at McMinnville, Tenn., who fled on his approach; 130 prisoner.^ taken. The depot buiMing.s and large quantities of stores were de.stroyed. General Bank.s occupied Opelousas, La. Colonel Grier¬ son destroyed a large tannery and a large (juantity of leather, harness, etc*., intended for the rebels. The Union oiti/eing driven out. Fed¬ eral Iqs.s, 100; rebel loss not known. Colonel Grierson reached Phila-. delphia. Miss., after a perilous march through swamps and rivers from* Starkville. « 24th.—General McNeil reinforced Cape Ginardeau against Marmaduke, who was advancing. The rebels occupied Fredericktown. Colonel Hep¬ burn, Inspector ot Cavalry, in obedience to onlers from General Rose- crans, seized all the horses of citizens in Nashville, tho.se of W. B. Lewis and Mrs. Polk alone excepted. The rebels attempted to burn the bridges on the Iron Mountain Railroad, but were repulsed, with a loss of 5 killed and 20 wounded. General Corcoran, with a force of Unionists, had a fight with the rebels on the Edenton road, near Suffolk ; the reljels were dis¬ lodged from their rifle-pits and driven back several miles. Skirmish at Okalona, Mi.ss. Colonel Grierson’s cavalry raid created great excitement in Central Dli.ssissippi. He reached Newton Mills to-day; at this place he de.stroyed 38 car-loads of quarter-master and commissary stores. The rebels dispersed and their equipage captured at Weber's Falls, in the Indian Territory. 2")th.—Colonel Grierson reached to-day a point seven miles we.st of Montro.se, burning and destro3’ing the bridges and trestle-work of the railroads on his route. 2i!th.—The rebel.s, 8,000 strong, under Marmaduke, attacked Cape Girardeau, Mo., at 11:20 this morning ; after two hours fighting they were repulsed, and retreated toward Bloomfield. Their loss was about 60 killed, 200 wounded, and a large number prisoners ; the Union lo.ss was 20 killed and wounded. On their retreat, their advance, under Colonel New'ton, was surpri.sed by the Union forces, under General Vandever, pnd routed, the whole command being either killed or taken prisoners. At Hazelhurst, Jli.ss., Colonel Grierson’s adv.ance, under Colonel Prince, captured and de.stroyed a train of 40 cars, loaded with all kinds of mili- ttirv stores. 27th.—The rebels attacked the Louisville and Nashville train, near Gallatin, Tenn., but were driven off' with heavy loss. Colonel Walker, with a force of Union cavalry, surj)rised a rebel camp on Carter's Creek 100 HISTORY OP THE WAR. [May, 18G3 pike, near Franklin, Tenn., and routed them, killing 2 and wounding 10, jiud captured las men, 150 horses, and 100 mules. The Unionists suf¬ fered no loss. Colonel Grierson reached Hazelhurst, ISIiss., 40 miles south of .Jackson. The rebel Colonel Woodward attacked four gun-boata sin'l three transports on the Tennessee River ; the transports were sunk. Jenkins’ rebel guerrillas occujjied Morgantown, Rowlesburg, and Moore- field, Va. At Bahala, Miss., a large portion of the N. 0., J. and G. N. Railroad was destroyed, together with a great amount of other property, inflicting great damage on the rebels. Colonel Streight’s brigade lelt Tuseumbia. ‘Z8th.—Great excitement in Wheeling, West Virginia, in anticipation of an attack on that city by the rebels. Several bridges on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, between Cumberland and Grafton, destroj'ed by the I'ebels. Skirmish near IMill Springs, Ky. The rebel General Forre.st and Colonel Roddy attacked General JDodge at Tuseumbia, Ala., but, after a fight of several hours, the rebels retreated to Courtlaud. Colonel Grier¬ son entered Brookhaven, Miss., cajitured and paroled 200 prisoners, and de.stroyed a large camp of instruction, with its equipage. 20th.—The .4rrny of the Potomac commenced crossuig the Rappahan¬ nock; the. rebel pickets were surprised, and too prisoners captured. 20 men were wounded in the melee. The left wing, .35,000 strong, crossed four miles below Fredericksburg, engaged the rebels twelve hours, and di'ove them out oftheir ride-pits and adi.''rnnceofeight miles. The Marine Brigade was tired upon by Major White’s Texas Rangers, on the Tennes¬ see ; the gun-boats returned the fire, landed a force, and dispersed them ; eight rebels were killed and several wounded, including Major White, jnortally. The privateer Floiida captured and burned the ship Oneida, of New York, loaded with a cargo worth 5^500,0oo, and the bark Henrietta, of Baltimore. The Florida ami Alabama have destroyed, besides these, within a few days, four ships ami three other vessels. 'Grand Gulf bomb¬ arded—General Sherman making, at the same time, a feint at Haines’ Blulf. 3uth.—Fight at Fairmount, Va. A heavy force of rebel cavalry, under Imboden and .Tones, attacked this place, defended by 350 men, under Colonel Mulligan. After figliting nearly all day, the garrison were obliged to surrender. The rebels admitted a loss of 100 ; the Union loss was one killed and four wounded. The rebels then plundered the place. Gen¬ eral Stahl’s reconnoitering jiarty returned to Fairfax Court-house, bring¬ ing in 40 prisoners and 100 li'orses. General Meade’s cor]>3 oecnjiied Chancellor.sville, four miles south of Fredei’ieksburg. General Sher¬ man, with a fleet of gun-boats mid transports, passed lip the Yazoo River, and attacked the reliel batteries. General Grant’s army landed at Bruins- burg, below Vicksburg. Colonel Grierson’s command moved along the railroad to Bogue Ghitto Station, destroying the track, bridges, and cars on the route. At Wassita, on tlie Tickfau, tliey had an engagement with a regiment of cavalry, wlio wore immediately put to flight, with a consid¬ erable loss in killed and wounded. At Edwards’ Defiol they dispersed another regiment, and then cut their w'ay through a regiment of infantry drawn u}) to chock their advance, and rode off in the direction of Baton Rouge. They liad lo.^t one killed and five wounded. Colonel Streight’s command had a skirmish with the rebels at Hay’s Gap, Ala., in wliich they repulsed the rebels, killing and wounding about 70 of them ; their loss was 1 killed and 20 wounded. He captured tlie rebel artillery. At 3 P. M. they had another fight, wbieli lasted till dark ; two Unionists were killed and several wounded. Colonel Streight spiked tlie captured pieces, and moved off under cover of the darkness. M.\y 1,1863.—General Carter drove the rebels out of Monticello, Kv.. losses unknown. Skirmisli at Thompson’s Station, Tenn.; rebels de’ feated ; 14 killed, 20 wounded, and 11 captured. No Federals hurt. Geo May, 1862.J HISTORY OF THE WAR. 101

enil Stot>f>mnn, with a large force of cavalry, left F'almonth, and crossed the Raj>i(,lan, near Orange Court-house, on a raid to the rear of Lee’s ariny, and to cut his coninmnieatious with Richmond. General Syke’a division was attacked by the rebels at Chancellorsville this moi’ning, when a severe engagement ensiied, which lasted an hour and a half. V Hattie of Magnolia.—A portion of General Grant’s army had a fight here with a portion of Pemberton’s army, underGeneral Bowen. Tlie rebels were driven back, and the Federals occupied Port Gibson. Union loss rc|>orted 200 killed and wounded ; 500 rebels captured. Three citizens and one soldier dis{)ersed a body of 28 rebel cavalry at Rock Creek, Wayne County, Ky., killing five of them, including the captain ; all their horses, equipments, and money were captured. Colonel Straight reached Blountsville, Alabama; the rebels attacked him here, but they were elieckcd. 2d.—Colonel Grierson’s comm.and arrived at Baton Rouge amid great enthusiasm, having traveled over 800 miles in the heart of rebeldom, fought and dispersed the rebels wherever they met them, and captured 1,000 prisoners, 1,2(K) horses, and destroyed over 54,000,000 worth of prop¬ erty; 300 contrabands came in with them. Battle of GhanccUorxville.— After three days’ skirmishing the battle opened this afternoon. The rebels, 40,0el steamer Eugenie, loaded with arms and ammunition, captured otf Jlobile by the gim-boats Cayuga and Kanawha. The rear of Hookers army got'safelyoack to-day. The steamer Majestic burned below Hick¬ man; l,4uo tuns of commissary stores and 150 horses were consumed. It wa.s supposed to be the work of an incendiary. 7th.—General Keyes occupied West Point, Va. General V.an Dorn, of the rebel army, killed by Dr. Peters, of IMaury County, Tenn. 8th.—President Lincoln issued a proclamation declaring what shall constitute the Kational forces; and declaring also, that no plea of alien¬ age w'ill be received from any foreign-boi’n citizen after (io days from the date of the proclamation. The steamer Cherokee captured off Charles¬ ton while attemj)ting to run the blockade; the ve.ssel and cargo were worth ^175,000. The gun-boats commenced the bombardment of Port Hudson. 9th.—Skirmish at Horse-shoe Bend, on the Cumberland ; the rebels routed. The British schooner Linnet, w’ith a valuable cargo, captured off Mobile by the steam-transport Union. The schooner Sea Lion, with 272 bales of cotton, 7 barrels of turpentine, and considerable si)ecie, captured off I\Iol»ile Bay by the gun-boat Ar'oostook. 10th.—The rebels, w’ho* were routed yesterday at Horse-shoe Bend, attacked the Unionists this morning, but were repulsed, after two hours’ hard fighting, with considerable loss. Jackson, Miss., invested by Gen¬ eral Grant. “Stonewall” Jackson died of wound.s received at Chancel- lorsville, and ]nieumonia. 11th.—Buell Court of Inquiry adjourned, after a se.ssion of 105 da3’’a. Fight at Lebanon, Tenn. ; after a severe fight of eight hours the Federals retreated to the north side, of the Cumberland River; the loss was heavy. General Grant reached Fourteen-Mile Creek. All places of jiublie resort in New' Orleans, except jflaces of worship, w’cre required, bv order of the Provost-Marsh.al, to

hauda. General Grant defeated Generala Gregg and Walker at Mi»sU- tippj Springs. General .McPlierson occupied Clinton, Miss. 15th.—Two rebel mail-boat.s captured on the Disin.al Swamp Canal, near Currituck Bridge. Fight at Beaver Dam Church, near Suffolk, Va.; the rebels defeated, with heavy los.s. The Unionists lost 2 killed,21 wounded, and 6 missing. Continual skirmi.shing near Suffolk. Colonel Clayton's fori’e, which left Helena on tlie Cth, agaiu-st the guerrillas in the neigh¬ borhood, returned to that post to-da)', having defeated and scattered the rebels in two engagements, and destroyed SUX),UOO worth of .sup})he.s. Colonel Clayton’.s lo.ss was 2 killed and 8 wounded ; the rebel loss in both tigiits was loO killed and woundetl. Itlth.—Judge Ijeavittj at Cincinnati, declined to issue the writ of habemt corpus a.sked lor by Vallandigham. Vallandigham was sentenced by General Burnside to be confined in Fort Warren during the war. Thi.s sentence was afterw.ard mo0 prisoners, about 1,000 killed and wounded, and IG nieces of artillery ; the Unionists had about 1,70eyond the Federariines. Guerrillas plun¬ dered Plattesburg, Clinton County, Mo., and robbed the court-house of §11,000, belonging to the State. General Grant captured the rebel bat¬ teries on the liills'north of Vicksburg, and turned the guns on the city. The water Ixvtteries silenced by Admiral Porter. General Augur’s divi- simi of General Banks’ army had a nine hours’ fight with the rebels on the Bayou Sara road, four miles in rear of Port Hudson. The rebels were thoroughly whipped, and leA a large number of killed and wounded on the field. Over 1,()(M) prisoners were taken. Union loss, 12 killed and 50 w’ounded. The rebels Med inside their intrenchments. 22d.—The two-year regiments commenced returning home. A rebel camp at Middleton, Tenn., surprised and destroyed ; 8 were killed and 72 taken prisoners ; 200 horses were also taken. Union loss, 3 or 4 wounded. The Medical College at Louisville, Ky., u.sed by the government as a hospital, was entirely destroyed by tire ; loss, §yo,ouu. The sick were all removed. The schooner F>mily cajkured at Urbana by the Potomac liotilla. Her cargo was w'ortli §o0,0tio. The crew escaped. Battle at Gum Sioamj), N. C.—The rebels were driven ft'om their intrenchments, and the ■works destroyed; 195 jirisoners, 1 gun, and 50 horses and mules were captured. 7 rebels were wounded ; 1 Unionist killed and 7 wounded. Major Walker, with parts of the 5th Kansas and 3d Iowa Cavalry, about 200 men, fought 400 guerrillas, near Helena, and drove them some dis¬ tance, killing 9 and wounding 21. Union loss, 4 killed and 20 wounded. The g.un-boat Owasco destroyed the notorious blockade runner West Florida, off Charleston. The British steamer Eagle captured by the Octorora. General Grant assaulted the works at Vicksburg, but was repulse

of Inquiry on Gencrnl Coroomn’s caso ncquiftoci him of tho murder of I ■ Colonel Kimball. Guerrilla camp near Memphis broken uj) aiul de¬ stroyed ; 4 men killed and 5 hi ken pri.soner.s. 'I'he Kearney Cross, a I badge of honor, was given to 4G.1 non-commissioned oflficers and privates I of General Kearney’s old division, by General Jlirney. General Hunter ordered all able-bodied persons not employed in government service to leave his department; and if found therein after twenty days, to be drafted to till ui> the various regiments. The order also prohihitee made the theater of war; that when Virginia was lost, he must retire to the Cotton States, and end the war where it begun. General Kilpatrick reached Urbana, Va., from Yorktovvn; he captured, on his raid, over 3 woidh of propertv. Colonel Cornyn’s expedition returned to Corinth ; he had fought and defeated Roddy, and brought in 100 prisoners, <300 hor.ses and mules, 200 contrabands, and liesides had destroyed vast quantities of rebel goveruineut stores, iiis loss was two kiliod aud six wouuded. 106 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [June, 18G3.

2d,—Judge Drummond, of Chicago, granted a temporary injunction to restrain the military from taking possession of the Chicago Times office. General Blair returned tf) Vhcksburg from a reconnoissant'e between tire Yazoo and Big Itlack. He scouted 50 miles of country, destroyed a great amount of valuable property, and gained much important information. The Union troops evacuated W'est I'oint, Va., on account of the unhealth- fulness of the situation. Colonel Monffiomery, of the 2d South Carolin.a (colored) Kegiment, defeated the rebels at Bocotaligo, S. C., and took possession of the railroad bridge. .‘Id.—The military took possession of the Chicago Times office. The Illinois House of Representatives passed resolutions denouncing Gen¬ eral Burnside’s recent order suppressing the Times, and demanding its witlidrawal. Immense “peoce” meeting m New York. 4tli.—General Burnside, by direction of the President, revoked his order in relation to the Times and World. Continual skirmisiiing in the neighborhood of Murfreesboro and Winchester. 1,200 rebel cavalry attacked the garrison at Franklin, Tenn., but were finally repulsed, with heavy loss. The garrison at Triune, 'I'enn., were also athicked, but the rebels were repulsed, with a loss of 200 men, 400 horses, etc. General Gillmore succeeded General Hunter in command of the Department of the South. BaUle of Satartia, liliss.—'J'his battle was fought by 3,000 Unionists, under General Kimball, and 2,000 Confederates, under Wirt Adams, and lasted thirty minutes, when the rebels were routed, losing considerably in killed and wounded, and 100 prisoners; Union loss, 1 killed and 17 wounded. Semmesport, on the Atchafalaya, destroyed by Federal gun-boats. 5th.—The Federals, in their operations, reached within speaking dis¬ tance of the rebel works at VicksV>urg. All the siege-guns were opened, and 3,(3iX) shells were tiirown into the city in one hour. Part of the Gth Corps made a successful reconnoissance across the Kai^pahannock ; 103 })risouers were captured. They lost 3.5 or 40 killed and wounded. Fight renewed at Franklin, Tenn.; rebels rejndsed again. Lee’s army com¬ menced moving north. General Kilpatrick arrived at head-qu.arters from Urbana; he captured 500 horses and 2.50 contrabands. General Keyes sent out a force from Yorktown which destroyed, at Aylett, on the Mattapony, an iron foundry, tnaidiine-shops, warehouses, large quan¬ tities of gVain, etc.; the property de.stroyed amounted to $120,000. One killed and tliree wounded on the Union side. General Vandever left Bt. Louis with 4,000 men, to reinforce Grant. A small boiiy of Grierson’s cavalry were attacked in the rear of Port Hudson by^ihout 1,200 rebel cavalry ; 30 were killed and 40 taken prisoners. CO hoVses were taken by the rebels. oth.—John Ross, Chief of the Cherokees, offered the President a regi¬ ment, 1,200 strong, of loyal Indians. A strong force of rebels attacked Y'oung’s Poi)it and Milliken’s Bend, but were re})ulsed at both places by the colored troops. The rebels lost 200 killed and wounded ; Union loss, 78 killed and 370 wounded. The rebel privateer Coquette burned at se.a the bark Whistling Wind, with a cargo of coal. Longstreet’s corps of Lee’s army passed northw.ard through Culpepper. 7th.—Fight at Raccoon Ford, on the Rapidan, between 400 Federal cavalry and two regiments of the rebels. The rebels were defeated, their loss being 5 killed and 15 wounded. Colonel Wilder returned to Murfreesboro, having broken Tip a band of guerrillas at Liberty, Tenn., capturing 02 prisoner.s, 130 mules, 100 horses, arms, equip¬ ments, etc. Sth.—Gold in Richmond $0.00 premium ; silver, $5..50. A meeting of editors and publishers of newspapers was field in New York. They asserted the right to freely and fearlessly criticise the acts of those charged with the administration of tho government, and of its civil and June, 18G3.] HISTORY OF THK WAR. 107

military subordinates; and that any limitation of this right, created by the necessities of war, should be to the localities where hostilities exist or an invasion threatened. 9th.—Colonel Lawrence W. Orton, Bragg’s chief of artillery, formerly Lawrence Williams, of the United States army, and Ma.jor W. D. Peters, oi the Confederate army, were executed as s|iie3 this niornin", at Frank¬ lin, Tenn. They gained admi.ssion into the lines by means or forged cer- titicates, that they had been deputed to examine the fortitieations; but havin;' excited the suspicion of Colonel Baird, commanding the post, ho had them arrested. Siege of Vicksburg progressed slowly—General Grant pushing forward his parallels and rdie-pits. Skirmish near Mon- ticello, Ky., between Colonel Pegram and General Carter. The reViels were driven eight miles. Union loss, 3 wounded ; rebel loss, k killed and 10 wounded. Cavalry fight at Beverly Ford, between 15,000 of Stuart’s cavalry and the Union cavalry, 9,000 strong, under General Plea.santon. It lasted from 5 A. M. to 3 P. M., when, the rebels being heavily rein¬ forced, Pleasanton withdrew, carrying otf his w'oundqd and 200 prisoners^ also the bodies of his dead officers. The rebels had been driven buck from three to five miles. This action frustrated, for a time, the intended inva.'^ion of Pennsylvania. 10th.—Governor Yates, of Illinois, prorogued the Legislature of that State until January, 18G5. Pennsylvania divided into two districts, to provide against the threatenediiinva.sion. Fight near Monticollo ; two hours’ fighting defeated the rebels. Union loss, 30 killed and wounded ; rebel loss unknown. A heavy force of Texans attacked Lake Provi- lence, but were repul.sed. 11th.—It was estimated that, at this date, 50,000 colored soldiers have >een enrolled into the service of the United .States. Vallandigham nom- oated for Governor of Ohio by the Peace (?) party of that State. 90 rebel 'itficer.s—prisoners—en route for Fort Uelaware, in the steamer Maple . jeaf, overpowered the crew and sent them below; they then steamed br the Virginia shore, G5 miles below Fortress Monroe, and made their Bscape. At Triune, Tenn., Forrest, with 5,000 cavalry and two batteries, iittacked General K. B. Mitchell’s cavalry forces, but retreated as the Federals advanced. They were pursued six miles, losing 21 killed, and 70 wounded and i)risoners. Mitchell lost six men killed. A committee of the leading property-holders of Louisiana waited upon the President, and .said they were ready to unite in declaring that Sbtte a part of the Union as before tlie rebellion. The. notorious blockade-runner Herald was de- stroved by the blockading fleet otf Charleston, Uarien, Ga., burned by the Federals. 12th.—General Couch assumed command of the Department of the Susouehanna, and called out the militia. Lee comtnenced his movement up tne Rappahannock, i)reparatorv to his march into Pennsylvania; his forces were estimated at 98,000. j"ohnston still continued to mass forces, with the intention to attack the rear of Grant’s army. Artillery tight in Charleston harbor, between the Union batteries on hfolly Islarnl and the rebel batteries on Morris Island, and the Union gun-boats Pawnee and McDonough. It lasted till sundown ; results not known. I3th.—Hill’s corps, the rear of Lee’s army, left Fredericksbtirg. Skirm¬ ish near Middletowm, Penn. ; 8 rebels killed, a number wounded, and 57 taken prisoners. The rebels made a raid on Elizabethtow'n, Ky., cap¬ turing a government train, 200 horses, and other valuable property. .An¬ other figlit at Mount Sterling. News from Vicksburg showed that (he bombardment continued with .sustained vigor, the rebel batteries being fllmo.st silenced. General Grant had approMChfKl to within twenty yards of the rebel works. Leo co)nmenced moving toward Peun.sylvania. Cavalry skirmish at Edwards’ Ferry. General McReyriolds was attacked this morimig at Berryvilie, 12 miles from Winchester, by the rebel* 108 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [June, 1863. under Geneml Trimble. McReynold.s fell back to Winchester and joined (jeneral Milroy. Wth..—Battle at TFinc7t<>s/er.—General Milroy was nearly surrounded >>y 18,000 men, under General Ewell, who carried his outer works. 'I’he rebels advanced on Martinsbur,g, and demanded its surrender, which General Tyler refused. An artilierj'light followed, after which General Tyler retreated to Harper’s Ferry. General Banks made an assault on the works at Port Hudson, but was only j)artially successful. He gained a {iosition within 50 or 100 yards of the fortifications. He lost 700 inea killed and wounded. IKK) rebel cavalry made a raid into Maysville, Ky., and took about iglGjlXiO worth of goods, paying therefor in Oonfeflerate money; they took also alx>ut iH,0<.>0 of goVernment property. Hine’a guei rillas routed near Bardstown, Ky.; 4 killed and 1 ca}>tured. The English and Austrian eel government. The Army of the Potomac moved north, to counteract Lee’s movements in the 8henaa- tloah Valley. j* 15th.—Getreral IMTlroy evacuated Winchester this morning, at 1 o’clock, spiking his guns; four miles out he was compelled to cut his way throu^. He lost about 2,hU0 men, 3 batteries of artillery, 6,(X>0 muskets, 2S0 wagons, etc. President Lincoln called out 10(),i>00 men lor six months. Governor Curtin, of I’ennsylvania, called out 50,(K)0 militia to re])el the threatened invasion. Jenkins’ retel cavalry entered Chambers- burg at y P. M.; they burned the i^iilroad bridge at Scotland, si.x miles from ChambersJ^urg. The>a'ebela occupied llarper’s Ferry. General Tyler retreated to Maryland Hights, and shelled them out, when they retreated to Williamsport. Colonel ymith was surrounded by the rebels at Hagerstown, and, after fighting an hour and a half, was compelled to surreutler. Fight in Fleming County, Ky.; rebels defeated, with severe loss ; Union loss, 15 killed and 50 wounded. The rebel iron-clad Atlanta, formerly the Fingal, was (aaptumd in Warsaw Sound by the Patapsco and Weehawken. General Ellet’s marine brigtide, 2,300 strong, drove 3,500 rebels out of Richmond, La., captured 30, and burned the town ; Union loss slight. 17th.—The 4lh and Gth Wisconsin Regiments captured in an assault on the rebel works at Port Hudson. 2,00o rebel cavalry advanced 11 miles beyond Chambersburg, in the direction of Harrisburg. General Blunt forbade the circulation, in his de[)artment, of the New York Cancaxian, Chicago Times, Columbus Crisis, Cincinnati Enquintr, and New York World. Federal forces evacuated Frederick, Md. Skirmish at Aldie, Va.; 70 men, including several olKeers, ea})tured. 18th.—300 rebel cavalry made a dash into Placpiemine, La., and burned six steamers and 75 bales of cotton. The place was not garrisoned. Harrisburg, Penn., fortified. Jenkins’ cavalry evacuated Chambersburg at 1 P. M. The rebels captured and burned a train of 2;5 cars, at Point of Rocks, Md., and e.arried otf the jiassengevs. Hagerstown occupied by General Rhodes and 3,000 Confederates. General Lee occui>ied Thorougli- fare Gap. General Hill’s corps at Dumfries. 200 of the 4lh Kentucky (rebel) t'avalry crossed the Ohio River into Indiana. At Orleans they had a right with the Mitchell Horne Guards; 3 of the guards were killed and 20 vvounded. The country was aroused, aird the raiders pursued. Gen¬ eral YlcCleruand relieved of the command of the 13th .Yrmy Corps by General Grant, and General Ord appointed to succeed him. loth.—Aeronautic Corps of the army disbanded. Jenkins’ rebels plun¬ dered McCounellsburg, l^enn., and drove off $12,000 worth of cattle. General Kili)atrick’s caviilry had a fight with Stuart’s advairce, at Middle- bury, noiu' AMie. The engagement lasted all day, the rebels being repulsed in every eliarge; they were finally driven from the field. The rebel force vvhicli crossed the Ohio River yesterday were defeated hy June, 18G3.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 109

the Home Guards; 54 were captured. Colonel Hines and one man escaped by swimming the river; the remainder were eitl.er killed or drowned. 20th.—A letter from Fort Scott gave an ac;count of the squelching of a rebel recruiting commission in iS’ew Mexico and Colorado. They were 1!) in number, including three colonels, one lieutenant-colonel, one major, and four captains. The Usages attacked, killed, scalped, and decapi¬ tated the whole party. The lion. A. J. Borman elected Governor of the new State of West Virginia. General Schenck called on the citizens of Baltimore to rally to' the defeu.se of the city. Baltiq^ore appropriated $KK),00U for the defense of the city. Vallaudigham rah the blockade at Wilmington. 2l.st.-^The rebels attacked the railroad bridge at La Fourohe (La.) Crossing, but were repulsed, leaving their dead and woundeil. The rebel steamer Victory, with 1,000 bales of cotton on board, captured by the Santiago de Cuba. The rebels fortified liager.stown. A force of rebel CHvtt>i-y reached Gettysburg. Colonel Carter, with 3,000 cavalry, was in East Tenne.ssee, on a I'aid; he destroyed the railroath Kansas, at Westport, Mo., and, after fighting for near two miles, killed 2G and wounded G of them. The guerrillas were afterward pursued by another force, and 3 killed, 1 wounded, and 14 captured. 25th.—Fight at Guy’s Gap, Tcnn.; Union loss, 65 killed and wounded. Fi'dit at Liberty Gap, Tenn., between Cleburne’s division and Willich’s, Wilder’.s, .and Carter’s brigades. After an hour’s fight the rebels were defeated, with heavy lo.ss; Union loss, 40 killed amfluO wounded. The steam-tran.sport Lebanon, loaded with ammunition and government stores, sunk near Hurricane Island, Ghio River; vessel and cargo a total lo.ss. General Uix occujjied White House, Va. General Logan blew up an angle of P'ort Hill, at Vheksburg, and occupied the work. Jeff' Davis , called*upon Alalxima for 70,000 men, to jiroteet that State from invasion. Skirmish at McConnellsburg, Penn.; the Unionists retired before superior numbers. The Uuion forces, being insufficient to hold it, evacuated Car-

2Gth.—Gettysburg, Penn., occupied by Early’s division of Longstreet’s corps. General Rhodes’ division occupied Chamliersburg. The revenue- ontter Caleb Cushing cut out by the rebels in Portland (Maine) harbor; two steamers were sent in pursuit. Colonel Spear’s 11th Pennsylvania Cavalry captured 111 prisoners, including General W. F. 11. Lee, also 310 mules, lio wafons, and 75 horses. The 11th lost 3 killed and 8 wounded. The rebels recaptured Berwick’s Bay and Brasheur City, La., and occupied the whole country of the Lafourche. l,tHX) prisoner.^, .30,000 rounds of ammunition, 30 pieces of artillery, $.30,0(X) worth of sutler’s stores, and a lar^e quantity of medical stores were captured at Brashear. The relWa committed great atrocities at the couU’abaud camp near Brasheaiii 10 HICTORY OF THE WAR. [June, 18G3. slauglitering. in

B^fyirioHr, of New York, ordered the enlistment of 30 regiments in New York City and Brooklyn. General .Steadman, accom])anied by General Thoma.s, reconnoitered to within two miles of Tullahoma. Immense war meeting in Indianapolis, Ind. Jri.y 1, ISliS.—Battle of Gettiisbnrg, Penn.—The battle opened at 9 A. M. by an attack on the 1st and ilth Corp.s, by' the rebels under Longstreet and Hill; the l.st Corps being in advance, sustained the whole shock, until the other came up. The tight was severe and attended with heavy loss. Major-General Reynolds was mortally wounded. Fight at Carli.sle, Penn. The rebels were grailually driven back, and our forces occupied the town. The rebels afterward returned and demanded the surrender of the town, which being refused, they commenced to shell it; during the fight they made a detour and burned the barracks, gas-works, sev¬ eral lumber yards, and private buildings. Union loss is stated at ten wounded. Rebel loss not known. Cavalry fight at Hanover, Penn., last¬ ing nearly all the afternoon. Union loss about iitX). Rebel loss, 400 killed, wounded and prisoners, and six pieces of artillery. General Rosecrans’ advance occupied Tullahoma, Bragg having evacu.ated that place last night. General Negley had a .skirmish with the rebel rear, near Tulla¬ homa. 40 Unionists killed and wounded. Ten men were killed anted to turn Meade’s left flank, but were repuhse’d, losing 3,h

The Sioux Chiof, Little Crow, the leader of the Indian Massacre in Min¬ nesota, was killed near Jlutchinson, Minn. 4th.—Tlie day was celebrated throughout the North with appropriate rejoicings. Pre.sident Lincoln issued an addres.s to the country, an¬ nouncing a victory at <5ettyshurg. General Meade occupied Gettysburg. IJe issued a congratulatory letter to his arm}', thanking them for the glorious results of the recent operations, and'telling them he looks to them for yet greater eflorts. General Kilpatrick cajitured and burned, near Hagerstown, Md., nearly 300 wagons of Ewell’s train, and ran otfthe hor.ses. At 10 A. M., Vicksburg surrendercfl, and General Steele’s divi¬ sion marched in and occujjied the city, and the Federal flag was raised on all the public ))uildings. 31,277 prisoners, including 15 general officers, and 102 field officers, 30 .siege guns, 50,000 stand of arms, oesides a small lot of ammunition and store.s, 37 stand of colors were among the tro¬ phies. The garrison had been snbsi.sting on mule meat for the last four days, and were physically prostrated and destitute. About 1,200 women and children had been living in caves. 2,500 persons had been killed inside during the siege. Morgan’s rebels, 4,000 strong, defeated near Green River Bridge, by 200 Unionists in a stockade, after three and a half hours fighting. The Union loss was 6 killed, 23 wounded and taken prisoners; rebel loss, 50 killed, and 200 wounded. A flag-of-truce boat came down the James River to Fortress Monroe with Vice-President Stephens .and Commissioner Ould, as sjiecial messengers from Davis to President Lincoln. The President telegraphed to the Fortre.ss, declining to receive them. Batile at Helrna.—Holmes, Price, and Marmaduke, with 8,000 or 10,000 rebels, attacked the Union forces at Helena, Ark. Tlie battle lasted from 4 to 10 A. M., and was very .severe. The rebel loss was estimated at 1,.500 killed and wounded, 1,130 prisoners, and 2 pieces of artillery; Federal loss about 2.30 wounded. 5th.—Rebels retreated to Chambersburg and Greencastle, Penn., ab.an- doning their dead and wounded. Jeff Davis’ dispatches to liCe inter¬ cepted. Davis said he could not reinforce Lee, and ordered his return to Richmond. It was estimated that, to thrs jnorning, Lee had lost 6,000 men by desertion alone. Morgan, with 4,000 cavalry, attacked Colonel Hanson, with 500 men, at Lebanon. After .seven hours’ fight. Colonel Hanson was compelled to surrender. The rebel loss in the engagement was 3 killed, incliuiing Lieutenant Tom Morgan, a brother of the General, and 6 wounded ; Union loss, 9 killed, and 15 wounded. Fight at Wood- burn, on the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. 50 hor.ses, and 4 pris¬ oners taken from the rebels. Ten men of the 63d Indiana whipped 30 rebel cavalry near Lebanon, Ky. Vallandigham reached Halifax, N. S. General Sherman had a fight on the Big Black, with Johnston, who re¬ treated, losing 2,000 jn’isoners. General Rosecrans occujiied Winchester, Tenn. 6tli.—General Pleasanton occupied the mountain passes near Cham bersburg, impeding Lee’s retreat. Battle near Mercersburg, Penn., be¬ tween P’itzhugh Lee and General Pierce. General Gregg, of I-’lea son ton’s cavalry, had a figb.t with the rebels at Fayetteville, Penn., taking 4,000 prisoners. 10,00() prisoners ari'ived in Baltimore from the Army of the Potom;je.' Lee retreated toward the Potomac, his army utterly rotited, Ideade in close pursuit. The Potomac commenced rising to-night, de¬ stroying the rebel pontoon tiridgos. General Getty destroyed tlie Vir¬ ginia Central Railroad bridge over South .'\nna River. Alorgan stopjied the trains on the Tjonisville'and Nashville Railroad. Steamer Hibernian arrived at New York, bringing the news that the case of the. seizure of the Alexandra had been decided in favor of the. defendants. General Grant officially reported his loss at Vicksburg, and the battles preceding, at 1,243 killed, 7,095 wounded, and 637 missing. July, 18G3.] niSTORY OF TOE 'W’AR, 113

7th.—12.P.0 A. M., nlnrm bells rung in Louisville, enlling out the citizens to check the advance ol' Morgan, jlorgan’s advance, about 200, caritured the steamers Alice Dean, and J. T. McCombs, at Brandenlmrg, Ky. Hobson commenced his j)ur.suit of Morgan. The fall of Vicksburg was announced lo-da}’’, and caused great rejoicing throughout the loyal Slates. Captain Fit00 prisoner.s, 2 steainer.s, 60 guns, 5,000 small arms, 150,000 rounds car¬ tridges, and 44,800 lbs. of cannon powder were among (he captures. Great excitement in Louisville; mea.surg,s were taken for the (dty’s de- fen.se. Morgan, with 4,800 men, 5,000 horses, and 4 jiieces of artillery crossed the Ohio in the captured steamers. The steamer Alice Dean vsas burned, the McCombs was released. Tlie rebels immediately marched on Corydon, Ind. I'he Homo Guards of Jjeavenworth disputed their passage, but were overpowered by superior numbers. They lost 2 killed and 15 prisoners ; the rebels lost 2 killed, and several wounded. Great excitement through the State of Indiana. Militia called out and armed to resist tliis invasion. Bragg retreated across the Tennessee. Bouth Mountain and Hagerstown, Md., occupied by the Federals. Con- tinu.al skirmishing. General Grant promoted to Major-Gener.al, and Gen¬ eral Meade to Brigadier, in the regular army. General Kilp.atrick’s com¬ mand was surrounded near Hagerstown, blit cut their way out, with con¬ siderable loss. Gold fell to 25 per cent, in New York. 9th.—Corydon, Ind., surrendered to Morgan. He marched on Sey¬ mour, and destroyed the railroad and burned the depot. Border coun¬ ties of Indiana i)laced under martial law by Governor Morton. Port Hudson occupieil by General Banks. Over 500 wagons of Lee’s trains have been destroyed by P'ederal cavalry. Buford and Kilpatrick de¬ feated Stuart at Boonesboro, Va. 10th.—Salem. Ind., occupied by Pdorgan. He bumed the depot, tanks, etc., and de.stroyed tlie railroad. A portion of his forces occupied Green¬ ville and Paoli, then Vienna, where he burned the railroad bridge, and tore up a portion of the track. Lexington and Paris, Ind., were akso cap¬ tured. Martial law declared in Louisville. Cavalry skirmish at Bene- vola, near Hager.stown, Md.; rebels driven two miles. Lee succeeded in passing his ammunition and supplies over the Potomac, on a single bridge, at'William.sport. His main hody fell back in the evening to Fall¬ ing Waters, on the Potomac. Fight near Bharjisbiirg, lasting from day¬ light to 6 P. M., when Longstreet’s division was driven some miles. Hebei General Jenkins captured and sent to Fort McHenry. Attack on Charleston.—A fleet of 27 iron-clads, and 2.5 transports, made an attack on the rebel works on Morris Island. After a fight of three and a half hours, General Gilmore effected a landing, and immediately commenced the erection of batteries against Forts Wagner and Gregg, on the north end of the island, and which commanded the approaches to the city. About 150 Unioni.sts were killed, wounded, and captured in this action. Eleven heavy guns were captured from the rebels. General Sherman advanced against Jack.son, Miss., driving Johnston. The private library of Jeff Davis captured near Jack.son, and .scattered by the soldiers. General Blunt defeated the rebels near Foii Gibson, Ark. 11th.—Excitement in Indiana was inten.se. In Indianapolis the stores were closed, and the militia ordered out. Fully 20,000 men were in that city to-day. Assault on Fort Wagner.—A storming party of three regi¬ ments, under General Strong, made an assault on Fort Wagner this moi-uing. The flag was raised over the fort, but owing to the assaulting 8 114 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [July, 18G3. columns not being properly supported, they were repulsed. The lo.ss was about ;toO killed, w^ounded and i)risouer.s. j i2th.—A portion of Morgan’s force demanded the surrender of North i Vernon, Ind., which was refused. General Love, of the Indiana Legion, j marched to its relief, w'hen Morgan decamped. it’> men and their horses i were taken. Colonel Gavin’s Militia Regiment overtook Basil Duke’s ^ detachment at Sunman’s, when a tight ensued, which resulted in Duke’s retreat; losses unknown. Gun-boats had a fight with a portion of Mor¬ gan’s men, who attemjited to cross the river at Madison, Ind. Army of the Potomac followed close on the rebel rear, pressing them hard, and ! overtook them at Williamsport. Riot commenced in New York, in op position to the Conscription. The Provost-Marshal’s office was destroyed, with several other buildings. 13th.—Martial law declared in Cincinnati, Covington, and Newport, , Morgan making his w’ay into Ohio, burning and destroying bridges and I railroads in his way. He crossed the Big Miami this evening, and burned the bridge. Colonel Rise’s Militiamen had a fight with a party of rebels at Mitchell, Ind.; they took 20 prisoners. Rebels destroyed the railroad near Sunman’s. General Kilpatrick occupied Hagerstown. Rebels fell back to Wdliamsport. Colonel Hatch dispersed the rebels at Jackson, Tenn., released 500 conscripts. All their artillery, and 250 horses ffiken, and 200 rebels killed, wounded, and captured. Yazoo City occu¬ pied by General Herron. 250 rebels were captured. Fort Powhattan, on James River, occupied by Union forces. Riot in New York on the in¬ crease. 20 persons were killed by the rioters. Tribune Buildings were attacked, but the police drove them off. The Colored Orphan asylum was burned, and numerous other outrages were committed. In the En¬ glish House of Commons, Mr. Roebuck withdrew his motion for a recog¬ nition of the Southeni Gonfederacy\ 14th.—Lee crossed the Potomac at Williamsport and Falling Waters. Union cavalry, under Kilpatrick, captured 1,500 prisoners, 3 battle-flags, a section of artillery, and a lot of small arms belonging to Lee’s rear guard at Falling Waters. Morgan reached Williamsburg, and Batavia, Ohio. At Miam’iville he destroyed the Little Miami Railroad, and fired into an accommodation train, and burned the cars. At Loveland he de- stroyetl 50 government w'agons. Two companies of Colonel bhryock’s regiment oi’ Indiana Militia fired into each other near Law’renceburg, killing 7, and wounding 20 others. Several large business hou.ses in New York sacked by the rioters. Tlie military fired on the mob, killiitg and wounding over'100 of them. Rosecrans took about 4,000 prisoners in his forward movement. 15th.—Rioting still continued in New York, though sometvhat cheeked. Disturbances occurred at Newark, N. -L, Boston, IMass., Brooklyn, York- ville, and Harlem, N. Y., but were speedily quelled. Morgan reached Georgetown, Ohio. Great excitement in Ohio. Militia pouring into Camp Chase. Lee still retreating toward Richmond, his army demoral¬ ized, and desertions frequent. iPresident Idneoln appointed* the 6th of August as a day of thanksgiving and prayer, for the recent successes t® the Federal arms. Vnllandigham arrived at Chiton House, on the Canada side of Niagara Falls, and issued an address to the people of Ohio, ac¬ cepting thehomination for Governor of Ohio. Geo. W. L. Bickley, chief of the K. G. C’s, arrested at New Albany, and sent to the military prison at Louisville. Battle of Honeti Springs, Ark.—General Blunt, with 3,500 men, and two batteries, attacked and defeated 6,000 rebels, and 4 pieces of artillery, under Cooper, at Honey Hprings, Ark. The fight lasted from 934 A. M. to 1% P. M., when the rebels retreated, conte.«tiiig the ground, having burned all their stores. Their loss was fully 300 men; Uniou loss, 50. 400 stand of arms, and one 12 pound howitzer were captured. Previous to the beffle, General Blunt marched 60 miles in 24 hours. A ^^ly, 1863.1 HISTORY OF THE WAR. 115

iflvalry force from Charleston, Va., attacked atul destroyed the town of ♦V’ytheville, Va., and cut the line of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad; 120 prisoners, 3 pieces of artillery, and 700 small arms were ca})tured. Rebel loss, about 75 killed and wounded ; Union loss, 65 killed and wounded, including Colonel Toland, of the 34th Ohio, commanding the expedition, killed. 16th.—Morgan reached Piketon, Ohio, which surrendered to him. He was closely pursued by the Union forces, under Generals Judah, Shackel¬ ford, and Hobson. Morj^an burned the bridge over the Scioto. Lee’s army occupied the neighborhood of Winchester, Va. New York nearly ?uiet. Andrews, the leader of the rioters, was arrested and sent to Fort Lafayette. .4ttaek on Fort Darling abandoned. The steamer Imperial arrived at New Orleans from St. Louis, the first boat through in two years. The privateer Florida arrived at Bermuda, and saluted the British flag, which was returned. 17th.—Morgan surrounded near Gallipolis, Ohio, but managed to cut his way through with a small portion of his force. Colonel Runkle had a three-hours’ fight with him near Berlin, Ohio ; three rebels were killed. Riot in New York nearly quelled, and the military withdrawn from a great portion of the city. Mayor Opdyke advised the citizens to remain quietly in their houses and places of busine.ss, but to be jirepared for any emer¬ gency. The draft took place quietly in a majority of places in the East. General Canby placed in command of the Department of the East. The Department of North Carolina added to the Department of Virginia— General Foster in command ; head-quarters at Fortress Monroe. Gen¬ eral Stanley occupied Huntsville. General Ransom occupied Natchez. 18th.—General Meade crossed the Potomac in pursuit of Lee. The 3d battalion of the 5th Ohio Cavalry and a detachment of the 6Gth Illinois surpri.'ied and captured a force of between 3,000 and 4,000 rebels, encamped near Rienzi, Miss., with the intention of attacking Camp Davis, near Corinth. Furious bombardment of Fort Wagner, ending with an assault on the works, which was repulsed with severe loss on both sides. It was so dark that friends fired upon and killed each other. General Parke attacked Jackson, Miss., but found that it had been evacuated, the rebels firing the city in several jilaces; 40 locomotives and large amounts of other rolling-.«tock and rebel stores were captured. Admiral Porter re¬ ported the capture, up the Red River, of the rebel steamer Louisville, one of the largest in their service; also, up the Tensas, of the steamer El¬ mira, loaded with supplies for the rebel army. Several others were burned by the rebels. The expedition captured also 15,000 rounds smooth-bore ammunition, 10,000 Enfield cartridges, 724 rounds fixed ammunition, 52 hogsheads of sugar, 10 puncheons of rum, and immense amounts of other stores. Walker’s rebels were left entirely without ammunition. 19th.—The rebels attempted to drive the Federals from James Island, but were unsuccessful. Blorgan retreated toward Bealsville, where about 300 of his men managed to cross the river before the arrival of the gun¬ boats. More infantry coming down the river. Morgan’s band was im¬ mediately surrounded and surprised, and all taken prisoners, except about l,.5(jo, w'ho managed to e.scape to near Buffington Island, a few miles above Pomeroy, Ohio, where Generals Hobson and Judah came up with him about 9 o’clock. They immediately commenced an attack. Mor- fan made two attempts to cross the river, but was prevented Viv the gun- oats. In the fight which ensued, the rebels lost 40 men killed and their artillery; the balance escaped. Basil Duke and a brother of Morgan were captured. 20th.—General Shackelford reported that he brought Morgan to a stand at 3 P. M., and had a fight of an hour, when Morgan and a small squad fled, the balance surrendering. Lee commenced to move his army up the Valley. General Gilmore commenced the siege of Fort Wagner by 116 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [July, 1863. regular approaches. Federal cavalry from Nowbem destroyed the Wil¬ mington and Weldon Kailroad at Horky Mount, JN. C., burned the long bridge over the Tar River at tliat jilaee,’ one of the most costly atructurer. A Union force occupied the north bank of the Rappahannock, near Rappahannock Station. Gold worth 1100 per cent, premium in Richmond. The Mayor of Savannali, Ga., ordered all citizens to organize for home defense. 2Sth.—The steamer Imperial arrived at St. Louis from New Orlean.s. Johnston retreated beyond the Pearl River, pursued by Grant’s forces. A force of rebels, under Pegram, about 2,500 strong, with six pieces of artillery, attacked a small dJnion garrison at Richmond, Ky. After a severe fight of an hour, the Unionists w-ere compelled to fall back to the Kentucky River. 29th.—Fight at Leiciagton, Tenn.* rebels defcatedj with the loss of Aug., 18G3.] HISTORY OF THE WAR, 117

their colonel, 27 prisoners, and 2 pioces of artillery. Pegram’s and Bcott’s force.‘«, 2,500 strong, left Richmond, Ky., ero.s.sed the Kentucky River, and attacked the Union forces. Alter a sharp tight of two hours, the rebels rctreateil toward Winche.ster, followed by the Union cavalry. General Gilmore’s batteries wore within 250 yards of Fort Wagner and 134 niiles of Fort Sumter. 500 guerrillas captured near Helena, Ark. William L. Yancey buried at Montgomery, Ala. 80th.—Morgan and Cluke, with 2« others, were confined in the Ohio penitentiary. Gilmore’s operations against Fort Wagner progressed favorably. Colonel Saunders attacked the main body of Pegram’s and Scott’s rebels at Winchester, Ky., and, after an hour’s hard fighting, drove them toward Irvine, the rebels losing part of their wagons and camp eciuipage. At Irvine they were met by a detachment of the 14th Kentucky, who, after a sharp skirmish, killed 7, wounded 18, and cap¬ tured 75, and drove them across the river. Saunders then came up and • cros.sed the river in pursuit. The guerrilla Richardson is.sued an order requiring all able-bodied citizens of West Tennessee, between 18 and 45 years of age, to repair to his head-quarters, under pain of death and de¬ struction of property if they refused or resisted. General Herron’s divi¬ sion destroyed a large amount of rebel stores, and captured a large (quantity of salt and large numbers of cattle, intended Ibr Lee’s army, bkirmish in Saline Cbunty, Mo., between the enrolled militia and guer¬ rillas ; several were killed and w'ounded on both sides. 31st.—General Burnside placed the State of Kentucky under martial law, believing the rebel raid was for the purpose of influencing the election on the 3d ot August. The Union troops occupied Fredericksburg flights. General Meade issued an order, holding citizens along the line ol the Orang^and Alexandria Railroad responsible for any damage to the road. 'I’he rebels under Scott burned a train of GO wagons near Stamford, Ky. Colonel Saunders again came up with the rebels, five miles north of Somerset, and drove them in confusion to Lancaster; 20 rebels were killed and wounded, and 181 captureil. Union loss trifling. August 1, 1863.—President Lincoln is.«ued a proclamation that he would retaliate in kind for any ill-treatrnent of the Union soldiers, whether black or w'hite, by the rebels; that the Federal uniform must be respected. Peterhotf case decided to-day, adverse to the claimants. General Buford drove Stuart’s rebels miles from Rixppahannock Station, when the rebels were reinforced, and Buford was compelled to withdraw; he brought away over 100 prisoners; his loss was 4 killed and GO wounded. Rebel guerrillas surprised, captured, and destroyed a government train of 20 wagons, on Whitewater, 10 miles from Cape Girardeau; the team¬ sters ana negroes carried otf. Richmond papers admit large desertions fi’oin Johnson’s army. 2d.—Siege of Charleston progressed slowly but favorably; the Iron¬ sides within 500 yards of Sumter; 500 prisoners were token, after a short resistance, on Folly Island. A fierce engagement took place to-day, in which the Ironsides, the Ottowa, and another gunboat, with the works on Morris Island silenced, the rebel batteries. 3d.—Copperhead not in South English, Keokuk County, Iowa; the leader of the rioters was killed. Military called out, and riot subdued. Gov. Seymour, of New York, asked the I’resident to suspend the draft and order a new enrollment. Lee’s army was encamped hetween Rapi- dan Station and Orange Court-liouse, Va. Colonel Spear reported that his expedition had crossed the Chowan River, at Win.-^ton, N. C., charged on the rebels in force at Jackson, near the Roanoke, and drove them back, taking 76 prisoners, 60 bales of cotton, and 100 horses. He lost 2 killed and 3 wounded. 4th.—Drafted men commenced going into the camp of the Army of the Potomac. Steamer Ruth, valued at $100,000, burned at the foot ol Island 118 HISTORY OP THE WAR. [Aug., 1803.

No. 1; she had on board a number of paymasters; 5^2,500.000 in Treasury notes were burned with the boat; 30 live.s were lost. Fight at Brandy Station, Va., between 0,000 of Stiiart’.s cavalry and 3 brigades of Union troops, 12 pieces of artillery, and Major Brock'haus’s horse artillery; the fight lasted from 2 o’clock till night, when Stuart retreated. He stated his loss at 6 killed—18 wounded. Rebels cannonaded the Union works from their batteries on James and Morris Lslands, but did no damage. 5th.—Large numbers of refugees Irorn East Tennessee arrived at Lex¬ ington, Ky. A body of 300 of them had a tight in Powell’s Valley, near the Cumberland Mountains, with 400 rebel cavalry, and defeated them ; tliey lost 05 of their number taken prisoners. Jelf Lavis issued an earn- e.st appeal to Confederate officers and soldiers to return immediately to their various camps. .4.n attempt was made to blow up the gunboat Bar¬ ney, by a torpedo, in the James River, below Fort Barling; the bow of the boat was lifted about ten feet, and was deluged with water, which washed overboard Lieutenant Cushing and 15 of the crew; 2 men were drowned. The guerrillas fired into the lleet, and Acting Master Cox, of the Cohas- set, was killed. GO armed refugees entered the camp of General Lodge, at Corinth, Miss., having fought their way from Waynesboro’, Tenn. 6th.—Day of Thanksgiving ordered by the I’resident for recent victo¬ ries. Ship F. B. Cutting, with 230 passengers, from Liverpool, was cap¬ tured, in latitude 41° in', longitude 44° 20', by the rebel Florida, and released under bonds of $10,000. 7th.—Mails have been made up daily betw’een Memphis and New Or¬ leans, via Mississippi river. President Lincoln replied to Governor Sey¬ mour that he could notconsent to suspend the dral't in New York City, as time was important; but that the enrollment of some districts should be revised. General Sibley reported that he had fought 3 desperate wigage- ments with 2,200 Sioux Indians, and had driven them acro.ss the Mis- soui’i River, with the loss of all their equipments, and 150 in killed and wounded. Sibley’s loss was 7 men. 9th.—General Banks had re-occupied the whole of the Teche country. 10th.—Ensign Benjamin H. Porter, of the New Ironsides, with a picked crew, w'ent up during a furious bombardment of the forts, this evening, to the obstruction in Charleston Harbor, and spent considerable time in examination, and returned in safety. 11th.—An expedition from Natchez to Woodville, Miss., destroyed 5 locomotives, 12 passenger and 43 platform cars, a large cotton factory, and a quantity of goods; tlie value of the property destroyed was e.sti- mated at $2,000,OOd. Union meeting in Washington, N. C. The Raleigh (N. C.) Standard still continued its defiant tone against the rebel govern¬ ment. 12th.—General Davidson’s command, from Cape Gir.ardeau, Mo., reach Clarendon, Ark.; on the march they had several fights with the rebels; one at Trenton. 30 men, under Lieutenant Mills, of the 1st Cavalry, routed 100 guerrillas under Colonel Weatherby. General Gilmore, find¬ ing he could do nothing against Forts Wagner and Gregg while Sumter commanded them, turned his attention to that Fort. After several days’ preparation, he succeeded in breaching the rear wall. Robert Toombs exposes, in a letter, the bankruiitcy of the Confeiieraey. 13th.—General Steele’s ex})edition against Little Rock left Helena. A force of rebels under Colonel Coffee attacked the 6th IMissouri State lililitia, under Colonel Catherwood, at Pinoville, Mo.; the rebels were routeil, with a loss of nearly 100 killed and wounded; a large number of prisoners, arms, horses, aiid cattle were cajitured. Lieutenant-Colonel Phillips’s expedition against Grenada, Miss., left Lagrange, Tenn. 14th.—Rebel raid into Poolsville, Md.; but little damage done. Rebels burned the bridge over the Tennessee, at Bridgeport. General Gillmura Aug., 1863.J HISTORY OF THE -VVAR. 119

► opened his 200 pounder Parrotts upon Fort Sumter. Colonel Winslow’s ' expedition against Grenada left Yazoo City. Fight with guerrill.a3 at Is'ew Bloomtield, Callaway County, Mo.; several of them wounded. 1 ^15th.—Itebel .steamer Hudson ran the blockade at Morehead City, ( N. C., by hailing the lleetand reporting. Territic bombardment of Sumter; t the walls were bre.ached. A large body of guerrillas attacked and defeated i by a scouting party from Cape Girardeau ; 10 of the rebels were killed. , Lieutenant Wood and 71 men of the rebel navy attempted to c.apture a i United States gunboat on the Piankatank Liver, but were surprised, and I only the Jjieutenant and 4 men escapeil. 10th.—Lee moved a jiortion of his army toward Dumfries, for the pur¬ pose of outflanking General Meade. Gunboat Cincinnati, sunk during I the .siege of Vicksburg, has been raised and repaired. Blockade-runner Alice Vivian was captured while running the blockade; she had on board 675 bales of cotton, and a large quantity of turj>entine. English screw steamer Cronstadt, witli a cargo of cotton, tobacco, and turpentine, cap- I tured by the ste^amer Rhode I.sland, for a violation of the blockade at Wilmington, N. C. General Kosecrans commenced his movement I toward Chattanooga. General Burnside’s army left Camp Nelson for 1 East Tennessee. Steamer San Jacinto captured the rebel steamer Lizzie l>avis, in latitude 25° 58', longitude 85° 11'. 17th.—General Hurlbut, learning that the rebels had collected a great quantity of stores at Grenada, resolved to destroy them. Accordingly, I on the 18th, a force under Lieutenant-Colonel Phillips, of the 9th Illinois, " left Lagrange, Tenn., arul reached Grenada to-day, attacked and drove the rebels, 2,000 strong, with 3 pieces of artillery, under General Skinner, from the town. He destroyed 57 locomoti vesj and over 400 cars, depot buildings, machine shops, and a large quantity of ordnance and commis- I sary .stores. General Hurlbut had retiuested General Grant to make a ' diversion in his favor from the South. Accordingly, Colonel Winslow’s ex{)edition was sent out from Yazoo City on the 14th, and entered Gren¬ ada about the same time. Four large rebel war-vessels have run the blockade of Wilmington within the last .six weeks; to-night one went in i carrying the British Hag. The grand attack on Sumter commenced at ' daybreak; the bombardment continued with vigor all day; the fleet eng.aged Wagner and Gregg, silencing Wagner, and nearly silencing Gregg. Fort Sumter was badly scari'ed. The fleet retired at 2 P. M., but the shore batteries kept up a cannonading all day and night; Captain Rodgers and Paymaster Woodbury, of the navy, were the only Federals killed during the attack. 18th.—British steamer Hebe de.stroyed by the United States steamer Kiphon, wtiile attempting to run the biock.ade off New Inlet, N. C. 19th.—The gunboats on White River, .'Vrk., captured 3 or 4 rebel boats with their cargoes and crews, and effectually cleared the river of rebels. Guerrillas attenjited to blow up, with torpedoes, a train on the Memphis and Charleston Railroad, but failed. Itort Sumter crumbling under the lire of Gillmore's batteries. Steamer City of Madison blown up by the explosion of some percussion shells, with which she was being loaded; she was literally blown to atoms; some 50 persons were killed. 2nth.—Immense Union mass meeting of War Democrats at Indi.anapolis. The Richmond WhUj of to-day states that while the number of soldiers on the rolls of General Lee’s army during the flghts before Richmond was 120.000. the number aetiiallv jiresenfin the battle was only 48,000; at Sharpsburg the rolls showed 140,(XK», while there were present only 35,0(X); at Gettysburg about the .same, the balance being absentees and deserters. 2i.st.—About 0 o’clock last evening, Quantrell, with about 800 guerrillas, crossed from Missouri into Kansas, about 00 miles below LawTence, and immediately marched on that place, where they arrived at 4 o’clock 120 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [Aug., 1803

this morning; the citizens being enfirely surprised and unarmed, made no defense: the guerrillas immediately fired the town, and commenced shooting citizens and pillaging; 00 persons were shot dead in the streets. The guerrillas committed great atrocities, killing and burning tire bodies and robbing houses of ail money and valuables, even to the jewelry from women’s lingers. 100 persons were killed, many of them women and children ; nearly 000 were -more or less wounded. Over i!:2,000,0(«J worth of property was destroyed, among which were 182 houses. General James H. Lane, who was in the town, escaped on horseback, and, rallying about 200 men, followetl and fought Quantroll 12 miles south of Lawrence. Quantrell fle-l, closely jiursued by the infuriated Kansans. Rosecrans’s advance, under Colonel Wilder, shelled Chattanooga. United States brig Bainbndge foundered at sea; one man only saved. General Gil 1- inore’s 3o0 pounder Parrott gun burst off at the muzzle at the seventh discharge, but he continued to u.se it with great ett'ect. Rebel steamer Everglade sunk near Tybee Island, Ga., while attemjiting to get to sea; 22 passengers captured.* Price and Marmaduke’s forces concentrated at Bayou Meteor, Arlt.; supposed to be 35,000 strong. General Burnside's army left Crab Orchard, Ky., for East Tenn. South-west face of Sumter completely demolished; General Gillmore demanded its surrender, and that of Morris Island, threatening to shell Charleston in four hours. 22d. Gold in Richmond, 1,000 ; for Greenbacks, 1,200. Colonel Wilder burned a railroad bridge at Shell Mound, severing communication be¬ tween the rebel right and left wings. 23d.—General Blunt, with 0,000 men and 12 pieces of artillery, crossed the Arkansas and otfereil battle to the rebels, 11,000 strong, under Cooper and Steele ; after a faint show of resistance, the rebels tied in disorder', abandoning all their property; Blunt in pursuit. Genei’al Gillmore ojrened his “ Swamp Angel ” on Charleston at 12 o’clock, midnight. Skirmish at Lafayette, Tenn.; 4 rebels killed and 7 wounded. 24th.—General Gillmore reported that, after 7 days bombarding. Fort Sumter was practically demolished—that it was no longer of any avail in the defenses of Charleston. General Jeff Thomp.son and all his staff'and 100 officers and men captured at Pocahontas, Ark. Quantrell’s guerrillas overtaken at Big Creek, near Harrisonville, Mo., and a number killed. Over 00 of Quantrell’s band have been killed since they left Lawremie, and a considerable quantity of the goods taken were recaptured. A rebel cavalry force crossed the Rappahannock at Corbin’s Neck, 6 miles below Fredericksburg, but were speedily driven back, with severe lo.ss. Copperhead riot at Uanville, III.; 3 men killed. Colonel Winslow’s command arrived in Memjihis from Grenada, bringing in over 100 pris¬ oners ; they had a skirmish on the Coldwater, in which the rebels were defeated; Union loss, 1 killed and 4 wounded. 2.5 of the 2d Massachu¬ setts cavalry hail a brisk skirmish with a body of Itlosby’s cavalry, near Fairfax, Va., in which they lost 2 killed, 3 wounded, and a prisoners, and all their horses; 15 of the horses were afterward retaken; the rebels lost 2 officers killed, I officer and 3 men wounded. Mosby himself supposed to be mortally wounded. 25th.—Gunboats Satellite and Reliance, of the Potomac Flotilla, cap¬ tured by the rebels, at the mouth of the Rajipahannock. General Kil¬ patrick, with a force of Union cavalry, afterward sunk the Satellite, and made the Reliance unreliable. In consequence of the late X'aids into Kansas, the inhabitants of Cass, Bates, and Jackson Counties, Mo., with a few exceptions, were ordered to leave their resideni,-es within 15 days. General Davidson, of General Steele’s expedition, occupied Brownsville, Ark., driving out Marmaduke, with 3,000 cavalry and 2 pieces of artillery. General Burnside cros.sed the line of Tennessee. 2Bth.—A reeonnoitering party, under Colonel Wistar, left Williamsburg, and pushed directly co Bottom’s Bridge, Va.; hero they met a regiment Sept., 18G3.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 121

of rebel infantry, supported by cavalry, and drove them from theif rifle-pits and across the bridge ; Union loss, 1 killed and I wounded. Skirmish on Elk River, Braxton County, Va.; 4 rebels killed and the balance of the gang scattered. Over luu,(iOO bales of Confederate States cotton capturetl near Natchez. Ceneral Herron's division ascended Red River. General Rosecrans prepared to cross tlie Tenne.ssee. Gene¬ ral Averill reported a series of engagements inGreenbriar andRo(',ahonta3 Counties, Va., in which the rel>tds, under iVIajor-General Jones and Colonel Patten, were defeated, and 30 prisoners an

Mobile. General Carter appointed Provost-Marshal-General of East Tennessee. 5th.—Imboden, with 12,000 men, attacked M.ajor Steven.s, with .300, at Moorefield, Hardy County, Va. Stevens fell V)ack to Cumberland without lo.ss. Forts Wagner and Gregg again furiously bombarded. General Franklin’s expe(rition left New Orleans. 0th.—Beauregard, finding the works of the besiegers had reached the moat of Fort Wagner, ordered its evacuation; the bombardment of Wagner and Gregg h.ad been incessant for 52 hours. Captain Coleman, of the yth Kansas,' destroyed Quantrell’s camp, and a large quantity of stores, at Sinabar, IMo.; 2 rebels were killed. 7th.—General Gillmore occupied Fort Wagner; 75 men and 36 guns were taken. Skirmish on Pigeon Creek, Logan County, Ky.; rebels routed, with a loss of 8 killed, 6 wounded, and 32 prisoners. Fight at Limestone Station, East Tennessee ; 3tK) Federals cajitured by the retxds under Colonel Haynes. Colonel Cloud, with 5U0 cavalry and 1 battery, defeated 2,000 rebels, under Cabell, between Fort Smith and Perryviile, Indian Territory. 8th.—An expedition, consi.sting of 20 boats, .34 officers, and 200 men from the fleet, made an attempt to seize and occupy Fort Siunter, but were repulsed, w'ith the loss of 14 officers and 06 men. General Franklin’s ex¬ pedition repulsed in an attack on Sabine City, Texas ; the rebels cajitured two gunboats. Cavalry skirmish at Bath, Va.; rebels defeated. Lturing the bombardment of Batteries Beauregard and Bee, in Charleston Har¬ bor, a shell from one of the lilonitors exploded the magazine of Fort Moultrie. Longstreet’s corps left the Rapjiahannock to reinforce Bragg. 0th.—Cumberland Gap, with 2,000 men and 14 pieces of artillery, under reliel General Frazer, surrendered, without firing a gun, to General Bhackelford ; 40 w'agons, 200 mules, and a barge quantity of commissary stores were captured. Office of the Raleigh, (N. C.) Standard destroyed by the 2d Georgia (rebel) regiment; the Standard waas defiant toward the rebel government. 1,800 rebels, under Jackson, attacked a small de¬ tachment of the 100th Ohio, atTilford’s, East Teimessee; afler a .stubborn fight of 3 hours, the Unionists were compelled to surrender; loss, 300 killed, wounded, and captured. Colonel Cloud defeated the rebels, under Colonel Stirman, at Darcianelle, Ark. General Crittenden’s advance took peaceable jios.session of Chattanooga, at 1 P. M., Bragg having evacuated it the day and night previous. 10th.—^General Bteele occupied Little Rock, Ark.; the rebels retreated South, pursued by General Davidson. General Steele’s loss w'as 20 killed and wounded. General Peck ordered the colonization of Roanoke Island by the blacks. Office of tlie Raleigh (.N. C.) State Journal de¬ stroyed by the citizens, in retaliation for the de.stniction of the Standard office. General Rosecrans arrived in Chattanooga. IMass celebrated in the Cathedral by the Archbi.shop. 11th.—Baltimore Itrpnhlican suppressed for disloyal sentiments. Skir¬ mish at Moorefield, W. Va. 15 rebels killed, 150 captured. 12t.h.—Sleamer Fox, which was captured by the rebels some time since, was chased into the Mississippi and burned. Steamer Seminole ca})tnred, off Rio del Norte, a British-built steamer 300 feet long, intended for a Confe

15th.—Rebels reported a loss^of 700 men in the struggle for Morris Island. General Burnside authorized the formation of the National Guani of East 'I'ennessee. loth.—General Rosecrans, in his movement against Bragg, had con¬ centrated his army on the West Ghickamaiiga, 12 miles from Lafayette, Ga.; Bragg, strongly reinforced by Longstreet’s corps from the ILippa- hannock, Ijeing in position on the’east side of that river. lUth.—Battle of the Chickamauga.—About 11 o’clock Bragg attempted to flank the left of Rosecrans’s army, but \vh.s detected, and General Tfiomas’s corps moved from the center to the lell, to counteract this movement. Longstreet’s corps wjis opposed to Thomas. The left wavered a little, but rallied, and, the whole corps advancing, the rebels retreated, and were driven a mile and a half, when Thomas was compelled to halt by the center not advancing. At 2 P. M., Polk’s and Hill’s corps of the rebel army were hurled against McCook and Crittenden, which they succeeded in breaking and driving back; but the Eederals being reinforced, the rebels were driven back, and the Union army occu])ied its original ground. 2(»th.—The Battle of the Chicknmavga was reopened this morning at 8]4 A. M., by a fierce attack on the left of the line under Thomas, but the attack was unsuccessful. Thomas’s men had constructed a breastwork of rails and logs, and maintained their ground against the repeated as¬ saults of the enemy. The right and center, being vigorously attacked, broke in confusion. Thomas, tinding himself alone, retreated to the base of a spur of the iMission Ridge, and here, being reinforced by two brigades of the reserve and portions of the other corps, he repulsed the rebels, and maintained his position till dark, saving the army. At night he fell back to Rossville. The Union losses in the two days’ battles w'ere 1,044 killed, 9,202 wounded, and 4,945 missing—total, 15,851. The rebel re¬ ports place their loss at 10,499 killed and wounded, and 1,500 prisoners. The siege of Charleston progressed favorably, Gillmore’s works increas¬ ing in strength and extent. General Meade commenced his advance. 21st.—This aflernoon the rebels made another attack on General Thomas, holding the rear of the army in its retreat, but they w'ere re- pul-sed, and the army fell back without inlerrujition to near Ch.attanooga. Generals Buford and Kilpatrick occupied Madison Court-house and Orange Court-house, Va., driving the rebels toward Gordonsville. The losses were 1 killed and 21 wounded ; 45 rebels were captured. 22d.—Hudson Place S.alt-works, near Larien, Ga., were entirely de¬ stroyed by a crew from the Seneca. 2;kl.—The rebel steamer Phantom, with a cargo of arms and munitions of war, was driven ashore by the Connecticut, at Wilmington, N. C., and destroyed ; the crew escaped. The forces of Hampton and Jones were defeated near Madison Court-house, Va. Union loss small; rebel loss, 60 killed and 85 prisoners. The British iron steamer Juno captured off AVilmington by the Connecticut. 24th.—General Palmer’s division was attacked near Chattanooga, but, after a fight of two hours, the rebels were repulsed, with considerable loss. The 12th Army Corps left the Rapidan to reinforce Rosecrans. 25th.—Mosby’s guerrillas attacked and dispersed at Upperville, Va.; 700 horses and mules wore recovered. 2Gth.—Genei'al Holmes succeeded General Price in command of the rebel troops at Arkadelphia, Ark. 27th.—The blockade-runner Jupiter, with a heavy cargo of medicines and liquors, in attempting to run the blockade, was captured by the Cimarron, off Savannah. 2Sth.—Generals McCook and Crittenden removed from their com- mand.s, and their corps (20th and 21st) consolidated, and numbered the 4th; General Gordon Granger was placed in command. The Virginia 124 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [Oct., 1863.

House of Delegates (rebel) rejected, unanimously, propositions lookin® toward peace. Tiie steamer Robert Campbell burned at Milliken’s Bend by an incendiary ; 26 lives and $60,000 vvo)'th of ])roi'>erty were lost. *29th.—Two rebels were killed and 50 or CO wounded*by the falling of the stairway of the Overton Military Prison, at Na.shville, Tenn. General Herron’s dfvision, under General *Dana, attacked the rebels near Mor¬ gan’s Bend, on the Missis.sijipi. The rebels were too strong, and Dana | fell back, losing several hundred killed and wounded, and i,500 prison¬ ers. The. rebels tlien assumed the offensive, and the gun-boats had to J be called in to check their advance. f 30th.—Rebel guerrill.as plundered r)rownsville, Tenn. OcTOJiER 1, 186:3.—Slierman’s corps moving to reinforce Rosecrans. General Meade’s official report, dated to-day, stated the loss in the Gettysburg campaign to be 2,83t killed, 113,709 wounded, and C,G43 miss¬ ing—total, 23,186. Captures were made of 3 guns, 41 standards, 13,621 prisoners, and 24,978 small arms. j 3d.—President Lincoln, by jiroclamation, appointed the last Thursday of November as a day of thanksgiving and prayer. Wheeler, with 4,000 rebel ca\Mry, made an attack on McMinnville, and captured the 4th Tennessee Infantiy, and burned one locomotive and ten cars. Colonel ^ McCook, with the 1st Wisconsin and 2d Indiana, was sent in pursuit. i 4th.—Colonel McCook overtook Wheeler’s cavalry at Anderson’s 1 Cross-roads, .and whi})ped them badly, killing and wounding 120, and | taking 87 prisoners, 500 mules, and large quantities of government stores. The rebels were driven ten miles. The steamers Chancellor, Forest * Queen, and Catahoula burned at St. Louis by incendiaries in the pay ol ; the rebel government; loss, $75,000. Skirmish at Blue Spring, Tenn.; j rebels defeated, losing 16 killed. Wheeler’s force appeared in front of j Mmfreesboro, drove the garrison into their intrenchments, and threat- j encd the town. They burned the railroad bridges over Stone River and ”, Stewart’s Creek. 5th.—The rebels made an unsuccessful attempt to blow up the new i Ironsides in Charleston harbor; the torpedo steamer sunk, and two j reb<^l officers were drowned. One officer was killed and two men wounded j on the Ironsides by shots from the rebel steamer. Rosecrans strongly > reinforced. About 2,000 of Marmaduke’s guerrillas entered South-wesi- ! ern Missouri on a raid. The rebels shell Chattanooga from Lookout Mountain. 6th.—85 guerrillas made a raid on Glasgow, Ky., and captured 300 J Feilerals and $4,0(10; the booty was afterward retaken. \ 7th.—Battle at Morrjanza, Lovinana.—General Dana’s infantry advance, 1 under Lieutenant-Colonel Le.ak, of the 20th Iowa, was surrounded, and 480 men cajttured Ity the rebels, under General Green ; the main body advanced, when the rebels retreated. Rebel cavalry captured J Shelhyville, Tenn., with all the force there. Skirmish at Como, Tenn., I lasting two hours. The Unionists were defeated, losing 37 killed, j wounded, and prisoners ; the rebel loss was much greater. General j Blunt’s staff and body-guard were attacked at Baxter’s Springs, near / Fort Scott, by :3(X) of Quantrell’s men in Federal uniform ; the escort I broke, and 78 out of 100 men w-ere captured, and afterward killed. Gen- k eral Blunt escaj^ed, and, meeting reinforcements, took command, and started in jmrsuit of the rebels. The rebel steamer R. E. Lee ran the blockade out of Wilmington, and escaped. She afterward went into Halifax, N. S. A rebel camp at Evening Shade, Lawrence County, Ark., | surprised and destroyed; 60 prisoners and a lot of horses and mules were taken. 8th.—Coffee and Shelby, with 2,000 rebels, entered W.arsaw, IMo., and commenccfi an indis(!riininate slaughter of the inhabitants. General Crook defeated Wheeler at Farmington, Tenn.; 300 rebels were killed, | Oct., 1803.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 125

vronndcd, and captured. Federal loss, 29 killed and 150 wonnded. The rehols burned Carthage, Mo. Battle near f^nJem, Miss.—S. lb. Ijoe, with rebels, attacked 1,500 Federals, under McCrellis and Phillips. Alter a .stubborn tight, the latter were flefeated, with the los.s of 15 or 20 killed and wounded. General Franklin’s advance, under General Weit- zel, encamped near Vcnnillionville, La. 9th.—Rebel batteries opened with gre.at effect on Gillmore’s works on Morris Isl.and. General Crook, in pursuit of Wheeler, came uj) with the rear guard, at Sugar Creek, Tcnn., captured 500 and scattered the re¬ mainder. 1,000 cavalry arms were also captured. The fight was a run¬ ning one for tifteen miles. The Knglish Government formally seized the rebel rams building in Laird’s ship-yard at Liverpool. loth.—Fiifht at Blue 8i>riiigs. Teini.—The rebels, 0,000 strong, were de¬ feated and driven from the field at sundown. Union loss, lOu killed and wounded ; 150 rebels were captured. Lee endeavored to flank Meade’s right. Meade arlvaneed his left against the rebel light, which compelled the recall of the reiiel infantry advancing against the right. Fight at Robertson’s River, near IMadisdn Court-house, Va. The Unionists, after a stubborn fight, fell back to Culpepper. General Gillrnore heavily re¬ inforced. Fight at Bible Ridge, near Greenville, East Teun.; the rebels tvtreated to Henderson. Hlh.—d’he rebel General Chalmers, with 5,000 men, attacked the gar¬ rison at Colliersville, Tenn., and drove them into the fortifications. A detachment of the Idth Regulars, with General Sherman, arrived during the tight, and, combining with tlie garrison, drove the rebels off with lieavv lo.s.s. The Union lass was 2(> killed, 50 wounded, .and 20 nii.ssing. IMeade retreated from the Rapidan, followed by Lee. General Kilpat¬ rick, covering the refiv'at, was surroiiinled by a portion of ICwell’s corps, ainl was compelled to cut his way out, w'hich he did, with the loss of 150 men. Three men, lately engaged in burning the steamboats on the Mis¬ sissippi, were arrested at Hernando, Miss. The steamer Union ca)>tured the blockade.-rnnner steamer Sjialding, from Nassau, with a valuable cargo. Four reliol colonels \vere also on board. The rebels again at- t.aeked at Henderson, and fell back to Bristol, Tenn. Their loss in the two d.ays’fight w'HS over .300 killed and wounded. The propeller Donro captured by the Nansemond, and burned. She had been taken before, and sold <‘i.s a jirizo. The British .schooner Friendship, loaded with nin- nitions of war, ca])tured otf Rio Brazos by the United States steamer Teiine.ssee. 12th.—Shelby and Coffee’s guerrillas reached Booneville, Mo.; they plutniered tlieliou.ses and towns on their route. At this place they met the Union forco.s, who defeated ami drove them toward Sedalia and Lex¬ ington. A detachment at Dugford, Mo., shared the same fate. 'J'hi-y were brought to a stand by (Jeiicral Brown, viitii the Mis.souri militia, at Merrill’s Crossing, eight miles from Marshall, ]\Io. The skirmishing la.'^ted till dark ; IG rebels were khlcrisoners and ,300 rifles were taken. The town was de.stroyed. (ioneral Brown utterly ilefeatcd Shelby’s guerrillas at Marshall, Mo., capturing their artillery and a large, portion of their train. Fight at Bulltown, West Va.; 155 men of the. (ith and nth West Virginia Rt'giment.s defeated, after a fight of twelve hours, a force of 8O0 guerrillas, killing and wounding 50 or GO; Union loss slight. Skirmish 126 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [Oct., 1863. on the Bi> Black, 18 miles below Vicksburg; rebels defeated, losing 16 killed and wounded. Union loss, 1 killed. 14tli.—General Foster reported that General Wistar’s second expedi- tion destroyed 150 boats and schooners, and captured 80 cattle and 24 prisoners. Battle at Bristow Station, Va.—Lee .attempted again to tuiu Meade’s right flank, but the movement was resisted by the 2d Corps, assi.sted by a portion of the 5th. The fight was very sevei'e. The rebels lost 400 killed and wounded, 450 prisoners, 2 colors, and a battery. _ Jeff Davis i.ssued an address to Bragg’s army, in which he claimed a victory at Chickamauga. Fight near iSlbunfsville, East Tenn.; rebels defeated, and driven toward Saltville. Three locomotives and 34 cars were cap¬ tured. Rebel loss, 8 killed, 26 wounded, and 10 captured ; Union loss, 5 wounded. 15th.—General Meade’s army reached the neighborhood of Manassas. General Grant assumed command of the military division of the Missis¬ sippi, comjirising the Departments of the Ohio, Cumberland, and Ten nessee ; head-quarters in the fieM. 16th.—The Army of the Potomac remained in line of battle all day at IManassas. The rebel agents conscripted with blood-hounds in Missis¬ sippi. 17th.—President Lincoln called for 300,000 more men, to be drafted January 5th, if not sooner raised by volunteering. The rebel army at¬ tempted to cross Bull Run at Union SIills, Mitchell’s and Blackburn’s Fords, but were driven back by the Federal artillery. Rebel loss, KX) killed and wounded ; Ptnion loss, 2 killed and 24 wounded. General Sul¬ livan’s scouts captui'ed 30 rebel cavalry, with their horses, arms, etc., at Martiusburg, Va. Guerrillas active between Washington and the army lines. Skirmrsh at Stuart’s, near Chantilly, Va.; six Federal pickets captur'ed. 18th.—General IMcPherscn had a sharp skirmish with rebel cavalry at Canton, Miss., and captured 200 prisoners. Lee commenced his retreat to the Rapidan. General Imbode.n surprised and captured the garrison in Charleston, Va.; 500 men, besides a quantity of supplies, were taken. The rebels lost 5 killed and 20 wounded. lOfh.—Skirmish at Thoroughfare Gap, between Lee’s rear-guard and Buford’s cavalry ; after four hours’ artillery fighting the cavalry charged, and drove the enemy in confusion. Lee’s army crossed the Rappahan¬ nock at Rappahannock Shition. General Rosecrans relieved, and wa.s succeeded by General Thomas, in command of the Army of the Cum¬ berland. Fight at Buckland’s Mills, Va., between Kilpatrick’s and Stuart’s forces ; Union loss about 100. 20th.—Lee retreated. IMeade in pursuit. General Sherman’s advance whip|)ed Wheeler’s cavalry at Barton Station, Tenn. Skirmish at Chero¬ kee Station, Ala., between the .5th Ohio Cavalry and the rebel cavalry. The rebels were defeated, losing 6 killed and 13 wounded ; Union loss, 2 killed. 21st.—The rebels attacked Colonel Woolford at Philadelphia, Tenn.. and captured his wagon-train .and battery of mountain howitzers. Rich¬ ardson’s guerrillas jfiundered the towns of Columbia and GreensVuirg, Ky. 2,500 men of the 15th Corps, under General Osterhaus, encountered 5,000 rebels, under Tjoring and S. D. Lee, at Cherokee Station, Ala.; the fight lasted an hour and a half, when the rebels fled, and were driven into their intrenchments at Tuscumbia. Union loss, 100; rebel loss, 300. General Franklin occupied Opelousas, La., after a sharp engagement near the town. The Nansemond drove ashore at New Inlet, Wilming¬ ton, N. C., the Venu.s, one of the largest and swiftest of the block.ade- runners. She had a valuable cargo. 22d.—Richardson’s guerrillas plundered B.ardstown, Ky., and burned the depot and a train of cars. 60 FederaLs, under Captain Bunch, de- Nov., 1863.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 137

feated 200 of Hawkins’s guerrillas, at Columbia, Tenn., killing 9, wound¬ ing several, and taking 12 prisoners. The “Ladies’ Ram’’ran out of Mobile. The Genesee fired two sliots at her, and the Colorado three, when she turned and put back. 24th —Major-Gener.'d Butler ordered to thecommand of the 18th .Vrmy Corps, and the Department of Virginia and North Carolina, General Fos¬ ter being relieved. 25th.—The rebels driven beyond the Pweet-water, Tenn. ; the fight was a desperate one. Rebel loss, over 300 ; Union toss nearly the same, and a battery of artillery. At Pine Plnf, Ark., 4,0(K> rebel cavalry, under Marinaduke and Cabell, attacked Colonel Clayton’s command, 7uu strong, but, after a short and severe fi^ht, were driven oft', losing 3uo killed and wounded ; Union loss, 11 killed and 33 wounded. 26th.—A party of North Carolina and Georgia Union refugees, about 600 strong, mak'ing their way to East Tennessee, were attacked at Warm Springs, Buncombe County, N. C., by a detachment of the 25th North Carolina Regiment. The reVicls were badly whipped, and forced to re¬ treat to Asheville, N. C. The rebels lost 6 killed and 30 wounded. The Unionists tinally Joined the Union forces in East 'I’ennessee. Bkirrnish near Bealton is'tation, Va. ; the Unionists, alter a sharp fight of several hours, were forced to retire to the lines near Georgetown; being rein¬ forced, they compelled the retreat of the rebels. Heavv bombardment of Forts Sumter, Moultrie, and Johnson. General Hooker's command left Bridgeport, Tenn., to clear tlie railroad of rebels, and to open tiie communications to Chattanooga. He was successful. 27th.—General W. T. Sherman appointed to command the Department and Army of the Tennessee, and General John A. Logan to command the 15th Army Corps. Shelby’s guerrillas driven out of Missouri. McNeil drove them across the Boston Mountains. Three Greek-fire shells thrown into the center of Charleston from the Morris Island bat¬ teries. 28th.—Colonel Caldwell, with 700 Federal troops, occupied .\rkadel- phia. Ark., driving out the rebel rear-guard, and capturing several hund¬ red pri.soners. 29th.—The rebels attacked General Hooker’s position at Wauhatchie, near Lookout iMountaia, at 2 A. M., but, after two hours’ severe fighting, were repulsed, and driven across Lookout Creek. Hooker lost 350 ofii- cers and'tnea killed and wounded, and took many prisoners, and 1,000 Enfield rifles. Lieutenant-Colonel Shively, with the 1st Middle Tennes¬ see Infantry, attacked Hawkins’s guerrillas at Piney Factory, Tenn., and routed them, pursued them to Centerville, where they made a stand, and were again defeated. The rebel loss was 20 killed and 66 wounded ; Union loss trifling. 30th.—General Boyle, commanding the Di.strict of Kentucky, seized all the corn along the line of the Kentucky Central Railroad for the use of the service, and prohibited the s.ale of any by the farmers to any but the Government. The sea-face wall of Sumter crushed in, burying 13 men of the 12th Georgia and 25th South Carolina Regiments. Union meeting at Fort Smith, Ark., at which it was resolved that Arkansas should oe a free State after the war. ai.st.—A conspiracytorelea.se the prisoners in the Ohio Penitentiary and Camp Chase and McLean Barracks came to light. Six of the lead¬ ers were arrested. Union meeting at Little Rock, Ark. NovF.MiiER 1,1803.—1,600guerrillas, under Newsom .and Faulkner, com¬ mitted gre.at depredations between Union City, Term., and Columbus, Ky. Collision on the Opelousas Railro.ad ; IG soldiers killed and 65 wounded. Union cavalry reach Florence. Ala., on a raid. 2d.—Newsom’s and Faulkner’s guerrill.is entered .’ilayfield, Ky., robbed and jilundored stores and citizens, and destroyed the railroad. General m PISTORY OF THE WAR. [Nov., 18(3.

Banks’s ftxpeditlon to Texas landefl on Brazos Island. UnsTiccftssfnl attenij)t to carry Fort Siunter by assault by a boat expeditiou I'roni the fleet. .'Id.—Baffle of Grand Cofcau.—The rebels, having received information from deserters of the strength and position of the Union forces, attacked in force at TJ o’clock to-day. General Burbridge’s division, the ailvanco of General Washburne’s force, encamped at Bnyou Boubeau, five nhle.<» from (irand Coteau, near Opelousas, La. The Unionists were compelled to yield to sujierior numbers, and were driven about a mile, when a new line was formed. Being reinforced by General McGinnis’s division, tha Unionists advanced again, but the rebels fled, first plundering and burn¬ ing the captured caihp. The Unionists occupied their old camj)iiig ground. The rebel force was 7,b<)0 strong, under Dick Taylor and Greene, and lost about 120 in killed and woumled, and 2(X) jirisoncrs. The Union force was 1,(>00, under General Burbridge, and lost 20 killed, 121 wounded, and 500 missing. The rebels, under (lhalmers, attacked Colliersville, Tenn., but, after a brief but sanguinary tight, were repulsed by Colonel Hatch and his commaml. The rebels lost several prisoners, among whom was General Gfairy and staff. Major Fitzgibbon and 120 men of the hUh IMichigan Infantry overtook the combined guerrilla force of Kirk, Cooper, Williams, and Scott, near Lawrenceburg, Term., and, after a severe hand-to-hand fight, defeated them. Robed loss, 8 killed, 7 wounded, and 21 captured ; Union loss, 3 men wounded and 8 horses killed. 4th.—General Banks’s force landed at Brownsvdle, Texas, and occupied the town and Fort Brown, driving the rebels through the streets, "^fhe funs of the fort had been thrown into the river, and part of the town urned by the garrison. 5th.—Colonel Hatch returned to Colliersville, Tenn., having driven Chalmers across the Tallahatchie. (>th.—Baffle of Lewiithnrtj, Va.—A detachment of General Averill’s cav¬ alry, under General Duftte, attacked the reltels under General Patton, and defeated them, capturing 3 guns, lOo prisoners, and a largo number of small arms, etc. Rebel loss in kiWed and wounded estimated at .350. Buttle of Droop Mountain.—The rebels under Jackson defeated by Gen¬ eral Averill’s cavalry. Fight on French Broad River, N. C., between a party of North Carolina Unionists and a rebel force sent to intercept thetn. The rebels were defeated. Many rebels deserted during the fight. 7th.—The rebels attacked General Burnside’s outposts at Rogersville, Tenn., 00 miles from Kno.xville, and captured 3iX) men of the 7th Ohio Cavalry and 2d East Tennessee Infantry and 4 guns, and retreated, fear¬ ing General Shackelford, who was in the neighborhood. Rebel loss, 2 killed and 8 woinnled. General IMcade eominenced his forward move¬ ment from Cedar Run. The .‘5d and (ith Corps cro.ssed the Rap])ahannock at Rappahannock Station and Kelley’s Ford, and, after a spirited eng.age- rnent, took the rebel rifle-pits and ISO prisoners and ooo Enfield rrtles. The rebels lost besides, 100 killed and 300 wounded ; Federal loss, 370. Over 1,'JOO prisoners, 4 guns, ami 8 battle flags were tak(m in this forward movement. The rebels destroyed the Jilemphis and Charleston Rail¬ road at IMiddleton, endeavoring to interrupt communications with the Army of the Cumberland. 8th.—Considerable fighting and skirmishing in the advance of Meade’s army on the south bank of the Rappahannock. The rebels retired across the Rapidan. Culpepper, Va., oecnpied Viy General Meade. Banks’s expedition in possession of Brazo.^, Bienville*, and Point Isabel. Olh.—Fight on the I.ittle Tennessee ; rebels repulsed, with the loss of 50 killed arid U) ])visi)nevs. 700 more prisoners captured near Culpepper, Vu. The steamer Allen Collier burned by guerrillas below Helena, Ark, Not., 186.T] HISTORY OF THR WAR 129

she was loaded with cotton, and was valued at ;^.']0,0on. Captain Barthel- oinew, of the >i;unhoat Eastport, was ca|)tiireix was ordered to Buffalo. Skir¬ mish nearCumberlaiKl Cap, in Virginia; rebels defeated and scattered; 11 rebels captured, 2 Unionists kille

Wave captured by the New London while going into the Rio Grande; she had a cargo of clothing and nieclicines, and S7(X),00U in gold. The proposition of tieueral llit(;hcock to relieve the rebel Government of their jirisoners l)y receiving tliern on parole, and to continue to feed and clothe the Confederate prisoners in our hands, was this day declined by Mr. Quid, the Confederate Agent. General Ransom’s command of Gen¬ eral B.anks’s army captured a rebel fort, a company of artillery, and a squadron of cavalry, on Mustang Island, Texas, without the loss of a man; one rebel was wounded. .Skirmish at Germania Ford, Va. Ittth.—National Cemetery at Gettysburg, Penn., dedicatetl by Presi¬ dent Lincoln. Fighting at Knoxville ; Burnside reported safe. A recon- noitering party under Captain Conger, of the dd Virginia cavalry, toward Sperryville, Va., captured 2.1:2 cattle, 14 horses, and 15 herdsmen. A de- hachmentof the 5th and 2d Illinois cavalry attacked Faulkner's guerrillas in West Tennessee, killed 7, captured 5;i men, :i.'i horses, and a lot of equipments and .ctore.s; 1 Federal wounded and 5 horses killed. 20th.—Rebel steamer Banshee, from Nassau, with a cargo of great value, captured otf Port Royal. A reconnoitering party of Federal cav¬ alry captured nearly the whole of the Gth Te.xas, near Vermillionville, La. At I.ake Tasso, La., the Federal cavalry, under General Lee, and Cameron’s brigade of infantry, surrounde'l a rel)el camp and captured the whole of the 7th Texas cavalry, exce{)t tlie Colonel, Major, and two privates; 1 Federal was wounded. iMosby’s guerrillas, in Union uni¬ form, attempted to capture the forces at Bealtoa’s station, but were dis¬ covered in time. 21st.—.Vrniy of the Potomac occupied Madison Court-house. Dick Taylor, at the tnouth of Red River, fired into the steamer Black Hawk. It is supposed he wished to capture the steamer to cross the river to reii> force Bragg. 22(1.—Heavy artillery fight between Forts Gregg .and Wagner and rebel Batteries Bee and Simkins and Forts .Johnson and Moultrie. Bombard¬ ment of Sumter and Charleston continued. Knoxville closely investeti by Longstreet; part of the city burned. *2;Jd.—General Thomas pushed out a reconnoitering force from Chatt.a- nooga, consisting of Sheridan’s and Wood’s divisions of the 4th corps, under immediate command of General Granger. The tight opened at 2 o’clock, P. .AL; the rebel rifle-pits were carried, as well as some knolls, called Bald Knob, in front of the left, and half-way to Mission Ridge; 200 prisoners were captured ; Union loss. 111 killed and wounded. Bald Knob was fortified. General Washburne’s .advance encamped at Cedar B.ayou, opposite iMatagorda Island, Texas. 24th.—ltg of Lookout 3louuiuin. General Gr.ant’s army made a demonstration against Bragg’s position at Lookput Mount.ain. General Sherman, at daylight, crossed tlie Tennessee, at the mouth of the South Chickamauga, and carried the North end of IMission Ridge; General Hooker moved up Lookout Valley, and turned the rebel left, formed line of b.attle, three miles in the rear, and moved to the assault; the fight lasted from S A. M., to 5 P. M.; the rebels were driven into their works at the summit of the mountain. Part of this Ivattle was fought “above the clouds.’’ 700 prisoners were captured. A sortie was m.ade by the garrison at Knoxville, which succeeded in driving the rebels to their orig¬ inal position, and destroying their works; 10 men were lost. Colonel Long’s command left Chattanooga on an expedition to the rear of Bragg'a army. 25th.—Bragg abandoned Lookout Mountain and General Hooker took possession. Capture of Mission iiiihje. General Sherman made two un¬ successful .assaults upon the rebel po.sition in front; the rebels m

b-oke it; the main l)ody was dnven toward Sherman, who opened on llieiii, wiien they broke again aiul tied in conlhsion toward Ringgold. In tins battle, the divisions of Wood and Slieridan were ordered to carry Mie nlle-jiits on tiie slope of tlie ridge at all iiazanls, bnt so elated were lliey, that tliey riisited on and carried the crest of the ridge without orders. At 6 o’clock V. M. the battle closed. The Union losses in the capture of Lookout .Mountain and Mission Ridge were about 500 killed and g,5(Hj wounded ; l ebel loss, 2,(XI0 killed and wounded and 7,000 juis- oners, 02 pieces of artiller}’ and 7,iH>o small arms. Longstreet, with three brigades, atiacked one of Buinside s brigades, in a strong jiosition, three miles from Knoxville; after a lianl fight the reliels were rejailsed, with i loss of 150 men. 8(Xt Federal cavalry, under (ieneral J.ee, attacked the ith Texas and 2d l.ouisiana rebel cavalry, and drove them from Camp Pratt to within 4 miles of Vermillionville, La.; the rebels broke under a eaber charge, and I otlieer and 00 men were captured ; 8 were killed and I * number w ounded. Colonel I.on^’s command captured and destroyed, at Chickainaug.i Station, tr,!., a valuable train of 100 v^agt>ns, belonging to the rebels; a paymaster’s chest, with S8U,ouo in rebel currency, was among the trophies; large quantities of ammunition were destroyed, 'i’hey then marched to Cleveland, Tenn., where they surprised the garrison, who tied; they destroyed the railroad for 15 miles, and a large rebel foundry, with large quantities of munitions of war. A portion of the command was sent to Charleston, 'i'enn., w here they had a brisk tight, and destroyed the railroad lor about 12 miles, and rejoined the mam command atCleveland. Ceneral Washburne occujiied Matagorda Island. Colored troops active in North Carolina. ‘25th.—Reliels evacuated .Mission Ridge last night, retreating easterly, •nd closely juirsued by the victorious Fedei als. Ceneral Hooker entered Ringgold at 5 P. IM. to-day. Bherman crossed the Chickamauga; he caji- I Hired 500 pri.soners, 4 guns, and a number of pontoons. Colonel Long’s ' •omrnand, at Cleveland, was attacked at 5 A. M ; they fought for 2 hours %nd fell back to Chattanooga, where they arrived at 8 P. M., with 355 prisoners, 400 mules, and 4 battle-tlags. l.ongstreet recalled from before niioxville. Wheeler, w ith G,

the rebels here ran an ammunition train of 40 cars and 2 locomotive.^ into the river; the command under General Vaughan escaped during the night, destroying the bridge. 3d.—Bra"g .succeeded by Hardee in command of the rebel army in Korthern Georgia. Fight at Moxcow, Tennessee. Chalmers, with 3,0(K) or 4,000 men, attacked the forces at Wolf River Bridge, near Moscow, Ten¬ nessee, but was driven back by Colonel Hatch’s brigade; rebel loss, about 100; Union loss, 3 killed, 41 wounded. Sherman’s cavalry reached Knoxville. Indianola, Texas, occupied by General Fitz Henry Warren. General Hascall had a fight with the forces of General Longstreet, on the Ilolston, near Knoxville, Tenn.; the rebels were repulsed with consid¬ erable loss. 4th.—Large frauds di.scovered in the Quarterma.ster’s Department at Alexandria, Virginia. Longstreet raised the siege of Knoxville, and inarched toward Virginia. Hattie at Moscow, Tennessee. Between 4,000 and 5,tKX) rebels made a desperate attack on Mo.scow, Tenne.s.see, but, after a contest of two hours, were repulsed by Colonel Hatch’s cavalry brigade and the 2d IVest Tennessee Colored Troops; rebel loss, 19 killed, 100 wounded; Union loss, 8 killed, 20 wounded; the rebels car¬ ried otf 100 horses; for their conduct in this engagement, the colored troops received the thanks of M.ajor-General Hurlbut. General Sher¬ man's army cros.sed the Little Tennessee at IMorgantown. Fight on the Clinch River with Longstreet’s forces. 5th.—General Sherman’s army reached Maryville, Tennessee, and halted, Longstreet having retreated. Granger’s "command was ordered to join Burnside in the pursuit of the rebels. Gth.—General Sherman at Knoxville. Iron-clad Weehavvken sunk in Charleston Harbor during a gale; 30 of her officers and crew were lo.st b}' this accident. United States gun-boat Aries, Lieutenant Devens, captured the blockade-runner Ceres while trying to get into Wilmington; she was English Tiuilt and cost §250,000, and was intended for a rebel privateer. 7th.—Thirty-eighth Congress met; Schuyler Colfa.x, of Indiana, elected Speaker of the House. General Sherman placed in command of the troops in East Tennessee. Confederate Congress met at Richmond, V'a.; JefE Davis’s message was very despondent; he urged a mass conscrip¬ tion. Seizure of the Chesapeake. At 1 o’clock A. M., one Henry Osborne, a coast pilot of St. Johns, New Brunswick, and 15 others, seized the steamer Chesapeake 20 miles north-north-east of Cape Cod; they had shipped at New York as passengers ; the second engineer, Mr. Shaffer, was killed, the captain and crew placed in irons, and the pirates took the vessel toward St. .lohns. President Lincoln issued a proclamation fora thanksgiving for the victories in Tennessee. A detachment from Gen¬ eral Kelly’s command, under Colonel Wells, moved from Beverly, Virginia, to co-operate with Averill’s raiding party in South-west Vir¬ ginia. 8th.—President Lincoln issued a proclamation of amnesty to rebels who would lay down their arm.s. 15 citizens, chiefly returned soldiers, routed the guerrilla band of Colonel Martin, near Great Western Fur¬ nace, Stewart County, Tennessee, capturing all their hor.ses, clothing, and arms; 3 rebels were killed. The steamer Von Phul fired into at Bayou Sara, La., by a rebel battery of C and 12-pounder.s, killing Cap¬ tain Gorm.an of the boat, and 3 of the crew, and wounding 4 jiassen- gers; the battery was silenced by a gun-boat near. General Grant and his army thanked by the President for their late victories in

9th.—Blockade-runner Minna, with an assorted cargo, captured off Charleston, by the Circassian. Longstreet’s army, in its retreat from Knoxville, reached Eogerstille; in his retreat Longstreet abandoned hia 134 HISTORY OP THE WAR. [Dec., 1863. eiege-train of 6 guns, after burnins thecarriage?; thegnns were captured by the Union troops. General Lohg.street’s army was innch demoralized, and he is reported to liave lost 3,lKX) men by desertions and captures. Rebel General E. W. Gantt pardoned by the President. Colonel McNeill encountered the rebels, (!00 strong, 2 miles beyond Princeton, Arkansas, and routed them, killing 8 and wounding 18, and caj)turing 3 officers and 2o men. jOth.—Army of the Potomac went into winter-quarters. Skirmishing with Longstreet’s rearguard at Rutledge, Tennessee. Colonel Garrard’s cavalry whipped Sam. Jones’s rebel brigmle at Morristown, East Tennes¬ see ; losses not reported. Kirby Smith reported at Camden, Arkansas, with 15,000 men. Expedition into St. Andrew's Bay, Florida. 'J'he United States steamer Bloomer arrived in St. Andiew’s Bay, and took on board Ensigns Russell and Hicks, Surgeon Page, and 40 men from the Restless, and went into West Bay. Elizabeth City, North Carolina, occupied by General Wild’s colored brigarle. 11th.—Gun-boats opened tire on the salt-works in West Bay; Ensign Russell and 43 men landed and destroyed considerable property; an¬ other party, under Ensigns Hicks and Cressy, lauded, moved along the beach, and continued the work of destruction until nightfall, the gun¬ boats firing an occasional shot. Robert Quid, Confederate Ag^nt of Ex¬ change, in a letter to General Meredith, declined to receive any more provisions from the North for the Union pri.soners; he alleged the per¬ sistent vilification and abuse the Confederate authorities received from Northern journals, in regard to the manner in which they have kept their pledges to distribute these things, as the motive for this course. Mr. Eoote, in the rebel House, violently attacked the administration of Jeff. Davis, characterizing it as corrupt; he offered various resolutions in- iiuiring info the abuses in the various departments of the army, and clo.sed his remarks with the charge that the Presidentj^ (Davis’s! visits to the army were always followed by disaster. Heavy bombarament of Kumter; the fort took lire about 9 o’clock, from some unknown cause, and destroyed a considerable amount of ammunition, killing 10 men and wounding 30 others. Georgetown, South Carolina, destroyed by the Confederates' 12th.—Colonel Watkins, with a force of cavalry, made a dash into this town, drove out a large force of rebels, and captured G signal officers and G5 men, and a large number of horses and mules. The severe gale in Charleston Harbor sweiit aw.ay some of the rebel obstructions. Guns and ammunition buried hv the rebels dug up on the beach at Fort Put¬ nam, Charleston Harbor. The Richmond Examiner, of this date, charged the rebel Government with imbecilitv, and called for a change in the management of affairs ; it said; “The reign of imbecility has caused the subjugation and enslavement of half the territory and half the pop¬ ulation of the Confederate istates, ast two years, and w’lll consign the remaining htilf to the same fate during the two years to come.” The destruction of the salt-works in St. Andrew’s Bay, Florida, kept up until noon, when the party visited the salt-works belonging to the rebel government, and guarded'by three companies of military; the rebels were driven off and the works completely destroyeif ; 199 private works were destroyed, besides the government property, the whole reaching in value about ?3,t)0u,(KK»; during the.«e operations Captain Brovyn, with the Restless, destroyed the town of St. Andrews, the head-quarters of rebel troops, so completely that not a house was left standing. 13th.—700 rebels attacked the guard at Cedar Creek Bridge, near Catlett’s Station, Virginia, with the intention of severing IMeade’s communications with Washington; they were defeated and driven off. A detachment of the 20th Peiinsylvania Cavalry, while on a scout, de* Dec., 18C3.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 135 stroyed an iron foundry at Edinburg, Virginia; a portion of the com* mand under Colonel Wells liad a severe skirmish at Strasburg, Virginia; 30 rebels were taken prisoners. lilorgan crossed the Tennessee at Bridge's Ferry, near Knoxville, narrowly escaping capture; a portion of his escort, among them Captain Hines, were Uiken; Hines afterward escaped. 14th.—General J. G. Foster, assumed command of the Army and De¬ partment of the Ohio. General Wi.'^tar reported that Colonel West’s command of cavalry surprised and destroyed a rebel camp and cap¬ tured 90 rebels, 50 horses, etc., at Charles City Court-house, Virginia; Union los.s, 2 killed, 6 wounded. Battle at Bean Station, Euxt Teniiesitee. Longstreet turned upon his pursuers under Shackleford and a sharp fight en.sued, lasting from 2 P. M. until dark; the Federal forces fell back to Tazewell; Union loss rejwrted at 700 killed and wounded and prisoners; rebel loss admitted by General Gracie, who was wounded and captured, at 900; during the engagement Longstreet sent a portion of his command to Kelly’s Ford, on tlte Holston, to get in Shackleford’s rear, but they were checked by General Ferrero. Slierrnan’s command fell back to the line of the Hiwassee. The rebel battery at Waterj>roof, on the Mis.sissippi River, which had been firing into steamers, was at¬ tacked by tlie gtin-boats, and IG rel>els killed, and several wounded and captured. Everett’s guerrillas defeated near Pound Gap, Kentucky, and a number of horses and prisoners were taken. 15th.—General Gillmore continues his bombardment of Charleston, throwing shells into the city at intervals; 14 were thrown in this morn¬ ing; Sumter quiet. 200 reliel prisoners in Louisville military prison attempted to e.scape, but their jdans were di.scovered. Kith.—Congress pa.‘^sed a resolution of thanks to Major-General Grant and the officers and men under his command, and voting him a gold medal. Morgan reported as being in Richmond, Virginia. Demand made on the State Department for the claim of the Chesapeake from the Kova Scotia authorities, under the extradition treaty. The Richmond Examiner of to-day denounced the new conscription act introduced into the rebel Congress, which provides for a conscription en mntse, the Pres¬ ident being allowed to make details for agricultural pursuits, .as .an effort to create Jeff. Davis a dictator. Gener.al Butler commis.sioned to nego¬ tiate for exchange of pri.soners with the rebel government. Steamer Chatham, block.ade-runner, captured off Doboy Sound by the gun-boat Huron ; she h.ad on board a v.alliable cargo, among which were 290 bales of cotton. Averill's Itaid. General W. W. Averill, with a force consisting of the 2d, 3d, 4th, and 8th Virginia Mounted Infantry, 14th Pennsylvania, and Ewing’s battery, reached the Tennessee and Virginia Railroad at Salem, where he destroyed the railroad for 15 miles; 5 bridges, 3 large depot building.”, and an imrnen.^e quantity of stores were burned. The magazine at Vorktown, Virginia, blew up and destroyed property valued at Si,ou0,000. Skirmish at Blair’s Cross-roads, East Tennessee ; Federal troops fell back to Tazewell with .some little loss. R.aid of 1st (Union) North Carolina Regiment through Cherokee and Clay Counties, North Carolina, destroying a vast amount of stores, etc. 17th.—Averill's liaid. General .4verill left Salem on his return. Steamer Che.«apeake recaptured by the Ella and Anna, in Sambro Harbor, Novia Scotia; three of her rebel crew were captured ; the D.acotah came up and ordered the Chesapeake into Halifivx. Mosby, with 700 rebel cavalry, m.ade a raid on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, near Fair¬ fax Station, Virginia; the guard, consi.sting of Company I, 115th New York, repulsed them four times, when, being flanked and overpowered, the Unionists retreated, losing 2 wounded and 1 captured ; rebel loss, 10 or 12 wounded and I captured. The guerrillas active near Washing- 136 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [Dee., 186S. ton City. Standwaite, with about l,r.00 rebels, attacked the outposts of Fort Gibson, Indian Territory, but was repulsed. 18th.—Skirmish l^etween the 6th United States Colored Troops and guerrillas at Sandy Swamp, North Carolina; guerrillas routed; 4 Fed- erals killed. Averill's Raid. General Averill, on his return I'rom Salem, , Virginia, was surrounded bv the forces of Generals Eai-lv, Imboden, Jones, Fitz Lee, Jackson, Echols, and McCaustin, near Jackson’s River Bridge, but having captured a courier from Jones to Early, he learned their position and succeeded in eluding them, gained the bridge, and escaped; Averill’s command “marched, climbed, slid, and swam 355 , miles in 16 days;’’ his loss was 6 men di’owned, 1 officer and 4 men wounded, and 4 officers and 10 men missing; he captured 200 pris¬ oners and 150 horses. Colonel Streight and his adjutant escaped from Libby Prison, Richmond, but.were recaptured and brought back and placed in irons. 19th.—Chesapeake’s pirates rescued from the Nova Scotian govern¬ ment officers by citizens of Halifax. 20th.—Lee’s army in winter-quarters. Captain Spillman, with a force of Indiana troops, defeated Standvvaite, Adair, and QuanjtreH’s rebels at Barren Fork, Cherokee Country; after several hours’ severe fighting, the rebels were completely routed, losing 70 men. Captain Hine.s, of John Morgan’s command, escape

com]>elled the rebels to retreat at 7.30 A. M., leaving 2 guns. Colonel^ Prince, being reinlbrced, advanced against Forrest at S

%vhich vas a quantity of percussion-caps; she had neither log-book nor papers. Price and Wannuduke reported at Kockport, Arkansas, with t),(JOO to 7,000 men. A secret expedition lett Is'ew Urleans ; supposed to be against Mobile. The rebels, aided by a steamer on the inside, re¬ newed the attack on the Union troops on Matagorda Peninsula; the gun-boats protected the Union troops, and during the evening the rebel vessel got ashore and was tired by her crew. Skirmish near St. Au¬ gustine, Florida, between a small Union loragin^^ party and Dickenson’s rebel cavalry, in w hich Lieuteirant Walker, the Union commandant, and 25 of his men, were killed. 31st.—An expedition under Colonel McChesney, of the 1st North Car¬ olina, which leit New bern on the 30th, overtook the rebels near Wash¬ ington, North Carolina; both parries were sunirised ; the Unionists charged and routed the rebels, killed 1 officer and 5 men, and captured 10 men, 1 gun and caisson, and horses of a battery; Union loss, 1 officer killed and 5 men wounded. Januauy 1, 1864.—The new year dawned on a field prosperou.s, in the main, to the Federal arms. Defeats there have been, but they were but temporary in their efiects, and have resulted in no substantial suc¬ cess to the Confederates. Territory has been gradually wrested from them, and wherever the Federal flag has been planted it has jiermanent- ly remained. The victories of Vicksburg and Port Hudson opened the arteries of the West, and the impulsive heart of that region throbbed with a wilder joy. Attempts have been made to obstruct the navigation of the Mississippi, but a few shots from a Federal gun-boat have been an ett'ectual stop to such operations. The sturdy defense of Knoxville loosened the grasp of Longstreet and redeemed the ever loyal, freedom- loving East Tennessee, otone Piver, Lookout Mountain, and Mission Kidge opened the gateway of Georgia, and taught the rebels how utter¬ ly futile it is to resist the advancing hosts of Federal bayonets. West of the Mississippi Kiver, Arkansas is virtually under the Federal Hag, and there is no considerable force of rebels in the State. Louisiana, too, has been reclaimed, and the same victorious banners which floated defiance in the interior now cast their shadows across the Kio Grande. In the East the situation has not been materially changed. The Kapidan in¬ stead of the Rappahannock is now dividing the hostile armies, but with their discipline and efficiency in no wise diminished. The losses on both sides have been great, but the resources of the North are yet ample, while the South is nearly a waste, depenuent upon precarious blockade¬ running for many of the sinews of war. A scouting i)urty of Cole’s Maryland cavalry, (75 men), under Captain Hunter, were attacked about 10 A. M., near Rectortown, Virginia, by a force of 500 to 700 cavalry Ifom General Rosser’s brigade ; the Unionists fought until 56 men were either killed or captured ; the remainder got back to cam p at Harper’s Ferry. Emanci pation celebration in New York, and at Beaufort, South Carolina. A scouting party under Colonel Lowell, 2d Massachusetts Cavalry, surprised and routed a campof Mosby’s guer¬ rillas at Haymarket, Virginia, and captured 35 prisoners; many rebels were killed and wounded; Union loss, 1 killed and 1 wounded. iJd.—Steamer Jewess, with 200 hogsheads of sugar and a hold full of cotton, sunk in the Ohio, below the Falls. Jd.—Rebel General Reilly, with 5,000 men, Imboden’s, Fitz Lee’s, and other commands, in the Shenandoah Valley; supposed for a raid. Archbishop Hughes died in New York at 7>i^ P. M. Sam. Jones, with 4,000 men, made a descent on a small body of Union troops numbering 280 Illinoisans and IS of Neil’s Ohio battery, stationed near Jonesville, East Tennessee; a desperate resistance w'as made, lasting from 7 A. M. to 3P. M., when the Unionists surrendered, having 30 killed and about the same number wounded. A train of 200 animals was captured by 700 Jan., 18G4.] HISTORY OF TUB VTAJL 139

rel:^! cavalry, near Petersburg, West V'irginia; the guard, 150 strong, detended the property as long as they could, but were tiually compelled to yield ; the rebels then advanced toward New Creek, but Colonel Mul¬ ligan was ready for them, and they, finding their progress checked, finally withdrew. 4th.—$7,000,000 in Confederate bonds and treasury-notes, a large num¬ ber of tools, dies, plates, etc., seized by the United States Marshal in New York City, (jovernor Bramlette, of Kentucky, issued orders to military commanders throughout the State to arrest 5 rebel sympa¬ thizers in the vicinity for every loyal man taken otf by the guerrillas. 6th.—Navajo Indians routed near Fort Sumner, Indian Territory; 40 were killed and 26 wounded. Ctli.—Rebel Colonel Hall and a squad of rojjjpls attacked Lieutenant Gre bel and a detachment of the 3d Arkansas Cavalry, en route to Fort Smith, Arkansas; the rebels were routed and Colonel Hall and 9 men caftured. Skirmish in Yell County, Arkansas; a Lieutenant and 15 rebels taken. Colonel Christopher Carson and 400 men left Fort Canby for Canon de Chilly on an expedition against the Navajoes ; at the same time with Colonel Carson Captain Pfeitier entered the canon at the op¬ posite end ; they met in the center, having accomplished their object— the removal of the Navajoes. 7th.—Honorable Caleb B. Smith, Judge United States District Court and late Secretary of the Interior, died at Indianapolis. Governor Brad¬ ford, of Maryland, in his message to the Legislature, expressed himself ' in favor of the emancipatioji of the slaves of that State. Attempted raid by General Early on New Creek, Slartinsburg, Petersburg, and Cumberland, a failure on account of the bad condition of the roads, which prevented the bringing up of his artillery. Union forces, after 4 days skirmishing, fell b;ick from Bean Station, East Tennessee, with a loss of 2u0 men and a few wagons. Federal troops occupied Madisonville, Flor¬ ida. The Treasury Department sanctioned a plan by which the inhab¬ itants within the lines of the Army of the Potomac should receive the necessaries of life. 8th.—General A. J. Smith’s command returned to Columbus, Ken¬ tucky, from the expedition to Jackson, Tennes.see, against Forrest; no rebels were found. Rebel authorities at Richmond gave a grand recep¬ tion to General Morgan on his arrival there. Blockade-runner steamer Dove was run ashore, near the Georgetown light. South Carolina, by the Montgomery and Aries; the party sent to burn her, in attempting to re¬ turn, sw'amped the boat.s, and 28 of them were taken prisoners; the Dove had landed some prominent rebel naval officers, (ieneral J, G. Foster, commanding the Department of Ohio, issued an order that all rebel of¬ ficers or soldiers captured in his lines, in the Federal uniform, should be shot to death. General Fitzhugh Lee, with 3 brigades from General Early’s command, attempted the capture of the garrison at Petersburg, West Virginia, but retreated without accomjilishing their object; an empty wagon-train was captured by a portion of the rebel forces. 9th.—Ice in Lake Erie rendered Johnson’s Island no longer secure against the rebel prisoners, and a larger force was stationed there to pre¬ vent an escape. The notorious guerrilla chief, McCown, and three of'his men were taken near Sperryville by the Foresters (New York cavalry). The Newbern (North Carolina) Times of this flate said the people of that State were ripe for revolt again.st the Richmond government. lUth.—Major Cole’s battalion of Maryland cavalry was attacked at 4>^ A. M., by Mosby, with 4U0 men, on Loudon Hights, in Loudon County, Virginia; in an hour’s fighting, Mosby was defeated and routed, leaving his dead and wounded; Union lo.ss, 2 killed and 11 wounded. Great masses of the Charleston harbor obstructions washed a.shore at Morris X*iaad. Bombardment of Charleston still continues; half the town la 140 HISTORY OP TUB WAR. [Jan., 1864.

destroyed. Rebels defeated in a cavalry fight at Strawberry Plains, East Tennessee. Quantrell, with 1,500 men, reported at New Carthage, below Vicksburg, desirous of crossing the river to operate with Forrest. Arkansas Union State Convention commenced its session at Little Rock; John McCoy, President; 1. T. White, Secretary. 11th.—Major-General Curtis assigned to the command of the Depart¬ ment of Kansas. At a sale of confiscated rebel property to-day, Arling¬ ton Rights, the property of General Lee, was bought by the Government for :?26,»00. About a dozen armed guerrillas plundered Hickman, Ken¬ tucky ; there were no troops there. The Richmond Enquirer of to-day, in a desponding article, said: “Where are we drifting? The debates and proceedings of Congress furnish occasion'ior painful solicitude; thev evince panic rather than Uie cool and grave deliberation becoming such a body. The proposition of the special committee to ta.x the present value of the Confederacy to the amount of $700,000,000 should be en¬ titled an act to sell out at public auction, for taxes, all the re.al estate of the Confederacy to peojde who have speculated ami accumulated fortunes by the war.” General Banks issued a proclamation for an election of civil officers of the State of Ijouisiana, to lake place Feb¬ ruary 2'i, and for a convention to amend the Constitution of the State, to^ be held April 1. A party of guerrillas, in Federal uniform, captured near Lewisburg, Arkansas. l'2th.—Heavy seizures, in Washington City, of rebel property for confis- “cation. North Carolina (rebel) troops .sent to the rear, as the Generals could not trust them on picket duty in the front. Colonel McCook’s cavalry attacked the 8th and 11th Texas, in Eivst Tennessee, killed 14, and captured 41 of them. Major-General Butler, in a letter to Mr. Ould, Confederate Exchange .\gent, intimated that neither his Government nor himself recognized any right of declaration of outlawry of any officer or soldier of the United States; and, also, that if his flag of truce was not respected, all communication by that channel should ce.ase and the reponsibility be thrown on the Confederate authorities. Generals Burnside and Hancock ordered to increase their commands to the num¬ ber of 50,000 each, for special service. General Munson, with 300 in¬ fantry and 130cavalry, left Point Lookout, Virginia, fora raid into West¬ moreland, Northumberland, and Richmond Counties, Virginia. 13th.—Gen. Sherman arrived at Memphis. Wm. A.White, army contract¬ or, sentenced to pay a fine of $3,uo0 and be confined two years, for neglect of duty, in delivering inferior haversacks. Fight at Maijfield, Kentucky. A small detachment of -Federal mounted infantry were attacked by 35 guerrillas; after a short conflict the Unionists were overpowered and 1 killed, 1 wounded, and 8 captured; rebel loss, 6 killed; the prisoners were afterward retaken by a party under lacutenant Murphy, who had orders to destroy all rebel property in the vicinity, unless they were given up. Three blockade-runners have lately been destroyed at Wil¬ mington, North Carolina; in attempting to haul off one, (an iron vessel), the steamer Iron Age got ashore and stuck fast; she was fired and blowm up. Rebels concentrating a small force in the neighborhood of Port Hudson and Baton Rouge. Several important prizes have been taken on the coast of Florida within the last few days. 14th.—-Meade’s army fell back toward Fairfax, Virginia. Brigadier- General Terry, commanding 3d Brigade, 6th Army Corps, assumed com¬ mand of Sandusky and Johnson’s Lsland, Ohio. Skirmish at Three-mile Station, O. & A. Railroad, Va.; rebels routed; 3 killed and 12 wounded; 1 Federal killed, 1 wounded, and 1 captured. Brigadier-General Mason’s expedition of 300 infantryand 150 cavalry returned to Point Lookout from ..ti extensive raici of 3 days into Westmoreland, Northumberland, and Richmond Counties, Virginia; an extensive tannery and a large amount of leather, hides, and a large quantity of grain, etc., was destroyed { Jan., 1864.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 141

Be\’eral bridges were burned, and 25 pri.soners, 80 horses and mule.s, and other stock were taken. A party of guerrillas surprised at Cedron Cave, near Clinton, .Arkansas, by a party of the itd .Arkansas. Gun-boat Union captured the rebel steamer Mayflower, loaded with cotton, at Savastota Pas.s, Florida. loth.—1,000 barrels and boxes have been sent from Baltimore to Union prisoners in Uichmoml. Kith.—The Arkansas delegation, to take measures to restore Arkansas to the Union, arrived in Washington. Rebel General Vance made a dash at Louisville, Tennessee, and captured 23 wagons ; Colonel Palmer pur¬ sued him, recaptured all the wagons, and took another loaded with medicines, 100 horses, 100 stand of arms, and captured General Vance and his adjutant-general. 'I'he Arkansas State Convention, at Little Rock, adopted a new Constitution, abolishing slavery, to be submitted to the people. General bturgis drove the rebel j)ickets out of Danbridge, Tennessee. 17th.—General Sturgis fell back to Strawberry Plains; the rebels pur¬ sued, when he ordered Colonel McCook to charge upon them, which routed the rebel forces; the skirmishing and figtding lasted from day¬ light to 4 P. M.; Union loss, 150. The garrison at Fort Morgan, Mobile Harbor, revolted, hoisted the Federal flag, fired on the rebel gun-boats, and drove them off; at night troops were sent down from Mobile, who captured the entire garrison but 4, whcrescaped; 70 of the ringleaders were afterward condemned to be shot. 18th.—The United States Senate p.assed a resolution of thanks to Major-Generals Hooker, Meade, Banks, Burnside, Howard, and the officers and men of their armies. The new enrollment bill pa.ssed the Senate; the list of exemptions was con.siderably lessened. Intelligence from Is'orth Carolina stated that the rebel conscription act was creating great consternation and excitement in the western parts of that State, and prej)arations were being made to resist it. General Sturgis fell back toward Knoxville, abandoning at Strawberry Plains 800cattle, 500 wagons, several hundred barrels of flour, and large quantities of other stores, all of which were captured by the rebels. The Richmond Whig of this date, in speaking of the state of society in the Confederacy, said: “ Pa¬ triotism is deael soldiers caught in Federal uniform should be instantly shot; that otticers surprised by such parties would be dismissed, and privates court-martialed. Ar¬ kansas State Convention adopted a free-state constitution, to be submitted to the people. Two Mississippi regiments attempted to desert from the rebel army on the Potomac, but were overpow ereil and detained. Skirm¬ ishing in East Tennessee between Longstreet and the Federal cavalry. Restrictions on trade in Missouri and Kentucky removed by the Secre- retary of War. A brigade of rebel cavalry alteiiipted to cross the French Broad River at various fords, twenty miles above Knoxville, but were driven back by the Union forces. Wirt Adams’s cavalry captured, near Natchej, Mississippi, 30 prisoners, GO wagons and teams, 80 negroes, and a lot of cotton. 24th.—General Roddy driven across the Tennessee; all his trains, 200 head of cattle, GOO sheep, 100 horses and mules were taken. General Butler issued orders that no more white women or children should be received through the lines, except w ith proper passes from head-quarters or Head-tiuarters Army of North Carolina, but that all able-bodied men would be received and reported at head-quarters. This order was in consequence of the rebels sending their women and children northward. An expedition, under General Graham, up Jame,s River, captured a largo amount of provi.sions, bonds, specie, tobacco, jewelry, etc., and a blocK- ade-runner heavily laden, the whole valued at 5^20,UUU; 9'J negroes and 29 rebels were also taken. Gener.Hl Smith’s command, Gth Division, IGih Corps, left Columbus for Vicksburg, to form part of General Sherman’s army. 2oth.—Corinth evacuated and the Memphis and Charleston Railroad abandoned by the Federal troops, who concentrated at Memphis, prepar¬ atory to a movement forw ard. General Forrest, w ith GOO men, crossed the Tennessee this morning, and attacked the Union garrison of 100 men at Athens, Alabama, but after a two hours’ tight, was defeated; 5 rebels killed, and a number wounded and captured ; Union loss, 10 wounded. 2Gth.—An ex[)edition from Newbern, North Carolina, routed a Ibrce of rebel cavalry m .James and Onslow Counties; 23 men and their horses Were captured; 150,000 to 200,000 pounds of ])ork and a large amount of other stores were destroyed. Captain Samuel Black, A. t^. M. U. S. Volunteers, sentenced to pay a fine of i^io.ooo and sutler two years’ im¬ prisonment, for defrauding the government and improper conduct. Pickets at Columbia, Tennessee, attacked this morning by Forrest’s rebels. James B. Clay died at Montreal, Canada. Another unsuccessful attempt to rob and burn Jetf. Davis’s house at Richmond. Governor Johnson, of Tennessee, ordered an election to be held on the first Satur¬ day in March for the various State offices. reb., 1864.] HISTORY OF THB WAR. 143

27th.—Two divisions of rebel cavalry under General Martin, the advance of Long.street’s army, attacked General Sturgis yesterday at Fair Garden, near Sevierviiie, East Tennessee; he lell back to a commanding position this morning, and opened the tight. After a stubborn contest, lasting from daylight till 4 F. M., tlie rebels were defeated ; 05 lebels were killed and wounded ; 2 steel ritled guns and 100 prisoners were left in the hands of the Union troops. Rebels severely whipjied at Florence, Alabama. Union lo.ss, 15 killed and 25 wounded. Captain Cady, of 2'ith Mew York Battery, cajitured in Tyrrel County, Virginia, 1,00els defeated and driven back two miles. Fight at iymMtfiekl, Va. Early this morning Captain J^ee’s party at Smith- field was attacked by a heavy force of rebels, w'itb 4 jiieces of artillery; they held out against repeated assaults until the arrival of the gun¬ boat Smith Briggs, which had been sent for, when they went on 144 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [Feb., 1863. board; the rebels fired on the boat and disabled the boiler; she afterward blew up, a portion ot the troops escaping by swiiniiiing ashore. Union loss in killed, wounded, and unssiug, about 00; rebel loss much heavier*. Attack on Aeivbern, A. C. Uarly this morning tlie rebels, said to be 15,000 strong, being Hoke’s rebel brigade and Uicivclt’s division, attacked the Union outjiostat Bachelor’s Cieek, 8 miles from IS’ewberu ; the Umonints fell back before superior numbers, destroying their camp, a lew stores, and losing 20 or 30 killed and 200 captured; a section of artillery, 300 email arms, and a quantity of material were also lost. At the same tune the rebels advanced on the south side of the Trent River, but were hand¬ somely repulsed, losing 35 k41ed and wounded. Seventy five men, of companies Band Fof the 7th Indiana Cavalry, under Captain Shoemaker, liad a fight with a picket of 40 men of Forrest’s force, near Lagrange, Tenn.; the rebels were defeated and chased 4 miles, losing 2 killed, 1 wounded, and 10 captured ; Unionists had one horse wounued. A tor¬ pedo steamer from Charleston attempted to destroy the gun-bouts Hous- atonic and JSeijisic, but she sank in the south channel before reaching them ; 8 of her crew' were drowned in her. Colonel Love, at Cumberland Gap, advanced, with ail his force, two miles, and had a sharp skirmish, twice charging and driving the rebels with heavy loss ; the Union loss m these skirmishes was 8 killed, 8 w ounded, and 3 missing. 2d.—Rosser, with 500 rebels, atteni])ted to destroy the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridges at Patterson’s Creek and South Branch, but was driven off before any great damage was done; Union lo-ss, 40 captured, 2 killed, and 10 wounued. Luring the pursuit a portion of General iSui- livan’s forces met a large body of the rebels at INleclianicsburg Gap, near Romney, and a sharp fight took }ilace, w hich resulted in the defeat of the rebels; a number of them were taken prisoners. Attack on Jsewbern, N. G. Rebels attacked ISewbern; captured and destroyed the Union gun-boat Underwriter. A force of Federal cavalry were re])ulsed within sight of Fort Totten. Ex-tienator Robert Toombs arrested by General Beauregard for alleged treason to the boiith. Rebels broke the railroad at Sheppardsville, B. C., drove the Unionists from their works atJNewiiort Barracks and across Bewport River. An Anglo-rebel steamer blockaue- runner got aground in Charleston Harbor, having run through the block- aders, and was destroyed by the fleet. Sherman’s advance lelt Vicksburg this evening. Major F. W. Lavidson, with 4UU men, of the 14th Illinois Cavalry, and two pieces of artillery, surprised a rebel Indian encampment at Leep Creek, near Tuskeegee River, B. C.; 53 were killed; 56 prisoners and 80 stand of arms were taken; Union loss small. 3d.—A band of guerrillas captured, on the Kanawha River, the steamer Levi, with General iScammon and a member of his staff on board ; the boat was burned, and the officers mentioned carried off as prisoners. Longstreet reinforced and concentrated at bevierville. East Tennessee. General bteele’s cavalry advance at Benton, Ark., 60 miles south of Little Rock. A detachment of 2d M. S. M. Cavalry, under Cajitain bhibley, attacked the guerrillas at Holcomb Island, near Cape Girardeau, Mo.; 7 killed and 8 captured, among whom was Lieutenant John F. Bow lin, leader of the Round Top massacre in July last. General Banks issued his order lor the leasing and working of the abandoned plantations in the Department of the Gulf. Rebel conscription act relentlessly enforced. Sherman’s army crossed the Big Rlack at 1 o’clock. 4th.—Secretary Chase removed restriction on trade in West Virginia. Colonel Mulligan overtook Early’s rebel forces at Moorefield, West'V'ir- finia, and after six hours’ fighting, drove them from the town ; Colonel lulligan then engaged Rosser’s forces on the south fork of the south Brancm of the Potomac. A reconuoitering party, under Colonel Jordan, from Bewport, N. C., captured a party of rebel cavalry at Young’s Cross¬ roads ; 28 men, 30 horses, and their equipments were taken. 100 men Feb., 1863.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 145

of the Oth Missouri State Militia, under Captain Turner, returning from Batesville, Ark., attacked a force of 250 rebels in Searcy County, Ark., ind routed tiiein, killing and wounding a great many ; 70 men, 2u stands cfarms, and all their train were captured; 1 man wounded on the Lnion side. Steamer Planet, loaded with troops and government stores, SLiik in the 3Iississippi, a short distance above ISew Orleans ; no lives lost, but nearly all the stores were lost. Fighl at Satarfia, Miss. A detach¬ ment of Sherman’s command, under Colonel Coates, and consisting of the 11th Illinois Infantry, 4th Illinois Cavalry, and 8th Lousiuna, (colored), was sent against Yazoo City. It met no opposition until it reached butar- tia and Meclianicsville, where a force of 3,000 Texans tired into the transports. Tlie troops were immediately landed, and, assisted by the gun-boats, succeeded m dislodging the rebels, losing 0 men killed of the lith Illinois and 8th Louisiana; the rebel loss was unknown. Guerrillas troublesome on the Mississippi lliver, firing into boats, etc. General bherman had asharp tight with the rebels at Ohatupion Hills, Miss., routing them ; loss, 15 killed and 30 woundeedition was U killed and 36 wounded, bherman occujned Jackson, JIiss., at C P. M., the rebels re¬ treating across the Pearl River so precipitately that their pontoons, 2 pieces of artillery, and 6 prisoners were captured. U. S. bteamer He boto captured the blockade-runner Cumberland, while attempting to run into Mobile; the vessel and cargo were worth $7tX),000 ; valuable presents for Jelf. Havis and becretary Mallory were found on board. 6th.—General bchofield assumed command of the Army of the Ohio. Wdstar’s expedition arrived at Bottom’s Bridge at 2)^ A. M., but found the rebels strongly })osted, having learned of the advance from a de¬ serter; an luisucces.sful attemjit was made to charge the lords; UFederals were killed or wounded. Wistar, at 12 o’clock, tell back to I^ew Kent Court-house, followed by the rebels, who attacked the rear-guard, but were repulsed, with a loss of 300. A scouting jiarty of the 1st Alabama, (Union), from Memphis, captured, a few days ago, a party of rebel offi¬ cers at a social gathering; 12 officers and 15 horses were taken to Mem¬ phis. Federal raid in Bertie County, N. C. Reconnoissance in force from the Army of the Potomac across the Rapidan.^ General Kilpatrick’s cavalry crossed at the extreme lelt at Ely’s Ford, and scoured the country. General Merritt’s cavalry crossed at the extreme right, at Barnett’s Ford, and had a brisk skirmish with btuart’s cavalry, and drove them to Madison Court-house ; 2U prisoners were captured. The 2d and 3d Hivisions of the 2d Corjis were to cross from btevensburg, but the pontoons not arriving in time, the 2d Hivision tbrded the stream under a heavy hre; the fi;^ht continued all day ; Union loss, about 200 killed and wounded. General beymour’s expedition, consisting of three^ brigades and one light battery, left Port Royal, b. C.,for Jacksonville, Fla. 7th.—Wistar’s column returned to Williamsburg. An expedition against the rebel Thomas and his band of Indians at Tullahoma, Tenn., was completely successful; 215 were killed, 50 captured, and the remain- 10 146 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [Feb., 1863. der scattered ; Union loss, 2 killed and 6 wounded. Rebels again threat¬ ened Newbern. General Dick Taylor, with 3,000 troops, attacked our forces opposite Natclie?, Miss., but were rej)ulsed and driven 0 miles, witt considerable loss. Army ol the Potomac withdrawn from its reconnois- sance. General Seymour’s expedition lauded at Jacksonville, Jfla; the rebels sunk the steamer St, Mary’s, burned 270 bales of cottoi, and tied at its aiiproaeh. bth.—National liou.se of Representatives passed a vote of thanks to Major-General Sherman and his army lor the march from Memj)hi?to Chattanooga and the battle at that place. The expedition of 300 men under Colonel McConnel, 71st Ohio, which was sent out from Gallatin, Tenn., by General Paine, on 28th of January, returned to camp to-day ; they had* been out 11 days, traveled 300 miles, killed 33 guerrillas ; ItU prisoners and 100 horses and mules were captured. Large numbers cf deserters still continue to come in the lines of the Federal army. Con¬ spiracy in Kichmond discovered; the }>lot was to assassinate Jetf. Davis, release the Union prisoners, and destroy the government buildings ; several persons were arrested. General Dick Taylor renewed iiis attack this morning on our forces opposite Natchez, but was again repulsed. General Grover has broken up several conscript camps and cajilured a considerable amount of property within a circuit of 50 or GO miles of Madisonville, La. 9th.—bupervi.'^ors of New York County appropriated §2,000,000 for bounties. Mosby, with 300 men, visited the old Bull Run battle-field without any molestation. Jetf. Davis approved the bill of the rebel Con¬ gress to prohibit the importation of luxuries and to regulate foreign com¬ merce. Generals titoneman and bchorteld arrived at Knoxville, Tenn. General SeymoLU'’s advance, under Colonel Guy V. Henry, pushed forward into the interior of Florida late last night, jias.sed the rebels in line of battle at Camp Finnegan, seven miles horn Jacksonville, surprised and captured a battery 3 miles in the rear, at midnight, took 100 prisoners, 8 pieces of artillery, and valuable projierty to a large amount, and reached Baldwin, Fla., at sunrise this morning, without loss ; the rebels at Camp Finnegan, 500 strong, hastily retreated on the passing of the cavalry column, and the infantry, coming U}), took possession of the camp. Gen¬ eral Logan left Huntsville, Ala., about this time, with a column, to co-op¬ erate with General Sherman. General yiierman’s army reached Morton, Miss. 109 Union officers escape from Richmond. loth.—Jetf. Davis issued an addre.^s to the rebel army, thanking them, for himself and the Government, for the esteem and regard manifested ' in their voluntary (?) re-enlistment. He contrasted this “ spontaneous and unanimous otter of your lives for the defense of your country with the })altry and reluctant service of the mercenaries who are purchased by tile enemy at the price of higher bounties than have ever been known in , war.” He also told his army that ” your brave battle-cry will ring loud and clear througn the land of the enemy, as w’ell as our own, and silence the vainglorious boastings of their coiTupt partisans, and their pensioned press.” He closed with a presage of success to the Confederate and i downfall of the Union cause. Fight at Lebanon, Ala. Colonel Henry’s ^ command of General Seymour’s army came up with the rebels at the i crossing of the south foiR of St. Mary’s River; after a sharp fight, the ' rebels were driven from their position on the opjiosite side, and the cavalry Jl dashed across and captured several prisoners, horses, etc. The rebel i loss was 3 killed and many wounded ; Union loss, 5 killed and several f wounded. The column reached Sanderson at 4 o’clock, and camped ; i here the rebels had already destroyed a number of subsistence depots, r dwellings, and stores—property valued at §luu,000. Rebel General Maury, I commanding at Mobile, issued*an order that all non-combatants leave the I ipity, as the enemy was marcliiug from Morton against Mobile. Wirt 1 Feb., 1863.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 147

Adams’s aiid Logan’s rebels occupied Jackson, Miss., after Sherman lett. lull.—A 20-inch Rodman gun, carrying a 1000-pound ball, was success- ftlly cast at the Fort Put Foundery, I'lttsburg ; it is the largest gun ever cast. General \V. S. Smith’s cavalry, intending toco-operate with General Sliermaii s expedition, left IMemphis in the direction of Colliersville, Tenn.; it camped at Holly Spring.s, Miss. Colonel Henry’s coininand pushed on to Lake City, P la., and reached a point 2 miles from that place at 1134 A. iM., where they met the rebels in line of battle; skirmishing lasteu an hour and a half. After ascertaining the strength of the rebels, Colonel Henry withdrew ; loss, 3 wounded ; rebel loss, 20 killed and 40 wounded. Colonel Henry lell back to banderson, as supplies were scarce. U. b. schooner t^ueen captured llie schooner Louisa, of Nas.sau, N. P., entsriug brazos River, 'lexas; she showed British papers, but surren¬ dered, a lawful prize, to the t^ueen; she was loaded with powder, Fntield rifles, etc. 12th.—A party of 30 or 40 guerrillas, under Major Harry Gillmore, stojiped the we.stern express train on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, at Kearneysville, 8 miles west of Harper’s Ferry, and robbed the pas¬ sengers and express of 3.‘) or 40 watches, and about $36,000 in money ; no lives were lost, beveral of the robbers were afterward taken by General Kelly’s command. General bherman’s army at Decatur, Miss.; he nar¬ rowly escaped capture by a charge of 200 rebels; he was saved Dy the Vigilance of his body-guard. / latii.—Rebel General Pickett reported to the Confederate Government that, m the late advance against b'ewbern, K. C., they had captured 13 Officers, 280 men, 14 negroes, and a large quantity of ordnance and quar¬ ter-master’s stores. 14th.—Twenty of the Union officers who escaped from Richmond arrived at Williamsburg. Colonel Phillips had a fight with rebel Indians and Texans, on Middle Boggy River, Indian Territory, killing 40; Union loss, 1. About 00 well-mounted guerrillas, in Federal uniform, surprised and brutally murdered, at Tecumseh Landing, 5 miles above Grand Lake, La., a coiiijiany of colored troops, the escort of a foraging fiarty miles distant; the foragers afterward destroyed the house wliere the e.scortwas posted. Huiibtit’scorpsofbhernian’sarmy entered Meridian, Miss. 800 rebel cavalry attacked the garrison of 200 colored troops at Waterproof, La., but, with the aid of guii-boats, after 2)^ hours’ fighting, were uriven off; Union loss, 2 killed and 5 wounded; rebels left 8 killed and 5 prisoners. lath.— United States Supreme Court refused the writ of certiorari in the Vallandigham ca.se, lor want of authority. Colonel Phillips, com¬ manding Indian Territory, reported that country clear of rebels. Armed bodies of citizens resist the conscription in Virginia. Over 80,t)O0 vet- I erans have re-enlisted up to this date. Colonel Gallup, with 400 picked men, of 14th and 30tli Kentucky, surprised and, in three minutes, routed the whole force of Colonel Ferguson’s 16th Virginia; 16 rebels were killed and a large number wounded. Colonel Ferguson and 60 others, and 80 stands of arms and a large number of hor.ses, wore captured; 1,600 Union prisoners were released. The Unionists lost nothing, but three of the prisoners in the rebel hands were killed. 30,000 men, under ' Polk, left Mobile, against Sherman. General Sherman issued a congratu¬ latory order, dated Meridian, Mis.s., to his command, and telling them the jturpose is to destroy the railro.td and make useless this great rail¬ way center of the south. Rebels, reinforced to 2 regiments of infantry, and one of cavalry, with 4 pieces of artillery, again attacked the garrison at j Waterproof, but were discomfited. I ICth.—Captain Marshall, with a company of picked men, started from Barber’s, Fla., and made a forced march to Gaines ville, Ga.; surprised tho 148 HISTORY OP THE WAR. [Feb., 1864, guard, and opened the rebel storehouse to the poor; what was not taken in this way was destroyed. Longstreet’s army iii retreat beyond the Freneli Broad Ri ver. (Joufederaie Congress passed their Currency Act, to fund a tax and limit the currency. 17th.—Steamer Orient, with a load of government stores, sunk at Dog Tooth Bend in the Mississippi River; ii.5 or 30 lives were lost. Genenu Smith’s cavalry entered Pontotoc, Miss., amid considerable skirmishing; the rear of the column was considerably hanvssed by Forrest and Lee. Farragut made a demonstration with gun-boats and infantry at Grant’s Pass, 35 miles from Mobile, Ala.; nothing elfected. Sherman 30 miles east of Meridian. General Crocker’s division captured and destroyed Enterprise, Miss. 18th.—The President, by proclamation, opened the port of Brownsville. Governor Brown, of Georgia, ordered all citizens with their property to the east side of the Chattalioochie River, under pain of having their property confiscated. A scouting party of General Gregg’s command captured, at Piedmont, Va., 28 of Mosby’s men. A number of guerrillas captured in Pocahontas and Webster Counties, W. Va., by .scouts from General Kelly’s command. General Sherman occupieil C^uitman, Miss. Rebel Congress adjourned to meet in May. During their last session the Currency Act, Tax Bill, and Conscrijition Act were pas.sed. The Cur¬ rency Bill jirovides for funding the old Treasury-notes until the 1st of January, 1805; all not then funded to pay a tax of 100 per cent., which is virtu.aU'y repudiation. The Conscrijition Act places all able-bodied men between the ages of 18 and 45 in the army for the war, those between 17 and 18 to form a reserve State guard ; certain exceptions are made. U. S. sloop-of-war Ilousatonic sunk by a rebel tor|>edo in Charleston Har¬ bor; 2 officers and 3 men were drowned. Smith’s cavalry expedition reached Okalona, Miss., amid coimtant skirini.vhing. Captain Leefridge and 70men, of the Connestoga, captured arebel train and 2^5 bales of cotton near the Mississippi River, with a colonel, major, and several other pris¬ oners. loth.—Escaped Union officers arrive within the lines of the army at Yorktown, Williamsburg, and Fortress Monroe. Enrollment Bill jiassed both Houses of Congress—House, 71 to 23; Senate, 20 to 16. General Johnston’s army concentrated at Dalton, their pickets extending to Ring- gold. General Smith’s cavalry reached Egyjd Station, on the Memphis and Charleston Railroad; vast

being armed with inferior guns, and unable to return the fire, the left of the regiment broke, after you of their number had been disabled. The rebels then attacked the riglit under Colonel Barton, which received them in good order, but the loss of several otficera threw them into some dis¬ order, and they fell back, exposing some of their artillery, 2 guns of w’hicli had to be left. This unequal contest was maintained until dartc, when the Unionists were withdrawn in good order, but followed clo^ly by the rebels, who tried to flank both sides, but were checked in their efforts. The retreat was continued to Barber’s. The rebel loss in this battle is stated at loO killed, 900 wounded; Union loss, 1,200 killed, wounded, and missing; 5 guns and a quantity of small arms were lelt. Sherman evacuated Meridian in his retreat, first destroying the Govern¬ ment buildings and property; he had destroyed the railroad for miles in every direction. Major-General McClernand reinstated in com¬ mand ot the lath Army Corps. General yrnitli marched toward West Point, skirmishing heavily with Forrest at 11 M.; at 3 P. M. reached a point within one mile of the town; 1 lieutenant killed and 5 men wounded ; 1 rebel killed and 2 wounaea. 21st.—Reports of the capture of 11 blockade-runners on the Lower Potomac, with a large amount of valuable goods. Reconnoissance up the Savannah River to \Villiams Island ; 4 men lost and 20 prisoners captured. Smith’s cavalry advanced and found Forrest, Lee, Chalmers, and Roddy combined to check him at West Point, Miss.; heavy fighting in front and rear; 3 jheces of artillery lost. Smith commenced his retreat at night, fighting the rebels, and burning the trestle-work on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad. General Custar left the Rapidan with a force, demonstrat¬ ing on the rebel lelt, in order to divert their attention from Kilpatrick on the right. 22d.—This 132d anniversary of Washington’s birthday was celebrated with appropriate ceremonies in various parts of the United States. Free¬ dom Convention met at Louisville, Ky^ A detachment of 150 of the 2d Masschusetts Cavalry, under Captain Iteed, while scouting near Draines- ville, Va., wasattacked by 200 or 3tKiof Mosby’sguerrillas in ambush ; tlio Unionists fell back ; 7 men were killed and a humljer captured ; Mosby re¬ treated. closely j>ursued by a strong party. General Palmer occupied Ringgold, Ga., without opposition. A detachment of infantry and cavalry, under Colonel Davis, were surrounded at daylight on the Virginia road, 5 miles east of Cumberland, Ga., by a large force of rebel cavalry ; two com¬ panies of the Olst Indiana and 2d North Carolina cut their way out, with the loss of 3 killed; about (30 men and 2 officers of Colonel Davis’s com¬ mand cut their way out; the balance were captured. At the same time a force attacked the outpost of 50 men at Powell’s bridge, 5 miles south, but were three times repulsed ; the command returned to the Gap, ambuscading the rebels at every available point. 23d.—tieneral Palmer skirmished with the rebels all day, and drove them to Tunnel Hill, capturing over 300 }>risone,rs; Union loss, 75 killed and wounded. General Smith crossed the Tallahatchie at New Albany, iMiss., at noon. Farragut opened with G Monitors, and 4 gun-boats, on Fort Powell, at Grant’s Pass, near Mobile, shelling it all day. Sherman on his return from Meridian. Rebel General .John H. Morgan issued, from Decatur, Ga., a call to members of his old command tojoin him without delay. 24th.—Fortifications at New'bern, N. C., strengthened, as the rebels were preparing to attack it; 5 iron-clad gun-boats reported to be ready to join in the attack. Rumors reached Newbern of the hanging of 51 of the 2d North Carolina (Union whites) captured by the rebels in the recentat- tack on Newbern. General Bragg assigned by Jetf. Davis as commander- in-chief of the rebel armies. General Palmer occupied Tunnel HiU 150 HISTORY OP THB WAR. [March, 18&I.

Ridge; the losses m this advance have been: rebel, 8or 10 killed, 157 wounded ; Union loss, 35 captured. * . ‘A5th.—General Palmer occupied the town of Tunnel Hill, Ga., at 4 P. M.; after considerable skirmishing, his troops penetrated to the front ot Dalton, losing 3 killed and 12 wounded ; rebels reported their loss at IM) killed and wounded. Federal cavalry came up with Longstreet’s re¬ treating rear-guard in East Tennessee, and a severe skirmish took place. General Smith reached a point 52 miles from Memphis; this expedition destroyed over 1,000,000 bushels of corn, several miles of track, bridges, and trestles, on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, captured and brought in 1,500 mules and horses, 2,000 negroes, and 300 prisoners. Rebel dernon- straiion at Raccoon Ford on the Rapidan ; 100 men crossed, fired at tha pickets, and fell back, leaving three deserters. Farragut still bombard¬ ing Fort Powell, commanding Grant’s Pass. 2(jth.—Congress passed, and the President approved, the bill reviving the grade of Lieutenant-General. P.almer’s corps fell back to Tunn«)l Hill. Sherman’s army encamped at C.anton, Miss. 27th.—Kilpatrick’s command this morning moved down to the extreme left of the line.s; his movement, as well as that of Custar, masked by a feint of the advance of Missouri infantry corps in front. 17th Corps of Sherman’s army returned to Jackson, jMi'ss. Sherman’s army destroyed the whole Southern Road from Jackson to Meridian. Cavalry skirmisnat Camp Finegan, Fla.; 5 rebels wounded. 28th.—General Kilpatrick, with 3,800 men and C pieces of artillery, left Stevensburg at 5 P. M., and crossed the Rapidan at Ely’s Ford, and cap¬ tured the pickets; at the ford Colonel Dahlgren, with a detachment, took the route to Frederick Hall Station. General Custar left he.ad-quarters at 2 o’clock. Negro troops from Port Hudson ca})tured Yazoo City. The notorious guerrilla Colonel Richtvrdson captured ne.ar Banksvifle, Ky. General Sherman and staff arrived at Vicksburg. The loss of his army on their late march was 150 killed and wounded ; rebel loss was 100 miles of railroad destroyed, 300 prisoners, and 800 mules; killed and wounded, about 200. Confederate steamer Florida at IMadeira; she was allowed to take in 20 tuns of coal, water, and jwovisions. 2yth.—Kilp,atrick at Spottsylvania Court-house, 56 miles from Rich- moini. At 2 A. M. General Ciishar was within 4 miles of Charlottesville, surprised a cavalry camp, blew up six caissons, and destroyed the camp equipage, .and captured 20 prisoners; learning that Stuart was in the vicinity, in strong force, he fell back toward Madi.son Court-hou.se, destroy¬ ing the bridge over the Ravenna River. At 5 P. M. a small party of Kil¬ patrick’s command dashed into Beaver Dam Station, capturing the tele¬ graph operator. A large amount of rebel property was destroyed, and railro.ads torn up and obstructed. A tr.ain coming from Richmond, with troops, disembarked some of the men two miles below the station, when Kilpatrick’s men charged on them, and captured 2 officers and 30 men. Kilpatrick cros.sed the South Anna River during the night. Colonel Streight .and other officers escaped from Libby Prison and reached Wash¬ ington. General Butler sent a force from Fortress IMonroe to New Kent Court-house, to co-operate with Kilpatrick. General Rosee.rans, in Mis¬ souri, issued orders prohibiting .any citizen of Missouri instituting legal proceedings against any persons who had been in the military service, for alleged illegal act while in the service, without permission from bead-quarters. March 1, 1864.—President Lincoln gave his signature to the bill for establishing the rank of Lieutenant-General in the army, and nomin¬ ated General U. S. Grant to that grade. General Custar, on his retreat, w.as interrupted by Jeb. Stuart. Cushar charged on him and sc.attered the rebel column m confusion. This result was considerafily hastened by several shells thrown about the same time. The rebels followed Caa* March, 1S64.] HISTORY OF THH WAR. 151

tar in his retreat, but the advance, hearing the firing, returned to the main body, and drove otF a body of the rebels at the Rapiflan. Custar’s command reached camp, with*500 horses and 50 prisoners. General Butler made arrangements to e.xchange prisoners. At 10% A. IM., Kil¬ patrick, with his cavalry, was insidethe outer defenses of Kichinond, and shelled the city. This afternoon, a portion of his command, under Colonel Ulric Dahlgren, reached a point within three miles of Richmond. At night Kilpatrick camped within si.\^ miles of the city and siiftered from a shelling by the rebels. Dahlgren’s command went to Frederick Hall Station and destroyed the railroad and telegraph, captured 12 officers, in¬ jured the James River Canal, and captured quantities of rebel stores, it is .said that General Lee narrowly escaped capture .at Frederick Hall. Steamer Scotia, with 108 bales of cotton, captured by the Connecticut, otf Wilmington, N. C., having run out last night. Skirmish near Norfolk, Va. Jelierson Davis has sujipressed the Raleigh Standard. In conse¬ quence of the hanging of 2.J men of the 2d North Carolina Volunteers by the rebels at Kingston, N. C.,the North Carolina men in the Union army resolved on retaliation, and would take no more prisoners. Ex¬ citement at Newbern, N. C.; rebels preparing to attack the city. Rebels attack Camp Finegan, and retake the camp from the Federals, and drive them to M’ithiu three miles of Jacksonville, Florida; rebels lost 3Ukilled and wounded. 2d.—General Custar returned to the Army of the Potomacfrom his raid on the rebel right, making a detour by JMadison Court-house and Stan- nardsville. He penetrated to within three miles of Charlottesville, in Lee’.s rear. He defeated a force under Jeb. Stuart, taking 50 prisoners and 300 horses. General Kilpatrick ten miles south of Hanover Junction. Forty miles of the Virginia Central and Richmond and Frederick Rail¬ roads destroyed. He defeated a strong force, and afterward destroyed Lee’s communication with Richmond. A heavy force of cavalry came upon Kilpatrick’s rear, and were driven otf by the l.st Vermont and Ist Maine Regiments. General Butler .sent a protecting party of cavalry to look after Kilpatrick. Colonel Ulric Dahlgren and his party were am¬ bushed at King and Queen Court-hou.se, when the Colonel and several others were iiistantly killed; many were taken prisoners. In some measure the ill-fated Dahlgren failed to make connection with Kil¬ patrick’s cavalry. So ended this well-concocted sortie. Dahlgren’.s pur- po.se wa.s to enter Richmond and release the unfortunate Union prisoners there confined. 3d.—General Kilp.atrick arrived at Yorktown, having marched 225 miles, and destroyed avast amount of rebel property, and severed Lee’s communication w’ith Richmond. Kilpatrick’s los.se3 were about fi killed and 20 wounded. The notorious guerrilla Richard.son and several others captured by forces under General Hobson, near Cave City,.Kentucky. Richardson was shot, two day.® after, by a Mr. Stacy. The rebel General Price assumed command of Denartment of Arkansas. 4th.—Free-State Government'of Louisiana inaugurated. Palmer’s corps occupy Mickajack Gap. General Custar made asucce.s.sful recon- noissance across the Rapid.an at Ely’s Ford, and drove away the rebel picket^, and scouted the country for .several miles. 5th.—President Lincoln commuted the sentence of death against dc- eerters, to imprisonment during the war at the Dry Tortuga.s. Rebel raid.s on the Chesapeake Bay; several ves.sels captured. The steamer Loui.siana, of the Norfolk liiie, was bonded for 820,00(» and released. A body of reVjels, said to number 500, under IM.ajor Goforth, attacked a picket of 93 men of the 3d Tennessee, at Panther Springs, Tennessee. A desperate running fight ensued, the rebels being repulsed ; lo.ss slight on both sides. Rebels charged on the garrison of Yazoo City, Missia- Bippi, but were driven oflF by the troops and the gun-boats. 152 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [March, 1864.

6th.—The paltpeter-works in Franklin, Pendleton County, Va., com¬ pletely destroyed. Twenty-three soldiers of C. H. Foster’s North Caro¬ lina Regiment of Union troops were hung at Kingston, N. C., by the rebels, as deserters from the conscription. They met their fate like lieroes. Steamer I’eterhotf.sunk l)y collision with the Monticello, off the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay; Peterhoff sunk immediately, the crew escaping. The rebels, near E

general results of his expedition, including Smith’s and the Yazoo River movement, are about as follows: 150 miles railroad, G7 bridges, 700 feet trestle, 20 locomotives, 28 cars, 10,000 bales cotton, several sdeam-mills, and over 2,000,000 bushels of corn destroyed. The railro.ad destruction is complete and thorough. The cajiture of prisoners exceeds our loss. Upward of 8,000 contrabands and refugees c.ame in with the various columns. Rebels captured, off Nansemond River, the schooner Julia Baker, with a cargo of valuable stores; ve.ssel valued at S:10,000. Mr. Slidell, the Confederate agent at Paris, was informed by Emperor Max¬ imilian the new Mexican ruler, that ho could not, and would not, enter into any diplomatic relations with the Confederate States. 12th.—General Kilpatrick returned to Fortress Monroe from an expe- dition into Kins:^ and Queen County, Va., to chastise the rebels who am¬ buscaded and killed Colonel Pahlgren, lie destroyed King and Queen C'ourt-house. President Lincoln assigned Lieutenant-Genenil Grant to the command of the armies of the United States, with Major-General Balleck as Chief of Staff of the Army, Major-General Sherman to the military division of the IMississippi. General A. J. Smith’s Red River forces arrived at Semniesport, on the Atchafalaya. The gun-boats reached the same point. 13. —Indianola, Te.xas, evacuated by the Union forces, who took the land route, and, in crossing the baj’ous, 30 men were drowned. 14. —President Lincoln called tor 200,000 men to supply deficiencies, and form a reserve for the draft, to be ma

gnerrillas between Manchester and McMinnville, and killed 17 of them. The rest, about 60, escaped, pursued by the Union cavalry. Rebels attack Seabrook Island, in large boats, but were prevented by the vigilance of the pickets, who discovered their advance. 18th.—Rebels in force at Bull’s (5ap, East Tenn. Stokes’ cavalry over¬ took Ferguson’s guerrillas on Calfkiller River, and killed 8 of their number. loth.—A party of rebel cavalry made a dn.sh over Taylor’s Ridge, Ga., and captured a number of Union citizens. A few of Gilmore’s guerrillas made a raid into Bath. Morgan County, Va., and carried off a Mr. Bechtal and a ISIr. Wheat, Representatives from West Virginia. They were pursued by some of Sigpl’s troops, and some of the freebooters taken prisoners. Attempt made to burn the rebel War Department in Rich¬ mond. The Richmond Examiner o{ this date “thought the war spirit was dyingout among the Yankees ; that a fear of repudiation or bankniptey, and a disposition to compare magnificent outlay with mean results, together with a reaction conseipient upon over-excitement and the increasing probability that the whole worhi would soon officially recognize that the once United States, being dissevered forever, would do the work needed for Southern independence. It considered these hopeful indications for them, but allows that the efforts of the North woulo still continue in juoportion to the remaining means for the destruction of the Confed¬ eracy.” 20th.—Rebel army under Lee reported 130.000 strong; rebel army in full, 275,000. Rebels attempted to capture, by boats, the Union pickets at Jenkins’ Island, Port Royal Harbor, but were driven off. They came in 8 large flat-boats. Rebel sloop P’lorida, with a valuable cargo, captured at eea. 21st.—Lee’s army reinforced and reorganizing for an active campaign. Fight at Henderson Hill or Bayou Rapide, 20 miles above Alexandria, La., in which the rebels were whi()ped, losing 4 jdeces of artillery .and 270 prisoners, after a spirited engagement. General Mower flanked them, got m their rear, and compelled a'retreat. Skirmish at Pilatka, Fla.; rebels defeated. The rebel steamer Clifton, which had been captured from the Federal navy at Galveston, Janitary, 18().3, was endeavoring to run the blockade, off Sabine Pass, with over 700 bales of cotton ; she, however, got aground, and was burned by her crew, to prevent her falling into the hands ol the blockading fleet. 23d.—Small fight at Cave City, Ky. Rebels in East Tennessee prepar¬ ing fora r.aid into Kentucky. Forrest, with 5,000 men, adv.anced into West Tennessee as far as Obfon River, on a raid. General Steele’s com¬ mand, 15,000 strong, left Little Rock for Shreveport, La., to co-operato with General Banks. 24th.—Forrest’s forces at Union City, Tenn., dnving in the Federal pickets. Tliey cut telegraph wires and railroads in their progress. A Federal force w,as starteil from Columbus to reinforce the garrison; but meanwhile. Colonel Hawkins commanding, surrendered to the rebel com¬ mander. He had under him 425 men, a partoftliem mounted. A number of horses and mules were also handed over to Forrest soon after the sur¬ render. The rebels started southward, and soon afterward General Grier¬ son, who was apprised of the circumstances, sent a column of cavalry in pursuit. 25th.—Forrest, with his command, attacked Paducah, Ky., and soon drove the small Union force holding the place, consisting of the 40th Illinois and 220 negro soldiers, to the fort, below the town. Forrest, in time, demande(i its surrender, promising the treatment due to jirisoners of war, if speedily given up; but, in the event of his storming the works, he would extend no quarter. Colonel Hicks refu.sed, and succesfully resisted four separate assaults. Later in the day, three Union gun-boats March, 1864.] HISTORY OF THE IVAR. 155

arrived in the nver, and, after a warm contest, drove the rebels out of the town. During the shelling of the gun-hoats, the cowardly Forrest col¬ lected a number of women and children and ]>laced them in an exposeii position immediately in front of his lines ; several were killed and wound¬ ed. A portion of the town was burned t)y the fire from the gun-boats, in all about 60 buildings. Colonel Hicks burned some buiblings within range of the little fort. The cannonarling continued until 10 o’clock. Before the gun-boats arrived, the rebels sacked the town. The Union loss in killed and wounded nuini'ered 80; the rebels sustained a gieater loss than ours. Steamer l.

April 1, 1864.—General Joe Johnston, chief in cotnmand of rebel forces in Georgia, has been largely reinforced; his pickets at Ringgold, Ga., are witliin a mile of the Union force.s, with no disposition to attack. Fight at Brooks’ plantation, near Snyder’s Blutf, on the Yazoo, between 60U of the 1st Massachusetts Colored Cavalry and some rebels, lasting several hours, and resulting in the rout of the enemy ; all the works on the plantation were destroyed; rebel loss, unknown; Union loss, 46 killed and wounded; some negroes were burned in the buildings des¬ troyed by the foe. Steam transport Maple Leaf sunk by a rebel torpedo, at Buckel's Bluff, 12 miles from Jacksonville, Fla.; 4 of her crew drowned ; cargo a total loss. 2d.—Grierson’s cavalry had an engagement with Forrest, at Somerville, Tenn.; Grierson sustained a small loss, and was beaten. Rebel General Shelby, wdth 1,200 cavalry, 2 guns, attacked General Steele’s I'ear guard, under General Rice, near Elkins’ Ferry, on Little Missouri River, Ark.; rebels repulsed, with loss of 100 killed and wounded ; Union loss, about the same. Blockade runner burned, while running out at Pass Cavallo, Texas; 40 l^les of cotton .saved. General H. J. Smith’s army advanced from Natchitoches, La.; some slight skirmishing with the rebels, who made a stand at Crump’s Hill; some men killed and taken prisoners on both sides ; 40 of the Union cavalry charged a large body of rebels, but were cut up, and most of them killed and wounded. 3d.—Rebels attempted to destroy the light-ljpuse at Cape Lookout; they injured the building, but failed to destroy ft. Skirmishing at Bar¬ rancas, Fla.; rebels lost 30, killed, and wounded, and prisoners; Union¬ ists, 3 wounded. 4th.—Great Metropolitan Fair, for the benefit of the Sanitary Commis¬ sion, opened in New York. A small fight at Clarksville, Ark., in w hich the rebels were repulsed ; loss, 13 killed and wounded. House of Rep¬ resentatives p.assed resolutions affirming the Monroe doctrine. Marma- duke, w’ith 2,600 cavalry and.5 pieces of artillery, attacked Steele’s Union forces, on Little Missouri River, Ark., near Elkins’ Ferry, and after some time fighting, withdrew; loss on both sides, about 100 killed and wounded. Gun-boat No. 26, Captain Phelps, captured, at Crockett’s Blutf, Ark., a mail-bag, containing 500 letters from Richmond, and 00,000 percussion caps for Price’s army. 6th.—General Steele’s army has driven the Confederates from Arkadel- phia, and was marching in the direction of Camden and Washington. The great expedition of General Banks, under the immediate command j of General Franklin, and with A. J. Smith co-operating, ascended the ! Red River to about 40 or 50 miles from Shreveport, when they met the i advancing columns of Dick Taylor; some minor cavalry skirmishes took place, without results. The Louisiana Convention met at New Orleans, | to frame a new State Constitution. j 7th.—A party of 100 of the 3d Illinois Cavalry, with 1 gun, belonging to the 21st New York Battery, under Lieutenant Potts, while repairing the telegraph w'ires, within 6 dr 6 miles of Port Hudson, La., were surrounded by a party of Wirt Adams’s cavalry, who quickly possessed themselves of the gun, our men flying in disorder; the conduct of the cavalry alone i retrieved the fortunes of the hour. ' 8th.—Grierson made a sally over Wolf River Bridge, which Forrest had just completed, captured and destroyed it; he lost some 8 killed and W’ounded. Skirmish at Winchester between Union cavalry and rebels, under Imboden ; Unionists triumphant; loss, 100 killed and' w’ounded on - both sides. Disastrous battle of Sabine Cross Roads, near UTansJield, La. The heavy cavalry train of over 300 wagons, followed by a slender force of cavalry, which, contrary to all precedent, formed the advance of Gen- | oral Banks’ expedition to Shreveport, La., and far away from any infantry I support, encountered and were surrounded by the enemy, under General i April, 18S4.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 157

Hick Taylor. The enemy made an easy conquest of tnis valuable train. Infantry supports were ordered up by General C. P. Stone, who had direc¬ tion of the battle. General Hansom, who was afterward badly wounded, sent forward one small brigade, which was quickly disposed of by the enemy; then another appeared on the ground which met with no bettor fate; these were then .succeeded by the 4th Division, 13th Army Corps; the Union force at this time numbered about 5,(KK). The rebels then con¬ centrated their whole strength, numbering 10,(MK) men, and burly hemmed in our army, cutting them up very badly. Our troops fell back quickly, and a shameful retreat, rapitlly quickened to a rout, was apparent; soon batteries and teams, became deserted, and the utmost confusion and panic reigned; teamsters, negroes, field-officers, soldiers, (he rank and file, chaplains and sutlers, all rushing, helter-skelter, along the chocked and narrow roads to the rear, some mounted on artillery horses, some on wagon mules, with and without saddles or bridles. Most of the 13th Army Corps was by this time terribly disorganized; and when driven some 4 miles, they encountered the llkh Corps, 7,000 strong, headed by Banks and Franklin, who |>ersonally exerted themselves to stem the current, but without avail. The presence of this force somewhat checked the im]>etuosity of the victors, and enabled part of the train to be got off. It was then deemed expeilient to fall back to Pleasant Hills, a distance of 12 miles, which W’lvs done in tolerable order. This continued all through the night; 24 pieces of artillery, and .several hundred dead and wounded, were left in the hands of the foe. Tlie Confederates were under Ex-Governor and General .Moreton, Parsons, Green, Holmes, and Major- General Dick Taylor. The Dnion Generals with the expedition were, Franklin, A. L. Lee, McMillan, Cameron, Kwing, Dwight, and iMower. It was against the advice of Geneials Ransom and Franklin, that the cavalry', baggage, and provision trains were sent so far in advance of the main army. Too much attention was given to the accumulation of cotton and sugar, leaving the vital question of providing for our success to chance, while the wiley enemy came like an avalanche, setting at naught the results of six month’s labor spent in getting together (his large e.vpedition. Gen¬ eral Banks took pains to test the feeling of the citizens, at all points on the Mississip))i ami Red River, and of the soldiers composing his army, on the pending convention elections, at this time progressing in New Or- lean.s, and for this purpose had a careful vote g^llected. It is to be re¬ gretted that so much attention was given to politics and so little to strategy. 9th.—Continuation of the engagement with General Dick Taylor. General A. J. Smith and the Itith Army Corps, recently arrived from Vicksburgh, and later still from Fort DeRiissy, were formed in line of battle at Pleasant Hills, La., whgre the disorganized portions of the 13th Cor()s, and the more inbict legions of the 19th, fell back, after yester¬ day’s di.sastrous repulse. At 4 o’clock, P. M., they received the on¬ slaughts of Dick Taylor’s forces, who, in the early part of the fray, gained ground, steadily driving our troops from po.sitibn to position. General Smith, who showed undoubted evidences of personal bravery throughout the day, maneuvered into more favorable positions than he had previou.sly held, and toward evening rallied our men, and succeeded, by some well- directed assaults, in routing the over-confident foe with much loss. Their di.scomfiture was only a little less disastrous than ours on ye.sterday. The Union Generals, however, did not consider themselves strong enough to hold the field, so fell back to Grand Ecore. The enemy had, in addi¬ tion to some of the Generals engaged on the 8th, Generals Co»ant Polignac, Churchill and Scurry. General A. J. Smith covered him.self with glory, and literally saved Banks from annihilation. There has been over f>,(»00 men killed and wounded on both sides, in the battles of the 8th and 9th. The rebels lost heavily in prisoners in to-day’s fight. Ex-Governor and

X' 158 HISTORY OP THE WAR. [Api*!!, 1864.

General Moreton and Parsons were killed. The Senate passed the reso¬ lution amending the Constitution, declaring that neither slavery tior in¬ voluntary servitude shall exist within the United States after this time. Rebels make an attempt to tilow up the frigate Minnesota, off Newport News, hut only stteoeed in effecting trifling damage; the torpedo-boat engaged in the work escaped. 10th.—General Steele was at Wasliington, Ark., 126 miles from Shreve¬ port, but is unaVjle to form a junelion to assist General Banks, on Red River, as was originally intetnled; the rebels, under jMarmaduke, sur¬ rounded him on nearly every side. Active preparations for the opening of the campaign are still going on in the Army of the Potomac ; the 11th and 12th Corps have been consolidated under the title of the 20th Corps, and Major-General Hooker assigned to the command ; Major-General Howard has taken command of the 4th, relieving General Gordon Granger, and General Slociirn is to report to General Sherman ; an order was issued by General Grant, ordering all civilians, sutlers, and their em¬ ployes, to the rear, with all property for which there was no transporta¬ tion; by thS" same order furloughs were stopped; Lieutenant-General Grant visited Fortress Monroe, Annapolis, and other points, and, by per¬ sonal observation, informed himself of the condition of the .several de- fiartments. General William F. Smith has been assigned to General hitler’s department, and will direct military movements on the Penin¬ sula, which will be made simultaneously with the advance of the Army of the Potomac, which has been largely reinforced for the spring cam¬ paign. 11th.—Pteamer Sumter captured in St. John’s River, Florida, by steamer Columbine ; also, the Hattie Brooks, another valuable prize. 4i)0 Texah cavalry attempted to surprise a camp of 240 Federals, at Rose¬ ville, on the Arkansas River, but were repulsed, with a loss of 72 killed and wounded; Union loss, about half the number; 700 bales of cotton were loaded on a steamer during the fight. The disorganized masses of the 13th, and the less-shattered lOth and 19th Army Corps, reach Grand Ecore, on Red River, which is .3.6 miles from Plea.sant Hill, and 95 from Shreveport, where the rebels have 31 transports; reticls burned 750 bales of cotton, which Banks had collected ; our entire losses, up to the pres¬ ent time, will amoutto 670 killed, and 4,2(K) wounded and prisoners, since this ill-fated campaign tipened ; of guns, our loss will be 30; the rebels captured a paymaster’s safe, containing $1,000,000 ; besides these losses, there was the whole of the cavalry baggage captured, with over 400 wagons and teams complete. 12th.— Remarkable dimster to a Jarfje hodtj of rehele, iiuder General Green, on Red Ricer. On the descent of Admiral Porters fleet of 12 war vessels down Red River, having been prevented 6om accomplishing his original design of going to Shreveport, by Banks’ reverses on the 8th inst., he encountered a force of over 2,000 dismounted cavalry, under M.ajor-Gen- eral Green, at Blair's Landing. Impelled by their late successes, the Confederates had determined to capture the iron-clad gun-boat Osage, which was aground at Blair’s Landing, 25 miles from Mansfield, La. At the time of the attack, the transport Alice Vivian was engaged in hauling her off. The enemy of>ened a steady mttsketry-fire from 2,000 marks¬ men, at short range from the iron-clad; at the same time, 2 cannon they had with them participated freely. The Osage, returned a destruct¬ ive fire on these deluded men, mowing them down by scores, with shrapnell and canister; again and again their leaders blindly led them to the bank of the river, for the space of one hour, their puny charges making no visible impression on the gun-boat. About this time the Lexington, on her way down stream, stopped a short distance from the Osage, .at the bend of the river, and opened a murderous cross-fire, which seems to have prevailed on the enemy to abandon their wild hope of capturing an April, 1864.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 150

Iron-clad vessel. In their hasto to cet away, they loft one of their field- pieces behinrl; their loss was positively hot less than 500 killed and wounded, and many officers. The approaches to the ri verwere filled with dead bodies ; the famous General Thomas fireen was killed in the affray; bis head was blown off by a shell. After the rebels had run off, some of the navv went ashore, and fotmd that nearly all those loft behind had been plied with Louisiana rum ; this fact accounts for the amazing; rashness of the attack, and the extreme blindness which possessed them in snp- posin;; they could bo successful in attackin.g an iron-clad vessel. This defeat of the rel-)els, l)y the navy, with the loss of the best General they had in the South-West, retrieves^ in some measure, the crushing disasters sustained by the army during last week. Capture, of Fort I’illow, and max^acre of the parrix/m, hi/ rebeix This morning, about sunrise. General N. B. Forrest and General Chalmers, witli 5,0()i) men, attacked Fort Pil¬ low, on the ^Mississippi, north of Memphis. They assaulted the works for a long time, but made no sensible impression, being kept at bay by the gallant little fortress. Fonest determined to take the place by a ruxe, and, for that purpose, sent flags of truce, demanding a siirremler, which was promptly refused; meanwhile, he stealthily disposed his forces to advantage, within stone-throw of the works, the besieged foolishly allowing him to take this fatal .advantage without protest. At 2, P. M., tne rebels stormed the works, or might be said to have walked in and drove the men, pell-mell, from their guns down to the river. An in¬ discriminate slaughter was then commenced ; black and white, alike, were ruthlessly butchered. 'I’he garrison consisted of 400 of the I3th Tennessee Cavalry and 200 of the 6th United States Heavy Artillery, colored, all under command of IMajors Brarlford and Booth. After killing the negroes, the most fiendish atrocities were perpetrated; some were found horribly mutilated and burned ; 5 were buried alive ; only about 200 of the garrison escaped, by hiding and swimming, 5,> of the white troops were killed and l'>0 wounded ; 300 negroes butchered in cold blood. The rebels burned every building and blew up a portion of the works ; they lost only 2.’> killed and .50 wounded. The inhuman wretches killed a number of women and children; many of the wounded were burned, and then thrown into the river; the inner-fort fairly ran with blood. The miscreant Forrest, and his savages, retired jiist as the steamer Platte V.alley hove, in sight: the survivors hailed this vessel, when men were sent ashore to bury the dead and carry off some of the wounded. The rebels did not leave until they perfected their horrible work; they carried away 6 guns and all the stores of the garrison; next day they visited the scene of their exploits, and bayoneted some unfor¬ tunates whom they found still alive. Every officer commanding colored troops they shot, even after they surreiidercd, Forrest fell"back to Brownsville. A party of guerrillas tn.ade a raid on a cotton plantation at Tensas, La., 40 miles below Vicksburg, and cajifiired a large number of negroes and mules ; they carried off W. B. Allison, whom they com¬ pelled to dig his own grave ; they then deliberately killed him, and made the negroes burv him. 13th.—General Buford, of Forrest’s command, demanded the surrender of Columbus, Ky., at 7, A. M., which Colonel Lawrence, commanding post, refused. Buford promised white soldiers to be treated as prisoners of war, colored troops to be returne'i to their masters; no quarters if taken by storm. Preparations were then made for an obstinate resist¬ ance; about this time, a number of returned soldiers and a battery passed on the river within hailing distance ; the boat quickly rounded to, and soon the troops were landed, and, after a short time, compelled tho rebels to retire. Fight at Paintsville, Ky. 1,000 rebels, supposed to be part of Sam. Jones’ force, attacked 700 Tjuionists, under Colonel Gallup, at Paintsville, Ky.; at the first charge, the Federal* fell back to aa 160 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [April, 1864. advantageous position; soon the rebels attacked, ana were driven from the field, leaving their dead and wounded; 50 prisoners and KHJ horses were captured. An expedition, under General Kilby Smith, which, with a portion of Admiral Porter’.s fleet, went up the Red River previous to the three-days battles, returned safely. General Smith burned the stnall village of Compte, in consequence of its harboring a rebel battery, which very much annoyed our transports. At bonshatta Chute a rebel force was stationed, which had about 1-1 guns in a battery along the river banks. Our gun-boats and transports, in icturning, were obliged to run the gauntlet of these guns. A schooner, laden with cotton, was captured ia Atchat'alaya Ray, Ra. 14th.—Rebels made anotlier demand for the surrender of Paducah, Ky .,at2P. M.; this was very })eiemptorily refused. The rebels drew up their men, some 8o0 strong, preparatoiy to an assault. The tort opened on them, and, after a short fire, the enemy withdrew; they carried ott considerable plunder, however, belonging to citizen.s living outside the range of the fort, and that seeme00 bales of cotton; before leaving, they laid Monroe in ashes; over loo.ooo bales of cotton are said to have been destroyed V>y rebels on the Washita. 17th.—A large body of rebels moved down the Roanoke River upon Plymouth, N. C., accompanied by a ram, the Albemarle, and 4 gun-boats. The ram sunk the United States gnn-boat Whitehead, of 3 guns; at the same time a land attack was made on Fort Gray ; three assaults w'ere re¬ pulsed with some loss to the enemy, who are said to have 15 pieces of artillery and 5,000 men. The Federal gun-hoat Miami, Captain Flu.sser, the Ceres, and the Bombshell got under weigh for Fort Gray, but, before April, 1864.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 161

reaching, they were attacked by the rebel?, but the f;nn-hoat fire was too hot for them, anti they retired. This fort is two miles from Plymouth ; General Wessel.s demanded reinforcements, else Plymouth must fall. At Savannah, Ga., a i)arty of poor women appeared in the .streets, armed, and detiiandetl “ bread or blood.” They seized all the food they couhi find. The miliUvry were called out, anti the ringleaders committed to prison. Ihtli.—The rebels liave now .10 iron-elads ready for .action. 10 are at Iliehintind, 5 at Mobile, 7 at Charleston, 1 at .^avannah, .I on Neuse River, 2 tm 'far River, and 2 on Roanoke Rivtu*. Governor l\Iurphy was inaugu¬ rated at Little Rtick, .\rk., with Federal support; over 6,000 Union citi¬ zens were pre.sent at the ceremonies. 'I'he frigate \V.abash, l rebounded, killing him instantly. The Miami turned and ran down the river, and e.scafied. The ram then attacked and sunk the .Southfield, and captured the Bombshell, and dropped down to Idymouth, holding command of the river, and threatening the Union garrison holding Fort Gray. 2Uth.—Continuation of the rebel assault on Phnnouth, N. C. Rebel General 11. T. lloUe assaulted Fort Williams, to which General Wessels had re¬ tired, and after a violent storm, of many hours duration, it w.as cajitured. The rel>el gun-l>oats rendered ample assistance in reducing the place. Chir loss was 2iXJ killed and wounded, and 1,.‘)00 prisoners. Rebel los.s, lOU killed and wounded. Among the garrison were some North Carolin.a and negro troops, some of whom the reUd.s shot after surrender. This loss must be regarded .as erior force of rebels, under Colonel Drake, attacked a train of 200 w agons and 4 guns, a por¬ tion of Genei’al Steele’s train, which, with the escort, nearly 2,000 men, were captured. 26th.—Dealruclive assault of rebels on Porter's fleet on their retreat doicn Red River. Admiral David Borter, failing to get the gun-boat Eastport afloat in Red River, 50 miles above Alexandria, determined on blowing her up to pi’evcnt her falling into i-ebel liands. The enemy approached, unper¬ ceived, at the moment every thing was ready to destroy the vessel, and, rising sinldenly from the bank, they opened on our little squadron with 1,200 muskets, anened fire, which the enemy returned in a very spirited manner, every shot .striking the little fleet. j The pelting shower of shot and shell which the enemy )>oured into the devoted ve.ssels went through .and through, and cleared all on deck in a j few minutes. The flimsy character of these light-draught river boats I offered but poor jirotection to the crews from a hostile battery. In five minutes the Cricket was struck thirty-eight times witli solid shot and shell, with a loss of twenty-three killed and wounded—half her crew; the Juliet about the same, with fifteen killed and wounded, and was soon disabled, being cut to pieces, hull and machinery. The engineers, pilots, and gun-crews of the Cricket were killed, and the vessel was in momentary danger of falling into the enemy’s hands, wlfen Borter him¬ self steered the vessel before a murderous fire of the rebel batteries, and drooped out of range. The Hindman was badly cut up, and lost 8 or 10 killed and wounded. Finally, the Admiral reached the protection of tw'O iron-clads; the Osage was one, which had been engaged m shelling a field battery all day. The Lexington was also engaged at the same place. Thus it was that the entire river, on both sines, swarmed with the enemy. When they had followed our army to the point where they could effect no more, all their attention was turned to the little .squadrom escorting the Eastport. Everyman and gun was brought to the river, and our fleet had to contend against such odds that it seemed imjiossible ( to escape destruction or very severe handling. No ve.'^sels were ever better fought, and none of this class (mere bandbo.x vessels) were ever under so hot a fire. On the way down to Alexandria, obstacles were overcome enough to appall the stoutest heart. Guns had to be taken out of vessels, and then jumped over .sand-bars and logs, and the squadron ' arrived in time to prevent any attack on the reserve stores. There were two small boats burned and destroyed by the fire from the shore bat¬ teries, and about 100 men killed and wounded, all of them having been shot down at their guns. Rebel General Hoke approached Little Wash¬ ington, N. C., but retired on being shelled by our batteries. Impress¬ ive address made by Mrs. Booth, when she presented a blood-stained flag to the Gth U. S. Heavy Artillery, at Fort Bickering, near Menijihis. Mrs. Booth w'as the wife of the Federal commander at Fort Billow, w horn Forrest murdered. U. S. supply steamer Union captured schooner 0. K., , near Tampa Bay, with an assorted cargo. The Union army in Virginia ’ May, 1864.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 163

have been concentrating near Culpepper Court-house, about ten miles li’oin the northern bank of the Kapidan; the Confederate army was mainly at Orange Court-house, about twenty miles south, ten miles from the soutli bank ot the Rajiidan, the outpo.sts and pickets of both armies reaching that stream, on either side. —The officers and crew of the U. S. steamer De Soto are entitled to their proportion of [irize-money, amounting to 5440,000, from two cap¬ tures, the James Battle and .Alice Vivian. 28th.—Disastrous fire at Wilmington, N. C.; 6,000 bales of cotton de¬ stroyed; total los.s six millions of dollars. U. S. sloop-of-war Preble burned oft Pensaco'a, Florida. General Kilpatrick, with a thousand cavalry, make a reconnoissance to Balil Knob, near Ringgold, Geor¬ gia, where he encountered a strong rebel force, who delended the place with great bravery, fighting in regular Camanche style. General Kilpatrick had a great e.scape with his life. Admiral Porter arrived at Alexandria, La., with his gun-boats, having run through a murderous fire from rebel batteries and strong bodies of sharp-shooters, and over¬ coming obstacles sufficient to daunt the bravest. His escape from the rebel toils is little less than miraculous. A brigade of Union cavalry, under General Davis, went on a reconnoissance to Madison Court-iiouse, Virginia. A small party of about JO rebels were taken jirisoners. Seven of Moseby’s men were captured by a scouting jiarty from Fairfax Court¬ house. 2'Jth.—Major-General P. II. Sheridan installed as Chief of Cavalry, Army of the Potomac. Rebels throw up earth-works on the line of the Kapidan and on the Rappahannock. Marlin Smith was executed to-day at Fort Pickering, near l^Icinjihis, for smuggling percussion caps to the enemy. A large Union force attacked the jnckels on the Ringgold road, near Dalton, Georgia, capturing several. General A. L. Lee and nine¬ teen other officers are under arrest in New Orleans, for declaring that the Ked River expedition was not for fighting, but for thieving and specu¬ lating. United [States steamer Honeysuckle captured schooner Miriam, from Havana, vvith an assorted cargo. 30th.—AtSutlblk, Virginia, our pickets engaged the enemy’s, and the loss reported heavy. '1 ne Fourth .Auditor’s office distributed 5306,000 of prize-money, and settled 3,200 prize claims, during this month. May 1, *18*34.— Rebel skirmishers menace Vicksburg, Mississippi. The otiter jiickets were driven in. Admiral David Porter, with his .sail¬ ors and a large force of soldiers and negroes, engaged in damming the river at Alexandria, La., to give a sufficient depth of water for gun-boats to cross the falls—Lieutenant-Colonel Bailey, 4th Wisconsin Regiment, acting as engineer. A cavalry dash was made by the rebels on Newbern, North Carolina, but they were driven off by the gun-boats Commodore Barney’and Louisiana. Commodore W. D. Porter died in New York City. He it was who commanded the U. S. iron-clad Es.sex, in the Mis- .sissippi River, and destroyed the rebel ram Arkan.sas, in August, 1862; his presence in the Mi.ssissippi River, at t4ie time, contributed much to the saving of Baton Rouge, La. 2d.—Operations in Virginia. The expedition to Madison Court-house, Va., returned to head-quarters; They drove a body of the enemy before (hem and into the town, where the latter stood at bay and poured a some¬ what destructive fire upon the Union troops from the houses they occu¬ pied. Our troops, as a matter of necessity, set fire to the building.s, and, m a short time, the once Vjeautiful village was laid in ashes. Lieutenant- General R. E. Lee, of the Confederate army, in heavy force at Orange Court-house, Va., aw’aiting any forward movement of the Union army, which lay rnas.sed at Culpepper Court-house, h’ight at Bolivar, Tenn., about 80 miles from Mempnis, under General Sturgis, when he routed General P’orrest, who retreated, burning bridges, etc. Paducah, Ken* 164 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [May, 18C4. tucky, again threatened by rebels, who appear in v'^tronger force than when they menaced the place on the 14th of Apnl. Itebels evacuate Plymouth, North Carolina, which jdace they took and held since the 20ih of April. 3d.—Commodore Charles AVilkes suspended from duty for 3 years, and reprimanded, for disobedience to orders. Bill to increase pay of soldiers in the army (rom 13 to lii dollars per month passed. 4th.—Lieutenant-deneral U. S. Grant's stupendous army, with G day.s’ rations, under the immediate orders of Major-General I\Ieade., moved’on yesterday morning from Culpepper Court-house, where it had been con¬ centrating, and to-day crossed the Bapidan on pontoon In idges, at Ger¬ mania and Ely’s Fords. It then approached the Wilderness without molestation, avoiding the heavy works to the westwaid, at Mine Run. Tne 6th Corps is commanded bj' Warren, the Gth by .Sedgwick, the 2(1 under Hancock, and the 9th, under Burnside, holding the north bank as a reserve. 5th.—First dat/'s battle between Lieutenant-General Grant and General Lee, on the advance fo Nichmond. Early in the morning, our troojvs took up the line of march through the Wdderness. biiottsylvania t;om)ty, Va., hold¬ ing a solid front toward the west, where HX»,tKiu of the enemy were in¬ trenched. We did not, as was anticipated, “ steal a march he was, in a few hours, made aware of our endeavors to “ head him otf” to Rich¬ mond, and, in all his might, advanced to drive us back to the Rajadan. A sanguinary engagement ensued, which was kept up until late.. Lee adopted his old planofhurling heavy divisions, under Mill and l-iarly, upon our most assailalile point.s, at first with great succes.s, captunng 1,’JUO men atone coup ; subsequently we intiicted severe punishment on the enemy, and took several hundred prisoners. The killed and wounded, on i)Oth sides, amounted to over 12,000. In consecjuence of the high growth and density of the chaparral, or undergrowth, it was impossible for com¬ manders, even at a short distance, to see any thing of the battle. No artillery was used. Both armies lay on their arms ; no results wcu'e at¬ tained, except that Grant selected a slightly Ixdter position. We lost General Ale.x. Hayes among the killed. Vommencement of Major-Gen¬ eral IV. T. Sherman's Campaign in Georgia. 'I'he .Armies ot' the (himber- land, the Ohio, and the Tenne.ssee, which had been tor a long time recu¬ perating in the garrisons lying between Knoxville, Tennes.see, and Hunts¬ ville, commenced to move during this week. 'I’he r(/cky-fae.ed barriers of Dalton was the objective point. Here the rebel legions lay securely, feeling jubilant and sanguine. For some days previous to the 6th of May, General Thomas had been moving against the reViel jiosition from Ringgold, while Schofield advanced fiotu (Heveland, 'I'eniH'ssee, with the 23d and 4th Army Corps to unite, with him at 'runnel Hill, Georgia. Little resistance was made at this place, the rebels retreating to the stronger position of Buzzard’s Roost. The 14th Corps, under Palmer, after a short skirmish, took posses.sion of the hill through which the railroad passes by a tunnel 1,800 feet in length. Our giin-boat.s have made an unsuccessful attempt to destroy the rebel ram .Mtiermarle, in the waters of Albormarle Sound, N. C., accompanied by the Cotton-Plant and Bombshell, cajitured at Plymouth, Ajiril 18. She was attacked by 7 Federal gun-boats, but escaped unhurt, after a three, hours’ fight. Gur gun-boats, which were but slightly injured, retook the Bombshell, with all on board. 'I’he Sassacus ran into the ram at full S})eed, but without inflicting any damage. W’e lost 8 killed, 20 wounded, and several badly scaldecl. disastrous retreat of General Steele to Little Itock, Arkansas. Gener.al F. .Steele, with his army, arrived at Little Rock, Arkansas, followed by the forces of Steiling Price, Marmaduke, and Fagan. .\t Saline Fork and Jenkins’ Ferry he engaged the rebels, and, after inflict¬ ing some punishment on them, retired in great ha.ste, burning e’very May, ISfri.] BISTORT OP TUB WAR. 165

f bridge behind him, and barely succeeded in savin" the main body of his I army from annihilation, lie lost all his train, some guns, and hail much of his force cut up. It is estimated that he has lost, in the campaign just brought to a close, -3,000 men, 7i>0 wagons, and 15 pieces of artillery, 'fhi.s -disaster ensued from the misfortunes of General Banks, with whom Steele was to co-operate, at Shrevejtort, La. The rebels lost General W. , R. Scurry and II. Randall, near Jenkins’ Ferry. They had the rank and file severely cut up, however, in the many onslaughts made on the Union troops. The transports Belle, Emma, and Warner destroyed while pas.s- i-ing a rel>el battery below .\ie.xandria, on Red River. Portions of the 2d I Ohio Regiment, on board, were captured; also, two tin-clad gun-lwats, with 15 pieces of artillery. The rel)els made a raid on the Baltimore and j Ohio Railroad, destroying $50,000 worth of property near Piedmont, a I few miles from Curnberiand. A terrible railroad accident occurred on ^he Louisville and Nashville Railroad, by which 87 soldiers were killed and wounded. 0th.—Second day's battle in the Wilderness, Va. The engagement that \Vi\s closed on the 5th, without advantage to either side, wa.s renewed to¬ day. The enemy ‘‘opened the ball.” Lee’s tactics were shown by his i -flinging nearly his whole army on one wing and then on another, at times with much di.saster, and again with success, as when he captured the whole of ShaJer’s and Seymour’s brigades, as well as the conimander,s them.selves. This calamity jeopanlized the right wing and im[)erile(l the safety of the whole ariny. V'ery late in the day, however, Viy the 'exertions of General Sedgwick, we Vegained our front, almost niiracu- . lously, and com|>elled the foe to retire. Owing to the nature of the gul- j lies and jungle which overrun this waste, no artillery could be used. ' Our loss was roughly estimated at G,U(»0 killed and wounded. The light- : ing w;is much more bloody than on yesterday. Generals Sedgwick, i'liancock, an0 killed and wounded. The small revenue steamer Harriet Lane, captured by the rebels January, 1863, arrived at Havana with a cargo of cotton. 9th.—Continuation of General Grant's advance. No very important ac¬ tions were noticeable to-day. Our army still encircling the rebel hosts around Spottsylvania Court-house. In crossing the Po River, a brisk battle occurred between some divisions under Hancock, Birney, and Gibbons. The brave Major-General John Sedgwick was picked off by a sharp-shooter. This occurrence cast a gloom over the whole army. Our troops received the rebel charges with groat valor, and large los.ses en¬ sued. At other portions of the field our men were the assailants. The

the battle-ground of Saturday, at daylight, and moved forward, soon strik ing the railroad si.x miles from Peterslnirg and thirteen from Richmond; after destroying the road, they pressed on aftei the enemy to Swift Creek. Here the rebels made a .sland behiml rough works, but yielded to a ‘ charge from General Heckman, and retired a short distance to a strong position commanding the creek. General Sheridan, in the circuit of his celebrated raid around Richmond, with his force of 8,000 cavalry and artillery,- -- . destroyed^ one and. ,,a half4 .V».. •million 4. . rations,4 4^ 4 . V/44. J intended• » 4 4 4. 4 * 4 ♦ V.* for4 4^1 theV « 1 rebel• V.. » / ». army ; also, three trains of cars and locomotives, to-day, at Beaver Dam, ' Virgini.a. Steamer IMinnie, a blockade runner, captured by U. S. steamer Connecticut. It is ascertained that the I’ebels have seven iron-clads at Charleston, which threaten soon to take the offensive. 10th.—Continuation of General Grant's advance.— Heaviest day's fighting during the month. The three days’ fighting, which ended on the night of May, 18G4.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 167

'this day, is known by some as the battle of Laurel Hill. The fightin<» to-day was the most general and sanguinary .since our arinv took up their , march through the Wilderne.ss. Tiie lines of battle extended for a

sent out, nnaer Generals Gillmore and 8011111,10 cover the cavalry move-, ment under General Kautz, lor the |>nr(>o3e of^everin^ railroad com munication between Richmond and Pan vide. They aiTvaneed up the *' railroad toward Chester and Ki(dimond, wliere they met the enemy, and^ , drove them, at a brisk pace, for a mile or more. Coming to a strons;erilous po-'i sition for nearly a month. At Matagorda, Texas, the Ferlenil gun-lKMitSf ^ Alabama and Estelle attacked the rebel gnn-boat J. P’. Carr, anrl, after J a tight of two hours, the Alabama was struck below the water-line, andij ' retired in a sinking condition. liith.—Continuution of General Grant's advance—Ninth day. The erHi, emy withdrew part of ids forces during the night. His tremenilous losses made him take this step. Owing to the inclemency of the weath¬ er, as much as to the circumstance of new combinations being effected, there was no fighting of importance to-day. Co-operative movements in General Butler's Department. A viKorous skimiishini'of Gillmore’s forc^ft with the enemy occurred, followed by an assault ami capture of someN*" of tlie rebel outer works of P’ort I>ar}ing, at Drury’s Bluff, commanding! b the water approaches of iRichmotid. No h'.ss than 27 rebel officers, liolding the rank of Colonel, have Ix'cn killed or badly wounded since J'® we crossed the Rajadan. At (hiarleston, South Carolina, a brisk fire has- P^' been kejit up between the forts and the iron-clads. It is the heaviest that has been known at this place for some time. 14th.— Continuation of General Grant's advance—Tenth day. Much marching and countermarching, much ra})id transferring and massing of strong forces at particular strategic points, was observable to-day—the^ rebels, like ourselves, changing their position frcipiently. A large por¬ tion of his army have gone to digging trenches, while ours do the same with even greater vigor. The (itli Corps charged on a position of the enemy, and took it by storm, but were not able to remain very long its jnasters; the rebels making a fierce onset, drove our men out wit#i slaughter, and nearly sncceeosition, which the enemy soon saw the advantage of occupying, but was overtaken and repulsed. Offensive operations were retarded by the impassable condition of the roads. No less than .30 Colonels in tha rebel service have been killed since our advance from the Rapidan. Co^ operative movements in General Butler's Department. For the last two days, there has been much skirmishing and picket-firing. About nine o’clock last evening, the rebels attempted to jidvance on onr lines, near the Petersburg Turnpike, hut, alter u short engagement, they were drivea- I May, 1884. HISTORY OP THE WAR. ica

wifhm their vrorKs. Alxitit noon, to-day, the rehein came ont of their i« lortineatiou:* and attacked ireekmaii’s brigade. "J'he fiyht was altogether id with musketry. Tlie enemy were driven hack. General Sheridan, with his heavy cavalry and artillery force, reached Turkey liend, on James » liiver, to eo-oju'rate with General Butler, after a very .successful detour around the north of Richmond. He started from near the Rapidan, on the nth instant, and inflicted a great amount of injury on the communi- wi f-ations of the reliel army, producing vast alarm in tlie Confederate cap- f\ J_tiil. Ho fought large parlies of the enemy, thrown out from Richmond, Ik I on (bur occasions, and recajitured 800 of oiir men and officers ; our loss i will amount to 500 killed and wounded—not large, considering the timo ‘f-i spent, amount of injury inflicted on the enemy, and his own loss in men. ’-o: This lias been the only cavalry raid that has been attended by any per- V iiianent success for a long time, with the exception of General Kautz’s. m Western Virginia. General F'. Sigel, with 5,000 men, was «^'ad1y repul.sed at Rood’s .stills, near New Market, Slienandoah Valley, it I Virginia. He acted conti-ary to orders, in moving against Imboden, Kchols, and Breckinhdge. The enemy had an equal number of men, and drove the Union commander, in much disorder, from the field. lie li . thst in the engagement, and in the retreat to Strasbnrg, 30 miles di.shant, 800 men, killed, wounded, and missing, besides 6 guns and 1,000 small i, arms ; he burned the most part of his train to prevent it falling into the •i hands of the foe. Guerrillas troublesome around Baton Rouge and Port yudsqn. La. A party of Scott’s cavalry, 100 strong, under McKewen, surprised a stockade defended by 20 negro soldiers, at tlie saw-mill of Dr. Noyes, within two miles of Port Hudson. They shot and bayoneted 9 1 ■5.! four of the garri.son ; also, three of the white inilt-haiids, while running '^«I toward Port Hud.son. 'I'hey behaved very barharousiy to all, white and ■!/ Jjlack, and, before leaving, burned the extensive saw-mill, the cottage residence of Dr. Noyes, al.so his workmen’.s quarters, all of which haii been erected in December, at an expen.se of &;{0,000. They appeared at daylight, staid half an hour, and carried away several prisoners, among ■lit whom was the white officer commanding the stockade, 10 of the niill- ■« iuuuls, the cashier, and one of the superintendents; also, 20 negro f. lahoiers, and finally drove off 00 mules ami horses. They were pursued, le before reacliing Clinton, La., by the 3d Illinois Cavalry, and, in a skirm¬ ■i» ish, lost three or four of their number killed, and two more taken pris¬ oners. Most of the mill-hands and negroes were left behind in the rout '■* ',iiat succeeded to this attack. The greater portion of the negroes de- Jierted the plantations worked by Dr. Noyes. He had over 200. They t. a 'gave as a reason their fears of another slaughter, if again visited by (heir former masters and their neighbors. Sangninar;/ battle at Itesaca, Qeorgia. A portion of General Sherman’s army, under Joe Hooker, after T- Iwo days’ hard fighting, compelled General Joe E. Johnston to evacuate a strongly-fortified position at Resaca, Georgia, and toward niglitfall was in vigorous pursuit of the enemy. We have lost, since May fi, over 1,

early in the morning, favored by a dense fog, by precipitating 15,000 picked troops on our lines. Ttiey soon carried several positions by Hanking, driving the Union troops back for two miles. This was done, however, in good order. General Heckman and his brigade were nearly annihilated; the commander and a large number of his men were cap¬ tured. Our retreat, by one of the turnpike roads, was cut off, tlie rebels holiling it in force. We had to cut a new road, in order to retire. At about 8 o’clock, serious fears were entertained that the enemy had com¬ pletely turned our right Hank, and, at another time, that he had got into our rear. He would have done so, but for the determined resistance offered by General Ames, who was posted to defend the road. Had the Union General taken the precaution to intrench, this serious and de¬ structive reverse might have been averted. Our right wing was the point upon which the enemy directed his most furious assaults. Th(^ error that General Weitzel, or Gillmore, fell into was, not properly pro' tecting and covering this point, which, from its position, could not ob¬ tain any support from the gun-boats. Our troops fell back to Bermuda Hundred, abandoning the advanced positions which we had gained with .so much toil and loss of life, the enemy not pursuing. Our losses will amount to over 5,000. Two small Western gun-boats, the Signal and Cov¬ ington, were attacked by guerrillas, on Red River, La. The Covington was blown up to prevent her falling into rebel hands; the other boat fell into the hands of the enemy. All the rest of Porter’s fleet reached the Mississippi in safety. Movements in General Sherman' Departments Early this morning, our cavalry, under McCook and Stoneman, was thrown forw.ard from Resaca, Georgia, in pursuit of the retreating rebels, and later in the day General Hooker crossed the river on pontoons, near Resaca, and Schofield, in the same way, near Pelton. 17th.—Continuation of General Grant's movements in Virginia. A slight improvement in the roads around Spottsylvania Court-tiouse. The enemy worked hard last night and all to-day, strengthening his works. With the exception of a studious examination of the rebel position, and the receiving of stores, and ammunition, and reinforcements from the new depot lor supplies. Belle Plain, nothing was done for the last threa- ' 111 ‘h days. The over-taxed energies of the men loudly called for this respite. G Co-operative movements in General Btitler's Department. General Kautz, with his cavalry force, returned to Bermuda Hundred, after his second ! ei great raid, effecting much damage to the enemy’s communications I ee south of Richmond; he captured over 100 prisoner.s. Operations in Souther west Virginia. Generals Crook and Averill, with a strong force of cavalry, who set out on an expedition from Kanawha Valley, Virginia, some days tt ago, have m.ade good report of them.‘

men in this forenoon’s attempts to dislodge the enemy. Nothinor of mo¬ I ment occurred later in the ilay, the enemy acting altogether”on the defensive. Operalions in General Sherman's Department. General Sher¬ man, with a portion of his army, reached Kingston, Georgia, while Davis, -■with another column, occn])ied Rome. The enemy, under Joe John¬ ston, retreating, as usual. On 3’esterday he gave some slight ojiposition, at Calhoun, but was quickly routed. Thus^ within ten u^ays, Sherman has succeeded in flanking the enemy at Dalton, seized the gaji at Snake Creek, compelling him to fly. .Again met and beat him at Kocky-face —Ridge, Mill Creek Gap, etc., and encountered him later in a heavy and continuous artillery duel, at Resaca, defeating and jiursuing him, with heavy loss, almo.st uninterruptedly. Itebel assault on General Banks' troops in the lied liiver country, and their repulse. General Hanks, on his retreat from Alexandria, Loui.siana, covered by the gun-lkiats, which ^)lace he left and hi.s troops burned, on the 14th inst., was escorted all i the way by large numbers of the enemy, under General Count Polignac. On the loth, they attacked, in force, at Avoyelle’s Prairie, but not with the desired success. They again made a tierce assault on the Union troops, on the ISth, at Yellow Hayou, when they were confronted by Gen¬ erals Mower and A. J. ISmilh, who, more than once, saved Hanks’ .army from annihilation. Upon this occasion, he checked the rebels, with some loss, and extricated the army from the rebel toils. The receipts of the Sanitary Fair, held in New York have exceeded Sl,(iOO,tK)0. Hogus proclamation, jiurporting to emanate from President Lincoln, L I calling for 4oo,ouo men, by immediate and peremptory draft, published i in New York World and Journal o/ Voinmerce. The military authori¬ S ties seize the offices, and arrest their [lublishers and tlie author of the X forgery, Joseph Howard, late writer on the New York Times, who, when arrested was engaged on the Hrooklyn Eagle. Five guns, of formidable -wize, arrived at Fort Richmond, New York Harbor, and will immedi¬ ately lie mounted. During the last three months, upward of sixty pieces have been placed in position. 'i 19th.—Uontinuation oj General Grant's operations in Virginia. A move¬ ii ' ment was made last night by our cavalry, and, as was intended, this morn- 4 "tng to be seconded by infantry, which had for its object the flanking of e> General Lee. This, unfortunately, was rendered futile by the rebel Gen¬ t, eral Ewell. He marched a part of his corps to flank our right, cut off .d or disturb our communication with the ba.se of supjilies, and help him¬ :3 self to our ample commissariat, fast arriving from Helle Plain. The up- »• "kliot of it was, he made a foray on 40 or 50 wagons, scattering teamsters and a small cavalry force. He had hardly made himself master of this ■>3 wagon train, when he was intercepted by General Tyler’s heavy artil¬ 1. lery divisions—green troops, armed as infantry. They received some terrific charges of the rebel veterans, unflincliingly, and soon drove A them into the woods, recovering most of the plunder, A portion of the ■>3 2d, oth, and Gth Corps were brought up to dispute the newly-taken ie ground, which, if not unsuccessful on the part of the Confederates, (« would have been vastly embarras.sing to the advance of General Grant. ti lost 1 ,5(K) men; the enemy 2,OUO. Co-operating ’movements in General !« Butler's DepartmeiU. Since the retreat of our forces, from the discom- ii ftture met with on Monday morning, little has been done, Beauregard had moved down his forces, to-day, in proximity to our line, and, about T- midnight, attacked Terry’s and Ames’ divisions of the 10th Corps. A ii? but short contest followed, in which the enemy was ultimately I repulsed, and the remainder of the night was quiet. A motion was made e- by members of the Confederate Congress to form themselves into a !l military company to defend Richmond. The steam-tug Harriet A. at’ Weed, in the St. John’s River, Florida, ran upon torpedoes, which i 172 HISTORY OP THE WAR. [May, 1864. completely destroyed the vessel. This is the third vessel which has been destroyeii l;»y tor}>eits they had occujaed. A contest at once commenced, and lasted, at intervals, through the day. General Terry’s line of ritle-j)its was at last repossessed, and tlie eneni.yL, at night forced to withdraw. Our losses d-e not .seem to have received any careful estimate, but the flay’s skirmishing seems to have been in¬ decisive. The rebel General W. y. Walker was wounded and taken prisoner. General Banks, with what was left of his army and train.s, arrived at Semmesport, J^a., on the Atchafalaya River. Flying Iwnnis of . the rebels harrassed his rear on the retreat from Alexandiia, on the 3Gth and 18th, when engagements were fought. Genera' A. J. Smith, with Ids corps, has reached the mouth of Red River, and will ascend the Mississippi, to act against Marmaiiuke, in .Arkansas. Banks will leave for Morganza, on the Missis.ei General Longstreet. General Warren’s corps struck camp at a later hour in the morning, and moved south, driving the enemy back at some points. This caii.sed the rebel Ewell to follow with all haste. By midnight, nearly all the army occus, pied ground from 20 to 25 miles nearer to Richmond than on Friday morning, the 20th. Co-operalive movements in Genei-alButler’s DepartmenU The enemy, under General Beauregard, made a sortie, late at night, on General Ames’ lines. General Gillmore’s divi.sion, ami, after tightin.g .'15 minutes, retired with loss. The gun-boats stationed in the James .and.. Appomattox Rivers, under Rear-Admiral S. P. Lee, did good service and contributed much to the results. The United States gun-boat Shaw- sheen was captured by rebels, lately, in the James River; 22 olficers and men were made prisoners; 3 killed and wounded. Sixty citizens of Fredericksburg, Virginia, have been arrested and sent to Washington, hostages for a like number of our wounded soldiers, betrayeil into rebel hands Viy Mayor Slaughter. M.ajor-General Irwin McDowell assigned to the command of the Departmeiit of the Pacific. This officer has been i allowed to remain idle for a long time. —Continuation of General Grant’s advance, Nothing of momeni May, 18G4.] HISTORY OP THE WAR, 173 occurred to-rtay. The Union .army commands IMilford Station, on the Kicluiiund and Frederick.sbnr*; Ihtiiroad, and Guinea’s Bridge. The enemy were found li> have wittidrawn from their position at Spottsyl- vunia. The movement.s of the two vast armies may be characterized as an immense retreat on the part of the foe, and a vigorous cliase on ours. 2dd.—Continuation of General Grant's operations in Virginia. General Grant puslied Ids forces ra}>idly to the JN'orth Anna River. The 5th and 2d Corps led tlie van ; the 2d stormed and took the work.s, just erected by the rt'bels, who had arrived the day before from Spottsylvania, and had thrown themselves before us to prevent any further movement aru'oss the river. At another point, the 5th Corps repulsed an onslaught of unusual fierceness, ma-th.—The operations in General Sherman’s department, although un¬ demonstrative since the 18th, have been, for some days, culminating to a decisive point. On the 2oth, a portion of his cominanil secured a good position, near Dallas, Georgia ; after some hard fighting, this was fol¬ lowed, on the 26th and 27tli, by aidive assaults of the enemy on our sliglitly-intrenched position. In these forays he made no impression. On the 28th, the a.ssaults were renewed with greater vehemence, and continued all day. McPherson, Ijeing in command of the Union works, closed the day by driving the enemy liack, with slaughter. Some ac¬ counts give the combined casualties at 3,000. The United States steamer Admiral captured the blockade-runner Isabel, while attempting to nm into the port of Galveston. The Isal^el, previously, made upward of twenty trips between Havana and the ports of Mobile and Galveston. The cha.se between the Admiral and the Isabel was an arduous one. She had a cargo of powder, arms, percus.sion caps, atid medicines. During the chase, she threw tlie j)Owder overboard. Emperor Maximilian and suite landed at Vera Cruz, Mexico. A new government has been iiiau- gurated in Mexico, and monarchy is now fainy established on the North American Continent. The New World can, at last, claim equality with the Old ; for it exhibits on either side of its Rejiublican center specimens of the pomp and pride of royalty. 31st.— Continnation of General Grant's movements— Grant reinforced by two corps, under comtnand of General Baldy Smith. Little was achieved since the 26th. On the 27th, a portion of Sheridan’s cavalry took pos¬ session of Hanover Ferry, on the Pamunkey, using White House as his base of supplies. The passage of the Pamunkey was effected by a large portion of our troops, without molestation, on the 28th, and Lee had, by that time, swung his army round to Hanover Court-house. A severe cavalry eng.agement, on a small scale, (small to the events known within the last few weeks,) occurred with the rebel cavalry, under Fitzhugh Lee and Hampton, our cavalry division being under Gregg, who, at the time, was engaged in making observations. We lost 450 men; rebels about the same. They left "us the field, and a number of their killed and woun

Smith took the 18th and 10th Corps round to the Chickahominy, to act in concert with General Meade. Yesterday the enemy opened with a heavy ailillery fire, continuing the whole day,‘to which General Hutler rejilied. Heauregatd’s losses, in the several engagements with General Butler, re¬ ported, in the Petersl)urg (rebel) papers,'at 80,000. Cleveland Convention nominates John C. Fremont for President, and John Cochrane for Vice- President. The platform adopted was: The restoration of the Union; the suppre.ssion of the rebellion, without compromise ; a free press ; the habeas corpus; abolition of slavery; the Monroe doctrine; one-term }>residency ; confiscation of rebel lands, and their division among the soldiers of the army and sailors. Confederate Congress, at Richmond, adjourned. Rebel General Shelliy captured Dardanelles. Ark., taking 2tX) of our men. Marmaduke, also, has taken artillery, transports, and stores from us, and is blocking rivers. J.acksonport and Batesville, Ark., have been evacuated hy our forces. Rebel guerrillas are very active in South¬ eastern Missouri and Arkan.sas, and annoy our boats on the rivers in those sections. l)unng the month of May, there were settled, at the Fourth .Cuditor’s office, twenty-.si.x hundred" and twenty-eight claims for prize-money, amounting to nearly half a million dollars. New lists for distribution, amounting to 8772,400, wore received during the .same time. The London 'I'imes asserts that, during the month of May, twenty-four vessels entered that (Ku t safely, and the agent of a British firm, at Ber¬ muda, has sent an average of three mails per week into Secessia from Bermuda and Nas.sau, and has only lost two mails in two years. The correspondent wonders that England doesn’t appoint a consul at Wil¬ mington, and that Englishmen do not go more largely into so juotitable a business as blockade-running. The month, closing with to-day, shows a terrible hecatomb of victims ottered up to the demon of civil war. The record of our los.«es, in the war for the Union, during the “merry month of May,” exhibits an appalling bill of mortality, vicing almost, in point of destructiveness, with the sanguinary camjiaign of Napoleon, ending with lilo.scovv, and exceeding, by far, the carnage and misery con¬ sequent upon the struggle of the Allied Powers against the great Corsi¬ can, which culminated at Waterloo. Its ghastly'roll of slaughter is a mortion of the field, the 2d, 5th, and Jth, on the right of out main lines, were not idle. They had the advantage, however, of fight- 176 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [June, 1864, ing behind plight works, and having the enemy the attacking party, who, late at night, were driven back, with a loss of ii,0t)0 killed and wounded; our casualties, in tliese assaults of the enemy, would number bOO. Beau¬ regard and Johnston commanded the rebels. Operuiious in General But¬ ler's Department. In the morning, a heavy fire was ojiened on the right center of our line, but was silenced in two hours, with a loss of only about thirty men on our side, nearly all of them wounded. At night, the enemy attacked again, at the same point, it being the best for their pur¬ pose, and the firing continued some time, with slight loss. 2d.—Continuation ot General Grant's advance. Light skirmishes in vari- OKis parts of our long line, which now spread over 8 miles. 'J'he enemy were vigilant in intercejiting our corps, while massing in new position, for to-morrow’s general engagement. The 5th and bth suffered much loss by this interference; (juu men would not cover the mishaps ; how¬ ever, our artillery made them jmy equally severe for their temerity. Preparations were made to cross the Chickahominy. Movements in Gen¬ eral Butler's Department. The artillery firing was reopened, to-day, on our right, and, a partial charge being made on our skirmish line, a num¬ ber of our men were captured. Along the whole front, also, there was an attack, and our picket line was temporarily forced back. The fight¬ ing was quite brisk on both sides. The rebels were here repulsed, with severe loss. This engagement was the principal event of the week. Movements in General Sherman's Department. General jMcPherson holds Balias, Georgia. No general engagement took place since the 2Sth of May, when the rebels sustained such a signal defeat. The enemy liarass our rear and jiickct lines unceasinglJ^ (ienerals iSchofield and Hooker pushed on tow ard IMarieita, Ga., encountering skirmishing parties, which caused great annoyance ; at the same time, (ienerals htoneman and Gar¬ rard’s cavalry occupy Altoona Pass. This is a movement of .su)>erior im¬ portance. In their jirogress they sustained some loss from the activity of the enemy, who hung upon their skirts, day and night, incessantly. The Union army are now .safely out of a treacherous and densely-wooded country, and occupy a position where its General can .successfully close, to .some extent, all apjiroaches from the rebels in his rear. To-day com¬ pletes the second annivei'sary of General Robert E. Lee’s a)))>ointment as chief commander of the rebel armies at Richmond. The United btatos steamer Wamsutta, stationed at Georgetown, S. C., chased a side-wheel steamer until she ran ashore, which proved to be the Rose, of London, with an assorted cargo. After further effort to get the Rose afloat, she was destroyed. 3d.— Continuation of General Grant's advance—Fierce and ivasleful battle near Cold Harbor. The Union army, to-day, fought the last of the six very sanguinary and destructive battles since the 4th of May, the day the Rapidan was crossed. Our armv, jiosted at Cold Harbor, Virginia, made strenuous efforts to reach aiut cross the Chickahominy ; but the enemy were posted in an almost impregnable position, to prevent our designs. The most stubborn determination was evinced by our troojis to dislodge them, and a large amount of fighting was done in positions where the breastworks of the enemy and our own were only 50 yards ajiart. There was a great loss of life to acquire jietty advantages, soon again to be' relinquished. At nightfall. General IMeade, C^ommander-in- chief, seeing that we could not take the rebel position, gave up the at¬ tempt, but did not surrender an inch of ground. The brunt of battle was felt by Wright’s 6th Corps, Hancock’s 2il, and'W. F. Smith’s 18th, all on the left; the 5th, 9th, and 10th Corps suffered but little. Our loss was computed at 6,000. The enemy did not suffer so much, owing to their unexposed position. The number of prisoners taken by them exceeded our captures. They were led by Breckinridge, Beauregard, Ewell, A. P. Jane, 1864, HISTORY OF THE WAR. 177

Hill, nnd Buckner; we, however, captured a large numoer of prisoners iron) eae!) of these coniniands. 5th.—-Oj^erations in fVestern Virginia. Battle at Mt. Crawford, near Pied¬ mont, I a., betwee)! General Hunter atid the Confederate Genei'al W. E. Jones, whiedi resulted in a success to our arms. Jones was killed, and the town of Stiinnton captui ed ; we took 1,300 pi-isoners, 3 ))ieces of artil- lei-y, with 3,(mk) staixls .small arms. The enemy wei-e scattered toward Waynesboro and Charlottesville. Hunter effected a junction \\ith Crook and Averijl. -I'liis was General Hunter’s first engagement since his ar¬ rival in We.stern Virginia, to supersede the luckles.s Sigel. 6th.—General A. J. t^mith, of Red River celebrity, met Marmaduke near Columbia, Arkansas, with two regiments, and drove them back. Our forces advanced to the enemy’s .second position, and a brisk artil¬ lery duel was kept up, until, under heavy file, our men ceased using their guns, and dashed into the enemy’s lines and drove him back. Loss, about 125 on each side. Geneial IMower was cons))icuous, as usual, in the assault. Marmaduke being driven off, our forces onco more had control of the Mississippi River. l-Jeents connected with Gen¬ eral Grant's cam]iaign. On Satui'day, the 4th, our troops were occu¬ pied in building intrenchments, on a large scale ; the enemy was found, jUso, to Ije .strengthening his position. Late at night, he made a de¬ termined assault on the 2d, sth, and 18th Corps, and, being at such close quartei's, his loss wa.s very heavy; 1,0(IO men would .scarcely cover his damage. He was badly repulsed. On Sunday, digging was prosecuted with unu.-^ual vigor, liy both armies, within easy musket- shot of each other. At night, Beauregard attacked part of the 2d Corps, favored by a dense fog. He ap}>roaehed our works with the utmost silence. In an houi’s fight, of gieat slaughter, he was driven back, losing .several hundied, while our loss was very small. Mon¬ day, the tith, w'as memorable for a night assault, on the part of the rebels, but with a like success to Sumlay’s. 7th.—tieneial Sherman reached and occupied Ackworth, Georgia, on yesterday'. 'I'o-day he mai-ched to a position near Lost Mountain, w hich IS i>ut a few miles fi-orn Atlanta, where the enemy are strongly intrenched. He experienceii considerable ojiposition before reaching this point, but, finally, drove the enemv before him. 8th.—Abiaham Lincoln, of Illinois, and Andrew Johnson, Governor of Tennes.see, nominated for President and Vice-President, by the Balti¬ more Convention—Ex-Governor Dennison, of Ohio, ju’esiding. Tho nomination was almost unanimous—all the State delegations, except IMis- souri, Ix'ing in favor of Lincoln and John.son, on the first ballot. Move¬ ments under General Butler, at Bermuda Hundred. A demonstration wius planned and cairied out against Petersburg, by Genei’al Gillmore, ac¬ companied l>y Genenil Kautz’s cavalry and .some of General Hinks’ colored troops, the whole numbering about 5,000 men. Kautz gained the first line of defen.ses, and actually reached the streets of Petersburg, but had to fall back, not being supported by the infantry, under Gill- more, as was arranged. In a few days after these occurrences, Geneial Gillmore made a request to be relieved from his position under General Butler. yth.— Rebel invasion of Kentuckg. General John jMorgan, with 2,000 cavalry, entered Kentucky, by Pound Gap, on the 28th May, and imme- diatt'ly made himself master of Paris, Williamsburg, Mt. Sterling, George¬ town, and other places of less note, gathering up horses, money, pro¬ visions, and forage. He was intercepted by some Union troops, who failed to make any impression. This notable guerrilla cajitured and burned a train of c*ars, on the Louisville and Frankfort Railroad, to-day, but, strange to say, did not rob the passengers. 12 178 HISTORY OF THE AVAR. [June, 1864,

loth—The rebel General Wheeler appeared at Calhoun, Georgia, and tore up the railroad between Chattanooga and General Sherman’a army; he blew up a train with a torpedo, destroying some c.ar.s, though injuring few of the troops who were m it. Frankfort, the capital of Kentucky, was visited by John Morgan, and the garrison was demanded to surren¬ der. This demand was refused, of course, and some tiring took place. Then the siege was raised. Governor Bramlette was in the city at the time. There has been much loss by plundering, and much destruction of material, and the rebel raids still continue at Newcastle, Princeton, etc. A few days since, a battle took jilace, near Guntown, Mississi))jn. Our force w.as 3,000 cavalry and 5,000 infantry, with 18 pieces of artillery, under General Sturgis. With an equal force, Forrest, Roddy, and Lee suddenly attacked and thoroughly defeated our men, capturing nearly or quite all the artillery and ammunition, and the entire wagon train. Our loss in men was reported at more than

North Carolina, returned to Knoxville, Tennessee, on the 8th of July, having skirmished frequently during the month’s trip, and having de¬ stroyed much rebel property. lath.—Abandonment of the deeign to take Richmond from the north side—• Commencement of operations on the new lines. On the evening of the 12th, Sunday, (ieneral Grant, having determined to abandon the old and well- fqiight fields of the Cliickahominy, and seek a new base of operations, fifty miles distant, on the south side of the James, commencecf to move Ins army. Mucdicare had to be taken in extricating his troops from their intrenehments, situated, as they were, under the rebel guns at Cold Harbor. This was, however, achieved in such a noiseless manner, that the ever-vigilant foe was not, for some time, aware of the departure of the bulk of the army. The bridges used in the crossing of the Chick- ahominy were Long Bridge and Jones Bridge. The column which crossed the former, on Monday, the 13th, had a brisk skirmish ne.ar White-oak Bridge, where we lost about 200 men, but drove the enemy back. We lost the skirmish line at Cold Harbor by being cut otf, as might be ex|)ected; these, and some few stragglers, would foot up 450 men, the tohd loss sushvined during this brilliant and rapid movement. The James was crossed between Kort Powhatan and Windmill Point; partly by pontoons 2,000 feet long. The entire army was safely across by the 15th. The cavalry made a reconnoissance toward Malvern Hill, north of the James, and found the enemy jiosted in strong force, where he expected General Grant to make a demonstration. An important and nearly successful as.sault was made, on the 15th, by W. F. Smith’s 18th Corps and Hiiiks’ negro division, in all, 18,000 men, on the strong positions of Petersburg, from tiie north-east, at about the same points attempted by Gillrnore, on the 8th. Smith’s corps was the first to reach Petersburg, in the advance from the Cliickahominy; he made an impetuous charge, and drove Wuse’s brigade from their works, captured Hi guns, a battle- flag. and an entire Virginia regiment; and, had the 2d Corps, or .some other fresh troops, come up in time, the second line might have been taken, and the city of Petersburg would be in our gr.asp. Our loss in this sortie was about 500. Birney, of the 2d Corjis, held the rebel earth¬ works through the night. Kautz's ami Spears’ brigades of cavalry en¬ deavored to take the works on the extreme right, near the Norfolk'Rail- road, but they were found to be too strong. General Sherman's operations in Georgia. A large portion of the Army of the Cutnberland arrived within a short distance of Kena.saw Mountain, near JMarietta, Georgia, where Johnston had fortified contiguous to the works at Lost Mountain, six miles distant. General Hooker, after a .severe fight, obtained possession of Pine Mountain. It was here that the rebel General Leonidas Polk was killed. Polk was formerly an Episcopal Bishop. lytli.—Commencement of operations against Petersburg by General Grant— Lee reinforced by Beauregard. No time was lost, after the bulk of the army crossed the James, before hostile demonstrations were commenced against Petersburg, which, until within a lew days, was known to be weakly garrisoned. The attacking columns were composed of Han¬ cock’s 2d Corps, who led the .assault at six o’clock. This corps sus¬ tained the most loss. The Dth Corps, (Burnside’s,) who had made forced marches from Charles Court-house, to be in time, held the left, while the 18th Corps, under W. F. Smith, was on the right, but did not take much part in the combat. After three hours’ destructive fighting, dur¬ ing which some good positions were wrested from the enemy, he opened h^vily on the 2d and 9th, when the assault was suspended until morn¬ ing. Potter’s division of the 9th lost heavily jin his gallant charge- pi^ bably 500 ; the 2d Corps about 400. Three hundred skirmishers of the 2d Corps were taken prisoners. Our total losses were about 2,000; the enemy’s was less, owing to the advantageous position he occupied. ISO HISTORY OF THE WAR. [June, 1864,

Lieutenant-General Grant, appreciating the tremendous labors of the troops, in front of Petersburg, fighting by day and intrenching by night, has ordered the distribution among them of a whisky ration. Lee was heavily reinforced to-day by Beauregard, who suddenly left his in- trenchrnents, near Bermuda Hundred. 17th.—ContinualioU of operations against Petersburg hij General Grant. A dashing and successful attack was made by Potter’s division, of Burn¬ side’s 9th Corj)S, at daylight, capturing and holding two of the enemy’s redoubts. We cajftured 9 guns and 400 ))ri.‘si- tion is one complete net-work of fortifications. The army advanced, surely and steadily, closing in on the enemy’s intrenchments, under a murderous fire. All day long, on the 18th, the incessant rattle of mus¬ ketry and the roar of artillery continued, with little intermission through June, 18<54. HISTORY OP THE WAR, 181 the night. Works were constructed immediately under the enemy’s sharp¬ shooters, but with great sacrifice of life. Our captured prisoners amount to several hundred. The rebel cavalry still attempt to disturb General Sherman’s movements, by raiding on his communications. Rebel Gen« eral Wharton, commanding a brigade of 2,500 men, to-day crossed the railroad between Kingston and Dalton, capturing and burning five freight trains, laden with supplies. Captain Glover, also, made a"raid on the 1‘ailroad, five miles from Resaca, and captured two freight trains with supplies. loth.—The Confederate cruiser Alabama, aWa* “290,” which has so long been the scourge of our commerce, was destroyed otf the port of Cherbourg, France, by the United States steamer Kear.'

force and four pieces of artillery, and, after a sharp figlit of half an hour, she surrendered. Our los.s was about forty men; twenty-three e.sca})ed. The steamer was blown up by her captors, after hastily re¬ moving her stores and arms, as a reinforcement of three gup-boats were observed bearing dovvn. .An engagement followed, during which our gun-boats ran by the battery, driving off the enemy, and recapturing one of the Queen City’s guns. Our gun-boats then returned to Duval’s Hlntf, and coetween Sheridan and St. Charles, and totally defeated him, capturing 2()0 prisoners, including 18 officers and several guns. Our loss was about 200, w hile*that of the enemy was twice as great. The design of the enemy is to cut Steele’s communications tty Itlockading "White River. Shelby had not yet returned to Clarendon, at latest ad¬ vices, and iMarmaduke, with 0,000 men, was 10 miles below Napoleon. "W'hile General Sheridan’s cavalry column was on its way from White House to rejoin the main army south of the James, he sustained a check similar to tliat met with a few days before, when on his Gordonsville raid, where he lost G(K) in killed, wounded, and jirisoners. As the column neared St. IMary’s Church, not far from Charles City Court-house, they found the enemy had again anticipated him. It was Wade Hampton’s forces, who still, as on the 21st, threw themselves with the avowed pur- po.se of annihilating him. The affair was very bloody—one of the brisk¬ est and severest cavalry battles of the campaign—and Sheridan’s rear guard was badly handled. lie succeeded, however, in beating the enemy otf, toward nightfall, after the loss of 4(K) men. He saved all his guns and wagon train, wliich was several miles in length. He marched a few miles further, and reached the cover of the gun-boats on the James River. 2oth.—Continuation of operations against Petersburg. Little has been effected worth notice since the 23d. Considerable cannonading was done on the 24th The enemy, flushed by his successes on the 23d, directed an assault against the position held by the 10th Corps, which ended in the capture of 200 prisoners, including 5 officers, our loss being small. On the 25th, the chief demonstration was against the 5th and 9th Corps, at night. A heavy artillery fire was opened, at the end of which, the enemy pushed a strong skirmish line up to our breastworks. They were repulsed, with much loss. The celebrateil mine under one of the strong earthworks of the enemv, at Petersburg, was commenced, with the utmost secresy, by Colonel lPlea.sants, of the 48th Pennsylvania Vol¬ unteers. It was started in the side of a ravine, and was pushed toward a formiilable fort of the enemy, situated about 2,000 yards from Peters¬ burg. The distance to te mined was about 500 teet. The mine w.af constructed in the u.sual method. First, the surface was carefully ineas- ured. The gallery was made in the usual shape, about four feet wide ai the bottom, sloping uf) to the top. It was about 4)4 feet high and 500 fee long. The ground rose toward the enemy’s fort, which caused the tun nel to be sloped upward as it i)rogres.‘

27th.—Continuation of operations againat Petersburg. The 26th was an unu.«iially quiet day, all along the line. On the 27th, our batteries fired into the l-’etersl:)urg bridge, at a distance of 2,000 yards. The 80-pounder Parrott sent its five-minute tne.ssengers into the city, with the usual reg¬ ularity ; the enemy retahateil with a fierce discharge Irom their heavy guns. Battle of Kenesaw Mountain, (icorgia, beticeen General Sherman's army and Johnston. An advance was ordered along the entire line, with the purpose of covering an attempt to force the rebels from their posi¬ tion on Kenesaw Mountain. The position to be attempted was one which offered but a desperate cliance of success. On the summit ot the rugged mountain peak, covered with a dense growth of underbush, the rebels had stationed a battery of twelve guns, from which they main¬ tained a withering cros.s-fire on our troops, engaged in forcing a passage up the steep sides of the mountain, and over the abattis and ritle-})its, behind which the enemy lay sheltered. The Union commander made two fierce assaults, in the hope of dislodging the enemy, but without success. General McPherson’s three corps, under Logan, Dodge, and Blair, as well as Palmer, Hooker, and Schofield’s columns, exhibited ex¬ traordinary valor and endurance; but the. rebel position vyas found unas¬ sailable, and, after fighting two hours, our troojis were withdrawn. Our loss was heavy in field officers; vre had about 2,500 men killed and wounded. Numbers of our men were injured by huge rocks hurled down upon them from a high cliff. No estimate can be made of the rebel loss. He kept clear, behind his breastworks, all through the as¬ sault. General Harker was killed. An armistice was agreed upon, on the 28th, for the pur})ose of burying the dead. 30th.—Continuation of operations before Petersburg. General Smith, with /he 18th Corps, made an attempt to carry one of the enemy’s earth¬ works, late at night. Owing to the incautious maneuver of a brigade jommander, who exposed the movement, it ended in a failure. It cost IS 150 men, in killed and wounded. The enemy lost, in Hagood’s diarge, over 3(X) men. The celebrated cavalry raiders, Wilson and vautz, met with severe reverses. These Generals left camp on the 21st, vith 7,000 cavalry and 10 guns, and, for the first few days, achieved really ji'illiant results. They destro5’ed 05 miles ot the Petersburg and Lynch- )urg Railroads, burning tanks and stations without number, and inflicted )ther important losses on the refiels. They penetrated as far as furkesvilie, on the 25th, when their further progress westward was stub- lornly disptited. The enemy were found in large force, with cavalry and nfirntry, well intrenched. A sluirp and destructive skirmish enstted, with onsiderable loss. Again, on the 20th and 27th, on their return to the Inion lines, they had to give and take battle almost every hour during he day and night, under the most harassing and disadvantageous cir- umstances. The main body, with difficulty, escaped total annihilation, •n the 28th, their situation became extremely critical. Being unable to epe with the rapidly-increasing force of volunteers and guerrillas fiock- ig under P^itzhugh Lee, IMahone, and P^innegan, who swarmed upon very road and waylaid every creek, the commanders of these now dis- rganized and worn-out troops determined to make the best of their ay to the Federal lines, each man as he could, until it became a dis- raceful stampede, a general helter-skelter race for camp, over ditch id fence, through swamp and wood, dodging into by-j)aths to escape le enemy, who hotly pursued and follow'ed’close up to our lines. Late 1 the 28th, the main part of Kautz’s force reached camp. Wh.at w.as ft of Wilson’s force did not arrive until two days after. Wilson saved mself by making a wide circuit to avoid the enemy. The whole force \s in a p'itiatile condition, both men and horses jaded and worn, after eir severe fighting and the relentless harassing of the enemy—their •parel and accouterments gone, their horses hardly able to walk. July, 1864.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 185

They lost the entire wagon and ambulance train, all their gung (sixteen in niunher), and many horses. In men, our total loss was about 1,200. \V hen the news of this di.‘iaster reached General INIeade’s head-quarters, the (ith Corps and Sheridan’s cavalry were sent to Ream’s Station, to the aid of the stragglers, and to beat back the foe reported to be there, but tailed to find any of the enemy. If the first series of operations against the rel:)el capital, have proved abortive, it resulted only from Tiee’s gigantic efforts in dragging his last man into the Virginia breastworks. It was Grant’s first intention to fall upon the enemy, again and again, from the. Kapidan to the Chickahominy, till, at last, when weakened and distressed, he reached his capital, the city would prove an easy conquest for our legions, flu.shed and nuoyant with victory. The scheme failed, not from lack of incessant marches or of desperate battles, but simply from the numerical strength of the enemy, aided by impregnable jrosi- tions. He was driven back and b.ack, from Mine Run to Mechanicsville, but, when our forces surged u}) against his farthest intrenchrncnts, ho was strong enough still to dash us from them. Tlie worlc, has been gal¬ lantly done. The marching has been of remarkable celerity ; the fight¬ ing bloody, and .sometimes terrific; the changes, of position, to meet the exigencies of the moment, promptly conceived and executed. Five times, since the march from Culpejiper, the enemy has set himself, across our )>ath, and four times has been dislodged. Our forces occu¬ pied Marietta, Georgia, early this morning. The rebels having evacu¬ ated Kenesaw Mountain, during the night. General Sherman immedi¬ ately sent a force to harass their rear. Mr.Cha.se resigned his post as Secretary of the Treasury. The place was offered and accepted by Hon. William Pitt Fessenden, Senator from Maine, and Chairman of the Fi¬ nance Committee in the Senate. On the whole, while matters look mod¬ erately well before Richmond, and more encouragingly still before Atlanta, most of the recent operations, ap.art from the.se two main points, liave not lent much to the prowess of our arms. The defeat of Mor¬ gan, in Kentucky, and of ^larmaduke, in Arkansas, however, must bo put on the credit side. Affairs in Louisiana look less gloomy, under the direction of the new commandant. General Canby, than they did six weeks ago, under Banks. .Ilu.Y 1, 18(i4.— Operations before Petersburg. There was little done by the army before Petersburg until the very last day of the month. All the energies of the commanders culminated in the events of that day. There was, of course, the usual slight skirmishing ; captures, on a small scale, on both sides; cavalry charges on outposts; cavalry reconnois- sances, by day and night; shelling of positions, from land and water- batteries, involving much loss of life, but not of such magnitude as need Rjiecial mention in our record. During the first week of the month, large bodies of troops were dispatched to Maryland, to aid in driving out the raiders under Early. July l.st was a ouiet'daj'. A charge was made upon a strong earthwork, which General Ledlie had thrown up. The conflict was very sharp, but of short duration. The enemy was driven back, with considerable loss. The artillery firing on the 2d was a sharp two hours’ duel, in the afternoon, l>etween the batteries on Smith’s front and the enemy on the other side of the Appomattox. IMonday, the 4th of July, was celebrated by a .salvo of thirty-four double-shotted dis¬ charges from Smith’s batteries. Series of small expeditions to the islands around Charleston, South Carolina. On the night of the Ist of July, an ex¬ pedition, under Major-General Foster, secretly left Hilton Head and firo- ceeded toSeabrook’s Island, reaching there on the 2d. General Hatch crossed the cut to John’s Island, and traveled to a point south of Le- gareville, and there bivou.acked. There was some skirmishing, in which our loss, in killeil and wounded, was small. Another column, under Gen¬ eral Birney, moved up the North Edisto to White Point, his lauding 186 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [July, 1S64. being covered by the gun-boats. Next morning, after marching about five miles, he was fired on by a field battery, when he returned to Stonj lliver. Still another force crossed from Folly Island to James Island, and advanced toward a rebel battery. Here the enemy opened on them with canister from two brass pieces, and created some confusion. But the 55lh Massachusetts (colored) charged, rushing over the jiarajiet, and captured the two cannon, with the loss of forty men. These troops were subsequently withdrawn. On the 2d, a bold attempt was made to seize Fort Johnson, on James Island, by crossing Morns Island. A >iart of the 62d Pennsylvania landed, but the boats, with part of the 127th (Brooklyn) New York Regiment, grounded on the shoals. The advance gallantly dashed at an intrenched battery, and took it in a brilliant charge. Colonel Hoyt then pushed his men against Fort Johnson, but was received with a terrific fire by the light and heavy batteries on the line. Our men could do nothing against such odds, so they retreated to tho boats. The enemy, however, succeeded, by pushing out a force, in cut¬ ting off 5 officers and 132 men. The remainder of our force was with¬ drawn, the assault having failed. On the 4th and 5th, our gun-boats and monitors engaged Battery Pringle from the Stono River, and the shell¬ ing of Charleston has since been vigorous. General tiherman'a Georgian campaign. After the unsuccessful assault of the 27th June, General Schofield forced the enemy to evacuate Kenesaw Mountain. He did this by e.xecuting a flank movement. On the 1st July, our forces fol¬ lowed quickly in pursuit, and took a large number of prisoners, prob¬ ably 1,000. On the 3d, Joe Johnston commenced crossing the Chatta- lioochee, still faithful to his retreating instincts. He still professes do his government to adopt the policy of drawing the Union General from his base of supplies, and, consequently, reducing his chances for succor, should atiy be needed, while he promises to come down on the deluded Blierman m a ruthless manner, and annihilate him. 2d.—Great depredations were committed by the guerrillas. Three trains—some persons say six—were destroyed by them. On the 5th, the whole army of the “great Retreater,” Johnston, was across the river, and ensconced in a position of great natural strength, made still stronger by the engineers. His loss, in prisoners, is said to be two or three thousand men since he left Kenesaw Mountain. Etibrts are being made to raise the Monitor Keokuk, sunk off Morris Island, during Ad¬ miral Dupont’s attack on Charleston. On the 1st inst , a blockade-run¬ ner was set on fire and totally destroyed by a lioat exiiedition from the Hartford, off IMohile Bay. The boarding })arty was covered by several of our gun-boats, but the enemy’s force, which was lying withm a short distance, did not open fire until the blockade-runner .had been eom- ])letely burned out. The name of the vessel was not ascertained. Formidable invasion of Idarylainl htj the rebel General Jubal Early. Early, after deleating Hunter, at LynchVairg, on the 18th June, and being largely reinforced by Breckinridge and Rhodes, penetrated, unmolested, up the Bhenandoah Valley. Early had about 20,

With wildest terror. The road.s were filled with pedestrians, on their way to Baltimore, with droves of cattle, and wagons carrying such goods and valuables as the owners had dared to pick up. The terror of the fugitives wtis humiliating, and their stories of what they had .seen anrl heard extravagant. Tlie panic was universal, and the region, for miles, became de|)Oj>ulated. The enemy’s cavalry broke up into bodies for securing forage, horses, and all other ))lunder, and for levying contribu¬ tions on the j>eof)le. U. S. steamer Keystone ca})tured the British steamer Rouen. She was from Bermuda, bound for Wilmington, North Carolina, with a cargo of blankets, etc. Grierson’s cavalry has been skirmishing continually with Roddy’s cavalry, between La Grange and Corinth, JIississip}>i. There was a skirmish near Sansbury, and our picket line was driven in, but sub.«equently re-established, the enemy sutfering some loss. A large force captured the Federal stockade at Brownsboro, Alabama, with a )>art of its garrison of I'X) men. Our pickets were also driven in at Iluntsville, Alabama, a few miles distant. A lew guerrillas were operating about five miles south of Nashville, on the railroad. 3d.—General Oennis moved from Vicksburg to Jackson, IMississippi, with a force of 3,000 men. Ir^locum took charge of the expedition, at Champion Hills. Jackson was easily occupied on the 5th, the enemy being driven beyond it. On the evening of the Glh, the troops were withdrawn, when the enemy attacked our column in front, but without succe.ss. While returning, the next day, our rear was twice assailed, but the enemy was repulsed. Our loss, during the expedition, was some¬ thing over 150. The enemy’s loss was about 200; they also had C cap¬ tains killed. No private projK-rty was destroyed. The object of the expedition was to destroy tlie radway between Jackson and Canton; but, after all, it did not accon)plish much. Another force started from Ro(iney, Mis.sissippi, consisting of two negro regiments. This force was checked by a su]>crior body of rebel cavalry, aiid, after a hard fight, on the 6th, and the loss of about 150, returned, and abandoned the attempt. Several days after. General Slocum, reorganizing his command, again penetrated Mis.si.ssippi in greater force. The session of Congress clos¬ ing on the 4th of .July, an act was passed increasing the i)av of non¬ commissioned officers and privates aVxnit 25 per cent., making the pay of privates $16, instead of $13, as formerly. This to take effect from the 1st of May. 5th.—Progress of the overwhelming raid of Jtihnl Early into Maryland. The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, running along the Potomac from Alex¬ andria to Cumberland, was very seriou.^ly datnaged by the Confederates. They held the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad as far down as Sandy Hook, Maryland. They tore up a considerable jiortion of the line. President Lincoln made a call for 12,000 Pennsylvania militia, 12,(MK) from New York, and 6,(K)0 from Mass.achuseits. General Couch’s head-quarters were at Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, whither many of the Pennsyl¬ vania troops repaired, and General AVallace’s at Baltimore. Hunter’s forces were apj)roaching the .scene of action. The enemy were .scatter¬ ing in various directions, crossing the Potomac at several points, both below and above Harper’s Ferry. A portion of Early’s cavalry, under McCausland, accompanied by a battery, took pos.session of H.agerstown, on the 6th, and plundered the stores. They m.ade a demand on the peojiie for $20,000 and some outfits, all of which was quickly furnished. The marauders then withdrew. Our forces (few in number) had previ¬ ously retired, and had marched clear to Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, without once halting. Bands of the enemy occupie

Grit'rson, to engage Forrest. The enemy, under Generals Forrest, Lee, and Walker, was encountered at Pontotoc on the i;5th, badly whipped on that day and the two lollowing, and driven beyond Tupelo. General Sinitli says: “ Our loss is small, compared to that of the rebels. I bring back every thing in good order.” T his is really an important achieve¬ ment, as the rebels in that section of Northern Mississippi and South¬ western Tennessee were becoming very menacing. Imj)elled by their successes over the unfortunate Federal General ISturgis, a month ago, at Guntown, Mississippi, they had become a terror tliroughout that section of country. fith.—General Sherman's operations in Georgia. The 23d Corps (Scho¬ field’s) were safely across the Chattahooche. The Georgia militia, who defended the river, at fir.st sight of the Union army, ran away. We were then enabled to flank their really impregnable position. On the ‘Jth, General Newton returned from Kossville, after destroying three cotton and woolen mills ; some ToU factory girls, found at work on Confederate cloth¬ ing, were sent North. On the same day, Joe Johnston, having found, to his dismay, that Sherman had cro.ssed a large portion of his army, and WHS then on his flank, packed up his heavy guns and ordered one more retreat. 7th.—Operations before Petersburg. Little of importance transpired until the last day of the month. To-day a battery of heavy guns, in front of the 5th Corps, opened upon a working party of the enemy, who were discovered to be throwing up a new woik. The result was a gen¬ eral cannonading at that point, the sharp-shooters following the lead. On the 8th, the enemy made a. sudden dash on our intrenchments in front of the 18th Corps, biit were driven back before reaching them. A spirited artillery fire was then commenced all along the line. Our men, being well protected, lost perhaps not more than a score or two in killed and wounded. The enemy’s loss, in their unsuccessful charge, was, of course, greater. On the 10th, thirteen railroad trains passed be¬ tween Petersburg and Weldon, North Carolina, laden with rebel stores. This shows that our work in cutting the communication, on the 2t!th and 30th June, goes for naught. On the 7th inst., the United States steamers Azalea and- Sweet-brier captured the rebel schooner Poca¬ hontas, while attempting to pass out of Charleston harbor, bound to Nassau. The Pocahontas had on board fifty-three bales of cotton and two hundred and twenty-nine boxes of tobacco. A summary of marine lo.sses for July shows the loss of thirty-three vessels, and the total value of the property destroyed, captured, and missing is $2,359,000. Of these vessels, nine were captured and burned by rebel privateers. Since January 1, the whole number of vessels lost is two hundred and fifty-eight, and the loss in property is fixed at $12,546,.350. April was the most di.sastrous month, the losses for that month being sixty-two ves¬ sels, valued at $2,100,560. 8th.—Continuation of the invasion of Maryland. General Lew. Wallace, who had taken command of the forces at Frederick, Maryland, a day or two since, deemed it prudent to withdraw' to a strong position at Mo- nocacy Junction. To-day, another party of the enemy, under Imboden, again entered Hagerstown, and plundered the citizens, exacting contri¬ butions. Several buildings w’ere burned. The United States steamer Sonoma, Lieutenant-Commander Mattliews, captured the small side- wheel steamer Ida, which vessel left Sapelo the night before, bound to Nassau. The Ida had on board, at the time of her capture, fifty-four bales of cotton, ten men, and a captain named Postell. 9th.—Battle at Monocacy. On the 9th July, at sunrise, the rebels en¬ tered Frederick, Maryland, General Lew'. Wallace having evacuated the place last night. The enemy, under Early, at once levied contributions on the authorities to the enormous amount of $200,000, which was /lUy, 1864.] HISTORY OF THE WAR, 189

immediately paid; he then moved out to give battle to Wallace at Mo- noeaoy, four mile? distant. At 9 o’clock the engagement commenced. Ricketts’ veteran division of the 6(h Cor|).s, who had just arrived from Petersburg, held the left of our line, where the brunt of battle was most severely felt. The enemy’s infantry forded the stream, which lay between us and his main forces, drove back Ricketts, and, by the aid of his heavy batteries, got in the rear of our right, where the hundred-days men were posted. He here captured 600 raw troops. Wallace, thus out¬ flanked, fell back rapidly toward Ellicott’s Mills, Early pursuing for sev¬ eral miles. We lust l,2els. A large force, under General McPlierson, wont in hot pursuit of the flying Jolinston, and was not long in taking possession of the Atlanta and Augusta Railroad, thereby cut¬ ting off his retreat to the last-named town. On the 18th, General Joseph E. Johnston was removed by General Hardee, and Lieutenant-General J. B. Hood appointed his successor. Johnston confesses to the loss of 15,000 men since the 1st of May. The actual strength of Hood’s army, at this time, was about 45,000. i T2th.—Snocesa/nl 7-aid of General Roufiseau. On the 10th, Rousseau left De- . catur, Alabama, with 2,700 cavalry. He crossed the Coosa River, on the 13th, and was immediately attacked by Cranton, with some Alabama ^ cavalry. He soon scattered this party of rebels, killing and capturing many. He then visited Talladega, Tylocouga, Loachapoka, and Opelika, ; destroying quantities of niter and commissary stores; also, large iron I works. He destroyed 30 miles of the. !\lontgomery and West Point Rail¬ road, burning all the bridges and culverts, with 13 depots, besides cap¬ turing a train, heavily laden with ju'ovisions and cotton. At all of the aforementioned towns, he met with spirited opposition from large bands of rebel.s, as also at the crossing of the Tallajioosa River. General Rous- i seal! returned to Marietta, Georgia, having t»een over a week out. He only lost some 50, killed and wounded. Nearly 1,000 of the enemy were i captured and jiaioled, and over 100 killed anrl wounded ; GOO horses and ] mules were among the spoils collected. He thus made a successful j* circuit of 250 miles, starting from Northern Alabama, ])enctrating two- thirds of the State, aiiproaching close to Montgomery, Alabama, and j (hence pursuing a north-easterly course some days, reached Marietta, ,j Georgia. This raid was altogether the most successful of the throe 1 great sorties, variously made by Generals Stoneman, IMcCook, Garrard, and Rousseau. 13th—ConthmatioTi of the rebel iymnsion of MoriiIa7id. At length, the spec- J tacle of so long a rai(i through so many miles of our lines, and to the very gates of Washington, while the Federal Generals had been claiming | to inclose the enemy, as by an anaconda coil—undertaken, too, by a f force whose size had never been thoroughly tested and found out^— ' aroused our men. That sharj) attack from Fort Stevens, by General Augur, was attempted, and at once ended the raid. This morning tliero was no enemy to be seen in the vicinity. The force of rebels near Bla- densburg moved off, carrying cattle and horses with them. IMany head [ of cattle were sent across the Potomac, at Poolesville, together with what large stores they collected during the week, of forage, grain, bacon, : hogs, groceries, medicines, clothing, arnl sup}>lios of many sorts. The ; body of the enemy’s troops moved in force toward Edwards’ Ferry. 'I’he force of the enemy" was compo.sed of 15,000 infantry, under Breckinridge j and Rhodes, and'5,(K)0 cavalry, under Ransom, McCausland, Imboden, i Jack.son. and Johnson, with three batteries of artillery. The whole nas under Major-General Jubal Early. Their entire loss in this in\asion was little less than 1,000 men. He collected vast quantities of stores, > and over 4,000 hor.ses. A large part of the Army of the Potomac moved 1 toward the borders of Virginia, to give pursuit to the rebels under Early, j on their retreat, after the invasion of Maryland. It was continued on the 14th and 15th, and up to the 20th. i 14th and 15th.—Operations before Petcrslmrg. The enemy’s firing on | our transports lying in the James River was continued, Iwo or three ] propellers being’.slightly damaged thereby. IGth.—A light battery opened from near Haxall’s Landing on the Men- dota. The gun-boat suffered a loss of eight killed, and was then with¬ drawn, after a brisk fight. On the 18th and 19th, there was heavy July, 1804.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 191

mortar firinrf, from new 13-inch mortars, together with steady artillery tiring in front of the .“itl), 9th, and T8th Corps. iSth.—I’nrsuit oj the raidere under General Early. Cenerals Wright, Ricketts, and Croolc, with Averill’s cavalry, commenced the pursuit (or, more properly speaking, the escorting) of the raiders crossing the Poto¬ mac, at Edwards’ Ferry, (hi the llth, they leisurely marched to Lees- l>i"g,^and the cavidry coining upon the rear of the enemy’s trains, on the 17th, at Snicker’s Gap, captured a small part of their jilunder, the reliels burning a portion, w hich they could not save. At this place, tliera was a sharji skirmish, which resnfteil in the enemy flying southward. On the 18th, they were found holding the Shenandoah River, with 2 guns. After our infantry had cros.*ed, at Island Ford, the rebel.s, under Rreck- inridge, cbargees as “the deplorable affair in whiidi Ramseur’s division was humiliated In the dust,” and “three Confederate brigades had to run away, without even a formation in line of battle.” Averill captured 4 guns, 500 muskets, and 230 prisoners. The rebels lost 300.; our loss, about 250. Here the Federal pursuit of the raiders stopped, reinforce¬ ments having returned to them from the main body. The Rev. Mr. Jaijues and Mr. J. R. Gilmore arrived in Richmond, on an unauthorized mission to Jeif. Havis. lyth.—The United States light-house tender Jfartha, hound from Pas.s- a-L’Outre to the Rigolets Light Station, near Lake I’onchartrain, with materials for repairs, wa« caiitured by a rebel launch, manned with 22 men, in Chandeleur Bound, wlio, after stripping her of her .sails, rigging, and all of her cargo, set tire to an

slight advantages in the early part of the day, but at night had to re¬ linquish them all. Late at night, he retired to his earth-works, after being sean0(tge’.s 10th Corps, felt the shock of his charges most severely. In the early part of the day, Hood gained some temporary successes, as on the 2()th. Ho took some works, which he was, at a later time, obliged to relinquish ; he was finally driven back, w ith heavy loss. The enemy made six furi¬ ous assaults on the 17th Corps. Luring the heat of battle, the rebel General Wheeler, with his raiders, attacked the rear of the 15th Cor)is, but only ca})tured 10 wagons. Their presence gave rise to the belief that Hood had outfianked the army ; this caused a serious panic in the 15th Corps, who were also attacked at the same time, in front, and driven from their main line of intrenchments to their second line, a distance of 5(»0 yards to the rear ; but they quickly reformed and took their old position. The gifted and valorous General James B. McPherson met his deatii early in the day. He was shot through the lungs. He rode out, by mis¬ take, upon some of the rebid skirmishers, who quickly disjiatched him. The battle of to-day was even more warmly contested, and was vasily more sanguinary, than that of tlio 20th. The rebels lost in men killeii 3,2l(J, and had nearly 9,000, if not positively more, wounded, besides 3,200 prisoners. They lost 25 stands of colors and 5,000 muskets. W'e were unfortunate enough, however, to lose 10 pieces of artillery. Our losses in this engagement will amount to 3,722, killed, wouniied, and pris¬ oners. 23d.—The second invasion of Maryland. A second invasion of Maryland W'as supposed to have commenced, which gave rise to the same scare and panic as in the early part of the month, with a repetition of the Mun¬ chausen stories that 50,000 rebels had crossed the Potomac, that Wash¬ ington was taken, and Philadelphia destroyed. In Maryland and Southern Pennsylvania, every thing that had legs betook to the roads northward ; a general exodus,*of the most disorderly and hasty character, set in, and continued for a week. It seemed as if “chaos had come again.” However, all the tremendous stories of a v.ast force, under Breckinridge, being about to meu.ace Pittsburg, Cincinnati, and Phila- July, 18G4.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 193

dolphin, and l>elng already in Maryland, were found to be fictitious. On the‘2.‘id, A voi'ill having boon joined by Crook, after the di.^taster of the 18th, followed bv ihe more fortunate ntbur on the 20th, was attacked by the enemy at Keinstown, near Winchester, and was driven back. On tha 24th, the rebels repealed their tactics, and jaessed our cavalry to the lear, in great cotifusion, <-apturing a number ol prisoners. It suljsequenlly became a di.sgr.aceiul rout, our troopers not stopping till they reached Hunker’s Hill and ftlartinshurg. General Crook liad e\'|'ected a stirring combat. He had 8,000 men under his command, but the desertion of the cavalry obliged him to retreat. The force ilispatched by Early was, undoubtedly, larger than ours. We lost about 1.300, in killed, wounded, and prisoners. The brave Colonel Jlnlligan, of Lexington (Mo.) celeb¬ rity, was killed. Some of the Union officers behaved in a very cowardly nianiier. General Hunter, a few days afterward, dismissed 13 for desert¬ ing their commands, and going to the rear with false reports .of our losses. 24th.—General Garrard, with 4,('00 cavalry, started, about the 21th, on an expedition against the .An.gu.sta Railroad. He succeeded in destroy¬ ing the railroad bridge. 3."*(t feet long, over Yellow River. Cotton facto¬ ries and Government buildings were al.so destroyed. The country was found full of refugees, fleeing tliey knew not whither. He had great diffi¬ culty, however, in regaining onr line.s from (k)vington, w here he burned 2,tXXi bales of cotton and large depots of stores. 2oth.—Continual ion of the second invasion of 3[nri/land. Tho enemy’s cavalry followed our retreating army up to Idartinsburg, where a brisk cannonading ensued, with some loss, ’i’he enemy soon occupied tho town. General Crook, w ho had succeeded, by this time, in getting mo.st of his .stores across the Potomac, fell back* to Hagerstow n, Maryland. We lost, in the actions of these iliree days, about 1,3(K) men. The enemy did not come off nuicti better. Our troops rallying again on the 28tli, at Maryland Hights, w here they had concentrated in tboir retreat, ventured down to Harper’s Ferry, and General Kelly reoccupied Martiiisburg the same daj’. A raid in Florida has been made Viy Ueneral Birney, with some success. Several bridges across the St. j'Mary's were destroyed, and the town of l^ablwin was occupied, the enemy* evacuating. Cap¬ tures of cars and other property were made. 26th.—A small expedition .set out from Brashear City, La., penetrating to Grand Lake and destroying a numl.)er of flat-boats and two .saw-mills. Operations l)e/ore Cettnshvrg. The 2d Corps, w ith Sheridan’s cavalry, were silently transferred to Gtmeral Foster’s position, at Deeji Bottom, on the north of the James, for the jiurpose of tnaking a feint, while a formidable assault was in preparation on the enemy’s works at Petersburg. Un the 27th, our troops advanced acro.ss Strawberry- Plains, and a fierce attac-k commenced on the relml position, held by Kershaw. 'I'his assault was chiefly conducted by Barlow s divisions of the 2d Coi {>s. The enemy W'as driven from his works, leaving, in his hurry, four 20-pounder Parrott guns, which liad been cajitured from GenerarBuller, at Drury’s Bluff. ur los.s was only 50 men. During the 2iSth and 29th, the feint of vast operations, in large numbers, continued to be made. General Sheridan’s cavalry force advanced; one division drove the rebels to the wood.s, capturing 2 battle-flags; 250 killed, w-ounded, and prisoners fell into our hands. Another column, under Gregg, less fortunate, lost as much as the other gained. To add to (he deception, some 20,000 men, together with 400 wagons and 20 guns, were paraded across the Potomac bridge, and marched in the direction of Malvern Hill. Lee, on seeing these alarming demonstrations, hurried out from Petersburg, with 10,000 men, to intercept this supposed descent on the approaches to Richmond. All this was as General Grant desired. Late on Friday, nearly all the troops 13 194 HISTORY OF THE "^TAR. [July, 18G4. were secretly mnrehed back again to Petersburg, to participate in the assault, niter the springing of tlie mine. ‘27th.—Lunje Federal- raidK in Geonjia. General Stoneman started out, witli 5,000 men, to cut tlie rebel commnnieatinn on the iMacon Itailrond. He .succeeded in burning a large number o)' cars and locomotive.s, and in tearing uj) some 18 miles of the track, causing only a temporary dam¬ age, however. Un lii.s return, he wa.s surrouniled and captured, with a portion of Ids commaml, 700 in number, by General Iverson, heading a force of 1,000 Conlederates. We lost 2 guns, and had to yiehl up HcKHI captured horses. Seeing the desperate state of atiairs, Stoneman })er- mitted two-thirds of his force to escape ba

posed its g.'xrrison. The explosion was like an earthquake. Instantly, a thundering cannonade brok(' out from a luindred guns, for the purpo.se of distracting the attention of tlie enemy front the storming party; but he vva.s quiidvly nrou.'^ed from the snddeji shock-, and, in spite of'all we could do with shcdls aiul mortars, he lo.st luit little time before tuniing his energies on the assaihuits. The Dth t.'orps were assigned the task o? storming through the g:i(>, or crater, made by the exjilosion. One of the brigades in this cot ps was seized with a bidief tiuU the enemy htid sprung a mine under onr jiosjtion. Soon a panic pervtided their ranks. Alter u few minutes, liowever, they rallied manfully, and, with a wihl Yell, uncier a murderous tire, sped across the deadly filain. IMany were killed, many fell into the horrible pit which the mine had nuuJe, and others were set to work to dig tip the guns and throw up hasty breast¬ works against the tempest of shot and shell leveled by the relentle.S3 enemy. iMiadi (U-ecions time was here lost, never to be regained. Hero commenced the latal error, wliich resulted in the day's disaster; instead of rushing impetuously upon tlie surjn-ised foe, the stoiming party were suffered to throw up intrencliments. 'fhe rebels, by thi.s time, fully re- covereil from their dismay, poured in a severe enfilading fire on the cap¬ tured ruins, where hundreds of their own and onr men were writhing in agony. The 'Jth Corps, after this latal pause, moved forward slowly, the terrific tire from Cemetery Hill j)lowiiig their battalions in ghastly ridges. 'J'he charge was checked ; our men came to a stand-still; it was more than human endurance coukl bear; they tottered, they reeled, and all fell back with a tumultuous rebound. The colored division—all that was now left intact of the Dth Corps—was dispatched, as a forlorn hope, to accomplish what tho 1st, 'id, and lid Divisions had broken down in. These gallant fellows. led by General Ferrero, dashed up the deadly hill, where, frowning high above, stood, bri.-fling with eannon, the very key to the enemy’s position. It was gallantly done, but with no better fortune than the preceding assaults. They were hurled with even greater violence down the ravine, and the concentrated fire, reaching with fearful accuracy, made this spot seem a very hell. The 5th and 18th Corps were under heavy fire, and suffered severely; their intrench- monts were within 2W) yards of the mined fort, where lay between 4,000 and 5,000 of their comrades, w hom they were powerless* to assist. To¬ ward noon, a general retreat was ordered. General Bartlett endeavored to hold the crater, where stoorl a defiant fort some hours before, now little else flian a vast siaiighter-pen. He failed ; the exuKnnt enemy surrounded him about 2 o’clock, and took him prisoner. 'I’his General had with him a number of men who preferred a heroic end to tho chances of a donl>tfnl retreat across the neutral ground, over wliieli, it may lie .said, shot and shell fairly rained. Our los.s will number about 5,()

HlaryJand." Heheh destroy vearh/five million* of dollars worth of property, A paity of rebol cavalry, muier McCaiislaiid, nuniberin" about 2S0, crossed the Potomac, at Williamsport, and, haying driven olf some Union troops, visited Cliambeisburg, Pennsylvania. The bold maraud¬ ers demanded $500,000, v\ith the alleinative of burning the town, 'llieir demands not Inung <'omplied with, they quickly reduced three-fourths of the ( lace to .ashes. IS’eai h' 300 houses lell art in this “second invasion of Maiyland ” whatever, and only about 2.000 cavalry were known to be detailed for the expedition; out of this number, three-rourths did not cross the Potomac. The frenzy of excitement at Pittsburg, Ilarri.'-burg, Waslungton, and Baltimore, may be said to have known no bounds. The 0th anil 19th Corjis, anii Crook’s command, were making forced marches to reach the scene of action, but only arriveil in time to find that this small force of maraud¬ ers had quietly retired, and were then far off' in the bhenandoah Valley, quietly taking an inventory of their }ilunder. The following is an esti¬ mate of the damage indicted by the great raid, led by Breckinridge and Early, commencing on tlie 2d of July; also, by McCausland, with hi.s few troopers, on the 28th and 3()th : Pbiladeljihia, Wilmington, and Balti¬ more Railroad, $107,000; JS’orthern Central Railroad, $100,000; Baltimore and Ohio Railro.ad (this road being longest occupied), say, $100,000 ; tel¬ egraph lines, $1,000; Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, $150,000; Hartford County, $1.5,000 ; Baltimore County, $12,000 ; Carroll County, $10,000 ; Fred¬ erick County, $372,000 ; Washington County, $8.5,000 ; estimated value of supplies consumed and wasted, $100,000; food for liorses, $25,000; dam¬ age to fences and farms (sinain, $2,'0,000 ; four thousand cattle, at $30 each, $120,000; d've thousand h.crses and mules, $000,000; sheep and hogs, $50,000; cash contributions levied, $230,000; burning ofChambers- burg, Pennsylvania, $2,000,000; miscellaneous })!under from stores, $300,000. Total, $1,900,000. (ieneral t'ully and his forces, near Little Missouri River, gained advantages over 2,000 lodges of Sioux Indians. He was matching to Fort Rice. The London Judex, the rebel organ in England, gives a list of 133 vessels engaged in running the blockade, from whicli it appears that 11 are now running, 0 are in England, 9 are in Nassau and Bermuda, 9 are “not in yet,’’ 1 is in the C. B. A. service, 1 is worn out, 1 is in Charleston and can’t get out, all the others having the words “captured,” “burned,” or “lost” after their names. Rear- Admiral S. P. Lee, of the North Atlantic Ivlockading Squadron, writes as lollow’s: “ Since July 24, 1803, forty-two steamers have been captured or destroyed by the block.aders of this squadron. Taking the average tun- nage of these vessels at three hundred tuns, and assuming the cap.acity of an army wagon at one tun, there has been a loss inflicted on the rebel supply system equivalent to the cajiture or destruction of a train of twelve thousand .six hundred wagons.” It has been mentioned, in some of the foreign papers, that the Yeddo was the vessel designed for the second Alabama; but a dispatch from Captain Winslow, dated July 5, to the Secretary of the Navy, says; “The Yeddo, which sailed from Bor¬ deaux, is reported to have passed into Prussian hands, and has eirtered August, 1864.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 197

the Weser.” Guerrillas in Missouri have become exceedingly trouble¬ some. Thornton’s men, 160 strong, captured Platte City, garrisoned by 70 “ Pawpaw" militia, who surrendered without resi.stance, and some of whom joined the enemy. Parkesville and Huntsville were also cap¬ tured, and these and several other towns rotibed. The Jlissouri River has been blockaded above Jefferson and below Kansas City. Colonel Ford ha? been pursuing the guerrillas in every direction, but they are still strong. A writer in the Toronto Leader describes a month’s sojourn at Nassau, with the following allu.sion to the blockade runners : “ Every man who has goods to sell is driving a brisk business. All tho officers and men on board the steamers that run tho bloidiade are paid very high wages, and they invariably invest large sums, every trij) they make, in the purchase of dry goods and trinkets, as juesents to their wives, sisters, and sweethearts." August 1, 1804.—Under a flag of truce, the soldiers wlio fell in the as¬ sault on Petersburg were buried, and tho wounded brought into our line.s; very few of the latter were found. Among the dead were 180 colored soldiers, lielonging to the 9th Corps. 2d.—General Kelly was attacked, at Cumberland, by the rebel raiders, under Bradley Johnson and McCausland. The enemy were routed, after a severe fight, losing cai.s.sons, wagons, and a large quantity of their plun¬ der. General Kelly pursued them toward Old Town. Guerrilla band? are rendezvousing at Henderson, Kentucky, to form one command, un¬ der the rebel General Woodvvanl. 3d.—Information is received that General Stoneman has cut the ISIacon Railroad and defeated Wheeler, with a loss of 500 to 1,900 men, all falling into our hands. A court of inquiry is ordered to inve.'^tigate the cause of failure before Petersburg, on the 30th. Excitement in the Cumber¬ land Valiev still prevails, under fear of an extension of the rebel raid. The rebel tlarly is in the Shenandoah Valley, with an estimated force of 30,000 men. Admiral Farragut aj>pears off Mobile Bay, with his fleet. The monitor Winnebago salutes, with a few shells. Forts Morgan and Gaines. General Ha.scall’s division, 23d Army Corps, in a dashing charge, effected a lodgment on the south bank of Utoy Creek, four miles south of Atlanta—an important step to the ultimate possession of the Macou Railroad. The rebel forces under Platly occupy Hagerstown, Maryland. Governor Curtis calls for 30,(KH) militia. In a cav.alry fight on the Jeru¬ salem ro.ad, the rebels were defeated ; our los.s 75. 4th.—The five Generals and thirty-eight field-officers who were placed under fire, at Charleston, are released. Colonel McCook re.aches Nash¬ ville with 1,200 of his commatid, from the great raid, under General Stoneman, having destroyed 18 miles of railroad, captured a train of 500 wagons, with 500 men and 127 officers. Colonel JIcCook was afterward surrounded. He burned the train and cut his way out, losing many of his men. The enemy, in front of Petersburg, blew up a mine opposite the 5th Corps, but no damage was done, having laded to reach with their mine our works. General Ames was slightly wounded by the explosion. An artillery duel took place m front of the 18th Corjis. 5th.—At sunrise, Admiral P'arragut moved up Mobile Ray, with his fleet, his vessels lashed two abreast, each acting consort of the other. The enemy soon opened fire. The monitor Tecum.seh struck a tor¬ pedo and sunk, carrying down all but ten of her crew, including her gallant commander. Craven. The rebel gun-boat Selma struck her colors to the Metacomet. The ram Tennessee was disabled and cap¬ tured. Admiral Farragut, during the action, was lashed to the maintop, and gave his orders through a speaking-tube. In the meantime,the land forces, under General Granger, invested Fort Gaines in the rear, taking the water batteries. Our loss, in army and navy, w'as 60 killed, 100 wounded, and about 100 went down with the Tecumseh. 1C8 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [August, 18G4.

6th.—The enemy evacuate Hagerstown, and retreat toward Sheppards- town, along the Potomac River. The 2c!d Corps and part of the IHh Corps as.saiilted the enemy’s works, near Atlanta, and carried the outer line. Failing to dislodge the enemy, they fell back. 'Zth.—A siiarj) skirmish and artdlery duel took jilace, in the evening, in front of the yih Corps, before Petersburg. General Averill ovoilook the rebel raiders at Ihooretield, Marj land, routed them, captured their artdlery, many of their wagons, and 600 jirisoners. The rear-guard of Early’s army recro.s.sed the Potomac to-day, from the Maryland side. Fort Powell, otf Mobile, surrendered to the army and navy. General Sheridan assumed command of the armies in West Virginia. 8th.— Fort (jaines, otf Mobile, surrendereher- iiian skirmished with the enemy, 10 miles from Winchester. General iSherman advanced his lines three miles north-east of Atlanta. The 14th Corps, under General Johnson, assaulted the enemy’s works, and, after a brief contest, carried them, capturing 175 jirisoners. Our loss was 25 killed, 275 wounded. General Sherman’s line extends 14 miles. tith.—A terrific, explosion occurred at City Point, Virginia, of ordnance stores ; 70 killed and 130 wouncled. I’nion prisoners arrive from Charles¬ ton. General Birney h.ad made a raid in Florida, destroying bridges and a train of cars, with locomotive. I’risoners of war are being sent to Charleston. General Torbert took command of all the cavalry in Gen¬ eral Sheridan’s army. 10th.—The forces under General Marmaduke appear at Gaines’ Land¬ ing, on the Arkansas .^hore. A rebel battery tired on the steamboat Em- jiress; 60 shots struck her. Her ujijier works were riddled vxith shot and shell ; 6 persons were killed and 11 w^ounded. A gun-boat rescued them. A sharp skirmish occurred at Abbeyville, Mi'ssissijipi, between General Hatch and the enemy, umier Chalmers, in which a few prisoners and caissons were caj)tured by the latter. The rebels attacked our forces at Gainesville, Florida, and captured 150 ju-isoners and 100 negroes. Our troojxs were driven 14 miles. A Itand of guerrillas attacked Branden- btirg, Kentucky, timl were rejnilsed by five home guards. The expeili- tioii under General Sully was to leave to-day for the lodges ol the Sioux Indians. lull.—A heavy shelling of Afl.anta continued through last night. A body of retiels were met, near JMartinsViurg, by one of General Sheridan’s- columns, and, after a short engagement, jitit to rout. 12th.—General Sheridan’s advance eame ujion Early’s army, at Cedar Creek. Early eontiimes his retreat toward Strasburg. IJtb.—The pirate Ttdlahassee is seen oil IS'ew York harbor. Colonel TIoseby, with his band, cajitured and destroyed, at Berryville, Virginia, 75 wagons, and .secured 150 jirisoners, 500 li'orses, and 200 cattle. Col¬ onel Johnson, commanding guerrillas, crossed the Ohio River, at Slnuv- nectown, cajitured four steamers and destroyed their cargoes. General Btirnside was relieved of his command of the 9th Corps. The 2d CorpH routed a large rebel force, near iffitch Gtij), and captured 600 jirisoners and 7 jiieces of artillery. Pith.—The rebel General Wheeler, commanding about 5,000 cavalry and artillery, started on a raid, and tore tip jiart of the railroad near Re- saca. General Birney, commanding Itith Corps, advanced Foster’s division upon the enemy, at Deep Bottom, broke their line by a charge, cajduring 70 prisoners and 4 guns. The 2d Corjis attemjked to carry a line of works, but a swamp compelled them to witluiraw, after a loss of at least 550 men. 15th.—General Butler’s canal, at Dutch Gap, cuts off six miles of the J«mes River, which is filled with torjxedoes and obstructions. By its completion, we flank the enemy’s po.sition, which brings us nearer Fori August, 1864.] HISTORY OF THE W'AR. m

I)arling. The 2(1 Corps moved up James River, within 12 mile.s of Rich¬ mond, to destroy pontoon bridges above Fort Darling, thus cutting ofT access with General Lee, without a long march via Manchester. 'I'he pirate Tallahassee continues her piracy oft' the coasts of Maine and Nov.a Scotia. General Sheridati pushes his advance to Strasburg, compelling Early to retreat luither westward, 'i'he rebel Wheek-r cuts the railroad at Calhoun, and then dentands the surrender of Dalton, which was re- lused. Reinforcements arrive, and Wlieeler is driven out by coloreti soldiers, at the })oint of the bayonet. H)th.—The rebel battery at Gaine.s’ Landing occasionally becomes troulJesoine. Marinaduke lias fallen back. The land forces, under Genend Granger, oft' Jlobile, are within 300 3-ards of Fort Morgan. The ram 'rennessee is repaired, and opened fire on the fort. Battle of Crooked Run, between Sheridan and Earlv, in which the enemy suf¬ fered a loss of 300 prisoners, leaving his dead on the field. General Custar, commanding a cavalry detachment in General Sheridan’s army, made gallant charges on the enemy, near Front Royal. The rebels are mining along our works in front of Petersburg. General Grant holds his lines within seven miles of Richmond. 17th.—General Ledlie, whose division led the assault on Petersburg, is reported to have suddenlv di.-^appeared from hi.s command. (Citizens of \V inchester, 'Virginia, fired upon General Wilson and our troo)>s as they left the place. General Sheiidan falls back to Winchester, and fortifies. Earlv receives reinforcements. 18th.—Rebels attacked the 181h Corps, under General Birney, at night, and were re|Hil.sed Iw colored troops. Our loss lieavv. 19th.—'I'he 5th Corps, Army of the Potomac, made a de.scent on the 'U’eldon Railroad, and de.''troyed about one mile of the track, when they were met liy A. P. Hill's corps, and, after two hours’ heavv fighting, were compelled to fall back, losing near 4,(100 men, mostly pris()ners. This reverse was caused by not filling a dangerous gap on the right of the 5th Corps and the old intrenchments, near the Jerusalem road. 'I'he 9th Corps, late in the day, reinforced the 5th. 20th.—General A. P. Ilovey seized, at Indianapolis, 400 navy revolvers and 135,000 rounds of fixed ammunition, .secreted by the conspirators of the Sons of Liberty, a secret Democratic order. President IJncoln aj'proves the sentence of court-martial dismissing Surgeon-General Hammond from the service. 'I'he rebel Wheeler attacked and murdered the colored garrison, at Stewart’s Landing, Tennessee, and 250 white laborers, de¬ stroying wagons and stores, 'fhe enemy made another eftbrt to dislodge the 5th and 9th Corps from the Weldon' Railroad, but failed, with heavy loss. A part of the 14th Corps, under Sherman, made a raid on the Montgomery road, at Rough and Ready. 21st.—General Kilpatrick made a raid on the Macon Railroad, and around Atlanta, destroying three miles of railroad, at Jonesboro, with two trains and locomotives. He took a battery and a number of jiris- oners. A portion of General Forrest’s raiders entered Memphis, on a dash, robbed a few stores, took a few prisoners, and as hastily fled, meeting resistance from the garrison. Our total loss, 134. J''orrest did nor enter the city. 22d.—At Koge'rsville, Tennessee, the 13th Tennessee Cavalry met a band of guerrillas, and killed 23 and wounded 35. 'I'hirty-two ca.ses of revolvers were .seized in New York, intended for the Boris of Liberty in Indiana. A detachment of the 5th Mas.sachusett.s Cavalry and 3d Rhode Island Battery made a raid from Magnolia, Florida, and captured a train of cars and supplies. 23d.—Moseby demanded the surrender of Annandale, Virginia, and afterward ojiened fire for an hour, when he withdrew. Fifty keg.s of powder seized iu Terre Haute, belonging to tho Sous of Liberty. Tha 200 HISTORY OF THE -WAR. [August, 1864. enemy disappeared from the front of the 5th and 9th Corps, on the Wei- don Kailroad. Rebel Generals Heath and Fitzliiigh Lee said to he killed. Fort Morgan, commanded by General I’aige, surrendered totlie army and navy; prisoners cat)tHied, 581, who were sent to iS'ew Orleans. The 2d Corps'was engaged all day in destroying the Weldon Railroad, as far as Kiaims’ fetation. The destruction of the Weldon Railroad was made complete within four miles of Petersburg, and two miles below Reams’ Station. 2oth.—.Vnother attempt was made by the enemy to dislodge Hancock’s corps, while destroying the Weldon Railroad, below Reams’ fetation. The enemy was three times rejiulsed, with heavy loss, but eventnally captured 2,(iU0 prisoners, 9 guns, and recovered 8 miles of tlie roail. The rebel losses, in the last two weeks, reach lO.OUh, Our possession of this road cuts off sup|ilies frotri IVorth Carolina. The pirate d'aHa- hassee run into Wilmington. The gun-boat IMonticello was within 6U0 yards of her at one time. Nine guerrillas and sjiies were shot, at Padu¬ cah, yesterday and to-day. General Hovey assumed command of the Histricl of Indiana. Our cavalry, under General Torbert, made a brill¬ iant charge on Early’s skirmish line, near Kearneysville, and captured a number of jirisoners. 2Gth.—The rebels attempted to cro«s into Maryland, at Williamsport, but were re|>ulsed by (-ieneral Avenll, who took 80 pri.soners. General fcheridan deteats the enemy, taking lui iirisoner.s, and killing and wounding 150. 27th.—.\ band of guerrillas dashed into Owensboro, Kentucky, killed some negro soldier.s, and burned a w harf-boat containing Government stores, valued at fe;-i0,ooo. The rebel General Wheeler has made an ex¬ tensive raid, capturing 18 soldiers at Mary.sville, Tennessee, and killing some deserters at Athens. Knoxville was threatened. The enemy, in his attempt to dislodge Warren’s corps, on the Weldon Railroad, suriered heavy loss. General feaunders was killed,and Lamar mortally wounded ; Barton, Finnegan, and Anderson wounded. A force of rebels, number¬ ing over l,0Ud, surpiised an expedition under Colonel Harris, 75th Ohio, at (jainesville, Florida, some few days ago. Being surrounded, our forces .sought salety in the dense swamps. A number were killed and cap¬ tured. 28th.—General Heintzelinan forbids transportation of arms and ammu¬ nition in his district, until further orders. 29th.—Moseby hung thirty of our men, in Clark County, Virginia, for alleged burning of rebel houses. Chicago Convention assembled; Ho¬ ratio Seymour, of New York, President. Petersburg was again furiously shelled. 30th.—General Grant holds tlie Weldon Railroad securely against efforts of Lee to recapture it. The rebels, in their repeated efforts to repos.sess this main artery, to Richmond, have lost five Generals, four of whom were killed. Dispatches are receiver! from General fenlly, announcing a decisive victory over 2,000 feioux Indians, near Little Missouri River. Guerrillas, in force, are tigain entering Missouri from Arkansas. Sher¬ man maneuvers his army to cut the Macon Railroad, thereby sev¬ ering Hood’s chief line of retreat. Hood divides his army, and holds Atlanta and Jonesboro. Major-General D. Hunter was relieved of his command. 3lst.—General Howard’s corps commences to intrench .ground the en¬ emy at Jonesboro. The enemy attack and are repulsed. General Rous¬ seau attacked and defeated Wheeler, seven miles from Nashville, and reopened communication with General Sherman. General Milligan, with a small Federal force, was captured at Lebanon, Tennessee, by a detachment of cavalry, 1,600 strong, under Wheeler. September, 18G4.] HISTORY OF THE TTAR. 201

SEPTEMBEa 1, 18C4.—The rebels have captured a tram wnicn left Leavenworth for Fort Smith, on the 1st inst., consisting of one hnnflred wagons, laden witli sniiplies, and six hnndre(J rnnles and forty artillery horses, besides two sutler trains. General Mower, with a part oV the lilth Corps, lias arrived at Little Hock, which will strengthen iSteele’s force sufficiently to enable him to take the offensive. The. I4th Corps assaulted and c.arried the enemy’s works at Jonesboro, cajituring 10 guns and 2,000 prisoners, among them Hrigadier-fieneral Gorman. Hood blew up hi.s magazine at Atlanta, destroyed 7 locomotives, 81 cars loaded with am¬ munition, small arms, and stores, uartially de.-troyed 14 guns, and re¬ treated soutli. The enemy acknowledge the loss of three Generals be¬ fore Atlanta. ■Jd.—The Mexican General Cortinas crossed the Rio Grande, drove the rebels out of Brownsville, Texas, hoisted the American flag, and offered his services to the Federal commander at Brazos. The French and rebels were together repulsed by Cortinas. General Slocum, 20th Corps, occupied Atlanta. Jd.—General Sheridan again advances his army ujion the enemy in the Shenandoah Valley. The enemy are driven back by Ljoniax’s cavalry. The national thanks are, tendered by Pivaidenc Lincoln to .Vdmiral Fai’- ragiit and General Canby, for their signid success at Mobile Bay; also, to General Wm. T. Sherman and his soldiers, for their victories. Salutes are ordered to be fired in honor of the. above victories. General Idilroy attacked a force of rebel cavalry, near Murfreesboro, and drove them to¬ ward Triune. 4th.—The guerrilla chief General John Morgan was killed, his staff captured, and his forces badly cut up and routed by our forces, under General Gillain, at Greenville, Iilast Tennessee. 6th.—The Tennessee State Convention met to-day, and organized. Tho guerrilla Mo.seby captured a train of 86 ambulances, in Virginia. 7ih.—The Metacomet has succeeded in blowing the sunken rebel Nashville out of the channel, at Dog River, near Mobile. 8th.—General Price cros.«ed the Arkansas River, with 5,000 cavalry, about half-way between Little Rock and Fort Smith, moving toward Mis¬ souri. Shelby is in South-east lMis.souri, looking toward Cape Girardeau. General Sherman issued a congratulatory order to his army. yth.—Fire at .Manchester, opposite Richmond ; l,(i00 hogsheads tobacco burned ; value over §4,000,000; largest tire in the Confederacy, General O. G. Howard, commanding Army of llie Tennessee, issued a congratu¬ latory order to his troops. loth.—The rebel General Paige has been brought to Fort Morgan, where he is to be tried on a cliarge of destroying munitions of war in that fort after its surrender. The offense is punishable with death. A truce often days is agreed upon between Generals Sherman and Hood, to permit residents of Atlanta to migrate North or South. At one o’clock, this A. M., the 20th Indiana and 99th Penn.sylvania, under General De Trobriand, silently and successfully surprised the enemy’s picket line across the Jerusalem road, with little tiring and .'flight loss. Lieutenant-Colonel George W. Meikel, of the 20th, was killed in this ctiarge. 12th.—A large force of rebels, under Forrest, Wirt, Adams, Taylor, and others, estimated at 20,000, have been .secretly concentrating near Jack- son, Mississijipi, with e.xtensive wagon, iiontoon, and artillery trains. A dispatch from Louisville says that Forrest crossed the Cold Water, on Monday last, and carnjied within fifteen miles of Mem))hi.s; thatMarma- duke had crossed the St. Francis, with seven thousand men, moving to- wani Mi.ssouri, and that Price was threatening Little Rock. 13th.—'I'his morning two brigades of cavalry, with Getty’s division of the Cth Corps, made a dashing charge on the enemy, on the Winchostet 20‘J lIieTORY OF THE WAR. [September, 1804.

roafi, capturing the 8th South Carolina Kegiment, 16 officers and 145 men. Our loss was 2 killed and 2 wounded. 14tli.—A terrific cannonade was opened on Petersburg, this A. M., from our lines. Shells were thrown into the city. loth.—Shelby is reported atPoishatan, Arkansas, with 4,000 to 8,000 men. 17th.—A large body of rebel cavalry made a raid on our reserve herd of cattle, opposite Harrison’s Lauding, in rear of our center, and succeeded in carrying ott the entire lot of about 2,ouo ; 250 jirisoners were ca|)turetured in Warwick River, near Janies River, on riatunlay last, by the rebels ; they took fr2,700 from the ca})tain, timi robbed the vessel of every thing valuable that could ba removed. Gen. Hancock issued a congratulatory order Co his 2d (Jt Missouri, by Cap¬ tain Bells, with two luiiidreil of the 2d Missouri, he was jairsued and at¬ tacked near Whitevvater River. Three assaults were made, all of which were repulsed. Our loss was 5 killed ami 7 wounded. 22d.—General Bheridan met the enemy at Pdsher’s Hill, and carried his works by gallant charges, taking 16 guns, 8,000 jnisoners, ami thoroughly routing hull. He pursued the enemy during the night to Woodstock, and there halted his army. Forrest overpowered the small garrison at Athens, Tennessee, to-day. His command numbers some 8,ouo. He is moving on Fiilaski. Of the 800 men lejiorted captured at Cabin Creek, Kansas, about three-fourths have reached Fort bmith in safely. No otti- eers were killed or captured. 28d.—An expedition into Florida, from Pen.sacola, under General As- both, captured Euchenna Coiirt-lmu.se, with a number of prisoners. 24th.—This morning ojjened with heavy cannonading in front of Peters¬ burg. 26th.—’s advance reached Lexington, Mi.ssouri, to-day. General Brown, commanding District of Central Missouri, is fortifying Jetlerson City. 26th.—The forces under General Sheridan occupied Staunton, Virginia, to-day, and destroyed a large amount of jirojiertv. General Ewing re- jmlseii a charge of the enemy, at Pilot Knob,'killing reliel General Cabell, an

27th.—General A.'thoth captured Marianna, West Florida, taking 81 pri-^ioners, a Brigadier-General, and otlier officers, a large quantitv of Ftores, horses, mules, and cattle. General Ewing arrived at Kolia, Mis¬ souri, from Harrison. ‘28th.—The eiHuny attacked Ferrero’a division at Fort Sedgwick, in front of Petersburg^ and w.is repulsed with severe loss. Battle of jN’ew Market Hights. 29th.—Forre.st was repulsed at Pulaski, and afterward burned all the bridges between that place and Athens. Tlie lOth and 18th Corps ear¬ ned Fort Morris by .storm, eaf)turing 1(> guns and .300 prisoners, after a severe and tiloody engagement. (Jeneral llurnhnm was killed and other officers wounded. The colored troops of the loth (V>rj)s carried IS'ew Market Hights at the point of the bayonet. Nearly 200 were killed and a large munl)er wounded. 30th.—The 5th Corps attacked .and carried the first line of the enemy’s intrenchiuents at Preble Farm, near the Weldon Kailroalac,e. 2d.—General Burbridge attacked the enemy oiiles trom Saltville, drove him to his works, but was conifielled to rcrire on account of hi.s ammunition giving out. An exjK'dition sent ont from Jlodney, Missis¬ sippi, capttired at F.ayette fitX) cattle and, and train burned. Forrest has destroyed the railroad and three bridges be¬ tween Spring Hill and Carter’s (h-eek, near Columbia, Tennessee. Gen¬ eral Thotnas is concentrating forces to defeat the euetny’s pliuis of re¬ treating to the south side of the ']’ennpss<‘e River. 6th.—Hood attacked our garrison at .Mtoona, Big Shanty, and Aek- worth, V)Ut was repulsed witti heavy loss. The enemy elfccted a cross¬ ing of the Tenne.ssee at Bainbrklge, a lenw near the upper end of the Bhoals. 6fh.—Forr€.st escaped from General Ronssean at Florence hyrocro.ss- ing Tennessee River on flathoats. Successful expedition sent out by General Ihuia against Woodville, Iilississippi. General Lee captured Clinton, Louisiana. 7th.—The enemy attacked Geticral Kautz’s cavalry near Chapin’s Blutf, captured two batteries, and cniupclleany of colored troojis, at Pine Bluff, near Fort Donelson, and were three times repulsed, leaving 40 dead on the field. Longstreet attacked Sher¬ idan near Strasburg. No material advantage gained after three hours’ fighting. 13th.—A part of the 10th Corps made a reconnoissance on the Darby- town road, meeting and inflicting severe loss on the enemy. Our loss was 160 officers and 352 men, killed and wounded. Colonel Johnson, 44th U. S. colored troojis, surrendered Italton to Hood, who had over¬ powering numbers, and the garrison had no hope for relief. 14tb.—A fiand of guerrillas crosseil the Potomac, entered Poolesville, and committed de})redations. The guerrilla. Bill Anderson, entered Danville, IMissouri, murdered 5 citizens, burned 18 dwellings, destroyed the county records and law office, afterward went to High Hill and Florence, burned the railroad property, and plundered the stores. A force of militia {uirsued him. killing 15 and wounding 17 of them. loth—2,000 lebels, under Jeff Thompson, captured Sedalia, [Missouri, after a short resistance, and })lundered the town. Our forces reoccupied Ringgold. lOtii.—General Sherman captured Fhip Gap, with some prisoners. 17th.—Price occtipied ].,exington, IMissouri ; General Blunt afterward, with 2,000 cavalry, entered, routing I’rice. General Beauregard assumed command of the rebels in front of General Sherman. 18th.—Rebels talk of arming negroes, to be compensated with free¬ dom. General Birney died at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Price at¬ tacked and routed General Blunt at Lexington. General Blunt fell back to Little Blue River. 19th.—General Sheridan’s army was attacked early this A. M.; his left was routed, losing 20 guns. General Bheridan, returning from Wash¬ ington, heard the roar of battle, rode fast from Winchester, and found his army driven back four miles. He quickly united the corps, changed position of his forces, and at 3 P. M. attacked the enemy, capturing 43 guns, prisoners, wagons, caissons, ambulances, etc. The enemy fled ia October, 1864.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 205

great tumult. Our loss was General Bidwell killed, Generals Grover and Ricketts wounded, and a number of other field officers killed and woundeci. A band of rebels from Canada entered St. .41bans, 4 ermont, robbed .‘3 banks of $150,000, shot 5 men, killing l.and then fled whence they came. Rebels recross the 31 issoun River at Brunswick. A large Federal fleet arrived off Charleston. 20th.—Eight of the St. Albans’ raiders have been caught and $50,000 recovered General Sheridan })ursued Early’s rctrealihg army to 31t. Jackson, where he discovered them and scattered them in every diiee- tion ; 300 wagons w ere taken ; Early’s w hole loss amounted to about 10,000 men. 22d.—Colonel Jamison, with the loth Kansas and a battery of gun.?, was attacked at Byron’s Foni, Missouri, and cotn})elled to fall back to¬ ward We.'tport. General riea.«anton, with 15,000 men, drove I’rice out of Independence and ]:)ursued him, capturing a large number of pris¬ oners and guns. About 100 guenilla.s, under Cajitain Taylor, entered 31armaton, a few miles below I-^ort Scott, at midnight, and murdered Colonels Knowles, Brown, Hawkins, 31cGonigle, Shadwick, Stout, and 3 citizens; burnecf 2 stores, a chttrch, and several residences. 2;id.—Our forces, under General Curtis, were driven from Westport by Shelby, who was afterward attacked and defeated by General Pleas¬ anton. 24th.—Four guerrillas were shot at Louisville, Kentucky, in retalia¬ tion for the murder of a mail carrier by Sue .Mundy’s cut-throat gan^. 2i5th.—General Dutfee captured by guerrillas near 3Ianinsburg, Vir¬ ginia. Price defeated near Fort Scott, losing camp equipage, 20 wagons of I'lunder, cattle, and 1 gun 26th.—General Price was again defeated, near Fort Scott, losing 1,500 pri.soners, 1,000 stand of arms, and 10 guns. Generals Marmaduke and Cabell, and a number of Colonels, were among the prisoners. We burned 200 of his wagons. A Federal force from Pensacola destroyed the town of Milton, Florida, including extensive salt works, and cap¬ tured a number ol juisoners. The etnuny ap})eared in force in front of Ilecatur, Alabama, and attacked the garrison, but without effect, in¬ trenching himself undercover of his fire. 27th.—New York agents were arrested in Baltimore for forging soldiers’ votes. The notoriohs gueirilla, Bill Anderson, and 7 of his men, were killed at AlViany, Ray county, 31issouri. A general movement by the left flank of the Army of the Potomac commenced this morning; two brigades of the 18tli Corps essayed a position of the enemy on the Wil¬ liamsburg road, and when within a few Imndred yards of the works the enemy opened a cross-fire upon (hem, compelling them to fall hack, losing some 3,(KX); rebel loss ahont 1,500. I’rice forced to relreal from 3Iarais des Cygnes. The enemy at Pecatnr intrenched himself, skirmishing eoiitinually. and at night tlrove in our pickets, and estab¬ lished his rifle-pits within 500 yanls of the town. Forrest captured Gunboat 55, and 2 transports, and burned the steamer Empress at F'ort llieman, an earth-work near Pittsburg Landing. 28th.—The rebel ram Albemarle was destroyed in Roanoke River by a torpedo boat, uinler Lieutenant Gushing, of the navy. General Blunt defeated Price at New tonia : rebel los.s 4.70; our lo.ss 120. Price w.as pur¬ sued. 2,500 rebels, under Colonel Brooks, attacked Fayetteville, .Ar¬ kansas, and were repulsed. General Fagan, with some 6,0(io of Price’.? re¬ treating forces, Cairo* up and cn(er<*d (lie place, but were jait to rout by our forces, iiicler Geiiends Blunt and Curtis. A sortie was maait of tlie cargo. The enemy before Decatur retreated toward Courtland, with the evident intention to recross the river, which was ordered to be prevented, if possible. 31st.—The town of Plymouth, North Carolina, was captured bv Com¬ mander W. II. INIaeomb, after a severe shelling from the fleet; 100 men were landed and stormed Fort Bateman, capturing 200 prisoners ; 40 })ieces of heavy and 12 })ieces of light artillery were taken; a magazine was exploded by one of our shells, and the town fired by the explosion. The enemy effected a lodgment on the north side of Ihe'Teunessee, just above Florence.' November 2, 1864.—Forrest succeeded in planting batteries above and below Johnsonville, one of our bases of supplies, completely block¬ ading the river with 3 gunboats, 8 transports, and about a dozen barges. They attacked the batteries below the place, but were repulsed, after a severe contest, but not Irefore recapturing one of the transports, and forcing them to destroy Gunboat 55, captured a few days before. 4th.—The enemy o})ened on the gunboats, transports, .and the town of Johnsonville, from the batteries j)lanted on the opj>osite banks of the river, to which the boats and artillery gave a brisk response, but the boats being soon disabled, were fired, as well as the transjiorts, for tear of their falling into the hands of the enemy ; the flames spread from the river to the comtnissary stores on the levee and the government build¬ ings adjacent; the whole was soon a mass of ruins. The loss to the government was $1,500,000, or more. The destruction of propertv' is said to have been useless, as the enemy could not have crossed the river at that point. 5th.—Rebels unsuccessfully attack Fort Sedgwick, on the Jerusalem Plank Road. Forrest withdrew from near Johnsonville, and crossed the Tennessee above that place, and moved off toward Clifton. Cth.—General Butler .assumed command of forces in New York “to meet existing emergencies.” The enemy attacked the extreme left of the Army of the Potomac this afternoon and were repulsed. 7th.—Arrests of the notorious rebels. Colonel Marm.aduke and others, were made in Chicago this morning ; arms and ammunition were found secreted by them ; they contemplated the release of the rebel ])risoners at Camp Douglas, and the burning of the city. Late last night the enemy attempted to .surprise our picket line in front of Peters¬ burg, .and were disastrously rejnilsed, losing 300. 8th.— President TJncoln re-elected; Andrew Johnson elected Vice- President of the United States. 9th.— Commencemeiif of General Sherman's Grand March through Geor~ gia.—The advance of General .Sherman’s army moved out from Atlanta, en route for the sea-coast; the 5th, 14th, 15th, IGth, 17th, and 20th Army Corps, with some 10,000 cavalry, under General Kilpatrick, comprised this .advancing army. 10th.—The destruction of manufactories, mills, .and other buildings valuable to the enemy was commenced this afternoon in Rome, Geor¬ gia. The enemy engaged the 2d Cor|)s jtickets all night, for sever.ab nights, without success. Rebel plot to seize Pacific mail steamers at Panama discovered. llfh.—The steamboat Tulip, of the Potomac Flotilla, exploded her boiler; .50 out of 65 persons lost. The last train bound northward left Atlanta to-day. All the arsenals, mills, and founderies at Atlanta, and between there and Chattanooga, are being destroyed. November, 1804.] HISTORY OP THE WAR. 207

12th.—Important oavalry skirmishes, for several daj's, between Gen¬ erals Sheridan and Early. Lomax defeated near Nineveh, Vircinia, by General Powell. GeneraN Ciistar and .Merritt made a succesafid recon- nois.sance from Cedar Creek. 14th.—Early this morning General Breckinridge, with a large force, turned Bull’s Gaj), Virginia, struck the column of Federal forces under General Gilleni, and routed him, with a loss of Jirisoners and a few cannon. iOth.—A Federal force under Lieutenant-Colonel Sterling, 2d IMaino Cavalry, captured a company of rebels while guarding a brnlge in West¬ ern Florida. General Sherman left Atlanta with the main body of his army, the rear-guard following immediately after. 17th.—The liombardment of Charleston and Fort Sumter continues with steadiness and .severity. General Sherman’s right wing advanced on Jonesboro and .McDonough, driving out Wheeler and Cobb. Coving¬ ton partly burned by General Slocum's divi.sion. Part of General But¬ ler’s picket line captured near Chester's Station. 18th.—Rebels attacked our forces at Strawtierry Plains, above Knox¬ ville, Tennessee, and were repulsed. Macon Railroad cut by Generals Slocum and Forsyth. Georgia Legislature fled from Milledgeville. General Sherman clo.se at hand. 1‘Jth.—Ucmulgee River bridged by General Howard. Madison, Geor¬ gia eaptureil by General Sherman ; dejiot, etc., burned. 20th.—General Gillem’s retreating force arrives in Knoxville. General Ilow’ard crosses the Ocmulgee and enters Milledgeville. Georgia Central Railroad destroyed at Griswoldville. General Howard crossed the Oconee, arriving at Greensboro. 21st.—Two steamers sailed from New' York laden with edibles for a Thank.sgiving dinner for the .‘\rmy of the Potom.ac. General Thomas’s army at Pulaski. The enemy badly whipped at Liberty, Louisiana, losing J guns and 200 prisoners. General Sherman’s cavalry resisted by Wheeler at Gordon, but were driven out and the town occupied. 22(1.—Captain Winslow, of the Kearsarge, had a public recejition at Bo.ston, and was pre.sented with a silver service by the citizens. Gen¬ eral Sheridan’s cavalry, under Generals Custar, Powell, and Devin, at¬ tacked the main infantry army of Early; finding him well intrenched at Wood’s Hill, pur cavalry fell back, having obtained all the information desired by the reconnoissance; our loss .small. General Thomas tails bixck toward Franklin. The enemy shelled General Hatch’s cavalry out of Lawreneebiirg, Tennes.see. 2Jd.—Battle at Griswoldville, Georgia; loss small on either side. Pu¬ laski, Athens, Decatur, and Huntsville evacuated by our troops concen¬ trating toward Nashville. 24th.—Potomac, James, and Valley Armies celebrate Thank.sgiving with the aid of thousands of turkeys and other delicacies. Shelbyville, Kentucky, plundered by guerrillas. A cavalry skirmish ensued between Forrest and our forces under General Hatch; the former was driven back, with loss. 2r)th.—Rebels attempt to burn New York; hotels and shipping fired with but little success. 2(>th.—Haskins’s guerrillas routed by 200 of our forces sent out from Fort Donelsou and Clarksville. 27th.—'I'he steamer Greyhound, General Butler’s dispatch boat in the James River, was burned”. General Butler, who was on board, barely escajied. 2Sth.—Orders were is.sued for the organization of General Hancock’s new volunteer army corjis. 2,000 of the enemy, under General Payne, surprised, captured, and burned New Creek Station, on the Baltimore gnd Ohio Railroad. 300 rebels repulsed at Piedmont, Virginia, by a 208 HISTORY OF THE WAR. [December, 18G4. company of the fith West Virginia Infmtry. General Rosser captures Fort Kelly, at New Creek, with guns and garrison. 30th.—Battle of Franklin, Tennessee; Hood repulsed, with loss of 6,000 men killed and neaily 1,000 prisoners, with guns, flags, ete.; Union loss over 2,000. General Thomas resumes his march to Nashville, where he halts and fortifies. Battle at Grahamsville, South Carolina. Our forces repulsed at Honey Hill, South Carolina. December 1, 1804.—General Gregg captured Stony Creek Station, 2 guns, and 175 prisoners; depots burned with provision, arms, am muni¬ tion, etc. Blockade at Norfolk, Fernandina, and Pensacola ceased. 4th.—General Merritt’s expedition to Loudon Valley returns, having stripped the whole section of stock and forage. 5th.—Block-houses at Murfreesboro unsuccessfully attacked by rebels. Last night 13 guerrillas captured a schooner laden with sutler’s stores, tile tow-t)oat Lizzie Freeman, and a barge in tow, at Pagan’s Creek, on James River. Gth.—General Merritt’s cavalry division made a grand r.aid in Loudon and Fauquier counties, Virginia', destroying and capturing stock, provi¬ sions, grain, barns, mills, etc., to the amount of over $2,56o,(X)U. 7th.—Electoral colleges in the State.s meet for election of President and Vice-President. Detroit, Michigan, threatened by Canadian raiders. 8th.—Rebels establish a battery on Cumberland River; our gunboats fail to dislodge it. General Milrby attacked Forrest’.s cavalry aixl a divi¬ sion of Lee’s corps, at Murfreesboro, and routed them, they lo.sing nearly 500. 9th.—500 Indi.ans killed near Fort Lyon, by Colonel Livington’s force. Reconnois.sance on Hatcher’s Run. 11th.—General Sherman within 5 miles of Savannah, Georgia, in full line of battle, and has communicated with Admiral Dalilgren’s fleet be¬ fore Savannah. 12th.—General Warren returned from an expedition along the Weldon Railroad; starting on the Gth, he marched 50 miles, effectually destroy¬ ing 3 railroad bridges. 15 miles of track, an, fSperryville, and Madison Court House towani Gordons- ville, and after several days, destroying every thing of value to the en¬ emy that was i>o.'-sible, safely returned to Winchester, with but littlo loss. General Burbridge, in leaving Wythesville, met Breckinridge at Marion, and was repulse

27th.—General Grierson struck the Mobile and Ohio Railroad 5 miles below Corinth, and had to this date utterly destroyed it below Okalona ; ' 29 biidges, a great deal of trestle-wrrk, 32 cars, 300 army wagons, and ^ 4,000 carbines were destroyed at ditferent ]daces. 28th.—Hood recrossed the Tennes.see River at Bainbridge, with all his i remaining forces, which caused our worn-out forces to halt and rest. The road froth Pulaski was strewn with abandoned wagons, small arms, etc., showing the disorder of the enemy’s retreat. 31st.—Colonel N. J. Painter, with a cavalry force, destroyed Hood’s pontoon train of 200 wagons and 78 boats, near Russellville, Alabama. January, 1, 1805.—N. J. Palmer, with a cavalry force, sur|)rised and captured a supply train of 110 wagons and 500 mules; the former were burned and the latter shot or sabered. Cth.—The transport fleet under General Terry left Fortress Monroe for a second attack on Fort Fisher. ^ 8th.—General Terry arrived at Beaufort, North Carolina, and arranged with Rear-Admiral Piirter the attack on Fort Fisher. 11th.—.V party of Ro.s.ser’s division suriui.sed and captured our gar¬ rison and 400 men, and carried the town of Beverly, Virginia, and burned the bridge. The attack was maile at 3 o’clock in the morning; the | pickets were only stationed 300 yards from the camp. 1 12th.—Rear-Admiral Porter’s fleet of 52 vessels, of all classes, 531 guns, sailing in 3 columns, left Beaufort, North Carolina, for Fort Fisher, [ arriving off Half Moon Battery about 11 o’cloidv tliat night. 13lh.—Attack on Fort Fiaher.—Admiral Porter’s fleet formed a line of battle at early dawn. Line No. 1 took position near the beach to land troo})S, and lines Nos. 2 and 3, anchoring just outside the reserves tak¬ ing charge of the provision vessels. At 8 A. M. the iron-clads, 5 in num¬ ber, got into position about 1,U0U yards from the. fort and opened fire deliberately; the troops lauded before 3 P. 31. Lines Nos. 1 and 2 went ' in on the attack at 4 P. M., and bombarded the fort until after dark, when the wooden vessels were orderetl to haul out and anchor; the monitors and ironsides kej-t up firing, at intervals, all night ; the eneiuy had ceased to lire before dark, and kept in his bomb-juoofs; the most of his guns on the sea front were dismounted or destroyed, and the greater portion of the fort, at that point, was reduced to a crumbling condition. 14th.—Attack on Fort Fisher—Second dot/.—All the small gunboats car¬ rying 11-inch guns, were ordered in to try to dismount all the guns on the face of the work where the assault was to be made by the sailors. The attack lasted from 1 P. M. until after dark, and one vessel tired at intervals all night. General Terry went aboard of Admiral Porter’s flag¬ ship to' arrange the plan of battle for the next day. 2,0U0 sailors were landed to assault the sea-face, armed with cutlasses and revolvers and sotne with Sharji’s rifles. They liug rifle-pits under cover of the fleet’s guns; there was a perfect understanding between General Terry and Rear-.\dmiral Porter as to the signals and the whole, arrangement of attack. Colonel N. J. Palmer, at night, surprised the camp of the rebel cavalry under Lyon, at Red Hill, Alabama, who had been up in Ken¬ tucky, and captured his last piece of artillery and most of his eommauil, including Lyon himself, who was in bed at the lime; having obtained jiermissi'on to dress himself, he watched his (diance, .snatched a pistol from his bed, shot his guard, and eseafied in the d.arkness. 15th.—Attack on Fort Fisher—Third day.—The squaiiron reached posi¬ tion for attack in 3 lines, at 11 A. M., and opened fire as soon as an¬ chored; the enemy’s upper battenes opened tire with some effect, but were eventually silenced, so no vessel was disabled by their tiro. At 3 P. M. the signal was given by General Terry for the tte'et to change di¬ rection of their fire so that the troops could commence their assault oa February, 1865.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 211

the land side ; the ves.sel.s changed their fire to the upper hattcrie.s ; all the steam whistles were hlowii, amt the troops and sailors d.a.shed ahead, eacli trying to gain the parafiets tirst. 'i'he mariners were to have held the ritte-pifs to cover the hoanling party ot the .sailors, which they failed to do, so th.at the head of their column rect'ived a murderous tire of grape and canister, and were (oreed to retreat with severe loss ; in the mean time the troops were successful on their side. The enemy, seeing .so large a bolaces by the enemy, burning railroad bridges, sev¬ eral thousand bales of cotton, arsenals, quarter-masters’ stores, 2 iron¬ clads and some vessels in the navy-yard. A building containing a large quantity of rice and 2(X) kegs of janvder was fired, aird as the poor of tlie city were trying to save the rice, the powder exploact. The whole city is a mass of ruins; a few poor jieople only remain, and they nearly' starved. At 9 o'clock A. M., the identical flag that General Anderson hauled down, once more streamed from the parapet of Fort Bumter; 2,1)00 of the enemy’s de¬ serters, who were concealed, were captured by us. The mam force of the enemy at Charleston, about 14,000, moved oflf northward. General Bchofield advanced from Bniithville toward Fort Anderson with 8,000 men; at the same time Admiral Porter’s fleet shelled the works biiskly. 18th.— Columbia, Bouth Carolina, evacuated. General ‘Bhernian’s fon'es entered and destroyed the public jiroperty, the depots and ar¬ senals were blown u}), and the buildings in the suburbs containing the public stores were fired. Owing to a high w inif, some piles of cotton, then some arljoining buildings took fire, which communicated the fire to the business portion of the city, which was soon reduced to ashes. February, 1865.] HISTORY OF THE WAR. 213

General Sherman’s advanee reached Camden, Sotith Carolina. At 9 o’clock A. M. the city of Charleston, with Fort Sumter, Fort Jloultrie, Castle Pinckney, and all its defensive works, and all their contents, were surrendereii to Major-tioneral Gillmore by Major JIachetii. Larjje quan¬ tities of fine ammunition, 45ii jiieces of'fi;ood artillery, 8 locomotives, besides other rolling stock, all in good condition, and over 4,000 jnis- oners were secureil. Admiral Porter moved his fleet nearer Fort Ander¬ son, and kept up a heavy filing all day; the enemy’s batteries were soon silenced. General Si hofield was arranging to (Uit off the garrison. We have lost a number of men by guerrilla cavalry dashes on small squads, in the past few days, in the Shenandoah Valley and elsewhere in Virginia. loth.—Fort Anderson evacuated just before dawn, the rebels taking with them some light artillery and all else movable and of value. After daylight, some of our troops, who were near by, went in and hoisted our flag on the ramparts, when the firing ceased from the vessels, which lia

In the border slave States, Delaware, Maryland, Kentticky, and Mis¬ souri, there was a strong disloyal sentiment. That part of Virginia now known as West Virginia, having an area of 20,000 square miles, and a population of 334,921, was, in the main, loyal to the Federal government. ^ The following table will exhibit the value of the real estate and per¬ sonal property in the two sections.

r • LOYAL STATES. r. California. .$207,874,613 New York. .$1,843,338,517 Connecticut. . 44'1,274,114 Ohio. Delaware. . 46,242,181 Oregon. Illinoi.s. . 871,860,282 Pennsylvania. . 1,416,501,818 Indiana. . 528,835,371 Rhode Island. 135,337,588 Iowa. . 247,338,265 Vermont. Kansas. . 31 ,.327,895 Wisconsin. . 273,671.668 Kentucky. . 666,043,112 Total, States. ....$10,875,2-'>,618 Maine. . 190,211,600 Maryland. . 376,919,914 Dist. of Columbia.. .. 41,084,945 Massachusetts. Nebraska T. Michigan. New Mexico T. Minnesota... Utah T. Missouri. Washington T. 5,601,466 New Hampshire. . 156,310,860 New Jersey. . 467,918,324 Total.

SECEDED STATES.

Alabama.... ,...$495,237,078 North Carolina. ...$.358,739,399 Arkansas...... 219,256,473 South Carolina, ... 548,138,754 Florida. .... 73,101 ,.500 Tennessee...... 493,903,892 Georgia. .... 645,895,237 Texas.. ... 36.5,200,614 Loui.siana...... 602,118,568 Virginia...... 79.3,249,681 Mississippi .... 607,324,911 Total. ,$5,202,176,107

4 • APPENDIX,

THE ARMY.

At the fall of Fort Sumter, the loj'al States, with a population of 22.iK)fl,000, had an .Irmy consisting of 19 regiments, \rlth 2 corps of engi¬ neers, numbering in all not over 14,000 effective men. At ttiis date our Army and Navy number more than those of any nation since the world began. The following table will exhibit the number of men furnished by each State since the commencement of the war. It is compiled from the latest official reports and statements, and exhibits, as nearly as can pos¬ sibly be ascertained, the number on the 1st of January, 1865:

Maine=^. 47,360 Kansas . 21,806 New Hampshire. 24,607 ^Minnesota. 21,442 Vermont. 26,940 Oregon . 1,076 TVlassachusettsf.108,146 California. 14,705 Ivhodc Island J. 2;),825 Washington T. 1,370 (.'onnectii-utp. 42,789 Nebraska T. 5,000 New Yorlc....292,982 Dakota T. 750 New Jersey. .39,402 Nevada T. 400 Pennsylvania.259,047 Colorado T. 4,070 J)ela\\are . 7,5()1 Dist. of Columbia. 5,100 ]M ary I a lid. 22,151 West Virginia. 27,107 Total.2,043,747 Kentucky. 51,945 Tennessee. 29,WK) 9,100 to navy, Missouri. ,59,108 Ohio?.340,032 f 24,500 to navy. Indiana.201,078 J 1,900 to navy. Illinois.197,360 I 7,050 to navy. Wi.sconsin. 59,031 g 35,000 National Guards in 100 Mich Iowa 59,708 ! days’ service included.

NAVY.

At the outbreak of the rebellion our navy numbered but 90 vessels, all cla.sses, of which not more than four were available for active serv¬ ice. The following is a general exhibit of the navy, including vessels under construction, December, 1804: No. of No. of V DESCRIPTION. vessels, guns. tuns, 113 Screw-steamers, especially constructed for naval purposes... 1,426 169,231 52 Paddle-wheel steamers, especially constructed for naval purposes. 524 51,878 71 Iron-clad vessel.s.i. 275 80,596 149 Screw-steamers, purchased, captured, etc., fitted for naval purposes. 614 60,380 174 P.a(hne-wheel .steamers, purchased, captured, etc., fitted for naval purposes. 921 78,762 112 Sailing vessels of all classes. 850 69,549

671 Total 4,610 610,396 J. t

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