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Spectrum Management International Telecommunication Union West African Common Market Project: Harmonization of Policies Governing the ICT Market in the UEMOA-ECOWAS Space Radio Spectrum Management European Union Radio Spectrum Management TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Foreword 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Spectrum demand in the ECOWAS/UEMOA region .................................... 1 1.2 Managing interference.................................................................................... 2 1.3 Striking the right balance................................................................................ 3 2 Promoting efficient and innovative spectrum use ........................................................ 3 2.1 The objectives of radio spectrum management.............................................. 3 3 International regulatory framework.............................................................................. 4 3.1 Global and regional regulatory framework .................................................... 4 4 Interference management.............................................................................................. 5 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 5 4.2 Interference issues.......................................................................................... 5 4.3 Coordination of radio spectrum use ............................................................... 6 4.3.1 Intra-service coordination............................................................................... 6 4.3.2 Intra-service coordination............................................................................... 6 4.3.3 International coordination.............................................................................. 7 4.4 Challenges for Interference management in the ECOWAS/UEMOA region 7 5 National spectrum management policies...................................................................... 8 5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 8 5.2 National spectrum management practices...................................................... 8 BENIN ........................................................................................................................ 8 BURKINA FASO......................................................................................................... 8 CAPE VERDE.............................................................................................................. 8 CÔTE D’IVOIRE:........................................................................................................ 9 THE GAMBIA ............................................................................................................. 9 GHANA........................................................................................................................ 9 GUINEA....................................................................................................................... 10 GUINEA BISSAU........................................................................................................ 11 LIBERIA ...................................................................................................................... 11 MALI ............................................................................................................................ 11 NIGER .......................................................................................................................... 11 NIGERIA...................................................................................................................... 11 SENEGAL .................................................................................................................... 12 SIERRA LEONE.......................................................................................................... 12 TOGOLESE REPUBLIC ............................................................................................. 12 5.3 Summary......................................................................................................... 12 6 Coordinating spectrum management across civilian uses and governmental uses....... 13 6.1 Civilian use of spectrum................................................................................. 13 6.2 Government use of spectrum.......................................................................... 14 6.3 Organization and information......................................................................... 14 6.4 Case examples of radio spectrum coordination.............................................. 15 The United States.......................................................................................................... 15 Malaysia........................................................................................................................ 16 New Zealand................................................................................................................. 17 Nigeria .......................................................................................................................... 18 7 Applying market mechanisms for managing spectrum ................................................ 19 7.1 Economic principles of spectrum management.............................................. 19 7.2 Coverage conditions ....................................................................................... 19 7.3 Service restrictions......................................................................................... 20 7.4 New approaches to spectrum licensing .......................................................... 20 7.5 Spectrum Trading........................................................................................... 21 7.6 Auctions.......................................................................................................... 22 7.7 Spectrum pricing............................................................................................ 23 8 Coordinating spectrum management in wireless communications .............................. 23 8.1 Coordinating spectrum deployment for wireless communications ................ 24 Annex 1 – guidelines for radio spectrum management............................................................ 25 Foreword The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) launched a regional project, in cooperation with the European Union, to support the establishment of an integrated ICT Market in West Africa. The project takes account of the UEMOA and ECOWAS vision for the telecommunications sector, shared by National Regulatory Authorities throughout the region, which is “to have a single liberalized telecommunications market in the Community, following on the adoption of uniform legislative and regulatory frameworks, and the interconnection and integration of national networks.” The project was designed based on several Government requests for assistance on Regulatory Reform aiming to harmonize the development of the telecommunications sector in West Africa. As such, it aims to build on existing initiatives and projects from other national, regional and international organizations such as UEMOA, ECOWAS and the World Bank, where applicable. Thus, the project will specifically take into account recent studies and recommendations such as the draft UEMOA Directives and the World Bank−ECOWAS Study on the Harmonization of Telecommunications Policies in ECOWAS. It also aims to build human and institutional capacity in the field of ICT through a range of targeted training, education and knowledge sharing measures. The project focuses on a number of urgent regulatory issues of concern to the beneficiary countries. It recognizes that some of the constraints towards the objective of a common market are related to telecommunications regulations, but that other social and economic constraints to investment such as lack of information or of appropriate regulations or indeed lack of regulatory certainty also play a role. The project has five components, namely: interconnection, licensing, management of scarce resources (numbering plan and frequency spectrum management), universal access and model policy and legislation. Within the framework of the project, best practices and guidelines on various regulatory aspects of ICTs were identified and developed. In the first phase, validation workshops were organized in 2004 on the following regulatory aspects: interconnection, licensing, numbering, spectrum management and universal access/service. Following these workshops, the comments of the participants were incorporated and the documents were revised in order for ECOWAS-UEMOA to have at their disposal a regulatory framework best tailored to their member countries in the era of the Information Society. The first version of the report on spectrum management was developed by Michel Schaar and presented at the Validation Workshop on spectrum management in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 14-16 December 2004. The report was revised and updated by Dr. Chris Doyle. The present document will be presented to ECOWAS/UEMOA member countries for final approval.1 ____________________ 1 In preparing this report on radio spectrum management, the author benefited from discussions with Professor Martin Cave of Warwick Business School, and Eric Lie and
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