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INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter free, while others may be from any type o f computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are m is^ g pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., m ^ s, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the orignal, begnning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. KGgher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Infoimation Compaiy 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE “ ‘TIS SOMETHING, NOTHING”, A SEARCH FOR RADIO SUPERNOVAE A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By CHRISTOPHER R. -
Astronomy Binder
Astronomy Binder Bloomington High School South 2011 Contents 1 Astronomical Distances 2 1.1 Geometric Methods . 2 1.2 Spectroscopic Methods . 4 1.3 Standard Candle Methods . 4 1.4 Cosmological Redshift . 5 1.5 Distances to Galaxies . 5 2 Age and Size 6 2.1 Measuring Age . 6 2.2 Measuring Size . 7 3 Variable Stars 7 3.1 Pulsating Variable Stars . 7 3.1.1 Cepheid Variables . 7 3.1.2 RR Lyrae Variables . 8 3.1.3 RV Tauri Variables . 8 3.1.4 Long Period/Semiregular Variables . 8 3.2 Binary Variables . 8 3.3 Cataclysmic Variables . 11 3.3.1 Classical Nova . 11 3.3.2 Recurrent Novae . 11 3.3.3 Dwarf Novae (U Geminorum) . 11 3.3.4 X-Ray Binary . 11 3.3.5 Polar (AM Herculis) star . 12 3.3.6 Intermediate Polar (DQ Herculis) star . 12 3.3.7 Super Soft Source (SSS) . 12 3.3.8 VY Sculptoris stars . 12 3.3.9 AM Canum Venaticorum stars . 12 3.3.10 SW Sextantis stars . 13 3.3.11 Symbiotic Stars . 13 3.3.12 Pulsating White Dwarfs . 13 4 Galaxy Classification 14 4.1 Elliptical Galaxies . 14 4.2 Spirals . 15 4.3 Classification . 16 4.4 The Milky Way Galaxy (MWG . 19 4.4.1 Scale Height . 19 4.4.2 Magellanic Clouds . 20 5 Galaxy Interactions 20 6 Interstellar Medium 21 7 Active Galactic Nuclei 22 7.1 AGN Equations . 23 1 8 Spectra 25 8.1 21 cm line . 26 9 Black Holes 26 9.1 Stellar Black Holes . -
Ghost Imaging of Space Objects
Ghost Imaging of Space Objects Dmitry V. Strekalov, Baris I. Erkmen, Igor Kulikov, and Nan Yu Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109-8099 USA NIAC Final Report September 2014 Contents I. The proposed research 1 A. Origins and motivation of this research 1 B. Proposed approach in a nutshell 3 C. Proposed approach in the context of modern astronomy 7 D. Perceived benefits and perspectives 12 II. Phase I goals and accomplishments 18 A. Introducing the theoretical model 19 B. A Gaussian absorber 28 C. Unbalanced arms configuration 32 D. Phase I summary 34 III. Phase II goals and accomplishments 37 A. Advanced theoretical analysis 38 B. On observability of a shadow gradient 47 C. Signal-to-noise ratio 49 D. From detection to imaging 59 E. Experimental demonstration 72 F. On observation of phase objects 86 IV. Dissemination and outreach 90 V. Conclusion 92 References 95 1 I. THE PROPOSED RESEARCH The NIAC Ghost Imaging of Space Objects research program has been carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Caltech. The program consisted of Phase I (October 2011 to September 2012) and Phase II (October 2012 to September 2014). The research team consisted of Drs. Dmitry Strekalov (PI), Baris Erkmen, Igor Kulikov and Nan Yu. The team members acknowledge stimulating discussions with Drs. Leonidas Moustakas, Andrew Shapiro-Scharlotta, Victor Vilnrotter, Michael Werner and Paul Goldsmith of JPL; Maria Chekhova and Timur Iskhakov of Max Plank Institute for Physics of Light, Erlangen; Paul Nu˜nez of Coll`ege de France & Observatoire de la Cˆote d’Azur; and technical support from Victor White and Pierre Echternach of JPL. -
Arxiv:2103.07476V1 [Astro-Ph.GA] 12 Mar 2021
FERMILAB-PUB-21-075-AE-LDRD Draft version September 3, 2021 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX63 The DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey: Overview and First Data Release A. Drlica-Wagner ,1, 2, 3 J. L. Carlin ,4 D. L. Nidever ,5, 6 P. S. Ferguson ,7, 8 N. Kuropatkin ,1 M. Adamow´ ,9, 10 W. Cerny ,2, 3 Y. Choi ,11 J. H. Esteves,12 C. E. Mart´ınez-Vazquez´ ,13 S. Mau ,14, 15 A. E. Miller,16, 17 B. Mutlu-Pakdil ,2, 3 E. H. Neilsen ,1 K. A. G. Olsen ,6 A. B. Pace ,18 A. H. Riley ,7, 8 J. D. Sakowska ,19 D. J. Sand ,20 L. Santana-Silva ,21 E. J. Tollerud ,11 D. L. Tucker ,1 A. K. Vivas ,13 E. Zaborowski,2 A. Zenteno ,13 T. M. C. Abbott ,13 S. Allam ,1 K. Bechtol ,22, 23 C. P. M. Bell ,16 E. F. Bell ,24 P. Bilaji,2, 3 C. R. Bom ,25 J. A. Carballo-Bello ,26 D. Crnojevic´ ,27 M.-R. L. Cioni ,16 A. Diaz-Ocampo,28 T. J. L. de Boer ,29 D. Erkal ,19 R. A. Gruendl ,30, 31 D. Hernandez-Lang,32, 13, 33 A. K. Hughes,20 D. J. James ,34 L. C. Johnson ,35 T. S. Li ,36, 37, 38 Y.-Y. Mao ,39, 38 D. Mart´ınez-Delgado ,40 P. Massana,19, 41 M. McNanna ,22 R. Morgan ,22 E. O. Nadler ,14, 15 N. E. D. Noel¨ ,19 A. Palmese ,1, 2 A. H. G. Peter ,42 E. S. -
Rhodri Evans
Rhodri Evans The Cosmic Microwave Background How It Changed Our Understanding of the Universe Astronomers’ Universe More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/6960 Rhodri Evans The Cosmic Microwave Background How It Changed Our Understanding of the Universe 123 Rhodri Evans School of Physics & Astronomy Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom ISSN 1614-659X ISSN 2197-6651 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-319-09927-9 ISBN 978-3-319-09928-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09928-6 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: : 2014957530 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. -
April 14 2018 7:00Pm at the April 2018 Herrett Center for Arts & Science College of Southern Idaho
Snake River Skies The Newsletter of the Magic Valley Astronomical Society www.mvastro.org Membership Meeting President’s Message Tim Frazier Saturday, April 14th 2018 April 2018 7:00pm at the Herrett Center for Arts & Science College of Southern Idaho. It really is beginning to feel like spring. The weather is more moderate and there will be, hopefully, clearer skies. (I write this with some trepidation as I don’t want to jinx Public Star Party Follows at the it in a manner similar to buying new equipment will ensure at least two weeks of Centennial Observatory cloudy weather.) Along with the season comes some great spring viewing. Leo is high overhead in the early evening with its compliment of galaxies as is Coma Club Officers Berenices and Virgo with that dense cluster of extragalactic objects. Tim Frazier, President One of my first forays into the Coma-Virgo cluster was in the early 1960’s with my [email protected] new 4 ¼ inch f/10 reflector and my first star chart, the epoch 1960 version of Norton’s Star Atlas. I figured from the maps I couldn’t miss seeing something since Robert Mayer, Vice President there were so many so closely packed. That became the real problem as they all [email protected] appeared as fuzzy spots and the maps were not detailed enough to distinguish one galaxy from another. I still have that atlas as it was a precious Christmas gift from Gary Leavitt, Secretary my grandparents but now I use better maps, larger scopes and GOTO to make sure [email protected] it is M84 or M86. -
FY13 High-Level Deliverables
National Optical Astronomy Observatory Fiscal Year Annual Report for FY 2013 (1 October 2012 – 30 September 2013) Submitted to the National Science Foundation Pursuant to Cooperative Support Agreement No. AST-0950945 13 December 2013 Revised 18 September 2014 Contents NOAO MISSION PROFILE .................................................................................................... 1 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 2 2 NOAO ACCOMPLISHMENTS ....................................................................................... 4 2.1 Achievements ..................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Status of Vision and Goals ................................................................................. 5 2.2.1 Status of FY13 High-Level Deliverables ............................................ 5 2.2.2 FY13 Planned vs. Actual Spending and Revenues .............................. 8 2.3 Challenges and Their Impacts ............................................................................ 9 3 SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES AND FINDINGS .............................................................. 11 3.1 Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory ....................................................... 11 3.2 Kitt Peak National Observatory ....................................................................... 14 3.3 Gemini Observatory ........................................................................................ -
Stefano Cristiani - Publications
Stefano Cristiani - Publications. [H index=83, source Google Scholar] July 11, 2021 1 Refereed Papers 249) The probabilistic random forest applied to the selection of quasar candidates in the QUBRICS survey, Guarneri, F., Calderone, G., Cristiani, S., et al., 2021, MNRAS.tmp, 248) Less and more IGM-transmitted galaxies from z ∼ 2:7 to z ∼ 6 from VANDELS and VUDS, Thomas, R., Pentericci, L., Le Fvre, O., et al., 2021, A & A, 650, A63 247) The Luminosity Function of Bright QSOs at z ∼ 4 and Implications for the Cosmic Ionizing Back- ground, Boutsia, K., Grazian, A., Fontanot, F., et al., 2021, ApJ, 912, 111 246) Six transiting planets and a chain of Laplace resonances in TOI-178, Leleu, A., Alibert, Y., Hara, N. C., et al., 2021, A & A, 649, A26 245) A sub-Neptune and a non-transiting Neptune-mass companion unveiled by ESPRESSO around the bright late-F dwarf HD 5278 (TOI-130), Sozzetti, A., Damasso, M., Bonomo, A. S., et al., 2021, A & A, 648, A75 244 The VANDELS ESO public spectroscopic survey. Final data release of 2087 spectra and spectroscopic measurements, Garilli, B., McLure, R., Pentericci, L., et al., 2021, A & A, 647, A150 243) The atmosphere of HD 209458b seen with ESPRESSO. No detectable planetary absorptions at high resolution, Casasayas-Barris, N., Palle, E., Stangret, M., et al., 2021, A & A, 647, A26 242) ESPRESSO high-resolution transmission spectroscopy of WASP-76 b, Tabernero, H. M., Zapatero Osorio, M. R., Allart, R., et al., 2021, A & A, 646, A158 241) Fundamental physics with ESPRESSO: Towards an accurate wavelength calibration for a precision test of the fine-structure constant, Schmidt, T. -
Infrared and Optical Spectroscopy of Type Ia Supernovae in the Nebular
Infrared and Optical Spectroscopy of Type Ia Supernovae in the Nebular Phase E.J.C. Bowers1, W.P.S. Meikle1, T.R. Geballe 2, N.A. Walton3, P.A. Pinto4, V.S. Dhillon5, S.B. Howell6, M.K. Harrop-Allin7. 1Astrophysics Group, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BZ, UK 2Joint Astronomy Centre, 660 N. A’ohoku Place, University Park, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA 3Royal Greenwich Observatory, Apartado de Correos 321, 38780 Santa Cruz de La Palma, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain 4Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA 5Royal Greenwich Observatory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK 6Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Wyoming, PO Box 3905, University Station, Laramie, WY 82071, USA 7Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dork- ing, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK arXiv:astro-ph/9707119v1 10 Jul 1997 1 Abstract We present near-infrared (NIR) spectra for Type Ia supernovae at epochs of 13 to 338 days after maximum blue light. Some contemporary optical spectra are also shown. All the NIR spectra exhibit considerable structure throughout the J-, H- and K-bands. In particular they exhibit a flux ‘deficit’ in the J-band which persists as late as 175 days. This is responsible for the well-known red J-H colour. To identify the emission features and test the 56Ni hypothesis for the explosion and subsequent light curve, we compare the NIR and optical nebular- phase data with a simple non-LTE nebular spectral model. We find that many of the spectral features are due to iron-group elements and that the J-band deficit is due to a lack of emission lines from species which dominate the rest of the IR/optical spectrum. -
A Photometric Search for Active Main Belt Asteroids S
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. MBCsearch c ESO 2018 May 15, 2018 A photometric search for active Main Belt asteroids S. Cikota1, J. L. Ortiz2, A. Cikota3, N. Morales2, and G. Tancredi4 1 Physics Department, University of Split, Nikole Tesle 12, 21000 Split, Croatia. e-mail: [email protected] 2 Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía - CSIC, Apt 3004, 18008 Granada, Spain. 3 Institute for Astro- and Particle Physics, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25/8, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. 4 Observatorio Astronómico Los Molinos DICYT-MEC Cno. de los Molinos 5769, 12400 Montevideo, Uruguay. May 15, 2018 ABSTRACT It is well known that some Main Belt asteroids show comet-like features. A representative example is the first known Main Belt comet 133P/(7968) Elst-Pizarro. If the mechanisms causing this activity are too weak to develop visually evident comae or tails, the objects stay unnoticed. We are presenting a novel way to search for active asteroids, based on looking for objects with deviations from their expected brightnesses in a database. Just by using the MPCAT-OBS Observation Archive we have found five new candidate objects that possibly show a type of comet-like activity, and the already known Main Belt comet 133P/(7968) Elst-Pizarro. Four of the new candidates, (315) Constantia, (1026) Ingrid, (3646) Aduatiques, and (24684) 1990 EU4, show brightness deviations independent of the object’s heliocentric distance, while (35101) 1991 PL16 shows deviations dependent on its heliocentric distance, which could be an indication of a thermal triggered mechanism. The method could be implemented in future sky survey programmes to detect outbursts on Main Belt objects almost simultaneously with their occurrence. -
Understanding the Past to Prepare for the Future. a Conference Report
Rapa Nui, Chile, August 8-13 2016 Supernovae through the ages: understanding the past to prepare for the future. A conference report The sn2016 organisation team1, Joe Anderson2, Natalia Atencio1, Makarena Estrella1 Francisco F¨orster3;1, Lluis Galbany1;3, Denise Gomez1, Mario Hamuy3;1, Jos´eLuis Prieto5;1, Katalin Tak´ats1;6 1 Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, Chile 2 European Southern Observatory, Alonso de C´ordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile 3 Departamento de Astronom´ıa,Universidad de Chile, Camino el Observatorio 1515, Santiago, Chile 4 Center for Mathematical Modelling, University of Chile, Beaucheff 851, Santiago, Chile 5 N´ucleode Astronom´ıade la Facultad de Ingenier´ıaY Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ej´ercito441, Santiago, Chile 6 Departamento de Ciencias Fisicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Avda. Republica 252, Santiago, Chile Abstract In August 2016 the Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) organised a scientific con- ference on the topic of supernovae (SNe), on Easter Island, Chile. Almost 140 participants attended the conference, which celebrated the careers of Mark Phillips and Nick Suntzeff: two pioneers of modern SN science. Here, we provide an overview of the conference organi- sation, together with an analysis and discussion of the results of a post-conference survey. We discuss the scientific schedule, highlighting a number of key lines of investigation cov- ered by the program. The conference covered a wide range of SN related topics with an overall focus on current/future surveys and facilities: discussing the associated science to- gether with the problems that the community faces in the era of big data, and early-time detection and follow-up of SNe: discussing survey techniques and constraints on SN physics. -
Low Hubble Constant from Type Ia Supernovae by Van Den Bergh's
Low Hubble Constant from Type Ia Supernovae by van den Bergh’s Method David Branch, Adam Fisher, E. Baron & Peter Nugent Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0225 (January 25, 2018) An interesting way to calibrate the absolute magnitudes of remote Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) 1 that are well out in the Hubble flow , and thus determine the value of the Hubble constant, H0, has been introduced by van den Bergh2. His approach relies on calculations3 of the peak absolute magnitudes and broad–band colors for SN Ia explosion models. It does not require any corrections for extinction by interstellar dust, and no SNe Ia are excluded on grounds of peculiarity. Within the last few years distances have been determined to the parent galaxies of six SNe Ia by means − of Cepheid variables4 10 . Cepheid–based distances also have become available for three other SNe Ia if one is willing to use the distance to a galaxy in the same group in lieu of the distance to the parent galaxy itself. Here we determine the value of H0 in a way that is analogous to that of van den Bergh, but now using Cepheid–based distances instead of calculated light curves. We obtain −1 −1 H0 = 55 ± 5 km s Mpc . This value, with Λ = 0 and Ω = 1, corresponds to a cosmic expansion time of 12 ± 1 Gyr, which is consistent with several recent determinations of the ages of globular clusters. van den Bergh noted that the explosion–model light curves obey a relation between the peak visual absolute magnitude MV and the B − V color, with a slope that is nearly the same as that of the standard extinction law, AV /E(B − V )=3.1.