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Precis of the Archives of the Cape of Good Hope

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Precis of the Archives of the Cape of Good Hope THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES PRECIS OF THE ARCHIVES OP THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. THE DEFENCE OF WILLEM ADRIAAN VAN DER STEL. H. C. V. LEIBBRANDT, KEEPER OF THE ARCHIVES. CAPE TOWN : W. A. RECHARD3&SONS, GOVERNMENT PRINTERS, CASTLE STREET. 1897. A10e8-13-9. DT C/7p INTRODUCTION, THE period embraced within the years 1699 and 1708 would not " " be complete without the Deduotie or Defence of Governor Willem Adriiian van der Stel. For nearly two centuries he has been regarded in a most unfavourable light, and credited with acts for which the Directors of the Dutch East India Company should have exclusively been held responsible. I have endeavoured to give his Defence as literally as possible, and leave the conclusion to the fair-mindedness of the conscientious student. Adam Tas, Petrus have had their the Kolbe and Abraham Bogaerts say ; portion of the Archives already published, as well as this volume, will show what evidence there is in favour of the Governor, and whether the charges brought against him have any foundation in fact. When the papers connected with the period of the Adminis- tration of Governor Mauritz Pasques de Chavonnes see the light, they will be found to contain most important evidence to confirm the reasons laid before the Directors by both the elder and the younger Van <ler Stel, why cattle barter with the natives should be prohibited t> the freemen, the real origin of the ill-feeling cherished against the son by a comparatively small section of the community. It has been a source of regret to rae that the volume of "Attestations," which contains the original addresses of the Cape, Stellenbosch and Draken stein communities, with the original " signatures attached, a copy of which is annexed to the Deductie," is in private hands. Hence I have not been able to add the names of the signatures of Stellenbosch and Drakenstein, of whom a considerable number were refugees. I would also have liked to have compared the printed list given in this volume with the original, in order to correct the misprints, and have those few precious pages photo-lithographed and added to this volume. I once again thank my reviewers in all parts of South Africa, as well as in England, for their kindly criticisms and hearty good wishes. The volumes which will folicw this one will contain the Journals of Commander Johan van Hiebeeck. H. C. V. LEIBBRANDT. JOINT LIBRARY OF PARLIAMENT, 12th March, 1897. PRECIS OF THE ARCHIVES OF THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. SHORT DEDUCTION OF WILLEM ADLUAAN VAX DEE STEL, LATE EXTRA- ORDINARY COUNCILLOR OF INDIA AND GOVERNOR AT THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, FOR THE DESTRUCTION AND REFUTATION OF ALL THE CHARGES WHICH HAVE BEEN BROUGHT AGAINST HIM BY SOME FREE- MEN OF THE AFOREMENTIONED CAPE, BEFORE THE HoN. "NVoRSHIF- FDL LORDS DIRECTORS OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY, WITH THE ASSURANCE THAT OF ALL THE DOCUMENTS REFERRED TO IN THE SAME, THE ORIGINALS OR AUTHENTIC COPIES ARE IN HIS POSSESSION. 1 The careful student of History will have observed that under all kinds of governments 2 There are found men among the lower classes dissatisfied with those who hold the reins of Government ; 3 That this appears more or less conspicuously from the little or much of their daily intercourse with the rulers, 4 Or when the rulers, according to orders and duty, are in a greater or less degree to observe their conduct, and really do so. 5 In that manner it is often seen that the best men are con- trary to their deserts, and without any reason, most violently accused and libelled. 6 In proof of this, reference need only be made to what occurred in these lands during the last century, and especially in 1672, and with much outcry among the mentioned lower subjects ; 7 which so families have still to suifer From many respectable ; X And from which every honest, discreet, and prudent man will be able to conclude, :9 That whoever is placed over others should not, or ought uot, to be condemned at once, when improper conduct is ascribed to of these him by any people ; 30 That not only such cases are to be investigated, vol. iv, B 2 1 1 But that the accusers, and those who publish the accusations,. are to be carefully borne in mind, 12 Before full faith is given to their charges, though cried out at all the corners of the streets. 13 Nor will it be taken amiss, but on the contrary, it will be lauded, 14 If such a ruler proves satisfactorily in temperate language, and as forcibly as possible, that the charges are together pure libels, 15 Especially if he is convinced of his innocence, and has indisputable proofs in hand to show it. 16 Therefore Willem Adriaau van der Stel, who finds himself in this condition, does not think that he acts wrongly, or will suffer the slightest censure, by having this deduction and the annexed documents placed before the public for the purpose. 17 A few words will suffice as an introduction. 18 That after having for 10 years filled various offices within to Amsterdam, amongst them that of Magistrate, the Directors 20 appointed him Councillor Extraordinary of India and Governor of the Cape of Good Hope. 21 That he filled that office seven years 22 Without being charged by his superiors with misconduct or negligence, either in the affairs of the Company or the fulfilment of their orders. 23 That during the first six years, not a single person at or near the Cape showed the least dissatisfaction, or made any complaint. 24 That in 1705 a few people at the Cape had conceived a great hatred for, and openly shown it to the Governor, and for reasons which will afterwards be stated. 25 That they allowed themselves to be carried so far, that in March, 1706, they sent over to the Hon. Directors, in form of a letter, 38 articles full of charges against him, and marked in the annexures as A. 26 That by means of all culpable contrivances they had the document signed by others also. 27 So that among them they obtained altogether 63 names, 28 The half of which belonged to the French or Waldensiau settlers not very well able to read or understand the Dutch language. 29 Further on more will be said of this. 30 It was the pleasure of the Hon. Directors after receipt of the charges 31 To remove the Governor from office, and summon him to the- Fatherland, with retention, however, of his rank 32 and pay, as will appear from their letter of the 30th Octobeiy 1706, an extract of which is annexed as B. 3 33 Of this the Governor does not intend to treat, nor does 34 He desire to object to the same, for all the servants of the Company are with obedience to submit to the orders of the Directors in all matters of this nature. 35 He believes, however, that he may say with the approbation of their Honours 36 That in the letter mentioned (30th October, 1706,) some sentences occur which he wishes had not been used ; 37 As he has good reasons to be assured that their Honours, as will be pointed out at the proper place, only made use of them through the wrong information communicated to them by a few of the inhabitants of the Cape. 38 He therefore trusts that it will not be unpleasant to 39 Them, if with convincing proofs he now proceeds to show to all, the unfairness of all the charges contained in the 38 articles. 40 Notwithstanding, he will be compelled for his purpose in some places to refer to the expressions of their Honours above-mentioned. 4 1 We shall now proceed to treat of the 38 articles of accusation. (Annexure A.) 42 Six of them the 1st, llth, 30th, 34th, 37th, and 38th are merely in general terms. " 43 For in the 1st it is said that the Governor oppressed them by his proud and unjust domination, and treated them worse than slaves." 44 In the llth, that "if he had had power commensurate with his evil disposition, he would have expelled all the freemen from the land." " 45 In the 30th and 34th, that a revolution had to be feared if no change for the better took place in the Government." " 46 In the 37th, that he might justly be considered a scourge of the people, because he envied their prosperity, and endeavoured to the best of his powers to exhaust them, and expose them to the danger of ruin." " ' 47 For he had adopted as his motto, that an indigent com- ' munity is easily governed,' " 48 And was insensible to virtue, and without regard for an " honest man ; and also that " 49 Boorish knaves, who thrive on roguery and stealing, were his best friends, because they had filled his pockets." " 50 And in the 38th article it is stated that they could have brought a greater abundance of charges against him." 51 From these, six times repeated, general charges everyone will readily conclude, 52 That the minds of the accusers would not have been capable of holding back a single charge 3 2 53 Which could possibly have been adduced as in any way detrimental to the Governor. 54 These six charges may therefore, for brevity's sake, be conveniently considered as one main charge, 55 Namely, "that the Governor has been a very impious, tyrannical, and rapacious ruler." 56 Although he might fairly pass by such general charges, with- out saying more than that -57 They are always considered by the wise with contempt and as mere calumnies.
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