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Purge the Alien Purge the Alien. The Other and the Subject in Warhammer 40,000 Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Magisters der Philosophie an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz vorgelegt von David PRANGL am Institut für Amerikanistik Begutachter: Klaus Rieser, Ao.Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr.phil. Graz, Juni 2013 Acknowledgments I would like to thank: My family for your support throughout the whole of my studies – especially in stressful times such as the last couple of months All the people who have in one way or another helped me during the said stressful times (you know who you are) Marcus for introducing me to the world of Warhammer 40,000, and Adrian for reinvigorating my interest, enthusiasm and joy for this very hobby that I have been neglecting for years Finally I would like to thank the writers of the soundtracks of Chaos Gate, Final Liberation, Rites of War, Warhammer 40,000: Space Marine and Dawn of War II for providing the musical accompaniment of my writing process. We don’t stop playing because we grow old; We grow old because we stop playing. -George Bernard Shaw Abbreviations In the course of this thesis strong reference to books from Games Workshop’s Warhammer 40,000-related corpus will be taken. The following lists contains the abbreviations for the books most frequently used as sources. CBA Codex: Blood Angels (Ward, 2009) CCD Codex: Chaos Daemons (Thorpe & Cavatore, 2007) CCSM Codex: Chaos Space Marines (Kelly, 2012) CCSMiv1 Codex: Chaos Space Marines (Thorpe & Cavatore, 2007) CDE Codex: Dark Eldar (Kelly, 2010) CE Codex: Eldar (Kelly, 2006) CIG Codex: Imperial Guard (Cruddace, 2008) CN Codex: Necrons (Ward, 2011) CO Codex: Orks (Kelly, 2007/2008) COiii Codex: Orks (Chambers, 1999) CSM Codex: Space Marines (Ward, 2008) CTE Codex: Tau Empire (Vetock, 2012) CTEiv Codex: Tau Empire (Hoare, 2005) CTY Codex: Tyranids (Cruddace, 2009) CTYiv Codex: Tyranids (Kelly & Chambers 2004) CWH Codex: Witch Hunters (Hoare & McNeill 2003) IUP The Imperial Infantryman’s Uplifting Primer (Ralphs, 2003) WH40K Warhammer 40,000 (Troke, Vetock & Ward, 2012; note: rulebook) Tab. 1: List of abbreviations 1 Small letter Latin numbers are used to indicate older Codex editions. Currently, the 6th edition of WH40K is in use. However, not every Codex is being reissued during each edition. Therefore the most recent editions of the Codices range from rulebook-edition 4 (e.g. Orks) to 6 (e.g. Tau Empire). Table of Contents 1. Introduction......................................................................................................................................1 2. Disambiguations...............................................................................................................................4 2.1. What is a tabletop game?.....................................................................................................4 2.2. Games Workshop.................................................................................................................4 2.3. Warhammer 40,000..............................................................................................................5 2.3.1. Playing Warhammer 40,000..............................................................................................5 2.3.2. The world of Warhammer 40,000.....................................................................................7 2.3.3. Human history in Warhammer 40,000..............................................................................7 2.3.4. Human society in Warhammer 40,000..............................................................................8 2.3.5. The Warp and psykers.....................................................................................................10 3. The factions of Warhammer 40,000...............................................................................................12 3.1. The Imperium of Mankind.................................................................................................12 a) The Imperial Guard.....................................................................................................12 b) The Space Marines .....................................................................................................13 c) The Sisters of Battle....................................................................................................15 3.2. The Orks ............................................................................................................................16 3.3. (Craftworld) Eldar and Dark Eldar....................................................................................19 3.4. Chaos..................................................................................................................................22 3.5. The Tyranids.......................................................................................................................24 3.6. The Necrons.......................................................................................................................27 3.7. The Tau...............................................................................................................................29 4. Theory.............................................................................................................................................31 4.1. On Identity.........................................................................................................................31 4.2. Of difference, mirrors, and the Rani of Sirmur – On the Other and ‘Othering’................31 4.3. Suture.................................................................................................................................34 4.4. Theoretical concept............................................................................................................34 5. (Level 1:) A galaxy at war – the Other in Warhammer 40,000 ......................................................37 5.1. Approaching the Other in Warhammer 40,000..................................................................37 5.2. The virtue of intolerance – the Other from the Imperial viewpoint..................................37 a) “The Enemy within”....................................................................................................38 b) “The Enemy without” and “beyond”...........................................................................40 c) The (friendly) Other amidst us....................................................................................41 5.3. We’re da hardest of da lot - Orkish Othering.....................................................................42 5.4. The stars once lived and died at our command – Eldar and the Other...............................44 5.5. Let the galaxy burn – the Chaos-perspective on the Other................................................46 5.6. The eternal struggle between life and death – the Tyranids and the Necrons....................48 5.7. For the greater good - The Other from the Tau perspective..............................................50 6. (Level 2:) Suture and identification................................................................................................52 6.1. On suture, part II – or how to dive into the world of Warhammer 40,000.........................52 6.2. The player identity.............................................................................................................52 6.3. Into the world.....................................................................................................................56 6.3.1. The role of the human viewpoint....................................................................................57 6.3.2. The Imperial Infantryman’s Uplifting Primer.................................................................58 7. (Level 3:) The sutured subject and the Other.................................................................................60 7.1. Introduction........................................................................................................................60 7.2. Narrative-external Othering...............................................................................................60 7.3. Cultural references and Othering.......................................................................................61 7.4. Sex and gender in Warhammer 40,000..............................................................................66 7.5. Changing it all....................................................................................................................70 8. Conclusion......................................................................................................................................71 9. References......................................................................................................................................73 Primary Sources........................................................................................................................73 Secondary Sources....................................................................................................................74 Online Sources..........................................................................................................................75 Picture Sources..........................................................................................................................76 Purge the Alien. The Other and the Subject in
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