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Pdf [4.9.2016] Lavages Et De Filtrations Pour Obtenir La Molécule Pure À 50% UNIVERSITATEA DIN BUCUREȘTI FACULTATEA DE LIMBI ȘI LITERATURI STRĂINE MASTERATUL PENTRU TRADUCERI SPECIALIZATE ȘI STUDII TERMINOLOGICE DIZERTAȚIE Glosar trilingv francez-român-englez în domeniul chimiei și biochimiei. BDT Termcoord/ IATE Candidat: Larisa Marina Rusu Profesor coordonator: Lect. dr. Anca Marina Velicu București, IUNIE 2017 UNIVERSITÉ DE BUCAREST FACULTÉ DE LANGUES ET LITTÉRATURES ÉTRANGÈRES MASTER EN TRADUCTION SPÉCIALISÉE ET ÉTUDES TERMINOLOGIQUES MÉMOIRE DE MASTER Glossaire chimique et biochimique trilingue français-roumain-anglais. BDT Termcoord/ IATE Étudiante: Larisa Marina Rusu Directeur: Lect. dr. Anca Marina Velicu Bucarest, Juin 2017 2 Plan du mémoire de master: 1. Délimitation et intérêt du sujet............................................................................................4 1.1. État des lieux...........................................................................................................6 1.2. Critères subjectifs du choix...................................................................................8 2. La présentation du domaine de référence...........................................................................9 3. Considérations méthodologiques.......................................................................................15 4. Glossaire terminologique trilingue français – roumain – anglais ..................................29 4.1. Table des matières................................................................................................29 4.2. Analyse terminologique.......................................................................................32 4.3. Index alphabétique des équivalents roumains.................................................367 4.4. Index alphabétique des équivalents anglais……………………………….…370 5. Relations entre les termes. Vue d’ensemble……………………………………………373 6. En guise de conclusion......................................................................................................386 7. Bibliographie.....................................................................................................................389 7.1. Webographie en français..........................................................................................389 7.2. Webographie en roumain.........................................................................................401 7.3. Webographie en anglais……………………………………………………………411 3 1. Délimitation et intérêt du sujet Notre mémoire porte sur le domaine de la chimie et de la biochimie dans leurs relations à la pharmacologie. C‘est un thème d‘intérêt général, à vocation interdisciplinaire. Nous serons concernée en fait par la chimie et biochimie pharmacologiques, relatives en particulier aux substances addictives (en bref : pharmacologie des substances addictives), aussi bien que par divers éléments connexes, tels que : types de réactions chimiques, tests, autorités en la matière, etc. C‘est un domaine à vocation interdisciplinaire, qui ne cesse d‘évoluer, une industrie très dynamique qui, d‘un jour à l‘autre, risque de ne plus correspondre aux standards en vigueur et aux réalités actuelles. Évidemment, il nous est impossible d‘analyser en détail la structuration conceptuelle du secteur (fabrication, commerce, consommation, typologie des substances addictives), même si nous nous limitons à une perspective de simple équivalence interlinguistique. Par conséquent, nous nous sommes bornée à réaliser notre analyse conceptuelle-terminologique à partir du Petit glossaire de termes chimiques et biochimiques, proposé par l‘Observatoire européen des drogues et des toxicomanies1, qui ne comporte, lui, que 126 termes. Il s‘agit d‘un glossaire thématique à versions anglaise, allemande et française (les trois langues de travail des insittutions européennes). L‘objet de notre mémoire de master sera la compilation d‘un glossaire terminologique trilingue français-roumain-anglais. Nous sommes de toute évidence partie de la version française dudit glossaire thématique, mais en avons exploité la version en anglais pour l‘équivalent anglais des vedettes françaises. La plupart des termes inscrits dans le glossaire proposé par l‘Observatoire européen des drogues et des toxicomanies sont des dénominations des drogues ou d‘activités/ causes/ conséquences qui relèvent de la consommation des différents types de substances psychotropes/ hallucinogènes, etc. Étant donné que son point de départ est le Petit glossaire de termes chimiques et biochimiques, notre mémoire traitera des mêmes concepts. Le glossaire que nous compilerons s‘adressera tout d‘abord aux traducteurs (et surtout aux traducteurs travaillant pour les institutions européennes et qui utilisent constamment dans leurs traductions la base de donné terminologique interinstitutionnelle IATE) et autres langagiers (étudiants en langues, terminologues, interprètes, etc.), mais 1 Glossaire terminologique trilingue anglais-français-allemand (les trois langues de travail de l‘UE), en libre accès sur : http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/drug-profiles/glossary/fr. Le sigle EMCDDA correspond à l‘appellation en anglais de cette institution européenne. 4 également à toute personne qui veut s‘informer sur le domaine de la chimie/ biochimie/ pharmacologie et qui souhaite en parler, que ce soit en français, en roumain ou en anglais. 5 1.1.État des lieux Pour mieux mettre en vedette l‘intérêt objectif de notre recherche, nous allons présenter dans ce qui suit l‘état actuel des entrées IATE, ainsi que quelques chiffres et autres précisions concernant les recherches lexicographiques et terminologiques en la matière. Y a-t-il des termes traités dans le mémoire Oui, il y en a 55. courant qui ne sont pas enregistrés dans IATE2? Le cas échéant, combien? Y a-t-il des termes (FR) qui sont enregistrés Oui, il y en a 66. dans IATE mais qui manquent des informations (source d‘attestation, définition, contexte d‘attestation) ou qui ne sont pas correctement enregistrés du point de vue conceptuel? Le cas échéant, combien? Y a-t-il des termes (RO) qui sont enregistrés Oui, il y en a 63. dans IATE mais qui manquent des informations (source d‘attestation, définition, contexte d‘attestation) ou qui ne sont pas correctement enregistrés du point de vue conceptuel? Le cas échéant, combien? Y a-t-il des termes (EN) qui sont enregistrés Oui, il y en a 56. dans IATE mais qui manquent des informations (source d‘attestation, définition, contexte d‘attestation) ou qui ne sont pas correctement enregistrés du point de vue conceptuel? Le cas échéant, combien? Y a-t-il des dictionnaires spécialisés bi- Non3. /trilingues, portant sur le même domaine que le glossaire courant? Le cas échéant, combien? Précisez références (auteur, année). Combien de termes portant sur le même 2 Ce sont des termes qui ne sont pas enregistrés dans IATE pour aucune des trois langues qui font l‘objet de notre étude. 3 Nous mentionnons que par bilingue nous pensons au pair français/ anglais + roumain. Pour la combinaison français + anglais, il y en a, même le glossaire EMCDDA qui est le point de départ de notre analyse. 6 domaine que le glossaire courant se retrouvent dans ces ouvrages? Combien de termes du glossaire courant se retrouvent dans ces ouvrages? Y a-t-il des entrées ou des acceptions Oui, il y en a. des termes comme principe spécialisées pour le domaine sur lequel porte actif, alcaloïde de l’opium, isomère stérique, le glossaire courant, dans des dictionnaires etc. sont traités également par des explicatifs de langue générale? dictionnaires explicatifs français de langue générale, tels que Larousse en ligne4. D‘habitude, au cas des termes français qui sont traités par des dictionnaires de langue générale, l‘équivalent roumain et/ ou anglais s‘avère, à son tour, enregistré dans un dictionnaire de langue générale (DEX5 – pour le roumain et Merriam-Webster6 pour l‘anglais). Y a-t-il des champs et/ ou des entrées Oui, il y en a. Nous avons emprunté des spécialisées pour le domaine général dans des informations (définitions/ explications) à 50 Banques de données terminologiques? Le cas des fiches terminologique du GDT. échéant, combien de définitions/ explications avez-vous emprunté à cette source? 4 Source : http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais 5 Source : http://www.dexonline.ro 6 Source : http://www.merriam-webster.com/ 7 1.2.Critères subjectifs du choix Nous avons choisi ce sujet dans le cadre du projet "Coopération académique: Recherche terminologique pour IATE‖ géré par TermCoord (l'Unité Coordination de la terminologie du Parlement européen – voir TermCoord 2012), suite à un stage de formation auprès de cet organisme (Luxembourg, avril-septembre 2016). Le but de notre mémoire est d‘apporter une contribution à la base de données terminologiques IATE, aussi bien en ajoutant des concepts qui n‘y se retrouvent pas, qu‘en proposant des modifications/ mises-à-jour pour les entrées déjà enregistrées, mais à informations linguistiques incomplètes ou non conformes aux normes ISO relatives aux catégories de données terminologiques (notamment 704/ 2000 et 12616/ 2002). De plus, nous considérons que ce domaine est très intéressant du point de vue de l‘étude terminologique parce que c‘est un domaine dynamique, qui change d‘un jour à l‘autre suite aux avancées enregistrées par les scientifiques des quatre coins du monde. Une dernière raison serait que, chaque jour, nous sommes tous témoins de cas très difficiles liés à la consommation de drogues, aussi bien qu‘à des maladies létales impossibles à traiter ou, pire, causées
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