Some Brief Information on Al-Sihah Al-Sitta. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 05 (73), 611-620
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ISRA (India) = 3.117 SIS (USA) = 0.912 ICV (Poland) = 6.630 ISI (Dubai, UAE) = 0.829 РИНЦ (Russia) = 0.156 PIF (India) = 1.940 Impact Factor: GIF (Australia) = 0.564 ESJI (KZ) = 8.716 IBI (India) = 4.260 JIF = 1.500 SJIF (Morocco) = 5.667 OAJI (USA) = 0.350 QR – Issue QR – Article SOI: 1.1/TAS DOI: 10.15863/TAS International Scientific Journal Theoretical & Applied Science p-ISSN: 2308-4944 (print) e-ISSN: 2409-0085 (online) Year: 2019 Issue: 05 Volume: 73 Published: 30.05.2019 http://T-Science.org Abdulaziz Abdushukur ugli Abdurazzakov Student, Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies Nodir Rakhmonqulovich Karimov PhD student Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies SOME BRIEF INFORMATION ON AL-SIHAH AL-SITTA Abstract: This article gives brief information on al-kutub al-sitta which means six books containing collections of hadith (sayings or acts of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) compiled by six Sunni Muslim scholars in the ninth century CE. They are sometimes referred to as Al-Sihah al-Sittah, which translates as "The Authentic Six". It also covers some data on the authors of famous six books. Key words: al-kutub al-sitta, hadith, Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi. Language: English Citation: Abdurazzakov, A. A., & Karimov, N. R. (2019). Some brief information on Al-Sihah Al-Sitta. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 05 (73), 611-620. Soi: http://s-o-i.org/1.1/TAS-05-73-96 Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2019.05.73.96 Introduction Main part A very important source of Islamic law, not to The Kutub al-Sittah are six (originally five) say interpretation of the Qur’an, comes from the books containing collections of hadith (sayings or acts traditional saying of the Prophet and those close to of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) compiled by him. These have been collected and are called hadith. six Sunni Muslim scholars in the ninth century CE. Many collections (ahadith, sing. hadith) had been They are sometimes referred to as Al-Sihah al-Sittah, made during the third century/ninth century , but six which translates as "The Authentic Six". They were work become recognize as authoritative in Sunni first formally grouped and defined by Ibn al- Islam, especially the Sahih al-Bukhari and and the Qaisarani in the 11th century, who added Sunan ibn Sahih Muslim. The adjective Sahih actually means Majah to the list[25, p.36; 2,p.86; 34, p.47]. Since accredited: the other four are also highly esteemed, but then, they have enjoyed near-universal acceptance as is allowed by the Muslim and the other texts are much part of the official canon of Sunni Islam. quoted and have became highly regarded, considered Not all Sunni Muslim jurisprudence scholars second to the Qur’an itself as sources of authority for agree on the addition of Ibn Majah. In particular, the laws and customs of Islam. The al-kutub al-sitta the Malikis and Ibn al-Athir consider al-Mawatta' to (‘the six books) comprise the canonical hadith be the sixth book.The reason for the addition of Ibn literature and, as such, form the main sources for Majah's Sunan is that it contains many Hadiths which traditional law. The Muwatta of Imam Malik is not do not figure in the other five, whereas all the Hadiths really a collection of ahadith in the sense of the legal in the Muwatta' figure in the other Sahih books [27, traditions for its own sake, but includes them p.39]. specifically as a guide to law, and so is a useful source Sunni Muslims view the six major hadith also. Some Muslim authorities include it instead of the collections as their most important, though the order Sunan of Ibn Maja among the six canonical of authenticity varies between Madhhabs [5, p.36] collections. 1. Sahih Bukhari, collected by Imam Bukhari (d. 256 AH, 870 CE), includes 7,275 ahadith 2. Sahih Muslim, collected by Muslim b. al- Hajjaj (d. 261 AH, 875 CE), includes 9,200 ahadith Philadelphia, USA 611 ISRA (India) = 3.117 SIS (USA) = 0.912 ICV (Poland) = 6.630 ISI (Dubai, UAE) = 0.829 РИНЦ (Russia) = 0.156 PIF (India) = 1.940 Impact Factor: GIF (Australia) = 0.564 ESJI (KZ) = 8.716 IBI (India) = 4.260 JIF = 1.500 SJIF (Morocco) = 5.667 OAJI (USA) = 0.350 3. Sunan Abu Dawood, collected by Abu Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī also known as Bukhari Sharif Dawood (d. 275 AH, 888 CE), includes 4,800 ahadith is one of the Kutub al-Sittah (six 4. Jami al-Tirmidhi, collected by al- major hadith collections) of Sunni Islam. These Tirmidhi (d. 279 AH, 892 CE), includes 3,956 ahadith prophetic traditions, or hadith, were collected by the 5. Sunan al-Sughra, collected by al-Nasa'i (d. Muslim scholar Muhammad al-Bukhari. It was 303 AH, 915 CE), includes 5,270 ahadith completed around 846 AD / 232 AH. Sunni Muslims 6. Either: view this as one of the two most trusted collections of 7. Sunan ibn Majah, collected by Ibn Majah (d. hadith along with Sahih Muslim [15, p.66;14, 273 AH, 887 CE), over 4,000 ahadith p.37]. The Arabic word sahih translates 8. Muwatta Malik, collected by Imam Malik (d. as authentic or correct [13, p.48]. Sahih al-Bukhari, 179 AH, 795 CE), 1,720 ahadith[2, p.66] . together with Sahih Muslim is known as Sahihayn. The first two, commonly referred to as the Two According to Ibn al-Salah the book is called: al- Sahihs as an indication of their authenticity, contain Jaami’ al-Sahih al-Musnad al-Mukhtasar min Umuri approximately seven thousand hadiths altogether if Rasooli-llahi wa sunanihi wa Ayyaamihi (The repetitions are not counted, according to Ibn Hajar[27, Abridged Collection of Authentic Hadith with p.94] Connected Chains regarding Matters Pertaining to the According to the Cambridge History of Iran:[18, Prophet, His practices and His Times)[4, p.25]Ibn p.36]"After this period commences the age of the Hajar al-Asqalani mentioned the same title, replacing authors of the six canonical collections of Sunni the word umur (English: matters) with hadith[16, hadith, all of whom were Persian, except Imam Malik. p.36]. The authors of the six collections are as follows: Al-Bukhari traveled widely throughout 1. Muhammad b. Isma'il al-Bukhari, the author the Abbasid Caliphate from the age of 16, collecting of the Sahih Bukhari, which he composed over a those traditions he thought trustworthy. It is reported period of sixteen years. Traditional sources quote that al-Bukhari devoted 16 years to sifting the hadiths Bukhari as saying that he did not record any hadith he included in his Sahih from a collection of nearly before performing ablution and praying. Bukhari died 600,000 narrations. Sources differ on the exact near Samarqand in 256/869–70 number of hadiths in Bukhari's Sahih, depending on 2. Muslim b. Hajjaj al-Naishapuri, who died in whether a hadith is defined as a Prophetic tradition or Nishapur in 261/874–5 and whose Sahih Muslim is a narration of that tradition. Experts, in general, have second in authenticity only to that of Bukhari. Some estimated the number of full-isnad narration at 7,397, scholars rate the authenticity of Sahih Muslim more and without considerations to repetitions or different than Sahih Bukhari versions of the same report, the number of Prophetic 3. Abu Dawood Sulaiman b. Ash'ath al- traditions reduces to approximately 2,6021[6, Sijistani, a Persian but of Arab descent, who died in p.36]. At the time when Bukhari saw the earlier works 275/888–9. and conveyed them, he found them, in their 4. Muhammad b. 'Isa al-Tirmidhi, the author of presentation, combining between what would be the well-known as Sunan al-Tirmidhi, who was a considered sahih (correct) and hasan (good) and that student of Bukhari and died in 279/892–3. many of them included daʻīf (weak) hadith. This 5. Abu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Nasa'i, who was aroused his interest in compiling hadith whose from Khurasan and died in 303/915–16. authenticity was beyond doubt. What further 6. Ibn Majah al-Qazwini, who died in 273/886– strengthened his resolve was something his 7. teacher, hadith scholar Ishaq ibn Ibrahim al- 7. Malik was born the son of Anas ibn Malik Hanthalee – better known as Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh – had (not the Sahabi) and Aaliyah bint Shurayk al-Azdiyya told him. "We were with Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh who said, in Medina circa 711. His family was originally from ‘If only you would compile a book of only authentic the al-Asbahi tribe of Yemen, but his great narrations of the Prophet.’ This suggestion remained grandfather Abu 'Amir relocated the family to Medina in my heart so I began compiling the Sahih." Bukhari after converting to Islam in the second year of also said, "I saw the Prophet in a dream and it was as the Hijri calendar, or 623 CE. According to Al- if I was standing in front of him. In my hand was a fan Muwatta, he was tall, heavyset, imposing of stature, with which I was protecting him. I asked some dream very fair, with white hair and beard but bald, with a interpreters, who said to me, ‘You will protect him huge beard and blue eyes [23, p.36]. In chronological from lies.’ This is what compelled me to produce order his work was compiled even earlier than Sahih the Sahih[17, p.93]." Bukhari, therefore Al-Muwatta is highly regarded in The book covers almost all aspects of life in Islamic literature.