The Case of Guanay Cormorant, Peruvian Booby And
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Dive Depth and Plumage Air in Wettable Birds: the Extraordinary Case of the Imperial Cormorant
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 334: 299–310, 2007 Published March 26 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Dive depth and plumage air in wettable birds: the extraordinary case of the imperial cormorant Flavio Quintana1,*, Rory P. Wilson2, Pablo Yorio1 1Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET (9120) Puerto Madryn, Chubut and Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, New York 10460, USA 2Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sustainability, University of Wales, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK ABSTRACT: Cormorants are considered to be remarkably efficient divers and hunters. In part, this is due to their wettable plumage with little associated air, which allows them to dive with fewer ener- getic costs associated with buoyancy from air in the feathers. The literature attributes particularly exceptional diving capabilities to cormorants of the ‘blue-eyed’ taxon. We studied the diving be- haviour of 14 male imperial cormorants Phalacrocorax atriceps (included in the blue-eyed taxon) in Patagonia, Argentina, and found that this species did indeed dive deeper, and for longer, than most other non-blue-eyed cormorant species. This species also exhibited longer dive durations for any depth as well as longer recovery periods at the surface for particular dive durations. We propose that this, coupled with atypically long foraging durations at sea in cold water, suggests that cormorants of the blue-eyed complex have a plumage with a substantial layer of insulating air. This is given cre- dence by a simple model. High volumes of plumage air lead to unusually high power requirements during foraging in shallow, warmer waters, which are conditions that tend to favour wettable plumage. -
Tinamiformes – Falconiformes
LIST OF THE 2,008 BIRD SPECIES (WITH SCIENTIFIC AND ENGLISH NAMES) KNOWN FROM THE A.O.U. CHECK-LIST AREA. Notes: "(A)" = accidental/casualin A.O.U. area; "(H)" -- recordedin A.O.U. area only from Hawaii; "(I)" = introducedinto A.O.U. area; "(N)" = has not bred in A.O.U. area but occursregularly as nonbreedingvisitor; "?" precedingname = extinct. TINAMIFORMES TINAMIDAE Tinamus major Great Tinamou. Nothocercusbonapartei Highland Tinamou. Crypturellus soui Little Tinamou. Crypturelluscinnamomeus Thicket Tinamou. Crypturellusboucardi Slaty-breastedTinamou. Crypturellus kerriae Choco Tinamou. GAVIIFORMES GAVIIDAE Gavia stellata Red-throated Loon. Gavia arctica Arctic Loon. Gavia pacifica Pacific Loon. Gavia immer Common Loon. Gavia adamsii Yellow-billed Loon. PODICIPEDIFORMES PODICIPEDIDAE Tachybaptusdominicus Least Grebe. Podilymbuspodiceps Pied-billed Grebe. ?Podilymbusgigas Atitlan Grebe. Podicepsauritus Horned Grebe. Podicepsgrisegena Red-neckedGrebe. Podicepsnigricollis Eared Grebe. Aechmophorusoccidentalis Western Grebe. Aechmophorusclarkii Clark's Grebe. PROCELLARIIFORMES DIOMEDEIDAE Thalassarchechlororhynchos Yellow-nosed Albatross. (A) Thalassarchecauta Shy Albatross.(A) Thalassarchemelanophris Black-browed Albatross. (A) Phoebetriapalpebrata Light-mantled Albatross. (A) Diomedea exulans WanderingAlbatross. (A) Phoebastriaimmutabilis Laysan Albatross. Phoebastrianigripes Black-lootedAlbatross. Phoebastriaalbatrus Short-tailedAlbatross. (N) PROCELLARIIDAE Fulmarus glacialis Northern Fulmar. Pterodroma neglecta KermadecPetrel. (A) Pterodroma -
71St Annual Meeting Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Paris Las Vegas Las Vegas, Nevada, USA November 2 – 5, 2011 SESSION CONCURRENT SESSION CONCURRENT
ISSN 1937-2809 online Journal of Supplement to the November 2011 Vertebrate Paleontology Vertebrate Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Society of Vertebrate 71st Annual Meeting Paleontology Society of Vertebrate Las Vegas Paris Nevada, USA Las Vegas, November 2 – 5, 2011 Program and Abstracts Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 71st Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts COMMITTEE MEETING ROOM POSTER SESSION/ CONCURRENT CONCURRENT SESSION EXHIBITS SESSION COMMITTEE MEETING ROOMS AUCTION EVENT REGISTRATION, CONCURRENT MERCHANDISE SESSION LOUNGE, EDUCATION & OUTREACH SPEAKER READY COMMITTEE MEETING POSTER SESSION ROOM ROOM SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS SEVENTY-FIRST ANNUAL MEETING PARIS LAS VEGAS HOTEL LAS VEGAS, NV, USA NOVEMBER 2–5, 2011 HOST COMMITTEE Stephen Rowland, Co-Chair; Aubrey Bonde, Co-Chair; Joshua Bonde; David Elliott; Lee Hall; Jerry Harris; Andrew Milner; Eric Roberts EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Philip Currie, President; Blaire Van Valkenburgh, Past President; Catherine Forster, Vice President; Christopher Bell, Secretary; Ted Vlamis, Treasurer; Julia Clarke, Member at Large; Kristina Curry Rogers, Member at Large; Lars Werdelin, Member at Large SYMPOSIUM CONVENORS Roger B.J. Benson, Richard J. Butler, Nadia B. Fröbisch, Hans C.E. Larsson, Mark A. Loewen, Philip D. Mannion, Jim I. Mead, Eric M. Roberts, Scott D. Sampson, Eric D. Scott, Kathleen Springer PROGRAM COMMITTEE Jonathan Bloch, Co-Chair; Anjali Goswami, Co-Chair; Jason Anderson; Paul Barrett; Brian Beatty; Kerin Claeson; Kristina Curry Rogers; Ted Daeschler; David Evans; David Fox; Nadia B. Fröbisch; Christian Kammerer; Johannes Müller; Emily Rayfield; William Sanders; Bruce Shockey; Mary Silcox; Michelle Stocker; Rebecca Terry November 2011—PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS 1 Members and Friends of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, The Host Committee cordially welcomes you to the 71st Annual Meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in Las Vegas. -
Onetouch 4.0 Scanned Documents
/ Chapter 2 THE FOSSIL RECORD OF BIRDS Storrs L. Olson Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC. I. Introduction 80 II. Archaeopteryx 85 III. Early Cretaceous Birds 87 IV. Hesperornithiformes 89 V. Ichthyornithiformes 91 VI. Other Mesozojc Birds 92 VII. Paleognathous Birds 96 A. The Problem of the Origins of Paleognathous Birds 96 B. The Fossil Record of Paleognathous Birds 104 VIII. The "Basal" Land Bird Assemblage 107 A. Opisthocomidae 109 B. Musophagidae 109 C. Cuculidae HO D. Falconidae HI E. Sagittariidae 112 F. Accipitridae 112 G. Pandionidae 114 H. Galliformes 114 1. Family Incertae Sedis Turnicidae 119 J. Columbiformes 119 K. Psittaciforines 120 L. Family Incertae Sedis Zygodactylidae 121 IX. The "Higher" Land Bird Assemblage 122 A. Coliiformes 124 B. Coraciiformes (Including Trogonidae and Galbulae) 124 C. Strigiformes 129 D. Caprimulgiformes 132 E. Apodiformes 134 F. Family Incertae Sedis Trochilidae 135 G. Order Incertae Sedis Bucerotiformes (Including Upupae) 136 H. Piciformes 138 I. Passeriformes 139 X. The Water Bird Assemblage 141 A. Gruiformes 142 B. Family Incertae Sedis Ardeidae 165 79 Avian Biology, Vol. Vlll ISBN 0-12-249408-3 80 STORES L. OLSON C. Family Incertae Sedis Podicipedidae 168 D. Charadriiformes 169 E. Anseriformes 186 F. Ciconiiformes 188 G. Pelecaniformes 192 H. Procellariiformes 208 I. Gaviiformes 212 J. Sphenisciformes 217 XI. Conclusion 217 References 218 I. Introduction Avian paleontology has long been a poor stepsister to its mammalian counterpart, a fact that may be attributed in some measure to an insufRcien- cy of qualified workers and to the absence in birds of heterodont teeth, on which the greater proportion of the fossil record of mammals is founded. -
A Review of the Fossil Seabirds from the Tertiary of the North Pacific
Paleobiology,18(4), 1992, pp. 401-424 A review of the fossil seabirds fromthe Tertiaryof the North Pacific: plate tectonics,paleoceanography, and faunal change Kenneth I. Warheit Abstract.-Ecologists attempt to explain species diversitywithin Recent seabird communities in termsof Recent oceanographic and ecological phenomena. However, many of the principal ocean- ographic processes that are thoughtto structureRecent seabird systemsare functionsof geological processes operating at many temporal and spatial scales. For example, major oceanic currents,such as the North Pacific Gyre, are functionsof the relative positions of continentsand Antarcticgla- ciation,whereas regional air masses,submarine topography, and coastline shape affectlocal processes such as upwelling. I hypothesize that the long-termdevelopment of these abiotic processes has influencedthe relative diversityand communitycomposition of North Pacific seabirds. To explore this hypothesis,I divided the historyof North Pacific seabirds into seven intervalsof time. Using published descriptions,I summarized the tectonicand oceanographic events that occurred during each of these time intervals,and related changes in species diversityto changes in the physical environment.Over the past 95 years,at least 94 species of fossil seabirds have been described from marine deposits of the North Pacific. Most of these species are from Middle Miocene through Pliocene (16.0-1.6 Ma) sediments of southern California, although species from Eocene to Early Miocene (52.0-22.0 Ma) deposits are fromJapan, -
Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Two Edible Fish Species and Water from North Patagonia Estuary
applied sciences Article Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Two Edible Fish Species and Water from North Patagonia Estuary Pablo Fierro 1 , Jaime Tapia 2, Carlos Bertrán 1, Cristina Acuña 2 and Luis Vargas-Chacoff 1,3,* 1 Institute of Marine Science and Limnology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Independencia 641, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; pablo.fi[email protected] (P.F.); [email protected] (C.B.) 2 Institute of Chemistry and Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; [email protected] (J.T.); [email protected] (C.A.) 3 FONDAP-IDEAL Center, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +56-63-221-648 Abstract: Estuaries worldwide have been severely degraded and become reservoirs for many types of pollutants, such as heavy metals. This study investigated the levels of Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in water and whole fish. We sampled 40 juvenile silversides Odontesthes regia and 41 juvenile puye Galaxias maculatus from the Valdivia River estuary, adjacent to the urban area in southern South America (Chile). Samples were analyzed using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In water samples, metals except Zn were mostly below the detection limits and all metals were below the maximum levels established by local guidelines in this estuary. In whole fish samples, concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, and Cd were significantly higher in puyes than in silversides. Additionally, Zn, Pb, and Mn were correlated to body length and weight in puyes, whereas Cd was correlated to body length in silversides. The mean concentration of heavy metals in silverside and puyes were higher than those reported in the literature. -
A Report on the Guano-Producing Birds of Peru [“Informe Sobre Aves Guaneras”]
PACIFIC COOPERATIVE STUDIES UNIT UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI`I AT MĀNOA Dr. David C. Duffy, Unit Leader Department of Botany 3190 Maile Way, St. John #408 Honolulu, Hawai’i 96822 Technical Report 197 A report on the guano-producing birds of Peru [“Informe sobre Aves Guaneras”] July 2018* *Original manuscript completed1942 William Vogt1 with translation and notes by David Cameron Duffy2 1 Deceased Associate Director of the Division of Science and Education of the Office of the Coordinator in Inter-American Affairs. 2 Director, Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit, Department of Botany, University of Hawai‘i at Manoa Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822, USA PCSU is a cooperative program between the University of Hawai`i and U.S. National Park Service, Cooperative Ecological Studies Unit. Organization Contact Information: Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit, Department of Botany, University of Hawai‘i at Manoa 3190 Maile Way, St. John 408, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822, USA Recommended Citation: Vogt, W. with translation and notes by D.C. Duffy. 2018. A report on the guano-producing birds of Peru. Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit Technical Report 197. University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Department of Botany. Honolulu, HI. 198 pages. Key words: El Niño, Peruvian Anchoveta (Engraulis ringens), Guanay Cormorant (Phalacrocorax bougainvillii), Peruvian Booby (Sula variegate), Peruvian Pelican (Pelecanus thagus), upwelling, bird ecology behavior nesting and breeding Place key words: Peru Translated from the surviving Spanish text: Vogt, W. 1942. Informe elevado a la Compañia Administradora del Guano par el ornitólogo americano, Señor William Vogt, a la terminación del contracto de tres años que con autorización del Supremo Gobierno celebrara con la Compañia, con el fin de que llevara a cabo estudios relativos a la mejor forma de protección de las aves guaneras y aumento de la produción de las aves guaneras. -
(Title of the Thesis)*
EVIDENCE FOR SPECIATION WITH GENE FLOW: AN EXAMINATION OF THE EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS OF BLUE- FOOTED AND PERUVIAN BOOBIES by Scott Anthony Taylor A thesis submitted to the Department of Biology In conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen‟s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada (April, 2011) Copyright ©Scott Anthony Taylor, 2011 Abstract Successful preservation of Earth‟s biodiversity requires an understanding of the processes that generate new species. The generation of species without gene exchange is considered predominant; however, a growing body of evidence indicates that populations can diverge while exchanging genes, and that this may be common. Previous research hypothesized that blue- footed (Sula nebouxii) and Peruvian (S. variegata) boobies diverged from their common ancestor while exchanging genes. Here, I combine ecological and genetic perspectives to thoroughly evaluate this hypothesis. Using a panel of eight molecular markers, I estimate population differentiation for each species. I find evidence of weak population differentiation for both species, an uncommon pattern in seabirds, and argue that specialization to an unpredictable food resource has shaped contemporary population differentiation. Next, I use molecular markers and morphology to evaluate the hybrid status of five morphologically aberrant individuals. I report that all are likely F1 (first generation) hybrids, and are the product of crosses between female Peruvian boobies and male blue-footed boobies. Sex biases in pairing may occur because of an underlying preference for elaborate courtship displays. I then expand the dataset to 19 loci and use cline theory and Bayesian assignment tests to characterize the hybrid zone, to examine introgression, and to evaluate the hybrid status of the aberrant individuals. -
Multi-Locus Fossil-Calibrated Phylogeny of Atheriniformes (Teleostei, Ovalentaria)
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 86 (2015) 8–23 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Multi-locus fossil-calibrated phylogeny of Atheriniformes (Teleostei, Ovalentaria) Daniela Campanella a, Lily C. Hughes a, Peter J. Unmack b, Devin D. Bloom c, Kyle R. Piller d, ⇑ Guillermo Ortí a, a Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA b Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Australia c Department of Biology, Willamette University, Salem, OR, USA d Department of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA, USA article info abstract Article history: Phylogenetic relationships among families within the order Atheriniformes have been difficult to resolve Received 29 December 2014 on the basis of morphological evidence. Molecular studies so far have been fragmentary and based on a Revised 21 February 2015 small number taxa and loci. In this study, we provide a new phylogenetic hypothesis based on sequence Accepted 2 March 2015 data collected for eight molecular markers for a representative sample of 103 atheriniform species, cover- Available online 10 March 2015 ing 2/3 of the genera in this order. The phylogeny is calibrated with six carefully chosen fossil taxa to pro- vide an explicit timeframe for the diversification of this group. Our results support the subdivision of Keywords: Atheriniformes into two suborders (Atherinopsoidei and Atherinoidei), the nesting of Notocheirinae Silverside fishes within Atherinopsidae, and the monophyly of tribe Menidiini, among others. We propose taxonomic Marine to freshwater transitions Marine dispersal changes for Atherinopsoidei, but a few weakly supported nodes in our phylogeny suggests that further Molecular markers study is necessary to support a revised taxonomy of Atherinoidei. -
Informe Final
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Faculltad de Recursos Naturales Escuela de Ciencias del Mar Valparaíso – Chile INNFORMEFORME FIINALNAL Coorregidorregido FIP Nº 2006-58 Estudio Biológico-Pesquero del Pejerrey de Mar X Región Valparaíso, agosto del 2008 Título: “Estudio Biológico-Pesquero del pejerrey de mar X Región” Proyecto FIP Nº 2006-58 Requirente : Fondo de Investigación Pesquera Contraparte : Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Facultad de Recursos Naturales Unidad Ejecutora : Escuela de Ciencias del Mar Avda. Altamirano 1480 Casilla 1020 Valparaíso Investigador Responsable : Patricio Pavez Carrera Escuela de Ciencias del Mar Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Fono : 56-32-274264 Fax : 56-32-274206 E-mail: [email protected] EQUIPO DE TRABAJO INVESTIGADORES INSTITUCION AREA DE TRABAJO Jefe de Proyecto. Patricio Pavez Carrera PUCV Análisis Multivariados, matriz del conocimiento Biología reproductiva Guido Plaza Pastén PUCV Edad y crecimiento Diseño de muestreo, indicadores bio- Víctor Espejo Briones PUCV pesqueros Brian Dyer Hopwood UDELMAR Identificación taxonómica Humberto Cerisola Bedroni PUCV Biología reproductiva Análisis Multivariados, matriz del Jorge Saavedra Torrico PUCV conocimiento Coordinadora actividades en terreno, Viviana Almanza Morroquín PUPELDE LTDA. muestroes biológicos Contraparte y coordinadora actividades Manira Matamala Farrán PUPELDE LTDA. en terreno Este documento debe citarse como: Pavez P., G. Plaza, V. Espejo, B. Dyer, H. Cerisola, J. Saavedra, V. Almanza y M. Matamala. 2008. “Estudio Biológico-Pesquero del pejerrey de mar X Región”. (Proyecto FIP Nº 2006- 58). Informe Final. Estud. Doc, Pont. Univ. Católica Valparaíso, 07/08: 132 pp. + Anexo. Distribución de ejemplares: 4 Fondo de Investigación Pesquera 1 Dirección Escuela de Ciencias del Mar – PUCV 1 Investigador Responsable PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE VALPARAÍSO RESUMEN EJECUTIVO Se obtuvo muestras de pejerrey de mar desde Cochamó, Caleta Anahuak, próxima a Puerto Montt y Calbuco con desembarques efectivos en el periodo de estudio. -
Observations on Growth of Blue-Footed Boobies And
Made in United States of America Reprinted from JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY Vol. 52, No. 4, Autumn 1981 Observations on Growth of Blue-footed Boobies and Development of Temperature Regulation in Peruvian Guano Birds.-Growth rates of seabirds have been related to the availability of food such that pelagic species usually grow more slowly than coastal species (Lack 1968, Harris 1977, Nelson 1977). Differences in growth rates between populations of the same species have been correlated with distance to food supplies or productivity of the surrounding ocean (Nelson 1978), but more comparative data are needed to fully describe these relationships. In this paper, we report upon the growth of the Blue-footed Booby (Sula nebouxii), and the development of temperature regulation in the Peruvian Booby (Sula variegata), Guanay Cormorant (Phalacrocorax bougainvillii), and Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) on two guano islands in the Peruvian coastal current, formerly one of the richest fisheries in the world. Study sites and methods.-Duffy visited Lobos de Tierra Island between 24 and 27 February 1979, and Macabi Island between 18 and 21 February 1979. Chicks were weighed with Pesola spring balances and the wing chord, tarsus, and exposed culmen were measured at the beginning and end of a 3-day interval on each island. Growth increments were used to construct composite growth curves according to the method of Ricklefs and White (1975). In addition, proventricular temperatures of chicks isolated from the nest at prevailing ambient temperatures (23-28°C) were measured with a therm istor thermometer (YSI) at 10-min intervals over a period of 30 min. -
Alpha Codes for 2168 Bird Species (And 113 Non-Species Taxa) in Accordance with the 62Nd AOU Supplement (2021), Sorted Taxonomically
Four-letter (English Name) and Six-letter (Scientific Name) Alpha Codes for 2168 Bird Species (and 113 Non-Species Taxa) in accordance with the 62nd AOU Supplement (2021), sorted taxonomically Prepared by Peter Pyle and David F. DeSante The Institute for Bird Populations www.birdpop.org ENGLISH NAME 4-LETTER CODE SCIENTIFIC NAME 6-LETTER CODE Highland Tinamou HITI Nothocercus bonapartei NOTBON Great Tinamou GRTI Tinamus major TINMAJ Little Tinamou LITI Crypturellus soui CRYSOU Thicket Tinamou THTI Crypturellus cinnamomeus CRYCIN Slaty-breasted Tinamou SBTI Crypturellus boucardi CRYBOU Choco Tinamou CHTI Crypturellus kerriae CRYKER White-faced Whistling-Duck WFWD Dendrocygna viduata DENVID Black-bellied Whistling-Duck BBWD Dendrocygna autumnalis DENAUT West Indian Whistling-Duck WIWD Dendrocygna arborea DENARB Fulvous Whistling-Duck FUWD Dendrocygna bicolor DENBIC Emperor Goose EMGO Anser canagicus ANSCAN Snow Goose SNGO Anser caerulescens ANSCAE + Lesser Snow Goose White-morph LSGW Anser caerulescens caerulescens ANSCCA + Lesser Snow Goose Intermediate-morph LSGI Anser caerulescens caerulescens ANSCCA + Lesser Snow Goose Blue-morph LSGB Anser caerulescens caerulescens ANSCCA + Greater Snow Goose White-morph GSGW Anser caerulescens atlantica ANSCAT + Greater Snow Goose Intermediate-morph GSGI Anser caerulescens atlantica ANSCAT + Greater Snow Goose Blue-morph GSGB Anser caerulescens atlantica ANSCAT + Snow X Ross's Goose Hybrid SRGH Anser caerulescens x rossii ANSCAR + Snow/Ross's Goose SRGO Anser caerulescens/rossii ANSCRO Ross's Goose