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Support to the Implementation of the Association Agreement and of the National Strategy in the Transport Sector in Ukraine SEA Report - DRAFT December 2016

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Support to the Implementation of the Association Agreement and of the National Strategy in the Transport Sector in Ukraine SEA Report - DRAFT December 2016 The European Union’s EBPI programme For Ukraine Support to the implementation of the association agreement and of the national strategy in the transport sector in Ukraine SEA Report - DRAFT December 2016 This project is funded by A project implemented by Dornier Consulting International The European Union in consortium with Egis International / Expertise Francais SEA REPORT - DRAFT TABLE OF CONTENT 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 2 INTRODUCTION 10 3 BACKGROUND 13 3.1 Strategy and Action Plans, Goals and Objectives 13 3.2 Priority Axes of the National Transport Study 14 3.3 SEA Objectives 15 3.4 SEA Methodology 16 3.5 SEA Consultation Process 17 4 ASSESSMENT OF NTS OBJECTIVES AND ALTERNATIVES 19 4.1 Assessment of NTS Objectives 19 4.2 Assessment of NTS Alternatives 21 5 BASELINE 25 5.1 Relevant Aspects of Current State of Environment in Ukraine 25 Air Quality and Existing Emissions 25 Climate and Climate Change 30 Soil and Soil Use 34 Geological and Hydro-geological Characteristics 37 Waters and Sea 41 Biodiversity and Protected Areas 47 Landscape 56 Cultural Heritage 56 Population 59 Economic Activities 69 Noise 79 Waste 79 5.2 Environmental Characteristics of Areas likely to be significantly affected by the National Transport Strategy and Action Plans 82 5.3 Environmental Protection Objectives established at International or National Levels 83 1 6 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 86 6.1 Identification of the potential significant and cumulative Effects on the Environment of National Transport Strategy and Action Plans 86 Impacts to Air 89 Impacts to Climate Change 91 Impacts to Soil and Land Use Change 93 Impacts to Water and Sea 94 Impacts to Habitats, Flora, Fauna, Protected Areas and Landscape 95 Impacts to Cultural Heritage and Material Assets 97 Impacts to Population 98 Impacts to Energy 98 Noise impacts 99 Waste Management 100 Impacts to Human Health and Safety 101 Cumulative Impacts 102 Transboundary Impacts 103 Summary of the potential Impacts (Findings) in the SEA 104 6.2 Measures envisaged to prevent, reduce and a fully as possible, offset any significant adverse and cumulative environmental Effects and to enhance any potential environmental Benefits – of implementing the National Transport Strategy and Action Plans 106 6.3 Identification of Monitoring Needs and Management Actions 111 6.4 Linkages with Gender Equality and Governance 112 7 CONCLUSIONS 117 8 RECOMMENDATIONS 122 9 FOLLOW UP, MONITORING AND REPORTING FRAMEWORKS 126 10 INDICATION OF DIFFICULTIES AND DISCREPANCIES 128 11 LEGISLATION LIST 129 2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AA – Association Agreement CAEP - Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection CLRTAP - Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution DCFTA – Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area EECA – Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMEP – European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme EU – European Union GHG – Greenhouse gases ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organization IVM – Integrated Vegetation Management JMP – Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation LULUCF – Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry MENRU – Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine MoIU – Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine NKE – Non-Key Expert NTS – National Transport Strategy NTS – Non-technical Summary PPPs – Policies, plans and programmes SEA – Strategic Environmental Assessment TEN-T – Trans-European Transport Network ToR – Terms of Reference UNECE – United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 3 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is a systematic, pro‐active and participative process that aims at ensuring that environmental aspects are given due consideration in planning and decision making above the project level, frequently referred to as strategic action or policies, plans and programmes (PPPs). SEA should ensure that National Transport Strategy and plans take into consideration the environmental effects their causes. The assignment tasks of the SEA preparation are directly attributed to the Project output represented by the Report on the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA report) on the National Transport Strategy and the plans. SEA report is based on the following documents: National Transport Strategy, November 2016 Strategic Plan for Maritime Transport Development for the period up to 2020, December 2015 Strategic Plan for River Transport for the period up to 2020, December 2015 Strategic Plan for Air Transport Development up to 2020, December 2015 Strategic Plan for Rail Transport Development Up To 2020, December 2015 Strategic Plan for Development of Road Transport and Road Infrastructure of Ukraine up to 2020, December 2015 The National Transport Study focuses on five priority axes: PRIORITY AXIS 1: EFFICIENCY IN PUBLIC GOVERNANCE IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR o Measure 1.1 Establish Principles of good governance in transport sector management o Measure 1.2 Implement Public Administration reform o Measure 1.3 Align government Priority actions with the provisions of the Association Agreement o Measure 1.4 Implement corporate governance principles for state owned enterprises (SOE) and transport agencies PRIORITY AXIS 2: PROVIDE QUALITY AND EFFICIENT TRANSPORT SERVICES o Measure 2.1 Increase the quality and efficiency of transport services in Passenger and Cargo Transport, including Transit) o Measure 2.2 Promote innovations in the Transport Sector o Measure 2.3 Apply Infrastructure Life Cycle in Asset Management o Measure 2.4 Eliminate existing barriers to multimodal transport o Measure 2.5 Implement integrated environmental policies PRIORITY AXIS 3: ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE FINANCING FOR TRANSPORT o Measure 3.1 Ensure sources of funding for public transport o Measure 3.2 Establish transparency and accountability principles in managing public funds o Measure 3.3 Introduce mechanisms for mid-term budget planning o Measure 3.4 Attract private investments to the transport sector 4 o Measure 3.5 Dialogue with IFIs to support key infrastructure along international transport corridors PRIORITY AXIS 4: IMPROVING TRANSPORT SAFETY AND SECURITY o Measure 4.1 Reduce National fatality rates due to traffic accidents o Measure 4.2 Enhance capability and capacity of key organisations o Measure 4.3. Reduce the numbers killed and seriously injured annually in road accidents o Measure 4.4 Enhance railways safety o Measure 4.5 Enhance Maritime and IWW safety o Measure 4.6 Enhance safety in air transport PRIORITY AXIS 5: IMPROVED URBAN MOBILITY AND REGIONAL INTEGRATION o Measure 5.1 Promote quality and safe public transport services in urban settlements o Measure 5.2 Promote green and non-motorized transport o Measure 5.3 Improve transport integration into regional development and enhance regional connectivity o Measure 5.4 Support local and regional authority’s decentralization process o Measure 5.5 Ensure permanent regular transport services in rural and difficult to access region o Measure 5.6 Improve transport accessibility to socially vulnerable people and people with disabilities Each priority axis has list of measures and each measure consists of list of actions which being updated on continuous basis. Overview of the conclusions drew during the preparation of this report and implementation of the activities that preceded it is given in the following paragraphs. Assessment of NTS objectives There is good level of compatibility of the NTS objectives with the SEA objectives. In general, the NTS objectives are in the spirit of development of sustainable transport and compliant to the European relevant policy. None of the NTS objectives is incompatible with the SEA objectives. All objectives are partly compatible with the SEA objective of the promotion of sustainable transport modes, since they promote accessibility and territorial cohesion. The fulfilment of the PRIORITY AXIS 2: PROVIDE QUALITY AND EFFICIENT TRANSPORT SERVICES, PRIORITY AXIS 4: IMPROVING TRANSPORT SAFETY AND SECURITY and PRIORITY AXIS 5: IMPROVED URBAN MOBILITY AND REGIONAL INTEGRATION depends on several factors, such as how interventions will be realized, the modal shift that is probably promoted by them, the new transport pattern after the completion of them, etc. By the adoption of adequate provisions, aiming at preventing and mitigating adverse effects on the environment, at the stage of planning the interventions, these objectives of the NTS can be fulfilled in an environmental friendly way. In conclusion, even though a level of uncertainty exists (which can be offset by the specification of the interventions to be promoted), the NTS is focusing on the improvement of the Ukrainian transport in a sustainable way. 5 Assessment of NTS alternatives The methodology applied for the preparation of the NTS has led to the definition of measures which can contribute to the fulfilment of each NTS objectives (priority axes). For each objective, measures that clearly show a high degree of internal compatibility, are complementary with each other and proved to be necessary independently of the final decision on the preferred models, will be implemented since they do not compete with any other group of measures. National Transport Strategy is not proposed alternative solutions of planned measures and actions and, as such, are not considered in strategic study. As an alternative solution, may be to take an alternative option - without conducting the National Transport Strategy, and possible development of the environment without the implementation of the National Transport
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