Agreements in an Open Relationship
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Legislating First Cousin Marriage in the Progressive Era
KISSING COUSINS: LEGISLATING FIRST COUSIN MARRIAGE IN THE PROGRESSIVE ERA Lori Jean Wilson Consanguineous or close-kin marriages are older than history itself. They appear in the religious texts and civil records of the earliest known societies, both nomadic and sedentary. Examples of historical cousin-marriages abound. However, one should not assume that consanguineous partnerships are archaic or products of a bygone era. In fact, Dr. Alan H. Bittles, a geneticist who has studied the history of cousin-marriage legislation, reported to the New York Times in 2009 that first-cousin marriages alone account for 10 percent of global marriages.1 As of 2010, twenty-six states in the United States permit first cousin marriage. Despite this legal acceptance, the stigma attached to first-cousin marriage persists. Prior to the mid- nineteenth century, however, the American public showed little distaste toward the practice of first cousin marriage. A shift in scientific opinion emerged in the mid-nineteenth century and had anthropologists questioning whether the custom had a place in western civilization or if it represented a throwback to barbarism. The significant shift in public opinion however, occurred during the Progressive Era as the discussion centered on genetics and eugenics. The American public vigorously debated whether such unions were harmful or beneficial to the children produced by first cousin unions. The public also debated what role individual states, through legislation, should take in restricting the practice of consanguineous marriages. While divergent opinions emerged regarding the effects of first cousin marriage, the creation of healthy children and a better, stronger future generation of Americans remained the primary goal of Americans on both sides of the debate. -
Marriage Outlaws: Regulating Polygamy in America
Faucon_jci (Do Not Delete) 1/6/2015 3:10 PM Marriage Outlaws: Regulating Polygamy in America CASEY E. FAUCON* Polygamist families in America live as outlaws on the margins of society. While the insular groups living in and around Utah are recognized by mainstream society, Muslim polygamists (including African‐American polygamists) living primarily along the East Coast are much less familiar. Despite the positive social justifications that support polygamous marriage recognition, the practice remains taboo in the eyes of the law. Second and third polygamous wives are left without any legal recognition or protection. Some legal scholars argue that states should recognize and regulate polygamous marriage, specifically by borrowing from business entity models to draft default rules that strive for equal bargaining power and contract‐based, negotiated rights. Any regulatory proposal, however, must both fashion rules that are applicable to an American legal system, and attract religious polygamists to regulation by focusing on the religious impetus and social concerns behind polygamous marriage practices. This Article sets out a substantive and procedural process to regulate religious polygamous marriages. This proposal addresses concerns about equality and also reflects the religious and as‐practiced realities of polygamy in the United States. INTRODUCTION Up to 150,000 polygamists live in the United States as outlaws on the margins of society.1 Although every state prohibits and criminalizes polygamy,2 Copyright © 2014 by Casey E. Faucon. * Casey E. Faucon is the 2013‐2015 William H. Hastie Fellow at the University of Wisconsin Law School. J.D./D.C.L., LSU Paul M. Hebert School of Law. -
Therapy with a Consensually Nonmonogamous Couple
Therapy With a Consensually Nonmonogamous Couple Keely Kolmes1 and Ryan G. Witherspoon2 1Private Practice, Oakland, CA 2Alliant International University While a significant minority of people practice some form of consensual nonmonogamy (CNM) in their relationships, there is very little published research on how to work competently and effectively with those who identify as polyamorous or who have open relationships. It is easy to let one’s cultural assumptions override one’s work in practice. However, cultural competence is an ethical cornerstone of psychotherapeutic work, as is using evidence-based treatment in the services we provide to our clients. This case presents the work of a clinician using both evidence-based practice and practice- based evidence in helping a nonmonogamous couple repair a breach in their relationship. We present a composite case representing a common presenting issue in the first author’s psychotherapy practice, which is oriented toward those engaging in or identifying with alternative sexual practices. Resources for learning more about working with poly, open, and other consensually nonmonogamous relationship partners are provided. C 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Clin. Psychol. 00:1–11, 2017. Keywords: nonmonogamy; open relationships; polyamory; relationships; relationship counseling Introduction This case makes use of two evidence-based approaches to working with couples: the work of John Gottman, and emotionally focused therapy (EFT) as taught by Sue Johnson. Other practitioners may use different models for working with couples, but the integration of Gottman’s work and Sue Johnson’s EFT have had great value in the practice of the senior author of this article. Gottman’s research focused on patterns of behavior and sequences of interaction that predict marital satisfaction in newlywed couples (see https://www.gottman.com/). -
Walking a Tightrope Between Secular and Religious Counselling Ideals?
1 http://jrmdc.com Counselling Muslim Selves on Islamic Websites: Walking a Tightrope Between Secular and Religious Counselling Ideals? By Mona Abdel-Fadil Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo, Norway Contact: [email protected] Keywords: Islam online; religious counselling; secularism; ethics Abstract: This article focuses on the interactive counselling service Problems and Answers (PS), an Arabic language and Islamic online counselling service, which draws on global therapeutic counselling trends. For over a decade, PS was run and hosted by www.IslamOnline.net (IOL). Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this article aims to provide a layered, contextualized understanding of online Islamic counselling, through addressing the ‘invisible’, ‘behind the screens’ aspects of PS counselling and the meaning making activities that inform the online output. In particular, I examine: 1. The multiple ways in which ‘religion’ shapes the PS counsellors' counselling output, and 2. The extent to which secular and religious counselling Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture Volume 4, Issue 1 (2015) https://jrmdc.com Downloaded from Brill.com10/01/2021 04:15:44AM via free access 2 ideals clash, in PS counselling. Drawing on a mixed methods approach, I demonstrate instances in which offline data nuance and generate new understandings of online data. The findings demonstrate the multivocality and variations in the PS counsellors' perspectives on both religion and counselling psychology, and shed light on possible tensions between professed ideals and actual online practices. About the Author: Mona Abdel-Fadil holds a PhD from the University of Oslo. Abdel-Fadil’s research interests include the following: ‘media, religion, and culture’, contemporary Islam, media anthropology, counselling psychology, anthropology of the Middle East, migration and gender studies. -
A Grounded Theory of How Mixed Orientation Married
“Making it Work”: A Grounded Theory of How Mixed Orientation Married Couples Commit, Sexually Identify, and Gender Themselves Christian Edward Jordal Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Human Development Katherine R. Allen April L. Few-Demo Christine E. Kaestle Margaret L. Keeling April 27, 2011 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: Bisexuality; gender; marital commitment; mixed orientation marriage Abstract Married bisexuals who come out to their heterosexual partners do not invariably divorce. This qualitative study included 14 intact, mixed orientation married couples. The mean marriage duration was 14.5 years, and the mean time since the bisexual spouse had come out was 7.9 years. The research focused the negotiation processes around three constructs: (a) sexual identity; (b) gender identity; and (c) marital commitment. Dyadic interviews were used to generate a grounded theory of the identity and commitment negotiation processes occurring among intact mixed orientation married couples. The findings revealed two sexual identity trajectories: Bisexuals who identify before marriage and reemerge within marriage; or bisexuals who do not identity before marriage but who emerge from within marriage. Two gender identity processes were reported: gender non-conformity and deliberate gender conformity. Finally, two negotiation processes around marital commitment were found: (a) closed marital commitment, and (b) open marital commitment. Closed marital commitment was defined as monogamous. Open marital commitment had four subtypes: (a) monogamous with the option to open; (b) open on one side (i.e., the bisexual spouse was or had the option to establish a tertiary relationship outside the marriage); (c) open on both sides or polyamorous; and (d) third-person inclusive (i.e. -
The Modern Opinions Regarding Polygamy of Married Men and Women in Dakar
SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Fall 2013 The oM dern Opinions Regarding Polygamy of Married Men and Women in Dakar Hannah Fried-Tanzer SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons Recommended Citation Fried-Tanzer, Hannah, "The odeM rn Opinions Regarding Polygamy of Married Men and Women in Dakar" (2013). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 1680. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/1680 This Unpublished Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 The Modern Opinions Regarding Polygamy of Married Men and Women in Dakar Fried-Tanzer, Hannah Academic Director: Diallo, Souleye Project Adviser: Gaye, Rokhaya George Washington University French and Anthropology Senegal, Dakar Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Senegal: National Identity and the Arts Program SIT Study Abroad, Fall 2013 2 Table of Contents Abstract 2 Introduction and Historical Context 3 Methodology 9 Findings/Interviews 11 Monogamy 11 Polygamy 13 Results and Analysis 21 Misgivings 24 Challenges 25 Conclusion 25 Works Cited 27 Interviews Cited 29 Appendix A: Questionnaire 30 Appendix B: Time Log 31 3 Abstract Polygamy is the practice in which a man takes multiple wives. While it is no longer legal in certain countries, it is still allowed both legally and religiously in Senegal, and is still practiced today. -
Playing with Fire: an Ethnographic Look at How Polyamory Functions in the Central Florida Burner Community
University of Central Florida STARS HIM 1990-2015 2015 Playing with Fire: An Ethnographic Look at How Polyamory Functions in the Central Florida Burner Community Maleia Mikesell University of Central Florida Part of the Anthropology Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses1990-2015 University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in HIM 1990-2015 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Mikesell, Maleia, "Playing with Fire: An Ethnographic Look at How Polyamory Functions in the Central Florida Burner Community" (2015). HIM 1990-2015. 613. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses1990-2015/613 PLAYING WITH FIRE: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC LOOK AT HOW POLYAMORY FUNCTIONS IN THE CENTRAL FLORIDA BURNER COMMUNITY by MALEIA MIKESELL A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Honors in the Major Program in Anthropology In the College of Sciences and in the Burnett Honors College at the University of Central Florida Orlando, FL Spring Term 2015 Thesis Chair: Dr. Beatriz Reyes-Foster Abstract This thesis asks the question as to whether polyamory functions as a community glue or solvent for the Central Florida Burner Community. It explores the definition of polyamory and how it relates to the Burner counter-culture. This thesis explores what polyamory’s effects are on the individual and community levels for those who participate in it. The findings concluded that overall the participants reported a perceived positive impact on both the individual level and on community cohesion in this case. -
Open Relationship Work
How to Make an Open Relationship Work fatherly.com/love-money/how-to-make-open-relationship-open-marriage-work By Carrie Weisman March 16, 2019 Relationships are hard to navigate. Entertaining dynamics that tradition hasn’t informed us on make things all the more difficult. And that’s not exactly great news for those currently treading around the today’s dating pool. A 2015 study published in the Journal of Sex Research finds that searches for terms related to open relationships have been rising steadily for the past 10 years. In a follow-up study, the same group of researchers found that more than one in five Americans have engaged in a non-monogamous relationship at some point in their lifetime. Expressions of romance are evolving. This is a good thing. And for those who are up for it, non-traditional romances have a lot of benefits. But, even those on board with open relationships can have a hard time figuring out how to execute them. How, exactly, do you approach the conversation? What are the best ground rules to lay down for couples who want to try a new arrangement? What are some missteps to avoid? To help answer questions, we spoke to a variety of experts as well as those with first-hand open relationship experience to provide some advice for anyone considering the arrangement. No one knows exactly why certain people gravitate towards certain kinds of relationships. Some say they’re simply not wired towards monogamy. Others say past betrayals have led them down the non-monogamous path. -
Mixed Orientation Marriages Are Often Just Called M I X E D Mixed Orientation Marriages Moms
MOM FACTS! INTERNET RESOURCES Mixed orientation marriages are often just called M IXED MIXED ORIENTATION MARRIAGES MOMs. AND LIVING FABULOUS HTTP://LIVINGFABULOUS.ORG/MOR/ O O RIENTATION There is a tremendous need for positive support for MAKING MIXED ORIENTATION couples in mixed orientation marriages. An ever in- MARRIAGES WORK HTTP://GROUPS.YAHOO.COM/GROUP/MMOMW/ ARRIAGES creasing number of gay, lesbian, and bisexual hus- M bands and wives, many of whom have been married MEN MARRIED TO LESBIANS for decades, are deciding to come out of the closet, HTTP://GROUPS.YAHOO.COM/GROUP/MMTL/ or their previously secret same sex attraction is be- ing discovered. It is essential these couples have a ALTERNATEPATH HELP FOR WIVES positive support system with role models and path- OF GAY/BI MEN ways for success. HTTP://GROUPS.YAHOO.COM/GROUP/ALTERNATEPATH/ O PRINTED RESOURCES Mixed orientation marriages are not just for hetero- sexuals. They come in every relationship combina- OPENING UP: A GUIDE TO CREATING tion imaginable. It is not uncommon for one part- AND SUSTAINING OPEN RELATIONSHIPS ner to be gay or lesbian with attraction to only their by Tristan Taormino same gender partner while their bisexual partner lives with attraction to more than one gender. Many SEXUAL BIVERSITY of their issues are similar to those in a heterosexual LOVING MY BISEXUAL HUSBAND by Lyndal Coon mixed orientation marriage. O BISEXUAL & GAY HUSBANDS: THEIR WORDS, THEIR STORIES Mixed orientation marriages may include variations by Fritz Klein and Thomas R Schwartz in gender identity. Men and woman who are gender fluid or transgender have many of the same chal- MARRIED WOMEN WHO LOVE WOMEN TRANSCENDING by Carren Strock lenges in maintaining a loving relationship with the person they love, especially when the gender varia- BOUNDARIES tions emerge later in the relationship. -
Social Norms and the Legal Regulation of Marriage
Columbia Law School Scholarship Archive Faculty Scholarship Faculty Publications 2000 Social Norms and the Legal Regulation of Marriage Elizabeth S. Scott Columbia Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Contracts Commons, Family Law Commons, Law and Gender Commons, Law and Society Commons, and the Sexuality and the Law Commons Recommended Citation Elizabeth S. Scott, Social Norms and the Legal Regulation of Marriage, 86 VA. L. REV. 1901 (2000). Available at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/323 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Scholarship Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Scholarship Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SOCIAL NORMS AND THE LEGAL REGULATION OF MARRIAGE Elizabeth S. Scott* INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 1902 I. THE NORMATIVE STRUCTURE OF TRADITIONAL MARRIAGE .......................................................... 1907 A. A Taxonomy of MaritalNorms ............................................ 1907 1. Commitment Norms ........................................................... 1908 a. Spousal Commitment Norms ........................................ 1908 b. Norms of ParentalObligation ....................................... 1912 2. GenderN orms.................................................................... -
Review Essay Bavinck on the Family
Journal of Markets & Morality Volume 16, Number 1 (Spring 2013): 219–237 Copyright © 2013 Review Essay Bavinck on the Family and Integral Human Eduardo J. Echeverria Development* Sacred Heart Major Seminary, Detroit Herman Bavinck (1854–1921) writes with breadth and depth on the Christian family in this one-hundred-year-old study on a Christian fundamental theology of marriage and family. Given the contemporary attempts of Christians from various ecclesial traditions to revise marriage and family such that marriage between people of the same sex is theologically defensible,1 Bavinck’s book has much to teach us based on his orthodox theological defense of marriage and family life. Of course in the early twentieth century, Bavinck did not have to meet the challenge of a revisionist vision of marriage as we do now. Yet, even then marriage and family life did face the challenges of divorce; open marriage; out-of-wedlock births; cohabitation; and, more generally, licentious sexual living (TCF, 64, 75, 89, 138–39). Bavinck addresses some of these challenges head-on by arguing that a right understanding of the family as the formative and nurturing institution par excellence is essential to integral human development. “A person’s becoming [integrally] human occurs within the home; here the foundation is laid for the forming of the future man and woman, of the future father and mother, of the future member of society, of the future citizen, of the future subject in the kingdom of God” (TCF, 108). I will come back to this argument later. For now, I would like to outline the breadth and depth of Bavinck’s treatment of the Christian family. -
Marriage and Divorce in Islamic and Mormon Polygamy: a Legal Comparison
Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies Volume 1 Number 1 Inaugural Issue Article 6 2009 Marriage and Divorce in Islamic and Mormon Polygamy: A Legal Comparison Nate Olsen University of Utah Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/imwjournal Recommended Citation Olsen, Nate "Marriage and Divorce in Islamic and Mormon Polygamy: A Legal Comparison." Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies 1, no. 1 (2009). https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/imwjournal/vol1/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Olsen: Islamic/Mormon Polygamy 87 Nate Olsen Nate Olsen is a J.D. candidate at the S. J. Quinney College of Law, where he serves on the 2009–10 Board of Editors of the Utah Law Review. He graduated magna cum laude from Brigham Young University with a B.A. in Spanish and a minor in history. 88 IMW Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 1:1 Nate Olsen Marriage and Divorce in Islamic and Mormon Polygamy: A Legal Comparison This paper compares how Islam and Mormonism crafted the legal frame- work of polygamy in an attempt to afford women important protections against its inherent inequality. Islam and Mormonism provided these safeguards by regulating how parties entered polygamy and by allowing women to initiate di- vorce. I. INTRODUCTION In the fifth year of the Hijrah, Mohammad received a revelation that ush- ered in the age of Shari’ah, or Islamic holy law: “To thee We sent the Scripture in truth .