Bridging Across Nicosia's Divide: from a "No Man's Land" to a Shared Public Realm
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Dual Naming of Sea Areas in Modern Atlases and Implications for the East Sea/Sea of Japan Case
Dual naming of sea areas in modern atlases and implications for the East Sea/Sea of Japan case Rainer DORMELS* Dual naming is, to varying extents, present in nearly all atlases. The empirical research in this paper deals with the dual naming of sea areas in about 20 atlases from different nations in the years from 2006 to 2017. Objective, quality, and size of the atlases and the country where the atlases originated from play a key role. All these characteristics of the atlases will be taken into account in the paper. In the cases of dual naming of sea areas, we can, in general, differentiate between: cases where both names are exonyms, cases where both names are endonyms, and cases where one name is an endonym, while the other is an exonym. The goal of this paper is to suggest a typology of dual names of sea areas in different atlases. As it turns out, dual names of sea areas in atlases have different functions, and in many atlases, dual naming is not a singular exception. Dual naming may help the users of atlases to orientate themselves better. Additionally, dual naming allows for providing valuable information to the users. Regarding the naming of the sea between Korea and Japan present study has achieved the following results: the East Sea/Sea of Japan is the sea area, which by far showed the most use of dual naming in the atlases examined, in all cases of dual naming two exonyms were used, even in atlases, which allow dual naming just in very few cases, the East Sea/Sea of Japan is presented with dual naming. -
T C K a P R (E F C Bc): C P R
ELECTRUM * Vol. 23 (2016): 25–49 doi: 10.4467/20800909EL.16.002.5821 www.ejournals.eu/electrum T C K A P R (E F C BC): C P R S1 Christian Körner Universität Bern For Andreas Mehl, with deep gratitude Abstract: At the end of the eighth century, Cyprus came under Assyrian control. For the follow- ing four centuries, the Cypriot monarchs were confronted with the power of the Near Eastern empires. This essay focuses on the relations between the Cypriot kings and the Near Eastern Great Kings from the eighth to the fourth century BC. To understand these relations, two theoretical concepts are applied: the centre-periphery model and the concept of suzerainty. From the central perspective of the Assyrian and Persian empires, Cyprus was situated on the western periphery. Therefore, the local governing traditions were respected by the Assyrian and Persian masters, as long as the petty kings fulfi lled their duties by paying tributes and providing military support when requested to do so. The personal relationship between the Cypriot kings and their masters can best be described as one of suzerainty, where the rulers submitted to a superior ruler, but still retained some autonomy. This relationship was far from being stable, which could lead to manifold mis- understandings between centre and periphery. In this essay, the ways in which suzerainty worked are discussed using several examples of the relations between Cypriot kings and their masters. Key words: Assyria, Persia, Cyprus, Cypriot kings. At the end of the fourth century BC, all the Cypriot kingdoms vanished during the wars of Alexander’s successors Ptolemy and Antigonus, who struggled for control of the is- land. -
Cyprus Tourism Organisation Offices 108 - 112
CYPRUS 10000 years of history and civilisation CONTENTS CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 5 CYPRUS 10000 years of history and civilisation 6 THE HISTORY OF CYPRUS 8200 - 1050 BC Prehistoric Age 7 1050 - 480 BC Historic Times: Geometric and Archaic Periods 8 480 BC - 330 AD Classical, Hellenistic and Roman Periods 9 330 - 1191 AD Byzantine Period 10 - 11 1192 - 1489 AD Frankish Period 12 1489 - 1571 AD The Venetians in Cyprus 13 1571 - 1878 AD Cyprus becomes part of the Ottoman Empire 14 1878 - 1960 AD British rule 15 1960 - today The Cyprus Republic, the Turkish invasion, 16 European Union entry LEFKOSIA (NICOSIA) 17 - 36 LEMESOS (LIMASSOL) 37 - 54 LARNAKA 55 - 68 PAFOS 69 - 84 AMMOCHOSTOS (FAMAGUSTA) 85 - 90 TROODOS 91 - 103 ROUTES Byzantine route, Aphrodite Cultural Route 104 - 105 MAP OF CYPRUS 106 - 107 CYPRUS TOURISM ORGANISATION OFFICES 108 - 112 3 LEFKOSIA - NICOSIA LEMESOS - LIMASSOL LARNAKA PAFOS AMMOCHOSTOS - FAMAGUSTA TROODOS 4 INTRODUCTION Cyprus is a small country with a long history and a rich culture. It is not surprising that UNESCO included the Pafos antiquities, Choirokoitia and ten of the Byzantine period churches of Troodos in its list of World Heritage Sites. The aim of this publication is to help visitors discover the cultural heritage of Cyprus. The qualified personnel at any Information Office of the Cyprus Tourism Organisation (CTO) is happy to help organise your visit in the best possible way. Parallel to answering questions and enquiries, the Cyprus Tourism Organisation provides, free of charge, a wide range of publications, maps and other information material. Additional information is available at the CTO website: www.visitcyprus.com It is an unfortunate reality that a large part of the island’s cultural heritage has since July 1974 been under Turkish occupation. -
1 Memorandum Ownership Status of Hotels and Other
MEMORANDUM OWNERSHIP STATUS OF HOTELS AND OTHER ACCOMODATION FACILITIES IN THE OCCUPIED PART OF THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Cyprus hereby publishes a list1 of hotels situated in the Turkish occupied part of Cyprus. The majority of these hotels belong to Greek Cypriot displaced persons who were forced to leave their properties following the Turkish invasion of 1974 or have been built illegally on properties belonging to displaced Greek Cypriots, in violation of the latter’s property rights and without their consent. A number of hotels belong to Turkish Cypriots or have been built on land belonging to Turkish Cypriots. The European Court of Human Rights, in its Judgment of 18 December 1996, on the individual application of the Greek Cypriot displaced owner from Kyrenia, Mrs. Titina Loizidou, against Turkey, and in the Fourth Interstate Application of Cyprus against Turkey of 10 May 2001, upheld the rights of the refugees to their properties. In the Loizidou case, the Court ordered the Government of Turkey to compensate the applicant for the time period of deprivation of use of her property and to provide full access and allow peaceful enjoyment of her property in Kyrenia. The right of the displaced owners to their properties was reconfirmed in the decision of the European Court of Human Rights (Dec. 2005) regarding the application of Myra Xenides- Arestis v. Turkey, and has since been repeatedly reconfirmed in a multitude of cases brought by Greek Cypriot owners of property in the occupied part of Cyprus against Turkey]. It should also be reminded that, according to the United Nations Principles on Housing and Property Restitution for Refugees and Displaced Persons (the Pinheiro principles) “all refugees and displaced persons have the right to have restored to them any housing, land or property of which they were arbitrarily or unlawfully deprived..”. -
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Republic of Cyprus Topography: The Troodos Mountains, in the area; comprising 2.2 per cent of the total In 1974 Turkish troops invaded and central and western part of the island, rise to network. Cyprus has no railway. occupied the northern 36 per cent of the 1,951 metres at Mount Olympus. The Republic of Cyprus. This area was later Major ports are at Larnaca and Limassol. Troodos, of infertile igneous rock, are declared independent. The secession has characterised by steep slopes, narrow valleys Nicosia airport was closed in 1974. There are not been recognised internationally, and precipices. The Kyrenia Mountains (also international airports 5 km south of Larnaca, except by Turkey. The UN and known as the Pentadaktylos range), along the and 15 km east of Paphos. Commonwealth have for many years north coast, rise to 1,024 metres and are protested about the occupation and tried mainly limestone. Passes and valleys allow to resolve the problem by negotiation. Society access to the north coast. The fertile KEY FACTS 2013 Due to this division of the Republic of Messaoria Plain lies between them. About Cyprus, aggregated information is not half of its 186,000 hectares is irrigated. Most Population per sq km: 123 always available. Economic and social data water sources are in the south – all major Life expectancy: 80 years given here generally cover the government- rivers originate in the Troodos and flow east, Net primary enrolment: 98% controlled areas only, although legally and south or west. Many rivers dry up in the constitutionally the Republic of Cyprus summer. -
THE CYPRUS GREEN LINE – BRIDGING the GAP by Zachariasantoniades the Cyprus Buffer Zone Divides the Old City of Nicosia Into North and South • Abstract
Ch llenges for a new future THE CYPRUS GREEN LINE – BRIDGING GAP By Zacharias Antoniades The Cyprus buffer zone divides the old city of Nicosia into North and South • Abstract ............................... 06 • Introduction: Brief story of Nicosia ............................... 08 • "Borders are the scars of history". ............................... 14 • Lessons from Berlin ............................... 20 • Is a border purely a point of division, or can it also become one of contact between two ............................... 26 different cultures? Contents • “Third-spaces create space for envisioning ............................... 32 changes in divided cities” • The appropriate program for the appropriate ............................... 36 building. • Conclusion ............................... 42 • Bibliography ............................... 45 • Websites ............................... 47 3 4 Abstract Since 1974, Cyprus, the country that I call home has been divided in two parts, separating the two major ethnicities of the island (Greeks and Turks). In between these north and south parts lies the well-known Cyprus Buffer zone that to this day expresses the realities of the armed conflict that took place there four decades ago. This buffer zone rep- resents the lack of communication and mistrust that exists between the two ‘rival’ sides. As a Cypriot designer I felt the need to come up with an appropri- ate project that will bring people closer together, giving them the chance to communicate, debate, exchange knowledge and views and generally understand the needs of each side leading to a better and smoother social and cultural blend thus making it easier for the people to digest any future plans of total reunification. In order to get inspiration and a better understanding of how to deal with such situations I examined borders and their evolvement at differ- ent scales and contexts, but also looking at various peace-promoting projects in conflict zones. -
Results of the Herpetological Trips to Northern Cyprus
North-Western Journal of Zoology Vol. 4, No. 1, 2008, pp.139-149 [Online: Vol.4, 2008: 16] Results of the Herpetological Trips to Northern Cyprus Bayram GÖÇMEN1,*, Nazım KAŞOT1, Mehmet Zülfü YILDIZ1,2, Istvan SAS3, Bahadır AKMAN1, Deniz YALÇINKAYA1, Salih GÜCEL4 1. Ege University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Zoology Section, Tr 35100 Bornova, Izmir-Turkey 2. Harran University, Faculty of Art-Science, Department of Biology, Zoology Section, Osmanbey Campus, Sanliurfa-Turkey 3. University of Oradea, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Universităţii St. 1, Oradea 410087, Romania 4. Near East University, Environmental Sciences Institute, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus * Corresponding author: Bayram GÖÇMEN, E-mail: [email protected], Tel: 0 (232) 388 40 00/1795, Fax: 0 (232) 388 18 91 Abstract. During the three trips conducted to Northern Cyprus in 2007, we found that three frog and toad species (Anura), 11 lizards (Lacertilia), 3 turtles (Testudinata) and 9 snakes (Ophidia) inhabit the northern part of the Cyprus Island. The distributions of a total of 26 reptile and amphibian species were observed and some ecological information on their biotopes was summarized, and the taxonomic states of some of the species determined discussed. Key Words: Northern Cyprus, herpetofauna, snakes, lizards Cyprus, with 9251 km2 area, is the part of the island has a mountain chain third largest island after Sicily and which is called Pentadactylos, made of Sardinia in the Mediterranean Sea. It is mesozoic calcareous rocks, runs in east- located in 34o33’-35o42’ northern latitudes west direction and has the highest point and 32o16’-34o36’ eastern longitudes. -
The Latins of Cyprus Published by the Research, Studies and Publications Service of the House of Representatives, Republic of Cyprus
The Latins of Cyprus Published by the Research, Studies and Publications Service of the House of Representatives, Republic of Cyprus Coordination and supervision Georgia Andronikou, Service Director Anthi Tofari, Senior Ofcer for Research, Studies and Publications Research and texts Natassa Haralambous Andreas Papayiannis Sofa Papadopoulou Marianna Moyseos Elena Makrygiorgie Editing Natassa Haralambous Andreas Papayiannis Sofa Papadopoulou Translation Anastasia Korae Design Athena Sheittani Printing Government Printing Ofce ISBN 978-9963-39-084-4 (print) ISBN 978-9963-39-087-8 (ebook) © House of Representatives, Nicosia, November 2020 Javal Nechrou Avenue, 1402 Nicosia, Cyprus telephone: +357 22407315, fax: +357 22407290 [email protected], www.parliament.cy Table of contents Preface 7 Message by the Representative of the Latin religious group 9 Publisher’s note 11 Name and origin 13 The settlement and the frst years of the Latin Church in Cyprus 14 The Latin Church in Cyprus during the Frankish Rule and the Venetian Rule 15 The Latin Church in Cyprus during the Turkish Rule 19 The Latin Church in Cyprus during the British Rule 20 The Latin Church in Cyprus from Independence to date 21 Latin infuences on the Orthodox church architecture 22 Walls and fortresses during the period of the Frankish Rule and the Venetian Rule 25 Music 29 The assizes of the kingdom of Jerusalem and Cyprus 30 Infuences on Literature 31 Efect of the Latins on the Cypriot dialect 33 Toponyms related to the times of the Frankish Rule and the Venetian Rule 34 The -
CYPRUS Presen/Mg the Mediaeval Walls of Nicosia
Heritage at Risk 2002/2003 64 Cyprus CYPRUS The cultural heritage in the territories occupied by the Turkish Presen/mg the Mediaeval Walls of forces since 1974 are still inaccessible to the Department of Antiq- uities. Reports reaching the Department of Antiquities reveal the Nicosia continucd destruction of monasteries, churches and cemeteries in an effort to obliteratc aspects of Cyprus's cultural heritage. Nicosia is perhaps the oldest capital city in the Mediterranean. It Churches are demolished or used as bars or hotels in contradiction has been inhabited without break since at least the Chalcolithic to their original purpose or function. Recently, the Church of period (4000 BC). The town became the capital of the island dur- Prophet Avvacum at Ri/okarpaso was completely demolished. ing the 1 Ith Century, after the abandonment of the coastal towns The Venetian Walls of Nicosia, constructed in 1567, encircle due to the Arab raids. Only a few monuments survive from the the old city - which is itself divided in the Greek and Turkish sec- Byzantine period as most of them were remodelled by the Frank- tors. As a result, part of the Venetian Walls is within the Turkish ish Kings of the Lusignan dynasty; others were demolished later sector and in the so-called neutral zone. There have been serious by the Venetians in order to build another smaller fortification Problems with the preservation of the walls in this particular area. around the city. Examples of the French gothic architecture are the Since 1997, the Department of Antiquities has been pressing for cathedral of St. -
Page 1 GE.20-08066(E) Human Rights Council Forty-Third Session
United Nations A/HRC/43/G/41 General Assembly Distr.: General 18 June 2020 Original: English Human Rights Council Forty-third session 24 February–20 March 2020 Agenda item 2 Annual report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and reports of the Office of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General Note verbale dated 18 March 2020 from the Permanent Mission of Turkey to the United Nations Office at Geneva addressed to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights The Permanent Mission of the Republic of Turkey to the United Nations Office at Geneva and other international organizations in Switzerland presents its compliments to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, and has the honour to convey a copy of a letter by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Prof. Kudret Özersay (see annex), which reflects the Turkish Cypriot views on the report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the question of human rights in Cyprus (A/HRC/43/22), submitted to the Human Rights Council at its forty-third session. The Permanent Mission of the Republic of Turkey would appreciate it if the present note and the annex thereto* could be duly circulated as a document of the forty-third session of the Human Rights Council. * Reproduced as received, in the language of submission only. GE.20-08066(E) A/HRC/43/G/41 Annex to the note verbale dated 18 March 2020 from the Permanent Mission of Turkey to the United Nations Office at Geneva addressed to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Letter dated 13 March 2020 of H. -
Ancient Cyprus: Island of Conflict?
Ancient Cyprus: Island of Conflict? Maria Natasha Ioannou Thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy Discipline of Classics School of Humanities The University of Adelaide December 2012 Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................ III Declaration........................................................................................................... IV Acknowledgements ............................................................................................. V Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 1. Overview .......................................................................................................... 1 2. Background and Context ................................................................................. 1 3. Thesis Aims ..................................................................................................... 3 4. Thesis Summary .............................................................................................. 4 5. Literature Review ............................................................................................. 6 Chapter 1: Cyprus Considered .......................................................................... 14 1.1 Cyprus’ Internal Dynamics ........................................................................... 15 1.2 Cyprus, Phoenicia and Egypt ..................................................................... -
“Borders/ Debordering”
“BORDERS/ DEBORDERING” number 83/84 • volume 21, 2016 EDITED BY HELENA MOTOH MAJA BJELICA POLIGRAFI Editor-in-Chief: Helena Motoh (Univ. of Primorska) Editorial Board: Lenart Škof (Univ. of Primorska), Igor Škamperle (Univ. of Ljubljana), Mojca Terčelj (Univ. of Primorska), Miha Pintarič (Univ. of Ljubljana), Rok Svetlič (Univ. of Primorska), Anja Zalta (Univ. of Ljubljana) Editorial Office: University of Primorska, Science and Research Centre, Institute for Philosophical Studies, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia Phone: +386 5 6637 700, Fax: + 386 5 6637 710, E-mail: [email protected] http://www.poligrafi.si number 83/84, volume 21 (2016) “BORDERS/DEBORDERING” TOWARDS A NEW WORLD CULTURE OF HOSPITALITY Edited by Helena Motoh and Maja Bjelica International Editorial Board: Th. Luckmann (Universität Konstanz), D. Kleinberg-Levin (Northwestern University), R. A. Mall (Universität München), M. Ježić (Filozofski fakultet, Zagreb), D. Louw (University of the Free State, Bloemfontain), M. Volf (Yale University), K. Wiredu (University of South Florida), D. Thomas (University of Birmingham), M. Kerševan (Filozofska fakulteta, Ljubljana), F. Leoncini (Università degli Studi di Venezia), P. Zovatto (Università di Trieste), T. Garfitt (Oxford University), M. Zink (Collège de France), L. Olivé (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), A. Louth (Durham University), P. Imbert (University of Ottawa), Ö. Turan (Middle-East Technical University, Ankara), E. Krotz (Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán / Universidad Autónoma de Metropolitana-Iztapalapa),