Final Program Climate Change and Impact Assessment

Special Symposium Aalborg, Denmark 25-26 October 2010

International Association for Impact Assessment www.iaia.org

Symposium Host

Sponsors

Media Partners TM ■ ■ ■ Welcome Welcome to Aalborg

Climate change represents one of the most signifi cant challenges of our time. Th e impacts have both global and local dimensions, and require actions from global ‘deals’ to citizens’ actions. Th e climate challenge is It is a pleasure to made up by a broad range of challenges like complexity, unpredictability, distribution of impact and inequality, risk of trade-off s between climate welcome all of you to change and other environmental concerns, uncertainty and uncertainty avoidance, capacity building, and not least, ‘governance landscaping’ for Aalborg and to the IAIA handling climate change. Special Symposium During the symposium, we will focus on challenges and opportunities, including aspects of mitigation as well as adaptation, and on how assess- on Climate Change and ment methodologies in combination with planning, policy and decision- making can help handle climate challenges. Impact Assessment! Th e timing of the symposium is special and important! We hope it will provide a thought-provoking and creative environment for all partici- pants, and will foster mutual understanding, inspiration and solutions for the range of climate challenges. Table of contents Let us make the symposium a new impetus for enhancing and strength- Welcome ...... 2 ening the dimension of climate change in impact assessment, and for Daily Agenda ...... 4 strengthening the climate component in planning and policy-making. Overview of Agenda ...... 6 Th e symposium scientifi c committee, all theme leaders, members of DCEA, Keynote Addresses ...... 6 and IAIA Headquarters staff are dedicated to making your stay produc- Th emes ...... 8 tive and fun. We warmly thank them all and everyone else who has Nordic Research Day in Impact helped . We are also sincerely appreciative of the sponsorship and support Assessment ...... 24 provided by Th e Obel Foundation, Th e Municipality of Aalborg, Th e Miljøvurderingsdag / Danish North Denmark Region, Th e Port of Aalborg, Scandinavian Airlines Environmental Assessment Day ...... 25 (SAS), Siemens Wind Power, Aalborg University and DCEA. General Information ...... 26 During the symposium, we hope you will not hesitate to ask any member Symposium Locations (Maps) ...... 27 of the IAIA Headquarters team or DCEA to help you with information Hosts & Committees ...... 28 and ideas.

Most sincerely, Conference Venue Lone Kørnøv Jonathan Allotey Aalborg Congress & Culture Centre Chair of the Symposium IAIA President Europa Plads 4 9000 Aalborg, Denmark Tel: +45 9935 5555 E-mail: [email protected] www.akkc.dk

2 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Daily Agenda Sunday 24th October Tuesday 26th October 18.00 – 19.30 Opening Reception and Registration 08.00 Registration Opens at the Aalborg Museum of Modern Art, 09.00 – 10.30 Parallel Sessions KUNSTEN ■ Embedding Climate Change in Professional Practice II (Hall East) ■ Health Impact Assessment I Monday 25th October ■ Decision Making & Governance 08.00 Registration Opens ■ Landscape & Ecosystem Services I ■ Scenarios and Future Th inking for Impact 09.00 – 10.30 Plenary Assessment in a Changing Climate II ■ Dr. Ross Marshall, keynote speaker ■ Professor Nicholas Stern, video 11.00 – 12.30 Plenary 11.00 – 12.30 Parallel Sessions ■ Prof. Viriato Soromenho-Marques, ■ Danish Environmental Assessment Day keynote speaker (Hall East) ■ André Jol, keynote speaker ■ Social Impact Assessment I 12.30 – 13.30 Lunch ■ Waste Management Strategies & Plans I ■ Climate Change & Development 13.30 – 15.00 Parallel Sessions Cooperation I ■ Embedding Climate Change in ■ Climate Change & Infrastructure I Professional Practice III (Hall East) ■ Health Impact Assessment II: Workshop 12.30 – 13.30 Lunch ■ Urban Planning & Regional Strategies 13.30 – 15.00 Parallel Sessions ■ Landscape & Ecosystem Services II ■ Danish Environmental Assessment Day II ■ Carbon Calculators II (Hall East) 15.30 – 17.00 Closing Plenary ■ Social Impact Assessment II ■ Waste Management Strategies & Plans II ■ Climate Change & Development Wednesday 27th October Cooperation II 09.00 – 17.00 Nordic Research Day ■ Climate Change & Infrastructure II 09.00 – 17.00 Technical Visits 15.00 – 16.00 Poster Session 16.00 – 16.30 Plenary ■ Eric Berlow, keynote speaker 16.30 – 18.00 Parallel Sessions ■ Embedding Climate Change in Professional Practice I (Hall East) ■ Carbon Calculators I ■ Water & Climate Change ■ Scenarios and Future Th inking for Impact Assessment in a Changing Climate I A work of art ■ Climate Change & Infrastructure III 19.30 Conference Dinner at Nordkraft entitled “Th e Climate Challenge” will be created by local painter Lars Bonde during the symposium.

All participants will contribute.

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 3 Overview of Parallel Sessions

Hall East Gæstesalen Monday 11.00-12.30 Environmental Assessment Day I Social Impact Assessment I Erfaringer med klimaændringer i Assessing resource-dependency & miljøvurdering vulnerability Page 25 Page 15

13.30-15.00 Environmental Assessment Day II Social Impact Assessment II Initiativer for klimaændringer i Responsiveness to climate change miljøvurdering adaptation policies Page 25 Page 15

16.30-18.00 Embedding Climate Change Carbon Calculators I in Professional Practice I A view of diff erent carbon calculators A view of existing mechanisms for for local authorities – opportunities and integrating Climate Change into challenges for future IA practice professional IA practice Page 11 Page 8

Tuesday 9.00-10.30 Embedding Climate Change Health Impact Assessment I in Professional Practice II HIA and climate: State of the art and From challenge to opportunity: Identifying institutional approaches what needs to be done to embed climate Page 10 change in IA practice Page 8

13.30-15.00 Embedding Climate Change Health Impact Assessment II: in Professional Practice III Workshop Shaping the European Commission’s Th e future needs and themes for Health forthcoming: Practical guidance and Impact Assessment in the context of recommendations for integrating climate Climate Change change and biodiversity into EIA/SEA Page 10 procedures Page 8

4 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Overview of Parallel Sessions

Radiosalen Musiksalen Latinerstuen Waste Management Climate Change & Climate Change & Strategies & Plans I Development Cooperation I Infrastructure I Waste management strategies, SEA and Mapping the knowledge base for climate A view of the current practice of climate change in the UK and other change mainstreaming impact assessment of climate change in developed countries infrastructure planning Page 14 Page 19 Page 16

Waste Management Climate Change & Climate Change & Strategies & Plans II Development Cooperation II Infrastructure II Waste management, climate change Lessons from practice Lessons from practice and SEA in India and other emerging Page 14 Page 16 economies Page 19

Water and Climate Change Scenarios and Future Th inking Climate Change & Marine and river basin water quality and for Impact Assessment in Infrastructure III ecosystem assessment and management a Changing Climate I Ways to move forward in a changing climate Water scenarios for Europe Page 16 Page 20 Page 13

Decision Making Landscape & Ecosystem Scenarios and Future Th inking & Governance Services I for Impact Assessment in Uncertain Futures: Th e State of Climate a Changing Climate II Challenges and Opportunities Change Planning in Denmark Today Scenario-building in Spitsbergen, Arctic in Using Impact Assessment Page 8 Tools in Landscape Planning Page 13 for Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Page 21 Urban Planning & Landscape & Ecosystem Carbon Calculators II Regional Strategies Services II - Round Tables Unintended consequences of using Computer Says “Not Sure”: Th e role How impact assessment tools can help carbon calculators (carbon footprint) in of path dependencies and increasing create mitigation IA and decision making: How to avoid returns in planning for climate change pitfalls Adaptation strategies that enhance Integration of climate change in urban landscapes and support ecosystem Page 11 and regional planning: Experiences services from Danish SEA Page 22 Page 19

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 5 Keynote Addresses ■ ■ ■ 25 October 2010

‘Th e Changing Role of the Professor Nicholas Stern will Impact Assessment Practitioner’ provide a video address. by Dr. Ross Marshall Professor Lord Nicholas Stern, IG Patel As a professional body of specialists, have Chair and Director, LSE Asia Research we got our focus right when seeking to Centre; EOPP Associate. act as a fulcrum between the climate sci- Professor Stern’s research and publications ence and its practice in situ, and between have focused on the economics of climate the scientifi c community and developers/ change, economic development and growth, plan makers and the wider stakeholder economic theory, tax reform, public policy community? and the role of the state and economies in Dr. Ross Marshall is Executive Manager transition. within Th e Environment Agency (UK), His fi rst books were on tea in Kenya and with responsibility for the National the Green Revolution in India (where he Environmental Assessment Service (NEAS). lived for 8 months in a village in Northern NEAS provides environmental leadership India in 1974/75). He has written books and technical support across a wide range on crime and the criminal statistics in of Agency functions, notably the £725 the UK and a few on public fi nance and million/year capital infrastructure plans development. Growth & Empowerment: and programmes for Flood & Coastal Making Development Happen was Risk Management, Navigation, Fishery published in April 2005. Th e Stern Review Conservation and Water Quality. Th e on the Economics of Climate Change team is comprised of 70 project managers was published in October 2006 (www. and technical specialists in environmental sternreview.org.uk), and in printed form management & impact assessment, Town & by Cambridge University Press in January Country Planning, Landscape Architecture, 2007. He has published more than 15 books Heritage and Archaeology. NEAS is also and 100 articles. A Blueprint for a Safer heavily involved compensating for UK Planet was published by Random House in climate change losses on Natura sites through April 2009. the creation of replacement coastal and riparian habitat. Lord Nicholas Stern was the recipient of IAIA’s 2010 Global Award. Th e Environment Agency is Europe’s biggest Environmental Regulator and a lead UK authority on Climate Change management and the UK’s major producer of EIA/SEA Reports. Ross Marshall was formerly President of the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) and a previous Board Member of IEMA. He is a visiting Senior Research Fellow at Strathclyde University’s David Livingstone Centre for Sustainability.

6 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark 26 October 2010 ■ ■ ■ Keynote Addresses

‘Simplicity on the Other Side ‘What Hinders a More Eff ective ‘Climate Change Impacts, of Complexity’ by Eric Berlow Science-Policy Interface? Vulnerability and Adaptation Climate change poses complex challeng- Lessons from the climate change in Europe’ by André Jol es for where to invest scarce resources ongoing crisis’ by Professor An overview of impacts of and vulner- into adaptation and mitigation actions. Viriato Soromenho-Marques ability to climate change in Europe, Governance is complex, environmental Th ere is no easy transition from science including indicators on the state of the sustainability decisions are complex, the to policy making. Complexity of issues, climate, impacts on terrestrial biodi- economy is complex. All have many plurality of actors, antagonistic agendas versity, marine ecosystems, freshwater interacting and interdependent compo- and the uncertainties in the social role quality and quantity, and human health nents, and one problem can cascade into and status of science are among the most and vulnerability of sectors or regions many. Th e good news is that complexity visible—although with deep-hidden such as agriculture and coastal areas. EU isn’t always complicated. Research into features—obstacles to an eff ective sci- relevant policy will be presented, includ- complex ecological systems is discover- ence-policy interface. Th e case of climate ing follow-up to the 2009 white paper ing that the more complex the system, change works like a kind of magnifying on adaptation to climate change and the ‘simpler’ it may be to understand. lens allowing us to exercise a more acute progress in mainstreaming of adaptation Th e more we step back and embrace critical judgement upon the constella- in sectoral EU policies such as the water complexity, the more chance we have of tion of problems we may identify in this framework directive. A short overview fi nding simple solutions with far-reach- crucial area of public policy framing. of national adaptation strategies will also ing impacts. be presented, as well as the development Viriato Soromenho-Marques (1957) of the EU Adaptation Clearinghouse. Eric Berlow, a TEDGlobal 2010 Fellow, teaches Political Philosophy and European is an ecologist and network scientist. He is Ideas in the Departments of Philosophy André Jol has an M.Sc. in chemical and the founding Director of Sierra Nevada and European Studies of the University environmental engineering from the Research Institute in Yosemite National of Lisbon, where he is Full Professor. Since University of Twente, Th e Netherlands. Park, where the aim is to foster synergy 1978 he has been engaged in the civic He worked for more than ten years as a among science, art, education and natural environmental movement in Portugal consultant on air pollution projects for the resource management. Further, Eric is and Europe. He is member of the National private and public sector. From 1996 he Adjunct Associate Professor at the University Council on Environment and Sustainable worked at the European Environment of California, part owner of Awaken Cafe Development (since 1998). He was Vice- Agency (EEA) in Copenhagen, Denmark, in Oakland, California—an award-win- Chair of the European Environmental and initially as project manager on air pol- ning green business—and he is a partner Sustainable Development Advisory Councils lutant emissions and greenhouse gas in a non-profi t network for sustainable network (2001-2006). He was one of the inventories, followed by head of a group eco-tourism. authors of the Portuguese National Strategy responsible for EEA work on assessment for Sustainable Development (2004). of progress for the Kyoto Protocol targets. Member of the Advisory Group on Energy Since 2009 he has led a group in EEA and Climate Change from the EC President responsible for work on climate change (since 2007). Scientifi c Coordinator of the impacts, vulnerability and adaptation, Environment Program from Calouste natural hazard risks, analysis of national Gulbenkian Foundation (since 2007). climate change adaptation strategies, costs Member of the Lisbon Academy of Sciences of adaptation, and development of an EU (since 2008). More information regarding Clearinghouse. Th e activities also include his bibliography and activities may be found contributions to various EEA assessment at www.viriatosoromenho-marques.com reports such as “State of the Environment and Outlook” (due in Nov 2010). He repre- sents EEA at various international meetings, including those of the UN Framework convention on climate change and the intergovernmental panel on climate change.

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 7 Th emes Decision Making and Governance Embedding Climate Change in Professional IA Practice Th eme leader: Tim Richardson , PhD, Professor in Urban and Mobility Studies, Department of Th eme leaders: Monica Fundingsland Tetlow, Senior Development and Planning, Aalborg University Consultant, Planning and Assessment, Asplan Viak & Global climate change brings changes to regional and local Honorary Research Fellow, University of Manchester weather patterns. Th e IPCC climate models and their regional Josh Fothergill, Senior Adviser, Environmental Assessment, and national versions predict rising temperatures, local weath- IEMA & Chair of IAIA’s Ireland & UK Branch er extremes, and changes in precipitation patterns with a range of potential local environmental consequences. Th e expected Th e strap line for IAIA’s 2010 conference in Geneva was “Th e changes and the anticipated eff ects call for timely decision- time for action is now!”. Th is is clearly the case in relation making and capable institutions that lead society towards a to climate change in IA where the profession will play a key sustainable future through pro-active and adaptive measures. role in both avoiding catastrophic climate change (by reduc- Th is presents a tangle of opportunities and challenges for local ing GHG emissions) and defi ning actions required to adapt government, as planners seek to eff ectively create and imple- both society and the environment to the inevitable changes ment strategies that both reduce future emission profi les and that will occur in the global climate system. IA professionals adapt to inevitable climatic changes. understand the concepts of climate change mitigation and adaptation, but understanding will not be suffi cient to gener- Th e following aspects of climate change planning at the local ate the scale of changes needed if our community is to play a level will be addressed: signifi cant role in helping tackle this crisis. A concerted eff ort ■ Th e design of governance and decision-making systems of both top-down and bottom-up approaches will be needed to embed climate change considerations across all aspects of ■ Th e treatment of climate change both organisationally and IA to infl uence policy, plan and project decision making. within the planning process, and its infl uence on existing organisational structures and municipal plans Session 1: A View of Existing Mechanisms ■ Participation of the public and stakeholders in climate for Integrating Climate Change change planning into Professional IA Practice ■ Th e role of IA in climate change decision-making Session format: A presentation session with opportunities for processes and structures in handling competing planning delegates to ask questions and discuss the issues raised with goals presenters. Learning outcomes: Th e session will provide delegates with a Session: Uncertain Futures: Th e State of view of some of the existing mechanisms and tools being used Climate Change Planning in Denmark Today across Europe to enhance the consideration of both climate Session format: An open discussion session based on research change mitigation and adaptation into all scales of decision- reviewing and analysing current practice in Danish munici- making. palities. Presentations: Presenters: 1. Th e Norwegian Climate Cure: Mitigation options and (1) Anja Wejs, PhD fellow, Department of Development and instruments in a short- and long-term perspective Planning, Aalborg University Elin Økstad, KLIF – Th e Norwegian Climate and Pollution Agency, Norway (2) Patrick Driscoll, Research Assistant, Department of Development and Planning, Aalborg University 2. Climate Change in Scottish SEA: An overview of legislation, guidance and wider applications (video Expected outcome: A better understanding of municipalities’ presentation) experiences with climate change planning. Neil Deasley, SEPA – Scottish Environmental Protection Agency, Scotland 3. Over-Arching Principles for Considering Climate Change Mitigation & Adaptation in EIA Josh Fothergill (IEMA - Th e Institute of Environmental Management & Assessment, UK)

8 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Th emes

4. A Simple Methodological Framework to Incorporate Session 3: Shaping the European Commission’s Climate Change in Impact Assessment Forthcoming: Practical guidance and Miguel Coutinho & Margaret Pereira, IDAD recommendations for integrating climate change – Instituto do Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, and biodiversity into EIA/SEA procedures Campus Universitário, Portugal Session format: Presentation from representatives from the In order for environmental impact assessment to fulfi l its Commission (DG ENV & DG CLIMA) followed by del- objectives, it is necessary to develop methodologies that egate discussions on issues for inclusion within this guidance. enable the incorporation of climate change in impact Th e session may be divided into 2 groups if there is a desire assessment statements. from delegates to discuss specifi c needs from an EIA (Group Th is paper presents a simple framework methodology 1) and SEA (Group 2) perspective. that follows 6 steps: Learning outcomes: Th is session will provide delegates with 1. Identify climatic changes the fi rst opportunity to hear about the Commission’s formal 2. Identify indirect consequences of climate change plans for their forthcoming climate change and biodiversity guidance for EIA and SEA. It will also provide delegates 3. Analyze the impact of climate change in the with an opportunity to ask the Commission questions about environmental baseline without the project under the guidance and allow them to put forward their views on EIA what issues they believe should be included within its scope. 4. Identify eff ects of the project on climate change Delegates will leave the session aware of the Commission’s 5. Identify eff ects of climate change over the project aims on the content of the guidance and information on 6. Integrate this information on the cumulative eff ects its planned timetable to launch; they will also have had an assessment opportunity to have their say at the early stages of what is sure to become an essential piece of impact assessment guidance Th e methodology was tested successfully in an EIA across the EU. concerning the implementation of the high speed train in Portugal and can be easily adapted to any environmental jurisdictional context and to any typology of projects.

Session 2: From Challenge to Opportunity: Identifying what needs to be done to embed climate change in IA practice Session format: Concurrent roundtable discussions allowing delegates to discuss constraints and opportunities for embed- ding diff erent aspects of climate change in professional IA practice. Learning outcomes: Th is session will expect delegates to actively participate in one or more roundtable discussions. Delegates will learn from each others’ experiences of the chal- lenges that constrain greater consideration of climate change in IA; share knowledge of existing tools, techniques, and examples of climate change in current IA practice; and build consensus in each discussion area on ‘what needs to be done to improve the integration of climate into IA practice.’ Provisional roundtable subjects: 1. Are certain conditions (policies, mechanisms, institutional structures, etc.) required to embed climate change considerations into IA and decision-making? 2. Is there a role for IA in contributing to climate-resilient policies, plans and projects? Note: Prior to this session, all delegates will have the oppor- tunity to propose additional roundtable discussion topics based on ideas generated via other sessions they have attended on day 1 of the symposium. Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 9 Th emes

Health Impact Assessment Session 1: HIA and Climate: State of the Art and Institutional Approaches Th eme leader: Søren Løkke, Associate (1) Th e Mapping of Expected Health Impacts in 2030 Professor, Aalborg University, Danish Among Older People Due to Climate Change Centre for Environmental Assessment Sara Curtis, Institute of Hazard and Risk Th e direct and indirect eff ects of climate change on health Research and Wolfson Institute, Dept. of have become central issues for public health systems and Geography, Durham University research. Deeper and consistent engagement with other sec- ■ How to develop tools to support policies and tors will assist understanding of the expected health eff ects guidelines for adaptation and mitigation and importantly the promotion of mitigation and adaptation ■ Adapting the built infrastructure supporting older measures that are equitable and healthy. people’s care Th e WHO “European Regional Framework for Action” establishes a comprehensive workplan to protect health in a (2) Lessons Learnt in WHO changing environment: one of its key tools is “Health Impact Bettina Menne, WHO Regional Offi ce for Europe, Assessment” (HIA). HIA is well positioned to assist deci- Health Impact Assessment of Climate Change sion makers and public health offi cials in the development of ■ Experiences from 13 recent HIA frameworks to address climate change. ■ Impact assessment of policies

HIA has not been applied systematically, nor has it been (3) Th e EC Approach to Address Climate Change Impacts applied across the full spectrum of proposed policies, plans, on Human Health programmes, projects and actions. Several points remain open Vaidotas Kuodys, European for debate. Th ese issues will be addressed during the sympo- Commission, DG Climate Action sium. ■ Climate impacts on human health Th e objective of this theme is to foster the debate on HIA and ■ Potential adaptation measures climate change and to promote the practical application of ■ EC actions to address this issue HIA in the climate change decision making process. Questions: Session 2: Workshop “Th e Future Needs and Th emes for Climate Change-Related HIA” 1. What should be included in an assessment of the impacts of climate change on people’s health and their Led by Gabriel Gulis and Stella Kræmer, communities? Th is could lead to the development of Unit for Health Promotion Research, detailed and systematic guidelines. University of Southern Denmark 2. Can HIA make better use of cost eff ectiveness analysis ■ Introduction by Gabriel Gulis and Stella Kræmer to promote better health inclusion? Th is could guide to ■ Workshop discussions the holistic assessment of damages, adaptation costs and ■ Concluding workshops benefi t gained. 3. HIA of adaptation and mitigation recommendations: are we supporting co-benefi ts or are we producing co- damages? 4. How can HIA assist the greening of the health sector in order to include climate change issues in its own planning? 5. Finally, how can HIA of policies related to other sectors address climate change?

10 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Th emes

Carbon Calculators Session 1: A View of Diff erent Carbon Calculators for Local Authorities: Opportunities Th eme leaders: Per Christensen, Professor in and challenges for future IA practice Environmental Planning, Aalborg University, Denmark Session format: A presentation session with opportunities for Jannick Højrup Schmidt, Assistant Professor delegates to ask questions and discuss the issues raised with in LCA, Aalborg University, Director of the presenters. LCA-consultancy fi rm 2.0, Denmark Learning outcomes: Th e session will provide delegates with a Th e carbon footprint concept has in many respects taken the broad overview of tools being used in local authorities across lead when it comes to assessing environmental impacts. Th is Europe and learn about current weakness and the direction goes for countries and local authorities as well as for companies research is progressing. and individual persons or families. For countries, IPCC provide (1) Carbon Footprints on Business Sectors and Individuals in a framework and for companies the guidelines of WBCSD, ISO Municipalities and the newly developed “Public Available Specifi cation” from Kasper Dam Mikkelsen and Niels Karim Høst-Madsen, British Standard covers their needs. Niras A/S; Jannick Højrup Schmidt (2.0) Denmark Also for persons and families, “Carbon Footprint” can be In an eff ort to reduce GHG emissions, many Danish calculated and then used for decision making often as smart municipalities have devised plans to reduce their impact “calculators” that easily sum of the burden of the family or the on climate change. Th eir primary focus has been to emissions from an individual commuter. Th ese results are often reduce GHG emissions from their own administration presented together with the opportunity to buy diff erent kinds and institutions, however; recent initiatives indicate that of “carbon off setting.” A multitude of such carbon calculators municipalities are taking an interest in mapping emissions in has been developed by consultancy fi rms, NGO and private a broader perspective and thus mapping emissions from the companies. Most of these calculators are not reliable as their sys- entire society. tem delimitation and other methodological questions as well are not addressed in a transparent manner. Comparisons between Th erefore the Capital Region of Denmark has decided to use diff erent “calculators” have shown big diff erences, so generally a method that results are not comparable. 1. Calculates the global carbon footprint from the business It is even more troublesome for local authorities who wish to sectors in the Region (production perspective) contribute to a “low carbon society” to make a proper calculation 2. Calculates the global carbon footprint from citizens in of the emissions. Th e reason for this is often connected with the the Region (consumption perspective) problems in attributing the transportation to the individual local communities as well as attributing the total environmental costs Th e work is being carried out by NIRAS, 2.-0 LCA from production of goods to the same entity. consultants, the Centre for Regional and Tourism Research and Statistics Denmark. Th e applied method is specifi cally Th e objective of this theme is to get an overview of this wide developed to map 29 municipalities in the Capital Region, range of “carbon calculators” and ask the following questions: but it can easily be used by other Danish municipalities. 1. How do existing “Carbon Calculators” perform? With some alterations the same method can even be transferred to map regions in other countries, if they hold 2. How should a “Carbon Calculator” be made so that it is reliable national statistics on economy and consumption. transparent and comparable? Should detailed and systematic guidelines be developed? Calculating the carbon footprint in a consumption perspective entails a result around 18-20 tons per year per 3. What are the delimitations of the “Carbon Calculator” when capita for the Capital Region. Th is is primarily due to the it comes to the goods consumed and transportation? high income level in the region, which entails high spending 4. How is off setting made and is it done in a transparent way on goods, foods and travels. so that changes like aff orestation and new renewable energy Th us, the results suggest that the municipalities should investments can be verifi ed? Can rules for off setting be put even more attention into how their citizens consume. formulated? Th e municipalities are in a great position to start climate actions that are aimed towards consumptions patterns, since it is a natural prolongation of their current work with environmental issues (Agenda 21). Th is presentation will present how the calculations were made, and how the results were translated into specifi c actions.

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 11 Th emes

(2) Shortcut to Corporate Sustainability Reports: Combining Th e two main advantages of the IO approach to fi nancial statement and input-output databases sustainability reports are 1) a minimum of data collection Kasper Dam Mikkelsen and Niels Karim Høst-Madsen, eff orts are needed because all data (fi nancial statements) Niras A/S; Jannick Højrup Schmidt (2.0) Denmark are already in house, and 2) since IO data by defi nition Th ere is an increasing focus on including life cycle-based represent complete data, there is no need to create more or information in corporate sustainability reports. Th is is done less arbitrary cut-off rules; results are simply 100% complete by including the emissions outside the boundary of the as default. Th us, based on a few days of workload a complete company that are caused by the activities and decisions in life cycle sustainability report can be carried out. Of course the company. An example is the World Resource Institute it may be relatively aggregated, and some improvement (WRI) and World Business Council for Sustainable potentials may not be visible. Th e aggregated sustainability Development’s (WBCSD) with the GHG-protocols report is an optimal starting point for the more detailed (www.ghgprotocol.org/). investigation, and no time is lost because of time consuming data collection and modelling of insignifi cant processes. When calculating the life cycle emissions, the principles in life cycle assessment in ISO 14040/44 are used. Th e (3) Th e Impacts of Regional Production and Consumption traditional and most used method for calculating life cycle Activity on Pollution Generation: Developing a user- emissions is following the physical fl ows upstream and friendly carbon counting tool downstream in the product chains, where detailed data Janine De Fence, University of Strathclyde; are collected and compiled for each stage in the life cycle Max Munday, University of Cardiff ; Karen of the product fl ows. Th e working procedure for this is Turner, University of Stirling (UK) characterised as a bottom-up process, which is very time In 2008, the UK Economic and Social Research Council consuming. Despite the fact that signifi cant eff orts are (ESRC) funded six Climate Change Leadership Fellowships. put in the process of making the life cycle information as One of these has focussed on this issue of investigating the accurate and complete, the absolute emissions are typically pollution content of trade fl ows in addressing the problem underestimated due to incompleteness of data. of climate change. One element of this research has been to identify appropriate accounting frameworks to quantify An alternative to the traditional bottom-up process of emissions under what Munksgaard and Pedersen (2001) making LCAs is the top-down approach: input-output term the ‘production accounting principle’ (emissions LCA (IO-LCA). Th e data in IO-LCA are based on produced within the geographical boundaries of the regional/ monetary supply and use tables representing the national national economy—e.g., as considered under Kyoto Protocol account for a country extended with a national emissions agreements) and the ‘consumption accounting principle’ account. Since the data represent completeness in economic (emissions produced globally to meet consumption demand coverage and total emissions, data are by defi nition complete. within the regional/national economy—e.g., as considered IO data can be used for calculating the life cycle emissions under environmental ‘footprints’). We have adopted input- for a number of product categories (typically 60-150) in output (IO) methodology that has become the accepted units of monetary transactions. Th erefore, these data can approach in the academic literature (see Wiedmann et al., be aligned and linked with the transactions in a company’s 2007, and Wiedmann, 2009, for reviews). fi nancial statement. By doing that, the life cycle emissions However, we have concentrated on developing an approach of a company’s activities during one year can be calculated. that considers the pollution content of uni-directional trade Th e alignment and linking of data and the subsequent data fl ows using currently available IO data for the UK national manipulation requires a minimum of eff ort. Th e main steps and regional economies. Th is focus is partly motivated in the procedure are to categorise the purchase categories by the availability of reliable data, but also by the need in the fi nancial statement with the categories in the IO- to build up in stages what are quite complex accounting database, convert uses from purchaser’s prices to basic frameworks (which allow users to consider responsibility for prices, adjust for the currency year, and add the emissions pollution generation under a range of diff erent perspectives/ taking place within the company. Subsequently, additional philosophies, taking into account issues of jurisdictional life cycle stages can be included, e.g., the use and disposal authority, etc.) in a transparent manner that can be more stage. In order to increase relevance and to identify reduction easily communicated to and understood by a wide variety of potentials, the modelling of processes which are identifi ed user groups. Here, we illustrate the potential usefulness of as environmental hotspots can be further modelled in detail this tool for the case study of carbon counting in the Welsh using traditional bottom-up approaches. economy.

12 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Th emes

Session 2: Unintended Consequences of Using the UK economy. Th is has involved developing computable general equilibrium (CGE) models of the UK national and Carbon Calculators (Carbon Footprint) in IA regional economies. and Decision Making: How to avoid pitfalls Session format: A presentation session with opportunities for Some key results/research fi ndings are as follows: delegates to ask questions and discuss the issues raised with ■ Rebound eff ects will be more important where effi ciency presenters. increases occur (a) in more energy-intensive activities, Learning outcomes: Th e session will provide delegates with a such as energy supply sectors and/or (b) in sectors that broad overview of problems associated with the use of carbon are heavily traded. calculators (carbon footprint), especially at the local level of ■ Where energy effi ciency improvements take place in the society. household sector, the income eff ects that drive rebound tend to be stronger in low income households. However, (1) GREEN or GREY? How Can Delimitation of System this result is sensitive to whether there is habitual Boundary Lead to Misleading Results? A case study from behaviour in household energy use, and on the specifi c biomass power production nature of such behavior. Trakarn Propaspongsa, Lone Kørnøv, Jannick Højrup Schmidt, Aalborg University, Danish Centre for Environmental Assessment Scenarios and Future Th inking for Th e study presents the use of life cycle assessment considering cause-eff ect relationships to identify how the Impact Assessment in a Changing impacts on ecosystems, human health, and resources can be misinterpreted by application of various system boundaries Th eme leader: Elizabeth Wilson, Reader in with focus only on carbon calculations. Diff erent biomass Environmental Planning, Oxford Brookes University power production schemes in Denmark using wood pellets, Climate change requires us to look to longer time horizons than wood chips and straw from local and imported sources decision-makers are used to: we need to consider the long-term (Brazil, Chile, Baltic States, Canada, and Russian Federation) impacts of our actions, and to act now to avoid or infl uence are considered in this case study. Th e assessment reveals future impacts. Scenarios have been developed as “coherent, signifi cant contributions on global warming potentials from internally consistent and plausible descriptions of possible future indirect land use change (0.04-1.7 kg CO2-eq. per kWh of states of the world.” Th ey off er scope for exploring the interac- electricity production from power production using wood tions of complex driving forces across a range of time scales, and pellets/chips while coal combustion scenario contributes it might be expected that they could play an important role in 0.9 kg CO2-eq. per kWh of electricity production). Th e impact assessment. However, environmental impact assessments exclusion of indirect land use change results in wrong have not systematically addressed the issue of climate change, conclusions. Th e investigation further shows that the nor have they generally made the most of opportunities to focus only on “carbon” in biomass power production leads extend their time horizons and to employ scenarios other than to adverse impacts on human health (respiratory eff ects, business-as-usual models. human toxicity), biodiversity (from nature occupation and photochemical ozone) and society (from socio-economic Th is theme comprises two interactive sessions presenting case- impacts). studies of three projects which have developed future scenarios, and giving dedicated time to participative debate on the lessons (2) Energy Effi ciency and Rebound Eff ects: An example of learnt and the implications for EIA. the ‘Law of Unintended Consequences’ Karen Turner, University of Stirling, United Kingdom. Session 1: Water Scenarios for Europe Increased energy effi ciency is commonly taken to be a ‘magic bullet’ in reducing energy use (and consequently greenhouse Led by Ilona Bärlund and Martina Flörke, GRID- gas emissions). However, the notion of ‘rebound eff ects’ has Wasser, Centre for Environmental Systems Research raised questions as to the extent to which energy effi ciency (CESR), University of Kassel, Germany will actually reduce the demand for energy. Rebound Session format: An initial presentation of the context for the eff ects occur because of the impact of improvements in FP6 SCENES project, a stakeholder-driven development pro- energy effi ciency on energy prices and also on income cess of both qualitative and quantitative scenarios for the future levels. In order to assess the likelihood and importance of freshwater resources in Europe. Th e project has developed of a phenomenon such as rebound (and other potential scenarios of water resources and water quality for pan-Europe in unanticipated impacts of diff erent types of actions aimed the 2050s, linking climate change and socio-economic scenarios at improving environmental quality), a model is required in storyline development and quantitative modelling. Th e that captures the complex network of interdependencies researchers will refl ect on the methodological aspects of storyline throughout the whole economy. development, particularly their approach to scenario-building Th e objective of the research reported in this presentation through modelling and Story and Simulation approaches. been to develop such a model to examine ‘rebound’ eff ects in

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 13 Th emes

Th is will be followed by an interactive workshop in which Climate Change and participants will consider ■ Th e methodologies employed in developing the scenarios Development Co-Operation ■ Th e usefulness and limitations of a scenario approach ■ Lessons learnt in the SCENES project Th eme leaders: Matthew Cashmore, University of East Anglia; Rob Verheem, Netherlands Commission for Environmental Assessment Session 2: Scenario Building Climate change aff ects all people, but it is in developing coun- Session 2A: CO2 Emissions Modelling & Forecasting tries that the adverse impacts will be most acutely felt, par- Led by Franck Cachia (BioIs, lately of French Ministry ticularly amongst the poorest and most vulnerable members of of Sustainable Development (MEEDDM)) society. Th is theme will examine state-of-the-art knowledge Session format: A short presentation will be given of the objec- on how IA tools (such as EIA and SEA) can and are being tives and the structure of the model, the fi rst results based on used to promote climate change mainstreaming in developing French data and how it can be used to improve policy impact countries. Th e goal of the theme is to establish, through open assessments at the national and EU level could be made. and frank dialogue, an actionable agenda for building main- streaming capacity through joint working, effi cient co-ordina- Th e study objective is to provide decision-makers (at national or European level) with appropriate tools to improve their under- tion, and the timely dissemination of latest developments and standing of the main short to medium-term drivers of CO2 practical experiences. emissions. Th is includes sector specifi c drivers and allows for a quantitative assessment of the impacts of policy changes (such Session 1: Mapping the Knowledge Base as improved renewable energy targets or increased taxes on fossil for Climate Change Mainstreaming fuels) on CO2 emissions. Th e study allows for a comparison Th is session will consist of presentations and deliberation, of the accuracy of modelling and impact assessments between through which a picture will be developed of: bottom up and direct (global) approaches. ■ What guidance and integration tools are available, or are Session 2B: Scenario-Building in Spitsbergen, Arctic being developed TLed by obias Luthe, University of Applied Sciences, ■ Gaps and overlaps in guidance resources and tools HTW Chur, Switzerland; Yvette Evers, Leeds ■ Metropolitan University, UK; Eric L. Berlow, Opportunities for greater co-ordination and co-operation University of California at Merced, USA in future work on guidance and tools Session format: An introductory presentation of the project on scenario building in ecological-social-economic systems in a Session 2: Lessons from Practice changing climate in the Arctic of Spitsbergen, Svalbard: history Th is session will involve presentations on practical experiences and lessons learnt from the initial local demand for support of climate change mainstreaming and discussion of lessons and the fi rst small-scale scenario building and implementation, learned. It will showcase innovative practices from a variety of including outreach and communication (movie), and the need to developing countries and policy contexts. We will also discuss step beyond current initiatives on Svalbard. mechanisms to promote the timely and broad dissemination A second presentation will explain the transfer and upscale of of emerging experiences in the future. this fi rst initiative involving a ‘change of angle’ into the interna- Th eme outcomes: tional research program ResiNet. ■ Dissemination of, and dialogue on, guidance, tools and Th is will be followed by an interactive open innovation work- practical experiences shop in which participants will become part of the ResiNet ■ A directory of available guidance and tools program and intended methodology: open innovation crowd ■ Proposals for the future dissemination of lessons from sourcing discussions on considering network analysis as a tool to practice ‘tier’ scenarios, with assessment of the current economic system ■ Recommendations for co-ordination and collaboration on the ecological environment, feedbacks on the social system, in climate change mainstreaming work that will be taken impacts of environmental changes, and development of alterna- forward to the Washington Symposium in November tives and scenarios. Th eme outcomes: ■ Lessons learnt from experience with scenario development ■ Understanding of barriers to and opportunities for futures thinking ■ Proposals for dissemination of lessons from practice ■ Recommendations for the Washington Symposium on the scope for employing such approaches in EIA and SEA

14 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Th emes Social Impact Assessment adequately support the capacity of resource users to cope and adapt to climate change, is through identifying climate Th eme leader: Dr Ana Maria Esteves, risk, or the likely social impacts that climate change may Community Insights Pty Ltd infer. I use the cattle grazing and commercial fi shing industries in Australia to illustrate how the concept of Session 1: Assessing Resource resource dependency can provide vital information about Dependency & Vulnerability the vulnerability of resource users to climate change. I assess dependency in terms of (i) attachment to place, (ii) (1) Community Sensitivity Index to Assess the Capacity of attachment to occupation, (iii) family circumstances, (iv) Remote Communities to Adapt to Climate Change employability, (v) networks, (vi) fi nancial circumstances, Andreas Sadler, Coakes Consulting, Australia (vii) business characteristics, (viii) local knowledge and Th e impacts of climate change will likely aff ect diff erent skills, and (ix) attitudes and behaviour. Strategies to assist communities in diff erent ways. However, it is also likely primary enterprises and industries to cope and adapt to the that some communities will be better placed than others impacts of climate change may require identifying ways to respond and adapt to change. Th erefore, in the context to reduce the dependency on natural resources through of climate change, it is useful to consider the predicted increasing strategic skill sets and networks. community-level impacts of climate change in relation to an assessment of a community’s capacity to adapt to those (3) Round table discussion: What needs to be done to impacts. improve the integration of ‘vulnerability to climate change’ into IA practice? Within the social sciences, much research has been Facilitated by Dr Ana Maria Esteves, Director, undertaken to consider the nature of communities, how Community Insights Pty Ltd, Th e Netherlands they function and their ability to manage and respond to change. In this vein, the sustainable livelihood approach Session 2: Responsiveness to Climate and its focus on community capitals (natural, economic, Change Adaptation Policies social, physical and human) is particularly useful, providing a fundamental basis for identifying and further enhancing (1) Social Impacts of Climate Change and Climate community capacity and resilience. Adaptation in Finnish Rural Areas Rauno Sairinen, Professor, University Th is presentation will outline how such capitals may be of Eastern Finland assessed at a local level, through the development of a Th e paper introduces results from a recently completed “Community Sensitivity Index” (CSI), and how such an project, which was part of the Finnish national research approach can be used to inform decision making and the programme for climate adaptation (ISTO). In Finland, the development of structural adjustment and enhancement climate change adaptation has to date been studied mainly initiatives at regional and community levels. Following an from the perspectives of environment, economy and overview of the methodology, the practical application of infrastructure. Th ere is a clear lack of studies that concern the index will be illustrated through an example of how it the social and community dimensions of climate change has been applied in the north west of Australia to assess adaptation. Th ese questions refer to concrete impacts in the capacity of remote communities to adapt to changes people’s everyday life, cultural and social practices and resulting from the impacts of climate change on the community capacities for future changes. Th e aim of the Pilbara oil and gas industry. project was to study how rural areas are aff ected by climate (2) Using the Concept of Resource Dependency to change and climate adaptation policies and what kind of Understand Climate Change Impacts in Primary social and community impacts there possibly exist. Enterprises and Industries Research tasks included the following: 1) How should Dr Nadine Marshall, CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences and we analyse and make typologies about the social impacts Climate Adaptation Flagship,Townsville Australia of climate change and adaptation into it? 2) How are Climate change is altering the quality and availability climate impacts understood in rural areas of the region of of natural resources with far-reaching implications for Varsinais-Suomi (land use practices and natural resource resource users and the extensive social and economic usage)? 3) How and through which mechanisms are these systems that they support. More than ever, resource-users impacts intertwined to people’s everyday life, welfare, and will need to anticipate, and prepare for, climate-related future expectations (social impact mechanisms)? 4) changes, and institutions will need to be particularly Who are the relevant actors concerning the social and supportive, if resource industries and the extended social community impacts? systems dependent on them are to be sustained. A strategy for industries, communities and decision-makers to

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 15 Th emes

Th e research approach was based on futures studies and Assessing Impacts of Climate social impact studies. Th e main method was argumentative Delphi method (with 15 experts from various areas of rural Change & Infrastructure development, the focus area being the region of Varsinais- Suomi in Southern Finland). Th e main results relate to Th eme leaders: :Charlotta Faith-Ell, WSP the issues of vulnerable population groups, livelihoods and Civils; Jos Arts, Rijkswaterstaat areas; relevant dimensions of social impacts; and relevant actors for coping with diffi cult situations (such as fl oods Session 1: A View of the Current Practice and storms) and other future problems. of Impact Assessment of Climate Change in Infrastructure Planning (2) Towards a Typology to Analyze the Successful Implementation of Climate Mitigation Policies in Session format: A presentation session with opportunities for Urban Areas delegates to ask questions and discuss the issues raised during Th omas Hoppe, Assistant Professor, University the session. of Twente, Institute for Governance (1) Assessing Impacts of Climate Change & Infrastructure: Studies/CSTM, Th e Netherlands Introduction Realizing environmental and climate mitigation goals Charlotta Faith-Ell, WSP Civils; in dense urban areas in the Netherlands is a diffi cult Jos Arts, Rijkswaterstaat challenge. In this paper a typology will be presented that Transportation is one of the main sources of CO2 supports the analysis and understanding of processes emissions—or more broadly defi ned green house gas concerning the implementation of policies that stimulate (GHG) emissions. Th is means that infrastructure the adoption of climate mitigation measures in urban planning has to deal with aspects of climate change. areas. Th e main hypotheses are that a high degree of When discussing the issue of climate change in relation process management will lead to an increasing likelihood to infrastructure planning, there two main directions to regarding successful implementation of such a policy, consider: Mitigation and Adaptation. With mitigation whereas a high degree of institutionalized interests from we mean that infrastructure facilitates more (car) mobility other policy areas—especially urban renewal—will lead to that in turn creates CO2 emissions, which leads to failure in the implementation of policy strategies aimed at climate change impacts. Also, recent studies show that the adoption of climate mitigation measures. Th e typology the construction of infrastructure itself generates large will be empirically tested by presenting four case studies in amounts of green house gas emissions. which high energy effi ciency measures are to be adopted in gallery fl at buildings. Th is paper contributes to further Adaptation is the issue of how to adapt to changing insights in the fi elds of environmental energy policy weather and geophysical conditions as a result of climate implementation and sustainable cities. change. Planning of infrastructure has to consider how to adapt to the impacts of climate change. Regarding impact (3) Round table discussion: What needs to be done to assessment, both temporal scale issues (short-, long-term) improve understanding of community adaptation in the and spatial scale issues (local, global) are relevant. Th is development of climate change policies? relates to cumulative impacts of many small, local/regional Facilitated by Frank Vanclay, Professor, projects at the bigger geographical scale as well as a University of Groningen, Th e Netherlands life-cycle perspective. Th e latter is especially interesting for the impact assessment community: planning for climate change throughout the life cycle of infrastructure development, which might link up with sustainability concepts like cradle-to-cradle. Th e issue of climate change has and will change how infrastructure is planned in the future. Th is means that the IA community need to ask the following questions: What is the role of IA? and What’s in it for us? Th e paper introduces the theme of climate change and infrastructure.

16 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Th emes

(2) Towards a Climate-Resilient Society: Tools for impact one of the longest road tunnels in the world. By 2035, assessment of infrastructure and urban development the Swedish Transport Administration estimates that the Berit Balfors & Ulla Mörtberg, Royal Stockholm bypass will be used by approximately 140,000 Institute of Technology, Sweden vehicles per day. In the early planning stages, the impacts During recent years, climate change aspects have received to climate change were not considered at all, but during increased attention in urban planning and infrastructure the planning process, the climate aspect has become development. In order to eff ectively address impacts on one of the main aspects in the impact assessment. Th is climate change and measures towards energy effi ciency, presentation aims at describing the process and challenges a strategic approach in the planning process is required. of integrating climate aspects in the Stockholm Bypass To enable an early appraisal of alternative climate change project. adaptation scenarios, SEA could provide a suitable (5) Challenges in Addressing the Climate Change Issues framework. Th e application of SEA in urban planning and Within Impact Assessment Practice of Transport infrastructure development entail various challenges so Projects in Estonia as to address, e.g., cumulative impacts, transboundary and Heikki Kalle, Hendrikson & Ko, Estonia multi-scalar issues. Estonia faces challenges in defi ning long-term goals in Th e incorporation of strategic issues related to climate energy production that aff ect sustainable planning of change, call for analytical tools and methodological transport infrastructure. As energy production questions approaches that facilitate the planning and decision- are currently subjects of intense public debates, the making process. In this study we focus on the development impact assessments are often in a position where trade- of prediction tools and decision support systems in order to off situations between environmental values and their assist a comprehensive comparison of alternative strategies social costs are hard to solve. When transport plans are and identify innovative energy effi cient solutions for a considered in strategical time scale, the picture turns even climate resilient society. more unclear and here emission levels of greenhouse gases often remain as only reliable yardstick for sustainability. (3) Integration of Climate Change in the SEA of the Swedish National Transportation Plan (6) Challenges in Addressing Climate Change in IA of Michel Gabrielsson, Swedish Transport Administration Modal Shift Projects Th e Swedish government amended the Swedish National Charlotta Faith-Ell, WSP Civils Transportation Plan for the period 2010-2021 on 29 Modal shift is often suggested a way to reduce the impacts March 2010. Th e planning process was accompanied by on climate change from infrastructure. However, modal an SEA process. One of the aspects that were investigated shift is not the only solution to the aim of reducing as likely signifi cant in the SEA was climate change. GHG emissions since a transfer of traffi c from one mode Th is presentation aims at describing the process and of transportation to another might give rise to other challenges of integrating climate aspects in the National impacts for example increased noise in urban areas. Th is Transportation Plan. presentation builds on the experiences from a European project in which the potential to move 30 percent of the Session 2: Lessons from Practice European freight traffi c from road to rail. Session format: A presentation session with opportunities for delegates to ask questions and discuss the issues raised during Session 3: Ways to Move Forward the session. Th e session will end with a discussion with the Session format: A presentation session with opportunities for participants that aims at summarising the conclusions from delegates to ask questions and discuss the issues raised during the two sessions. the session. Th e session will end with a discussion with the (4) Integration of Climate Aspects in the Stockholm Bypass participants that aims at summarising the conclusions from Project the two sessions. Marianne Klint, WSP Civils, Sweden Presentations: Th e Stockholm Bypass is a new motorway west of (7) Scope for Cost-Benefi t Analysis in a Changing Stockholm that has been under investigation for several Environment of Climate Change and Infrastructure decades and a large number of diff erent alternatives have Emile Dopheide, Department of Urban and been studied. To reduce the impact on sensitive natural and Regional Planning and Geo-Information cultural environments, just over 17 km of the total of 21 Management, University of Twente km of the motorway link are in tunnels. Th e construction work is planned to start in 2012 and will take at least 8 years to fi nish. When the link opens for traffi c it will be

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 17 Th emes

Despite its limitations and the critiques from various ■ Major consequences of mitigation and adaptation disciplines, including from the economic discipline itself, measures on various stakeholder groups will ask for a cost-benefi t analysis (CBA) is a highly institutionalized more transparent presentation of CBA results tool in the assessment of infrastructure projects and ■ Uncertainties within the climate change debate will other policy interventions. Given this strong role in impose limitations on the extent to value all the decision making, we might expect cost-benefi t analysis possible impacts in monetary terms also to be widely applied in the decision making around ■ Long-terms impacts, irreversibility and future climate change and infrastructure initiatives. Th e huge generations are at the heart of the climate change uncertainties around the scope and impact of climate debate and will have its implications for the practice of change as well as the assumptions behind valuation discounting and time preferences imposes a major challenge to the ■ Climate change and infrastructure interventions will assessment of adaptation and mitigation measures. It seems have winners and losers, who are often hidden within therefore opportune to review the scope of the present and the CBA results future use of an assessment tool as CBA in a changing Th ese questions will be further elaborated with examples environment of climate change and infrastructure. and will eventually require a clearer positioning of CBA Some fundamental issues concerning the use of economic in the assessment framework, capitalizing its virtues and approaches to assess climate control are being discussed in potential and recognizing its limitations. Some ideas about a paper by Baer and Spash (2008). In this paper we explore this position of CBA in a changing environment of climate the possible function and contribution of CBA in the daily change and infrastructure will be outlined and discussed. practice of the assessment of adaptation and mitigation (8) Assessing Climate Change Eff ects for Infrastructure measures and the areas where other complementary Projects: What, how and when disciplines have to put their eff orts to overcome the Werenfried Spit, Ministry of Transport, Public limitations and simplifi cations of the CBA assessment. Works and Water Management, Th e Netherlands Th e presentation will be in the fi rst instance based Th e exact eff ects of the changing climate on infrastructure on a recent round of interviews among academicians, are still not known in detail. It is clear, however, that both professionals and policy makers about the use of CBA higher temperatures and changes in precipitation can in infrastructure assessment over the last 10 years in the infl uence the optimal infrastructure design. In the Dutch Netherlands. Th e respondents shed light on the scope of context there is a strong relation with the water system. the application of CBA for infrastructure assessment in Changes in climate infl uence the system directly, through general and identifi ed a number of bottlenecks in the use precipitation, and indirectly through sea, river and ground of CBA in the assessment for decision-making. Critical water levels. On the next level the water management and issues (not unknown) that were repeatedly mentioned: water safety programmes that are being designed to cope the treatment of uncertainty towards decision-makers; with these changes aff ect infrastructure planning and are the black-box character of CBA; the valuation of non- aff ected by infrastructure planning. market eff ects; trade-off s over time (discounting); and the distribution among social groups. Also the lack of In this complex situation we need to assess the eff ects of synchronization of CBA in the decision making process climate change on planned infrastructure. Our guideline with other assessment frameworks (EIA, SEA) was is to have a smart assessment: we need the assessment to repeatedly mentioned as an issue. Still, despite these aid the decision process. Th is implies starting with rules of persisting bottle-necks, most of the respondents fully thumb, and progressing towards more detailed calculations favour the CBA framework as tool to assess societal in the decision process. We are designing new ways of risk welfare in its broadest sense and expect a growing demand analysis, with our EU neighbours, to specifi cally address for its application. So also in the assessment of adaptation climate change issues. Together with our water safety and mitigation measures CBA will remain to play a major colleagues we are investigating both the exact relations role. In view of the already identifi ed bottle-necks of CBA, between planned infrastructure and the climate and water the application of CBA in the fi eld of climate change and systems, and the optimal way to address and assess these infrastructure might require an even more rigorous and relations. critical use of CBA: ■ Uncertainty about the exact magnitude and impact of climate change will increase the margins of uncertainty in the assessment

18 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Th emes Urban and Regional Strategies Waste Management Strategies and Plans, for Climate Change Climate Change and Impact Assessment Th eme leader: Th omas Fischer (PhD), Professor Th eme leader: Maria Rosário Partidário, IST Portugal and Leader of Research Cluster ‘People, Presentations: Space and Place’, School of Environmental (1) Computer Says “Not Sure”: Th e role of path Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK dependencies and increasing returns in planning for Despite some considerable progress made over the past few climate change decades, solid waste continues to contribute to about 2% of Patrick Driscoll, Aalborg University all greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally (in comparison, Th e relationship between regional climate change models, air traffi c contributes with slightly over 1.5%, ship and rail path dependencies and increasing returns, with a brief with just under 2.5 % of all GHG emissions) . Th is is mainly exploration of how these issues play out in the case of caused by methane emissions emanating from landfi lls, repre- Copenhagen and Portland, Oregon climate change senting about 30% of all methane emissions globally. Whilst strategy. One of the primary conclusions is that path 2% may not appear large, reducing GHG from waste has been dependencies in the regional energy and transport systems said to be relatively straightforward, particularly by avoiding may have a signifi cant infl uence on both the future landfi ll. Furthermore, waste could also partly contribute to GHG emissions profi les and the possibilities for adaptive bringing down the GHG share of, e.g., the electricity and heat planning measures that will need to be accounted for in sector, which currently stands at around 25% globally. In this current and future regional and municipal plans. context, waste management strategies and plans (WMSP) may set the scene for GHG emission reductions. In the (2) Integration of Climate Change in Urban and Regional European Union and elsewhere, WMSPs are often subjected Planning: Experiences from Danish SEA to strategic environmental assessment (SEA). SEA may thus Sanne Vammen Larsen, have an important role to play in identifying waste manage- Lone Kørnøv, Aalborg University ment options that contribute to climate change mitigation. Based on the analysis of 127 Danish SEA reports on municipal and local spatial plans from 2004-2009 Session 1: Waste Management Strategies, and six interviews with representatives from Danish SEA and Climate Change in the UK municipalities, it is reviewed to what extent climate and Other Developed Countries change and specifi cally mitigation and adaptation are Session format: A presentation session with opportunities for actually integrated in SEA in the Danish context, and delegates to ask questions and discuss the issues raised with what the motivation and challenges are for such a practice. presenters, particularly in the light of experiences in other Th e analysis shows that climate change is integrated in countries. approximately 50% of the SEAs reports and that the number of reports where climate change is integrated has (1) Municipal Waste Management Strategies, Strategic increased over time. Environmental Assessment and the Consideration of Climate Change in England Th omas B. Fischer (Liverpool University, UK): (2) Examining and Assessing GHG Emission from Waste Management Activities Using the Environment Agency’s WRATE Model David Hall (Golder Associates, UK) Expected outcomes: Obtain a better understanding of SEA and climate change consideration in municipal waste management planning in the UK and other developed countries.

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 19 Th emes

Session 2: Waste Management, (2) Runoff , Nutrient Loads and Freshwater Ecology in a Climate Change and SEA in India Changing Climate in Denmark: What can we learn and Other Emerging Economies from historical data and model scenarios? Brian Kronvang, National Environmental Session format: An open discussion based session with an Research Institute, Aarhus University initiating paper from India. Changes in the hydrology of Danish lowland rivers Waste Management Problems in Small Cities and towards more water in general, more extreme conditions Future Strategies and changes in seasonality will have direct impacts on Ponnusamy Devaraj (Pondicherry University, India): the amount of water in the landscape (fl oods, droughts, Expected outcomes: drainage of agricultural land) and spinoff eff ects on the concentration and loads of sediment and nutrients to the Obtain a better understanding of impact assessment, aquatic environment. Th e combination of increasing runoff climate change and municipal waste management planning and rising temperature can impact the critical recruitment in India and other emerging economies. periods for trout in streams and have other negative eff ects for other cold water species presently used as indicators for the ecological quality of Danish streams. Th e usefulness Water and Climate Change of combining long term monitoring data for hindcasting eff ects of climate change with models simulations for Th eme leader: Anders Erichsen, Senior Engineer forecasting the eff ects of climate change is demonstrated at DHI Water, Environment & Health for diff erent regions and cases in Denmark

In both core and applied research and also increasingly in (3) Delivering ‘Science to Stakeholders’ through the UK managing and governing bodies, there is a comprehensive Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership (MCCIP) understanding and an acknowledgement of climate change Paul Buckley, Cefas impacts on water volume and movement. Th e IPCC scenarios predict major global and regional changes in rainfall patterns Th e UK Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership and sea-level rise due to increasing temperatures. (MCCIP) was established in 2005 to help facilitate the transfer of peer-reviewed science to decision makers. Our Th e water quality problems are many and complex. We would latest synthesis report card, published in July 2010, covers therefore like to dedicate the water sessions to the 1st- and 30 marine topics ranging from acidifi cation to aquaculture 2nd-order eff ects of climate change on water quality and and salinity to shipping. It includes contributions from aquatic ecosystems—and challenge participants to contrib- almost 100 scientists spread across 40 research institutes. ute with intriguing research results, examples of state of art assessment tools and hair-raising examples—case stories from Here we discuss our experiences of engaging both scientifi c real life. and stakeholder communities into the MCCIP process. Th e continuing challenge of communicating evidence (1) Marine and River Basin Water Quality and Ecosystem in a way that fairly represents the scientifi c community Assessment and Management in a Changing Climate is highlighted, along with the challenges of translating Klaus Hinsby, GEUS an often limited science evidence base into adaptation An integrated and distributed hydrological model was priorities and actions for marine stakeholder communities. constructed for a coastal catchment on the island of (4) Implementation of Predicted Climate Changes in the Zealand, Denmark. Water supply in the area depends on Planning of a Fixed Link Across Fehmarnbelt abstraction from a relatively large lake located close to Henrik Bay, Administration Manager, the sea. It is shown that the quantity of fresh water in a Environment, Femern Belt A/S future climate is predicted to be suffi cient to sustain water abstraction even though precipitation decreases during the Predicted climate changes will be implanted in the summer period. However, the rising sea water level results design of the fi xed link and the EIA will also be based in infl ow of saltwater to the lake especially during late on predicted climate changes. Although research today summer and autumn where the lake water level is relatively has demonstrated that a number of robust changes are low and storm events results in high sea levels. Th e study emerging within the global warming picture uncertainties shows that adaptation measures are needed already at a sea remain relatively large. Th is is mainly due to a limited level rise of approximately 0.5 m if salt water infl ow should knowledge of the climate system and its variability, errors not destroy the lake as a fresh water resource. in models as well as lack of certainty in future greenhouse gas emissions.

20 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Th emes

A few clear signals refl ecting on of a broad physical Landscapes and Ecosystem Services understanding and converging model results are evident, if a likely upper limit of change is to be assessed. Annual Th eme leader: Orlando Venn mean temperatures in Denmark could increase as much as Th eme focus: 6 degrees in a very extreme warming scenario. Conditions ■ How impact assessment tools can help create climate with sea ice around Denmark will become extremely rare. mitigation and adaptation strategies that enable landscapes In addition incidences with severe snow related weather which enhance ecosystem services. conditions will become rarer with increasing temperature. Annual precipitation amounts are likely to increase, but ■ How impact assessment tools can support decision making with a pronounced change in the seasonality, with wetter on climate mitigation and adaptation strategies and winters and most like drier summers. Th is is accompanied ecosystem service provision in landscape planning and by an increase in 10 year (and possibly for 50 and 100 year) land use management return values of daily precipitation amounts. Overview for the theme: A preliminary analysis suggests an increase in the 50-year Impacts of climate change on ecosystem services and bio- extreme wind by 3m/s (10 min average; 10 m height), diversity are excessively analysed at numerous geographical i.e., from 27 to 30 m/s at the end of the century. More locations and spatio-temporal scales. While core research analysis is needed to quantify changes in intense wind focus on complex interactions between atmospheric processes, speeds in the 15 to 35 m/s range, which are important for ecosystem functioning and related services, applied research operation of a bridge in 80 to 100 height above sea level. deals with mitigation and adaptation strategies linked to Sea level is projected to increase even if emissions are kept human-environment interactions. Here, landscape level plan- at a minimum. Uncertainties related to the fate of the ning, management and decision making plays a fundamental Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets imply that sea level rise role. It is at this scale where geo-bio-physical phenomena, in Denmark of 1m within the coming century could be environmental processes and economic activities interfere with realised. Weather related phenomenon, in particular icing socio-cultural perceptions. Also, governance structures and and visibility, are not well analysed, and further work on decision actors are most complex at landscape level. the analysis of model simulations are needed to provide any information with a reasonable credibility. Th is session will explore the use of impact assessment tools and of the ecosystem service concept for climate change mitigation and adaptation at landscape level. Contributions and discussions will address: ■ How impact assessment methods and tools can support landscape level planning and decision making which deliver climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies that enhance landscapes and ecosystem services.

■ How impact assessment methods and tools can support strengthening the science policy interface for climate policy making.

Session 1: Challenges and Opportunities in Using Impact Assessment Tools in Landscape Planning for Climate Mitigation and Adaptation (1) Biodiversity and Resilience Against Climate Change Arend Kolhoff ; Orlando Venn, Treweek Environmental Consultants (2) Processes and Tools for Impact Assessment for Landuse Management Aranka Podhora, ZALF Examining how impact assessment tools and landuse planning can enable the mitigation of risks of indirect landuse changes from biofuels production.

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 21 Th emes

(3) Role of Natura Assessment in Climate Change (Round Table 2) Facilitated discussion: How IA tools and Mitigating and Adaptation with Special Reference to landuse planning can be used to support ecosystems that are Maintaining and Enhancing of Ecosystem Services resilience to the eff ects of climate change. Kaja Peterson, SEI Tallinn ■ Introduce the topic: Biodiversity support and protects (4) Landuse, Biofuels and Impact Assessment Tools: livelihoods. A more biodiverse environment is increasing Getting to sustainable climate change mitigation recognised as being more resilient against climate change options risks and vulnerability. How can the role of biodiversity in Orlando Venn, TEC climate change adaptation be highlighted through impact How IA tools and landuse planning can be used to support assessment? (15 min) ecosystems that are resilience to the eff ects of climate ■ Open discussion on biodiversity, resilience, land use change. planning and management and impact assessment (20 min) ■ Session 2: Two parallel Round Tables. Introduce the exercise “group discussion in round tables” (5 min) Facilitated discussions on how impact ■ Set up a roundtable asking participants to respond to the assessment tools can help create mitigation questions: and adaptation strategies that enhance a) In the light of inherent uncertainty about the long- landscapes and support ecosystem services. term consequences of climate change, what adaptive management measures are to be promoted on the (Round Table 1) Facilitated discussion: Evidence and short term to enhance the resilience of ecosystems knowledge that demonstrate how landuse planning and man- and to maintain valued ecosystem services? agement practices enable the mitigation of risks of indirect b) How should these opportunities for climate change landuse change from biofuels production. adaptation provided by ecosystems be incorporated ■ Introduce the topic: Th e challenge of indirect landuse into SEA and land use planning? change and biofuels, the proposal to mitigate iLUC risks ■ Report back to whole group (15 min) and the role of landuse planning and management, the ■ Concluding remarks (5 min) role of the “Round Table on Sustainable Biofuels” (max 15 Perspectives on the issues: min) ■ Open discussion on iLUC, landuse planning and ■ Data available for landscape planning (biodiversity data, management (20 min) information about agricultural systems and ecosystem ■ Introduce the exercise “group discussion in round tables” (5 services, evidence of how to achieve positive relationships min) between diff erent components of a landscape) ■ Set up a roundtable asking participants to respond to the ■ Processes needed for building the institutions to manage questions: landscapes (experiences with building the capacity a) What are the barriers to landuse planning and manage- and institutional frameworks for stakeholders to use ment practices enable iLUC mitigation? information to plan and adapt to changing conditions) b) What is the role of impact assessment (strategic and ■ How these pieces (knowledge and capacity) fi t together project level) in delivering the kinds of landuse plan- into good policy for climate change mitigation strategies ning needed for mitigating iLUC risks? (30 min) (RED) and adaptation strategies ■ Report back to whole group (15 min) Objectives/expected outcomes for the theme: ■ Concluding remarks (5 min) ■ Appropriate IA methods and tools for climate change mitigation and adaptation ■ Understand potentials and use of impact assessment tools for decision making in landscape management ■ Develop research agenda to ensure that environment assessment approaches are climate-proofed in order to ensure well-informed political decision-making

22 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Posters

(1) Ecosystem Services of Rivers and Pacifi c Coastal (5) Th e Impacts of Climate Change Conditions on the Wetlands: Challenges and opportunities for Industrial Carrying Capacity of Yazd Area integrating climate change into project EIAs and Kamran Shayesteh, Ph.D. Student, Faculty of CEAs in Mexico Environment, University of Tehran, Iran Sergio Contreras, University Centre of Biological and Agricultural Sciences (CUCBA), University of Guadalajara, Mexico (6) Climate Change on Sand Transport in the Alluvial River Kongeå, Denmark Javier Clausen, ITESO University, Guadalajara, Mexico Brian Kronvang & Hans Th odsen, National Environmental Research Institute, Aarhus University, Denmark (2) Climatools. Decision Tools for Adapting to a Changing Climate: Tools, tests and cooperation Jørn Torp Pedersen, University of Copenhagen, Karin Mossberg-Sonnek, PhD, Swedish Department of Geography and Geology Defence Research Agency FOI Karin Edvardsson Björnberg, PhD, Dept (7) Climate Change: Eff ects of precipitation and of Philosophy, Logic and Scientifi c Method, temperature on recruitment of brown trout London School of Economics/Dept. of Esben Kristensen & Hans Th odsen, Department Philosophy, Royal Institute of Technology of Freshwater Ecology, National Environmental Maria Vredin Johansson, PhD, Dept. of Research Institute, Aarhus University, Denmark Economics, Uppsala University Brian Kronvang, National Environmental Susanna Bruzell, MSc, Tyréns AB Research Institute, Aarhus University, Denmark

Maria Larsson, MSc, Tyréns AB (8) Climate Change: A hindcast and forecast of water and nutrients in Danish rivers (3) Eff ective Coastal Environment Management Brian Kronvang, Hans Th odsen, Søren E. Larsen by Conjugation of Bio-Purifi cation and TMDL & Hans E. Andersen, Department of Freshwater Estimation in Masan Bay Ecology, National Environmental Research Ki-Hyuk Eom, PhD fellow, Marine Environmental Institute, Aarhus University, Denmark Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan, Korea (9) Sustainable Event Initiatives at Aalborg Special Gui-Young Kim, PhD fellow, Marine Symposium on Climate Change & Impact Environmental Impact Assessment Assessment and Nordic Research Day Center, National Fisheries Research & Nikolaj Bichel & Lise Kirk Nordensgaard, Development Institute, Busan, Korea Danish Centre for Environmental Assessment, Dae-In Lee, PhD fellow, Marine Environmental Aalborg University, Denmark Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan, Korea

(4) Factors Infl uencing Waste Management in Jinja Municipal Council ( JMC) B. Nabatanzi, Environmental Awareness Agency, Masaka, Uganda H. Luyiga, Uganda Change Agent Association, Kampala, Uganda S. Namuwonge, Uganda Convention for Development, Kampala, Uganda

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 23 Nordic Research Day on Impact Assessment

Programme

09.00 – 10.30 Welcome and Introduction to the Day ■ Tim Richardson, Th e Danish Centre for Environmental Assessment, Aalborg University Keynote: “History of the Nordic Impact Assessment Research Community” ■ Tuija Hilding-Rydevik, Th e Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences ■ Gert Johansen, Th e Danish Ministry of Environment Keynote: “Looking Forward: Introduction to the Th emes of the Day” ■ Lone Kørnøv, Th e Danish Centre for Environmental Assessment, Aalborg University 10.30 – 11.00 Break 11.00 – 12.30 Poster Café: “What is the Current Status of Nordic IA Research?” Posters will provide a snapshot of ongoing research across the Nordic countries. 12.30 – 13.30 Lunch 13.30 – 15.00 Parallel Sessions. Working groups will explore research issues, challenges and agendas around the following themes: ■ Impact Assessment and Climate Change (follow-up from the Symposium) ■ Integrating impact assessment into broader planning processes ■ Eff ectiveness of impact assessment ■ Research and practice: Engagement in and around IA research ■ Public participation in impact assessment ■ Health Impact Assessment 15.30 – 16.30 Rapportage and Closing Discussion

Registration, welcome and keynotes Aalborg University Bertil Ohlins Vej, Auditorium B 9220 Aalborg East, DK

Lunch and poster café Fibigerstræde 15

Parallel sessions Fibigerstræde 13, rooms 53, 55 Fibigerstræde 11, rooms 1, 3, 9

Rapportage and closing discussion Bertil Ohlins Vej, Auditorium B

24 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Miljøvurderingsdag / Danish Environmental Assessment Day (In Danish only)

Klima indgår i såvel SMV som VVM, og indebærer at vi kan bruge miljøvurderingen som en mulighed for at forebygge og tilpasse os klimaforandringer. Miljøvurderingsdag 2010 ser på hvilke erfaringer og muligheder der eksisterer i dag i kommuner, regioner og hos rådgiverne. Miljøvurderingsdag 2010 er inddelt i to sessioner. Den første er fokuseret på erfaringer og udfordringer med at integrere klimaændringer i miljøvurdering, mens den anden er fokuseret på fremadrettede initiativer for at forbedre arbejdet med klimaændringer i miljøvurdering. Der lægges i programmet vægt på en blanding af oplæg og interaktive workshops med mulighed for erfaringsudveksling.

11.00-12.30 13.30-15.00

Session 1 Erfaringer med klimaændringer Session 2 Initiativer for klimaændringer i miljøvurdering i miljøvurdering ■ Overblik over erfaringer fra ■ Region Nordjylland som klimaregion by- og sektorplanlægningen med – perspektiver for klimaarbejdet klimaændringer i SMV Mette Arleth, Region Nordjylland Sanne Vammen Larsen og Lone Kørnøv, ■ Bæredygtighedsstrategi i Region Dansk Center for Miljøvurdering Syddanmark – samspillet mellem ■ Klimaeff ekter i VVM kommunale klimaplaner og regionale Sesse Bang, Rambøll udviklingsstrategier og miljøvurdering Vita Jokumsen, Region Syddanmark Workshop 1 Udfordringerne ved integration af ■ Anvendelse af CO2 kortlægninger klimaændringer i miljøvurderinger i kommuneplanlægningen og miljøvurdering Anne-Mette von Benzon, COWI

Workshop 2 Eksempler på igangsatte eller ønskede initiativer

Notes

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 25 General Information

■ Registration and ■ Smoking ■ Taxi and Bus Services Conference Folder Smoking in public places is prohibited. Taxi services can be pre-booked online Upon registration you will be provided at www.aalborg-taxa.dk or by phone +45 with the symposium program, par- ■ Climate 9810 1010. Th e price for at trip from Aalborg Lufthavn to Aalborg City is ticipants list and nametags. As part of Th e average day temperature in approximately DKK 150 – depending our sustainable event initiatives imple- Denmark in October is 12 degrees on traffi c. All taxis at Aalborg Taxa mented for this symposium there will be Celsius or 53.6 degrees Fahrenheit. Th e accept cash or credit card and most driv- no conference folder for the symposium. October weather is often quite unpre- ers speak English. For more information on our sustain- dictable, so you may want to bring an able initiatives, please visit our poster umbrella. Bus No. 2 will take you from Aalborg area during the symposium or visit the Airport to Aalborg City in approximate- symposium website. ■ Currency and ly 15 minutes. Th e service runs every 15 Notepads are provided in the break area Credit Cards minutes on weekdays and 1 every hour for your convenience. on Sundays. Th e cost is DKK 18 and Th e Danish currency is the Krone tickets are bought on board from the ■ (DKK), which is subdivided into 100 øre. driver - cash only. Language Used 100 DKK corresponds per 29 September Th e primary language of the symposium 2010 to 18.06 US Dollars (USD) and ■ Symposium Locations is English. Th e spoken language of 13.42 Euro (EUR). Denmark is Danish, but most Danes Please see map at on page 27. Visa, Eurocard, Diners Club, American speak English. Express and MasterCard are widely ■ Sustainability Evaluation accepted credit cards. ■ Venue Shortly after the event you will receive All plenary sessions will take place in ■ Sales Tax an e-mail from the Danish Centre for Hall East. Environmental Assessment, containing Sales tax is included in the marked price a link to a questionnaire about your Parallel sessions will take place in break- of merchandise. carbon related behavior during the event. out meeting rooms on the fi rst fl oor. We wish to fi nd out if the information Please see the map on page 27 and the ■ Opening Hours and encouragement that you have found program for exact location of the various on these pages has in any way aff ected parallel sessions. for Banks your behavior before, during or after the Banks and ATM machines are located Th e venue has wireless Internet. event. We are grateful for your participa- throughout Aalborg. With a few excep- Information with username and pass- tion. tions, banking hours are from 9.30 to word is available from the information 4.00, Th ursdays to 6.00. On Saturdays desk or the organiser offi ce. ■ and Sundays all banks are closed. Useful Links ■ Tourism Dining ■ Opening Hours Lunches and coff ee breaks will be www.visitaalborg.com provided at the symposium venue. Based for Shops www.aalborg.dk/engelsk/visiting/ on the information provided in the ■ Mondays - Th ursdays 10.00 - registration form, vegetarian meals will 5.30/7.00 Weather be provided. ■ Fridays - 10.00 - 7.00 www.dmi.dk/eng/index/forecasts.htm Th e symposium dinner will take place at ■ Saturdays - 10.00 - 2.00 Skråen Nordkraft, Kjelleups Torv 5, DK- Transport 9000 Aalborg on Monday 25 October at ■ Sundays - closed. You can fi nd a Aalborg Airport 19.30. Dinner includes soft drinks, beer few things open from 7.00-11.00, www.aal.dk/default.asp?PageID=87 and wine. such as bakeries, fl ower and souvenir shops.

26 Climate Change and Impact Assessment | Aalborg, Denmark Symposium Locations

Symposium locations

Venue

Aalborg, Denmark | Climate Change and Impact Assessment 27 Host and Committees

About the host institution Th e Danish Centre for Environmental Assessment Th e Danish Centre for Environmental Assessment (DCEA) is an innovative research and knowledge platform at Aalborg University. DCEA carries out wide ranging research across the fi eld of impact assessment, including environmental assessments of plans, programmes, projects, and life-cycle assessments of products and services.

DCEA is a non-profi t organisation, which is involved in collaboration and partnerships with authorities, companies and the general public, and with the aim of ensuring democratic and sustainable development.

A key foundation for DCEA is the objective to support sustainability in societal decision-making and outcomes of the processes. DCEA see its role as ‘change agents’ that contribute to the critical use of environmental assessment tools, at an early stage in the process from policy generation to implementation—and as an agent that promotes better quality assessments. Furthermore, DCEA contribute to theory and practice on current issues and hot topics such as climate change.

DCEA, Aalborg University, Department of Development & Planning Fibigerstraede 13 | DK-9220 Aalborg East DENMARK l | Phone (AAU) +45 9940 8287 | http://dcea.dk/english/

About IAIA Th e International Association for Impact Assessment was organized in 1980 to bring together researchers, practitioners, and users of various types of impact assessment from all over the world.

International Association IAIA members number over 2,500 and reside in over 120 countries. IAIA activities are carried out for Impact Assessment locally and regionally through its extensive network of Affi liates and Branches.

IAIA’s Vision: IAIA is the leading global network on best practice in the use of impact assessment for informed decision making regarding policies, programs, plans, and projects.

IAIA’s Mission: IAIA provides an international forum for advancing innovation and communication of best practice in all forms of impact assessment to further the development of local, regional, and global capacity in impact assessment.

IAIA’s Values: IAIA promotes the application of integrated and participatory approaches to impact assessment, conducted to the highest professional standards.

IAIA believes the assessment of the environmental, social, economic, cultural, and health implications for proposals to be a critical contribution to sound decision-making processes, and to equitable and sustainable development.

International Association for Impact Assessment Headquarters 1330 23rd Street South, Suite C, Fargo, ND 58103-3705 USA | Phone +1.701.297.7908 | www.iaia.org

Climate Change and Committees Impact Assessment IAIA Special Symposium Nordic Research Day Lone Kørnøv, Aalborg University, Denmark (Chair) Tim Richardson, Aalborg University, Denmark (Chair) Special Symposium Martin Lehmann, Aalborg University, Denmark (Co-chair) Lone Kørnøv, Aalborg University, Denmark (Co-chair) Weston Fisher, Th e Cadmus Group Inc., USA Martin Lehmann, Aalborg University, Denmark Aalborg, Denmark Tim Richardson, Aalborg University, Denmark Per Christensen, Aalborg University, Denmark Lise Nordensgaard, Aalborg University, Denmark Søren Løkke, Aalborg University, Denmark 25-26 October 2010 Mat Cashmore, University of East Anglia, UK and Asdís Hlökk Th eódórsdóttir, Reykjavík University, Iceland Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Sweden Mikael Hildén, Finnish Environment Institute, Finland Charlotta Faith-Ell, WSP, Sweden Tuija Hilding Rydevik, Swedish University of Josh Fothergill, Institute of Environmental Agricultural Science, Swedish EIA Centre, Sweden Management & Assessment, Great Britain Martin Lund-Iversen, Norwegian Institute for Maria Rosário Partidário, IST, Technical Urban and Regional Research (NIBR), Norway University of Lisbon, Portugal Gert Johansen, Ministry of Environment, Denmark Elisabeth Wilson, Oxford Brookes University, Great Britain Jørgen E. Olesen, Århus University, Denmark Hussein Abaza, Egypt Bo Elling, Roskilde University, Denmark Annika Otterstedt, SIDA, Sweden Monica Fundingsland Tetlow, Asplan Viak, Norway Jannick Schmidt, 2.-0 LCA Consultant, Denmark Steff en Lervad, City of Aalborg, Denmark Per Christensen, Aalborg University, Denmark Eskild Holm Nielsen, Aalborg University, Denmark ■ ■ ■