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Národopisná Revue 18, No N Á R O D O P I S N Á 5/2013 JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY 5/2013 – AUTHORS OF STUDIES AND MATERIALS: PhDr. Barbora Půtová, Ph.D., (*1985) graduated in Culturology from the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague. Since 2012, she has worked there as a lecturer; currently she is an assistant at the Institute of Ethnology at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University. Her main research interest is the anthropology of art: Upper Paleolithic and Neolithic art. Contact: [email protected] PhDr. Stanislav BRoUČEK, CSc., (*1947) graduated in Czech language from the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague (1965–1970). Since 1974, he has been working at the Institute of Ethnology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic in Prague. Apart from the history of the Czech language and the theory of ethnicity, his research focuses on migrations (Czech ethnic group abroad or immigration to the Czech Republic, e.g. Vietnamese ethnic group). Contact: [email protected] Doc. PhDr. MARtINA PAvLICová, Ph.D., (*1964) graduated in Ethnology from the Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University in Brno, and continued with an internal research assistantship there. Since 1992 she has been working at the Institute of European Ethnology at Masaryk University. Apart from the theory of ethnology and historiography, she focuses especially on the study of folklore and folklorism. She has been the editor of the Journal of Ethnology since 1998. Contact: [email protected] PhDr. LUCIE UHLÍKová, Ph.D., (*1969) graduated in Musicology and Ethnology from the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University in Brno. Since 1994, she has been working at the Brno branch of the Institute of Ethnology of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic; since 1998, she has held the post of secretary and executive editor of the Journal of Ethnology. In addition to ethnic stereotypes in folk culture and present-day society, her research interests are folklorism, musical folklore and the the editing of folklore sources. Contact: [email protected] Mgr. Martin ŠIMŠA (*1974) graduated in History and Ethnology from the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University in Brno; he works at the National Institute of Folk Culture in Strážnice. He concentrates on traditional handicrafts with a focus on textile, wood, and ceramic materials with respect to the production of tiles for stoves and the construction of tiled stoves. His other research interest is European folk and historical clothing. Contact: [email protected] PhDr. Petr JANEČEK, Ph.D., (*1978) graduated in Ethnology from the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, and in Humanities from the Faculty of Humanities, Charles University in Prague. He works as a lecturer for the Seminar of Folkloristics at the Institute of Ethnology, the Faculty of Arts, Charles University. His professional interests include prosaic folklore and the theory, methodology and history of folkloristics; nowadays, he deals especially with contemporary (urban) legends, rumours and anecdotes. Contact: [email protected] PhDr. Hana DvoŘáKová (*1948) graduated in Ethnology from the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University in Brno. She is the head of the Ethnographic Institute of the Moravian Museum in Brno and a curator there as well. She focuses on folk religiosity and minor themes related to traditional culture. Contact: [email protected] N Á R O D O P I S N Á 5/2013 JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY CONTENTS Studies and articles Moving Beyond Borders: Vráz, Frič and Kořenský (Barbora Půtová) 3 On Reflection of the Past in Memory. Czechs in the Republic of South Africa (Stanislav Brouček) 19 Folklore Movement and its Function in the Totalitarian Society (on an example of the Czech Republic in the 2nd half of the 20th century) (Martina Pavlicová, Lucie Uhlíková) 31 Long Woollen Cloth Trousers – Medieval Heritage or Carpathian Attribution of Shepherd Culture? (Martin Šimša) 43 Current Studies of Games and Play in the Czech Republic (Petr Janeček) 57 Materials String Games in František Pospíšil’s Photo Documentation (Hana Dvořáková) 68 Czech Traditional Culture and the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (Eva Románková) 76 The List of Intangible Elements of Traditional Folk Culture of the Czech Republic (Eva Románková) 80 Reports The Institute of Ethnology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (Zdeněk Uherek) 82 The National Institute of Folk Culture (Jan Krist) 82 The Institute of Ethnology of the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague (Petr Janeček) 84 The Institute of European Ethnology at the Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University in Brno (Miroslav Válka) 87 Czech Ethnological Society (Daniel Drápala, Eva Románková) 89 Czech Association for Social Anthropology (Zdeněk Uherek) 89 Musaionfilm: the Museum Film Festival in Uherský Brod (Aleš Kapsa) 90 Folk Crafts and Folk Art Manufacture in the Czech Republic (Martin Šimša) 91 Book Reviews / Review essays Stanislav Brouček, and Richard Jeřábek, eds. Lidová kultura. Národopisná encyklopedie Čech, Moravy a Slezska / Folk Culture. Ethnographic Encyclopaedia of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia (Miroslav Válka) 91 Culture, Society, Traditions: Collection of Studies from Ethnology, Folkloristics and Sociocultural Anthropology I–IV (Zdeněk Uherek) 93 Ethnological Studies and Ethnological Materials: Edition Series of the Institute of European Ethnology at Masaryk University in Brno (Alena Křížová) 94 Alena Křížová, and Martin Šimša. Lidový oděv na Moravě a ve Slezsku I. Ikonografické prameny do roku 1850 / Traditional Folk Dress in Moravia and Silesia I. Iconographic Sources until 1850 (Alena Jeřábková) 95 Editorial 96 Summary 96 MovINg BEyoND BoRDERS: vRáz, FRIČ AND KoŘENSKý Barbora Půtová While different versions of the real world, which are norms. In travel books, the different is transformed into created by descriptive texts, have been modified over the other within the intentions of the author’s personality and over and attacked as false ones, the fiction world and culture. The traveller’s own interpretation of the – as constructs determined by the text – can be neither world is at the same time emphasized and consolidated changed nor cancelled. by means of the strange and the different. The travel Lubomír Doležel book genre, which forms and structures the social reality, has been influenced significantly by the persistence of The present study is devoted to three little so far cultural stereotypes (Gergen 1994). In a travel book, unappreciated Czech travellers who – during their travels the hegemonic thinking of its author has been a priori to foreign countries – went beyond the cultural borders that encoded. Moreover, the creation of a travel book is part separated the world of Europeans from the exotic world of a dynamic process of interaction among individual of “the other”. Like ethnography, this focused on stories writers. Anybody who deals with the theme of otherness of people in ethnic groups other than their own with the in his/her writing must define and limit it within the context intention to describe, understand, and interpret a different of the writings of other people. cultural reality. These travellers, balancing between A certain kind of narrative discourse, which forms belles-lettres, ethnography and ethnology, included in the structures of typical images and motives, becomes their travel books ethnographic material, presented in the part of travel texts. Each object of exploration as well as form of involved observation, photographs from exotic a literary text is the subject of a certain narrativization. It environments, and artefacts. From this point of view, does not exist but as a correlate of a certain discourse their work can be declared an important milestone in the formation only. The consideration and creation of a text history of ethnographic thinking, as well as the source by passes through epistemic violence and it is the subject means of which the phenomenon of authentic exoticism of power that is exerted over the text. Based on the reached the Czech lands. processes of selection and organization of the themes, A topos exotic1 is characterized by the attractiveness the text is given a meaningful form and derives an order and disclosure of the unknown, strange, and dangerous. of disciplines that describes it. An author of a travel The travel and colonial discourse arose as a secondary book participates in the reflection and reproduction of consequence of discovering, getting to know and statements that relate to his/her scientific competence, understand cultures that existed beyond the horizon of rate of knowledge, and power (Foucault 1971; Said Jewish-Christian society (Connelly 1995). Apart from 1977; Miňovská-Pickettová 1998; Barbaras 2003). colonialism, the construction of the phenomenon of Usually in contrast to aboriginal people, travel books exoticism was significantly contributed by travellers feature the travellers’ interest in exotic artefacts, animate who reflected the ethnocentric interpretation of foreign and inanimate products of nature (Rozhoň 2005). When cultures in their travel books, diaries and reports, which collecting tribal art and artistic artefacts, travellers take often resulted in concealing, distorting, or annihilating the given selected items out of their original context. an objective exotic reality. The travellers’ wonder at As a result, these items were viewed as ridiculous, exoticism often related to the desire of the Europeans decorative, ugly or as caricatures. Native art presented
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