WILLIAM PIERCE FRYE (Late a Senator from Maine)
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Election Division Presidential Electors Faqs and Roster of Electors, 1816
Election Division Presidential Electors FAQ Q1: How many presidential electors does Indiana have? What determines this number? Indiana currently has 11 presidential electors. Article 2, Section 1, Clause 2 of the Constitution of the United States provides that each state shall appoint a number of electors equal to the number of Senators or Representatives to which the state is entitled in Congress. Since Indiana has currently has 9 U.S. Representatives and 2 U.S. Senators, the state is entitled to 11 electors. Q2: What are the requirements to serve as a presidential elector in Indiana? The requirements are set forth in the Constitution of the United States. Article 2, Section 1, Clause 2 provides that "no Senator or Representative, or person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector." Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment also states that "No person shall be... elector of President or Vice-President... who, having previously taken an oath... to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. Congress may be a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability." These requirements are included in state law at Indiana Code 3-8-1-6(b). Q3: How does a person become a candidate to be chosen as a presidential elector in Indiana? Three political parties (Democratic, Libertarian, and Republican) have their presidential and vice- presidential candidates placed on Indiana ballots after their party's national convention. -
The Historic Failure of the Chicago School of Antitrust Mark Glick
Antitrust and Economic History: The Historic Failure of the Chicago School of Antitrust Mark Glick1 Working Paper No. 95 May 2019 ABSTRACT This paper presents an historical analysis of the antitrust laws. Its central contention is that the history of antitrust can only be understood in light of U.S. economic history and the succession of dominant economic policy regimes that punctuated that history. The antitrust laws and a subset of other related policies have historically focused on the negative consequences resulting from the rise, expansion, and dominance of big business. Antitrust specifically uses competition as its tool to address these problems. The paper traces the evolution of the emergence, growth and expansion of big business over six economic eras: the Gilded Age, the Progressive Era, the New Deal, the post-World War II Era, the 1970s, and the era of neoliberalism. It considers three policy regimes: laissez-faire during the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era, the New Deal, policy regime from the Depression through the early 1970s, and the neoliberal policy regime that dominates today and includes the Chicago School of antitrust. The principal conclusion of the paper is that the activist antitrust policies associated with the New Deal that existed from the late 1 Professor, Department of Economics, University of Utah. Email: [email protected]. I would like to thank members of the University of Utah Competition Group, Catherine Ruetschlin, Marshall Steinbaum, and Ted Tatos for their help and input. I also benefited from suggestions and guidance from Gérard Duménil’s 2019 seminar on economic history at the University of Utah. -
Committee on Appropriations UNITED STATES SENATE 135Th Anniversary
107th Congress, 2d Session Document No. 13 Committee on Appropriations UNITED STATES SENATE 135th Anniversary 1867–2002 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 2002 ‘‘The legislative control of the purse is the central pil- lar—the central pillar—upon which the constitutional temple of checks and balances and separation of powers rests, and if that pillar is shaken, the temple will fall. It is...central to the fundamental liberty of the Amer- ican people.’’ Senator Robert C. Byrd, Chairman Senate Appropriations Committee United States Senate Committee on Appropriations ONE HUNDRED SEVENTH CONGRESS ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia, TED STEVENS, Alaska, Ranking Chairman THAD COCHRAN, Mississippi ANIEL NOUYE Hawaii D K. I , ARLEN SPECTER, Pennsylvania RNEST OLLINGS South Carolina E F. H , PETE V. DOMENICI, New Mexico ATRICK EAHY Vermont P J. L , CHRISTOPHER S. BOND, Missouri OM ARKIN Iowa T H , MITCH MCCONNELL, Kentucky ARBARA IKULSKI Maryland B A. M , CONRAD BURNS, Montana ARRY EID Nevada H R , RICHARD C. SHELBY, Alabama ERB OHL Wisconsin H K , JUDD GREGG, New Hampshire ATTY URRAY Washington P M , ROBERT F. BENNETT, Utah YRON ORGAN North Dakota B L. D , BEN NIGHTHORSE CAMPBELL, Colorado IANNE EINSTEIN California D F , LARRY CRAIG, Idaho ICHARD URBIN Illinois R J. D , KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas IM OHNSON South Dakota T J , MIKE DEWINE, Ohio MARY L. LANDRIEU, Louisiana JACK REED, Rhode Island TERRENCE E. SAUVAIN, Staff Director CHARLES KIEFFER, Deputy Staff Director STEVEN J. CORTESE, Minority Staff Director V Subcommittee Membership, One Hundred Seventh Congress Senator Byrd, as chairman of the Committee, and Senator Stevens, as ranking minority member of the Committee, are ex officio members of all subcommit- tees of which they are not regular members. -
Saturday, March 04, 1893
.._ I I CONGRESSIONAL ; PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES QF THE FIUY-THIRD CONGRESS. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE. - ' SEN.ATE. ADDRESS OF THE VICE-ERESIDENT. The VICE-PRESIDENT. Senators, 'tleeply impressed with a S.A.TURlY.A.Y, Ma.rch 4, 1893. sense of its responsibilities and of its dignities, I now enter upon Hon. ADLAI E. STEVENSON, Vice-President _of the United the discharge of the duties of the high office to wJ:lich I have States, having taken the oath of office at the close of the last been called. regular session of the Fifty-second Congress, took the Qhair. I am not unmindful of the fact that among the occupants of this chair during the one hundred and four years of our consti PRAYER. tutional history have been statesmen eminent alike for their tal Rev. J. G. BUTLER, D. D., Chaplain to the Senate, offered the ents and for their tireless devotion to public duty. Adams, Jef following prayer: ferson, and Calhoun honored its incumbency during the early 0 Thou, with whom is no variableness or shadow of turning, days of the Republic, while Arthur, Hendricks, and Morton the unchangeable God, whose throne stands forever, and whose have at a later period of our history shed lust.er upon the office dominion ruleth over all; we seek a Father's blessing as we wait of President of the most august deliberatiVe assembly known to at the mercy seat. We bring to Thee our heart homage, God of men. our fathers, thanking Thee fqr our rich heritage of faith and of I assums the duties of the great trust confided to me with no freedom, hallowed bv the toils and tears, the valor and blood feeling of self-confidence, but rather with that of grave distrust and prayers, of our patriotdead. -
Grant Comes East: a Novel of the Civil War
Civil War Book Review Winter 2005 Article 41 Grant Comes East: A Novel of the Civil War Thomas Hill Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cwbr Recommended Citation Hill, Thomas (2005) "Grant Comes East: A Novel of the Civil War," Civil War Book Review: Vol. 7 : Iss. 1 . Available at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cwbr/vol7/iss1/41 Hill: Grant Comes East: A Novel of the Civil War Review Hill, Thomas Winter 2005 Gingrich, Newt and Forstchen, William R. Grant Comes East: A Novel of the Civil War. Thomas Dunne Books, $24.95 ISBN 312309376 Alternative account Authors produce their second what-if story What if the South had won the Battle of Gettysburg? This is the question addressed in Newt Gingrich and William R. Forstchen's Grant Comes East, the follow-up to their imaginatively entitled Gettysburg, in which Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia did indeed outmaneuver and defeat the Army of the Potomac at their critical clash in July of 1863. The backgrounds of both authors render them well-suited to speculating as to the military strategy and political wrangling that may have followed such a turn of events. In addition to being a former Speaker of the House, Gingrich holds a Ph.D. in history, is a visiting professor at the National Defense University, and serves as a member of Donald Rumsfeld's Defense Policy Board. Forstchen, the more experienced author with over 30 previous books, is an associate professor of history at Montreat College. The novel opens with Ulysses S. -
John W. Foster, Soldier and Politician by DANIELW
John W. Foster, Soldier and Politician By DANIELW. SNEPP Indiana’s sons have occupied a number of important gov- ernmental offices in Washington and diplomatic posts abroad. No Hoosier, however, has served his country longer or more faithfully than John Watson Foster. His public life spans a half century of diplomatic conflict in which the United States rose to the undisputed position of a world power. In the pres- ent generation, few, except students of diplomatic history and international law, have heard the name of John W. Foster or read his scholarly works on diplomacy and world peace. No published biography has yet recorded his achievements and no monument has been raised to perpetuate his memory. Nevertheless this obscure man was regarded by Ambassador James Bryce as “the most distinguished diplomat of our time,” and by Secretary of State Frelinghuysen as the most valuable man in foreign service in his day. Mr. Foster represented the United States upon more different missions of first rank than any other person, and was accordingly called by Chauncey M. DePew, “the handy-man of the State Department.” Andrew Johnson excepted, Foster served in one capacity or another under every president from Abraham Lincoln to Theodore Roosevelt. Diplomacy was to Foster not merely a calling, it was a profession. This article, however, is concerned only with that part of his life spent in Indiana. Foster’s English ancestry may be traced to the hardy tradespeople on his mother’s side and to the staunch yeoman class on his father’s side. The strain of the depression which followed on the heels of the Napoleonic Wars in England, fell most severely upon the middle class, great numbers of whom migrated to America. -
George Edmunds of Vermont: Republican Half-Breed
As much as any U. S. Senator of the post-Civil War genera tion, George F. Edmunds represents the character, ideas, and influence of a particular wing of the Republican Party.... George Edmunds of Vermont: Republican Half-Breed By RICHARD E. WELCH, JR. AMONG the major New England politicians of the post-Civil War J-\. generation, one of the more elusive is George F. Edmunds of Vermont. A United States senator torm 1866 to 1891, he was recognized by leaders of both parties as one of the hardest workers iri the senate and perhaps its ablest constitutional lawyer. After his retirement from politics, he was a highly successful corporation lawyer, a prominent spokesman for the Anti-Imperialist movement of 1898-1900, and a family monarch until his death in 1919 at the age of ninety-one. His was a full and an active life, but it has received little attention from historians. There exists no biography of Edmunds, nor even a biographi cal notice later than the publication of the Dictionary of American Biography in 1931. He has faded into the shadow-land reserved for the footnote figures of American history. One reason for this is the absence of a collection of "Edmunds Papers." There is a strong correlation between the size of a man's documentary legacy and the fascination he holds for historians. Ed munds left orders that all his personal papers be burned upon his death, and they were. There are, of course, other possible reasons for Edmunds' neglect by the historical profession. The biographer who seeks a colorful subject would not find Edmunds attractive. -
Portland Daily Press: February 03,1882
PORTLAND DAILY PRESS. ESTABLISHED JUNE 23, I862.-TOL. 10. WEDNESDAY PORTLAND, MORNING, JUNE 4, 1879. TERMS $8.00 PEE ANNUM, dTaDYANCe” jiil IVIHLAKD DAILY TRESS, CITY ADVERTISEMENTS. who in the Rebellion of Published every day (Sundays excepted) by the INSURANCE. fought their just Memorial MISCELLANEOUS.__ ___ THE PRES8. Striking Address. I_ and equal share and inlluence in tho Gov- PORTLAND FVBLISSISIVG CO., CITY OF PORTLAND. but I do insist that the At 109 WEDNESDAY ernment; people who Exchange St., Portland. MORNING, JUNE 4. Wendell Phlliip3 on the Lessons of The Drains and Sewers to still hold to a doctrine which is subversive Terms : Eight Dollars a Year. To mail subscrib- Build. ers I of all which from tho Day. Seven Dollars a if in advance. FREE I AVe do not read government, it Year, paid TICKETS anonymous letters and communi- day will be received tlie Com- Proposals by was first in SEALEDmittee on Drains and Sewers till MONDAY, cations. 1 he name and address of the writer are in conceived, was itself incipient THE MAINeTsTATE TRESS the 9th at 12 o’clock hist., noon, for building Sew- TO all cases indispensable, not necessarily for publica- treason, which has desolated The following is the memorial address de- is ers in Elm, Congress, West Commer- nearly every published every Thursday Morning at $2.50 a Cumberland, tion but as a of faith. livered cial and North to aud guaranty good household in the shall no by Wendell Decoration year, if paid in advance at $2.00 a year. Streets, according plaus speci- land, have more Phillips, Day fications at City Civil Engineer's office. -
Portland Daily Press: April 03,1873
PORTLAND DAILY PRESS. 1862. VOL. 12. ESTABLISHED JUNE 23. PORTLAND, THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 3, 1873._TERMS $8.00 PER ANNUM IN ADVANCE. DAILY PRESS THF PORTLAND BUSINESS CARDS. WANTS, LOST, FOUND. THE It is well kuown that most ot the trouble the PBESST u life comes from our inability to compel Published every day (Sundays excepted) by THURSDAY Jther people to do what we think they ought, POBTLAND Pl'BLISHING CO., HENRY F. T. MERRILL, Found. MORNI^IprTTl 1873 and it is true jn criticism that we are un- SAFE KEY. The owner can have the Bamo willing to lake a book for what it Is. and at 109 Exchange St, Portland. COUNSELOR AT LAW, at the Press Office. ci A by calling ap2dlw Gossip and Gleanings. edit the author with that. When the pol- No. 30 Exchange Hi., Portland. Terms : Eight Dollars a Year in advance. ®'"n. critic, like a mastiff with a ladies’ b' n- Formerly of the U. S. Treaaury and Wanted. ““ Department Peach will be one of the fashionable hold of a of In all the courts in the District of colors vuL!? U1°uth, gets light piece THE PRESS Attorney o'umbia, GARDENER f r the State Home, at MAINE~STATE will attend to the of Orphans’ for which catches the prosecution lairas telore the A Bath, Me. Steady employment will be given this spring, especially carriage toilettes. hnmor°nra 8r?;sketch Court of Claims and the various at lor the entertainment of is published every Thursday Morning at $2 50 a departments to the right man. -
The 13Th Amendment Signed by Abraham Lincoln
Abolishing Slavery: The 13th Amendment Signed by Abraham Lincoln “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude…shall exist within the United States” Abraham Lincoln. Manuscript Document Signed (“Abraham Lincoln”) as President, with his Autograph Endorsement (“Approved. February 1, 1865.”) Washington, D.C., ca. February 1, 1865. Co-signed by Hannibal Hamlin as Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate, Schuyler Colfax as Speaker of the House, and John W. Forney as Secretary of the Senate. 1 p., 15 1/16 x 20 in., on lined vellum with ruled borders. #22159 This amendment, outlawing slavery and involuntary servitude, was the first substantive change to America’s conception of its liberties since the Bill of Rights was ratified in 1791. After signing the original resolution on February 1, Lincoln responded to a serenade, and to questions about the legality of the Emancipation Proclamation and prior efforts to eradicate slavery, by saying that the amendment “is a king’s cure for all the evils. It winds the whole thing up.” Transcript: A Duplicate. Thirty-Eighth Congress of the United States of America, at the second session, begun and held at the City of Washington, on Monday the fifth day of December, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-four. A Resolution submitting to the legislatures of the several States a proposition to amend the Constitution of the United States. Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, (two-thirds of both Houses concurring,) That the following article be proposed to the legislatures of the several States as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which, when ratified by three-fourths of said legislatures, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as a part of the said Constitution, namely: Article XIII. -
CHAIRMEN of SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–Present
CHAIRMEN OF SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–present INTRODUCTION The following is a list of chairmen of all standing Senate committees, as well as the chairmen of select and joint committees that were precursors to Senate committees. (Other special and select committees of the twentieth century appear in Table 5-4.) Current standing committees are highlighted in yellow. The names of chairmen were taken from the Congressional Directory from 1816–1991. Four standing committees were founded before 1816. They were the Joint Committee on ENROLLED BILLS (established 1789), the joint Committee on the LIBRARY (established 1806), the Committee to AUDIT AND CONTROL THE CONTINGENT EXPENSES OF THE SENATE (established 1807), and the Committee on ENGROSSED BILLS (established 1810). The names of the chairmen of these committees for the years before 1816 were taken from the Annals of Congress. This list also enumerates the dates of establishment and termination of each committee. These dates were taken from Walter Stubbs, Congressional Committees, 1789–1982: A Checklist (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985). There were eleven committees for which the dates of existence listed in Congressional Committees, 1789–1982 did not match the dates the committees were listed in the Congressional Directory. The committees are: ENGROSSED BILLS, ENROLLED BILLS, EXAMINE THE SEVERAL BRANCHES OF THE CIVIL SERVICE, Joint Committee on the LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, LIBRARY, PENSIONS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS, RETRENCHMENT, REVOLUTIONARY CLAIMS, ROADS AND CANALS, and the Select Committee to Revise the RULES of the Senate. For these committees, the dates are listed according to Congressional Committees, 1789– 1982, with a note next to the dates detailing the discrepancy. -
The Cincinnati Daily Star
THE CINCINNATI DAILY STAR ,:T To nt 3-- , copyKc-.",u,:;,- 132. VOL. 17. Subscribers1 WEDNESDAY EVENTS" ; JtTNE 2, 1880. smsie sss: xo. first ballot, Colonel R. C Parson being the lot and 470 against the Unit Rule. They a' so shall fill it without respect of peison or of desire South Carolina W. J. Whipple. Wimaa't Wisdom. O claim a majority of the Committee on Rules. among the delegates of this Convention." Tennessee-- W. P. Cote. "She insists that it is of more imparl 110; SECRETARIES AND CLERKS. Texas Wm. Chambers. Grant, 800: Blaine. 275: Sherman, 100 to The latest estimates of the first ballot are: ance, that ber family shall be kept in fall Fourth Edition. Washbume, 85 to 40; Windom, 10. - The temporary Secretaries aud Clerks were elect- Vermont H. C. Beldon. health, than that she should Have all cm Grant, 813; Blaine, 290; Sherman, 125; Wash- BLAINK DEMONSTRATIONS, ETC ed as follows: John H. Roberts, ot Illinois, snd West Vlrglula- -J. H. Riley. fashionable dresses and styles of the tntaa. burne, 24; Windom, 10, based on Edmunds' The Blaine Club of Maine, headed by a band, C. L. McT.ee, Pennsylvania, temporary Secre. Virginia Blank. She therefore sees to it, that each meiuberaf last night serenaded the various Blaine delega withdrawal. The Grant men, however, claim a taries; Charles Klibe, of Michigan, James Wisconsin W. E. Carter. ber family is supplied with eiiorgn 11 f tions at tha hotels, flenitral Manslield. of Cali majority on the ballot If the Grant party goes to reading CUta; Eugene Davis, of New RULES AND ORDER OF BUSINESS, Bitters, at the first ai'prarunce oi astjr fornia, during a response, said that the latest accu- vote York, Stenographer.