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Accessible TV Viewers Expect Broadcasters to Provide More Than Just Pictures and Sound
DOWNLOAD BEYOND THE HEADLINES Accessible TV Viewers expect broadcasters to provide more than just pictures and sound. BY PETER BLATCHFORD losed-caption subtitling The past cue the subtitle fi le with the matching and audio description are Historically, there was an occasional video fi le name on the transmission two increasingly popular requirement to add closed-caption system, and the two fi les would play service additions to mod- subtitles to selected programs, typical- out synchronically . A hardware inser- Cern TV channel output. Providing tion device would insert the subtitle ly high-profi le dramas and documen- access for people with hearing and taries. Consequently, subtitle manage- fi le in real time — typically onto line sight impairments is not the only ment developed as a manual process. A 335 using the World System Teletext driving factor. Programs subtitled videotape recording would be dubbed (WST). To ensure redundancy, there with multiple languages enable TV to produce a VHS copy, and this would would typically be two hot-swappable channels to increase their audience be delivered to the subtitle authoring inserters, possibly with an automated fi gures through wider distribution, department for fi le preparation . failover capability. For occasional which is especially useful in Eastern The completed subtitle fi le, contain- program subtitling, this system oper- ated successfully, although not entirely Channel program schedule without problems . Things have changed UK government legislation has Check existing incrementally raised the level of sub- Extract subtitle subtitle archive requirement titling required from terrestrial chan- nels. The BBC has committed itself to Collect required browse providing subtitles on all of its output Create subtitle job list media or create browse by 2008. -
BBC SOUND BROADCASTING Its Engineering Development
Published by the British Broadcorrmn~Corporarion. 35 Marylebone High Sneer, London, W.1, and printed in England by Warerlow & Sons Limited, Dunsruble and London (No. 4894). BBC SOUND BROADCASTING Its Engineering Development PUBLISHED TO MARK THE 4oTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BBC AUGUST 1962 THE BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION SOUND RECORDING The Introduction of Magnetic Tape Recordiq Mobile Recording Eqcupment Fine-groove Discs Recording Statistics Reclaiming Used Magnetic Tape LOCAL BROADCASTING. STEREOPHONIC BROADCASTING EXTERNAL BROADCASTING TRANSMITTING STATIONS Early Experimental Transmissions The BBC Empire Service Aerial Development Expansion of the Daventry Station New Transmitters War-time Expansion World-wide Audiences The Need for External Broadcasting after the War Shortage of Short-wave Channels Post-war Aerial Improvements The Development of Short-wave Relay Stations Jamming Wavelmrh Plans and Frwencv Allocations ~ediumrwaveRelav ~tatik- Improvements in ~;ansmittingEquipment Propagation Conditions PROGRAMME AND STUDIO DEVELOPMENTS Pre-war Development War-time Expansion Programme Distribution Post-war Concentration Bush House Sw'tching and Control Room C0ntimn.t~Working Bush House Studios Recording and Reproducing Facilities Stag Economy Sound Transcription Service THE MONITORING SERVICE INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION CO-OPERATION IN THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH ENGINEERING RECRUITMENT AND TRAINING ELECTRICAL INTERFERENCE WAVEBANDS AND FREQUENCIES FOR SOUND BROADCASTING MAPS TRANSMITTING STATIONS AND STUDIOS: STATISTICS VHF SOUND RELAY STATIONS TRANSMITTING STATIONS : LISTS IMPORTANT DATES BBC ENGINEERING DIVISION MONOGRAPHS inside back cover THE BEGINNING OF BROADCASTING IN THE UNITED KINGDOM (UP TO 1939) Although nightly experimental transmissions from Chelmsford were carried out by W. T. Ditcham, of Marconi's Wireless Telegraph Company, as early as 1919, perhaps 15 June 1920 may be looked upon as the real beginning of British broadcasting. -
Report on Information and Communication for Development
Policy and Research Programme on Role of Media and Communication in Development Final Project Report April 2010 – March 2012 Grant Reference Number: AG4601 MIS Code: 732-620-029 Contact: James Deane, Head of Policy [email protected] BBC Media Action Bush House, PO Box 76, Strand, London WC2B 4PH Telephone +44 (0) 207 557 2462, Fax +44 (0)207 379 1622, E-mail: [email protected] www.bbcworldservicetrust.org 2 BBC Media Action Policy and Research Programme on the Role of Media and Communication in Democratic Development INTRODUCTION This is the final report of the Policy and Research Programme on the Role of Media and Communication Development. It provides a narrative overview of progress and impact between April 2010 and March 2012 of the DFID funded Policy and Research Programme on the Role of Media in Development, building on an earlier report submitted for activities carried out between April 2010 and March 2011. In 2006 the Department for International Development (DFID) allocated £2.5 million over five years for the establishment of a 'Policy and Research Programme on the Role of Media and Communication in Development' to be managed by BBC Media Action (formerly the BBC World Service Trust). The Programme ran from July 2006 through to March 2012, including a no-cost extension. A small additional contribution to the Programme from the Swedish International Development Agency was received over the period (approximately £300,000 over the period 2009- 2012). In November 2011, DFID reached agreement with the BBC World Service Trust (since January 2012, renamed as BBC Media Action) for a new Global Grant amounting to £90 million over five years. -
Annual Review 2008 Creative Partnerships in International Development Introduction
Annual Review 2008 Creative partnerships in international development introduction Mission The BBC World Service Trust uses media and Why media and communication to reduce poverty and promote human rights, thereby enabling people to build better lives for themselves. communication matters Vision We believe that independent and vibrant media are critical to the development of free and just societies. We live on a planet rich in resources We share the BBC’s ambition to strengthen the exchange and yet more than three billion people of accurate, impartial and reliable information to enable try to survive on less than $2.50 a day. people to make informed decisions. Our inspiration is a Many people in developing countries world in which individuals and civil society use media and are confronted with desperately diffi cult communications to become effective participants in their challenges: hunger, HIV and AIDS, own political, economic, social and cultural development. population growth, climate change, war, and the daily grind of poverty. The work is structured in three regions: Africa, Asia and Europe, Middle East and Central Asia. We are also When considering global inequality, there is involved in cross-cutting activities, including policy, public still the overarching perception among the affairs and business development that span all regions. general public and many people working for development agencies that the chief Our work focuses on two main areas, media development and importance of the media is to draw public development communications, and is delivered through four attention – especially in rich countries – to overarching themes: emergency response, governance the plight of people living in poverty. -
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Worlddmb Global Update Digital Radio Broadcasting Using the DAB Family of Standards Global Overview Digital
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: WorldDMB Global Update Digital radio broadcasting using the DAB family of standards Global overview Digital radio is making significant advances across Europe with national services now firmly established in the UK, Norway, Switzerland, Denmark, Germany and Netherlands – all with coverage levels of over 90%. Recent months have seen several important developments for DAB digital radio: Norway will switch off FM in 2017 Switzerland has announced its plans for DSO (Digital Switchover) between 2020 and 2024 In Germany, following public broadcaster ARD’s long term commitment to DAB+ in November 2014, the Ministry for Transport and Digital Infrastructure has made clear its strong support and has established a new cross-industry Steering Board to drive forward the adoption of digital radio The UK has launched a major programme to build out national and local DAB coverage, and the licence for a second national commercial multiplex has been awarded, with up to 15 new stations on air in early 2016. Denmark has issued a clear roadmap for digital radio, with a transition to DAB+ by end 2016 and a decision on DSO when 50% of listening is digital The Netherlands has seen the launch (Sept 2013) and strong marketing of national DAB+ services. The next phase of development takes place in 2015 with the launch of regional services. In Italy, in March the regulator AgCom issued licences in three new regions; the coverage of national services is being extended in the South of Italy and Sicily and a plan of frequencies for local digital radio in 40 new regions has been published and AgCom will most likely publish the rules to extend DAB+ services in the new local areas by this summer. -
ABBREVIATIONS EBU Technical Review
ABBREVIATIONS EBU Technical Review AbbreviationsLast updated: January 2012 720i 720 lines, interlaced scan ACATS Advisory Committee on Advanced Television 720p/50 High-definition progressively-scanned TV format Systems (USA) of 1280 x 720 pixels at 50 frames per second ACELP (MPEG-4) A Code-Excited Linear Prediction 1080i/25 High-definition interlaced TV format of ACK ACKnowledgement 1920 x 1080 pixels at 25 frames per second, i.e. ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio 50 fields (half frames) every second ACM Adaptive Coding and Modulation 1080p/25 High-definition progressively-scanned TV format ACS Adjacent Channel Selectivity of 1920 x 1080 pixels at 25 frames per second ACT Association of Commercial Television in 1080p/50 High-definition progressively-scanned TV format Europe of 1920 x 1080 pixels at 50 frames per second http://www.acte.be 1080p/60 High-definition progressively-scanned TV format ACTS Advanced Communications Technologies and of 1920 x 1080 pixels at 60 frames per second Services AD Analogue-to-Digital AD Anno Domini (after the birth of Jesus of Nazareth) 21CN BT’s 21st Century Network AD Approved Document 2k COFDM transmission mode with around 2000 AD Audio Description carriers ADC Analogue-to-Digital Converter 3DTV 3-Dimension Television ADIP ADress In Pre-groove 3G 3rd Generation mobile communications ADM (ATM) Add/Drop Multiplexer 4G 4th Generation mobile communications ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project ADR Automatic Dialogue Replacement 3GPP2 3rd Generation Partnership -
World-Class Infrastructure Which Enables Citizens to Connect to High
Connectivity World-class infrastructure which enables citizens to connect to high-speed internet. 1 About SENTECH SENTECH is all about connecting you to the world and connecting the world to you. SENTECH SOC Limited is a State-Owned Company operating in the ICT sector. SENTECH offers digital content delivery services to Public and Commercial entities. In keeping abreast with rapid changes in the information and cyber physical society, SENTECH’s product and service offering has expanded to include SENTECH CONNECT which is Connectivity tailored for all sectors in rural and underserviced areas. 2 Connectivity Connectivity Technology SENTECH CONNECT provides high speed broadband access, always Broadband Access Network on Internet connection for government facilities in hard-to-reach areas in South Africa with a IP Core/Edge Networks minimum speed of 10Mbps scalable to 100Mbps. The network enables data, voice, video IP/MPLS Networks and other multimedia applications for any device, any network, anywhere and for Data Centre Solutions any business use. Our team designs networks and implements state-of- the-art fully integrated Transmission/Backhaul Solutions solutions for the following broadband access technologies: 3 Connectivity Technology SENTECH CONNECT offers five services, namely: 1. Broadband Access Networks 5G Features: SENTECH CONNECT provides high speed broadband access, • Supports voice, video calling, data and other multi-media always on Internet connection for government facilities in the communications, underserviced areas with a minimum speed of 10mbps scalable • Higher voice service quality compared to 4G services, to 100mbps. The network enables data, voice, video and other • Provide download speeds of 14.4 megabits per second and multimedia applications for business use. -
Chapter 4 South Africa: the Internet Wars
Negotiating the Net 4/1/2005 - 1 – ________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 4 SOUTH AFRICA: THE INTERNET WARS Introduction It was an eleven page fax, unsigned, with a Telkom cover sheet, addressed to ISPA, the Internet Service Providers Association. And it confirmed their suspicions. Things were coming to a head. Only a few days previously, on 11 June 1996, Telkom, South Africa’s giant, state-owned telecommunications monopoly on whose networks the internet and e-mail traffic of the entire client base of the ISPs depended, had finally entered the fray. The months of informal pilot testing, which the various private sector ISPs had anxiously been monitoring, had ended. A major new ISP for them to contend with had officially been launched. SAIX, the South African Internet eXchange, was now out there, in their market. Since Telkom's pre-commercial testing had begun on 1 October of the previous year, they and the other ISPs had talked of little else. An ISP operated by the incumbent could mean no-holds-barred competition for clients (particularly the profitable corporates, whose leased lines were rented from Telkom, making the telephone monopoly privy to their entire client database), including cross-subsidies and predatory pricing. Already many of them knew of informal approaches to their own clients - and the carrot of cheaper prices. Five ISP representatives had met to discuss the growing threat - Dave Frankel of Internet Solution, Jon Oliver of GIA, Mark Todes of Internet Africa, Steve Corkin of Sprint, and Internet activist Ant Brooks. With the support of other ISPs, they had planned the formation of an Internet Service Providers Association. -
ATVOD Working Group on Access Services (WGAS)
1 ATVOD Working Group on Access Services (WGAS) Report prepared by Nick Tanton Introduction The perceived ease with which viewers can now get access services with linear TV in the UK 1 makes it hard for users/customers to understand why on-demand services generally lag behind in accessibility. The end-to-end chain (content acquisition, versioning, scheduling, delivery and presentation) for on-demand generally differs substantially from that of linear TV. Some processes are (or could be) the same or similar whilst others are not; some also may apply to one on-demand service provider but not to another. In particular the species (and sometimes generational variants) of end-user equipment are diverse and some may not have been designed a priori with accessibility in mind. For on-demand content there are no insuperable barriers to providing subtitles for Hard-of-Hearing people or Audio Description for Blind and Partially Sighted users. However there are various practical technical and commercial challenges which a regulator or service provider may need to recognise and to address if these access services are to be made available in a realisable and usable form to the end-user. For any particular service provider, the mix and impact of these challenges depends on the delivery platform(s) on which they have a presence, their role within a particular delivery chain and their business model. The content of this report represents a distillation of understanding from within the ATVOD Working Group on Access Services (WGAS) and input from individual companies who have participated in those discussions. -
Sentech Strategic Plan 20/21-24/25 & Annual
SENTECH STRATEGIC PLAN 20/21-24/25 & ANNUAL PERFORMANCE PLAN 2020/21–2021/22 REVISED VERSION APRIL 2020 1 SENTECH SOC LTD Corporate Plan FY2020/21 -2024/25 ABBREVIATIONS Ad Advertisement ARC Audit and Risk Committee ASO Analogue Switch-Off ATV Analogue Television B2B Business to Business B-BBEE Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Board Accounting Authority BSD Broadcasting Signal Distribution BTR Business Television and Radio BTV Business Television CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate CEO Chief Executive Officer CFO Chief Financial Officer COO Chief Operations Officer CPI Consumer Price Index CRM Customer Relations Management CSI Corporate Social Investment CSS Customer Satisfaction Survey DCDT Department of Communications and Digital Technologies DTH-S Direct-to-Home Satellite DTPS Department of Telecommunications and Postal Services DTT Digital Terrestrial Television EBIT Earnings Before Interest and Tax E&M Entertainment and Media ECA Electronic Communications Act, No. 36 of 2005 ECNS Electronic Communications Network Services ECS Electronic Communications Services EE Employment Equity EMEA Europe, the Middle East and Africa ESD Enterprise Supplier Development EXCO Executive Committee FM Frequency Modulation FTA Free-To-Air FY Financial Year GDP Gross Domestic Product ICASA Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (Regulatory Authority) ICT Information and Communications Technology ISA International Standard on Auditing 320 I-ECNS Individual Electronic Communications Network Services I-ECS Individual Electronic Communications -
Saa5x9x Family Economy Teletext and TV Microcontrollers
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DATA SHEET SAA5x9x family Economy teletext and TV microcontrollers Preliminary specification 1997 Jul 07 File under Integrated Circuits, IC02 Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification Economy teletext and TV microcontrollers SAA5x9x family CONTENTS 9.7 Language group identification 9.8 525-line operation 1 FEATURES 9.9 On Screen Display characters 1.1 General 9.10 Control characters 1.2 Microcontroller 9.11 Quadruple width display (SAA549x) 1.3 Teletext acquisition 9.12 Page attributes 1.4 Teletext Display 9.13 Display modes 1.5 Additional features of SAA529xA devices 9.14 On Screen Display boxes 1.6 Additional features of SAA549x devices 9.15 Screen colour 9.16 Redefinable Colours (SAA549x) 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 9.17 Cursor 3 ORDERING INFORMATION 9.18 Other display features 4 QUICK REFERENCE DATA 9.19 Display timing 5 BLOCK DIAGRAM 9.20 Horizontal timing 9.21 Vertical timing 6 PINNING INFORMATION 9.22 Display position 6.1 Pinning 9.23 Clock generator 6.2 Pin description 10 CHARACTER SETS 7 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 10.1 Pan-European 7.1 Microcontroller 10.2 Russian 7.2 80C51 Features not supported 10.3 Greek/Turkish 7.3 Additional features 10.4 Arabic/English/French 7.4 Microcontroller interfacing 10.5 Thai 8 TELETEXT DECODER 10.6 Arabic/Hebrew 8.1 Data slicer 11 LIMITING VALUES 8.2 Acquisition timing 12 CHARACTERISTICS 8.3 Teletext acquisition 13 CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE I2C-BUS 8.4 Rolling headers and time INTERFACE 8.5 Error checking 8.6 Memory organisation of SAA5296/7, 14 QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS SAA5296/7A and -
The BBC World Service Trust Is the BBC's International Charity. It Uses
EducationEducation UpdateUpdate JULY 2008 The BBC World Service Trust is the BBC’s international charity. It uses media and communication to reduce poverty and promote human rights, thereby enabling Schoolchildren raise people to build their hands in class in southern Africa better lives. The BBC World Service Trust and Education We use media – radio broadcasts, audio classroom materials, television programmes and print publications – to support education and teacher training. We work in partnership with government departments, educational institutions and NGOs to ensure that our programmes complement, support and extend their work. Our educational initiatives fall into three broad categories: Literacy for life – basic education • for adults Teacher training • Advocating education • Giacomo PIROZZI/PANOS PICTURES SIGN UP FOR OUR MONTHLY E-NEWSLETTER: BBCWORLDSERVICETRUST.ORG Education Update Sharing stories: teachers Three of the and pupils take part in a BBC World recording Service Trust’s major projects involve distance/open learning: Teacher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa (TESSA) Somali Radio Teacher iLearn to equip primary school teachers with teaching skills in Teacher Education in the key areas of literacy, numeracy, science, life skills, Sub-Saharan Africa social studies and the arts. Audio training material – TESSA The BBC World Service Trust team in Nigeria created The BBC World Service Trust has been working 30, three to four minute mini dramas. These modelled with the TESSA consortium of fourteen African scenarios which teachers might encounter during their educational institutions and the Open University working lives. They are now a valuable audio resource UK, to create audio materials for training primary for use in teacher training on the TESSA website.