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Non-indigenous bivalves () from the Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay)

Conference Paper in Frontiers in Marine Science · September 2016 DOI: 10.3389/conf.FMARS.2016.05.00178

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Irene Fernández-Rodríguez Andrés Arias University of Oviedo University of Oviedo

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Nuria Anadon University of Oviedo

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The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Non-indigenousNon-indigenous bbivalvesivalves (Mollusca)(Mollusca) fromfrom thethe CantabrianCantabrian SeaSea (Bay(Bay ofof Biscay)Biscay)

FernándezFernández Rodríguez,Rodríguez, IreneIrene11,, Arias,Arias, AndrésAndrés11 && Anadón,Anadón, NuriaNuria11

1Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, University of Oviedo. Oviedo 33071, Spain. [email protected]

ALIEN IN THE CANTABRIAN SEA Alien or non-indigenous species represent a potential risk to receiving ecosystems, since they may develop an invasive behavior, negatively affecting the native diversity and causing, in some cases, economic losses. The Cantabrian Sea (southern Bay of Biscay) is considered a potential area for the successful establishment of alien species. It is an area influenced by the Gulf Stream with a gradient of warmer water, and delimited northwards and westwards by regions with colder waters. On the other hand, during the last decades, there has been an increasing on the average water temperature in associated to global warming (IPCC, 2007). Figure 1. A. transversa, B. Anadara kagoshimensis, C. Mercenaria mercenaria, D. Ensis directus.

First record in Introduction Species Native range Distribution in Bay of Biscay Status Impact Reference Phylum Mollusca Bay of Biscay vector Bioturbation, habitat alteration, Arias & Anadón Class Ensis directus (Conrad, 1843) NW Atlantic 2000 Otur, Gijón, Villaviciosa (Asturias) Ballast water Invasive competition for space and food 2012 Order Adapedonta Eo, Otur, Oviñana, Luanco, Avilés, Gijón, Villaviciosa (Asturias), San Ruditapes philippinarum (Adams & Reeve, Competition with other filter feeding Martínez & Family Pharidae NW Pacific 1976 Vicente de la Barquera, Santander (Cantabria), Bilbao (Basque Aquaculture Invasive 1850) bivalves Adarraga 2006 Ensis directus Country) Arias & Anadón Order Venerida Mercenaria mercenaria (Linnaeus, 1758) NW Atlantic 1978 Oviñana (Asturias) Aquaculture Established Sediment characteristics alteration 2012 Family Veneridae Zorita et al. Ruditapes philippinarum 2007 Established - Petricolaria pholadiformis (Lamarck, 1818) NW Atlantic Nervión (Basque Country) Unclear 2009 Mercenaria mercenaria Eo, Oviñana, Luanco, Avilés, Gijón, Villaviciosa, Ribadesella, Llanes Habitat alteration -bioconstruction-, Petricolaria pholadiformis Cassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) NW Pacific 1976 Aquaculture Invasive Arias et al 2012 (Asturias), San Vicente de la Barquera, Santander (Cantabria) competition with native species Order Mediterranean Sea and adjacent Pejovic et al. Family stentina Payraudeau, 1826 2014 Avilés (Asturias) Unclear Established - Atlantic 2016 Cassostrea gigas Miralles et al. 2016 Established - Ostrea stentina trossulus Gould, 1850 N Pacific Figueras, Luarca, Cudillero, Gijón, Villaviciosa, Llanes (Asturias) Unclear 2016 Adarraga & Order Competition against native , Shipping and Martínez 2012; Family Xenostrobus securis (Lamarck, 1819) New Zealand and Australia 2012 Nervión (Basque Country), Avilés (Asturias) Invasive nutrient cycling alteration, oxigen ballast water Pejovic et al. reduction, bioturbation, bioaccumulation 2016 Xenostrobus securis Pejovic et al. minimus (Poli, 1795) Mediterranean Sea 2014 Gijón (Asturias) Unclear Cryptogenic - 2016 Habitat alteration -change of physical senhousia Bachelet et al. (Benson, 1842) NW Pacific 2008 Bidasoa (Basque Country) Aquaculture Established environment by means of a byssal threads 2009 sp. "carpet"-, bioturbation Order Perna sp. Tropical and subtropical E Atlantic 1977 Villaviciosa (Asturias) Unclear Established - Ortea 1977 Family Arcidae Habitat alteration, bioturbation and Fernández- Anadara trasnversa Anadara transversa (Say, 1822) NW Atlantic 2011 Villaviciosa, Eo (Asturias) Aquaculture Established bioconstruction Rodríguez et al. Anadara kagoshimensis processes 2016 Order Cardiida Anadara kagoshinensis (Tokunaga, 1906) Central Indian, W Pacific 1994 Eo (Asturias) Aquaculture Established Competition with native bivalves Bañón et al. 2015 Comercial Family Semelidae Habitat alteration, biogeochemical cycles Adarraga & Theora lubrica Gould, 1861 E Asia 2010 Nervión, Pasajes (Basque Country) shipping, Established Theora lubrica alteration, bioaccumulation Martínez 2011 ballast water Superfamily Galeommatoidea Martínez & Bornia geoffroyi (Payraudeau, 1826) Mediterranean Sea 2005 Donostia (Basque Country) Unclear Cryptogenic - Family Kelliidae Adarraga 2005 Bornia geoffroyi

CURRENT SITUATION

Over the last decades the alien species that have reached the Cantabrian Sea have increased considerably. The main introduction vector is the aquaculture activities, although it is indubitable that the shipping activities and the ballast water are also important factors. This updated checklist gathers 13 alien bivalve species and 2 cryptogenic species reported from the Bay of Biscay. Only four of them have developed an invasive behavior in the Cantabrian Sea; however, nine species are established in this area, and most of them have a certain potential to become invasive. Therefore, monitoring studies of these species are a priority in order to evaluate the evolution of both their status and their expansion rate.

REFERENCES

1. Arias, A., Richter, A. and Anadón, N. (2012). Estado actual de los moluscos marinos no autóctonos en aguas del Cantábrico. 4º Congreso Nacional sobre Especies Exóticas Invasoras (EEI), Notas científicas: 99-103. 2. Arias, A., and Anadón, N. (2012). First record of Mercenaria mercenaria (Bivalvia: Veneridae) and Ensis directus (Bivalvia: Pharidae) on Bay of Biscay, Iberian Peninsula. J. Shellfish Res. 31(1), 57-60. 3. Fernández-Rodríguez, I., Bañón, R., Anadón, N., and Arias, A. (2016). First record of Anadara transversa (Say, 1822) (Bivalvia: Arcidae) in the Bay of Biscay. Cah. Biol. Mar. 57(3), 277-280. 4. IPCC (2001). Climate Change: The Scientific Basis. Cambridge University Press. 5. Pejovic, I., Ardura, A., Miralles, L., Arias, A., Borrell, Y.J., and García-Vázquez, E. (2016). DNA barcoding for assessment of exotic molluscs associated with maritime ports in northern Iberia. Mar. Biol. Res. 12(2), 168-176.

Figure 2. A. Ruditapes philippinarum, B. Cassostrea gigas, C. Perna sp., D. Arcuatula senhousia.

XIX Iberian Symposium on Marine Biology Studies (XIX SIEBM). Porto, 2016

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