PROPOSED ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS (APIS) AND API INTERMEDIATES MANUFACTURING UNIT AT

D-10, MIDC PAITHAN, DISTRICT.AURANGABAD, MAHARASHTRA BY

M/S. SHALINI ORGANICS PRIVATTE. LIMITED,

PROPOSAL FOR ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE Industry falls under 5(f) under Category ‘A’ as per the EIA Notification, 2006 and amendments thereof

Report Prepared By: DR. SUBBARAO’S ENVIRONMENT CENTER

‘Arundhati’, Opp. Sahyognagar, MSEB Road, Vishrambag, Sangli-416415 Phone: 0233-2301857, (M) 9372109522,9890992118 QCI-NABET Accredited EIA Consultant Organization Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1922/ RA 0159 NABL Quality Assurance Laboratory Accreditation Certificate No.TC-6121

M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

DECLARATION Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA “Proposed Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and API Intermediates Manufacturing Unit at Plot No. D-10, MIDC Paithan-431107, Taluka- Paithan, Dist.- Aurangabad, Maharashtra, by Shalini Organics Private Limited”. I, herby, certify that I was a part of the team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA.

EIA coordinator: Name: Dr. B. Subbarao Signature Date: 31st May 2021 Period of involvement: December 2020 Onwards Contact information: ‘Arundhati’, opposite- Sahayognagar, M.S.E.B. Road, Sangli 416415. Sr. Name of EC/FAE Involvement (Period and Task) Date Signature No. Expert/s Sector December 2020 Onwards Overall Project Coordination including EIA 1st December Planning Schedule Discussions with Dr. B. Coordinator 2020 to till 1. project proponent/local community, Subbarao WP, SHW, completion interpretation of data, Overall AP,AQ of project. assessment of impacts and its mitigation measures and preparation of EIA report. December 2020 Onwards 1stDecember Project Planning in Coordination with 2020 to till EIA Coordinator. Preparation of Waste completion of Mrs. B. 2. WP Water Management Plan, Selection of project Nagjyoti sampling stations, interpretation of the data, identification of impacts and its mitigation measures. December 2020 Onwards 1stJanuary Assessment and Prediction of Impact 2020 to 1st Dr. S. P. 3. NV Noise Quality on the project site and February Chavan entire study area due to the proposed 2020. expansion and Preparation of Report. December 2020 Onwards 1stJanuary Baseline study related with Socio- 2020 to economic Status of the project site and 1stFebruary Dr. V. B. entire study area. Identification of 2020. 4. SE Jugale impacts (Positive & negative) by proposed project in study area. Suggestion for improvement of social status of the study area. December 2020 Onwards 1st February Assessment of Land use and Land Cover 2020 to Mr. S. V. of the project site and entire study area. 1stMarch 5. LU Chikurde Categorization of land use pattern based 2020. on the Satellite imagery and supporting software.

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Sr. Name of EC/FAE Involvement (Period and Task) Date Signature No. Expert/s Sector December 2020 Onwards 1st February Identification of Risk associated with 2020 to 1st Mr. G. G. the project, Preparation of Disaster March 2020. 6. RH Watwe Management Plan, Occupational Health

and Safety etc. Preparation of Risk Assessment Report. st December 2020 Onwards 1 January st Assessment of Hydro-geological 2020 to 1 Prof. M. condition of the project and study area, February 7. B. HG & GEO Prediction of impacts due to the 2020. Kulkarni proposed project and preparation of Management Plan for the same. December 2020 Onwards 1stFebruary Assessment of Impact due to proposed 2020 to Mr. D. D. 8. EB project on Ecology & biodiversity of the 1stMarch Shenai project site and preparation of 2020. Management Plan for the same December 2020 Onwards 1stDecember Project Planning in Coordination with 2020 to till Mr. S. A. 9. AQ EIA Coordinator. Baseline study related completion of Khatode to Air Qualityand, identification of project impacts and its mitigation measures. December 2020 Onwards 1stDecember Project Planning in Coordination with 2020 to till EIA Coordinator. Preparation of Waste completion of Mr. A.S. 10. WP Water Management Plan, Selection of project Tompe sampling stations, interpretation of the data, identification of impacts and its mitigation measures. Declaration by the Head of the accredited consultant organization/authorized person I, Dr. B. Subbarao hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA for “Proposed Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and API Intermediates Manufacturing Unit at Plot No. D-10, MIDC Paithan-431107, Taluka- Paithan, Dist.- Aurangabad, Maharashtra, by Shalini Organics Private Limited”. I also confirm that the consultant organization shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in this statement.

Signature: Date: 31st May 2021

Designation: Head of the Organization Name of the EIA consultant organization: DR. SUBBARAO’S ENVIRONMENT CENTER NABET Certificate No.& Issue Date: NABET/ EIA/1922/RA 0159, Issue date- 29.05.2020

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CONSULTANANT UNDERTAKING

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TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ...... ii CONSULTANANT UNDERTAKING ...... iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... v LIST OF TABLES ...... xii LIST OF FIGURES ...... xv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...... xvii EXECUTIVE SUMMERY ...... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 15 1.1. Preface...... 15 1.2. Purpose of the Project ...... 15 1.3. Identification of Project and Project Proponent ...... 16 1.4. Importance of the Project ...... 16 1.5. Brief Description of the Project ...... 17 1.6. Applicable Environmental Regulatory frame work – ...... 22 1.7. Scope of EIA Study- ...... 22 1.8. Compliance of Terms of Reference ...... 23 1.9. Objective of EIA ...... 42 1.10. Methodology for EIA ...... 42 1.11. List of Industries Surrounding Project Site ...... 44 1.12. Structure of EIA Report ...... 44 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 32 2.1. Introduction ...... 32 2.2. Need of the Project ...... 32 2.3. Location of the Project ...... 33 2.4. Size or magnitude of Operation ...... 36 2.4.1. Land Breakup & Project Site Layout ...... 36 2.5. Project Magnitude ...... 75 2.6. Infrastructure Facilities (Proposed Plant Machineries and Equipment’s) ...... 77 2.7. Description of Manufacturing Process- ...... 80 2.7.1. API Product Manufacturing Process-...... 80 2.8. Input Requirements ...... 84 2.8.1. Raw Material Requirement ...... 84

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2.8.2. Water Requirement ...... 90 2.8.3. Power: ...... 92 2.8.4. Fuel requirement details: ...... 92 2.8.5. Man Power ...... 92 2.9. Generation of Pollutants...... 92 2.10. Gaseous Emission ...... 92 2.10.1. Hazardous & Solid waste generation ...... 94 2.11. Pollution Control Strategy ...... 95 2.11.1. Effluent Management ...... 95 2.9.2 Air Pollution Control (APC) Measures ...... 104 2.11.2. Hazardous/Solid Waste Management ...... 105 2.11.3. Noise Pollution Control Measures ...... 106 2.12. Rain Water Harvesting ...... 106 2.13. Green Belt Development ...... 106 2.14. Occupational Health and Safety ...... 107 3. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT ...... 108 3.1. General ...... 108 3.2. Study Area ...... 108 3.3. Study Period ...... 109 3.4. Source of Environmental Data Generation ...... 110 3.5. Methodology ...... 110 3.5.1. Land Use of Study Area ...... 110 3.5.2. Land Environment...... 111 3.5.3. Methodology ...... 111 3.5.4. Pre-Field Interpretation Of Satellite Data ...... 112 3.6. Topography ...... 112 3.6.1. Land Use/Land Cover Classification ...... 113 3.6.2. Core Land Use ...... 114 3.7. Meteorology ...... 118 3.7.1. Site specific micro-meteorological data ...... 118 3.7.2. Windrose – ...... 119 3.8. Ambient Air Quality ...... 120 3.8.1. Introduction ...... 120

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3.8.2. Selection of Sampling Locations ...... 121 3.8.3. Reconnaissance ...... 121 3.8.4. Parameters, Frequency and monitoring Methodology ...... 121 3.8.5. Interpretation of result ...... 125 3.8.6. Noise Environment ...... 125 3.9. Hydrogeology ...... 126 3.10. Hydrogeology of District ...... 129 3.10.1. Geology ...... 130 3.11. Ground Water Sampling ...... 131 3.12. Surface Water Sampling ...... 137 3.13. Soil Environment ...... 143 3.14. Ecology & Biodiversity ...... 145 3.15. Socioeconomic Study ...... 160 4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES...... 166 4.1. Introduction ...... 166 4.2. Construction Phase ...... 166 4.2.1. Land Environment Impacts ...... 166 4.2.2. Air Environment ...... 167 4.2.3. Water Environment ...... 168 4.2.4. Noise Environment ...... 168 4.2.5. Waste Generation ...... 169 4.2.6. Ecology ...... 169 4.2.7. Social Environment ...... 169 4.3. Operation phase ...... 170 4.3.1. Land Environment and Location ...... 170 4.3.2. Discharges on Land-Impact ...... 170 4.3.3. Impacts- Soil Contamination- ...... 170 4.3.4. Air Environment ...... 170 4.3.5. Noise Environment ...... 181 4.3.6. Vibration ...... 183 4.3.7. Water Environment ...... 183 4.3.8. Land Use/Land Cover ...... 184 4.3.9. Geology ...... 184

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4.3.10. Solid/Hazardous Wastes ...... 184 4.3.11. Risk and Occupational Hazards ...... 184 4.3.12. Ecological Biodiversity ...... 186 4.3.13. Traffic Study ...... 187 4.3.14. Odor Management...... 188 4.3.15. Socio- Economic ...... 188 5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) ...... 190 5.1. Analysis to alternative- ...... 190 5.2. Site Alternative ...... 190 5.3. Process Alternative ...... 191 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT ...... 192 6.1. Prelude ...... 192 6.2. Environmental Monitoring Programme ...... 192 6.3. Action Scheduled ...... 193 6.4. Success Indicator ...... 194 6.5. Environmental Monitoring Hierarchy ...... 194 6.6. Conclusion ...... 194 7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES ...... 195 7.1. Introduction - ...... 195 7.2. Objectives and Scope of work ...... 195 7.2.1. Details of source of water, fire water tanks and fire Fighting equipments (f/e’s, fier hydrants, nozzles & monitors) ...... 197 7.2.2. Availability of fire extinguishers at strategic locations and accessories and medical facilities 197 7.3. Hazard identification and visualization of mca scenarios ...... 197 7.4. Hazard potential: Deciding factor ...... 197 7.5. Identification of hazards...... 197 7.5.1. M/s Shalini organics as per MSIHC rules, 2000 ...... 198 7.5.2. Fire Explosion & Toxicity Index (FEI & TI) Analysis for Shalini organics ...... 200 7.6. Visualization of MCA Scenarios ...... 204 7.6.1. Introduction ...... 204 7.6.2. Chemical InventoryAnalysis ...... 204 7.6.3. Identification of Chemical Release & Accident Scenarios ...... 204 7.6.4. Even tree analysis to define outcome of release ...... 204

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7.6.5. Short listing of mca scenarios ...... 204 7.7. Consequence analysis ...... 208 7.7.1. Factors which influence the use of physicAL EFFECT MODEL ...... 209 7.8. Models for Determining the Source Strength for The Release of Hazardous Substances ...... 209 7.8.1. Instantaneous Release ...... 209 7.8.2. Semi-Continuous Outflow ...... 209 7.9. Model for Evaporation ...... 210 7.10. Model for Dispersion ...... 211 7.11. Modelfor HeatLoad sndShock Waves ...... 211 7.11.1. Model for Flare ...... 211 7.11.2. Model for Pool Fire ...... 211 7.12. Vulnerability Model ...... 211 7.12.1. Injuries resulting from flammable liquids and gases ...... 212 7.12.2. Damage models for heat radiation ...... 212 7.12.3. Summary of damage criteria ...... 212 7.13. Result of maximum credible accident analysis (Mca) ...... 214 7.14. Catagorization risk based on above identifies mca’s ...... 216 7.15. Analysis for propensity towards predicted consequences ...... 217 7.15.1. Possibility of fire & it’S propagation ...... 217 7.15.2. Spilled Product fire ...... 217 7.15.3. Jet fire in Pipeline/product pump house/tank farm/tt decanting area/tank truck ...... 217 7.15.4. Propensity of the Installation towards occurance of such initiating event ...... 217 7.15.5. Propensity of failure of the designed counter measures ...... 217 7.15.6. Propoensity of a certain consequence of an accident ...... 217 7.15.7. Probability estimation for occurance of mca scenario ...... 218 7.16. Uncertainty surrounding consequence analysis ...... 218 7.17. Alarp principle ...... 218 7.17.1. Mitigation/preventive measures for mca scenarios ...... 221 7.17.2. Recommendations ...... 241 8. PROJECT BENEFITS ...... 243 8.1. Introduction ...... 243 8.2. Improvement in Physical Infrastructure ...... 243 8.3. Direct Revenue Earning to the National & State Exchequer ...... 243

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8.4. Employment Potential ...... 243 8.5. Other Tangible Benefits ...... 243 9. ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS ...... 245 10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 246 10.1. Introduction ...... 246 10.2. Environmental management plan during Construction Phase ...... 246 10.2.1. 10.2.1 Air and Noise Environment ...... 246 10.2.2. Water supply & sanitation ...... 247 10.2.3. Socio-Economic Environment ...... 247 10.2.4. Health and Safety ...... 248 10.3. Environmental Management during the Operational Phase ...... 248 10.3.1. Air Pollution Management ...... 248 10.3.2. Water Environment ...... 249 10.3.3. Hazardous/Solid Waste Management ...... 252 10.3.4. Green belt development ...... 252 10.3.5. Occupational Health & Safety Plan ...... 253 10.3.6. Rain Water HarvestingScheme ...... 254 10.3.7. Storm water management ...... 254 10.4. Post-Project Environmental Monitoring ...... 254 10.5. Environment Management Budget Allocation ...... 255 10.6. Environmental Management Cell ...... 256 10.6.1. Hierarchical Structure of Environmental Management Cell ...... 257 10.6.2. Environment Policy...... 257 10.7. Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) Activities ...... 257 11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION ...... 259 11.1. Overall Justification for Implementation of Project ...... 259 11.2. Explanation of How, Adverse Effects Have Been Mitigated ...... 259 11.3. Conclusion ...... 259 12. DISCLOSURE OF THE CONSULTANT ...... 261 LIST OF ANNEXURES ...... 268 ANNEXURE-I: GRANTED ToR ...... 269 ANNEXURE-II: DISTANCE CERTIFACTE FROM DFO ...... 277 ANNEXURE-III: MIDC ORDER ...... 279

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ANNEXURE-IV: MONITORING REPORTS ...... 282 ANNEXURE-V: RAINWATER HARVESTING REPORT ...... 299 ANNEXURE-VI: STORMWATER DRAINAGE REPORT ...... 303

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LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Silent feature of the project ...... 18 Table 1-2 List of proposed products ...... 19 Table 1-3 Details of API Intermediates ...... 19 Table 1-4 Details of total capacity ...... 22 Table 1-5 ToR Compliance ...... 23 Table 1-6 List of industries in the study area are shown below ...... 44 Table 2-1 Silent feature of the project ...... 33 Table 2-2 Co-ordinated of the site ...... 33 Table 2-3 Land use breakup ...... 36 Table 2-4 List of API Products ...... 75 Table 2-5 List of API Intermediates ...... 75 Table 2-6 Total capacity of the project ...... 77 Table 2-7 Plant machineries and equipments details...... 77 Table 2-8 Details of utility ...... 77 Table 2-9 Details of utility ...... 77 Table 2-10 Details of Solvent and Mother Liquor tank ...... 78 Table 2-11 Details of Tanks ...... 78 Table 2-12 Details of Heat exchanger ...... 79 Table 2-13 ETP plant details ...... 79 Table 2-14 Details of laboratory ...... 79 Table 2-15 Details of proposed QC Instruments...... 79 Table 2-16 List of Raw material ...... 84 Table 2-17 Details of Water Consumption ...... 90 Table 2-18 Effluent generation ...... 90 Table 2-19 Summary of water budget ...... 90 Table 2-20 Fuel requirement ...... 92 Table 2-21 Details of effluent generation ...... 92 Table 2-22 Details of emission from process and flue gas ...... 93 Table 2-23 Details of proposed process and air emission ...... 93 Table 2-24 Details of stack ...... 94 Table 2-25 Details of Non-hazardous waste ...... 94 Table 2-26 Details of hazardous waste ...... 94 Table 2-27 Characteristic of Untreated HCOD Effluent ...... 98 Table 2-28 Characteristic of LCOD Effluent- 57.1 M3/day ...... 98 Table 2-29Characteristic of treated Effluent ...... 99 Table 2-30 Technical specification of various unit ...... 100 Table 2-31 Details of mechanical equipments ...... 100 Table 2-32 Details of electrical units ...... 101 Table 2-33 Details of STP ...... 102 Table 2-34 details of electro-mechanical works ...... 103 Table 2-35 Details of air pollution control measure ...... 104 Table 2-36 Hazardous waste Details ...... 105 Table 2-37 Details of Non-hazardous waste ...... 106

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Table 3-1 Environmental settling of study area ...... 109 Table 3-2 details of the used satellite details ...... 111 Table 3-3 LU/LC within 1 km radius ...... 114 Table 3-4LU/LC and its Coverage Within 10 KM Radius ...... 116 Table 3-5Frequency of Environmental Monitoring ...... 119 Table 3-6Monitoring Methodology of Meteorological Data ...... 122 Table 3-7Monitored Parameters and Frequency of Sampling ...... 122 Table 3-8Monitoring locations...... 123 Table 3-9Monitoring Results and observations ...... 124 Table 3-10The Noise Level in study area ...... 126 Table 3-11 Seismic Zoning of India ...... 131 Table 3-12Monitoring locations for Ground water sampling ...... 132 Table 3-13Ground water analysis report ...... 133 Table 3-14 Surface water locations ...... 137 Table 3-15Surface water analysis report ...... 138 Table 3-16Soil Sampling Locations ...... 143 Table 3-17 Soil analysis report ...... 144 Table 3-18The list of plant species ...... 146 Table 3-19 List of fauna ...... 153 Table 3-20 Deatails of beetels ...... 153 Table 3-21Dertails of Bugs ...... 154 Table 3-22 Details of Butterflies ...... 154 Table 3-23Details of Mammals...... 156 Table 3-24 Details of Avifauna ...... 156 Table 3-25Villages Identified for Socioeconomic Survey of Study Area ...... 161 Table 3-26Socio economic Profile of District, Taluka& Project site at a Glance ...... 162 Table 3-27 Details of Socio-economic Indicator ...... 162 Table 3-28Details on Population of District Aurangabad ...... 163 Table 3-29Comparison between Rural and Urabn Area ...... 164 Table 4-1Modeling Input data for Steam boiler of 2 TPH capacity ...... 174 Table 4-2Modeling Input data for Steam boiler of 2 TPH capacity ...... 175 Table 4-3Incremental emission load due to current activity, contributing in existing baseline values..... 180 Table 4-4 Impacts and Mitigation measure ...... 183 Table 4-5 Impact and mitigation measures ...... 187 Table 4-6Impact and Mitigation Measure for Transportation ...... 188 Table 6-1Environmental Monitoring Program ...... 193 Table 7-1 Details of Flamibility ...... 198 Table 7-2 Applicability of MSIHC Rule ...... 199 Table 7-3List of hazardous chemicals and its respective DOW F& E Index ...... 202 Table 7-4Degree of Hazards ...... 203 Table 7-5Toxicity Index and degree of Hazard for Hazardous chemicals ...... 203 Table 7-6Short Listing of MCA Scenarios for Plant ...... 205 Table 7-7Mathematical and Analytical Model for Hazard Analysis ...... 208 Table 7-8Fatal Radiation Exposure Levels ...... 213

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Table 7-9 Detils of damage due to radiation ...... 213 Table 7-10Overpressure Damage...... 214 Table 7-11 Damage Distances Due to Spilled/Pool Product Fire Scenario, Jet Fire, BLEAVE Fireball of tank Rupture/failure, Leak from hole in tank ...... 215 Table 7-12Risk Matrix ...... 216 Table 7-13Risk Criteria and Action Requirements ...... 216 Table 7-14Categorization of Risk as per Identified MCA Scenarios ...... 216 Table 7-15Probability of Occurrences of Identified MCA Scenarios ...... 218 Table 7-16The probabilities for various accident scenarios have been estimated ...... 218 Table 10-1List of Plants Suggested For Green Belt...... 253 Table 10-2Environment Monitoring Plan ...... 255 Table 10-3Budget Allocation for Environment Management ...... 255 Table 11-1Summary on Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 259

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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 Site Photographs ...... 16 Figure 2-1 Project Location ...... 34 Figure 2-2 Specific location ...... 34 Figure 2-3 Layout map ...... 32 Figure 2-4 10 km radius toposheet ...... 36 Figure 2-5 Water balance diagram ...... 91 Figure 2-6 Details of treatment facilities ...... 98 Figure 2-7 Details of RO ...... 99 Figure 3-1 FCC of the 10 km radius with project location ...... 112 Figure 3-2 Elevation Profile of NW-SE Direction with in 10 km Radius ...... 113 Figure 3-3 Elevation Profile of NE-SW Direction with in 10 km Radius ...... 113 Figure 3-4Digital Elevation Model with in 10 km Radius ...... 113 Figure 3-5LU/LC Details of 1 KM Radius ...... 115 Figure 3-6 Pie Chart of The Lu/Lc Classification Within 1 Km Radius ...... 115 Figure 3-7LU/LC Details of 10 KM Radius ...... 117 Figure 3-8Pie Chart of the Lu/Lc Classification Within 10 KM Radius ...... 117 Figure 3-9Drainage Pattern Present in the Study Area Within 10 Km Radius ...... 118 Figure 3-10Meteorological Data for the Monitoring Period ...... 120 Figure 3-11Monitoring Locations for AAQM and Noise ...... 123 Figure 3-12Seismic zone map of India ...... 131 Figure 3-13Monitoring Locations for Ground water and Surface water sampling locations within 10 Km ...... 132 Figure 3-14Soil sampling locations within 10 Km radius ...... 143 Figure 3-15 Photographs of floral species ...... 151 Figure 3-16 Photographs of Butterflies ...... 155 Figure 3-17 Photographs of Avifauna ...... 160 Figure 4-1 Wind rose diagram ...... 173 Figure 4-2Air Dispersion Modeling Image for PM10 criteria pollutant ...... 176 Figure 4-3Air Dispersion Modeling Image for SO2 criteria pollutant...... 177 Figure 4-4Air Dispersion Modeling Image for NOx criteria pollutant ...... 178 Figure 4-5Air Dispersion Modeling Image for CO criteria pollutant ...... 179 Figure 7-1Event Tree Analysis of failure of Atmospheric Storage tank of Flammable Liquids ...... 206 Figure 7-2FN Curve ...... 221 Figure 7-3Pool Fire Scenario for Methanol Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 223 Figure 7-4Jet Fire Scenario for Methanol Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 224 Figure 7-5Tank on fire Scenario for Methanol Tanks Enclosed in Tank Farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 225 Figure 7-6Pool Fire Scenario for Toluene Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 226 Figure 7-7Jet Fire Scenario for Toluene Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 227

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Figure 7-8Tank on fire Scenario for Toluene Tanks Enclosed in Tank Farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 228 Figure 7-9Pool Fire Scenario for Acetone Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 229 Figure 7-10Jet Fire Scenario for Acetone Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 230 Figure 7-11Tank on fire Scenario for Acetone Tanks Enclosed in Tank Farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 231 Figure 7-12: Pool Fire Scenario for Ethyl Acetate Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 232 Figure 7-13Jet Fire Scenario for Ethyl Acetate Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 233 Figure 7-14Tank on fire Scenario for Ethyl Acetate Tanks Enclosed in Tank Farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 234 Figure 7-15Pool Fire Scenario for Denatured Sprit Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 235 Figure 7-16Jet Fire Scenario for Denatured Sprit Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 236 Figure 7-17Tank on fire Scenario for Denatured Sprit Tanks Enclosed in Tank Farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 237 Figure 7-18Pool Fire Scenario for Triethyl amine drum Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 238 Figure 7-19Damage Distances Due to BLEVE Fire ball in Triethyl Amine ...... 239 Figure 7-20Pool Fire Scenario for HSD drum Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities ...... 240 Figure 10-1Environment Management Cell ...... 257

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AERMOD : American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model APC : Air Pollution Control APHA : The American Public Health Association BCS : Black Cotton Soil BLEVE : Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion BOD : Biological Oxygen Demand CER Corporate Environment Responsibilities COD : Chemical Oxygen Demand CPCB : Central Pollution Control Board CSR : Corporate Social Responsibilities CTO : Consent to Operate dB : Decibel DG Set : Disel Generator Set DMC : Disaster Management Cell DO : Dissolved Oxygen EAC : Expert Appraisal Committee ECC : Emergency Control Centre EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMP : Environmental Management Plan ERPGs : Emergency Response Planning Guidelines ETP : Effluent Treatment Plant GCV : Gross Calorific Value GIS : Geographic information system GLCs : Ground Level Concentrations HAZOP : Hazard and Operability Study HIRA : Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment IMD : The India Meteorological Department IMFL : Indian made Foreign Liquor KLPD : Kilo Liter Per Day KVA : Kilo-Volt-Ampere MCA : Maximum Credible Accident Analysis MCLS : Maximum Credible Loss Scenario MCR : Maximum Continuous Rating MEE : Multiple Effect Evaporator MoEF&CC : Ministry of Environmental Forest and Climate Change MSIHC : manufacture, storage and import of Hazardous Chemical Rules MT : Metric Tonn NAAQS : National Ambient Air Quality Standards NE : North-East NH-4 : National Highway Number - 4 NW : North-West PPEs : Pesonal Protective Equipments QCI-NABET : Quality Council of India – National Accreditation Board for Education and Training R & R : Rehabilitation and Resettlement SEC : Subbarao’s Environment Center SIA : Social Impact Assessment SPCB : State Pollution Control Board

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SOPL Shalini Organics Private Limited. ZLD : Zero liquid Discharge

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EXECUTIVE SUMMERY 1. Introduction

M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. is a Greenfield project, proposes to set up Manufacturing unit for API and API Intermediate unit at Plot No. D-10, MIDC Paithan, Taluka Paithan, Dist. Aurangabad, Maharashtra, Pin code: 431107. Totalproduction capacity of the plant will be API= 6 Nos., Capacity = 112 MT/Month and API Intermediate = 43 Nos., Capacity =1171 MT/MonthTotal Capacity= 1283 MT/Month. Detailed productlist is given in Table 1.

2. Project Location

The proposed production shall be at Plot No. D-10, MIDC Paithan Aurangabad. The Geographic location of this industry is at 19o32’55.80” N Latitude & 75o23’9.20” E Longitude with an elevation440 m above mean sea level. The proposed project is located in MIDC Industrial Area which is meantfor various types of industries. MIDC has provided all infrastructures like electrical power, continuouswater supply, internal road network, external approach road etc. Figure No. 2.1 shows the location Mapof project site & Figure No. 2.2 Google map respectively. The project site is approachable by Road via State highway Aurangabad to Paithan- 0.5 km. Nearest railway station is Aurangabad at about 35.46 km and Aurangabad Airport at about 36 km. Project falls within 5 km radius ofProtected area of Jaikwadi Bird Sanctuary, which is notified under the Wild Life(Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972). Subsequently this area has been declared asEco-Sensitive Zone by MoEFCC {As perGazette Notification 2202 E, Dated 12thJuly 2017}. The distance of project from boundaryof Jaikwadi Bird Sanctuary is 4.46 Km in South West Direction

3. Project Description

Complete list of proposed products is given in below Table.

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Table 1. List of products with its capacity

1] API [Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient]

Qty. Sr. No. Product Name UOM CAS NO Activity /Month 1 Albendazole MT 60 54965-21-8 Anthelmetis 2 Frusemide MT 10 54-31-9 Anti Diuretic 3 Tizanidine MT 2 51322-75-9 Muscle Relaxer 4 Fenbendazole MT 15 43210-67-9 Antihelmintis 5 Triclabendazole MT 15 68786-66-3 Anti Liver flukes. 6 Hydroxy Quinoline MT 10 148-24-3 Anti-Malarial/Anti Corona = Total MT 112 = =

2] API Intermediate

Table 2. List of API Intermediates

Sr. Qty Product Name UOM CAS NO Remark No. /Month 1 2-Nitro-4-propyl thioaniline MT 80 54393-89-4 Albendazole Inter. 2-Amino -4-Propyl thioaniline/ 4- 2 MT 80 229326-17-4 Albendazole inter Propyl Thiodiamine 2-Nitro Thiocyano aniline/ 2- 3 MT 80 54029-45-7 Albendazole inter Nitro-4-propyl sulfanyl aniline 4 2-Nitro -5-Phenyl mercapto Aniline MT 10 43156-47-4 Albendazole/Fabental/Fenb. 5 ThiophenoL MT 30 108-98-5 Starting raw material 5-Chloro -4-Amino-2,1,3- 6 MT 1 30536-19-7 Tizanidine Intermediate Benzothiadiazole 7 Sodium Bromide MT 50 7647-15-6 Reagent Sodium Sulphide Flakes/ NAHS 8 MT 50 1313-82-2 Reagent soln 9 4-Bromo-2-fluoro Aniline MT 15 367-24-8 Flurbiprofen Intermediate 10 2-Fluoro Aniline MT 20 106-94-5 Flurbiprofen Intermediate 11 4-nItro Benzamide MT 30 619-80-7 Dimizimine HCl int 12 3,4 Dimethoxy Aniline MT 15 6315-89-5 Common inter 13 3-Hydroxy -Acetonephenone MT 10 121-71-1 Phenyl epherine interm. Chloro Acetaldehyde Dimethyl 14 MT 20 97-97-2 Intermediate Acetal 15 Lasamide MT 20 2736-23-4 Frusemide Inter 16 3-Nitro Acetophenone MT 15 121-89-1 PHEP Intermediate 4-Chloro-(2,3-dichloro phenoxy)-2- 17 MT 20 139369-42-9 Triclabendazole Int Nitroaniline 6-Chloro-5-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy- = MT = 100648-13-3 Triclabendazole int. 1H-Benzimidazole = 2-Nitro 4,5-dichloroacetanilide MT = 5462-30-6 Triclabendazole int

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2-Chloro 1-(2,4- 18 MT 5 51336-94-8 Fluconazole int. difluorophenyl)ethanone 2-(4-Amino 4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4- 19 ]triazole-1yl}-1-(2,4-difluoro MT 5 86404-63-9 Fluconazole intermediate ethanone 20 5-Amino Salicylic acid MT 20 89-57-6 Intermediate 1[4-chlorophenyl] phenyl methyl 21 MT 10 300543-56-0 Cetrizine diHCl int. piperzine 22 Tetra Butyl ammonium Bromide MT 30 1642-19-2 Catalyst. 23 2-(4-methoxyphenyl) acetic acid MT 30 104-01-8 Dextromethorpan HBr.int. Hydrogenation of Aldehydes and General hydrogenation of 24 MT 15 NA Amines[ Aldehyde to Alcohol] aldehydes and Amines. 1(2,4-dichloro phenyl)-2-(1-H- 25 MT 20 24155-42-8 Miconazole Inter. imidazole -1-yl) Etanone/Ethanol 1-(carbamethyl-cyclohexyl)Acetic 26 MT 20 1157262-35-5 Gabapentin Intermediate acid 5-(4-(Ethylphenylethoxy) benzyl 27 MT 10 112529-15-4 Pioglutazone intermediate thiozolidine-2,4- dione 4-(4-Ethylphenyl-ethoxy) 28 MT 15 114393-97-4 Pioglutazone intermediate. benzaldehyde 29 2-(5-ethyl pyridine-ethanol) MT = 5223-06-3 Pioglutazone Intermediate 30 Ammonium thiocyanate MT 100 1762-95-4 Intermediate 31 Hydrogen Cynamide MT 50 420-04-2 Intermediate 32 N-Propyl Bromide MT 25 106-94-5 Intermediate 33 Cyanuric acid MT 25 108-80-5 Starting raw material 34 5-Methoxy-2-mercapto benzimidazole MT 20 37052-78-1 Omeprazole Intermediate 35 2-Chloro-5-Iodo Benzoic acid MT 5 19094-56-5 API Intermediate 36 4-Hydroxy coumarin MT 5 1076-38-6 Warfarin inter. 37 Cyanoacetic acid MT 25 372-09-8 Intermediate Tricalbendazole 38 5-Chloro-2- Ntroaniline MT 50 1635-61-6 Intermediate 39 2-Nitro Aniline MT 100 88-74-4 Intermediate 40 2-Bromo Isopropyl Isobutyrate MT 10 51368-55-9 Finofibrate Intermediate 41 m-Nitro Benzaldehyde MT 05 99-61-8 Intermediate 42 2,2,4-Trichloro Acetophenone MT 15 4252-78-2 Miconazole Nitrate Interm. 43 4-Amino Benzonitrile MT 10 873-74-5 Intermediate = Total Intermediate MT 1171 ======

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Total Capacity –

Table 3.List of total capacity

Sr. No. Product details Nos. Tonnage (MT) 1. API 6 112 2. API Intermediate 43 1171 Total 49 1283 Per Month capacity 42.76 MT/ M

At any given time, minimum 2 API and anyone option from intermediate as listed or as provided. As per the EIA Notification, 2006, proposed activity is listed at S. No.5(f) - Synthetic Organic Chemicals industry. The proposed project islocated within the notified industrial area by MIDC {Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation}. The project also falls within 5 km radius of Protected area of Jaikwadi Bird Sanctuary, which is notifiedunder the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972). Subsequently this area has been declared asEco-Sensitive Zone by MoEFCC {as per Gazette Notification 2202 E, dated 12th July 2017}, under Category “A”. Salient features of the project are presented in Table 4.

Table 4.Silent feature of the project

Sr.No. Particulars Details Nature & Size of A. List of the products is mentioned in Table 1 and Table 2 the Project Category of the As per EIA Notification dated 14th Sep., 2006 as amended from time to B. Project time; the project falls in Category ‘A’, Project or Activity -5(f). Location Details Village Paithan Tehsil Paithan District Aurangabad C. State Maharashtra Latitude 19°32'55.80"N Longitude 75°23'9.20"E Mean sea level 440 m Area Details Total Project Area Total Plot Area = 20,000.00 Sq. M. D. and Green belt Green Belt 33% Of Plot Area = 6600.42 Sq. M. development area Parking Area 10.08 % Of Plot Area = 2000 Sq. M. E. Environmental Setting Details (with approximate aerial distance & direction from plant site) 1. Nearest Village Mudhalwadi- 1.42 km Nearest town and 2. Aurangabad- 36.97 km City Nearest National 3. Highway / State State highway Aurangabad to Paithan- 0.5 km Highway Nearest Railway 4. Aurangabad – 35.46 km station

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Sr.No. Particulars Details 5. Nearest Airport Aurangabad Airport – 36 km National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Project falls within 5 km radius of Protected area of Jaikwadi Bird Biosphere Sanctuary, which is notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 Reserves, Tiger/ (53 of 1972). Subsequently this area has been declared as Eco-Sensitive 6. Elephant Zone by MoEFCC {As per Gazette Notification 2202 E, Dated 12th July Reserves, Wildlife 2017}. The distance of project from boundaryof Jaikwadi Bird Corridors Sanctuary is 4.46 Km in South West Direction etc. within 10 km radius Reserved Forests 7. (RF)/Protected No Forests (PF) Water Body (within 8. 10 km No. radius) 9. Seismic Zone Seismic Zone - III as per IS: 1893 (Part-I): 2002 F. Other Details 1. Product Type API and API Intermediate 2. Project Type New (Greenfield) 3. Schedule 5 (f) 4. Category A 5. Project Cost Rs. 8.62 Crores 6. EMP Cost Rs. 116 Lakhs The power requirement for proposed project is 7. Power Requirement 300 HP. (Source: - MSEDCL) Total water consumption: 246.0 CMD 8. Water Requirement Source -MIDC For Boiler - 500 kg/Hr. Briquettes 9. Fuel Requirement For Thermic Fluid - 250 Kg/Hr. Briquettes Diesel (HSD) 30 lit/Hr. 10. Boiler details Steam Boiler 2 TPH capacity 11. Thermic Fluid Heater 2.0 lakhs kcal/hr. 12. D.G. Set details (2 x 250 kVA) Boiler 30 m Thermic Fluid 30 m 13. Stack details D.G Set 6.0 m (Above the roof) 11 m Scrubber (Alkali Scrubber) 1. HCDO/HTDS Effluent treated in STRIPPER/ MEEE/ATFD. 50 CMD 2 Nos. 14. ETP Capacity 2. Condensate from MEE/ATFD treated In RO I. Permeate 92 CMD Recycled 3. Reject 23 CMD recycled to MEE/ATFD 15. Effluent Generation 145.10 m3/day

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Sr.No. Particulars Details Note: It will be ZLD unit 16. Man Power 60 nos. (Including Skilled and non-skilled)

17. Hazardous waste details

Table 5.Details of waste

Schedule Sr.No Description UOM Frequency Quantity Disposal No 1 Solvent Distillation Residue 28.10 Kg Day 3958 CHWTSDF 2 ETP Sludge 34.20 kg Day 250 CHWTSDF 3 Evaporation Salts / MEE 34.20 kg Day 6747 CHWTSDF 4 Spent Carbon/ Hyflow 28.30 kg Day 107 CHWTSDF 5 Off Specification Products 28.40 kg Day 100 CHWTSDF 6 Spent Mother Liquor kg Day 8775 Sale to Recycler Sale to authorized 7 Spent Acid kg Day 23755 user Spent Oil/ Process Residue/ 8 5.10/5.20 kg Month 200 CHWTSDF Waste Discarded containers and Sale to authorized 9 Drums 33.10 No Month 100 Recycler/Reprocess Barrels or Chemical sludge, Oil and 10 35.40 kg Month 100 CHWTSDF grease skimming residues.

4. Description of the Environment

Primary baseline environmental monitoring studies in 10-km radius study area were conducted through MoEF&CC, NABL approved laboratory during December 2020 – February 2021. 4.1 Topography, Land use & its Classification

Due to the proposed project is located in notified Industrial area in MIDC; there will be no change in topography/ Landuse classification of 10 Km study area.

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4.2 Soil Environment

The soil monitoring was done for 8 different locations present within the study area of the project. The results obtained of same, reveals that,

 The texture of the soil is Clay type  the pH value for soil samples are varying in range of 7.10 to 8.20; which indicate the neutral to slightly alkaline in nature  The Bulk density of the soil is in the range of 1.01gm/cc to 1.48 g/cc  The Water Holding capacity of the soil in the range of 42.15 % to 52.46 %  The porosity of the soil in the range of 46.35 % to 56.94 %  The Nitrogen (N) level of the soil 256.48 mg/kg to 326.98 mg/kg  Available phosphorus of the soil in the range of 81.46 mg/kg to 136.98 mg/Kg  Available potassium of the soil in the range of 148.70 mg/Kg to 226.80 mg/Kg  Analysis results of soil samples collected from the study area shows that soil has neither been affected by liquid effluent nor by disposal of solid/ Hazardous waste  Porosity shows that soil has good percolation capacity  Soil is also observed with good fertility for crop production 4.3 Air Environment

The Ambient Air quality was monitored for PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SO2, CO, NH3, C6H6, BaP, O3, Pb and Ni, at ten locations in the study area.  Particulate Matter (PM2.5) The average PM2.5concentration at all locations ranged between 25.4-12.1 μg/m3. The PM2.5 concentrations for all locations were observed within stipulated standards for NAAQS (24 hourly PM2.5 = 60 μg/m3)  Particulate Matter (PM10) The average PM10 concentrations at all locations varied in the range of 58.6μg/m3 – 40.3 μg/m3. The highest concentration i.e. 58.6 μg/m3is noticed at project site which is attributed to windblown dust, vehicular movements etc. The PM10 concentrations for all locations were observed to be below stipulated standards for NAAQS (24 hourly PM10 = 100 μg/m3)

 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) & Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)

3 3 The average SO2 concentrations at all locations were found 18.5 μg/m -13.0 μg/m and the average concentration of NOx ranged between 28.3 μg/m3 -13.8 μg/m3. The levels of gaseous pollutants were below the stipulated CPCB standards (24 hourly SO2 is 80μg/m3 and for NOx is 80μg/m3).

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 Carbon Monoxide (CO) The average CO concentrations at all locations were found 0.45 – 0.1 mg/m3. In general, the ambient air quality is satisfactory with respect to all major pollutants. The 98th percentile values of all pollutants were found to be below NAAQS. The other parameters such as Ammonia (NH3), Benzene, Benzo-α-Pyrene (BAP), Ozone (O3), Lead (Pb) and Nickel (Ni) were found be to below respective detection limits. 4.4 Noise Environment

The noise quality was monitored at eight (8) locations in the study area during the study period. The day time noise level at the project premises was observed to be 58.95 dB (A) Leq while during night time the noise level was recorded to be 51.70 dB (A) Leq. It should be noted that the noise levels during the day time as well as night time were observed to be within the prescribed standards by Central Pollution Control Board. 4.5 Ground Water Environment

The results indicate that the pH of all the ground water samples was within the prescribed standards. The concentration of heavy metals like zinc was below detection limit. Iron was not detected in any of the ground water samples. The hardness of all the ground water samples was found to be ranging between 112.0 mg/lit to 321.21 mg/lit. The value of hardness was within the acceptable limit at all the locations. It can be observed that the values for total dissolved solids in all the sampling locations were estimated to be under the acceptable standards for drinking water. The concentration of total dissolved solids ranged between 166.0 mg/lit to 654.01 mg/lit. The maximum concentration was observed at location Wahegaon. It should be noted that the microbiological analysis of all the samples indicate that Total coliform and e-coli was absent in all the ground water samples. Thus based on the above results it can be stated that the water from the said samples can be considered fit for consumption and potable purpose with basic primary treatment. The water can be used for domestic utilization and gardening without any treatment.

4.6 Surface Water Environment

The values obtained are compared with the standards prescribed for the respective designated use of the water body as categorized in the earlier part of the study. The analysis helps to concluded that the pH of all the samples was found to vary between: 7.20 – 8.20. It should be noted that the values obtained were within the desirable limit for pH as prescribed by CPCB. The total hardness was observed to be ranging between 98.95 mg/lit to 1104.02 mg/l . The maximum value of hardness was recorded at Wadawali and the minimum value was recorded at Paithan Road village. The concentration of Total Dissolved Solids was estimated in the range of 212 mg/l to 364 mg/l. The maximum concentration of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) was observed at Shivbhadra River whereas the minimum TDS concentration was observed at Paithan Road

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Village. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) & Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) values were calculated to be in the range of 16 mg/lit. to 7 mg/lit. & 3 mg/lit.to 5.0 mg/lit. respectively.

The presence of heavy metals like, Zinc were found out be below the detection limit for all the water samples. It should be noted that the iron content in all the samples of surface water bodies were below the detection limit. Surface runoff from agricultural fields using the fertilizers can be the major source of nitrate.

Conclusion: The comparison of surface water results with IS 2296:1992 ,shows that the designated best use of water falls under category A & B.

4.7 Biological Environment

None of the identified species within the study area are Schedule I species of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 or listed in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. There are no legally protected areas such as National Parks or Wildlife Sanctuaries within 10 km of the Project Site. 4.8 Socio-Economic Environment

Social surveys were conducted in the study area during December 2020 to February 2021 in 24 villages to collect factual information by involving community. For secondary data primary censusabstract of 2011, Government of India has been used. Table 6. Summary of Socio-Economic Aspects

Demographic Parameters Details No. of States 1 No. of District 1 No. of Tehsil 1 No. of Villages 24 Total No. of House hold population 14557 nos. Total Population 70,091 Sex Ratio (Study area) No. of Males 36,459 No. of Females 33,632 Source: Primary Census Abstract 2011Sensus, Pune District, State Maharashtra

5. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Table 7: Summary of Impacts & Mitigations

Sr. Environmental Proposed Mitigation Aspect Attributes Impacts No Parameters Measures Construction Phase Minor dust emissions Workers getting exposed Traffic management for 1. Air Quality from handling & to the dust pollution loading and unloading transportation of generated due to the of the materials.

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Sr. Environmental Proposed Mitigation Aspect Attributes Impacts No Parameters Measures cement/concrete/stone construction activity can Regular sprinkling of aggregates. suffer from respiratory water on the working problems and prolonged site, Avoiding Cement exposure can lead to dust emission, malfunctioning of lungs. Managing stockpiles. Creating wind barrier for controlling the dust emissions. Noise generated from The impacts of high Appropriate PPEs will construction noise level would be be provided to the equipment’s/machinery Temporary/Permanent workers. like spade, shovel, 2. Noise Quality hearing loss, Mental Implementation of dabber, drill, hammer, disturbance, Increase in Traffic management. concrete mixer etc. heart rate, Affecting Development of Green Transportation of worker's performance. belt. construction materials. Proper surface water Water used for Contamination of the runoff management construction activity soil and nearby water 3. Water Quality would be implemented. mainly for concrete bodies due to the surface Storm water drain mixing, sprinkling etc. runoff. would be provided. No demolition work is The solid waste envisaged however generated in the minor quantities of solid Unhealthy Work Solid Waste construction phase 4. waste generation is Conditions at project Management would be disposed off anticipated in the form site. through local Municipal of concrete/construction Corporation. materials left over. Operational Phase The Health effects related to particulate 1. Combined Stack of matter are majorly 30 m will be provided Operation of respiratory, pulmonary to the Boiler. BoilerGaseous injury & lung cancer etc. 2. Alkali Scrubber will emission from Exposure to SO2 and be installed to catered manufacturing process, NOx majorly leads to emissions from process Non- respiratory problems. activity. spontaneousemissions Carbon monoxide 3. The roads within the 1. Air Quality fromTransportation of decreases the oxygen premises are paved to raw materials & finished carrying capacity of the avoid the dust goods.VOC emission blood by reducing the generation from generated due to the hemoglobin. The health vehicular activity. handling and storage of effects related to VOC 4. It will be ensured that the solvents & other raw emission are eye, nose all the transportation materials. and throat irritation vehicles have a valid headaches, loss of PUC (Pollution under coordination and nausea, Control) Certificate. damage to liver, kidney

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Sr. Environmental Proposed Mitigation Aspect Attributes Impacts No Parameters Measures and central nervous 5. Proper servicing & system etc. The air maintenance of vehicles emissions in long course will be carried out. of time may affect the 6. Regular sweeping of immediate surrounding all the roads & floors vegetation stature will be done. physically (leaf 7. The proposed thick senescence, hampered green belt along the growth etc.) & plant boundary will help biologically thus may to capture the fugitive affect the overall emission. surrounding ecology. 8. Industry to ensure that at no point of time the air emission concentrations exceed the prescribed standards. 1. Acoustic enclosure will be provided to the high noise generating equipment’s for attenuation of noise The impacts of high level during operation. noise level would be 2. Boilers will be placed Temporary/Permanent in a confined space viz. hearing loss, Mental boiler house where the disturbanceIncrease in surrounding walls acts heart rateDecreasing in as a barrier for noise workers performance propagation. due to psychiatric Operation of Boiler, 3. Isolation of high disorderWorkers Reactors, ancillary intensity noise 2. Noise Quality developing Tinnitus due utilities & transportation generating equipment’s. to high level of noise activity. 4. Using engineering exposure on regular controls for reducing basis.The increased the noise level. noise level may induce 5. Appropriate traffic locale level disturbances/ management to be temporary migration of implemented. fauna in the immediate 6. Green belt developed vicinity of the project around the company area. premises will acts a noise barrier. 7. Appropriate PPE should be provided to workers. Indiscriminate 1.It will be ZLD unit 1. Washing Effluent 3. Water Quality release/discharge of 2. The sewage effluent from process activity. effluents may load from the company

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Sr. Environmental Proposed Mitigation Aspect Attributes Impacts No Parameters Measures 2. Blow down water contaminate the will be treated in STP of from Boiler and Cooling surrounding surface suitable capacity Tower. and groundwater & there 3. The condensate from 3.Domestic wastewater by affecting the overall MEE unit will be ecology & agricultural utilized as feed water in productivity. cooling tower, boiler, and process. while the residue from will be disposed through CHWTSDF. 1. Hazardous waste Unscientific handling & generated from the disposal may lead to overall activity of the contamination of 1. Hazardous waste project will disposed to surrounding soil, water generated from the CHWTSDF. Solid Waste sources & there by Storage of Raw material. 2. Sludge generated Management - affecting the ecology & 4. 2. Sludge generated from from the ETP Hazardous health of the workers the ETP operation. operations are disposed Waste coming in direct contact 3. Residue generated to – CHWTSDF. with the hazardous waste from the MEE operation. 3. Residue generated like skin from MEE unit will be allergies/rashes/burns disposed through etc. CHWTSDF. Designated area for Scrap materials will be provided in the plant.

1. Scrap Metal Hap-Hazard handling & Scrap materials will be Solid Waste 2. Scrap Plastic storage may lead to recycled through Management - 3. Office Waste inadequate open space in registered scrap Non Hazardous 4.Food Waste plant premises & it may vendors. waste 5. Carboys & wooden lead to rodent breeding. Daily housekeeping pellets waste and food waste will be disposed through local waste management facility.

6. Risk and Mitigation Measures

 Pressure safety valves for storage tanks  Pressure alarm high and pressure alarm low for storage tanks  Level indicators with monitoring from control for storage tanks  Level transmitter, Level gauge and Temperature indicators for the storage tanks  Fire protection arrangements in the form of Fire Hydrants and Monitors for the storage tanks.  Emergency Handling checklist and procedure. Detailed information is given in Chapter 7.

7. Disaster Management Plan

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Disaster Management Plan will be implemented in consultation with the District Administration to take care of health and safety during any untoward incident. In view of handling of processes in industry, On-site Emergency Plans are important and hence has been prepared for the industry. Additionally, recommendations for and Off-site shall be provided to the District Administration. During operational phase, surrounding population shall be made aware of safety precautions to be taken in case of any emergency situation due to the overall project activity. 8. Occupational Safety & Health Management

Company is and shall continue to strictly adhere to the rules of Factories Act 1948 & the Maharashtra Factories Rules, 1963 regarding the occupational health facilities to be provided to the workers of the company.  The industry has provided decontamination facilities for the workers. The health records of the workers are being maintained.  For the continuous and continual development, company will continue to train & educate the operators and workers with the environment, health & safety rules & regulation, procedure and measures.  Periodic medical checkup is and shall continue to be carried out to ensure the health status of the all workers.  Job rotation will be done. 9. Post Project Environmental Monitoring Plan

The sampling, analysis and frequency of environmental attributes including monitoring locations will be as per the guidelines provided by MoEF/CPCB/MPCB. The monitoring shall be carried out by J.V. Analytical Services, Pune recognized by MoEFCC, GOI, New Delhi, and ISO 9001:2008, OHSAS 18001: 2007 NABL Certified Company. NABL Certificate No.TC-7323, dtd. 24/11/2020 and MoEF&CC Laboratory certificate No. F.No.Q- 150-15018/7/2014-CPW. Details are enclosed as Annexure 10. Environmental Management Plan

An environmental monitoring program in place, periodic review & audits are carried out for effective environmental management and the same shall be strengthen and extended for the proposed project activity as well. The Plant has an EHS department which ensures overall effective implementation of the management plan.

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In general, systems are in place to ensure compliance with respect to environmental statutory requirements and Environment Policy of Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. are strongly adhered to all time. The same shall be extended to the proposed project as well. All recommendations given in the EIA report including that of occupational health, risk mitigation and safety will be complied. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. have allocated INR 116 Lacs as environmental pollution control measures. 11. Project Benefits

The following benefits are expected from the proposed project:  This project of Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. will have positive social and economic benefits.  Some of these would be direct benefits of long term nature.  The project will overcome the demand and supply gap of steel product in the country and the additional steel availability will boost the infrastructure of the area and the overall economic scenario of the country.  The project will also generate additional revenue for the State Government.  The project will create additional direct/indirect employment for people.  Local people will be preferred for employment during the construction and operation stage. 12. Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) Action Plan

CER plan has been made from this perspective, to ensure the quality of life and quality of study area people will be improved. CER, in fact, is about business giving back to the society. M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. proposes to allocate 2 % of their total expansion cost for CER activities as suggested in MoEFCC O.M. regarding Corporate Environment Responsibility vide. F.No. 22-65/2017-IA III. The total cost of the project is around Rs. 8.62 Crore and 2 % (i.e. Rs. 17.24 Lakh) has been allocated for CER Action Plan. The same shall be implemented over a period of 2 years. The activities under CER shall cover education, health, infrastructure, culture and sports, skill development & training and women empowerment.

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Preface An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the possible impacts that a proposed project may have on the environment - consisting of the environmental, social and economic aspects. It is an assessment and management tool that evaluates the possible impacts, positive or negative, that a proposed project may have on the environment. EIA systematically examines both beneficial and adverse consequences of the project and ensures that these effects are taken into account during project design. The purpose of the assessment is to ensure that decision makers consider the ensuing environmental impacts when deciding to proceed with a project. In India, Ministry of Environment and Forests has defined elaborated “Environmental Clearance (EC)” framework along with requirements for preparing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 (Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006) for establishing/expanding and industry/development projects.

1.2. Purpose of the Project The purpose of the EIA Report is to obtained an Environmental Clearance for the Proposed Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and API Intermediates Manufacturing Unit” of M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., by carrying out Environmental Impact Assessment Studies (EIA).

The aim of carrying out Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study is to assess the impacts, due to the proposed manufacturing production as well as due to related industrial activity on the environment and suggesting suitable mitigation measures. This EIA report also highlights some beneficial impacts of due to proposed project. The structure of EIA Report is as per the requirement and guidelines as per the Terms of Reference (ToR) given by MoEF&CC vide File no. IA-J-11011/281/2020-IA-II (I) dated 27.11.2020 and the guidelines of the Technical Manual on the Synthetic Organic Chemicals. The proposed manufacturing unit is for the Products of “Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and API Intermediates”. The project also falls within 5 km radius of Protected area of Jaikwadi Bird Sanctuary, which is notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972).

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Figure 1-1 Site Photographs EIA Consultant:

M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., has retained Dr. Subbarao’s Environment Center’, Sangli as EIA Consultant for this project for assessing the impact of the industry on various environmental parameters in the study area and to prepare EIA Reports and Environmental Management Plan for negating the adverse impact of the project. Dr. Subbarao’s Environment Center’, Sangliis accredited as Category-A organization under the QCI-NABET Scheme for accreditation of EIA consultant Organizations: Version 3 for preparing EIA-EMP reports. Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) have been prepared after obtaining Terms of References (ToRs) from MoEF&CC.

1.3. Identification of Project and Project Proponent The Company, M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd, was promoted by Mr. Shirish Kulkarni, who is having huge experience in API and API intermediate Manufacturing business. The aim of the M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. is to set up manufacturing activity of API & API Intermediate based on market study and according to the changing marketing environment.

1.4. Importance of the Project India's chemical industry is the third largest in the world in terms of volume and ranks 14th in terms of value. However, India lags far behind US and China mainly due to smaller scale of operations and various regulatory restrictions in catching opportunities when thrown before entrepreneurs. It is objective of our Government to improve ease of doing business and increase India’s contribution in World’s GDP which in turn improve standard of living of our population.

Recently 40% of chemicals units in China were abruptly closed by Chinese Govt. due to their poor infrastructure and polluting operations. That has been a great interruption for downstream consumers not only in US, Europe and Japan but also in India and China itself. World is now looking to India to fulfil the vacuum and be a permanent second source / alternative to Chinese manufacturers keeping in mind uncertain Government Policies in China.

This has now created a very interesting opportunity for Indian economy and it is our sincere effort to cash- in the said once-in-blue-moon opportunity.

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The proposed products will serve to cut the supply of imports from foreign countries thus saving currency and at the same time will earn valuable foreign currency by export of the products. The company is manufacturing Fine Chemicals. We see a strong demand from a buoyant Pharma Industry. The market for API and Fine Chemicals is growing and there is also a good demand from export markets. Some of our products will be import substitute and hence will save foreign exchange for the country. This project will help the MAKE IN INDIA concept in our own small way.

In addition, the Indian pharmaceutical industry currently tops the chart amongst India's science- based industries with wide ranging capabilities in the complex field of drug manufacture and technology. A highly organized sector, the Indian pharmaceutical industry is estimated to be worth $ 4.5 billion, growing at about 8 to 9 percent annually. It ranks very high amongst all the third world countries, in terms of technology, quality and the vast range of medicines that are manufactured. It ranges from simple headache pills to sophisticated antibiotics and complex cardiac compounds; almost every type of medicine is now made in the Indian pharmaceutical industry.

The Indian pharmaceutical sector is highly fragmented with more than 20,000 registered units. It has expanded drastically in the last two decades. The Pharmaceutical and Chemical industry in India is an extremely fragmented market with severe price competition and government price control. The Pharmaceutical industry in India meets around 70% of the country's demand for bulk drugs, drug intermediates, pharmaceutical formulations, chemicals, tablets, capsules, orals and injectable. There are approximately 250 large units and about 8000 Small Scale Units, which form the core of the pharmaceutical industry in India (including 5 Central Public Sector Units).

The Indian pharma industry, which is expected to grow over 16 per cent per annum between 2017 and 2020, will outperform the global pharma industry, which is set to grow at an annual rate of 5 percent between the same periods. The market is expected to grow to US$ 55 billion by 2020, thereby emerging as the sixth largest pharmaceutical market globally by absolute size, as stated Indian Ambassador to the US. Branded generics dominate the pharmaceuticals market, constituting nearly 80 per cent of the market share (in terms of revenues).

India has also maintained its lead over China in pharmaceutical exports with a year- on-year growth of 11.44 per cent to US$ 12.91 billion in FY 2017-18, according to data from the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Imports of pharmaceutical products rose marginally by 0.80 per cent year-on-year to US$ 1,641.15 million. Overall drug approvals given by the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) to Indian companies have nearly doubled to 201 in FY 2017-18 from 109 in FY 2016-17. The country accounts for around 30 per cent (by volume) and about 10 per cent (value) in the US$ 70-80 billion US generics market.

1.5. Brief Description of the Project

Salient features of the project and list of products are given in Table 1.1 and Table 1.2, respectively;

Page 17 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Table 1-1 Silent feature of the project Sr. No. Particulars Details Nature & Size of the A. List of the products are mentioned in Table .1.2. Project As per EIA Notification dated 14th Sep., 2006 as amended from B. Category of the Project time to time; the project falls in Category ‘A’, Project or Activity -5(f). Location Details Village Paithan Tehsil Paithan District Aurangabad C. State Maharashtra Latitude 19°32'55.80"N Longitude 75°23'9.20"E Mean sea level 440 m Area Details Total Project Area and Total Plot Area = 20000.00 Sq. M. D. Green belt development Green Belt 33 % Of Plot Area = 6600.42 Sq. M. area Parking Area 10.0 % Of Plot Area = 2000.00 Sq. M. E. Environmental Setting Details (with approximate aerial distance & direction from plant site) 1. Nearest Village Mudhalwadi- 1.42 km 2. Nearest town and City Aurangabad- 36.97 km Nearest National 3. State highway Aurangabad to Paithan- 0.5 km Highway / State Highway 4. Nearest Railway station Aurangabad – 35.46 km 5. Nearest Airport Aurangabad Airport – 36 km Project falls within 5 km radius of Protected area of Jaikwadi National Parks, Wildlife Bird Sanctuary, which is notified under the Wild Life Sanctuaries, Biosphere (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972). Subsequently this area has Reserves, Tiger/ Elephant 6. been declared as Eco-Sensitive Zone by MoEFCC {As per Reserves, Wildlife Gazette Notification 2202 E, Dated 12th July 2017}. The Corridors distance of project from boundary of Jaikwadi Bird Sanctuary is etc. within 10 km radius 4.46 Km in South West Direction Reserved Forests 7. (RF)/Protected Forests No (PF) Water Body (within 10 8. km No. radius) 9. Seismic Zone Seismic Zone - III as per IS: 1893 (Part-I): 2002

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1.] API [Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient]

Table 1-2 List of proposed products Sr. No. Product Name UOM Qty /Month CAS NO Remark 1 Albendazole MT 60 54965-21-8 Anthelmetis 2 Frusemide MT 10 54-31-9 Anti Diuretic 3 Tizanidine MT 2 51322-75-9 Muscle Relaxar 4 Fenbendazole MT 15 43210-67-9 Antihelmintis 5 Triclabendazole MT 15 68786-66-3 Anti Liver flukes. 6 8-Hydroxy Quinoline MT 10 148-24-3 Antimalarial/ Anti corona = Total API MT 112 == ==

2.] API Intermediate

Table 1-3 Details of API Intermediates Sr. Qty. Product Name UOM CAS NO Remark No. /Month 1 2-Nitro-4-propyl thioaniline MT 80 54393-89-4 Albendazole Inter. 2-Amino -4-Propyl thioaniline/ 4- 2 MT 80 229326-17-4 Albendazole inter Propyl Thiodiamine 2-Nitro Thiocyano aniline/ 2- 3 MT 80 54029-45-7 Albendazole inter Nitro-4-propyl sulfanyl aniline 4 2-Nitro -5-Phenyl mercapto Aniline MT 10 43156-47-4 Albendazole/Fabental/Fenb. 5 ThiophenoL MT 30 108-98-5 Starting raw material 5-Chloro -4-Amino-2,1,3- 6 MT 1 30536-19-7 Tizanidine Intermediate Benzothiadiazole 7 Sodium Bromide MT 50 7647-15-6 Reagent Sodium Sulphide Flakes/ NAHS 8 MT 50 1313-82-2 Reagent soln 9 4-Bromo-2-fluoro Aniline MT 15 367-24-8 Flurbiprofen Intermediate 10 2-Fluoro Aniline MT 20 106-94-5 Flurbiprofen Intermediate 11 4-nItro Benzamide MT 30 619-80-7 Dimizimine HCl int 12 3,4 Dimethoxy Aniline MT 15 6315-89-5 Common inter 13 3-Hydroxy -Acetonephenone MT 10 121-71-1 Phenyl epherine interm. Chloro Acetaldehyde Dimethyl 14 MT 20 97-97-2 Intermediate Acetal 15 Lasamide MT 20 2736-23-4 Frusemide Inter 16 3-Nitro Acetophenone MT 15 121-89-1 PHEP Intermediate 4-Chloro-(2,3-dichloro phenoxy)-2- 17 MT 20 139369-42-9 Triclabendazole Int Nitroaniline

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6-Chloro-5-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy- = MT = 100648-13-3 Triclabendazole int. 1H-Benzimidazole = 2-Nitro 4,5-dichloroacetanilide MT = 5462-30-6 Triclabendazole int 2-Chloro 1-(2,4- 18 MT 5 51336-94-8 Fluconazole int. difluorophenyl)ethanone 2-(4-Amino 4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4- 19 ]triazole-1yl}-1-(2,4-difluoro MT 5 86404-63-9 Fluconazole intermediate ethanone 20 5-Amino Salicylic acid MT 20 89-57-6 Intermediate 1[4-chlorophenyl] phenyl methyl 21 MT 10 300543-56-0 Cetrizine diHCl int. piperzine 22 Tetra Butyl ammonium Bromide MT 30 1642-19-2 Catalyst. 23 2-(4-methoxyphenyl) acetic acid MT 30 104-01-8 Dextromethorpan HBr.int. Hydrogenation of Aldehydes and General hydrogenation of 24 MT 15 NA Amines[ Aldehyde to Alcohol] aldehydes and Amines. 1(2,4-dichloro phenyl)-2-(1-H- 25 MT 20 24155-42-8 Miconazole Inter. imidazole -1-yl) Etanone/Ethanol 1-(carbamethyl-cyclohexyl)Acetic 26 MT 20 1157262-35-5 Gabapentin Intermediate acid 5-(4-(Ethylphenylethoxy) benzyl 27 MT 10 112529-15-4 Pioglutazone intermediate thiozolidine-2,4- dione 4-(4-Ethylphenyl-ethoxy) 28 MT 15 114393-97-4 Pioglutazone intermediate. benzaldehyde 29 2-(5-ethyl pyridine-ethanol) MT = 5223-06-3 Pioglutazone Intermediate 30 Ammonium thiocyanate MT 100 1762-95-4 Intermediate 31 Hydrogen Cynamide MT 50 420-04-2 Intermediate 32 N-Propyl Bromide MT 25 106-94-5 Intermediate 33 Cyanuric acid MT 25 108-80-5 Starting raw material 5-Methoxy-2-mercapto 34 MT 20 37052-78-1 Omeprazole Intermediate benzimidazole 35 2-Chloro-5-Iodo Benzoic acid MT 5 19094-56-5 API Intermediate 36 4-Hydroxy coumarin MT 5 1076-38-6 Warfarin inter. 37 Cyanoacetic acid MT 25 372-09-8 Intermediate Tricalbendazole 38 5-Chloro-2- Ntroaniline MT 50 1635-61-6 Intermediate 39 2-Nitro Aniline MT 100 88-74-4 Intermediate 40 2-Bromo Isopropyl Isobutyrate MT 10 51368-55-9 Finofibrate Intermediate 41 m-Nitro Benzaldehyde MT 05 99-61-8 Intermediate 42 2,2,4-Trichloro Acetophenone MT 15 4252-78-2 Miconazole Nitrate Interm. 43 4-Amino Benzonitrile MT 10 873-74-5 Intermediate = Total Intermediate MT 1171 ======

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Page 21 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Total Capacity:–

Table 1-4 Details of total capacity Sr. No. Product details Nos. Tonnage (MT) 1. API 6 112 2. API Intermediate 43 1171 Total 49 1283 Per Month capacity 42.76 MT/ M

At any given time, minimum 2 API and anyone option from intermediate will be manufactured at one time.

1.6. Applicable Environmental Regulatory frame work – The proposed project will abide and function under the purview of the following Rules, Acts & Regulations which are formulated by the Govt. of India to protect the environment and development in a sustainable way.

The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 The Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated 14th September 2006 and subsequent amendments The Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and its amendments The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991

1.7. Scope of EIA Study- The scope of the EIA study is based on the guideline provided by MoEF&CC. The scope of the study broadly includes:

 Field sampling of environmental attributes at various representative locations in the study area to establish the baseline status;  Collect & compile secondary data including socio-economic data;  Identification, assessment and evaluation of the beneficial & adverse impacts on surrounding environment due to proposed project activities considering the existing baseline status.  Analysis of project proposal and data analysis.  Assessment of pollution potential due to proposed project.  Predict the incremental levels of pollutants in the study area due to the proposed project;  Evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes by using scientifically developed & widely accepted models.  Identification and assessment of risks associated with the proposed project and their appropriate management through proper Risk Assessment (RA) and Disaster Management Plan (DMP).

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Prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate the predicted impacts; and Identify critical environmental attributes required to be monitored during the project execution and to suggest post project monitoring. The scope also includes all the conditions outlined in the ToR issued by SEAC-I and the compliance to the ToR is given below.

1.8. Compliance of Terms of Reference SEAC-I has prescribed Terms of reference from MoEF&CC vide File No.IA-J-11011/281/2020-IA-II(I) on dated 27th November 2020, for undertaking detailed EIA study for the purpose of obtaining EC. Compliance of Standard TOR for “Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry (dyes and dye intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formation; synthetic rubber; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates” Issued by MoEF&CC for EIA/EMP report for Projects/Activates requiring Environmental Clearance under EIA Notification, 2006 is given below:

Table 1-5 ToR Compliance Sr. Reference in EIA ToR Points Compliance of ToR No. Report A. Standard Terms of Reference The summary contains site details, environmental status, air quality prediction impacts due to all units in the industrial complex and mitigation measures, water balance, waste management, greenbelt, Separate Chapter 1. Executive Summary rainwater harvesting, project description as Executive including material balance, project cost, Summery CER activities, socioeconomic, ecology and biodiversity, land use pattern, geology and geohydrology, additional studies such as risk assessment, and EMP etc. 2. Introduction “Dr. Subbarao’s Environment Center” is the Details of the EIA Chapter consultant organization and the NABET i. Consultant including 12(Disclosure of accreditation certificate no. NABET accreditation Consultant) NABET/EIA/1922/ RA 0159 Mr. Shirish Kulkarni is the Owner of the Company M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. Project is a green field project. The Information about the proponent is seeking Environment Chapter-1, ii. project proponent. Clearance for the proposed API and API Section 1.3 Intermediate Manufacturing unit. The detailed background information of the project proponent is provided in Chapter.

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The proposed project will play a vital role in enhancing the Global API and Importance and benefits of Chapter 1, iii. Intermediate thereby increase infrastructure the project. Section 1.4 facilities & social benefits. Details are given in of EIA/EMP report. 3. Project Description Total Cost of the Project – 8.62 Crores. Cost of project and time of Chapter 2, i. completion. Time of project completion will be about Section 2.1 1.0 - 1.5 years after accordance of the EC. Sr. Product Tonnage Nos. No. details (MT) 1. API 6 112 Chapter 2, Products with capacities API ii. 2. 43 1171 Section 2.4.2 & for the proposed project. Intermediate Table 2.2 Total 49 1283 Per Month 42.76 MT/ M capacity

If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and Not Applicable, as project is green field iii. whether adequate land is -- project. available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any. List of raw materials List of raw materials is mentioned in required and their source Chapter 2, section iv. Chapter 2, storage with mode of along with mode of 2.7 transportation will be through Road. transportation. Other chemicals and materials required with Storage details of other materials are given v. Chapter 7 quantities and storage in EIA Report. capacities Emission: Emission & Flue gas emission: APCM: Chapter Steam boiler (1 nos.), Thermic Fluid Heater 2, section 2.8.2. Details of emission, (1 no.) and two stack of stand by D.G. Set effluents, hazardous waste (2 x 250 kVA). vi. generation and their APCM: Cyclone separator followed by bag management. filter. Process gas emission: Two stage alkali scrubber followed by water and NaOH solution.

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Effluent: Effluent: Chapter The effluent generated from process and 2, section 2.9.1. from other sources shall be segregated into LCOD and HCOD streams. LCOD stream is allowed to pass through collection pit and oil and grease trap through screen Chamber. The effluent as LCOD will enter into equalization, primary clarifier and aeration tank. The sludge form the primary clarifier Shall be centrifuged and then spread on sand bed for drying. The over flow from the aeration tank is allowed to enter into secondary clarifier. Overflow from secondary clarifier shall be allowed to flow into holding tank. The treated effluent will be tested for COD/ BOD. The treated effluent will be passed through sand and carbon bed through pump and connected to Reverse Osmosis facility. The effluent from the RO will be reused for the various operations. The Reject from RO will be connected to Evaporator, which is equally part of HCOD effluent. The thick slurry from Evaporator shall be filtered on nutsh filter. The Filtrate from NF is send to primary clarifier. The solid from NF shall be packed and send to CHWTSDF for disposal. Conclusively the ETP shall be designed for Hazardous waste: ZLD, the treated effluent shall be send to Chapter 2, section CETP with quality as per with 2.9.3. MPCB/CPCB norms or parameters.

Hazardous waste: Entire quantity of hazardous waste will be handled & disposed as per Hazardous & Other waste (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 Requirement of water, Water: Detailed Water – power, with source of breakup of water vii. Total water requirement will be = 246.0 supply, status of approval, requirement and CMD water balance diagram, source are

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man-power requirement Fresh water requirement will be = 73.0 provided in (regular and contract). CMD Chapter 2, section Source- [MIDC] Maharashtra Industrial 2.7 .b Development Corporation, Paithan. Power - Power required for the project will be 300 HP. Source of electricity supply is Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (MSEDCL) DG set of capacity 2 x 250 KVA. Boiler 2 T/Hr.; Fuel Briquette -500 kg/Hr. Proposed Thermopack 1 no 2.0 lac Kcal/hr. Man power Manpower requirement will be 60 nos. of skilled and unskilled category.

Water balance diagram is mentioned in Chapter 2. Process description along Process description along with flow sheet with major equipment’s from raw materials to product is given in and machineries, process Chapter 2, section viii. EIA Report. The detailed list of proposed flow sheet (quantities) 2.7. a equipment’s & machinery is given in the from raw material to EIA Report. products to be provided. Hazard identification and Hazard identification is described in EIA Details are ix. details of proposed safety Report. Details of proposed safety system covered in systems. are covered in Risk Assessment Report. Chapter 7 x. Expansion/modernization proposals: Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/ SEIAA shall Not Applicable, as project is green field a. be attached as an -- project. Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular

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dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing/ existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIAEMP report. In case the existing project has not obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Not Applicable, as project is green field b. Certificate and (Consent to --. project. Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification, 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005- 2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted. 4. Site Details Project is located at Plot No. D-10, MIDC Location of the project site Paithan-431107, Taluka- Paithan, Dist.- covering village, Chapter 1, Table Aurangabad, Maharashtra. Taluka/Tehsil, District and 1.1; also shown in i. State, Justification for Chapter 2 and As, site is in Notified Industrial area selecting the site, whether Chapter 5. Paithan MIDC, where all facilities are other sites were considered available.

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A Toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and Toposheet of the site location on 1:50,000/ Jaikwadi Bird Centaury is situated within 5 study area is 1:25, 000 scale on an Km of the proposed project site. Distance ii. included in A3/A2 sheet. (Including certificate is received from concerned Chapter 3, Fig. all Eco sensitive areas and Authority. 3.1. environmentally sensitive places). As unit is in notified industrial area, MIDC Details w.r.t. option Paithan, Dist. Aurangabad, Maharashtra, iii. analysis for selection of -- therefore no alternative site was considered. site

Latitude -19°32'57.43"N Longitude- 75°23'6.75"E Latitude -19°32'56.66"N Longitude - Co-ordinates (lat-long) of 75°23'13.44"E iv. Chapter 2, all four corners of the site. Latitude -19°32'53.40"N Longitude - 75°23'13.02"E Latitude -19°32'53.40"N Longitude - 75°23'13.02"E Google map-Earth Google Earth image showing project site is v. downloaded of the project Chapter 2 given in EIA/EMP report. site. Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit indicating Project is a green field project having Plot storage area, plant area, area 20,000 sq.mt. Master layout showing greenbelt area, utilities etc. storage area, plant area, green belt area etc. vi. If located within an Chapter 2 is given in chapter no. 2. Industrial area/ Estate/

Complex, layout of

Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/ Estate Photographs of the proposed and existing (if Project is a green field project. Photographs applicable) plant site. If vii. of the proposed project are shown in Chapter 2 existing, show Chapter 2. photographs of plantation/ greenbelt, in particular. Land use break-up of total It is MIDC land with a plot area of 20,000 Details are viii. land of the project site Sq.mt. Details are given in Chapter 2, mentioned in (identified and acquired), Section 2.3, Table 2.2

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government/ private- Chapter 2 and agricultural, forest, Chapter 3 wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc. shall be included. (Not required for industrial area). Name of the Unit Activities M/s. Apex Pharmaceutical Medichem Industry M/s. Quantinental Pharmaceutical Pharma Chem Pvt. Industry Ltd. A list of major industries M/s. Tooba Pharmaceutical with name and type within Pharmaceuticals Pvt Industry study area (10km radius) ix. Ltd. Chapter 2 shall be Incorporated. Paithan MIDC, Land use details of the Mudhalwadi, study area. Maharashtra M/s. Ajanta Pharma Pharmaceutical (Pharmaceutical) Industry Paithan MIDC, Mudhalwadi, Maharashtra

Geological features and Geological features, Groundwater table Geo-hydrological status of conditions and quality of water with respect x. Chapter 3 the study area shall be to geological conditions are covered in included. Chapter 3, under Section 3.5.5 Details of Drainage of the project up to 5 km radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood. Occurrence There is no river & flood hazard zone xi. frequency based on peak Chapter 3 within 1 km radius from the project site. rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects)

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Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of the xii. Not applicable. -- acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of the land. R&R details in respect of xiii. land in line with state No R&R is involved. -- Government policy 5. Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable): Permission and approval for the use of forest land No forest land is involved in proposed (forestry clearance), if any, i. project hence no such permission/ approval -- and recommendations of are required. the State Forest Department. (if applicable) Land use map based on High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the Proposed Project does not involve forest ii. proposed site delineating -- land. the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha). Status of Application submitted for obtaining the iii. Stage I forestry clearance Not Applicable -- along with latest status shall be submitted The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild No National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Animals, the project reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild iv. proponent shall submit the -- Animals exists within 10 km radius of the map duly authenticated by project site. Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis- à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon

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Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden v. of the State Government Not Applicable. -- for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area. Copy of application submitted for clearance under the Wildlife vi. (Protection) Act, 1972, to Not Applicable -- the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife 6. Environmental Status Determination of atmospheric inversion Site-specific micro-meteorological data level at the project site and (temperature, relative humidity, hourly site-specific wind speed and direction and rainfall) were i. micrometeorological data Chapter 3 collected for the period of December, 2020 using temperature, relative to February, 2021. Details are provided in humidity, hourly wind EIA Report. speed and direction and rainfall. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, AAQ monitoring for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other NOX, CO, VOCs, HC at 8 locations were parameters relevant to the done for Post Monsoon Season (December, project shall be collected. 2020 to February, 2021). Results of the The monitoring stations same are tabulated in Air monitoring ii. Chapter 3 shall be based CPCB stations are shown in EIA Report. The guidelines and take into monitoring stations were selected taking account the pre-dominant into account the pre-dominant wind wind direction, population direction and sensitive receptors and up and zone and sensitive down wind direction. receptors including reserved forests Raw data of all AAQ All AAQ stations along with min., max., measurement for 12 weeks average and 98% values for each of the iii. of all stations as per AAQ parameters are given in EIA Report. Annexure frequency given in the Raw data of all AAQ stations are given in NAAQM Notification of Annexure of EIA/EMP Report.

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Nov. 2009 along with - min., max., average and 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report. Surface water quality of nearby River (100 m Unit will not discharge in surface water upstream and downstream body. Surface water samples were collected of discharge point) and iv. from 4 locations. Result of same is given in Chapter 3 other surface drains at EIA Report Surface water sampling eight locations as per locations are shown in EIA Report CPCB/ MoEF&CC guidelines. Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of river Project site doesn’t fall near to polluted v. identified by the CPCB/ stretch of the river identified by the -- MoEF&CC, if yes give CPCB/MoEF&CC. details. Ground water monitoring Ground water monitoring was carried out at Chapter 3 and vi. at minimum at 8 locations 8 locations within study area. Result of Annexure shall be included. same is given in EIA Report. Noise levels monitoring at Noise level monitoring was carried out at 8 Chapter 3 and vii. 8 locations within the locations within study area. Result is given Annexure study area in EIA Report. Soil sampling was carried out at 8 locations Soil Characteristic as per Chapter 3 and viii. within study area. Result is given in EIA CPCB guidelines. Annexure Report with interpretation. Traffic study of the area in respect of Traffic study of the area, existing traffic, type of vehicles, their type of vehicles, frequency frequency, and additional traffic due to of vehicles for proposed project was conducted and Ix transportation of materials, Chapter 4 covered in EIA Report. There will be additional traffic due to negligible impact on existing traffic due to proposed project, parking proposed project as existing road network arrangement etc. has adequate capacity to take increase load. Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial Flora & Fauna found within the study area x. and aquatic) existing in the Chapter 3 is given in EIA Report. study area shall be given with special reference to

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rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished. Chapter 3 Socio-economic status of Socio-economic status of the study area is xi. the study area given in EIA Report.

7 Impact and Environment Management Plan Assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on site Assessment of incremental ground level specific meteorological concentration of pollutant from the stack features. In case the emission based on site specific project is located on a hilly meteorological features has been predicted terrain, the AQIP via computation done through mathematical Modeling shall be done modeling and incorporated in EIA/EMP using inputs of the specific Report. terrain characteristics for

determining the potential Cumulative impact of all sources of impacts of the project on emissions on AAQ of the area is given in the AAQ. Cumulative i. EIA/EMP report. Chapter 4 impact of all sources of

emissions (including Input parameters used for modeling and transportation) on the additional inputs - maximum 50 (24-hr) AAQ of the area shall be average concentration values for SPM, assessed. Details of the SO2, NOx are provided in EIA/EMP model used and the input Report. data used for modeling

shall also be provided. The Isopleths showing air quality contours air quality contours shall plotted on location map is provided in be plotted on a location EIA/EMP report. map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any Water Quality modeling - Not applicable, as no wastewater will be ii. in case of discharge in -- discharged from proposed unit. water body

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Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end There will be no major impact of the products on the transport of the raw materials and end surrounding environment products on the surrounding environment shall be assessed and due to proposed project as proper mitigation provided. In this regard, measures will be adopted. options for transport of iii. Chapter 4 raw materials and finished Traffic study is provided in EIA Report. products and wastes (large Details regarding impact of the transport of quantities) by rail or rail- the raw materials and end products on the cum road transport or surrounding environment are given in EIA conveyorcum-rail Report. transport shall be examined. Effluent: The effluent generated from process and from other sources shall be segregated into LCOD and HCOD streams. LCOD stream is allowed to pass through collection pit and oil and grease trap through screen Chamber. The effluent as LCOD will enter into equalization, primary clarifier and aeration A note on treatment of tank. The sludge form the primary clarifier wastewater from different Shall be centrifuged and then spread on plant operations, extent sand bed for drying. The over flow from the recycled and reused for aeration tank is allowed to enter into different purposes shall be secondary clarifier. Overflow from included. Complete secondary clarifier shall be allowed to flow iv. scheme of effluent into holding tank. The treated effluent will Chapter 2 treatment. Characteristics be tested for COD/ BOD. The treated of untreated and treated effluent will be passed through sand and effluent to meet the carbon bed through pump and connected to prescribed standards of Reverse Osmosis facility. The effluent from discharge under E(P) the RO will be reused for the various Rules. operations. The Reject from RO will be connected to Evaporator, which is equally part of HCOD effluent. The thick slurry from Evaporator shall be filtered on nutsh filter. The Filtrate from NF is send to primary clarifier. The solid from NF shall be packed and send to CHWTSDF for disposal. Conclusively the ETP shall be designed for

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ZLD, the treated effluent shall be send to CETP with quality as per with MPCB/CPCB norms or parameters.Characteristic of untreated and treated effluent is given in EIA/EMP report. Emission: Steam boiler (1 nos.), Thermic Fluid Heater (1 no.) and two stack of stand by D.G. Set Details of stack emission (2 x 250 kVA). and action plan for control v. APCM: Cyclone separator followed by bag Chapter 2 of emissions to meet filter. standards. Process gas emission: Two stage alkali scrubber followed by water and NaOH solution. Fugitive emission, dust is expected during storage, loading/unloading of raw materials, Measures for fugitive material transfer point, generation of acid vi. Chapter 2 emission control. mist from material handling area, storage area. Fugitive emission control measures are provided in EIA report Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management. Copies of Hazardous waste will be handled & MOU regarding utilization disposed as per Hazardous & Other waste of solid and hazardous (Management & Transboundary waste in cement plant shall Movement) Rules, 2016. vii. Chapter 2 also be included. EMP shall include the concept Unit will adopt waste-minimization, of waste-minimization, Resource & energy conservation and recycle/ reuse/ recover cleaner production. techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash will be sent to brick manufacturers viii. Fly Ash Notification, Chapter 10 periodically. 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided. Action plan for the green Unit will develop 6600.42 Sq.mt. (33% of belt development plan in total plot area) of greenbelt. Layout plan ix. Chapter 2 33% area i.e. land with not earmarking space for development of green less than 1,500 trees per belt peripheral of project site. Existing 65

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ha. Giving details of nos. of trees on site which will be retained. species, width of Details of Green Belt Development are plantation; planning provided in EIA report. schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be submitted to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water The rain water from the building roofs will drains to recharge the x. be collected through rain water harvesting Chapter 2 ground water and also to tank. use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources. The Capital cost of the project is Rs. 8.62 Crores, about 13% of the total project cost is reserved for environment and pollution control measures, 3.65 % for operation and Total capital cost and maintenance. 2 % of the total project cost recurring cost/annum for shall be reserved for corporate social xi. environmental pollution Chapter 10 responsibility. control measures shall be

included. 116.00 Lakhs and Recurring Cost will be Rs. 31.5 Lakhs. Cost breakup of Environment Management is given in EIA report. Action plan for post Action plan for post-project environmental project environmental xii. monitoring is adopted and included in EIA Chapter 10 monitoring shall be report. submitted. Onsite and Offsite Disaster Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and xiii. (natural and Man-made) Chapter 7 man-made) Preparedness and Emergency Preparedness and

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Emergency Management Management Plan are included in EIA Plan including Risk Report. Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan. 8 Occupational health: Plan and fund allocation to Occupational health & safety plan will be ensure the occupational adopted by unit. Rs. 2.0 Lakhs per annum i. health & safety of all Chapter 10 has been allocated to ensure the contract and casual occupational health and safety of workers. workers. Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker. If the workers‟ health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, color This is a green field project. Unit will adopt vision and any other ocular all Occupational Health & Safety ii. Chapter 7 defect) ECG, during pre- programme need based as per the statutory placement and periodical requirements of Factory Act. examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise. Details of existing As project is green field project, so there is Occupational & Safety no existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. Hazards. What are the exposure levels of hazards Hazard analysis of materials is provided in iii. and whether they are EIA Report including acute Exposure Chapter 7 within Permissible Guideline Levels (AEGLS), Emergency Exposure Level (PEL)? If Response Planning Guidelines (ERPGs), these are not within PEL, Immediately dangerous to life or health air what measures the concentration values (IDLH values)

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company has adopted to etc. keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved Annual report of health status of workers with iv. special reference to Not applicable (New project proposal). Occupational Health and Safety. 9. Corporate Environment Policy Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy Company has laid down i. Annexure approved by its Board of EnvironmentPolicy. Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report. Does the Environment Policy prescribe for Environment Policy prescribes for standard standard operating operating process to implement the process/ procedures to environmental standards. Additionally, bring into focus any ii. company has already set up a dedicated -- infringement/deviation / Environment Management Cell (EMC) to violation of the bring into focus any infringement/deviation environmental or forest / violation of the environment. norms/conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and Hierarchical system of the company is iii. Chapter 10 for ensuring compliance discussed in EIA Report. with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given. Does the company have system of reporting of non-compliances / Reporting mechanism will be adopted by iv. violations of Chapter 10 unit at the time of operational phase. environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and/or

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shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report. Details regarding infrastructure facilities During construction & operation phase, such as sanitation, fuel, adequate infrastructure facilities like restroom etc. to be restroom, sanitation, drinking water, etc. 10. provided to the labor force -- will be provided to the labor force including during construction as well truck drivers. Also food facilities available as to the casual workers during the operation phase. including truck drivers during operation phase. 11. Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) The proposed project of Shalini Organics Adequate funds (at least Pvt. Ltd. is a green field project. As per 2.5% of the project cost) criteria given in the OM, the fund to be kept shall be earmarked aside by us is Rs. 17.24 Lakhs (2% of towards the Enterprise Proposed cost i.e. Rs. 8.62 Cr.) Social Commitment based Budgetary

on Public Hearing issues provision for CER i. CER budget will be spent on creation of and item-wise details activities is given infrastructural facilities, health, education, along with time bound in chapter 7 environment, water, Sanitation & hygiene, action plan shall be road & skill development etc. activities to included. Socio-economic be carried out in discussion with District development activities Authority as suitable in nearby vicinity. need to be elaborated upon

Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be No litigation is pending against the project included. Has the unit 12 and/or any direction/order passed by any -- received any notice under Court of Law against the project. the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ ATR to

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the notice(s) and present status of the case. A tabular chart with index Point-wise ToR compliance in the tabular 13. for point wise compliance Chapter 1 form is given in EIA Report. of above TORs B. Specific Terms of Reference Details on solvent to be Chapter 2 and used, measures for solvent Solvent recovery details are mentioned in Annexure of i. recovery and for emission Manufacturing details. Manufacturing control. process details Process gas emission: Wet scrubbing works via the contact of Details of process target compounds or particulate matter with ii. emission from the unit and the scrubbing solution. Solutions may Chapter 2 its arrangement to control. simply be water (for dust) or solutions of reagents that specifically target certain compounds. Ambient air quality data should include VOC, Ambient air quality data includes VOCs, other-process-specific HC, CO are monitored and incorporate in iii. pollutants* like NH3*, Chapter 3 EIA Report. All the results are found within chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, the norms fixed by CPCB H2S*, HF*, etc. (*-as applicable). Work zone monitoring Unit will carry out work zone monitoring iv. arrangements for Chapter 10 after start of project. hazardous chemical Effluent: Effluent from the process will be segregated in two streams- High COD- Highly Acidic-Dilute Sulphuric Acid & Acetic Acid and Low COD with Rest of process, scrubber, washing and utilities stream. Detailed effluent treatment

scheme including Highly Acidic stream – MEE salts will be 5. segregation of effluent Chapter 2 sold to actual users under Rule-9 of HAZ streams for units adopting Rule. Whereas rest of process effluent along „Zero‟ Liquid Discharge with wastewater from scrubber, washing and utility will be taken to ETP followed by RO. RO reject will be sent to in-house spray dryer for evaporation; RO permeate will be reused. Thus, achieving Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD).

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Action plan for odour Action plan for odour control is described 6. Chapter 10 control to be submitted. in EIA Report. A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding signed with cement manufactures Unit has already obtained membership of 7. -- indicating clearly that they common hazardous waste disposal facility coprocess organic solid/ Hazardous waste in TSDF if any Authorization/Membership Unit is performing ZLD with in-house ETP, for the disposal of liquid RO, MEE and spray dryer setup; hence 8. effluent in CETP and membership of CETP is not required. Unit -- solid/hazardous waste in is obtained membership of common TSDF, if any. hazardous waste disposal facility. Action plan for utilization 9. MEE/ dryer will be send to CHWSTDF -- of MEE/ dryers salt MSDS of Hazardous chemicals is attached Material Safety Data Sheet with EIA Report. Unit will sickly follow the 10. for all the Chemicals are Annexure storage and handling instruction or handling being used/will be used. and storage of Hazardous chemicals. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of Unit has obtained membership of 11. Annexure solid/hazardous waste in CHWSTDF. TSDF Details of incinerator if to 12 -- -- be installed. Risk assessment for storage and handling of hazardous chemicals is covered in Chapter Risk assessment for 7, Acute Exposure Guideline Levels storage and handling of (AEGLS), Emergency Response Planning hazardous chemicals/ Guidelines (ERPGs); Immediately 13 Chapter 7 solvents. Action plan for dangerous to life or health air concentration handling & safety system values (IDLH values) provided in EIA to be incorporated Report. Quantitative risk assessment & consequence analysis is covered in Chapter- 7. Arrangements for ensuring health and safety of Proper care will be taken at the time of 14. workers engaged in Chapter 7 expansion of the project handling of toxic materials.

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1.9. Objective of EIA  The objectives of the present EIA study are to identify potential source of pollution, assess the impacts on various environmental components due to the proposed project activity, and recommend appropriate environmental management system and environment management plan for the unit to ensure that the adverse impacts, if any, will be minimized.  Examine the prevailing baseline environmental and socio-economic condition of the study area through baseline studied ad secondary data collection.  To evaluate the impacts of the project both positive and negative on the on the environment, ecology, workers and community, due to proposed project.  The proposed methodology, including equipment, procedures and processes based on the information received from the management and information given in Form-I and Prefeasibility Report.  Identify mitigation measure for the adverse impacts  Define alternative in terms of project technology  Identification of major risk areas.  Hazard identification / Identification of failure cases.  Consequential analysis of probable risks / failure cases  Suggesting measures to further lower the probability of risk

1.10. Methodology for EIA Considering the nature and magnitude of the project, surrounding area and various guidelines available, an area of 10-km radius from the center of proposed plant site was considered for the purpose of environmental impact assessment study. The methodology is briefly reported below,

 Baseline data collection: The baseline data for the impact zone have been generated for the following environmental parameters.

 Ambient Air Quality –

Identifying and setting up Eight, Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) stations within the study area of 10km (as per the ToR) radius for parameter viz. PM10, PM2.5, Sulphur di-oxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), CO and HC.

Monitoring of AAQ which entailed sampling and analysis of AAQ (December 2020 to February 2021)for the study period, using standard monitoring methods and equipment for selected AAQM stations.

Micrometeorology –

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Meteorological data was received for the December 2020 to February 2021 (The Study Period). TheStudy Period using archives / information from the nearest IMD meteorological Station, and identifying the pre- dominant downwind direction based on this exercise.

 Noise Level

This entail;

Identifying a suitable number of monitoring locations Environmental noise monitoring using SPL meter Representing noise quality in dB(A) leq(d) and dB(A) leq(n) at the selected locations. Surface & Ground Water Quality

Identification of surface water sources by including Rivers and other surface water like Lake, Pond etc. in study area. Sampling at relevant locations, considering human settlements as well as spatial spread across the study area, for parameters as required for EIA study, along with additional Parameters covering portability requirements, followed by testing using standard methods and equipment.  Soil Quality

This includes

Collection of information on soil types within the Region, based on secondary sources of information. Identifying the different soil types in the Study Area. Sampling of different soil types available in the study area for parameters and analysing as required.  Ecology & Biodiversity

This includes Collection of authenticated lists of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) from Forest Department (considering ToR), Site survey of flora and fauna within study area Socio-Economics

This includes

Collecting socio-economic data regarding population and dwelling units in the study area Collecting information about the occupational pattern, education and health & medical infrastructure. Collecting information about the general facilities like drinking water facilities or communication facilities within the study area. Cultural Attributes. The baseline status of the above environmental parameters has been worked out based on the rapid monitoring/analysis carried out during the study period of December, 2020 to February, 2021 supplemented by data collected from various Govt. Dept., census publications etc. The data is collected and analyzed as per the standard methods for establishing the baseline data and so determine the impact of proposed activity on the same.

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Evaluation of Impact from Project Activities-

The Environmental Impact resulting from the various project activities, have been identified, predicted and evaluated based on the study of manufacturing process and other project related activities as well as correlating the same with existing baseline status.

Preparation of Environmental Management Plan

Environmental Management Plan has been prepared covering pollution prevention measures at source in terms of air and water pollution control measures, solid waste/hazardous waste management, safety management, greenbelt development, environmental surveillance and environmental surveillance and environmental management team. Finally, the detailed assessment of the resultant environmental impacts has been made based on the impacts identification and evaluated from the activities over the baseline status of various environmental components to reduce the pollution and to delineate a comprehensive environment management plan along with recommendations and suggestions to improve environment management system.

1.11. List of Industries Surrounding Project Site

Table 1-6 List of industries in the study area are shown below Name of the Unit Activities M/s. Apex Medichem Pharmaceutical Industry M/s. Quantinental Pharma Chem Pvt. Ltd. Pharmaceutical Industry M/s. Tooba Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd. Pharmaceutical Industry Paithan MIDC, Mudhalwadi, Maharashtra M/s. Ajanta Pharma (Pharmaceutical) Pharmaceutical Industry Paithan MIDC, Mudhalwadi, Maharashtra

1.12. Structure of EIA Report Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter one provides purpose of the report, background information of the proposed project, brief description of nature, size and location of project, site photographs, environmental setting of the project, estimated project cost, and scope of the study. The key environmental legislation and the standard relevant to the project and the methodology adopted in preparation of the report have also been described in this chapter.

Chapter 2: Project Description

Chapter two deals with the layout of the plan, location, process, details of the proposed project, other technical and design information and sources of anticipated pollution.

Chapter 3: Description of the Environment

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This chapter covers data of existing condition of Valued Environmental Components like air, water, noise, soil, biological environment and socio-economic aspects, basic amenities land use pattern. It also gives details of study area, period of study, component of environment & its methodology. Various sections of the chapter discuss the existing land use and drainage pattern, climate and meteorological parameters.

Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

This chapter describes the overall impacts of the project activities on various environmental components. It predicts the overall impact of the project activities on different components of the environment viz. Air, Water, Land, Noise, Biological and Socio-Economic and its mitigation measures.

Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site)

This chapter gives details of analysis of alternatives in terms of technology & site

Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Program This chapter describes technical aspects of monitoring (including measurement methodologies, frequency, location and data analysis, reporting schedules, emergency procedures, detailed budget and procurement schedules.

Chapter 7: Additional Studies Chapter seven describes various additional studies carried out for the project. Various risks associated during operational stage of the project are assessed in this chapter. Hazard identification and consequences analysis are worked out to understand the remedial actions required during operation phase. A disaster management plan to minimize the risks or to combat the associated risks is also presented.

Chapter 8: Project Benefits This chapter focuses on benefits of project on improvement in physical infrastructure, social infrastructure & other tangible benefits.

Chapter 9: Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis

This chapter focuses on ‘Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis’

Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan

This chapter describes Environment Management Plan (EMP) to be adopted for mitigation of anticipated adverse impacts if any and to ensure acceptable impacts.

Chapter 11: Summary and Conclusion

The summary of the EIA report has been given in this chapter along with conclusions. It is an effort to present the EIA report in the form of a chapter. It will be easy for a reader to cover the whole report by studying this chapter.

Chapter 12: Disclosure of the Consultant

This chapter describes the name of the consultant engaged with their brief nature of consultancy activities.

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1. Introduction M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. is a Greenfield project, proposes to set up Manufacturing unit for API and API Intermediate unit at Plot No. D-10, MIDC Paithan, and Taluka: Paithan, Dist. Aurangabad, Maharashtra, Pin code: 431107. Total production capacity of the plant will be API= 6 Nos., Capacity = 112 MT/Month andAPI Intermediate = 43 Nos., Capacity =1171 MT/Month, Total Number of Products = 49 Nos. Total Capacity= 1283 MT/Month. Detailed product list is given in Table 1.2 and Table 1.3.

As per the EIA Notification, 2006, proposed activity is listed at S. No. 5(f) - Synthetic Organic Chemicals industry. The proposed project is located within the notified industrial area by MIDC {Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation}. The project also falls within 5 km radius of Protected area of Jaikwadi Bird Sanctuary, which is notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972). Subsequently this area has been declared as Eco-Sensitive Zone by MoEFCC {as per Gazette Notification 2202 E, dated 12th July 2017}, under Category “A”.

The estimated cost of the proposed project will be around Rs. 8.62 Crores. Out of this, around Rs. 116.0 Lakhs will be capital cost for EMS and Rs. 31.50 Lakhs/Annum, will be recurring cost per annum. Time of project completion will be about 1.0 - 1.5 years after accordance of the EC. Based on the type of project, following are the expected aspects:

 Air Emissions,  Waste water generation,  Noise generation,  Hazardous waste generation, and  Occupational health, hazards & safety risk

2.2. Need of the Project Due to change in economic scenario, it is time to change as per market requirements and bring out the products which gives optimum results for company as well as society.

Now a day’s, rate of human health diseases is increasing rapidly. Medical treatment with the help of drugs/medicines is a common practice in which medicines/drugs play an important role in recovering the health & control the diseases. Pharmaceutical industries require raw materials in the form of synthetic chemicals, bulk drugs and intermediates to prepare final products as medicine. Bulk drug intermediates are the active raw materials used in drug that are useful as therapeutic agents. Therefore, proposed manufacturing of various API and Intermediates has a vital importance.

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2.3. Location of the Project

Table 2-1 Silent feature of the project Sr. No. Particulars Details Location Details Village Paithan Tehsil Paithan District Aurangabad A. State Maharashtra Latitude 19°32'55.80"N Longitude 75°23'9.20"E Mean sea level 440 m Environmental Setting Details (with approximate aerial distance & direction from plant B. site) 1. Nearest Village Mudhalwadi- 1.42 km 2. Nearest town and City Aurangabad- 36.97 km Nearest National Highway / 3. State highway Aurangabad to Paithan- 0.5 km State Highway 4. Nearest Railway station Aurangabad – 35.46 km 5. Nearest Airport Aurangabad Airport – 36 km Project falls within 5 km radius of Protected area of Jaikwadi Bird Sanctuary, which is notified under the National Parks, Wildlife Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972). Sanctuaries, Biosphere Subsequently this area has been declared as Eco- 6. Reserves, Tiger/ Elephant Sensitive Zone by MoEFCC {As per Gazette Reserves, Wildlife Corridors Notification 2202 E, Dated 12th July 2017}. The etc. within 10 km radius distance of project from boundary of Jaikwadi Bird Sanctuary is 4.46 Km in South West Direction Reserved Forests 7. No (RF)/Protected Forests (PF) Water Body (within 10 km 8. No. radius) 9. Seismic Zone Seismic Zone - III as per IS: 1893 (Part-I): 2002

Following are the coordinates of the project site:

Table 2-2 Co-ordinated of the site Point Latitude Longitude A 19°32'57.43"N 75°23'6.75"E B 19°32'56.66"N 75°23'13.44"E C 19°32'53.40"N 75°23'13.02"E D 19°32'53.40"N 75°23'13.02"E

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Figure 2-1 Project Location

Figure 2-2 Specific location

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Figure 2-3 Layout map

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2.4. Size or magnitude of Operation

2.4.1. Land Breakup & Project Site Layout Proposed land area is 20,000 m2. Greenbelt will be developed in around 6600.42 m2 which tunes around 33.00 % of the project area. Detailed break up of land is given below in Table 2.3

Table 2-3 Land use breakup Sr. No. Description Area In Sq m. % of area 1 Proposed built-up area 4322.88 21.61 2 Green belt 6600.42 33.00 3 Parking 2000.00 10.00 4 Area Under Road 4508.45 22.54 5 Assembly point 50.53 0.25 6 Open space 2517.72 12.59 Total Plot Area 20000.00 100

Figure 2-4 10 km radius toposheet

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2.5. Project Magnitude Complete list of proposed products is given in below Table.2.4

1] API [Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient]

Table 2-4 List of API Products Qty. Sr. No. Product Name UOM CAS NO Activity /Month 1 Albendazole MT 60 54965-21-8 Anthelmetis 2 Frusemide MT 10 54-31-9 Anti Diuretic 3 Tizanidine MT 2 51322-75-9 Muscle Relaxer 4 Fenbendazole MT 15 43210-67-9 Antihelmintis 5 Triclabendazole MT 15 68786-66-3 Anti Liver flukes. Anti-Malarial/Anti 6 Hydroxy Quinoline MT 10 148-24-3 Corona Total MT 112

2.] API Intermediate

Table 2-5 List of API Intermediates Sr. Qty. Product Name UOM CAS NO Remark No. /Month 1 2-Nitro-4-propyl thioaniline MT 80 54393-89-4 Albendazole Inter. 2-Amino -4-Propyl thioaniline/ 4- 2 MT 80 229326-17-4 Albendazole inter Propyl Thiodiamine 2-Nitro Thiocyano aniline/ 2-Nitro-4- 3 MT 80 54029-45-7 Albendazole inter propyl sulfanyl aniline 4 2-Nitro -5-Phenyl mercapto Aniline MT 10 43156-47-4 Albendazole/Fabental/Fenb. 5 ThiophenoL MT 30 108-98-5 Starting raw material 5-Chloro-4-Amino-2,1,3 6 MT 1 30536-19-7 Tizanidine Intermediate Benzothiadiazole 7 Sodium Bromide MT 50 7647-15-6 Reagent 8 Sodium Sulphide Flakes/ NAHS soln MT 50 1313-82-2 Reagent 9 4-Bromo-2-fluoro Aniline MT 15 367-24-8 Flurbiprofen Intermediate 10 2-Fluoro Aniline MT 20 106-94-5 Flurbiprofen Intermediate 11 4-nItro Benzamide MT 30 619-80-7 Dimizimine HCl int 12 3,4 Dimethoxy Aniline MT 15 6315-89-5 Common inter

13 3-Hydroxy -Acetonephenone MT 10 121-71-1 Phenyl epherine interm. 14 Chloro Acetaldehyde Dimethyl Acetal MT 20 97-97-2 Intermediate 15 Lasamide MT 20 2736-23-4 Frusemide Inter 16 3-Nitro Acetophenone MT 15 121-89-1 PHEP Intermediate 4-Chloro-(2,3-dichloro phenoxy)-2- 17 MT 20 139369-42-9 Triclabendazole Int Nitroaniline

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6-Chloro-5-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy-1H- = MT = 100648-13-3 Triclabendazole int. Benzimidazole = 2-Nitro 4,5-dichloroacetanilide MT = 5462-30-6 Triclabendazole int 2-Chloro 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl) 18 MT 5 51336-94-8 Fluconazole int. ethanone 2-(4-Amino 4,5-dihydro- [1,2,4-] 19 MT 5 86404-63-9 Fluconazole intermediate triazole-1yl}-1-(2,4-difluoro ethanone 20 5-Amino Salicylic acid MT 20 89-57-6 Intermediate 1[4-chlorophenyl] phenyl methyl 21 MT 10 300543-56-0 Cetrizine diHCl int. piperzine 22 Tetra Butyl Ammonium Bromide MT 30 1642-19-2 Catalyst. 23 2-(4-methoxyphenyl) acetic acid MT 30 104-01-8 Dextromethorpan HBr.int. Hydrogenation of Aldehydes and General hydrogenation of 24 MT 15 NA Amines [ Aldehyde to Alcohol] aldehydes and Amines. 1(2,4-dichloro phenyl)-2-(1-H- 25 MT 20 24155-42-8 Miconazole Inter. imidazole -1-yl) Etanone/Ethanol 26 1-(carbamethyl-cyclohexyl) Acetic acid MT 20 1157262-35-5 Gabapentin Intermediate 5-(4-(Ethylphenylethoxy) benzyl 27 MT 10 112529-15-4 Pioglutazone intermediate thiozolidine-2,4- dione 4-(4-Ethylphenyl-ethoxy) 28 MT 15 114393-97-4 Pioglutazone intermediate. benzaldehyde 29 2-(5-ethyl pyridine-ethanol) MT = 5223-06-3 Pioglutazone Intermediate 30 Ammonium thiocyanate MT 100 1762-95-4 Intermediate 31 Hydrogen Cynamide MT 50 420-04-2 Intermediate 32 N-Propyl Bromide MT 25 106-94-5 Intermediate 33 Cyanuric acid MT 25 108-80-5 Starting raw material 34 5-Methoxy-2-mercapto benzimidazole MT 20 37052-78-1 Omeprazole Intermediate 35 2-Chloro-5-Iodo Benzoic acid MT 5 19094-56-5 API Intermediate 36 4-Hydroxy coumarin MT 5 1076-38-6 Warfarin inter. 37 Cyanoacetic acid MT 25 372-09-8 Intermediate Tricalbendazole 38 5-Chloro-2- Ntroaniline MT 50 1635-61-6 Intermediate 39 2-Nitro Aniline MT 100 88-74-4 Intermediate 40 2-Bromo Isopropyl Isobutyrate MT 10 51368-55-9 Finofibrate Intermediate 41 m-Nitro Benzaldehyde MT 05 99-61-8 Intermediate 42 2,2,4-Trichloro Acetophenone MT 15 4252-78-2 Miconazole Nitrate Interm. 43 4-Amino Benzonitrile MT 10 873-74-5 Intermediate Total Intermediate MT 1171

Page 76 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Total Capacity –

Table 2-6 Total capacity of the project Sr. No. Product details Nos. Tonnage (MT) 1. API 6 112 2. API Intermediate 43 1171 Total 49 1283 Per Month capacity 42.76 MT/ M

At any given time, minimum 2 API and anyone option from intermediate as listed or as provided.

2.6. Infrastructure Facilities (Proposed Plant Machineries and Equipment’s) The list of tentative proposed equipment/machineries is given below-

Table 2-7 Plant machineries and equipments details. Sr. No Eqpt. Name Purpose Capacity Qty. 1 SS 316 Reactor Reaction 7 1 2 SS 316 Reactor Reaction 7 1 3 SS 316 Reactor Reaction 7 1 4 SS 316 Reactor Reaction 7 1 5 SS 316 Reactor Crystallization 7 1 6 SS 316 Reactor workup 7 1 7 SS 316 Reactor Work up and Reaction 7 1 8 Halar Centrifuge Centrifugation 48 2 9 Top discharge centrifuge 4-Suspension Centrifiging 48 2 10 SS Storage Tank ML storage tank 15 KL 3 Nos 11 Fluid Bed Dryer Drying 500 Kg 2 Nos 12 Tray Dryer Drying 48 Tray 2 13 Vacuum Tray Dryer Drying 24 1 14 Glass lined Reactor Reaction 5 1 15 Glass lined Reactor Reaction 5 1 16 Glass lined Reactor Reaction 5 1 Table 2-8 Details of utility Sr. No Description Capacity/Dimension Qty 1 Air Compressure 71 CFM 2 2 Air Handling Unit 6000 CFM 1 3 Air Handling Unit 5600 CFM 1 4 Air Handling Unit 2200 CFM 1 5 Ventillation Unit Supply 12.300 CFM 1 6 Ventillation Unit Return 12.300 CFM 1 7 Dust Collector 600 CFM 1 8 Purified water Plant 1-1.5 Kl/Hr 1 9 Thermax 1.5 TPH Table 2-9 Details of utility Sr.No Description Capacity/Dimension Qty 1 Steam Boiler 2 1 2 Chilled water Plant 30 TR 1

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3 Cooling Tower 500 TR 2 4 Cooling Tower 100 TR 1 5 Vacuum Ejector single stage 160m3/Hr 3 6 Water Ring Vacuum Pump 720 m3/Hr 1 7 Diesel Generator 250 KVA 2 9 Hoist 2.0 MT 1 10 Vacuum Blower 7.5 HP 1 11 Lifting Device 1300 Kg 1 12 Hydraulic Power Pack 20 HP 1 13 Purified water plant 2kl/Hr 1 14 DM Water plant 2kl/Hr 1 15 Thermopack 2 K.Calorie 1

Solvent and Mother Liquor Storage Tanks

Table 2-10 Details of Solvent and Mother Liquor tank Sr. No. Description Capacity/Dimension Qty 1 Methanol Storage 15 KL 2 2 Distilled Methanol Storage 15 KL 2 3 Mother Liquor Storage 15 KL 4 4 Mother Liquor Storage 15 KL 4

Transfer Pumps

Sr. No. Description Capacity/Dimension Qty. 1 Methanol TR 5 m3/hr 2 2 Solvent Transfer 5 m3/hr 2 3 Process Water 32.4 m3/hr 1 4 Firehydrant Pump 42.40 m3/hr 1 5 ML TR Pump 5 m3/hr 1 6 Pressure filter Pump 15 m3/hr 1 7 Pressure Filter Pump 5 m3/hr 2 8 Cooling Tower Pump 80 KL/Hr 1 9 Aq. Layer TR Pump 15 m3/hr Table 2-11 Details of Tanks Sr. No Description Capacity/Dimension Qty 1 Feed Water Tanks 1700 Lit 1 2 Methanol Addtion Tanks 600 Lit 3 3 Solvent Receiver 2.5 Kl 1 4 Aq Layer Tr Tank 1800 Lit 1 5 Distilled Methanol Receiver 1800 Lit 1 6 Distilled Methanol Receiver 2500 Lit 1 7 Distillate Receiver 1800 Lit 3 8 Distillate Receiver 1500Lit 2 9 Distillate Receiver 2500 Lit 1

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Table 2-12 Details of Heat exchanger Sr.No Description Capacity/Dimension Qty 1 Heat Exchanger 10 M2 11 2 Heat Exchager 5 M2 5 3 Heat Exchanger 20M2 1 4 Heat Exchanger 12.5 M2 1 5 Heat Exchanger 25 M2 1 Table 2-13 ETP plant details Sr. No Description Capacity/Dimension Qty. 1 ETP Blower 3 HP, 140 CMF 2 2 ETP Feed Pump 10 HP 1 3 Sludge Pump 3 HP 1 4 Filtration Pump 2 HP 1 5 Sludge Separator 3 Hp 1 6 Effluent Tr Pump 10 Hp/ 60 KL/Hr 1 7 Sand Bed -PP FRP 2 KL 1 8 Carbon Bed- PPFRP 2 KL 1 Table 2-14 Details of laboratory Sr. No Description Capacity/Dimension Qty 1 Glass Assembly 5 Lit 1 2 Glass Assembly 10 Lit 1 3 Glass Assembly 200 Lit 1 4 Glass Assembly 200 Lit 1 5 Glass Assembly 150 Lit 1 6 NF 100 Lit 1 7 Vacuum Ejector 3 HP 1 8 Centrifuge 12 “Basket Dia. 1 Table 2-15 Details of proposed QC Instruments Sr. No Instrument. Name Qty. Sr. No Instrument. Name Qty 1 GC 1 2 pH meter 1 3 HPLC 1 4 Remi Centrifuge 1 5 Stability Chamber 1 6 1 7 Karl Fischer Titrator 1 8 Millipore Water system 1 9 Melting Point Apparatus 1 10 Refrigerator 1 11 Bulk density apparatus 1 12 Magnetic Stirrer 1 13 Potentiometric Titrator 1 14 Sieve Shaker 1 15 Analytical Balance 1 16 Water Bath (Digital) 1 17 UV Cabinet 1 18 Ultrasonic Bath 1

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2.7. Description of Manufacturing Process-

2.7.1. API Product Manufacturing Process- 1. Name of the Product: Albendazole

Sr. No. Description UOM Details 1 Quantity per Month: MT 60 2 No of days per Month No 30 3 Batch Output kg 2000 4 No of batches per Month No 30 5 No of Batches per Day No 1 6 Production per day kg 2000

Brief Manufacturing Process:

4- (Propylsulfanyl) benzene-1, 2- diamine and Ammonium salt of methyl-N-Cyanocarbamate is charged in methanol at ambient temperature. The reaction mass is stirred for 20-30 minutes and acetic acid is added. The reaction mass is heated to reflux and maintained for 3-5 hrs after completion of reflux the reaction mass is cooled to ambient and centrifuged. The product is washed with methanol and spin dried. The wet product unloaded from centrifuge is dried in tray dryer to get dry Albendazole. Mother liquor is subjected to distillation to recover methanol. The concentrate reaction mass is cooled and filtered to get Ammonium acetate which is sold to recycler. The solvent residue is dried and recycled.

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Synthetic Route- for

S NH2 + NCNHCOOCH3.NH4 + 2 Acetic acid

NH2

4-( Propylsulphanyl) Benzene -1,2- Diamine Ammonium salt of Acetic acid N-Cyano carbamate Mol.Wt 182 Mol.Wt 118 Mol.Wt 60

S N NHCOOCH 3 + CH3COONH4 + Methanol N H

Albendazole Ammonium acetate Mol.Wt 265.40 Mol.Wt 77.30

Mole Balance:-

Name of Material Moles Mol. Wt. Name of Output Mole Mol.Wt

4-Propyl Benzene diamine 1 182 Albendazole 1 265.40

Cyanocarbamte 1 118 Ammonia 2 34,06

Total = 300 Total = 299.46

Page 81 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Material Balance = Input and output No of Batches /Month =30

Sr. No Input UOM Qty. Output Qty. Remark

4-propyl sulphanyl benzene 1 Kg 1400 Albendazole 2000 Final Product 1,2-Diamine Ammonim salt Recycled to next 2 Kg 945 Rec.Methanol 980 CyanoCrabamate batch 3 Methanol Kg 1000 Ammonium Acetate 590 Sale to Recycler

4 Acetic acid kg 650 Methanol 20 Opertaional loss

5 ------Solvent Residue 405 To CHWTSDF

Total ----- 3995 Total 3995 ------

PROCESS FLOW DIGRAM:- 1. Albendazole = 2000kg

1. SRM-I = 1400kg 2. Methanol Rec. = 980kg

2. Cyanaocarbamate = 945kg REACTOR 3. Ammonium Acetate = 590kg

3. Methanol = 1000kg 4. Methanol = 20kg

4. Acetic acid = 650 5. Residue = 345 kg

Total Input = 3995 kg Total Output = 3995 kg

Page 82 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Pollution Load Unit= kg [No of Batches/Month = 30] Organ Spent Process Spent Effluen Solve Carb ic In- Wat Spent Moth Emission Organ Stag t nt on / proces orgnaics er in Solve er ic e generat resid Hyflo s Evaporati put nt Liquo Na Qt solven ed ue w residu on salts r me y. t e Pollution Load per Batch/Stage -- Nil Nil 405 ------Pollution Load per Month -- Nil Nil 12150 ------Pollution Load per Day -- Nil Nil 405 ------

Solvent balance: Unit=kg Qty. in Kg/Batch or Day To Recover Distillati Produ Name Solve wast Distillati spent Fresh Stag ed Fugiti on ct of nt e on solve Make e (distilled ve loss process drying solvent used wate residue nt up ) loss loss r Methan -- 1000 980 -- 20 ------20 ol Water Balance – Unit= kg

Water No of Qty. Distilled No of Net Water Net Water input Batches water Water Stage Working consumption consumption per per per Recycled days per month per day Batch month Month Nil Nil 100 30 ------Total Dissolved Solids Unit= kg, No of Batches/Month = 30

Effluent TDS /Batch TDS /Month TDS/ Day TDS = kg/kg Remark

Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil NA Chemical Oxygen Demand = Unit kg, No of Batches Month = 30

COD/ Effluent COD /Batch COD /Month COD – kg/kg Remark Day Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil NA Remaining Product Manufacturing details are attached as Annexure VII.

Page 83 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

2.8. Input Requirements

2.8.1. Raw Material Requirement Raw materials will be received in drums, carboys as well as through tankers and stored in covered shed. Raw materials are indigenously available and will be transported by road; and in case of unavailability, will be exported. The raw materials will be stored/register will be maintained as per market requirement of the products and production schedule. The list of raw material of each product is given below.

Table 2-16 List of Raw material Quantity Sr. No. Name of Raw Material UOM required Category State Month/Batch 1. Product=1-Carbamoyl methyl cyclohexyl acetic acid [Gabapentin Intermediate]. Batches=50 1 1,1 Cycloheane diacetic anhydride Kg 200 Raw Material solid 2 Ammonia solution Kg 320 Reagent Liquid 3 CP HCl Kg 190 liquid 2. Name of the Product: 5-(5-Ethyl pyrdidine Ethanol) Pioglutazone Stage I, Intermediate. Batches=52 1 Ethyl Methyl Pyridine kg 800 Raw Material Liquid 2 Paraformaldehyde kg 75 Raw Material Liquid 3 Dibutyl amine kg 32 Catalyst Liqiod 4 NaOH Flakes kg 32 Ragent Solid 3. Name of the Product: 2-Amino-4-Propyl Thioaniline. Batches= 12 1 2-Nitro 4-thiocyano Aniline kg 949 Raw Material Liquid 2 Methanol kg 260 Solvent Liquid 3 Sodium hydro sulphide 30% kg 3000 Raw Material Liquid 4. Isopropyl bromo isobutyrate. Finofibrate intermediate. Batches= 9 1 Isobutyric acid MT 0.45 Raw Material solid 2 Isopropyl Alcohol MT 0.90 Solvent Liquid 3 Liquid Bromine MT 0.67 Raw Material Liquid 4 Thionyl Chloride MT 0.88 Reagent Liquid 5 Sodium Bi Carbonate MT 0.040 Reagent Solid 6 Methylene di chloride MT 0.20 Solvent Liquid 5. 5-Iodo Benzoic acid. Batches= 9 1 Acetic acid kg 615 Reagent/RM Liquid 2 2-Chloro Benzoic acid kg 308 Raw Material solid 3 Ammonium per sulphate kg 250 Reagent Solid 4 Iodine kg 250 Catalyst Silid 5 Sulphuric acid kg 615 Reagent Liquid 6 Sodium thiosulphate kg 30 Reagent Solid 7 Toluene kg 3200 Solvent Liquid 8 Methanol kg 35 Solvent Liquid 6. 2-Fluoro Aniline. Flurbiprofen Intermediate. Batches/ Month= 100 1 2-Chloro Nitro Benzene kg 534 Raw Material solid

Page 84 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Quantity Sr. No. Name of Raw Material UOM required Category State Month/Batch 2 Potassium Fluoride kg 256 Raw material liquid 3 Iron Powder kg 300 Reagent solid 4 Ferric chloride kg 20 Reagent solid 7. 2-Nitro- 4, 5- Dichloro acetanilide. Triclabendazole Intermediate. Batches/Month= 133 1 2,3-Dichloro Aniline kg 200 Raw Material solid 2 Acetic anhydride kg 190 Raw material liquid 3 Sulphuric acid kg 18 Reagent liquid 4 Acetic acid kg 575 Reagent liquid 5 Conc.Nitric acid kg 100 Raw Material liquid 6 EDC kg 400 Solvent liquid 7 Caustic lye kg 300 Reagent liquid 8. 2-Nitro-4-Propyl Thioaniline. Batches/Month= 84 1 2-Nitro 4-thiocyano aniline kg 825 Raw Material Solid 2 N-Propanol kg 2775 Raw Material Liquid 3 Sodium Hydroxide 50% kg 755 Reagent Liquid 4 N-Propyl Bromide kg 429 Raw Material Liquid 5 Sodium Chloride kg 18 Reagent Solid 9. 2-Nitro-4-Thiocyano aniline. Batches/Month= 183 1 2- Nitro Aniline kg 325 Raw Material Solid 2 Methanol kg 1000 Solvent Liquid 3 Chlorine Gas kg 190 Reagent Gas 4 Ammonium thiocynate kg 390 Reagent Solid 10. 5- phenyl Mercapto-2-Nitro Aniline. Batches/Month= 10 1 5-Chloro-2- Nitro Aniline kg 750 Raw Material Solid 2 Thiophenol kg 540 Raw material Liquid 3 Sodium Hydroxide kg 427 Reagent Solid 4 Methanol kg 3000 Solvent Liquid 11. 2-Nitro Aniline. Batches/Month= 1000 1 2-Chloro Nitro Benzene kg 1142 Raw Material Solid 2 Ammonia kg 246 Raw Material Liquid 12. 3, 4-Dimethoxy Aniline. Batches/Month = 50 1 3,4-Dihydroxy Anline kg 250 Raw Material Liquid 2 Potssium Carbonate kg 300 Reagent Solid 3 Dimethyl sulphate kg 200 Raw Material Liquid 4 Acetone kg 400 Solvent Liquid 13. 3-Hydroxy Acetophenone. Phenyl Epherine Intermediate. Batches/Month = 100 1 Acetophenone kg 175 Raw Material Solid 2 Sulphuric acid kg 1559 Reagent Liquid 3 Fuming Nitric acid kg 105 Raw Material Liquid 4 Dry ice kg 878 Cooling Media Solid 5 Soda ash Kg 23 Reagent Solid

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Quantity Sr. No. Name of Raw Material UOM required Category State Month/Batch 6 Ammonium chloride kg 5 Reagent Solid 7 Iron powder Kg 300 Raw material Solid 8 Hydrose Kg 1 Reagent Solid 9 Sodium Nitrite kg 71 Reagent Solid 10 Toluene kg 150 Solvent Liquid 11 Ammonia solution kg 65 Reagent Liquid 12 Sodium chloride Kg 32 Helping agent Solid 14. 3-Nitro Acetophenone. Batches/Month= 46 1 Acetophenone kg 300 Raw Material Solid 2 Sulphuric acid kg 2360 Reagent Liquid 3 Dry Ice kg 1500 Media Solid 4 Soda ash kg 15.0 Reagent Solid 5 Fuming Nitric acid kg 180 Raw Material Liquid 15. 4-(4-Ethyl-phenyl ethoxy) Benzaldehyde/Benzyl thiazolidine 2, 4-Dione. Batches/ Month =66 1 Stage I=PZ-I kg 90 Raw Material Liquid 2 Toluene kg 200 Solvent Liquid 3 Triethyl amine kg 80 Reagent Liquid 4 Methane sulphonyl chloride kg 87 Reagent Liquid 5 4-Hydroxy Benzaldehyde kg 97 Raw Material Solid 6 Potassium Carbonate kg 137 Reagent Solid 7 Isopropanol kg 400 Solvent Liquid 8 Toluene kg 200 Solvent Liquid 9 NaOH kg 30 Reagent Solid 10 Methanol kg 1200 Solvent Liquid 11 Thiazoldine 2,4- Dione kg 75 Raw Material Solid 16.5-Chloro -4-Amino-2, 1, 3- Benzothiadiazole. Batches/Month = 6 1 Ethyl Acetate kg 700 Solvent Liquid 5-Chloro-4-Amino-2,1,3- 2 kg 200 Raw Material Solid Bezothiadiazole 3 Iron Powder kg 140 Raw Material Solid 4 Acetic acid kg 10 Reagent Liquid 5 Hexane kg 100 Solvent Liquid Filter aid/ 6 Carbon/Hyflow kg 15 solid Adosrbant 17. 4-Bromo-2-Fluoro Aniline. Flurbiprofen Intermediate. Batches/Month =30 1 2-Fluoro Aniline kg 180 Raw Materila Liquid 2 Acetic acid kg 400 Solvent Liquid 3 Hydrogen peroxide 50% kg 108 Reagent Liquid 4 NaOH solution 50% kg 700 Reagent Liquid 18. 4-Chloro Benzyl Alcohol = Typical hydrogenation process. Batches/Month = 100 1 4-Chloro Benzaldehyde kg 155 Raw Material Solid 2 Methanol kg 400 Solvent Liquid Page 86 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Quantity Sr. No. Name of Raw Material UOM required Category State Month/Batch Adsorbant/ 3 Pd/Carbon kg 4 Solid Filter aid 4 Hydrogen kg 28M3 Reducung agent Gas 5 Nitrogen kg 2M3 Intert media Gas 19. 1- [4-Chloro Phenyl]-phenyl methyl piperzine- CTZ.HCl intermediate. Batches/Month =66 1 4- Chloro benzophenone kg 150 Raw Materila Solid 2 Sodium Hydroxide kg 76 Reagent Solid 3 Methanol kg 250 Solvent Liquid 4 Sodium Borohydride kg 9 Reducing agent Solid 5 HCl 30 % kg 600 Reagent Liquid 6 Toluene kg 200 Solvent Liquid 7 Piperzine kg 90 Raw material Solid 20. 4-Hydroxy Coumarin. Batches / Month =62 1 2-Hydroxy Acetophenone kg 70 Raw Material Liquid 2 Toluene kg 700 Solvent Liquid 3 Sodium Methoxide kg 50 Reagent Solid 4 Dimethyl Carbonate kg 52 Raw material Liquid 5 HCl kg 30 Reagent Liquid 6 Carbon kg 10 Adsorbant Solid 7 Hyflow kg 5 Filter aid Solid 21. 5-Amino Salicylic acid. Batches/Month =58 1 4-Amino Phenol kg 250 Raw material Solid 2 Water kg 300 Solvent Liquid 3 potassium Carbonate kg 600 Reagent Solid 4 CO2 kg 150 Reagent Gas 5 Sulphuric acid 20% kg 50 Reagent Liquid 6 Activated Carbon kg 10 Adsorbant Solid 22. 5-Chloro-2-Nitro Aniline.Batches/Month =100 1 m-Chloro Aniline kg 300 Raw material Solid 2 Acetic acid kg 600 Reagent Liquid 3 Water kg 600 Solvent Liquid 4 Nitric acid kg 150 Reagent Liquid 5 Sulphuric acid kg 450 Reagent Liquid 6 NaOH lye 50% kg 300 Reagent Liquid 7 HCl kg 300 Reagent Liquid 23. 5-Methoxy-2-Mercapto Bnezimidazole. Batches /month I=36 , / II= 55 1 4-Methoxy Phenyl Acetanilide kg 472 Raw material Solid 2 Sulphuric acid kg 600 Reagent Liquid 3 Nitric acid kg 200 Reagent Liquid 4 Sodium Sulhide Na2S, 9H2O kg 4428 Reagent Liquid 5 Carbon di Sulphide kg 200 Reagent Solid 6 Acetic acid kg 50 Reagent Liquid Page 87 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Quantity Sr. No. Name of Raw Material UOM required Category State Month/Batch 24. Ammonium thiocyanate. Bathces /Month = 100 1 Carbon di Sulohide kg 1000 Raw material Liquid 2 25% Ammonia solution kg 1070 Reagent Liquid 3 NaOH 30 % kg 1500 Reagent Liquid 25. Chloroacetadehyde dimethyl acetal. 1 Vinyl acetate kg 1000 Raw material Liquid 2 Methanol kg 1883 Solvent Liquid 3 Chlorine Gas kg 825 Reactant Gas 4 Calcium oxide kg 200 Reagent Solid 26. Cyanamide 45-50 % Solution /Hydrogen cyanamide. Batches/Month =20

1 Aq. Solution containing NaBr kg 4000 Raw material Liquid 2 Catalyst NEO-HEXA kg 30 Catalyst Solid 27. Cyanuric acid. Bathces /Month = 208 1 Urea kg 200 Raw material Solid 2 Water 200 Solvent Liquid 28. Dichloro Phenyl Imidazole Ethanone/Ethanol [Miconazole Intermediate.]. Batches/Month = 200 1 2,2,4-Trichloro Acetophenone kg 100 Raw material Solid 2 Toluene kg 500 Solvent Liquid 3 Sodium Carbonate kg 80 Reagent Solid 4 Imidazole kg 40 Raw material Solid 5 Sodium Borohydride kg 12.50 Reagent Solid 6 Methanol kg 50 Solvent Liquid 7 NaOH kg 1.2 Reagent Solid 29. Hydrogen Cyanamide. Batches/Month = 100 1 OHCN kg 500 Raw material Liquid 2 Ammonia solution kg 1000 Raw material Liquid 30. Lasamide [ 2,4-Dichloro-5-sulphonyl chloride].Batches/Month = 111 1 2,4-Dichloro Benzoic acid kg 300 Raw material solid 2 Chlorosulphonic acid kg 600 Raw material Liquid 3 Ammonia Solution 12.5% kg 3600 Reagent Liquid 31. m-Nitro Bendzaldehyde. Batches/Month =50 1 Benzaldehyde kg 100 Raw material Liquid 2 Sodium Nitrate kg 85 Reagent Liqud 3 Sulphuric acid kg 200 Reagent Liquid 32. N-Propyl Bromide. Batches/Month = 25 1 Sodium Bromide solution kg 8000 Raw material liquid 2 Sulphuric acid kg 400 Reagent Liquid 3 Soda ash kg 200 Reagent Solid 4 N-Propanol kg 700 Solvent/Reactant Liquid 33. 2-((4-methoxy-3, 5-dimethyl pyridin-2-yl) methylthio)-2,3-dihydro-5- methoxy -1H- benzo[d]imidazole [ Omeprazole Intermediate]. Batches/Month = 57 Page 88 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Quantity Sr. No. Name of Raw Material UOM required Category State Month/Batch 1 5-Methoxy -2-mercapto Benzimidazole kg 250 Raw material Solid 2 Chloro compound. kg 250 Raw material Solid 3 Sodium hydroxide kg 100 Reagent Solid Liquid 4 Methanol kg 800 Solvent

5 Ammonium molybdate kg 10 Catalyst Solid 34. 4-Nitro Bnezamide. Batches/Month =20 1 4-Nitro Benzoic acid kg 1670 Raw material Solid 2 Methanol kg 4000 Solvent Liquid 3 Thionyl Chloride kg 800 Reagent Liquid 4 Ammonia 25 % kg 4000 Reagent Liquid 35. Sodium Bromide. Batches/Month =50 1 Mother Liquor with Sodium Bromide kg 5000 Raw material Liquid 36. Sodium Sulphide Flakes. Bathces 33 1 Mother Liquor with Sodium Sulphide kg 5000 Raw material Liquid 2 Caustic Soda kg 1400 Reagent Solid 37. 4-Chloro-5-(2, 3-dichlorophenoxy)-2-Nitro Aniline. TBZ= II, Batches/Month= 62 1 2,3-Dichloro Phenol kg 100 Raw material solid 2 Potassium Carbonate kg 82 Reagent Solid 3 Dichloro phenyl -2-Nitro-acetanilide kg 142 Stage I Solid 4 DMF kg 200 Solvent Liquid 5 Methanol kg 200 Solvent Liquid 6 Methanolic Sodium Hydroxide kg 100 Reagent Liquid 38. 6-Chloro-5-(2, 3-dichlorophenoxy-1H-benzimidazole thiol. TBZ- III. 90 5-Chloro-dichloro phenoxy-nitro phenyl 1 kg 350 Raw Material Solid amine 2 Methanol kg 1000 Solvent Liquid 3 Raney Nickel kg 10 Catalyst Solid 4 Activated Carbon kg 10 Adsorbant Solid 5 Carbon di sulphide kg 55 Raw material Liquid 6 Hydrogen M3 50 Redcing agent Gas 7 Nitrogen M3 14 Inert media Gas 8 Methanolic Alkali solution kg 70 Reagent Liquid 10 HCl 30% Kg 80 Reagent Liquid 39. 2, 2, 4-Trichloro Acetophenone. Batches/ Month = 125 1 1,3-Dichloro Bnezene kg 100 Raw material Liquid 2 Alcl3 kg 122 Catalyst Solid 3 Chloro acetyl chloride kg 110 Raw material liquid 4 HCl 30% kg 20 Reagent Liquid 40. Tetra Butyl Ammonium Bromide. Batches/Month = 20 1 Tri butyl amine kg 1085 Raw material Liquid 2 n-Butyl Bromide kg 884 Raw material Page 89 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Quantity Sr. No. Name of Raw Material UOM required Category State Month/Batch 3 Aceto Nitrile kg 750 Solvent Liquid 4 Ethyl acetate kg 1300 Solvent Liquid 41. Thiophenol. Batches/Month = 120 1 Isopropanol kg 1000 Solvent Liquid 2 Disulphide kg 500 Raw material Liquid 3 Sodium bi sulphite-35% kg 270 Reagent liquid 4 Acetic acid kg 700 Solvent Liquid 5 Sulphur kg 50 Catalyst Solid

2.8.2. Water Requirement Source- [MIDC] Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation, Paithan.

The total water budget for proposed project is shownin the Table No. 2.17

Table 2-17 Details of Water Consumption Sr. No Water Consumption Source Quantity(m3) Remark 1 Boiler 40 Condensate Recycled 2 Cooling Tower Blow Down 30 --- 3 APCM [ Air Pollution control system] 2 --- 4 Manufacturing Process HCOD 120 --- 5 Washings, Cleaning, Equipment, Utensils etc 14 --- 6 Total Industrial 206 --- Gardening 30 --- Domestic 10 --- Total 246 Table 2-18 Effluent generation Sr. No Effluent Generation Source Quantity (m3) 1 Boiler Blow Down 2 2 Cooling Tower Blow Down 5 3 APCM [ Air Pollution control system] 1.6 4 Manufacturing Process HCOD 115 5 Washings, Cleaning, Equipment, Utensils etc. 12.50 6 Total Industrial 136.10 7 Domestic 9 8 Industrial + Domestic 145.10 HCOD/HTDS 115 LCOD/ LTDS 21.10 Table 2-19 Summary of water budget Sr. No Description Quantity(m3) 1 Total Effluent generated and recycled 145 2 Steam Condensate Recycled 38 3 Fresh water Requirement 63 4 Total 246 5 Rain water Harvesting in rainy season 20

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Figure 2-5 Water balance diagram HCOD/ HTDS Treatment and disposal. Treated in Stripper/ MEE/ ATFD and RO. Capacity Stripper RO permeate used for make up to Boiler, cooling tower, cleaning. RO Reject sent back to ETP for bio treatment. LCOD/LTDS Treatment and disposal. Effluent treated in ETP under biological treatment activated sludge method.

LCOD/LTDS effluent is treated in ETP, Bio-treatment. Treated Effluent after passing through sand and carbon bed filter, it collected in holding tank and feed to RO. Permeate used for recycling. Reject from RO sent back to ETP for bio-treatment.

HCOD 115 CMD, LCOD = 21.10 CMD.

ETP Based on activated sludge principal. Capacity 35 CMD

RO capacity 150 CMD, [75 CMD x 2 NO.] 20 hrs Functioning Flow 3.75 m3/Hr

Domestic Effluent 4 CMD/Day

Page 91 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Treatment in dedicated sewage treatment plant, treated sewage used for green belt treatment.

2.8.3. Power: The power requirement for proposed project is 300 HP. (Source: - MSEDCL) Boiler 2 T/Hr.; Fuel Briquette - 500 kg/Hr. Proposed Thermopack 1 no 2.0 lac Kcal/hr. and 2 No. of DG Set having capacity of 250 KVA is sufficient to meet emergency power requirement of the plant.

2.8.4. Fuel requirement details: Unit proposes to use Briquette as fuel in proposed steam Boiler of 2 TPH capacity, LDO is proposed for Thermic Fluid Heater (2.0 lac Kcal/hr.). Also, HSD will be used for 2 nos. of D.G. Set at the rate of 30 lit/hr. in case of power failure. Details of fuel consumption are given below;

Table 2-20 Fuel requirement Equipment Fuel Quantity required at full load Steam Boiler of 2 T/Hr. Briquette 500 Kg/Hr. Consumption shown is based on 100% utilization of individual fuel. Thermopack 1 no 2.0 lac Kcal/hr. LDO 80 Lit./Hr. D G 2 no X 250 KVA HSD 30 Lit/Hr. each

2.8.5. Man Power Manpower requirement will be 60 nos. of skilled and unskilled category.

2.9. Generation of Pollutants The sources of generation of pollutants are described as below; Table 2-21 Details of effluent generation Sr. No Effluent Generation Source Quantity(m3) 1 Boiler Blow Down 2 2 Cooling Tower Blow Down 5 3 APCM [ Air Pollution control system] 1.6 4 Manufacturing Process HCOD 115 5 Washings, Cleaning, Equipment, Utensils etc. 12.50 6 Total Industrial 136.10 7 Domestic 9 8 Industrial + Domestic 145.10 HCOD/HTDS 115 LCOD/ LTDS 21.10

2.10. Gaseous Emission Flue gas emission will be from one common stack attached to steam boiler of 2 TPH capacity, one stack attached to Thermic Fluid Heater (2.0 lakhs kcal/hr.) and two number of stacks of stand by D.G. Set (2 x 250 kVA). Briquette will be used as a fuel for boiler, LDO for Thermic Fluid Heater HSD for D.G. Set. Most probable pollutants will be SPM/TPM, SO2 and NOx.

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Table 2-22 Details of emission from process and flue gas Parameters Sr. Stack Attached Stack Permissible Capacity Fuel APCM Emission No No to Height Limit rate Cyclone Steam Briquette separator 1 1 2 TPH 30M TPM <150 PPM Boiler I 500kg/Hr followed by Dust collector Dust collector TPM Thermopac LDO with <150 ppm 2 2 2 Lac/Hr 30M SO2 Boiler II 80 li/Hr appropriate <35 ppm 1.6 kg/H Stack height. HSD 30 Acoustic SO2 <150 ppm 3 3 DG 250 6M* lit/Hr Enclosure 3kg/Hr. <35 ppm HSD 30 Acoustic SO2 4 4 DG 250 6M* <35 ppm lit/Hr Enclosure 3kg/Hr. Table 2-23 Details of proposed process and air emission Sr. Stack Stack Permissible Attached to APCM Parameters No. No Height Limit Catch pot with packed Acid mist, Scrubber 1 1 column with water 10m HCl <35 ppm Process supply CO2/ SO2 Laboratory Catch pot packed column SO2, HCL, 2 2 Fume with water/Alkali 10m <35 ppm NO, HBr cupboard circulation. Process Catch pot with packed HCl, SO2, 4 3 15 m < 35PPM. Reactor column CO2

Sources of fugitive emission:

Fugitive emission, dust is expected during storage, loading/unloading of raw materials, material transfer point, generation of acid mist from material handling area, storage area. There will be also chances of generation of fugitive emission from vehicular movement in the premises.

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Table 2-24 Details of stack Attached to Steam Boiler Thermopac DG Set Capacity 2 TPH 2 Lac Kcal 2 x 250 KVA Fuel type Briquette LDO HSD Fuel 500 Kg/Hr. LDO 80 li/Hr 30 lit/Hr. MOC MS MS MS Shape Round Round Round Height m 6.0 m Above roof top 30 m 30 m (aboveground level) of the shed Cyclone separator Dust Appropriate Stack and Mitigation Measures Stack/ Acoustic Collector Dust collector

2.10.1. Hazardous & Solid waste generation The main solid waste from this factory will be (a) non-hazardous and (b) hazardous from process; a. Non-hazardous waste: Table 2-25 Details of Non-hazardous waste Sr.No. Description Schedule No UOM Frequency Quantity 1 Boiler Ash NA kg Day 1500 2 Canteen Waste NA MT Month 0.30 3 Packaging Waste NA MT Month 0.40 4 Office waste NA MT Month 0.40 5 Septic Tank Sludge NA MT Month 0.30 6 Polythene bags NA MT Month 0.30 7 Broken Glass NA MT Month 0.02 8 Electronic Waste NA kg Month 10 9 Corrugated Box NA kg Month 100 10 Mild still [ MS Scrap] NA kg Month 250 11 SS Scrap. NA kg Month 150  Non-hazardous waste will be segregated as recyclable/ saleable.  Waste minimization at all levels for discarded products, empty containers, packing, surplus, unloading spillages and fugitives.  The plant will produce very less amount of scrap material. All these will however be stored carefully on raised platform, with dwarf toe-walls all around and an overhead roof. The contents will not be stored in the factory for more than a fortnight. b. Hazardous Waste Table 2-26 Details of hazardous waste Schedule Sr.No. Description UOM Frequency Quantity Disposal No Solvent 1 Distillation 28.10 Kg Day 3958 CHWTSDF Residue 2 ETP Sludge 34.20 kg Day 250 CHWTSDF Evaporation Salts 3 34.20 kg Day 6747 CHWTSDF /MEE Spent Carbon/ 4 28.30 kg Day 107 CHWTSDF Hyflow Off Specification 5 28.40 kg Day 100 CHWTSDF Products Page 94 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Spent Mother 6 kg Day 8775 Sale to Recycler Liquor 7 Spent Acid kg Day 23755 Sale to authorized user Spent Oil/ Process 8 5.10/5.20 kg Month 200 CHWTSDF Residue/ Waste Discarded containers and Sale to authorized 9 33.10 No Month 100 Drums Recycler/Reprocessor Barrels Chemical sludge, Oil and grease 10 35.40 kg Month 100 CHWTSDF skimming residues.

Reuse/ Recycle/ Recovery Systems proposed along with Details

 The solvents used in manufacturing process will be recycled in the process itself.  The solvent recovery scheme will be proposed to recover maximum recovery of solvents. Noise generation Noise generation will be from process plant, from operation of boiler, TFH, D.G. Set and other machineries/equipment, vehicular movements and other machineries. General noise level in the plant is expected to come below acceptable limit.

2.11. Pollution Control Strategy The details of pollution control strategy for various parameters are,

2.11.1. Effluent Management 1. Effluent is categorized as LCOD and HCOD based on COD value in terms of mg/Lit 2. Value more than 5000 mg/Lit is considered as LCOD and above as HCOD. 3. The corresponding streams of effluent are segregated and then sent for treatment to respective unit. 4. HCOD/ HTDS IS Treated in evaporation system. The unit has 3 no different units combined together. Stripper column, MEE and ATFD. Condensate is pumped to RO with appropriate Capacity of RO or sent to ETP biological treatment along with LCOD/LTDS effluent. [If COD /TDS within limit]. 5. LCOD/LTDS is treated in ETP for biological treatment. Pretreated effluent shall be stored in a holding tank and then pumped to RO for further treatment. Description of Treatment The total water requirement is 246 KL. Waste water generated from plant premises will be 145 KL Out of this 115 KLD will be high COD [Manufacturing Process] and 21 KLD Will be from washings, laboratory usage,floor cleaning , equipment cleaning, product washing and utensils washings. Boiler / cooling tower blow down etc. 9 KLD from domestic over flow from septic tank. [Treated separately in STP as outlined below]This waste water shall be pumped into above ground level tank for storage and neutralization of HCOD. LCOD effluent then routed to Zero liquid discharge facility in plant premises. All treatment tanks will be constructed and installed above ground level with proof lining. HTDS/HCOD will be sent to MEE system with stripper column followed by ATFD [Agitated thin film dryer]. The condensate from MEE/ATFD and LTDS/LCOD effluents will be sent to either Biological ETP or recycled to MEE/ATFD. After pretreatment the effluent will be sent to RO system.Permeate from RO system 70-75% shall be recycled and Reject shall

Page 95 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP be back to MEE system or can be transferred to ETP biological treatment. Salts collected from ATFD system will be collected and sent to CHWTSDF for safe disposal.

Effluent Management and ZLD system: The effluent management system shall be developed to ensure ZLD. Effluent streams shall be segrated as HCOD/ LCOD characterization. COD value upto 5000 mg/Lit is categorized as LCOD [Low Chemical Oxygen Demand] and COD value more than 5000 mg/Lit as HCOD [High Chemical Oxygen Demand]. HCOD / HTDS EFFLUENT The treatment system facility consist of 1. Screen Chamber. 2. Collection tank/ Neutralization tank. 3. Stripper column 4.MEE double effect forced evaporation. 5. ATFD Effluent is pumped to stripper column with marinating the flow and other conditions of temperature to stripped low boiling and organic matter. The stripped condensate is collected and stored. It can be sending to incinerator or sold to recycler.

Bottom aqueous part shall be be inlet to MEE calendriya for forced evaporation under steam pressure of 4- bar with TVR [Thermo vapour Recompressor]. Condensate is collected in a holding tank. The concentrate from MEE having about 10-15 % aqueous part is discharged to ATFD with appropriately regulating the flow for proper evaporation and discharge of solid as waste. Condensate from ATFD / MEE is sent to RO. Permeate of RO is recycled and Reject is send to MEE/ATFD or ETP for Bio treatment along with

The solid discharged from ATFD Bottom is collected and packed in appropriate packaging material. It contains about 5-10 % of moisture, sent to CHWTSDF for disposal.

LTDS/ LCOD effluent will be generated from process washing, floor washings, utensils cleaning, Laboratory operations, cooling tower blow down and other general operations is sent to Biological treatment.

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Primary Treatment

The effluent enters into 2 no oil and grease chamber and then to equalization tank for dilution process for better functioning and effective treatment. The effluent is thoroughly mixed with the help of air to get a constant composition of the effluent. Effluent PH is adjusted to 7-8 with either acid or alkali. Neutralized effluent is pumped to primary setting tank where the settled solid is separated. The clarified effluent is sent to secondary treatment. Settled sludge is centrifuged and filtrate is recycled. The solid sludge is unloaded and stored at quarantine area then disposed of to CHWTSDF or land filling if quality is compatible.

Secondary Treatment

The secondary is a biological activated sludge process. A two stage activated sludge process is adopted.

Stage I

Primary treated effluent is made inlet to aeration tank where aerobic bacterial culture is maintained in suspension referred as mixed liquor suspended solids [MLSS].

The aerobic environment in the aerator is achieved by use of mechanical surface aerator or pure oxygen which helps to maintain contents in a well mixed form with proper DO level. The effluent from aeration tank is passed in to primary clarifier where the activated sludge is separated from treated waste water. A portion of settled activated MLSS is retained. Over flow of primary goes to second stage of activated sludge process called oxidation ditches.

Stage II

The surface aerator in series and connected in aeration tank. The treatment procedure is same as in stage I. The overflow from the ditches is connected to secondary clarifier and collected in treated effluent sump.

Tertiary Treatment

The treated effluent collected from activated sludge process is sent to carbon and sand bed pressure filter and collected in a separate holding tank and then pumped through RO, plant of appropriate capacity 150 kl/day [6.85 KL/Hr]. The pump flow is based on 20 hrs functioning.

75-80 % permeate Output is collected and recycled to Cooling Tower, Boiler feed, cleaning etc. RO Reject is sent to Evaporation system [MEE/ ATFD] or ETP for biological treatment depending upon COD/TDS values.

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Figure 2-6 Details of treatment facilities Table 2-27 Characteristic of Untreated HCOD Effluent Sr. No. Parameter Unit Value 1. pH -- 5.0 to 8.0 2. BOD BOD@270C for 3 days Mg/ Lit 16604.23 3. COD Mg/ Lit 45115.66 4. TDS Mg/ Lit 71895.82 5. TSS Mg/ Lit 100 6. O&G Mg/ Lit 400-500 Table 2-28 Characteristic of LCOD Effluent- 57.1 M3/day Sr. No. Parameter Unit Value 1. pH -- 5.0 to 8.0 2. COD Mg/ Lit 4000 3. TDS Mg/ Lit 5000 4. O&G Mg/ Lit 10

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Table 2-29Characteristic of treated Effluent Sr. No. Parameter Unit Value Standard as per MPCB 1. pH -- 7.0 to 8.0 7.0 to 8.0 2. COD Mg/ Lit <300 <250 3. BOD@270C for 3 days Mg/ Lit <100 <100 4. TDS Mg/ Lit <400 4. TSS Mg/ Lit <100 <100 5. O&G Mg/ Lit <10 <10

Details of Reverse Osmosis [RO1] HCOD/LTDS

1. RO Capacity 70 CMD 2 NO. 2. Each RO total Feed capacity 7 CMD. 3. Flow rate 3.5 KL/Hr. 20 hr. functioning. 4. Output 75-80 % permeate, -25-20 % Reject.

Figure 2-7 Details of RO

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Table 2-30 Technical specification of various unit Capacity Sr. No Facility Description Treatment Unit No MOC In m3 1 Screening Chamber 0.95X0.85x 1.84 1 1.5 RCC 2 Oil and grease trap 0.9x0.8x1.85 2 1.5 RCC 3 Collection tank 3.94X3.92X3.2 1 50 RCC 4 Coagulation Tank 1.3X01.50 SWD 2 2 RCC 5 Flocculation Tank 1.3x 1.53 1 2 RCC 6 Primary settling Tank 3x3.1.8 1 10 RCC 7 Aeration Tank 5x6x4 1 120 RCC 8 Secondary Clarifier with hopper Bottom 3x3x1.70 1 15 RCC 9 Filter feed Tank 2x3.98x2.48 1 30 10 Treated water Tank 2.47x2.50x3 1 24 11 Centrifuge 56” 2 400 kg cake capacity MS 12 Decantar 2-5 m3/hr 1 2-4m3/Hr MS Table 2-31 Details of mechanical equipments Sr. Description Size/ Capacity Hp Quantity MOC No HDPE/PP- 1 Poly Electorate Dosing Tan 100 lit NA 1 FRP 2 Alum Dosing Tank 100 NA 1 HDPE 3 DAP Dosing Tank 100 NA 1 HDPE 4 Urea dosing tank 100 NA 1 HDPE 5 Sludge transfer pump 12 1 6 Sludge Recycle pump 12 1 1 7 Primary feed pump 12 1 1 8 PSF Feed pump 12 3 2 9 RO feed pump 12 3 2 Air blower for bioreactor or aeration 10 700 m3/Hr 7.50 2 Tank 11 Air Blower for equalization Tank 150m3/Hr 5 1 12 Air blower for collection Tank 150 m3/Hr 5 2 13 Pressure sand filter NA NA 1 PP-FRP 14 Activated carbon filter NA NA 1 PP-FRP 70 Dia X 2M 15 Fine bubbled diffused aeration system NA 20 Silicon Length Course bubbled mixing system for 16 1000 mm Long NA 20 PVC equalization tank 17 Decanter feed screw pump 1000lit/Hr 1 1 CI/SS

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Table 2-32 Details of electrical units Sr. No Description Size/ Capacity Hp Quantity MOC Motor control center Local motor control center 1 --- NA 1 Flame proof Earthling System Area Lightening 2 Interconnecting piping valves NA NA 1 Standard

Sewage Treatment Plant

Design Basis-

The plant is designed to treat the raw wastewater generated from domestic sources including kitchen having following characteristics as given:

 Capacity : 15 M3/D Average  Hours of Operation : 0.64 M3/Hr. @ 23 Hrs.  Peak Flow : 15 m3  Peak factor : 3.0 times for 3 hours Inlet Parameter Outlet Parameter

Parameter Details Parameter Details

pH 6.0-9.0 pH 6.5-8.5 BOD 300 mg/L BOD <10.0 mg/L

COD 500-600 mg/L COD <30.0 mg/L Suspended Solids 200-300 mg/L Suspended Solids <10.0 mg/L

Oil & Grease 20-30 mg/L Oil & Grease < 01 mg/L

* The plant is designed to operate at max. +/- 10 % variation in raw wastewater parameters

The proposal for 15 CMD sewage treatment plant (STP)

• Features of MBBR Packaged system: • Best present available highly aerobic technology for sewage treatment. • Self-regulating biomass development and biomass holding process capability • No operational adjustments required • No sludge recirculation & Single pass treatment • Lower footprints than any other technology& efficient process • Stable under high organic loading • Low mechanical equipment maintenance • Low noise level • No odour in surrounding environment • No media replacement • Old plants of any technology are upgraded with MBBR technology for capacity enhancement / quality improvements.

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• Complies Pollution Control Board and local authority norms • Treated water can be directly utilized for gardening, flushing etc.

Sewage Effluent Treatment Schematic Flow Diagram

3 m

5m

Table 2-33 Details of STP Capacity Unit Method Of Construction Location (Volume-M3) Screen Chamber 1.5 RCC Underground Equalization Tank 7.5 RCC Underground MBBR Reactor 1+1 6 RCC Underground Tube Settler 5 RCC Underground Filter Feed Tank 4 RCC Underground Sludge Holding Tank 5 RCC Underground Final Treated Water Tank 5 RCC Underground (08 Hrs HRT) Plant Room 1 m X 1.5 m RCC Aboveground Total Space Requirement Approx. 15 m2

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Table 2-34 details of electro-mechanical works

Sr. Equipment Detail MOC/ Type Make Quantity No. 1 Coarse Screen MSEP GMC 01 Sewage Transfer Pump- (2 CMH Kirloskar/ 02 2 Horizontal Centrifugal @ 10m TDH) CRI/Equivalent (1W+1S) Filter Feed Pump -(2 CMH @ 02 3 Horizontal Centrifugal Kirloskar/Equivalent 10m TDH) (1W+1S) 4 Sludge Pump Horizontal Centrifugal Kirloskar/Equivalent 02 Nos. Air Blower – For EQT, Aeration 02 5 tanks & SHT CI Everest/TMVT/Equi. (1W+1S) (4 CMH @ 0.3 Bar) 6 Dosing Pumps Edose/Equivalent 02 Nos. 7 Dosing Tanks HDPE 02 Nos. MBBR media -(High Surface 8 PP Marvellous/Equi. 1 LOT Area) 9 Tube settler media PVC Marvellous/Cooldeck 1 LOT MS powder coated Electrical Auto/Manual buttons for 10 GMC Std. 01 Nos. Control Panel Eaton/ Siemens every components Inter connecting Piping between Astral/Prince/ 11 UPVC/GI 01 Lot pumps, fittings Equivalent Cables from panel to all electro- Polycab/Finolex/ 12 01 Lot mechanical equivalent Air Grids for EQT, Aeration, Astral/Prince/ 13 CPVC + UPVC 01 Lot SHT equivalent Pressure Sand Filter-600X750 14 MSEP GMC / Equivalent 01 Nos. HOS Activated Carbon Filter-600X750 15 MSEP GMC / Equivalent 01 Nos. HOS 16 Micron Filter PP / Equivalent 01 Nos.

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2.9.2 Air Pollution Control (APC) Measures

The main source of below mentioned gases is from manufacturing process of various products/ intermediate.

Table 2-35 Details of air pollution control measure Name of Emission Emission Rate Sr.No. Name of the Product Disposal Method the Gas kg/Day kg/Hr. 4.7- Dichloro HCl 20.88 2.088 Scrubbed with chilled 1 Quinoline SO2 162.66 1.62 water and caustic solution 2-Nitro thiocyano Scrubbed with chilled 2 HCl 487 32.46 aniline water and caustic solution 6.51 , Scrubbed with chilled HBr, HCl, 78.20, 85.4 3 2-Bromo Isobutyrate 7.11,10.57 water and caustic SO2 105.73 solution. Scrubbed with chilled 2-Nitro thiocycano 4 HCl 487 24.35 water and caustic aniline solution. Scrubbed with chilled HCl 86 4.30 5 4-Nitro Benzamide water and caustic SO2 66.60 6.66 solution. Disposed off to 6 n-Propyl Bromide CO2 16.66 1.66 atmosphere Miconazole Disposed off to 7 CO2 114.06 11.406 Intermediate atmosphere Trichloro Scrubbed in chilled water 8 HCl 82.659 6.265 acetophenone and caustic solution 4-Chloro dichloro 9 CO2 201 2.01 Disposed to atmosphere phenoxy Aniline 5-Amino Salicylic Disposed off to 10 CO2 186.20 12.40 acid atmosphere Scrubbed in chilled 11 4-Amino Benzonitrile HCl, SO2 205.5, 180 2.055, 2 water/ Caustic solution. Fugitive Emission Control To control fugitive emission, following steps will be implemented:

 Entire process will be carried out in closed reactors.  Pneumatically transfer of liquid raw material in rector.  Provision of mechanical seals in pumps.  Raw material will be stored in the covered structure.  Regular maintenance of valves, pipes etc.  Provision dust suppression system (water sprinklers) to control air borne dust.  Fly ash will be stored in covered sheds only.  Internal road will be concreted or paved to reduce the fugitive emission during vehicular movement.  Greenbelt will be developed around the plant to arrest the fugitive emission.  Frequent work area monitoring will be done ensure fugitive emissions level.

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2.11.2. Hazardous/Solid Waste Management Entire quantity of hazardous waste will be handled & disposed as per Hazardous & Other waste (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. There will be ten sources of Solid/hazardous waste generation. ETP Sludge and salt from Spray Dryer will be disposed off to approve CHWTSDF site. Iron sludge and gypsum sludge will be sold to the cement plant for co-processing or disposed off to approve CHWTSDF site. Iron sludge and gypsum sludge will be sold to the cement plant for co-processing or disposed off to approve CHWTSDF site.

Table 2-36 Hazardous waste Details Sr. Schedule Description UOM Frequency Quantity Disposal No. No Solvent Distillation 1 28.10 Kg Day 3958 CHWTSDF Residue 2 ETP Sludge 34.20 kg Day 250 CHWTSDF Evaporation Salts / 3 34.20 kg Day 6747 CHWTSDF MEE 4 Spent Carbon/ Hyflow 28.30 kg Day 107 CHWTSDF Off Specification 5 28.40 kg Day 100 CHWTSDF Products 6 Spent Mother Liquor kg Day 8775 Sale to Recycler 7 Spent Acid kg Day 23755 Sale to authorized user Spent Oil/ Process 8 5.10/5.20 kg Month 200 CHWTSDF Residue/ Waste Discarded containers Sale to authorized 9 and Drums 33.10 No Month 100 Recycler/Reprocessor Barrels Chemical sludge, Oil 10 and grease skimming 35.40 kg Month 100 CHWTSDF residues.

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Table 2-37 Details of Non-hazardous waste Sr.No. Description Schedule No UOM Frequency Quantity 1 Boiler Ash NA kg Day 1500 2 Canteen Waste NA MT Month 0.30 3 Packaging Waste NA MT Month 0.40 4 Office waste NA MT Month 0.40 5 Septic Tank Sludge NA MT Month 0.30 6 Polythene bags NA MT Month 0.30 7 Broken Glass NA MT Month 0.02 8 Electronic Waste NA kg Month 10 9 Corrugated Box NA kg Month 100 10 Mild still [ MS Scrap] NA kg Month 250 11 SS Scrap. NA kg Month 150  Non-hazardous waste will be segregated as recyclable/ saleable.  Waste minimization at all levels for discarded products, empty containers, packing, surplus, unloading spillages and fugitives.  The plant will produce very less amount of scrap material. All these will however be stored carefully on raised platform, with dwarf toe-walls all around and an overhead roof. The contents will not be stored in the factory for more than a fortnight.

2.11.3. Noise Pollution Control Measures The main noise generating sources in the plant will be from Boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater and D.G. set, process plant, vehicular transportation & other machineries. All these sources will generate continuous noise. However, the noise transmitted outside the plant boundary will be low because most of the noise generating equipment’s will be in closed structures provided with acoustic enclosure. Ear muff, ear plug will be provided to all workers working at noisy area. Additionally, extensive oiling, lubrication, periodic monitoring and regular maintenance will be carried out for the machineries and equipment’s to reduce noise generation. Adequate greenbelt (36 %) will be developed within premises and around the periphery to prevent the noise pollution. By taking measures as mentioned, it is anticipated that noise levels in the plant will be maintained below the permissible limit.

2.12. Rain Water Harvesting A rainwater harvesting system comprises of various stages- transporting rainwater through pipes or drains, filtration and storage in tanks for reuse. It is proposed to collect rainwater from roof top of building in a tank. It is proposed to use this water for industrial purpose. Four no. of RWH Tank with capacity- 25 Cum each.

At the peak rainfall of 772 mm it is expected to generate runoff of 9076.54 m3. It is proposed to provide storm water drainage of 0.5 m wide and 1 m depth along North boundaries of the plot. Connected to MIDC Storm drain.

2.13. Green Belt Development Total land area is 20,000 m2. The unit will develop greenbelt in area of 6600.42 m2. Overall greenbelt area will be tuned around 33% of the total area of the project. As per the guidelines 2500 trees per hector of land should br planted and the industry has exiting 65 nos. of trees and proposes 1585 nos. of trees will be planted over the plot premises. The selection of trees is based upon the climatologically conditions of the Study area and as per CPCB guidelines. The species for plantation have been selected on the basis of soil quality, place of plantation, chance of survival, growth of plant etc.

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2.14. Occupational Health and Safety The company is concerned with the Environment, Health and Safety protection. The company will formulate and develop an ‘Occupational Health & Safety Policy’ to ensure good health and safety of its employees. Following key safety measures shall be a part of the Health & Safety policy of the company & shall be followed after the project implementation:

 PPE will be provided to cover occupational injury to foot, head, hearing, and eye.  Evacuation routes will be planned such that alternate route is available from any corner in more than one direction  Extra precautions will be taken in loading/ unloading of flammable/toxic chemicals.  Ensuring that operators/workers etc. follows the SOPs, Safety procedures & standards, work permit system etc.  Make sure existing fire extinguishers are fully charged and ready for action.  Inspection of Storage Area, Earthing & Bonding system.  Inspections of plant, machinery, tools, equipment, premises, work practices, processes, procedures and general environment must be carried out for the health and safety of plant, people and surrounding.  On-site and Offsite Emergency Plans shall be reviewed and updated, as per the requirement  Fire Extinguishers shall be provided and Fire Hydrant System shall be installed.  Mock drills shall be periodically conducted and factors like response time shall be evaluated.  First Aid Facility and training shall be provided.  Health check-ups shall be organized at regular intervals.  Safety/Health records and MSDS shall be maintained

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3. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1. General To assess environmental impacts from proposed project at a specific location, it is essential to monitor the existing environmental quality prevailing in the surrounding area prior to implementation of the project. The environmental status within the impact zone could be used for identification of significant environmental issues to be addressed in the impact assessment study. Baseline data generation forms a part of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study and helps to evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes in the study area by using scientifically developed and widely accepted impact assessment methodologies. This section contains the description of baseline studies of 10 km radius surrounding the project site. The baseline study was carried out to understand following environmental parameters.

. Land Environment . Meteorology . Air Environment . Water Environment . Soil Environment . Noise Environment . Biological Environment . Socio-economic Environment The data collected has been used to understand the existing environment scenario around the project site against which the potential impacts of the proposed project can be assessed.

3.2. Study Area The unit is located at Plot No. D-10, MIDC Paithan, Taluka: Paithan, Dist. Aurangabad, Maharashtra. Pin code: 431107. An area of 10 km radius from the boundary of the project site is considered as study area for the EIA study as per the TOR issued by MoEF&CC.

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Table 3-1 Environmental settling of study area Sr. particulars Details No. Nature & Size of the A. List of the products is mentioned in Table no.1.1 Project Category of the As per EIA Notification dated 14th Sep., 2006 as amended from time to B. Project time; the project falls in Category ‘A’, Project or Activity -5(f). Location Details Village Paithan Tehsil Paithan District Aurangabad C. State Maharashtra Latitude 19°32'55.80"N Longitude 75°23'9.20"E Mean sea level 440 m Area Details Total Project Area Total Plot Area = 20000.00 Sq. M. D. and Green belt Green Belt 33% Of Plot Area = 6600.42 Sq. M. development area Parking Area 10.0 % Of Plot Area = 2000.00 Sq. M. E. Environmental Setting Details (with approximate aerial distance & direction from plant site) 1. Nearest Village Mudhalwadi- 1.42 km Nearest town and 2. Aurangabad- 36.97 km City Nearest National 3. Highway / State State highway Aurangabad to Paithan- 0.5 km Highway Nearest Railway 4. Aurangabad – 35.46 km station 5. Nearest Airport Aurangabad Airport – 36 km National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Project falls within 5 km radius of Protected area of Jaikwadi Bird Biosphere Sanctuary, which is notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 Reserves, Tiger/ of 1972). Subsequently this area has been declared as Eco-Sensitive Zone 6. Elephant by MoEF&CC {As per Gazette Notification 2202 E, Dated 12th July Reserves, Wildlife 2017}. The distance of project from boundary of Jaikwadi Bird Sanctuary Corridors is 4.46 Km in South West Direction. etc. within 10 km radius Reserved Forests 7. (RF)/Protected No Forests (PF) Water Body (within 8. 10 km No. radius) 9. Seismic Zone Seismic Zone - III as per IS: 1893 (Part-I): 2002

3.3. Study Period Baseline environmental quality represents the background scenario of various environmental components. As part of EIA study, baseline environmental monitoring was done over a radial distance of 10 km around the project site during the period of the period of baseline study is from December 2020 to February 2021.

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3.4. Source of Environmental Data Generation Baseline information on micrometeorology, ambient air quality, water quality, noise level, soil quality and ecology (flora-fauna) are generated by J.V. Analytical Services, Pune. Apart from these, secondary data have been collected from census book, revenue records, soil survey and forest department, meteorological department etc. The generation of primary as well as collection of secondary data & information from the site and surrounding was carried out during theperiod of December, 2020 to February, 2021.

3.5. Methodology SOPL survey at project site and surrounding area was conducted and environmental samples collected were analyzed for relevant parameters to arrive at the baseline environmental setting. Data from secondary sources was also used to define environmental conditions. A study area of 10 km radius has been considered as per the guidelines issued by the EAC for the collection of baseline data. The sampling locations were decided by respective FAE’s in consultation with EC and secondary data was procured from various agencies. The baseline monitoring for ambient air quality, water quality, soil quality and noise levels has been carried out by J.V. Analytical Services, Pune recognized by MoEFCC, GOI, New Delhi, and ISO 9001:2008, OHSAS 18001: 2007 NABL Certified Company. NABL Certificate No.TC-7323, dtd. 24/11/2020 and MoEF&CC Laboratory Certificate No. F. No. Q-150-15018/7/2014-CPW. Details are enclosed as Annexure II

To assess the Air environment in the study area, monitoring of the Air quality was done by setting up reconnaissance. The samples were collected by installation of Respirable Dust Sampler (RDS) (with gaseous attachment & FPS facility) at different locations for monitoring of primary air pollutants to work out the existing status of air quality.

 Ground water samples & surface water samples were analyzed for the parameters necessary to determine water quality (based on IS: 10500-2012 criteria) and those which are relevant from the point of view of environmental impacts of the project site.  Soil samples were collected using an Auger and analyzed for relevant physico-chemical characteristics in order to assess the impact on soil.  The noise level monitoring was done at various locations at different intervals of time with the help of sound level meter.  Socio-economic data was collected from field studies and secondary sources like Census of India 2011, Revenue record, etc.

3.5.1. Land Use of Study Area The land-use & land cover map of the 10 km radial study area from the periphery of project site has been prepared using Resource SAT-2 (IRS-P6), sensor-LISS-4 having 5.8 m spatial resolution and date of pass 30TH Dec 2020 satellite image with reference to Google Earth data and the IRS-P5- Cartosat-I data having 2.5 m spatial resolution and date of pass March 2016. In order to strengthen the baseline information on existing land use pattern, the following data covering approx. the proposed project site as well as the 10 km radius from the periphery of the project site i.e. 19° 38' 23.25"N to 19° 27' 27.21"N latitude and 75° 17' 22.61"E to 75° 28' 57.73"E longitude and elevation 358 to 453 meter are observed. The project is located in Survey of India topo sheet no 47M/6 while 10 km radius study area covers two toposheets as 47M/6 and 47M/7.

The digital image processing was performed on ERDAS Imagine 2014 and QGIS 2.2 software system on high- configured computer. This software package is a collection of image processing functions necessary for pre- processing, rectification, band combination, filtering, statistics, classification, etc. Apart from contrast

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Table 3-2 details of the used satellite details Satellite/ Image Sensor Spatial resolution Date of Acquisition Resource SAT-2 LISS-4 5.8 m 30TH Dec 2020 IRS-P-5 Cartosat-1 2.5 m March 2016

3.5.2. Land Environment Since, a major part of 10km study area comprises of Water body, Agricultural Area and Open scrub thus study on land environment of ecosystem play an imperative role in identifying susceptible issues and taking appropriate action to uphold ecological equilibrium in the region. The main objective of this section is to provide a baseline status of the study area covering 10 km radius around the project site so that temporal changes due to the industrial activities on the surroundings can be assessed in future.

3.5.3. Methodology The land use pattern of the study area was studied by analysing the available secondary data published in the District Primary Census abstract of the year 2001 & 2011.

Salient features of the adopted methodology are given below:

1. Acquisition of satellite data 2. Preparation of base map from Survey of India topo sheets 3. Data analysis using visual interpretation techniques 4. Ground truth studies or field checks using GPS 5. Finalization of the map 6. Digitization using head up vectorisation method 7. Topology construction in GIS 8. Area calculation for statistics generation 9. Masking Four spectral bands provide high degree of measurability through band combination including FCC generation, bands rationing, classification etc. These features of the IRS data are particularity important for better comprehension and delineation of the land use classes. Hence, LISS-4data and IRS-P5 – Cartosat-I data having 2.5 m spatial resolution having pan chromatic imagery has been used for land use mapping.

The satellite data from the compact disc is loaded on the hard disk and by studying quick look (the sampled image of the appropriate area ;) the sub-scene of the study area is extracted. Supervised classification using all the spectral bands can separate fairly accurately, the different land use classes at level II on the basis of the spectral responses, which involve the following three steps:

Acquisition of ground truth

Calculation of the statistics of training area

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The training areas for classification were homogeneous, well spread throughout the scene with bordering pixels excluded in processing. Several training sets have been used through the scene for similar land use classes. After evaluating the statistical parameters of training sets, the training areas were rectified by deleting no congruous training sets and creating new ones.

3.5.4. Pre-Field Interpretation Of Satellite Data The False Color Composite (FCC) of LISS-4 satellite imagery having 5.8 m spatial resolution satellite data at 1: 50,000 scales were used for pre-field interpretation work. Taking the help of topo sheets, geology, geo- morphology and by using the image elements, the features were identified and delineated the boundaries roughly. Each feature was identified on image by their image elements like tone, texture, color, shape, size, pattern and association. A tentative legend in terms of land cover and land use was formulated. The sample area for field check is selected covering all the physiographic, land use/land cover feature cum image characteristics. Figure 3.1 shows the FCC of 10 KM radius of LISS-4Imagery.

False Colour Composite (FCC): It is an artificially generated colour image in which blue, green and red colours are assigned to the wavelength regions to which they do not belong in nature. For example, in standard a False Colour Composite blue is assigned to green radiations (0.5 to 0.6 μm), green is assigned to red radiations (0.6 to 0.7 μm and red is assigned to Near Infrared radiation (0.7 to 0.8 μm).

Figure 3-1 FCC of the 10 km radius with project location 3.6. Topography The physical setting of study area shows a contrast of immense dimensions and reveals a variety of landscapes influenced by climate, vegetation and economic use by man. Regionally, there is relatively less variation with respect to relief features. The area shows a variation of approximately 20m-30m from North East to South

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West and approximately 30-50 m from North West to South East. The Surface elevation map of the study area is shown in Figure 3.2 and Figure 3.3The Elevation from 358 m to 453m MSL are observed in the study area.

Figure 3-2 Elevation Profile of NW-SE Direction with in 10 km Radius

Figure 3-3 Elevation Profile of NE-SW Direction with in 10 km Radius

Figure 3-4Digital Elevation Model with in 10 km Radius

3.6.1. Land Use/Land Cover Classification Total three major land use/land cover classes were demarcated in the study area following Level I classification furthermore a level II classification also adopted as per the requirement of MoEF & CC in which total 10 classifications has been classified in the study area. A thematic map of 1:50,000 scale was generated incorporating these classified categories considering the area of the project

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3.6.2. Core Land Use The core land use Table 3.3 i.e. 1km radius from project site Land Use/Land Cover shown in Figure 3.5is prepared separately. Of the 6 LU/LC classes as per NRSA-TR-LU & CD-01-90 Only 4 LU/LC classes are present within 1Km radius core zone as Built-up land is 1.41 Km2: 44.90%, waste land i.e. open scrub comprises of 0.66 Km2: 21.02% and agriculture land 1.07 Km2:34.08%. The area of the fourth class “Water body” was found to be 0.001 Km2 (hence taken as ‘zero). The land use distribution is also depicted in Pie Diagram Figure 3.6.

Table 3-3 LU/LC within 1 km radius Area Percentage Level – I Level – II Level –III (Km2) (%) 1.1.1 Urban (towns & 1. Built – up land 1.1 Built – up land 1.41 44.90 cities) 1.1 Crop land 2. Agricultural land 2.1.1 Irrigated crop land 1.07 34.08 Double Cropped 3.1 Land with or without scrub 3. Wastelands 3.1.1 Open Scrub 0.66 21.02 & Barren Land 4.1 River/stream 4.1.1River/stream 4. Water bodies 4.2.1 Lake ͌ 0 0 4.2 Lake /reservoir/tank/ canal /reservoir/tank/ canal Total Area 3.14 100

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Figure 3-5LU/LC Details of 1 KM Radius

AREA OF LU/LC CLASS PRESENT WITHIN 1 KM

1.07, 34% 1.41, 45%

0.65, 21%

Builtup Open scrub Agriculture

Figure 3-6 Pie Chart of The Lu/Lc Classification Within 1 Km Radius The 6 LU/LC classes as per NRSA-TR-LU & CD-01-90 the 10 Km radius study area has presence of mainly 4 LU/LC classes are shown in table and fig. The categories of general land use may vary from user to user. Table No. 3.4represents six categories of land use and total area under it. The land use classes are ranging from 314 (Km2). The presence of different land use is shown in Figure 3.7of the pie chart distribution.

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Table 3-4LU/LC and its Coverage Within 10 KM Radius Area Percentage Level – I Level – II Level –III (Km2) (%) 1.1.1 Urban (towns & 1. Built – up land 1.1 Built – up land 34.78 11.08 cities) 1.1 Crop land 2. Agricultural land 2.1.1 Irrigated crop land 134.12 42.71 Double Cropped 3.1 Land with or without 3. Wastelands 3.1.1 Open Scrub 72.51 23.09 scrub 4.1 River/stream 4.1.1River/stream 4. Water bodies 4.2 Lake /reservoir/tank/ 4.2.1 Lake 72.58 23.12 canal /reservoir/tank/ canal 5. Forest - - 0 0 6. Other - - 0 0 Total Area 314 100

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Figure 3-7LU/LC Details of 10 KM Radius

AREA OF LU/LC CLASS PRESENT WITHIN 10 KM

34.78, 11%

134.12, 43% 72.51, 23%

72.58, 23%

Builtup Open scrub Water Agriculture

Figure 3-8Pie Chart of the Lu/Lc Classification Within 10 KM Radius Conclusion – 1. Agriculture land the highest category of land use covering as much as 42.71 % (134.12 Km2) of the total area. 2. Water body is 23.12% (72.58Km2) followed by waste lands i.e. Open Scrub 23.09% (72.51 Km2). 3. The Built up land which is 11.08 % (34.78 Km2) of the area. 4. There are no regions which are classified under Forests and Others. 5. It is also observed that the study area is well connected to Paithan road which is passing within the 10 km radius of the study area.

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Drainage Map:

Drainage layer, which was generated after scanning the thematic manuscripts, was edited for line the errors. Two different layers were made separately for line drainage. Drainage order was given to all the drain lines in the layer ‘s. Strahler method of ordering was used for giving order to drainage. Whenever two drains of any order joined the order of next drain was increase by one.

Figure 3-9Drainage Pattern Present in the Study Area Within 10 Km Radius 3.7. Meteorology Meteorology is the key to understand the air quality. Wind fluctuations over a very wide range of time, accomplish dispersion and strongly influence other processes associated with them. The micrometeorological conditions at the project site will be regulating the transport and diffusion of air pollutants released into the atmosphere.

3.7.1. Site specific micro-meteorological data The data on surface meteorological parameters in the study area were collected from December, 2020 to February, 2021, by setting up portable weather monitoring station placed at project site. The sensor of the equipment was kept at sufficient height (about 10 m) from groundlevel with free exposure to the atmosphere. The monitoring methodology is given in Table 3.3 & data collected are presented in Table 3.4. The following parameters were recorded at hourly intervals during monitoring period:

 Wind speed & Wind direction  Temperature  Relative humidity  Rainfall

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Frequency of Sampling

 Details of frequency of environmental sampling considered for the study are illustrated in Table 3.5. Table 3-5Frequency of Environmental Monitoring Sampling Sampling Attributes Attributes Locations Locations A. Air Environment Hourly data for the Micro- Temperature, Relative period 10th November meteorological Nr. Project Site Humidity, Precipitation Wind 2019 to 10th January Data direction, Wind Speed 2020 8 numbers of locations in PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, 24-hour basis, twice a Ambient Air the study area of 10 km CO, H2S, HCl, HBr, Cl2 week during study Quality radius. NH3and Total VOC period B. Noise 8 numbers of locations in Ambient Noise the study area of 10 km Noise Levels in dB (A) Once in a study period radius. C. Water Samples from 7 numbers Physical, Chemical, of locations within 10 km Ground Water Microbiological and Heavy Once in Study Period radius from the project Metal. site. Samples from 6 numbers Physical, Chemical, of locations within 10 km Surface Water Microbiological and Heavy Once in Study Period. radius from the project Metal. site. D. Soil Quality Samples from 4 numbers of locations within 10 km Physical, Chemical Soil Quality Once in Study Period. radius from the project Characteristics, Soil Texture. site.

3.7.2. Windrose – Wind rose is the diagrammatic representation of wind speed in a specified direction with its arms representing sixteen directions, each arms give a clear frequency distribution of wind speed in a particular direction for a given period of time. It is one of the most important meteorological

Parameters and governs dispersion, diffusion & transportation of pollutants. The % frequencies of wind in 16 directions have been computed from the recorded data during the study period for 24-hourly intervals to plot wind rose. The predominant wind directions –NNE, NE, ENE, E; implying that winds come from these directions for most of the time during the period.

Wind rose diagram is shown as Figure 3.10.

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Figure 3-10 Meteorological Data for the Monitoring Period (December, 2020 to February, 2021)

3.8. Ambient Air Quality

3.8.1. Introduction To quantify the impact of the proposed project on the ambient air quality, it is necessary to evaluate the existing ambient air quality of the area. The ambient air quality monitoring with respect to the study area of 10 km radius around the project site was done for the baseline information.

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3.8.2. Selection of Sampling Locations Following points were considered during the selection of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring locations. Topography/terrain of the study area

 Regional synoptic scale climatologically norms,  Densely populated areas within the region,  Location of surrounding Industries,  Representation of regional background,  Facility for Ambient Air Monitoring,  Representation of valid cross – sectional distribution in downwind direction,  Avoidance of proximity of roads, construction activity or any other perturbing activity which may be temporary in nature, which may lead to some erroneous conclusions.  Availability of manpower, electricity, approach, sturdy structure and protection of samplers.  Dominant Wind Direction.

3.8.3. Reconnaissance To establish the baseline status around the project site of the study region, monitoring was conducted for 8 numbers of locations during December 2020 to February 2021. At the time of location selection previous micrometeorological data was referred and general wind pattern in the study region was considered for the selection of minimum one location in the downwind direction and one upwind direction. However, ambient air monitoring locations were selected in all the directions looking towards the possibility of change in wind pattern during the study period. Ambient Air Quality monitoring locations are presented in Table 3.7and Figure No. 3.11.

3.8.4. Parameters, Frequency and monitoring Methodology Ambient Air quality monitoring-

The existing ambient air quality, in terms of Particulate Matter-10 (PM10), Particulate Matter-2.5 (PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydro Carbon & Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) has been measured. It was ensured that, the equipment was placed at open space free from any obstacles at a height of at least 3 to 4 m above the ground level at each monitoring station to avoid the effects of wind-blown ground dust.

Monitoring has been carried out as per the latest CPCB & MoEF&CC guidelines and notifications. Details of methodology are given below.

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Table 3-6Monitoring Methodology of Meteorological Data Methods Attributes Sampling/Preservation Analysis/data analysis A. Air Environment Data collected on hourly basis using Micro-meteorological wind monitor as per CPCB Guideline. IS 8829 Data as per IS 8829 Ambient air quality As per IS: 5182, CPCB & AWMA. IS:5182, CPCB & AWMA B. Noise Survey carried out as per CPCB Ambient Noise Instrument: Sound level meter guideline. C. Water Ground Water, Standard Methods for Examination of IS 3025 & Standard Methods for Surface Water and Water and Wastewater, 23rd edition, Examination of Water and Wastewater, Marine Water APHA 2017 23rd edition, APHA 2017 C. Soil Quality IS 2720, Laboratory developed Method IS 2720, Soil Testing in India as per NABL requirement and Book - Soil Quality (Department of Agriculture & Soil Testing in India (Department of Cooperation). Agriculture & Cooperation).

The duration of sampling of PM 2.5, PM10, SO2 & NOx was 24-hourly continuous sampling per day and CO, HC & VOCs were sampled for 8-hours duration. The monitoring was done for twice a week for three months. Parameters and frequency of sampling is given in Table 3.6.

Table 3-7Monitored Parameters and Frequency of Sampling

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Table 3-8Monitoring locations Distance from project site in Code Location name Latitude Longitude Km A1 Project site 0 Km 19°32'55.55"N 75°23'8.80"E A2 Near Yashwant Nagar 0.93 Km 19°32'51.49"N 75°22'40.52"E A3 Near Pimpalwadi 1.94 Km 19°31'52.66"N 75°22'47.72"E A4 Near Wahegaon 2.10 Km 19°33'36.31"N 75°23'49.52"E A5 Near Iswardi 2.03 Km 19°33'51.99"N 75°22'31.04"E A6 Near Pachalgaon 3.43 Km 19°33'19.69"N 75°25'29.00"E Near Jaikwadi Irrigation A7 3.15 Km 19°31'20.61"N 75°22'42.74"E Colony A8 Near Amrapur Waghundi 9.26 Km 19°33'32.29"N 75°17'51.45"E

Figure 3-11 Monitoring Locations for AAQM and Noise

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Table 3-9Monitoring Results and observations Station Name of the Concentration Parameter code location Minimum Maximum Average 98% percentile A1 Project site 50.2 58.6 53.83 52.76 Near Yashwant A2 40.4 48.2 42.23 41.38 Particulate Nagar Matter (size A3 Near Pimpalwadi 41.6 49.4 45.14 44.24 less than A4 Near Wahegaon 41.4 49.3 44.55 43.65 10µm) or A5 Near Iswardi 40.8 47.3 44.54 43.65 (PM10,), A6 Near Pachalgaon 40.5 48.5 44.10 43.22 µg/m3 [100] * Near Jaikwadi A7 40.3 49.8 44.65 43.76 24 Hours Irrigation Colony Near Amrapur A8 42.4 48.6 44.91 44.01 Waghundi A1 Project site 13.7 19.4 16.12 15.79 Near Yashwant A2 12.1 18.8 16.94 16.60 Particulate Nagar Matter (size A3 Near Pimpalwadi 14.8 23.8 17.70 17.34 less than A4 Near Wahegaon 12.2 19.6 16.06 15.74 2.5µm) or A5 Near Iswardi 14.3 19.5 17.19 16.84 (PM2.5), A6 Near Pachalgaon 13.8 22.3 17.38 17.03 µg/m3 [60]* Near Jaikwadi A7 12.6 21.5 17.05 16.70 24 Hours Irrigation Colony Near Amrapur A8 13.8 25.4 18.08 17.71 Waghundi A1 Project site 13.9 17.3 15.70 15.39 Near Yashwant A2 13.0 16.8 14.71 14.42 Nagar A3 Near Pimpalwadi 14.1 17.6 15.54 15.23 Sulphur A4 Near Wahegaon 13.1 17.7 15.76 15.45 Dioxide (SO2), A5 Near Iswardi 14.4 17.5 15.95 15.63 µg/m3 [80]* A6 Near Pachalgaon 13.4 18.5 16.19 15.87 24 Hours Near Jaikwadi A7 13.5 18.1 15.63 15.32 Irrigation Colony Near Amrapur A8 14.7 17.8 16.28 15.96 Waghundi A1 Project site 20.5 26.2 23.72 23.24 Near Yashwant A2 17.6 24.3 21.38 20.96 Nagar A3 Near Pimpalwadi 13.8 27.8 23.66 23.19 Nitrogen A4 Near Wahegaon 17.8 25.7 22.08 21.64 Oxide (NOx), A5 Near Iswardi 20.9 28.3 23.19 22.72 µg/m3 [80]* A6 Near Pachalgaon 18.4 26.4 23.95 23.48 24 Hours Near Jaikwadi A7 20.3 28.6 24.12 23.63 Irrigation Colony Near Amrapur A8 20.4 25.7 23.95 23.47 Waghundi Carbon A1 Project site 0.12 0.43 0.24 0.23 monoxide Near Yashwant A2 0.1 0.32 0.17 0.17 (CO), mg/m3 Nagar [80]* 8 Hours A3 Near Pimpalwadi 0.12 0.4 0.23 0.23

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A4 Near Wahegaon 0.11 0.41 0.22 0.22 A5 Near Iswardi 0.13 0.43 0.24 0.24 A6 Near Pachalgaon 0.13 0.43 0.25 0.24 Near Jaikwadi A7 0.14 0.45 0.27 0.26 Irrigation Colony Near Amrapur A8 0.14 0.44 0.25 0.25 Waghundi Hydrocarbon (HC), µg/m3, All results are BDL 24 Hours VOC µg/m3, All results are BDL 24 Hours

3.8.5. Interpretation of result Particulate Matter (PM2.5) - The average PM2.5concentration at all locations ranged between 25.4-12.1 μg/m3. The PM2.5 concentrations for all locations were observed within stipulated standards for NAAQS (24 hourly PM2.5 = 60 μg/m3).

Particulate Matter (PM10) - The average PM10 concentrations at all locations varied in the range of 58.6 g/m3 – 40.3 μg/m3. The highest concentration i.e. 58.6 μg/m3 is noticed at project site which is attributed to windblown dust, vehicular movements etc. The PM10 concentrations for all locations were observed to be below stipulated standards for NAAQS (24 hourly PM10 = 100 μg/m3)

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) & Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)- The average SO2 concentrations at all locations were found 18.5 μg/m3-13.0 μg/m3 and the average concentration of NOx ranged between 28.3 μg/m3 -13.8 μg/m3.

The levels of gaseous pollutants were below the stipulated CPCB standards (24 hourly SO2 is 80μg/m3 and for NOx is 80μg/m3).

Carbon Monoxide (CO) - The average CO concentrations at all locations were found 0.45 – 0.1 mg/m3.

In general, the ambient air quality is satisfactory with respect to all major pollutants. The 98th percentile values of all pollutants were found to be below NAAQS. The other parameters such as Ammonia (NH3), Benzene, Benzo-α-Pyrene (BAP), Ozone (O3), Lead (Pb) and Nickel (Ni) were found be to below respective detection limits.

Hydrocarbon and VoC- All values of Hydrocarbon and VoC’s are within limit.

Conclusion: The ambient air quality in the study area & at project site is well within prescribed.

3.8.6. Noise Environment Ambient noise level is the background sound pressure level at a given location. Examples of background noise levels in environment are because of waves, traffic, alarms, people talking, bio acoustic noise form animals or birds and mechanical noise from devices such as refrigerators or air conditioning, power supplies or motors etc. and also vehicular traffic. The objective of monitoring background noise levels in study area is to establish baseline noise level to identify impact due to proposed activity. Locations selected for Noise Sampling are presented in Table No. 3.10.

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Table 3-10The Noise Level in study area Near Near Jaikwa Near Near Near Near Near Project Yashw di Location Pimpalw Waheg Iswa Pachalg AmrapurWag site ant Irrigat adi aon rdi aon hundi Nagar ion Colony Time N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 6.00 54.2 44.1 42.2 47.9 45.7 44.5 45.3 43.8 7.00 56.6 46.3 44.3 46.3 46.7 44.5 49.2 44.7 8.00 56.7 53.1 48.7 48.6 48.7 44.2 52.3 46.2 9.00 62.8 53.6 51.1 57.8 54.6 54.1 52.6 50.8 10.00 63.7 52.7 50.8 53.2 54.1 53.6 51.1 52.6 11.00 64.5 51.5 52.6 52.6 52.3 54.0 53.0 51.4 12.00 63.4 50.3 51.4 52.1 50.9 52.4 51.3 50.2 13.00 61.0 51.6 50.1 52.8 51.6 53.6 50.6 52.1 14.00 61.3 51.2 52.5 53.1 50.5 52.8 51.3 52.8 15.00 62.4 50.1 51.2 52.9 52.7 52.1 50.0 51.3 16.00 60.5 54.6 52.6 54.7 52.2 53.8 53.3 50.1 17.00 58.2 53.3 50.2 53.4 51.0 54.3 54.2 51.6 18.00 57.9 53.1 47.1 53.3 51.2 52.4 53.1 50.1 19.00 55.1 51.3 46.6 51.1 52.4 51.2 54.6 52.7 20.00 55.6 50.2 46.9 45.7 49.1 46.8 53.7 44.1 21.00 54.6 47.9 45.8 43.4 46.5 45.6 51.4 43.8 22.00 53.8 45.2 44.9 42.1 50.2 43.1 48.0 41.1 Avg.-day 58.95 50.59 48.76 50.64 50.61 50.17 51.47 48.78 (dB(A)) 23.00 53.4 44.3 42.4 43.4 42.5 43.4 42.4 42.4 24.00 51.3 42.3 42.3 42.3 41.5 40.6 40.5 40.4 1.00 52.4 41.5 43.4 41.2 41.3 41.1 42.3 40.2 2.00 51.3 40.5 41.5 45.1 42.1 42.4 40.4 41.1 3.00 49.6 41.6 40.2 42.4 40.4 40.1 41.1 40.4 4.00 50.5 41.2 40.1 42.5 40.5 40.4 40.4 41.2 5.00 53.4 43.6 40.7 40.7 41.3 41.2 42.3 41.1 Avg.-Night 51.70 42.14 41.51 42.51 41.37 41.31 41.34 40.97 (dB(A)) Observations: The noise quality was monitored at eight (8) locations in the study area during the study period. The day time noise level at the project premises was observed to be 58.95 dB (A) Leq while during night time the noise level was recorded to be 51.70 dB (A) Leq. It should be noted that the noise levels during the day time as well as night time were observed to be within the prescribed standards by Central Pollution Control Board. Conclusion: The baseline monitoring of noise levels shows that, there is no disturbance due to noise in study area.

3.9. Hydrogeology The Godavari is the second largest basin and accounts for nearly 9.5% of the total geographical area of the country. It extends over states of Maharashtra (48.7%), Andhra Pradesh (23.7%), Chhattisgarh (12.4%) and Odisha (5.7%) in addition to smaller parts in Madhya Pradesh (7.8%), Karnataka (1.4%) and Union territory of Puducherry (0.01%).

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The basin area extends over an area of 302065.10 Sq. km, with a maximum length and width of about 995 km and 583 km, respectively. The Central Water Commission {CWC} reported area of the basin is 312812.0 Sq. km. The basin falls in the Deccan Plateau lying between 73°24’ to 83°4’ east longitudes and 16°19’ to 22°34’ north latitudes. The basin is bounded on the north by the Mahadeo Hills, the Satmala Hills, on the north-west by the Ajanta Range, on the west by the North Sahyadri range of the Western Ghats, on the east and south- east by the Eastern Ghats and on the south by the Balaghat Range. The interior part of the basin lies in Maharashtra Plateau, the greater part of which is at an elevation of 300-600 m sloping eastward. The eastern part of the basin is majorly covered by the Dandakaranya Range with the Eastern Ghats forming the eastern boundary of the peninsula.

The core components of the water network include the river Godavari, the largest of the peninsular river and its principal tributaries finally draining into the Bay of Bengal. The river Godavari rises at an elevation of 1067 m in the Western Ghats near the Triambak hills in the Nasik district of Maharashtra.

The Godavari receives the waters from the Darna, the Pravara and the Manjra on its right bank whereas from the Kadwa, the Purna, the Kaddam, the Pranhita, the Indravati and the Sabari on its left bank. The Godavari basin receives major part of its rainfall during the south-west monsoon season. The delta of the Godavari is gradually extending into the sea and consists of a wide belt of river borne alluvium. The salient features for the basin are;

Page 127 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Secondary Data Source: India-WRIS: Title –Godavari Basin

{http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Godavari#About_Godavari_Basin}

Page 128 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

3.10. Hydrogeology of District The basaltic aquifers are regarded as anisotropic because of variability in type morphology and geohydrology of flows; the presence of dykes, lava tubes and the unpredictable patterns of vascularity weathering and jointing with respect to their extent and thickness, as also to the frequency and inter-connections of joints. A wide variation in aquifer parameters such as storativity, specific gravity, transmissivity and specific yield of the well can be attributed to such anisotropism.

The Aurangabad district area is included in Deccan Trap ground province comprising of hard rock formations. Massive Trap does not possess any granular primary porosity hard compact nature have low primary porosity, generally unproductive. However, the secondary porosity is developed due to weathering, jointing and fracturing. The groundwater occurs in secondary porosity and the joints and fracture provided channels for the groundwater movement and spaces for storages.

Ground Water Scenario:

The major part (95%) of the district constitutes a sequence of basaltic lava flows (Deccan Trap) while alluvium occupies a small portion. There are two distinct hydrogeological units in the district i.e. fissured formations (different units of basaltic lava flows) and porous formations (isolated patches of alluvial deposits). The occurrence and movement of ground water is controlled by variation in water bearing properties of these formations.

Hard Rock Areas: Deccan Trap Basalt

Deccan traps are a thick pile of basaltic flows, horizontally disposed and apparently more or less uniform in composition. Each individual flow is a typical section, which varies from porous weathered base to a massive middle unit, becoming increasingly vesicular towards the top. The ground water occurs under water table and semi confined to confined conditions in Deccan Trap Basalt. The vesicular units in different trappean flows range in thickness from 2-8 meters and have primary porosity. However, the nature and density of the vesicles, their distribution, interconnection between the vesicles, depth of weathering and topography of the area are the decisive factor for occurrence and movement of ground water in these units. Since the zeolitic units in vesicular traps are highly susceptible to weathering, the vesicular units comprising weathered zeolitic traps occurring in topographic lows are the main water bearing formation in hard rock terrain of the district.

In massive unit of Deccan Trap Basalt, ground water occurs in soil cum weathered mantle, joints, cracks and other weaker zones. The upper portion of the massive traps show persistent spheroidal weathering and exfoliation which helps in retaining more ground water in these rocks in comparison to compact massive unit. The storage of ground water in compact massive unit totally depends upon the presence of joints and their nature, distribution and interconnection. The average depth range of dug wells is 12.00 m to 15.00 m and that of borewells is 50.00 to 60.00 m in hard rock areas, whereas the yield ranges from 0.60 to 3.10 lps.

Soft Rock Areas: Alluvium

The ground water in isolated alluvial pockets in the Godavari, Shivna, Purna and their tributaries occur under both water table and semi-confined conditions. The exploration of shallow alluvial area reveals that the saturated thickness of the alluvial material comprising silty clay, sand and gravel ranges from 1-7 meters. The depth to basement ranges between 16.25 to 26.45 m bgl. The aquifer horizons were encountered as coarse sand mixed with clay and silt between 15.00 and 26.00 m bgl, which constitute the potential aquifer in the area with

Page 129 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP discharge of up to 4.50 lps. The dugwells are generally down to 20 m depth and yields varying between 0.5 and 0.8 lps.

Groundwater Prospect Map:

National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), ISRO / Dept. of Space, Govt. of India prepared ground water prospects maps (technically Hydro Geo Morphological-HGM maps) on 1:50,000 scale using remote sensing and GIS technology. In the study area around 50% area having aquifer yield ranges from 100 -200 LPM with moderate depth around 30-80 M. The area covers south and south-west part of the study area. On the other area remaining part having aquifer yield range from above 800 LPM and 30 to 100 LPM with shallow to moderate depth. Figure No. 3.12 showing groundwater prospect map around 10 Km. radius study area.

3.10.1. Geology

3.10.1.1. Regional Geology: Deccan Trap: Deccan Trap basalts are heterogeneous known to be monotonously uniform volcanic rocks covering 90% part of Aurangabad District. The lava responsible for their formation issued through long narrow fissures or cracks in the earth’s crust.

The lavas spread out far and wide as nearly horizontal sheets forming piles of different types of basaltic flows. Four major types of flows constitute the Deccan Trap;

1. Compact Basalts

2. Amygdaloidal Basalt

3. Vesicular Basalt

4. Tachylitic Basalt (Red bole)

3.10.1.2. Local Geology: Aurangabad Quadrangle is bounded by latitudes 19o to 0o North, and longitudes 75o to 76o East, covering parts of Ahmednagar, Aurangabad, Beed and Jalna district of Maharashtra. Physio graphically it forms part of Upper Godavari Valley. It is drained by Godavari river flowing almost a straight ENE-WSW course, with minor meanders. The entire area is occupied by sequence of basalt flows of Deccan Trap. The flows are typical quartz normative tholeiites. Both Aa and compound Pahoehoe flows are seen. The Aa flows characterize fragmentary top. It consists of fragment of basalt of various size and shape generally angular, few centimeters to 0.5-meter size embedded in vesicular basaltic matrix. All the base of these flows are clinker pockets.

The compound Pohoehoe flows are characterized by the presence of basal zone of pipe vesicles, middle massive part and top vesicular part with spherical vesicles. This character is repeated as a sequence within one flow. They also show ropy surfaces, toe structure and squeeze ups.

Simple flows consist of lower massive part and vesicular top. Secondary minerals occur as amygdales and consist of a variety of cryptocrystalline silica, quartz and zeolites. The flows are demarcated on the basis of presence of red bole bed, vesicular tops or particular weathering pattern.

The entire basalt pile of above 800 m is classified into three formations. The total aggregate thickness of flows may far exceed this, due to pinching of flows and uneven spread of flows. A very small outcrop of megacryst

Page 130 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP flow grouped under Lower Ratangarh Formation. The Upper Ratangarh Formation is an assemblage of essentially compound Pahoehoe flows with a distinct marker flow M3 at the top. This marker flows with a distinct marker flow M3 at the top. This marker flow is megacryst basalt with about 30 m thickness. The phenocrysts of feldspar are 3 to 5 cm in length. The flows are moderately to highly porphiritic. The Upper Ratangarh Formation occupies a large portion in the study area. It has a thickness of about 360 m. overlying the Ratangarh Formation is the Indrayani Formation. Both Pahoehoe and Aa flows comprise this formation. Total numbers of flows are 5 Pahoehoe and 17 Aa in study area. {Secondary Data Source: www.gsi.gov.in}.

3.10.1.3. Seismic Zoning of India: Bureau of Indian Standards [IS-1893 – part – 1: 2002], based on various scientific inputs from a number of agencies including earthquake data supplied by IMD, has grouped the country into four seismic zones viz., Zone-II, -III, -IV and -V. Of these, zone V is rated as the most seismically prone region, while zone II is the least. The Modified Mercalli (MM) intensity, which measures the impact of the earthquakes on the surface of the earth, broadly associated with various zones, is as follows:

Table 3-11 Seismic Zoning of India Seismic Zone Intensity on MMI scale % of total area II (Low intensity zone) VI (or less) 43% III (Moderate intensity zone) VII 27% IV (Severe intensity zone) VIII 18% V (Very severe intensity zone) IX (and above) 12% {Secondary Data Source: IMD: Title- Ministry of Earth Sciences: Open Source}

The study area falls in Zone III, this is moderate intensity zone (Figure No. 3.12).

Figure 3-12Seismic zone map of India {Secondary Data Source: Wikipedia: Title Seismic Zone of India: Open Source https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake_zones_of_India}

3.11. Ground Water Sampling Ground water samples were collected from different locations within the study area and the locations are presented in Table No. 3.12.

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Table 3-12Monitoring locations for Ground water sampling Sr. Type of Distance from project site Village Name Latitude Longitude No. sample in Km 1. Wahegaon Well 2.16 Km 19°34'0.42"N 75°23'47.02"E 2. Dhangaon Well 3.80 km 19°34'53.21"N 75°22'30.73"E 3. Dhakephal Well 7.96 Km 19°34'46.45"N 75°18'14.14"E 4. Nanegaon Well 9.73 Km 19°33'36.31"N 75°23'49.52"E 5. Narayangaon Well 2.54 Km 19°32'13.51"N 75°24'26.62"E Paithan 6. Well 2.0 Km 19°32'19.95"N 75°22'53.97"E (MIDC) 7. Dhorkin Well 6.08 Km 19°36'13.19"N 75°23'13.52"E 8. Rahatgaon Well 6.29 Km 19°31'23.75"N 75°26'26.30"E

Figure 3-13 Monitoring Locations for Ground water and Surface water sampling locations within 10 Km

Page 132 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Table 3-13Ground water analysis report Location Limits as per Sr. No. Parameter Unit(s) GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 Analysis Method IS 10500:2012 Wahegaon Dhangaon Dhakephal Nanegaon IS : 3025 1. Color Hazen Clear Clear Clear Clear 5.00 (Part4):1983 IS : 3025 2. Odor -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable (Part5):1983, APHA 4500 H+, 3. pH -- 7.50 8.10 7.40 7.30 6.5-8.5 A, 23rd Ed.2017 IS 3025 (Part 14) 4. Conductivity µS/cm 1012.00 590.00 674.52 640.00 Not Specified 1984 (RA 2006) 5. TDS mg/lit 654.01 384.00 434.52 410.00 < 500.00 IS 3025 (Part 16): IS 3025 (Part 10): 6. Turbidity NTU 03.00 01.00 02.00 12.00 < 1.00 1983 IS: 3025 (Part- 7. TSS mg/lit <5.00 <5.00 <5.00 <5 Not Specified 17)-1984 IS:3025 (Part 58)- 8. COD mg/lit 10.00 <5.00 <5.00 <5.00 Not Specified 2006 . IS:3025 (Part 44)- 9. BOD mg/lit 3.00 <4.00 <4.00 <4.00 Not Specified 1993, Ammonical APHA 4500 NH 10. mg/lit 0.54 0.34 0.36 0.34 < 0.50 3 Nitrogen F APHA 4500 11. Nitrate as NO3 mg/lit 14.23 7.14 10.12 09.80 < 45.00 NO3 – B IS 3025 (Part 34) 12. Nitrite as NO mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL Not Specified 2 1988, 13. Nitrogen as N mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL Not Specified APHA-4500 Phosphorous as 14. mg/lit 3.21 2.21 2.68 2.48 Not Specified APHA 4500 P-C PO4 15. Potassium as K mg/lit 24.21 12.42 16.52 14.10 Not Specified APHA 3111 B 16. Sodium as Na mg/lit 34.52 21.54 28.70 22.40 Not Specified APHA 3111 B IS 3025 (Part 40) 17. Calcium as Ca mg/lit 84.56 44.03 54.60 51.24 < 75.00 1991 Magnesium as IS 3025 (Part 46) 18. mg/lit 35.42 12.40 16.52 15.64 < 30.00 Mg 1994 (RA 2009)

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Location Limits as per Sr. No. Parameter Unit(s) GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 Analysis Method IS 10500:2012 Wahegaon Dhangaon Dhakephal Nanegaon Total Hardness as IS 3025 (Part 21): 19. mg/lit 321.21 142.36 184.00 174.56 < 200.00 CaCO3 2009 Carbonates as 20. 2- mg/lit 74.56 56.34 64.37 61.80 Not Specified APHA 2320 CO3 Bicarbonates as 21. mg/lit 54.60 42.60 48.72 44.52 Not Specified APHA 2320 HCO3 22. Chlorides as Cl- mg/lit 236.94 48.90 78.90 72.40 < 250.00 IS 3025 (Part 32): 23. Sulphates as SO4 mg/lit 86.31 48.72 62.34 61.42 < 200.00 IS 3025 (Part-24): 24. Sulphide as H2S mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL < 0.05 APHA-4500-S2 25. Fluorides as F- mg/lit 0.23 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 < 1.00 APHA 4500-F- D 26. Iron as Fe mg/lit 0.64 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < 0.30 APHA 3111 B 27. Aluminum as Al mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.03 APHA 3111 B 28. Barium as Ba mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.70 APHA 3111 B 29. Boron as B mg/lit <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 < 0.50 APHA 3111 B 30. Copper as Cu mg/lit <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 < 0.05 APHA 3111 B 31. Selenium as Se mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.01 APHA 3111 B 32. Zinc as Zn mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <5.00 APHA 3111 B 33. Cadmium as Cd mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.003 APHA 3111 B 34. Lead as Pb mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.01 APHA 3111 B 35. Mercury as Hg mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.001 APHA 3111 B 36. Nickel as Ni mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL < 0.02 APHA 3111 B 37. Arsenic as As mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL < 0.01 APHA 3111 B 38. Chromium as Cr mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < 0.05 APHA 3111 B IS: 1622 39. Total Coli form No./100ml <2 <2 <2 <2 Absent (Rev.1,R.A : 2014) IS: 1622 40. Fecal Coli form No./100ml <2 <2 <2 <2 Absent (Rev.1,R.A : 2014)

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Location Limits as per GW6 Analysis Sr. No. Parameter Unit(s) GW5 GW7 GW8 IS Paithan Method Narayangaon Dorkingaon Rahatgaon 10500:2012 (MIDC) IS : 3025 1. Color Hazen Clear Clear Clear Clear 5.00 (Part4):1983 IS : 3025 2. Odor -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable (Part5):1983, APHA 4500 H+, 3. pH -- 7.40 8.20 7.50 7.30 6.5-8.5 A, 23rd Ed.2017 IS 3025 (Part 14) 4. Conductivity µS/cm 612.10 265.10 680.12 652.34 Not Specified 1984 (RA 2006) IS 3025 (Part 5. TDS mg/lit 398.00 166.00 442.01 424.00 < 500.00 16): IS 3025 (Part 6. Turbidity NTU 02.00 <1.00 01.00 11.00 < 1.00 10): 1983 IS: 3025 (Part- 7. TSS mg/lit <5.00 <5.00 <5.00 <5.00 Not Specified 17)-1984 IS:3025 (Part 8. COD mg/lit <5.00 <5.00 <5.00 <5.00 Not Specified 58)-2006 . IS:3025 (Part 9. BOD 3 mg/lit <4.00 <4.00 <4.00 <4.00 Not Specified 44)-1993, APHA 4500 10. Ammonical Nitrogen mg/lit 0.12 BDL 0.21 0.18 < 0.50 NH3 F APHA 4500 11. Nitrate as NO3 mg/lit 8.69 1.64 10.26 09.36 < 45.00 NO3 – B IS 3025 (Part 34) 12. Nitrite as NO mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL Not Specified 2 1988, 13. Nitrogen as N mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL Not Specified APHA-4500 14. Phosphorous as PO4 mg/lit 1.68 0.61 2.12 2.01 Not Specified APHA 4500 P-C 15. Potassium as K mg/lit 10.68 3.62 16.32 15.4 Not Specified APHA 3111 B 16. Sodium as Na mg/lit 18.92 6.80 31.28 24.62 Not Specified APHA 3111 B IS 3025 (Part 40) 17. Calcium as Ca mg/lit 41.56 24.60 54.84 52.21 < 75.00 1991 IS 3025 (Part 46) 18. Magnesium as Mg mg/lit 14.35 8.94 17.64 14.68 < 30.00 1994 (RA 2009)

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Total Hardness as IS 3025 (Part 19. mg/lit 168.00 112.00 188.00 170.14 < 200.00 CaCO3 21): 2009 2- 20. Carbonates as CO3 mg/lit 56.82 26.40 66.98 61.84 Not Specified APHA 2320 21. Bicarbonates as HCO3 mg/lit 42.13 12.60 45.48 42.69 Not Specified APHA 2320 IS 3025 (Part 22. Chlorides as Cl- mg/lit 36.10 21.40 74.69 71.23 < 250.00 32): IS 3025 (Part- 23. Sulphates as SO mg/lit 28.90 16.90 54.92 51.23 < 200.00 4 24): 24. Sulphide as H2S mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL < 0.05 APHA-4500-S2 APHA 4500-F- 25. Fluorides as F- mg/lit 0.12 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 < 1.00 D 26. Iron as Fe mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < 0.30 APHA 3111 B 27. Aluminum as Al mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.03 APHA 3111 B 28. Barium as Ba mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.70 APHA 3111 B 29. Boron as B mg/lit <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 < 0.50 APHA 3111 B 30. Copper as Cu mg/lit <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 < 0.05 APHA 3111 B 31. Selenium as Se mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.01 APHA 3111 B 32. Zinc as Zn mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <5.00 APHA 3111 B 33. Cadmium as Cd mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.003 APHA 3111 B 34. Lead as Pb mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.01 APHA 3111 B 35. Mercury as Hg mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.001 APHA 3111 B 36. Nickel as Ni mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL < 0.02 APHA 3111 B 37. Arsenic as As mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL < 0.01 APHA 3111 B 38. Chromium as Cr mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < 0.05 APHA 3111 B IS: 1622 39. Total Coli form No./100ml <2 <2 <2 <2 Absent (Rev.1,R.A : 2014) IS: 1622 40. Fecal Coli form No./100ml <2 <2 <2 <2 Absent (Rev.1,R.A : 2014)

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Observations: Ground Water samples were collected during month February 2021 for establishing baseline of water quality within the 10 km radius for parameters like physical, chemical, biological & trace metals. The sampling locations are listed in Table No. 3.5 and depicted in Figure No. 3.3. The results are presented in Annexure. Parameters for analysis of water quality were selected based on the utility of the particular source of water as per CPCB/ MoEFCC guidelines, hence quality of ground water was compared with IS:10500: 2012 for drinking purposes. Results indicate that the pH of all the ground water samples was withinthe prescribed standards. The concentration of heavy metals like zinc was below detection limit. Iron was not detected in any of the ground water samples. The hardness of all the ground water samples was found to be ranging between 112.0 mg/lit to 321.21 mg/lit. The value of hardness was within the acceptable limit at all the locations. It can be observed that the values for total dissolved solids in all the sampling locations were estimated to be under the acceptable standards for drinking water. The concentration of total dissolved solids ranged between 166.0 mg/lit to 654.01 mg/lit. The maximum concentration was observed at location Wahegaon. It should be noted that the microbiological analysis of all the samples indicate that Total coliform and e-coli was absent in all the ground water samples. Thus based on the above results it can be stated that the water from the said samples can be considered fit for consumption and potable purpose with basic primary treatment. The water can be used for domestic utilization and gardening without any treatment.

Analysis of collected samples reveals that rest of the parameters satisfy the permissible limits as per IS 10500:2012 (Annexure 3{VI}) specified for drinking water and hence the ground water is suitable for drinking, however it is suggested that the water may be disinfected by suitable method before use for potable purpose.

3.12. Surface Water Sampling Surface water sample were collected from different locations within the study area and are presented

Table 3-14 Surface water locations Sr. No. Location name Distance from project site in Km Latitude Longitude SW1 Paithan Road 8.20 Km 19°30'53.68"N 75°22'38.19"E SW2 North Jaikwadi Flyover 8.0 km 19°29'1.16"N 75°22'24.42"E SW3 Amrapur 9.18 Km 19°32'25.00"N 75°18'13.41"E SW4 wadavali 9.73 Km 19°27'36.13"N 75°25'59.26"E SW5 Godavari River 9.26 Km 19°27'58.83"N 75°24'0.16"E SW6 Paithan Left Bank Canal 3.65 Km 19°30'55.68"N 75°23'10.60"E SW7 Shivbhadra River 4.43 Km 19°34'55.33"N 75°21'43.31"E

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Table 3-15Surface water analysis report Location SW2 Limits as per SW1 Sr. No. Parameter Unit(s) North SW3 SW4 IS Analysis Method Paithan Jaikwadi Amrapur Wadvali 10500:2012 Road Village Flyover 1. Color Hazen Clear Clear Clear Clear 5.00 IS : 3025 (Part4):1983 IS : 3025 2. Odor -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable (Part5):1983, APHA 4500 H+, A, 3. pH -- 7.80 8.20 7.70 7.60 6.5-8.5 23rd Ed.2017 IS 3025 (Part 14) 4. Conductivity µS/cm 326.54 558.98 435.21 482.1 Not Specified 1984 (RA 2006) 5. TDS mg/lit 212.00 344.00 284.00 256.00 < 500.00 IS 3025 (Part 16): IS 3025 (Part 10): 6. Turbidity NTU 02.00 02.00 02.00 01.00 < 1.00 1983 IS: 3025 (Part-17)- 7. TSS mg/lit <5.00 <5.00 <5.00 <5.00 Not Specified 1984 IS:3025 (Part-38)- 8 D.O mg/lit 3.60 3.20 3.50 3.40 Not Specified 1989 IS:3025 (Part 58)- 9. COD mg/lit 12.00 16.00 14.00 07.00 Not Specified 2006 . IS:3025 (Part 44)- 10. BOD 3 mg/lit 04.00 05.0 04.00 03.00 Not Specified 1993, 11. Ammonical Nitrogen mg/lit 0.68 1.24 0.98 0.69 < 0.50 APHA 4500 NH3 F 12. Nitrate as NO3 mg/lit 14.60 16.98 12.34 8.46 < 45.00 APHA 4500 NO3 – B IS 3025 (Part 34) 13. Nitrite as NO mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL Not Specified 2 1988, 14. Nitrogen as N mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL Not Specified APHA-4500 15. Phosphorous as PO4 mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL Not Specified APHA 4500 P-C 16. Potassium as K mg/lit 14.62 18.92 15.64 15.34 Not Specified APHA 3111 B 17. Sodium as Na mg/lit 26.98 32.10 28.94 29.67 Not Specified APHA 3111 B IS 3025 (Part 40) 18. Calcium as Ca mg/lit 34.21 41.24 36.84 32.48 < 75.00 1991 IS 3025 (Part 46) 19. Magnesium as Mg mg/lit 10.65 16.98 12.54 11.84 < 30.00 1994 (RA 2009)

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Location SW2 Limits as per SW1 Sr. No. Parameter Unit(s) North SW3 SW4 IS Analysis Method Paithan Jaikwadi Amrapur Wadvali 10500:2012 Road Village Flyover Total Hardness as IS 3025 (Part 21): 20. mg/lit 98.95 136.90 112.36 1104.02 < 200.00 CaCO3 2009 2- 21. Carbonates as CO3 mg/lit 22.41 26.84 24.56 22.48 Not Specified APHA 2320 Bicarbonates as 22. mg/lit 11.00 14.65 12.28 11.98 Not Specified APHA 2320 HCO3 23. Chlorides as Cl- mg/lit 36.98 46.38 38.95 32.64 < 250.00 IS 3025 (Part 32): 24. Sulphates as SO4 mg/lit 25.64 32.54 28.46 21.45 < 200.00 IS 3025 (Part-24): 25. Sulphide as H2S mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL < 0.05 APHA-4500-S2 26. Fluorides as F- mg/lit <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 < 1.00 APHA 4500-F- D 27. Iron as Fe mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < 0.30 APHA 3111 B 28. Aluminum as Al mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.03 APHA 3111 B 29. Barium as Ba mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.70 APHA 3111 B 30. Boron as B mg/lit <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 < 0.50 APHA 3111 B 31. Copper as Cu mg/lit <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 < 0.05 APHA 3111 B 32. Selenium as Se mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.01 APHA 3111 B 33. Zinc as Zn mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <5.00 APHA 3111 B 34. Cadmium as Cd mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.003 APHA 3111 B 35. Lead as Pb mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.01 APHA 3111 B 36. Mercury as Hg mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL <0.001 APHA 3111 B 37. Nickel as Ni mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL < 0.02 APHA 3111 B 38. Arsenic as As mg/lit BDL BDL BDL BDL < 0.01 APHA 3111 B 39. Chromium as Cr mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < 0.05 APHA 3111 B IS: 1622 (Rev.1,R.A : 40. Total Coli form No./100ml 24 26 14 11 Absent 2014) IS: 1622 (Rev.1,R.A : 41. Fecal Coli form No./100ml 06 07 04 04 Absent 2014)

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Location SW5 SW6 SW7 Limits as per Sr. No. Parameter Unit(s) Analysis Method Godavari Paithan Left Bank Shivbhadra IS 10500:2012 River canal River 1. Color Hazen Clear Clear Clear 5.00 IS : 3025 (Part4):1983 2. Odor -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable IS : 3025 (Part5):1983, APHA 4500 H+, A, 23rd 3. pH -- 7.60 7.70 7.40 6.5-8.5 Ed.2017 IS 3025 (Part 14) 1984 4. Conductivity µS/cm 526.34 536.12 560.23 Not Specified (RA 2006) 5. TDS mg/lit 321.48 336.00 364.00 < 500.00 IS 3025 (Part 16): 6. Turbidity NTU 10.00 11.00 05.00 < 1.00 IS 3025 (Part 10): 1983 7. TSS mg/lit 78.00 84.00 24.00 Not Specified IS: 3025 (Part-17)-1984 8 D.O mg/lit 3.40 3.30 3.50 Not Specified IS:3025 (Part-38)-1989 9. COD mg/lit 10.00 12.00 14.00 Not Specified IS:3025 (Part 58)-2006 . 10. BOD 3 mg/lit 03.00 04.0 05.00 Not Specified IS:3025 (Part 44)-1993, 11. Ammonical Nitrogen mg/lit 0.74 1.02 0.84 < 0.50 APHA 4500 NH3 F 12. Nitrate as NO3 mg/lit 23.20 25.68 21.30 < 45.00 APHA 4500 NO3 – B 13. Nitrite as NO2 mg/lit BDL BDL BDL Not Specified IS 3025 (Part 34) 1988, 14. Nitrogen as N mg/lit BDL BDL BDL Not Specified APHA-4500 15. Phosphorous as PO4 mg/lit BDL BDL BDL Not Specified APHA 4500 P-C 16. Potassium as K mg/lit 11.36 16.90 12.63 Not Specified APHA 3111 B 17. Sodium as Na mg/lit 22.68 24.24 26.34 Not Specified APHA 3111 B 18. Calcium as Ca mg/lit 36.98 39.86 35.42 < 75.00 IS 3025 (Part 40) 1991 IS 3025 (Part 46) 1994 19. Magnesium as Mg mg/lit 12.40 14.51 12.26 < 30.00 (RA 2009) Total Hardness as 20. mg/lit 154.68 162.34 148.98 < 200.00 IS 3025 (Part 21): 2009 CaCO3 2- 21. Carbonates as CO3 mg/lit 26.98 28.94 22.48 Not Specified APHA 2320 Bicarbonates as 22. mg/lit 16.82 18.94 14.68 Not Specified APHA 2320 HCO3 23. Chlorides as Cl- mg/lit 42.16 45.6 49.63 < 250.00 IS 3025 (Part 32): 24. Sulphates as SO4 mg/lit 26.90 32.46 27.86 < 200.00 IS 3025 (Part-24): 25. Sulphide as H2S mg/lit BDL BDL BDL < 0.05 APHA-4500-S2 26. Fluorides as F- mg/lit 0.36 0.41 <0.01 < 1.00 APHA 4500-F- D 27. Iron as Fe mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < 0.30 APHA 3111 B

Page 140 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Location SW5 SW6 SW7 Limits as per Sr. No. Parameter Unit(s) Analysis Method Godavari Paithan Left Bank Shivbhadra IS 10500:2012 River canal River 28. Aluminum as Al mg/lit BDL BDL BDL <0.03 APHA 3111 B 29. Barium as Ba mg/lit BDL BDL BDL <0.70 APHA 3111 B 30. Boron as B mg/lit <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 < 0.50 APHA 3111 B 31. Copper as Cu mg/lit <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 < 0.05 APHA 3111 B 32. Selenium as Se mg/lit BDL BDL BDL <0.01 APHA 3111 B 33. Zinc as Zn mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <5.00 APHA 3111 B 34. Cadmium as Cd mg/lit BDL BDL BDL <0.003 APHA 3111 B 35. Lead as Pb mg/lit BDL BDL BDL <0.01 APHA 3111 B 36. Mercury as Hg mg/lit BDL BDL BDL <0.001 APHA 3111 B 37. Nickel as Ni mg/lit BDL BDL BDL < 0.02 APHA 3111 B 38. Arsenic as As mg/lit BDL BDL BDL < 0.01 APHA 3111 B 39. Chromium as Cr mg/lit <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < 0.05 APHA 3111 B IS: 1622 (Rev.1,R.A : 40. Total Coli form No./100ml 28 30 21 Absent 2014) IS: 1622 (Rev.1,R.A : 41. Fecal Coli form No./100ml 07 09 06 Absent 2014)

Page 141 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

The values obtained are compared with the standards prescribed for the respective designated use of the water body as categorized in the earlier part of the study. The analysis helps to concluded that the pH of all the samples was found to vary between: 7.20 – 8.20. It should be noted that the values obtained were within the desirable limit for pH as prescribed by CPCB. The total hardness was observed to be ranging between 1104.02 mg/l to 98.95 mg/lit. The maximum value of hardness was recorded at Wadawali and the minimum value was recorded at Paithan Road village. The concentration of Total Dissolved Solids was estimated in the range of 212 mg/l to 364 mg/l. The maximum concentration of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) was observed at Shivbhadra River whereas the minimum TDS concentration was observed at Paithan Road Village. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) & Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) values were calculated to be in the range of 16 mg/lit. to 7 mg/lit. & 3 mg/lit.to 5.0 mg/lit. respectively.

The presence of heavy metals like, Zinc were found out be below the detection limit for all the water samples. It should be noted that the iron content in all the samples of surface water bodies were below the detection limit. Surface runoff from agricultural fields using the fertilizers can be the major source of nitrate.

Conclusion: The comparison of surface water results with IS 2296:1992 ,shows that the designated best use of water falls under category A & B.

Page 142 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

3.13. Soil Environment The soils in the 10 km radius of study area, keeping in view the topography are covered in total 9 sampling locations [Figure No 3.14]. The soil samples were collected as per the standard procedure. The location identification within project area is given in following Table No. 3.16;

Table 3-16Soil Sampling Locations Distance from Sr. No. Location name Type of soil project site in Latitude Longitude Km S1 Project site Clay 0 Km 19°32'55.55"N 75°23'8.80"E Near Yashwant S2 Clay 0.93 Km 19°32'51.49"N 75°22'40.52"E Nagar

S3 Near Pimpalwadi Clay 1.94 Km 19°31'52.66"N 75°22'47.72"E

S4 Near Wahegaon Clay 2.10 Km 19°33'36.31"N 75°23'49.52"E S5 Near Iswardi Clay 2.03 Km 19°33'51.99"N 75°22'31.04"E S6 Near Pachalgaon Clay 3.43 Km 19°33'19.69"N 75°25'29.00"E

Near Jaikwadi S7 Clay 3.15 Km 19°31'20.61"N 75°22'42.74"E Irrigation Colony Near Amrapur S8 Clay 9.26 Km 19°33'32.29"N 75°17'51.45"E Waghundi

Figure 3-14 Soil sampling locations within 10 Km radius

Page 143 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP

Table 3-17 Soil analysis report S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 Near Near Near Near Parameters unit Project Near Near Near Jaikwadi Amrapur Yashwant Pachalgaon site Pimpalwadi Wahegaon Iswardi Irrigation Waghundi Nagar Colony Bulk Density gm/cm3 1.48 1.46 1.35 1.52 1.23 1.16 1.01 1.28 Porosity % 48.78 56.84 46.35 52.18 51.48 56.94 52.48 46.92 Water Holding % 45.30 49.68 42.15 45.60 52.46 45.85 49.62 48.60 Capacity Permeability Cm/Hr. 0.51 0.42 0.48 0.58 0.78 0.31 0.41 0.36 Particle size distribution Sand % 28.00 26.00 25.00 27.00 23.00 22.00 24.00 21.00 Clay % 56.00 59.00 57.00 56.00 60.00 58.00 58.00 63.00 Stilt % 16.00 15.00 18.00 17.00 17.00 20.00 18.00 16.00 Texture Class -- Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay pH (5% -- 7.60 8.20 7.40 7.80 7.60 7.20 7.50 7.10 Solution) Electrical µS/cm 1480.68 1240.36 1026.32 1248.00 1124.92 1014.36 1285.46 1458.36 Conductivity Cation meq/100 Exchange 48.78 42.48 52.48 56.92 46.98 42.16 62.69 62.14 gm Capacity Potassium mg/Kg 212.4 226.80 198.74 210.49 162.48 148.70 187.46 221.48 Phosphorous mg/Kg 84.56 95.60 81.46 112.36 136.98 98.74 121.46 136.95 Available mg/Kg 268.90 274.69 271.46 256.48 326.98 302.14 289.62 324.62 Nitrogen Total organic mg/Kg 1.28 2.10 1.36 3.49 1.01 1.26 1.26 1.48 matter Iron as Fe mg/Kg 1.24 0.94 0.46 0.28 0.21 0.62 0.52 0.94 Zinc as Zn mg/Kg 2.68 1.29 2.18 1.68 2.58 3.68 1.46 1.36 Nickel as Ni mg/Kg 2.68 1.56 2.16 3.28 2.49 3.26 2.16 1.48

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Baseline status of Soil:

Physical Characteristics

Physical characteristics of soil samples are delineated through specific parameters, viz., particle size distribution, texture, bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity, Moisture Content and Total Organic Matter.

The particle size distribution in terms of percentage of sand, silt and clay is furnished in Table No. 3.17. The predominant texture of soil is clay, followed by clay loam.

The bulk density of soils is in the range of 1.01 – 1.52 gm/cc, which, is considered as moderate. and Total Organic Matter is in the range of 1.01 – 3.49 % which shows medium to high nutrient value of the soil. Soil porosity is a measure of air-filled pore spaces and gives information about movement of gases, inherent moisture, and development of root system and strength of soil. Variations in soil porosity and water holding capacity are presented in Table No.3.17

3.14. Ecology & Biodiversity Erratism in the species composition and functioning of ecosystem carried out by anthropogenic activities. The first part to be affected directly as well as indirectly and in a short, medium- and long- term span would be the biotic component of the area. The biological assessment is trustworthy and acceptable method to understand the impact on surroundings. This leads to suggestion of remedial measures for minimizing the anticipated impacts on the ecosystem and living things.

Forest and Forest type of study area:

Project site and surrounding area of site comes under southern dry mixed deciduous and southern thorn forest types (Chmapion and Seth 1968). Mixed forest consisting of various varieties of species the occurrence of which is considerably influenced by biotic interferences and management. Major tree species occurring in the forest can be listed as Teak, Moi, Arjun, Bel, Babul, Khair, Palas, Parijatak etc. Thorny scrub type which is more or less a regressed subtype where overwood has been completely removed and due to excessive grazing only thorny species such as karwand, henkal, amoni, ghaneri, etc., survive. Grass lands which are well protected commercial kurans used mainly for fodder grass which is sold on cutting terms, the main species being sheda, marvel, kunda, paonya, rosha, kusali etc.

Biological environment of the area was studied during the study period. No endangered species have been sighted in the area. No Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors exists within study area of 10 km radius Except Jayakwadi Bird Sanctuary.

Flora and Fauna:

To conduct the study related to flora and fauna, the 10 km radius area was surveyed and the existing flora and fauna were recorded. The information about flora and fauna were also obtained from local people. Flora:

Proposed project site: Acacia nilotica, Senna auriculata, Tephrosia purpurea these kinds of common plants were observed at proposed plant site.Buffer zone (10 km from project boundary). The structure and composition of vegetation in the buffer zone was studied by visual observations during the site visit. The study area is dominated by agricultural fields. Most of the area is covered by active cropping accompanying patches of barren land and grassland inbetween. The project is located in the area which

Page 145 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP is considered to be dry deciduous zone with geographically having no distinct variation. However, the Jayakwadi Dam on the river Godavari is situated at to the south direction from the project site at about 7.6 Km. and presence of the surrounding region is rich in the bird diversity apart from the floral and faunal diversity as compared to other part of the area.

The study area has dry and arid type of climate. Most of the area is covered by the agricultural fields with natural vegetations in between. No reserved forest, National Park or any other ecologically sensitive zone like Wild Life Sanctuary is recorded. However, Jayakwadi Birds sanctuary falls under the study area. With regard to the tree vegetation is concerned Azadirachta indica, Acacia nilotica and Prosopis Juliflora occur in abundance. Other dominant tree species exhibited by the region are Acacia leucophlea, Albizia lebbeak, Mangifera indica, Senna siamea, Cassia fistula, Tamarindus indicus, Ficus bengalensis, Ficus racemosa, Crocus nucifera, Bauhinia racemosa, Aegle marmelos, Ailanthus excelsa, Annona squamosa, Bombax ceiba, Bougainvillea glabra, Butea monosperma, Dalbergia sissoo, Delonix regia, Ficus racemosa, Ficus religiosa, Mangifera indica, Peltophorum pterocarpum, and many others. Some of the plants introduced by human beings, agencies either as ornamentals, fruits, vegetable sources or merely as the curiosities. Barren and grassy land show the occurrence of Justicia adathoda, Calotropis procera, Agave americana, Euphorbia tirucali, Nerium pulchellum, Argemone mexicana, Lantana camara, Gymnosporia montana, Ricinus communis, etc. grasses are found in abundance, particularly during rainy season.

Notable aquatic plants observed during survey, of which, Ceratophyllum, Vallisnaria, Oetellia and Ipomea carnea are dominant species. As these are weeds but they help to maintain aquatic ecosystem, most of birds use these plants for feed as well as for shelter. Two aquatic pteridophytes also found during survey, Azolla pinnata and Marsilea crenata among which Marsilea is more dominant in marshy areas.

Table 3-18The list of plant species Sr. Common Scientific name Family Habit No. Name 1 Abrus precatorius L. Gunj Fabaceae Climber 2 Acacia concinna (Willd.) DC. Shikakai Fabaceae Climber 3 Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W.Theob. Vasanvel Menispermaceae Climber 4 Combretum indicum (L.) DeFilipps Madhumalati Combretaceae Climber 5 Cucumis prophetarum L. Wild kakadi Cucurbitaceae Climber 6 Cucumis sativus L. Wild kakadi Cucurbitaceae Climber 7 Ipomoea carnea Jacq. Besharam Convolvulaceae Climber 8 Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. Kadu ghosale Cucurbitaceae Climber 9 Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M.Roem. Bilavi Cucurbitaceae Climber Pentalinon luteum (L.) B.F.Hansen Yellow 10 Apocynaceae Climber &Wunderlin alamanda 11 Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. Gulvel Rubiaceae Climber 12 Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. Padval Cucurbitaceae Climber 13 Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry Lasun vel Boraginaceae Climber 14 Achyranthes aspera L. Chirchita Amaranthaceae Herb 15 Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. Kapurmadhuri Amaranthaceae Herb 16 Agave americana L. Agave Asperagaceae Herb 17 Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L. Ghanera osadi Asteraceae Herb

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Sr. Common Scientific name Family Habit No. Name 18 Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. Korphad Xanthorrhoeaceae Herb 19 Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.Br. ex DC. Kanchari Amaranthaceae Herb 20 Alternanthera ficoidea (L.) Sm. Kusal Amaranthaceae Herb 21 Amaranthus spinosus L. Katemath Amaranthacea Herb 22 Argemone mexicana L. Mexican poppy Papaveraceae Herb 23 Arundinella pumila (Hochst.) Steud. Grass Poaceae Herb 24 Asparagus racemosus Willd. Shatavari Asparagaceae Herb 25 Barleria cristata L. Koranti Acanthaceae Herb Cynarospermum asperrimum (Nees) 26 Dikna Acanthaceae Herb Vollesen 27 Blumea lacera (Burm.f.) DC. Bamurda Asteraceae Herb 28 Boerhavia diffusa L. punarnava Nyctaginaceae Herb 29 Brassica rapa L. Mohari Brassicaceae Herb 30 Canna indica L. Karhdal Canaceae Herb 31 Senna tora (L.) Roxb. Vala Fabacea Herb 32 Senna auriculata (L.) Roxb. Tarvad Fabaceae Herb 33 Celosia argentea L. Kurdu Acanthacea herb 34 Chloris barbata Sw. Gondvel tan Poaceae Herb 35 Cleome viscosa L. Tilvan Capparaceae herb 36 Crotalaria juncea L. Dhakati ghagri Fabaceae Herb 37 Croton bonplandianus Baill. Ban Tulasi Euphorbiaceae Herb Cyathocline purpurea (Buch.-Ham. ex 38 Galphule Asteraceae Herb D.Don) Kuntze 39 Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Harali Poaceae Herb 40 Cyperus alternifolius L. Cyperaceae Herb 41 Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees Bamboo Poaceae Herb 42 Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. Chipti Fabaceae Herb 43 Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf Grass Poaceae Herb 44 Dicliptera paniculata (Forssk.) I.Darbysh. Acanthaceae Herb 45 Dimeria Sp. Poaceae Herb 46 Echinochloa colona (L.) Link Poaceae herb 47 Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms Jalparni Hycianthaceae Herb 48 Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. ex DC. Sadamandee Asteraceae herb 49 Euphorbia hirta L. Dudhi Euphorbiaceae Herb 50 Euphorbia tirucalli L. Euphorbiaceae Herb 51 Flaveria trinervia (Spreng.) C.Mohr Asteraceae Herb Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex 52 Karala Apocynaceae Herb Schult. Heteropogon contortus (L.) P.Beauv. ex 53 Grass Poaceae Herb Roem. & Schult. 54 Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine Ekhara Acanthaceae Herb 55 Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. Grass Poaceae Herb 56 Indigofera sp. Fabaceae Herb 57 Justicia procumbens L. Karambal Acanthaceae Herb

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Sr. Common Scientific name Family Habit No. Name 58 Lepidagathis cristata Willd. Bhui gend Acanthaceae Herb 59 Ludwigia prostrata Roxb. Primerose Onagraceae Herb 60 Mimosa pudica L. Lajalu Momosaceae Herb 61 Ocimum gratissimum L. Van tulasi Lamiaceae Herb 62 Oxalis stricta L. Oxalis Oxalidaceae Herb 63 Parthenium hysterophorus L. Gajar grass Asteraeae Herb 64 Cenchrus ciliaris L. Buffle grass Poaceae Herb 65 Persicaria glabra (Willd.) M.Gómez Sheral Polygonaceae Herb 66 Phyllanthus niruri L. Bhui Awala euphorbiaceae Herb 67 Physalis peruviana L. Popati Solanaceae Herb 68 Portulaca oleracea L. Parslane Portulacaceae Herb 69 Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka Grass Poaceae Herb 70 Saccharum spontaneum L. Wild sugarcane Poaceae Herb 71 Sida acuta Burm.f. Chikna Malvaceae Herb 72 Solanum americanum Mill. Wild bringle Solanaceae Herb 73 Solanum virginianum L. Wild bringle Solanaceae Herb 74 Spilanthes acmella (L.) L. Akkalkara Asteraceae Herb 75 Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. Pig grass Asteraceae Herb 76 Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers. Unhali Fabaceae Herb 77 Tribulus terrestris L. Gokharu Boraginaceae Herb 78 Trichodesma indicum (L.) Lehm. Chota kalpa Boraginaceae Herb 79 Tridax procumbance Dagadful Asteraceae Herb 80 Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. Nichardi Tiliaceae Herb 81 Typha angustifolia L. Paankanis Typhaceae Herb 82 Urena lobata L. Van bhendi Malvaceae Herb 83 Zea mays L. Makka Poaceae Herb 84 Ceratophyllum demersum L. Ceratophyllaceae Herb 85 Vallisneria spiralis L. Tape grass Hydrocharitaceae Herb 86 Potamogeton indicus Roxb. Potamogetonaceae Herb 87 Azolla pinnata R. Brown Salvinaceae Herb 88 Marsilea crenata C. Presl Water clover Marsileaceae Herb 89 Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Petari Malvaceae Shrub 90 Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Boganvel Nyctaginaceae Shrub 91 Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Sagargota Caesalpinaceae shrub 92 Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. Shankhasur Caesalpinaceae shrub 93 Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand. Rui Asclepiadaceae Shrub 94 Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand. Mandera Asclepiadaceae Shrub Red powder 95 Calliandra haematocephala Hassk. Fabaceae shrub puff Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & 96 Eupatorium Asteraceae shrub H.Rob. 97 Duranta erectaL. Golden duranta verbenaceae Shrub Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex 98 Euphorbiaceae Shrub Klotzsch

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Sr. Common Scientific name Family Habit No. Name 99 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Jaswand Malvaceae Shrub 100 Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. Darp Tulas Lamiaceae Shrub 101 Lantana camara L. Tantani Verbenaceae Shrub 102 Lawsonia inermis L. Mehandi Lythraceae Shrub 103 Nerium oleander L. Kanher Apocynaceae Shrub 104 Ricinus communis L. Arandi Euphorbiaceae Shrub 105 Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth Ghantiful Bignoniaceae Shrub 106 Vitex negundo L. Nirgudi Verbenaceae Shrub 107 Xanthium strumarium L. Ghagara Asteraceae Shrub Australian 108 Acacia auriculiformis Benth. Fabaceae Tree babul 109 Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. Khair Fabaceae Tree 110 Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd. Pandhara khair Fabaceae Tree 111 Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile Babul Fabaceae Tree 112 Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa Bel Rutaceae Tree 113 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Maharukh Simaroubaceae Tree 114 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. Shirish Mimosaceae Tree 115 Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth. Safed Shirish Mimosaceae Tree 116 Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. Saptparni Apocynaceae Tree 117 Annona reticulata L. Ramfal Annonaceae Tree 118 Annona squamosa L. Sitafal Annonaceae Tree 119 Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Kadamb Rubiaceae Tree 120 Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Neem Meliaceae Tree 121 Bauhinia purpurea L. Kanchan Fabaceae Tree 122 Bauhinia racemosa Lam. Apta Fabaceae Tree 123 Bombax ceiba L. Katesawar Bombacaceae Tree 124 Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Palas Fabaceae Tree 125 Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels Bottle brush Myrtaceae Tree 126 Carica papaya L. Papaya Caricaceae Tree 127 Cassia fistula L. Bahava Fabacae Tree Cassia javanica subsp. nodosa (Roxb.) 128 Pink cassia Fabaceae Tree K.Larsen & S.S.Larsen Senna siamea (Lam.) H.S.Irwin & 129 Kashid Fabaceae Tree Barneby 130 Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck Lemon Rutaceae Tree 131 Cocos nucifera L. Naral Arecaceae Tree 132 Cordia dichotoma G.Forst. shelu Boraginaceae Tree 133 Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. Sisam Fabaceae Tree 134 Dalbergia sissoo DC. Sisoo Fabaceae Tree 135 Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf. Gulmohar Fabacea Tree 136 Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. Nilgiri Myrtaceae Tree 137 Ficus amplissima Sm. Pimpran Moraceae Tree 138 Ficus benghalensis L. wad Moraceae Tree 139 Ficus racemose L. Umber Moraceae Tree

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Sr. Common Scientific name Family Habit No. Name 140 Ficus religiose L. Pimpal Moraceae Tree 141 Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp. Undirmari Fabaceae Tree 142 Grewia tiliifolia Vahl Dhaman Tiliaceae Tree 143 Gymnosporia montana (Roth) Benth. Mountain spike Celastraceae Tree 144 Hardwickia binata Roxb. Ajan Fabaceae Tree 145 Justicia adhatoda L. Adulasa Acanthaceae Tree 146 Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. Taman Lythraceae Tree 147 Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. Moi Anacardiaceae Tree 148 Leucaena latisiliqua (L.) Gillis & Stearn Subabul Fabaceae Tree 149 Mangifera indica L. Amba Anacardiaceae Tree 150 Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen Chiku Sapotaceae Tree 151 Melia azedarach L. Bakan neem Meliaceae Tree 152 Millingtonia hortensis L.f Bhuchache zad Bigoniaceae Tree 153 Morinda citrifolia L. Bartondi Rubiaceae Tree Singapore 154 Muntingia calabura L. Muntinginaceae Tree cherry 155 Musa paradisiaca L. Kel Musaceae Tree 156 Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. Parijatak Oleaceae Tree Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) 157 Tambat sheng Caesalpinaceae Tree K.Heyne 158 Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Roxb. Khajur Aracaceae Tree 159 Phyllanthus emblica L. Awala Euphorbiaceae Tree 160 Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Vilayati chinch Fabaceae Tree 161 Plumeria alba L. Chafa Apocynaceae Tree 162 Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites Ashok Annonaceae Tree 163 Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre Karanj Fabaceae Tree 164 Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. Shami Fabaceae Tree 165 Psidium guajava L. Peru Myrtaceae Tree 166 Punica granatum L. Dalimb Lythraceae Tree 167 Santalum album L. Chandan Santalaceae Tree 168 Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr. Rain tree Mimosaceae Tree 169 Spathodea campanulata P.Beauv. Pichakari Bignoniaceae Tree 170 Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Jambhul Myrtaceae Tree 171 Tamarindus indica L. Chinch Fabaceae Tree 172 Tectona grandis L.f. Teak verbenaceae Tree Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight 173 Arjun Combretaceae Tree & Arn. 174 Terminalia catappa L. Badam Combretaceae Tree 175 Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol. ex Corrêa Bhend Malvaceae Tree 176 Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Ber Rhamnaceae Tree

Based on field survey, total 69 Tree species, 19 Shrubs species and 75 Herbs and 13 Climber species are identified in entire study area. No species found during field survey which comes under IUCN RET categories.

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Cucumis prophetarum L. Trichodesma indicum (L.) Lehm.

Senna tora (L.) Roxb. Ziziphus jujuba Mill.

Croton bonplandianus Baill. Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers.

Figure 3-15 Photographs of floral species

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Fauna:

Faunal diversity studied during field visit and categorised as per the respective groups and occurrence as well. Photographic evidences of same provided as per the requirement of project. Proposed project site is open and only two butterflies and two odonates found during the survey. Spider webs also found near project site but no without spiders. Jayakwadi dam is closer to proposed project site (Within 10 Km radius) and some flocks of migratory birds has been observed. Detailed faunal investigation with checklist and photographs enlisted below,

Odonates:

Dragonflies and damselflies play key roles in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats. They are predators as both nymphs and adults, feeding on a variety of prey including nuisance species such as mosquitoes and biting flies. They can be indicators of different biotypes and habitats and have been used as tools to assess the biological health of aquatic habitats and to detect levels of heavy metals such as mercury. They are also considered model organisms to assess the effects of global climate change.

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Table 3-19 List of fauna Sr. No Common Name Scientific Name 1 Ground Skimmer Diplacodes trivialis 2 Ditch Jewel Brachythemis contaminata 3 Crimson Marsh Glider Trithemis aurora 4 Black Marsh Trotter Tramea limbata 5 Crimson-tailed Marsh Hawk Orthetrum pruinosum 6 Senegal Golden Dartlet Ischnura senegalensis 7 Pygmy Dartlet Agriocnemis pygmaea 8 Saffron-faced Blue Dart Pseudagrion rubriceps 9 Grey Damselfly Pseudagrion hypermelas 10 Coromandel Marsh Dart Ceriagrion coromandelianum

5 dragonfly and 5 damselflies found during entire field visit and most of them near aquatic habitat except ground skimmer which found on proposed project site.

Insects:

Beetles:

Beetles are important biological control agents of aphids and scale insects and useful as decomposers and recyclers of organic nutrients also. Seven species of beetles found during faunal survey from 3 families of which Coccinellinae is more dominant family.

Table 3-20 Deatails of beetels Sr No Scientific name Family 1. Altica sp. Chrysomelidae 2. Leaf beetle Chrysomelidae 3. Harmonia octomaculata Coccinellinae 4. Coccinella transversalis Coccinellinae 5. Hycleus polymorphus Meloidae 6. Psyllobora sp. Coccinellinae 7. Illeis sp. Coccinellinae

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Bugs:

Insects are crucial components of many ecosystems, where they perform many important functions. They aerate the soil, pollinate blossoms, and control insect and plant pests. As decomposers, insects help create top soil, the nutrient-rich layer of soil that helps plants grow. Without insects to help break down and dispose of wastes, dead animals and plants would accumulate in our environment and it would be messy indeed. Insects are underappreciated for their role in the food web. They are the sole food source for many amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Seven bugs were recorded during survey. Chrysocoris sp. also known as Jewel bug was most common insect found during survey especially on weed Croton sp., which is host plant for this bug.

Table 3-21Dertails of Bugs Sr. No Scientific name Family 1. Leptocorisa sp. Alydidae 2. Homoeocerus sp. Coreidae 3. Nezara viridula Pentatomidae 4. Riptortus sp Alydidae 5. Cofana sp. Cicadellidae 6. Scutellera sp. Scutelleridae 7. Chrysocoris sp. Scutelleridae

Butterflies:

Ecosystem value. Butterflies and moths are indicators of a healthy environment and healthy ecosystems. They indicate a wide range of other invertebrates, which comprise over two-thirds of all species. These collectively provide a wide range of environmental benefits, including pollination and natural pest control. 21 species of butterflies found during the survey.

Table 3-22 Details of Butterflies Sr. No Common name Scientific name Family 1. Blue pansy Précis orithyia Nymphalidae 2. Chocolate pancy Junonia iphita Nymphalidae 3. Common crow Euploea core Nymphalidae 4. Common Emigrant Catopsilia crocale Pieridae 5. Common four ring Ypthima huebneri Nymphalidae 6. Common grass yellow Eurema hecade Pieridae 7. Common leopard Phalanta phalantha Nymphalidae 8. Common rose Pachliopta aristolochiae Papilionidae 9. Common sailor Neptis hylas Nymphalidae 10. Common sergeant Athyma perius Nymphalidae 11. Danaid eggfly Hypolimnas misippus Nymphalidae 12. Glassy Tiger Parantica aglea Nymphalidae 13. Grey pancy Junonia atlites Nymphalidae 14. Indian jezebel Delias eucharis Pieridae 15. Orange tip Colotis etrida Pieridae 16. Towny coster Acraea terpsicore Nymphalidae 17. Striped pierrot Tarucus nara Lycaenidae 18. Pea blue Lampides boeticus Lycaenidae 19. Peacock pansy Précis almanac Nymphalidae 20. Plain tiger Danaus chrysippus Danaidae 21. Striped Tiger Danaus genutia Nymphalidae

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Pea Blue Striped Perriot

Blue Ground Skimmer Chrysocoris sp.

Figure 3-16 Photographs of Butterflies

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Mammals:

Faunal assessment provides a basis for determining relative abundance and rarity of each species which is important for assessing the diversity of fauna of a area. Since animals are capable of movements from one place to another, this makes their study entirely different. Different animals prefer different types of habitat for food and shelter. There was no major physical sighting of large mammals during biodiversity study other than domestic mammals’ viz., cow, buffalo, cat, stray dogs, goat etc. During the field studies some tracks and signs Indian Hare (Lepus nigricollis) and domesticated animals were observed in the study area.

Table 3-23Details of Mammals Sr. No Common name Scientific name Family Palm Squirrel Funambulus pennanti Sciuridae Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii Herpestidae Indian Hare Lepus nigricollis Leporidae Common House Rattus rattus Muridae

Avifauna:

As with other native organisms, birds help maintain sustainable population levels of their prey and predator species and, after death, provide food for scavengers and decomposers. Many birds are important in plant reproduction through their services as pollinators or seed dispersers. During overall survey in the study area, a total of 53 bird species belonging to 30 families were recorded in the study area. The bird species were mostly observed around Jayakwadi dam, agriculture fields and human habitation.

Table 3-24 Details of Avifauna Sr. No Common name Scientific name Family 1 Black Kite Elanus caeruleus Accipitridae 2 Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus Accipitridae 3 Black winged kite Elanus caeruleus Accipitridae 4 Small blue kingfisher Alcedo athhis Alcedinidae 5 White throated kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis Alcedinidae 6 Eurasian Teal Anas crecca Anatidae 7 Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea Anatidae 8 Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis Ardeidae 9 Grey heron Ardea cinerea Ardeidae 10 Pond heron Ardeola grayii Ardeidae 11 Large Egret Casmoerodius albus Ardeidae 12 Little ringed plover Charadrius dubius Charadiriidae 13 Red wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus Charadriidae 14 Asian openbill Anastomus oscitans Ciconiidae 15 Wooly necked stork Ciconia episcopus Ciconiidae 16 Blue Rock Pigeon Columba livia Columbidae 17 Dove Streptopelia sengalensis Columbidae 18 House Crow Corvus splendens Corvidae 19 Jungle crow Corvus macrorhynchos Corvidae 20 Crow Pheasant Centropus sinensis Cuculidae

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21 Indian Cuckoo Cuclus micropterus Cuculidae 22 Koel Eudynamys scolopacae Cuculidae 23 Black drongo Dicrurus macrocercus Dicruridae. 24 Barn swallow Hirundo rustica Hirundinidae 25 Wire tailed swallow Hirundo smithii Hirundinidae 26 Long tailed shrike Lanius schach Laniidae 27 Common tern Sterna hirundo Laridae 28 Green Bee Eater Merops Orientalis Meropidae 29 Citrine wagtail Motacilla citreola Motacillidae 30 White browed wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis Motacillidae 31 Yellow wagtail Motacilla flava Motacillidae 32 Pied bushchat Saxicola caprata Muscicapidae 33 Purple Sunbrid Nectarinia asiatica Nectariniidae 34 House Sparrow Passer domesticus Passerinae 35 Rose – ringed Parakeet Pesitacula Kramri Pesittacidae 36 Little cormorant Microcarbo niger Phalacrocoracidae 37 Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus Phoenicopteridae 38 Baya weaver Ploceus philippinus Ploceidae 39 Red – vented Bulbul Pycononotus cafer Pycononotidae 40 Purple swamphen Porphyrio porphyria Rallidae 41 Black winged stilt Himantopus himantopus Recurvirostridae 42 Black tailed Godwit Limosa limosa Scolopacidae 43 Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola Scolopacidae 44 Brahminy Starling Sturnus Pagodarum Sturnidae 45 Common Myna Acridotheres tristis Sturnidae 46 Black Ibis Pseudibis papillosa Threskiornithidae 47 Glossy ibis Plegadis falcinellus Threskiornithidae 48 Jungle babbler Turdoides striatus Timaliinae 49 Hoopoe Upupa epops Upupidae

Green Bee Eater Purple sunbird

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Yellow Wagtail Grey Wagtail

Egret Pond Heron

Eurasian spoonbill Openbilled stork and Cormorant

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Glossy Ibis OpenBill Stork and White Ibis

SpotBill Ducks Grey Heron

Eurasian teal Black Winged Stilt

Whiskersed Tern Greater Flamingoes

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Figure 3-17 Photographs of Avifauna 3.15. Socioeconomic Study The socio-economic survey was conducted on January 2021. The objectives of the study were as under.

1. To collect socio-economic and demographic details of study area by adopting the methods of filling field data Sheet, Survey Format, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA).

2. To identify the impacts of the project on community as a whole.

3. To assess the environmental impact, Socio-economic information, communities livelihood, social needs, agriculture information, cropping pattern survey and action plan to address the expressed needs by communities.

• Methodology & Data Collection

Social survey, field data sheet and RRA were conducted on 8th October, 2018 to 10th December, 2018 for 21 villages within 10 km radius of the project. In order to collect the information of the desired objective it is necessary to collect the authenticate information about the village and personal interaction with people. Hence, village visits, field data sheet and survey forms, Van Diagram, using RRA, PRA methods were used to obtain the baseline information of the area. The selected villages within 10 km radius of the project site have near to similar characteristics. The published information, data collected through Govt. Offices, Grampanchayat, and Census of India 2011 is used as the basis of the survey.

1] Venn/ Chapati Diagram: This shows relationships of various institutions, organizations, programs with each other and with the villages as perceived by the villagers. The exercise is carried out with theuse of different sizes of circles and colors papers which indicate the relative importance or unimportance of a particular institution to that particular village.

2] Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA): Social survey and RRA is the methods to collect the factual information by involving the community. People’s Participation in the development process has been now recognized as most critical input for any programme to be successful. People Participation at all the levels of project cycle (i.e. Planning, action plan, implementation, monitoring and evaluation) develops a sense of ownership among them, which facilitates their involvement in planning, implementation and Public hearing and even in monitoring. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) thus, includes participatory approaches and methods thatemphasize on villagers, farmers making their own appraisal and analysis. The purpose of PRA is to enable development practitioners, government officials, Gram-panchayats, local farmers, villagers,

Page 160 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP women’s to work together to plan appropriate programs in tune with their “felt needs” and aspirations. Implementation, monitoring and evaluation) develops a sense of ownership among them, which facilitates their involvement in planning, implementation and Public hearing and even in monitoring. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) thus, includes participatory approaches and methods that emphasize on villagers, farmers making their own appraisal and analysis. The purpose of PRA is to enable development practitioners, government officials, Gram-panchayats, local farmers, villagers, women’s to work together to plan appropriate programs in tune with their “felt needs” and aspirations.

3] Primary data: Primary data was collected from the villages through Schools, Grampanchayat office, Anganwadi centers, Talathi Office, villagers, farmers, SHGs, Youths as per the availability.

4] Secondary data: For secondary data Census abstract of 2011, Government of India has been used. All the basic information as per the field data sheet of population statistics, water resources was collected from secondary data sources like census 2011.

5] Baseline Socio-economic survey and Sampling: Basic information is required for planning of the project which depends upon the demographic parameters of the project area population. This includes total population, their livelihood, and total no. of households, socio-economic information, cropping pattern, health, sanitation, village level infrastructure, community based organizations etc. Similarly, and equally important is the data related to the occupational pattern of the population and relative size of each occupational group.

Table 3-25Villages Identified for Socioeconomic Survey of Study Area Sr. No. Village Distance from project site in Km 1 Dhorkin 6.2 2 Isarwadi 1.7 3 Mudhalwadi 1.5 4 Narayangaon 1.6 5 Katpur 2.5 6 Pimpalwadi 2.1 7 Wadala 3.5 8 Wawa 4.0 9 Paithan 6.5 10 Amrpur 9.3 11 Borgaon 5.2 12 Dhakephal 9.2 13 Rahatgaon 4.7 14 Kasarpadali 5.8

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Profile at a glance: Detailed Socio economic profile of District Aurangabad, Taluka Paithan & Project site is presented in Table 3.26

Table 3-26Socio economic Profile of District, Taluka& Project site at a Glance

Table 3-27 Details of Socio-economic Indicator

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Table 3-28Details on Population of District Aurangabad

The Description Profile of Rural & Urban Area Population of District Aurangabad in study area is presented in Table 3.28.

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Table 3-29Comparison between Rural and Urabn Area

Aurangabad

The Aurangabad city was a major silk and cotton textile production center. A fine blend of silk with locally grown cotton was developed as Himroo textile. Much of the silk industry has vanished over time, but some manufacturers have managed to keep the tradition alive. Paithani silk saris are also made in Aurangabad. The name of this cloth is derived from Paithan town. In 1889 a cotton-spinning and weaving mill was erected in Aurangabad city, which employed 700 people. With the opening of the

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Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways in the year 1900 several ginning factories were started. In the Jalna alone there were 9 cotton-ginning factories and 5 cotton-presses, besides two ginning factories at Aurangabad and Kannad, and one oil- press at Aurangabad. The total number of people employed in the cotton-presses and ginning factories in the year 1901 was 1,016. Until 1960,

Aurangabad languished as a city, remaining industrially backward. In 1960, the region of Marathwada was merged with Maharashtra.

The industrial development of the Marathwada region began, propelled through designated backward area benefits. Growth began when the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC) began acquiring land and setting up industrial estates. Aurangabad is a now classic example of efforts of a state government towards the balanced industrialization of the state. Major Industrial areas of

Aurangabad are Chikhalthana MIDC, Shendra MIDC, Waluj MIDC, Paithan MIDC and Aurangabad MIDC.

GDP ($US): 840 million.

Conclusion: Social, cultural and economic aspects in the surrounding region due to proposed project is expected to contribute towards change in the quality of life of local people. The proposed project will help in improving socio – economic status of surrounding area as there will be direct employment generation for 60 people. Preference shall be given to local people at the time of man power recruitment. Communication with local community will be institutionalized & done on regular basis by the project authorities.

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1. Introduction The chapter aims at controlling pollution at the source level to the extent possible with the available and affordable technology followed by treatment measures before they are discharged. The proposed project would create impact on the environment in two distinct phases:  During the construction phase which may be regarded as temporary or short term;  During the operation phase which would have long term effects. The construction and operational phase of the proposed project comprises various activities each of which will have an impact on some or other environmental parameters. Various impacts during the construction and operation phase on the environmental parameters have been studied and mitigation measures for the same are discussed briefly below and elaborated in the subsequent sections. Anticipated environmental impacts due to the expansion project/ production has been evaluated for significance and based on corresponding likely impacts VEC‟s (Valued environmental components) has been identified and mitigation measures has been incorporated

4.2. Construction Phase Impact assessment during the construction phase of the project is of importance as the construction activities lead to adverse effects on the environment on a short term basis. The major activities that are undertaken during this phase are civil works, mechanical works, machinery works and transportation works.

During the construction phase, the following activities among many are considered to be important towards creating environmental impacts:

1. Site preparation (fencing, boundary & clearing of site) 2. Excavation, backfilling and levelling 3. Hauling and dumping of earth materials & construction spoils 4. Foundation works 5. Fabrication erection of Steel structures such as, Tanks, Pipelines and Sheds 6. Construction of internal roads, drains & water supply 7. Painting and finishing 8. Cleaning, landscaping and plantations

4.2.1. Land Environment Impacts The activities carried out during the construction phase will involve a change in the land use from vacant industrial land to a built up industrial land, which will pose the following impacts on the land environment.

1. Compaction of soil and a change in the soil structure due to the use of heavy construction vehicles and machineries.

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2. Removal of soil from the site. 3. Mixing of the topsoil and subsoil. 4. Dispersion of dust. Mitigation measures

1. Employing techniques such as restricting access during wet conditions, using protective boarding and low ground pressure machineries to minimize compaction of soil. 2. The removed soil will be properly stored for subsequent reinstatement. 3. Reuse of excess excavated material for road development, green belt development and landscaping. 4. A well designed closed depository for storage of construction materials to prevent land/soil pollution. 5. Effective stabilization of altered landforms to minimize soil erosion and the potential for water pollution (e.g. Vegetation). 6. Reuse of construction wastes such as sand, brick, gravel, cement for developing internal road and project structures.

4.2.2. Air Environment Impacts

The activities that might lead to a decline in the local air quality due to generation of dust are; 1. Site Preparation-fencing, boundary and clearing of site will cause disturbance to the surroundings. 2. Excavation, backfilling and levelling. 3. Hauling and dumping of earth materials and construction spoils. 4. Foundation works can cause dust generation which will decrease the air quality and it can impact the labours working. 5. Fabrication, erection of steel structures such as tanks, pipelines and sheds. 6. Construction of internal roads drains and water supply. 7. Cleaning and landscaping. 8. Emission from Construction DG & Construction Equipment’s. Mitigation measures 1. Barricading the construction area and minimizing exposed areas to reduce dust generation. 2. Areas generating dust during dry weather will be sprayed with water. 3. Conserving the existing vegetation screens to act as a barrier to dust. 4. Appropriate enclosed areas for storage of construction materials. 5. Facilitating the workers with the required personal protective equipment’s. 6. Efficient usage and maintenance of equipment’s/machineries to lower air emissions, noise pollution and consumption of energy resource.

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7. Exhaust vent of DG set will be provided with adequate stack height to ensure quick dispersal of gaseous emissions. 8. Periodic monitoring and maintenance of transport vehicles to check on the quality of emission to be within permissible limits and consumption of fuel 9. Regular inspection of construction site to ensure timely removal and disposal of construction debris to the dumping sites or for recycle/reuse.

4.2.3. Water Environment

Impacts 1. Contamination of watercourses by leakage from fuel and materials storage areas. 2. Oil and suspended solids in run-off from vehicles and access roads. 3. Use of heavy machineries and vehicles causes compaction of topsoil due to which a change in the surface water drainage pattern may occur. 4. Generation of sewage. Mitigation measures 1. The water demand during the construction phase will be met from the private water suppliers (or) existing bore well 2. Impenetrable lining will be provided to storage premises to avoid accidental mixing or fugitive losses. 3. Storehouse will be located at a distance away from the water storage area to prevent accidental release or spillage. 4. Proper management of rain water run-off during monsoon and creating bunds to utilize the rain water for construction purpose. 5. An appropriate water management system will be implemented. Wastewater Management: Domestic: Sewage generated from construction activities will be collected in Septic Tank.

4.2.4. Noise Environment

Impacts 1. The major sources of noise generation at the construction site are pneumatic hammers, DG sets, compressors, concrete mixers, operating machineries, horns & acoustic signals and communication among workers. 2. Noise nuisance causes discomfort and health related issues in those who work at the site and those who reside in the neighboring villages. Mitigation measures 1. Barricading the construction site. 2. The green belt will help in reducing the noise nuisance. 3. Selection of equipment’s of high quality.

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4. Proper planning and organizing of construction activities which will help in avoiding loud verbal exchanges between the intervening parties. 5. Transportation activities will be carried out only during the day and only in case of emergency, the transportation activities will be permitted in night time 6. The vehicles used for construction activities and transportation of materials will be provided with the horn of low noise level as recommended by RTO/ concerned authorities. 7. Minimization of operation time of noisy equipment and operation of machineries/equipment that generate high levels of noise only during day time. 8. Inadequate use of plant and equipment, namely, running on full power when the work does not necessitate it will be avoided. 9. Personal protective equipment’s, education and public awareness and exposure control through rotation of work will be provided to the workers engaged in construction activities in the area generating high levels of noise.

4.2.5. Waste Generation

Sources of waste are construction debris such as bricks, steel scrap, wooden scrap, sand and gravel etc. Mitigation measures 1. Prior to commencement of construction works, assessment of materials required, location and planning of available space for its storage will be conducted. 2. Quality control will be implemented to reject defective materials at the time of delivery thus avoiding later disposal. 3. Stockpiles of sand, gravel, soil will be situated in such a manner that they do not spill or washed onto the adjacent roads. 4. Materials that come in will be labelled and the date of receiving will be recorded. 5. Preparation of a proper waste management system which includes identification of wastes, collection, segregation, storage and disposal methods. 6. Recycling and reuse of certain construction debris. 7. Spent oils and other lubricants from equipment will be collected in enclosed containers before disposing it to approved recyclers.

4.2.6. Ecology

The proposed facility is situated in industrial area; hence no impacts have been expected to arise on the biological environment. Except for the removal of weeds, the ecological status of the site will be well maintained by conserving/developing the greenbelt at the site.

4.2.7. Social Environment

The impacts of construction activities are beneficial on the social environment as it contributes to the economic and social development by providing employment to about 10 workers during the construction phase and thereby raising the standards of living and quality of life. Procurement of construction materials locally leads to increase in trading opportunities.

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4.3. Operation phase

From an environmental perspective, this phase is of paramount significance due to its potential to invoke long-term impacts. The adverse effects that are likely to occur during this operational phase. of the project are: Air Pollution (gaseous emissions), Effluent generation, Noise generation, Solid waste generation etc.

4.3.1. Land Environment and Location

It is a proposed project hence there will be no change in land use pattern and no impact due to location.

4.3.2. Discharges on Land-Impact

The sewage generated from domestic usage will be treated in sewage treatment plant. The wastewater treatment system will be maintained with ZLD, hence there will be no discharges on land premises. Mitigation Measures 1. Periodic maintenance and check of wastewater conveyance pipelines 2. Attempt to restore by replacing a part or putting together the torn or broken parts of the conveyance pipeline in case of any leakage is detected. 3. Necessary preventive measures for spillage from pipelines, such as surface RCC channels along the pipelines is adopted. 4. Lining of effluent collection tank/ETP common guard pond. 5. Treated wastewater quality shall be ensured as per standards before using it for various requirements. 6. With regards to ETP-There will be institutional arrangement to check the efficiency of Zero Liquid Discharge.

4.3.3. Impacts- Soil Contamination-

Potential impacts on land environment are envisaged due to hazardous and non-hazardous wastes generated due to various operations in the project site. Sludge generated during production process, chemical waste including toxic waste, burnt fuel waste, oil slurry, Salts from ATFD etc. are the source of hazardous waste. Sludge from ETP will be generated. Poor management of such materials/wastes from the operations is a potential risk of soil contamination. Mitigation Measures- Good housekeeping and best practices of waste handling shall be adopted to eliminate/minimise the risks of soil contamination. The wastes generated will be stored in temporary storage facility and transferred to nearby Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDF) and also to the approved vendors of Maharashtra State Pollution Control Board (MPCB) landfill and Co-processing. However, waste minimisation techniques will be adopted in order to minimise the generation of wastes.

4.3.4. Air Environment

Base line data reveals that ambient air quality in the study area for the Parameters PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO are well within the permissible Limits as prescribed by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for Industrial Area, Residential, Rural & Other areas.

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The major air pollution sources from the industry are DG sets, boilers, reactors and thermic fluid heater. The DG set and boiler sources are provided with stacks of adequate height so as to disperse the emanating flue gases containing particulate matters, oxides of sulphur and nitrogen without affecting the ground level concentrations. Bag filters will be installed for the Boiler. The emissions generated from the reactors are scrubbed out by wet scrubbers. Air Modeling- M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. is a Greenfield project, proposes to set up Manufacturing unit for API and API Intermediate unit at Plot No. D-10, MIDC Paithan, Taluka: Paithan, Dist. Aurangabad, Maharashtra, Pin code: 431107. API= 6 Nos., Capacity = 112 MT/Month and API Intermediate = 43 Nos., Capacity =1171 MT/Month, Total Number of Products = 49 Nos. Total Capacity= 1283 MT/Month The power requirement for proposed project is 300 HP. (Source: - MSEDCL) Boiler 2 T/Hr.; Fuel Briquette -500 kg/Hr. Proposed Thermopack 1 no 2.0 lac Kcal/hr. and 2 No. of DG Set having capacity of 250 KVA is sufficient to meet emergency power requirement of the plant. For Boiler fuel will be used, which will get increased, leads to release of extra pollutants in ambient air. Considering above it is necessary to provide suitable mitigation measures in proposed setup for protection of air environment. The objectives for air modeling studies are narrated in below section. The following objectives were identified for conducting air dispersion modeling studies: To identify & classifying the sources, contributing in release of criteria air pollutants in the environment. To estimate emission rate of identified air pollution causing sources on gram/second basis in violation phase as well as into proposed operational phase To identify the sensitive receptors, present within study area of 10 km radius. To identify the ratio of increase in baseline concentration due to proposed activity. To identify impacts due to estimated incremental concentration on nearby environment. To suggest suitable mitigation measures to reduce the impacts of proposed activity on air environment. Identification of Source The following sources/activities are identified and considered for performing Air Modeling studies: Steam Boiler of 2 TPH capacity Thermic Fluid heater of 2 Lac Kcal/Hr capacity. Note: Operation of DG set will be limited and subjected to power failure; therefore operation of DG set is not considered in air modeling studies. For the quantitative impact analysis on the air quality, air dispersion modeling is performed. The criteria pollutants like PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx & CO generated from operation of above mentioned utilities were considered for air modeling. Analysis Method For the quantitative impact analysis on the air quality due to the proposed activity, air dispersion modeling is performed. The criteria pollutants like PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX & CO generated from activities mentioned in sec 3.0 were considered for air modeling.

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AERMODCloud5 developed by Envitrans and authorized by CPCB is used for air modeling simulation which is based on the steady state Gaussian plume equation. Model option used for computation  Point Source Modeling is considered;  Calms processing routine is used by default;  Wind profile exponents is used by default;  Flat and elevated terrain is used for computations;  It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformation and that there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition;  Washout by rain is not considered; and  Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations.  Uniform polar receptor grid is used. The grid consists of 180 receptors each assumed to be at ground level. Modeling Procedure The prediction of the Ground Level Concentrations (GLC’s) due to activity has been computed by AERMODCloud5 as per CPCB guidelines. While performing the model the urban dispersion and regulatory defaults options were selected as per guidelines on air quality models (PROBES/70/1997- 1998). Meteorological Data Processing The surface synoptic meteorological data of project site was collected in month of December 2020 to February 2021. The meteorological observation station. The quality assurance process was undertaken as required by the EPA (EPA-454/R-99-005) to identify and fill the missing data for preparation of hourly surface meteorological data. The surface and profile met data were prepared for use in AERMOD using the AERMET meteorological data preprocessor of Envitrans. Processing the surface file indicated more than 90 % data availability. Meteorological inputs required are hourly wind speed and direction, ambient temperature, pressure, precipitation, cloud cover, stability class and mixing height. According to Micro Meteorological data received from Laboratory of JV Analytical Services. Following Wind rose pattern is plotted using AERMET Tool.

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Figure 4-1 Wind rose diagram Interpretation: Above presented Figure no1, reveals that; the majority of wind during month of study period. At project site were blowing from East to West direction.. It is also been noted that, 23% of total air is blowing from East to West direction and 19% of total wind is from NEE direction was blowing with speed range of 2.1-3.8 meters per second.

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Model Input data:

Existing Phase

The emission factor is used in the air dispersion modeling for estimating the pollutants from the boiler & TFH is calculated using the document (EPA) AP-42 Chapter No. 1 External Combustion Sources, Section 1.8 i.e., Bagasse combustion in sugar mills is utilize to predict the emissions proposed to be release in air environment due to burning of briquettes. The briquettes will be made up of agricultural residues like groundnut husk, coffee husk; coir pit etc. The most significant pollutant emitted by briquettes-fired boilers is particulate matter, caused by the turbulent movement of combustion gases with respect to the burning briquettes and resultant ash. Emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are lower than conventional fossil fuels due to the characteristically low levels of sulfur and nitrogen associated with briquettes. The moisture content in briquettes is considered to be around 10%. Emission factor units are lb of pollutant/ton of wet, as-fired briquettes containing approximately 10% moisture, by weight. As per calculation furnished under identification of sources i.e. 4.1.2.1 it is assumed that 1 lb of briquettes will produce 6 lb of steam, in lieu of any site-specific conversion data. Therefore, to convert lb/ton to kg/ton, emission factor is multiplied by 0.16. The modeling has been performed to identify the existing contribution of industry into current baseline scenarios and to identify proposed GLC concentration in current baseline by increase in fuel combustion rate of industry in its different units.

Table 4-1Modeling Input data for Steam boiler of 2 TPH capacity Briquettes fired boiler of 2 TPH capacity Stack (Point Source) of 30meter height Parameter Unit attached boiler of 2 TPH capacity Stack No No. 1 Fuel Briquettes 500 Kg/Hr. Ht. of stack m 30 Temp. of flue gas oC 180 Vel of flue gas m/sec 6 Dia. Of stack at top m 0.9 APCD attached - Bag Filter Gas quantity Nm3/hr Emission Rate of PM 10 g/s 0.03022 Emission Rate of PM 2.5 g/s 0.1866 Emission Rate of SO2 g/s 0.555 Emission Rate of NOx g/s 0.0266 Emission Rate of CO g/s 21.84

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Table 4-2Modeling Input data for Steam boiler of 2 TPH capacity Briquettes fired TFH of 2 Lac kcal/hr capacity Stack (Point Source)of 30 meter height Parameter Unit attached to TFH Stack No No. 1 Fuel Briquettes 250 Kg/Hr Ht. of stack m 30 Temp. of flue gas oC 180 Vel of flue gas m/sec 6 Dia. Of stack at top m 0.9 APCD attached - Bag Filter Gas quantity Nm3/hr Emission Rate of PM 10 g/s 0.0151 Emission Rate of PM 2.5 g/s 0.0933 Emission Rate of SO2 g/s 0.277 Emission Rate of NOx g/s 0.0133 Emission Rate of CO g/s 10.92

Interpretation

The workers including Technical staff, Administration staff, security and others in the factory premises who may be affected due to the unscientific operation of boilers. Mostly the health effects associated with particulate matter are respiratory, pulmonary injury, lung cancer etc. Exposure to SO2 and NOx also lead to respiratory problems. Carbon monoxide decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of blood by reducing the hemoglobin. The incremental values at various monitoring stations were predicted and integrated with the baseline value for PM10, SO2, NOx & CO is tabulated in the below table. The output image of the dispersion modeling describing the incremental predictive values during existing and proposed phase of operation is given below:

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Figure 4-2 Air Dispersion Modeling Image for PM10 criteria pollutant

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Figure 4-3 Air Dispersion Modeling Image for SO2 criteria pollutant

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Figure 4-4 Air Dispersion Modeling Image for NOx criteria pollutant

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Figure 4-5 Air Dispersion Modeling Image for CO criteria pollutant

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Table 4-3Incremental emission load due to current activity, contributing in existing baseline values

Sr. No. PM (ug/m3) SO (ug/m3) NOx (ug/m3) CO (mg/m3) Sampling Location Code & Name 10 2 BV IV RV BV IV RV BV IV RV BV IV RV 1 A1 41.38 0.0380 41.418 14.42 0.3534 14.7734 20.96 0.0169 20.9769 0.17 0.0427 0.2127

2 A2 44.24 0.077 44.317 15.23 1.41 16.64 23.19 0.0678 23.2578 0.23 0.256 0.486

3 A3 43.65 0.0193 43.6693 15.45 0.3534 15.8034 21.64 0.0169 21.6569 0.22 0.128 0.348

4 A4 53.83 0 53.83 15.7 0 15.7 23.72 0 23.72 0.24 0 0.24

5 A5 43.65 0 43.65 15.63 0 15.63 22.72 0 22.72 0.24 0 0.24

6 A6 43.22 0 43.22 15.87 0 15.87 23.48 0 23.48 0.24 0.085 0.325

7 A7 43.76 0 43.76 15.32 0 15.32 23.63 0 23.63 0.26 0.085 0.345

8 A8 44.01 0 44.01 15.96 0 15.96 23.47 0 23.47 0.25 0.042 0.292

NAAQS Standards 100 (24 hourly) 80 (24 hourly) 80 (24 hourly) 4 (1 hourly)

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The incremental value of the specific pollutant at the particular monitoring station is added to the baseline value of that specific pollutant measured during the monitoring period of the project. The resultant value thus calculated used for predicting the impacts of the proposed project on the air environment in the study area. The resultant value for all the locations are well within the prescribed limit of NAAQS, the air modeling studies are carried out considering mitigation measures.

Mitigation Measures:

 The roads within the premises shall be sprinkled with water at a regular interval to avoid the dust generation.  To ensure that all transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC (Pollution under Control) Certificate.  Proper servicing & maintenance of vehicles is being carried out.  Adequate green belt covering area greater than 33% of total plot area have been developed in the project plot as per National Forest Policy. Green belt act as surface for settling of dust particle and thus will reduce the particulate matter in air.  Ambient air quality shall be regularly monitored to ensure the air pollution devices are working efficiently.  Periodic burner replacement shall be done to avoid CO generation; while sufficient air shall be provided for combustion process.  All air pollution control measures like scrubber’s bag filters/Cyclone separator will be provided by the industry.  Ambient air quality monitoring will be carried out regularly at selected locations in order to check and compare the predicted concentrations with the measured concentrations.  NAAQS Exceedance if any may be checked thoroughly and adequacy/Performance of Air Pollution Control measures shall be reviewed.  Water sprinkling shall be carried out on road surfaces in the project area.  Trucks with cargo susceptible for fugitive suspension will be covered with tarpaulin. All the vehicles will be periodically checked to ensure compliance to the emission standards.  In addition, unit will be with essential pollution control measures as to be stated by CPCB. VOC Control Measures

. Use of double condenser system for reactors/tanks. . Addition of solvents will be carried out by dosing/ metering pumps. . Cooling and chilled water vent condenser traps will be installed on reactor/ storage tanks to control VOC’s and recycle the trapped solvents back to the process. . Regular monitoring of VOC’s will be carried out to check the functioning of the vent condensers.

4.3.5. Noise Environment Impact

 Noise generation sources during operation phase is classified into two categories:  Stationary sources due to operation of heavy duty machineries at the project site like Boilers, Thermopack, Compressors, DG sets, Cooling towers, Boiler feed water Pumps etc.  Mobile sources corresponding to mainly vehicular traffic for staff mobilization, materials, material transportation, liquid fuel transportation to project site, etc.  Vibrations are expected to be generated by various activities associated with the proposed project during operational phase. The impact of vibrations beyond the site would be negligible during normal operation phase. However, the impacts on workers engaged in the plant area would be considerable due to occupational exposure. The proposed fixed major equipment/units such as boiler house, compressors,

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pumps, DG sets etc., also generate vibrations during operational phase and may cause exposures to the workers/operators engaged at these units. Mitigation Measures

 The major noise generating equipment like Compressors, DG sets, Boiler Feed water pumps etc. will be enclosed in an acoustic enclosure designed for an insertion loss of 25 dB (A) and silencers to other equipment etc.  Major noise generating equipment will be designed with 85 dB (A) ensuring cumulative noise at 1.0 m remains at 85 dB (A).  The occupational noise exposure to the workers in the form of eight hourly times weighted average will be maintained well within the prescribed Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard limits.  Adequate PPE will be provided to the staff exposing to noise risks.  Acoustic silencers will be provided in equipment wherever necessary.  Acoustic design with sound proof glass paneling will be provided for critical operator cabins control rooms of individual modules as well as central control facilities.  Use of personal protective equipment’s/devices such as ear-muffs, ear plugs etc. will be strictly enforced for the workers engaged in high noise areas.  Periodic maintenance of the equipment to be used in the developmental works will be carried out. Worn out parts will be replaced and rotating parts will be lubricated to minimise noise emissions.  Implementation of greenbelt for noise attenuation will be undertaken: shrub plantation; landscaping with horticulture; and Tree plantation at vehicle parking areas and along approach roads.  Ambient noise levels will be monitored at regular intervals during operational phase of the project.  Low vibration generating machines/equipment will be selected to meet internationalstandards and foundations will be so designed to minimise vibrations and secured properly.  Vibration generating sources and their platforms should be maintained properly to minimize vibrations and related impacts.  Various standards pertaining to vibrations are formulated by statutory bodies like Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and Director General of Mines Safety (DGMS), which is being practiced would be continued to mitigate the workers’ health effects due to vibrations.  Vibration dampers will be provided around the source of generation.  Transportation Management Plan will be prepared and the transportation of construction materials will be planned in line with the same.

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4.3.6. Vibration There is no source of vibration which will contribute to significant impacts

Mitigation Measures

. By adopting smooth roads and yard for transportation, noise due to transport shall be drastically reduced. Plantation shall be done along the road so that noise can be reduced. . If required noise barrier shall be installed. . Steam release shall be of small duration of the time . All the machinery including pumps and compressors should be lubricated and well-fixed to minimize noise. . DG set shall be provided with acoustic enclosure

4.3.7. Water Environment Impact on water resources

During operation phase, water requirement of proposed units will be mainly for process, cooling water, service water, domestic use, fire water, green belt etc.

The major use of water is for industrial purposes. Total water consumption: 246.0 CMD. Source of water will be from MIDC. Effluent generation from the process will be from 145.10 CMD.

Wastewater generated from the project is being treated in ETP followed by MEE and Zero Liquid Discharge concept will be adopted for proposed project also, hence the impact due to the proposed project is very minimal.

Impacts on water quality

Effluent is generated from manufacturing process, cooling tower & boiler blow down, floor washing, vessel washing, domestic use etc. Wastewaters from the pharmaceutical industries are characterized to have a high BOD, COD, TDS & TSS concentrations and extremely variable pH values. If this untreated wastewater discharged outside without proper treatment than it may affect surface as well as ground water quality.

Mitigation Measures

Effluent treatment plant (ETP) will be proposed to treat the wastewater, from the proposed project. The total waste water generation of proposed project will be 145.10 CMD. There will be negative impact on water resources after the implementation of project. To neutralize this impact to some extent, the unit is having rain water harvesting tank and storm water during the monsoon season.

The sewage will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant and mitigation measures of water environment are presented in Table.

Table 4-4 Impacts and Mitigation measure Sr. Impacting Activity Impact Mitigation measure No. i. Construction Phase Increase in the possibility ofless Use water judiciously. Usetreated 1. Use of Fresh Water water available forcompeting effluent from proposedETP. users. Possibility of contaminationof Domestic effluent disposedinto 2. Domestic effluentdisposal the surrounding waterbodies septic tank & soak pit

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due to discharge of domestic effluent ii. Operational Phase Increase in the possibility ofless Minimize the waterconsumption 1 Use of Fresh Water water available forcompeting by recycle &reuse.Firm allocation users. of water forindustrial use. Increase in the possibility Treated waste water is reused in Disposal of treatedwaste ofdeterioration of the water process or used for gardening.No 2. water. quality surrounding waterbodies discharge to water bodies or due to discharge of waste water. outside factory premises Generation of wastewater Increase in the possibility Full fledge state of arttreatment frommanufacturing ofdeterioration of the water 3. facility based onwaste process,domestic quality surrounding waterbodies characteristics shall be Provided. use,washings, blow downetc. due to discharge of waste water.

4.3.8. Land Use/Land Cover Proposed Projects site falls in MIDC area which land is specially allotted for industrial development so the land use and land cover changes are inevitable hence there will be no impact on Land Use/ Land Cover.

4.3.9. Geology Proposed Projects falls in already developed MIDC area so there will be no impact on geology is envisaged from the proposed project.

4.3.10. Solid/Hazardous Wastes Impact

. Generation of Solid/Hazardous waste due to various industrial activities may contaminate soil fertility. . Improper handling and disposal of used oil, discarded containers; incineration ash, process waste/MEE salt, spent catalyst, STP sludge, ETP waste and fly ash may lead to occupational hazard. Mitigation Measures

. Hazardous waste generated from the site will be send to CHWSTDF . Fly ash will be sent to brick manufacturer. . Discarded containers will be sold off to authorized MPCB approved scrap dealers. . Used oil will be sold to authorized recyclers . Solid/ Hazardous waste will be collected, stored, transported and disposed as per the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary)

4.3.11. Risk and Occupational Hazards Impacts on Occupational Health, Community Health and Safety are listed as below:

. The processes for the present range of products involve reactions, which are slightly exothermic and with medium temp and atmospheric pressure conditions and separation of Class A solvents by distillation. For these processes HAZOP study will be carried out and all the recommendations for safe operation with respect to instrumentation, and operating procedures will be done. . Possible accidents hazard due to reactions at high pressure. . Fire Hazard due to storage of solvents in underground tanks . Fire Hazards due to spillage, which may lead to fire and spreading the fire to other solvents stored in other drums and can lead to serious fire and explosion. . Hazards due to handling of chemicals. . Health hazards for workers due to exposure of various chemicals

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Mitigation Measures

. It is strongly recommended to take all the preventive measures to minimize the probability of the accident to the minimum and make the process and reactor operation as intrinsically safe as possible. Because prediction of realistic estimation of the extent of damage and damage control after the accident is extremely difficult in case of reactor accident. . For the reactions carried out at more than atmospheric pressures following mitigation measures will be adopted; . Reactor will be designed at pressure which will be double than operating pressure. . It is necessary to have Pressure control loop. . Rupture Disc and safety relief valve will be installed on the reactor to control excess pressure. . It is advisable to install reactor in a separate location, away from the main plant covered on three sides with pressure resistant walls and open roof. . All operations should be PLC based controlled from the control room, located at a safe distance. . Major hazard for underground storage tanks is fire due to 1) Leakage or failure of unloading hoses

2) Due to improper earthing of tanks and tanker from which solvent is being unloaded.

The other hazard is soil pollution due leakage of underground tanks due to improper maintenance, use of improper anti corrosive paint, failure to conduct regular pressure testing and thickness testing.

. Storage of Class A solvents must have license issued by the CCE as per the rules, all the conditions specified there in have to be fulfilled. Fire5fighting around the storage of Class A solvents is recommended. . Good Ventilation in the storage area. No ignition source. To be stored in good containers. No spillage. Control of spillage. Adequate separation from each other and other storage areas and process areas. Storage of Acids in drums/carboys. . Full fledge arrangements for fire detection and control. . Provision of in house ambulance for emergencies. . Implementation of onsite and offsite disaster management plan. . Provision of fire extinguishers and fire hydrant system. . Regular health checks up of workers. . Regular training for first aid & fire control, establishing OHC. . MSDS of all hazardous chemicals will be available at office and with responsible person. . Antidotes for all chemicals being used as per MSDS will be available at the site. . Any leakage /spillage of liquid chemical shall be immediately attended. . Instructions of emergency/disaster will be displayed. . Work area will be monitored to maintain work environment free from any dust/chemicals5fumes/vapors and to keep well within below permissible limit. . Provisions of immediate accident/incident reporting and investigation. . Safety Posters and slogans will be exhibited at conspicuous places. . Availability of Self Breathing Apparatus at site. . Requisite personnel protective equipment shall be provided. Instruction/Notice to wear the same will be displayed. Further, it will be insisted to use the same while at work. . Safety Committee will be constituted and safety, health and environmental matters/issue will be discussed in the meeting and enlighten the participants in these respect.

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4.3.12. Ecological Biodiversity Impacts on Ecology and Biodiversity

The proposed project site is well within the premises of Paithan MIDC. The construction work to be done for the proposed project will have minor impact on biological environment;

. During construction phase, anthropogenic activity and noise generated by different machinery may lead to temporary shifting of sensitive species of reptiles [Krait, Common Rat Snake, small mammals (Indian Hare) and birds [Common Birds like Barn swallow, Baya weaver, Black drongo, Common Myna, Small Bee eater etc.] to the surrounding similar habitat. . During operation phase, emission of gaseous pollutants will occur from the industry, which will impact human health as well as biodiversity of the surrounding area. . Ecologically Important site i.e. Jayakwadi Bird sanctuary are within 1.8 km of the project area. Mitigation Measures

. There will not be adverse impact due to the proposed project on the environment specially on the bird sanctuary as the major land use in between the bird sanctuary and MIDC area are agriculture fields and human habitation which forms a buffer zone for the avifauna population in the bird sanctuary. . During the construction, the fencing barricading will be created which prevents the dust spread and sound created by machinery, vehicles etc. . It has been reported that gaseous pollutants are absorbed by the leaves, while the particulate forms are absorbed through the outer surface of the plants having thick canopy. (Prajapati & Tripathi, 2008). Plant species, particularly trees and shrubs, are important sinks for trapping and absorbing many gases, particulates, aerosols and airborne pollutants (Gajghate and Hassan 1999). To reduce the impact of gaseous pollutants in the surrounding area thick plantation will be proposed in the company premises and open areas outside the plant boundary. . During construction and operation phase proper green belt should be developed to minimize air pollution, due to gaseous pollutants, vehicular pollution & dust to attract different faunal groups and maintain the biodiversity. Some of the points to create high quality habitat for avifauna in sanctuary area are as following;

Manage water level throughout the year, hydrology which is a primary driver of wetland characteristics.

. Provide floating and submerged grasses in the edges of the wetland. . Do not plant huge trees on the edges of the wetland. . Provide a buffer of upland vegetation of 100 feet or more around the wetland to protect it from sediment and chemical runoff, and other degradation. . Plant buffers to dense grass. If, necessary shrubs or trees can also be maintained within the grasses. Maintain this buffer along streams, rivers and on lake front properties as well. The process will help in maintaining a healthy fringe of the wetland vegetation at the edge of lakes and streams. . Leave naturally dying and decaying trees standing in swamps because they provide insects for woodpeckers and homes for cavity dwellers. . Invasive species tend to eliminate native species and also reduce plant diversity so it can be eradicated. . Provide the verities of vegetation cover with different strata. . Specifically, designed nest site materials placed in the wetland and the area shall be free from human encouragement. . Periodic removal of weeds to improve the ecosystem healthy. . Watch towers away from the nesting sites but good visibility sites. . Traditional vegetation management techniques can be used such as grass cutting in seasonal manner but in a controlled (based on the local situation).

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. Provide mosaic flooded and unfolded grassland on the edges which attract diverse group of birds. . Vegetation cover in the water area should not exceed one third of the total area.

Table 4-5 Impact and mitigation measures

Sr. No Impacting Activity Impact Mitigation Measure 1. Preparation of site Clearance of shrubs at site/ Possibility of loss of Use top soil for green belt Removal of top soil and local floral and faunal development Green belt vegetation species & top soil. development may retain the local plant species. 2. Construction Phase 2.1. Noise generation due to Possibility of disturbance Green belt development may movement of heavy vehicles to faunal species. retain the local faunal species.

3. Operational Phase 3.1. Gaseous emission from boiler, Increase in gaseous Appropriate stack height shall Thermopack & DG set emission, it may affect be provided with APC. surrounding vegetation & faunal species 3.2. Discharge of effluent Improper discharge of ETP will be installed for the / sewage waste water waste water & sewage treatment of waste water. water, may effect on Treated water will be reused aquatic life of for gardening. surrounding water bodies. 3.3. Green belt development -- Green belt development may retain the local plant species

4.3.13. Traffic Study Proposed Traffic study

In MIDC area, 20 feet wide tar road is already constructed. For the proposed project 3 to 4 heavy vehicles will be required for transportation of raw material & finished products. The total number of vehicles visiting site on daily basis on under

. Two Wheeler-25 Nos . Four Wheeler- 10 Nos . Heavy Vehicles- 04 Nos. Transportation Risk

Industry is located in the Notified Industrial area and Aurangabad Paithan Highway is near from the project site. The traffic density of the nearest highway is high mainly commercial and passenger vehicle traffic. Raw materials and finished products will be transported by road. The traffic generated due to the proposed project will be 2 to 3 nos. of vehicles per day. The impact will be negligible.

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Table 4-6Impact and Mitigation Measure for Transportation Sr. No. Impacting Activity Mitigation Measure Risk during transportation of hazardous (Proper safety precautions will 1. chemicals and finished products be taken)

4.3.14. Odor Management Odor can be defined as the “perception of smell” or in scientific terms as “a sensation resulting from the reception of stimulus by the olfactory sensory system”. Whether pleasant or unpleasant, odor is induced by inhaling air borne volatile organics or inorganic.

Sources of odor

Manufacturing process

1) Effluent Treatment Plant

2) Volatile Organic Compound’s (VOC’s)

Control measure

. Appropriate stack height shall be provided for release of gases. . For the removal of odor, from odor emitting gases scrubber shall be installed. . Proper Ventilation system shall be provided to reduce the odor problem._ . To reduce the odor from treated waste water, activated carbon filter shall be installed._ . Reduction of odor at generation source, by storing volatile material in closed containers to prevent volatile emission and carrying out chemical reactions in closed chambers._ . Green Belt development can help to minimize the odor.

4.3.15. Socio- Economic i. Vehicle Movement and utilities operation Positive impact on employment generation for the plant operation, housekeeping, Gardner, drivers, security staff, EHS, account and admin staff. Mitigation Measure-

First preference will be given to local population of surrounding villages for employment ii. Manufacturing process . Flue gas and process emission will have negative effect on health of surrounding village population. . Generation of high noise from industrial activities may disturb the routine of peoples living in surrounding area Mitigation Measure-

. APC‟s has been provided for controlling the process emission with adequate stack height. . Padding and enclosing has been provided at noise generating machineries and area, same will be done for proposed machineries and area iii. Sewage and Effluent generation and treatment . Contagious and viral disease effect on surrounding village population due to disposal of untreated sewage. . Chronic effect on the health of the surrounding village population due to the disposal of untreated treated effluent

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Mitigation Measure- Generated sewage will be treated send to septic tank and generated effluent will be treated in effluent treatment plant followed and MEE. ZLD will be achieved. Conclusion – . Impacts on land environment, air environment, water environment, noise environment, biological environment, socioeconomic environment and risk and hazard has been identified and mitigation measures for the same for both construction and operation phase are incorporated. . Impact identification with and without mitigation measures has also been carried out and briefed in the chapter. . Air modelling study has been carried out to find maximum and minimum GLC in the surrounding areas. From the overall study and evaluation of impacts, it can be concluded that the overall negative . Impacts from various activities on different environmental parameters are negligible with proper EMP in place.

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5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)

5.1. Analysis to alternative- The analysis of alternative technology and site is an important tool for the selecting the best technology and project location.

Alternative analysis is the process of analyzing the proposed locating for suitability for basic necessities to operate the plant safely, this analysis also covers the environmental aspect of pollution prevention and improvement in quality of life nearby the project vicinity.

The project alternatives (Technology & Site) are the course of action in pace of another, that would meet the same purpose and need, but which would avoid or minimize negative impacts and enhance project benefits.

Such projects may result in specific impacts which can be avoided or mitigated by adherence to certain predetermined performance standards, guidelines or design criteria. Alternative approaches may therefore be more effective in integrating environmental and social concerns into the project planning process.

5.2. Site Alternative M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., is a green field project proposed to setup API and API Intermediate products manufacturing unit at Plot No. D-10, MIDC Paithan, Tal. Paithan, Dist. Aurangabad., Maharashtra. Total production capacity of the plant will be API= 6 Nos., Capacity = 112 MT/Month andAPI Intermediate = 43 Nos., Capacity =1171 MT/Month, Total Number of Products = 49 Nos. Total Capacity= 1283 MT/Month. The area of the plot (20,000 m2) is sufficient for proposed activities to be carried out. Required facilities like infrastructure, communication, medical facilities, fuel, water, power, unskilled & skilled manpower, raw materials, road network etc. are readily available, too. There is no Rehabilitation and Resettlement involved. Nearest city is Aurangabad which is about 36.97 km, nearest railway station is Aurangabad Railway station which is about 35.46 Km, Nearest Airport is Aurangabad which is around 36 Km from the proposed project site. site is having connectivity with other parts of the country by road, rail & air. Therefore, no other site or area was considered.

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5.3. Process Alternative Production Technology M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. will have an experienced team of scientists who are engaged in, Manufacturing of API and API Intermediate. Proposed technology of production is result of R&D and no alteration is currently with the proponent. Wastewater Treatment Technology

 Effluent is categorized as LCOD and HCOD based on COD value in terms of mg/Lit  Value more than 5000 mg/Lit is considered as LCOD and above as HCOD.  The corresponding streams of effluent are segregated and then sent for treatment to respective unit.  HCOD/ HTDS IS Treated in evaporation system. The unit has 3 no different units combined together. Stripper column, MEE and ATFD. Condensate is pumped to RO with appropriate Capacity of RO or sent to ETP biological treatment along with LCOD/LTDS effluent. [ If COD /TDS within limit].  LCOD/LTDS is treated in ETP for biological treatment. Pretreated effluent shall be stored in a holding tank and then pumped to RO for further treatment Description of Treatment The total water requirement 246 KL. Waste water generated from plant premises will be 145 KL Out of this 115 KLD will be high COD. [Manufacturing Process] and 21 KLD Will be from washings, laboratory usage, floor cleaning, equipment cleaning, product washing and utensils washings. Boiler / cooling tower blow down etc. 9 KLD from domestic over flow from septic tank. [Treated separately in STP as outlined below]

This waste water shall be pumped into above ground level tank for storage and neutralization of HCOD. LCOD effluent then routed to Zero liquid discharge facility in plant premises. All treatment tanks will be constructed and installed above ground level with proof lining.

HTDS/ HCOD will be sent to MEE system with stripper column followed by ATFD

Agitated thin film dryer. The condensate from MEE/ATFD and LTDS/ LCOD effluents willbe sentto either Biological ETP or recycled to MEE/ATFD. After pretreatment the effluent will be sent to RO system Permeate from RO system 70-75% shallbe recycled and Reject shall be back to MEE system or can be transferred to ETP biological treatment. Salts collected from ATFD system will be collected and sent to CHWTSDF for safe disposal.

Air Pollution Control Technology

Flue gas emission is due to the combustion of fuel briquette in boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater. Cyclone dust collector & bag filter will be installed as APCM for each flue gas emission source. Process gas emission will be from the stack attached to process reactors The gases will be scrubbed in two stage scrubber, water followed by caustic solution. Thus proven, most feasible and best available technology will be used for Air Pollution Control and no other alternatives are currently with the proponent.

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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

6.1. Prelude Environment monitoring is the sampling and analysis tool to know the environment conditions at particular time. The record of environmental monitoring is most important as the environmental changes are slow in nature and impact appears after many years. Environmental Monitoring is the technical heart of assessment of environmental and social impacts arising due to implementation of the proposed project. An equally essential element of this process is to develop measures to eliminate, offset or reduce impacts to acceptable levels during implementation and operation of projects. The integration of such measures into project implementation and operation is supported by clearly defining the environmental requirements within an Environmental Management Plan.

M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. Total production capacity of the plant will be API= 6 Nos., Capacity = 112 MT/Month and API Intermediate = 43 Nos., Capacity =1171MT/Month Total Capacity= 1283 MT/Month. The environmental monitoring programme is developed as below.

6.2. Environmental Monitoring Programme The periodical monitoring of Environmental parameters like air, water, noise, soil and performance of pollution control facilities and safety measures in the plant are vital for proper environmental management of any industrial project. Therefore, the company shall create environmentalmonitoring facilities by the environmental and safety department to monitor air and water pollutants as per the guideline of MPCB & CPCB. Moreover, air and water quality shall be monitored by outside agencies authorized by MPCB at regular frequencies. This department shall also carry out periodical check-up of fire and safety equipment’s.

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Table 6-1Environmental Monitoring Program Important Sr. Monitoring Particulars Standards Monitoring No. Frequency Parameters Ambient Air Quality PM10, PM2.5, SO2, Industry Main gate and Air (Prevention and NOx, CO, VOC, HC, Quarterly/ 1. two locations inside Control of pollution) O3, Benzene, BaP, Consented premises Rules, CPCB, 1994 lead, Arsenic, Ammonia, Nickel Stack Emission Monitoring Air (Prevention and Quarterly/ Particular matter and 2. Boiler and DG Set stacks Control of pollution) consented SO2 Rules, CPCB, 1994 Air (Prevention and Quarterly/ Hydrogen and 3. Process Stack Control of pollution) consented VOC’s. Rules, CPCB, 1994 Water Quality Monitoring pH, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD, Oil and Untreated and Water Quality Grease, SO4, 4. Treated Effluents Daily standards by CPCB/ chloride, DO using (ETP water) SPCB APHA or BIS method Noise Quality Monitoring Noise levels at 3 Quarterly/ Noise standards by Equivalent to Noise 5. locations within the site Consented CPCB Level in dB Work Zone Monitoring Particulate Matter, At least of 4 locations in 6. Quarterly -- SO2, VOC’s, PM10, plant PM2.5

6.3. Action Scheduled There will be three facets to design and follow the schedule viz; (A) for compliance of responsibilities, (B) for day-to-day operation and management of ETP and ECE and (C) for routine environmental monitoring, to access the impact and take timely warnings. First two are already explained above with reference to CPCB publications. The schedule for third aspects is as follows;

Daily Compliance-

 Maintain the electricity consumption record for pollution control  Monitor ambient air periodically as per the consent  Take the meter readings- initial and final, for checking the water consumption Monthly Compliance

 Monitor Ambient/ Work Zone noise levels and ensure conformance to standards  Monitor the emission sources through the competent authority and submit the analysis report to the board. Quarterly Compliance

 Review the water Reuse performance  Monitor the ambient air quality at upwind and downwind locations of the factory Half yearly Compliance

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 Submit the half yearly EC and Consent compliances report Yearly Compliance

 Carry out environmental Audit Statement of various environmental aspects reviews the environmental policies with the help of experts and makes the up gradiation/ changes accordingly  Submit the Environmental statement to the State Pollution Control Board in Form-V under Rule 14 of Environment (Protection) Second amendment Rules 1992 of the Environment (Protection) Act 1986.  Obtained Consent to Operate and Renewal time to time under the water and Air Acts.  File hazardous waste returns  Renew the Hazardous waste Authorization under sub-rule 3 of the hazardous waste (Management and handling) Rules, 1989  Reporting accidents, if any

6.4. Success Indicator The success of the honest and sincere efforts the PP is putting in and it will be judged by various indicators which are as follows;

 There will be no complaints from the villagers  There will be no compliant of the costumers regarding quality of product and delivery schedule  No complaints from Government, semi- Government or Non-Governmental organizations  Statistics of Health, Safety and Environment will be maintained without blemish  Other industries will come to seek our advice

6.5. Environmental Monitoring Hierarchy M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., is aware that environmental monitoring is not a job, which can be handled without careful planning. A structure of this plan and hierarchy of process flow for environment management is prepared and enclosed as logics, which is self – explanatory.

The ultimate aim is that, the proponent and public make a combine effort in the same directions of sustainable development.

6.6. Conclusion It is proposed to frame an environmental Monitoring programme both in construction and operational phases to monitor the effectiveness of the mitigation measures by judging the impact of environment.

A separate budget is proposed for the same as also a dedicated cell. A transport approach will be kept with documentation and reporting will be statistical treatment to the data. Checklist of the statutory compliance will be maintained and complied it time to time.

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

In this project public consultation is not applicable, as project is in MIDC. Additional studies like review of social impact and public consultation were undertaken. Apart from the public consultation, major portion is dedicated to the study of hazard identification and risk assessment. It also covers the requirement for onsite and offsite disaster (natural and manmade) preparedness plan including emergency management plan.

Social Impact Assessment Studies (SIA)

Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R & R) and Social Impact Assessment (SIA) studies have not found any relevance for the proposed project site as there would not be any temporary or permanent displacement of the personnel or goods as the proposed project will be located in MIDC, Paithan. Hence, no R & R and SIA studies or plan were undertaken for the particular site. The nearest residential settlement is at Yashwant Nagar- 0.84 km (NE), Mudhalwadi- 1.40 km (S), Paithan- 7.72 km (SE), Dhangaon-3.95 km (NW) from the site. Proposed project activity will not cause any negative impacts on the environment and on the society as it will increase the direct and indirect job opportunities along with indirect work to the local people residing in the area. There will be some development of secondary service market near the site which will be beneficial to the local economy.

7.1. Introduction - M/s Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd is Green Field project. The project will be executed at Paithan MIDC Plot No. D- 10, Taluka Paithan Dist. Aurangabad, Maharashtra. As the proposed project comes under the schedule (f) - Synthetic Organic Chemicals industry (EIA Notification dated 14th September 2006) Company is classified as small-Scale Industry under Red Category by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board.

Due to change in economic scenario, it is time to change as per market requirements and bring out the products which gives optimum results for company as well as society. Now a day’s, rate of human health diseases is increasing rapidly. Medical treatment with the help of drugs/medicines is a common practice in which medicines/drugs play an important role in recovering the health & control the diseases. Pharmaceutical industries require raw materials in the form of synthetic chemicals, bulk drugs and intermediates to prepare final products as medicine. Bulk drug intermediates are the active raw materials used in drug that are useful as therapeutic agents. Therefore, proposed manufacturing of various API and Intermediates has a vital importance. The raw materials required for proposed activity will be procured from local market.

7.2. Objectives and Scope of work The purpose of carrying out the Risk Analysis is to analyze the hazards & Risks, nature & impact of hazards due to handling & storage of hazardous products. The analysis aims at quantitative evaluation of the risk involved due to location & operation of the Plant and also to ascertain that the risk is within its acceptable limits or not. The finding results into recommendations for minimization of the existing levels of risk.

All the important aspects of the Manufacture, Storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 2000 and relevant Guidelines would be used as directives in conducting the Risk analysis.

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Scope of work

(A) Hazard Identification:

1. Study of Proposed Plant Operations and Engineering information, Piping and Instrumentation diagrams (P&ID), plot and layout plans. 2. Identification of fire, explosion & other health hazards 3. Analysis of inventories in process & storage units with recourse to Manufacture, Storage & Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 2000 and Fire-Explosion & Toxicity Index (FE& TI) 4. Identification of accident sequences and consequences with recourse to Event Tree Analysis (ETA) and to evaluate propensity of occurrence of the top event through Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) 5. Past accident data/information analysis in similar installations to develop the credibility of worst come worst accident scenarios. 6. Application of Safety Review Check List 7. Visualization of Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) scenarios. (B) Analysis of MCA Scenarios:

1. Analysis of identified MCA scenarios and quantification of primary effects and to evaluate the domino effects with recourse to computerized mathematical models pertaining to cases of:

 Solvent outflow and its release  Spilled Product fire, Jet fire & Pool fire  Explosion (Unconfined Vapor Cloud Explosion) in case of Solvents 2. Application of damage criteria for heat radiation & pressure wave levels with recourse to health criteria, dose- response relations and vulnerability models.

(C) Consequence Analysis:

1. Study of on-site and off-site population and nearby land usage characteristics. 2. Characterization of risk/Hazard levels through study of nature of exposure, pathway & consequences of MCA scenarios and presentation of results. (D) Recommendations based on:

1. Observations on the operational practices & Installation hardware 2. Findings of the Risk Analysis & safety review Check-list 3. Firefighting & other emergency facilities available 4. Manufacture, Storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 2000 Raw materials will be received in drums, carboys as well as through tankers and stored in covered shed. Raw materials are indigenously available and will be transported by road; and in case of unavailability, will be exported. The raw materials will be stored/register will be maintained as per market requirement of the products and production schedule. The list of raw material of each product is given below.

To analyze Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) Scenarios, maximum inventory of raw material is in Plant. Tank wise storage capacity of all raw materials is shown in Table 1.

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7.2.1. Details of source of water, fire water tanks and fire Fighting equipments (f/e’s, fier hydrants, nozzles & monitors) Firefighting equipment suitable for emergency will be maintained well in each section in the plant. This would be developed according to the statutory requirements. However, fire hydrant line covering major areas will be laid. Fire alarms will be located in the bulk storage areas. 1 Nos. of fire hydrant pump 42.40 M3/hr capacity is installed for fire fighting purpose.

7.2.2. Availability of fire extinguishers at strategic locations and accessories and medical facilities Fire extinguishers available at various strategic locations as per requirement, the total number of employees in M/s Shalini Organics would be around 30 Nos. The workers will be examined by certified surgeon within 14 days of their first employment and thereafter shall be examined by certify surgeon at intervals of not more than three months. Also one qualified person on First Aid measures will be on duty. First aid box will be provided in every department of the company. First aid boxes will be located as per requirement. Minimum one first aid trained person available in all shift. Necessary specific medicines for emergency treatment of burns patients and for those affected by toxicity would be maintained. Breathing apparatus and other emergency medical equipment would be provided and maintained in the OHC.

Private medical practitioners & government hospital would be approached in case of emergency & short supply in the plant. Names of medical personnel and medical facilities in the surrounding area would be prepared and updated which can be identified in the security office and emergency control centre. The help of nearby industrial managements would be taken under mutual aid response group agreement if required.

7.3. Hazard identification and visualization of mca scenarios "Hazard" is a characteristic of a system, Installation or processes that present potential for an accident. Therefore, all the relevant aspects of Solvents Products storage and handling process have been thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or propagating an unintentional event or sequence of events, which can lead to an accident or disaster. Type, quantity, location & conditions of release of the solvents products under various scenarios have been examined in order to estimate its damage potential, area affected, and the precautionary measures to be taken.

7.4. Hazard potential: Deciding factor Factors considered to identify and analyze the hazard potential are:

1. Flash point & Boiling point of the Products 2. Inventory of the Solvents 3. Potential for loss of containment 4. Pool size & dyke capacity 5. Potential for availability of ignition sources in the vicinity of leakage or spillage Apart from the Solvents characteristics and process of its handling, size & layout of the Installation and its equipment are also analyzed in order to assess the hazard potential.

7.5. Identification of hazards Solvents are highly inflammable in their basic character. They are dangerous because of their intrinsic properties, i.e. flash point, ignition energy required, heat of combustion, flammability limits, etc. In addition to such intrinsic properties, extrinsic factors like storage & operating conditions and large storage quantity is also considered for hazard identification

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The extent of the consequences arising from the Solvents in plant would depend on type & quantity of products present, mode of containment, and external factors like location, density of population etc. In many cases, realization of hazard and its potential also depend on prevailing meteorological conditions and availability of ignition source. Thus, most serious consequences would arise from a large inventory of Solvent surrounded by a densely populated area.

Flammability Classification Criteria:

Table 7-1 Details of Flamibility S.N. Flammability Class Flash point (°C) 1 Class A Flammable Liquid FP < 23 2 Class B Flammable Liquid 23 > FP <65

Solvents require interaction with air or oxygen for its hazard to be realized. Under certain circumstances, vapors of the products when mixed with air may be explosive especially in confined spaces. Following methods of hazard identification have been employed in this study:

1. Characterization of major hazardous units based on Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, Government of India, 2000; referred here as MSIHC Rules. 2. Identification of hazardous installations based on relative ranking technique, viz. Dow's Fire Explosion Index and Mond's Toxicity Index (FEI & TI)

7.5.1. M/s Shalini organics as per MSIHC rules, 2000 Major hazard installations in the country have been identified & characterized by MSIHC Rules, 2000. The rules employ certain criteria based on flammable, explosive & toxic properties and quantity of the chemicals. Indicative criteria adopted in the MSIHC Rules, 2000 and description of applicable provisions of the rules is given in Appendix I.

As per provisions of the MSIHC Rules, 2000 quantity of Solvent Storage at the Installations has been analyzed and the applicable rules are identified based on the type of solvents, quantity of storage and the threshold quantity given in the rules. Applicable regulations of MSIHC Rules, 2000 to the Installations are identified in the following Table7.2

All solvents in plant fall under the category of isolated storage, which comes under schedule 3 Part II of MSIHC Rules. Threshold quantities and applicability of various rules are as follows:

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Table 7-2 Applicability of MSIHC Rule Storage Threshold Quantity (MT) as per Product Sr. Capacity MSIHC Rules* Applicable Rules No. For Rules 5,7 to 9 For Rules 10 Class In Ton & 13 to 15 to 12 2(e) (i)(iii), 2(h)(i), 3, 4,5,7 1 Toluene 5 1,000 5000 to 9, 10 to 15 2(e) (i)(iii), 2(h)(i), 3, 4,5,7 2 Methanol 20 1,000 5000 to 9, 10 to 15 Isopropyl 2(e) (i)(iii), 2(h)(i), 3, 4,5,7 3 - 1,000 5000 Alcohol to 9, 10 to 15 2I (i)(iii), 2(h)(i), 3, 4,5,7 to 4 Acetone 5 1,000 5000 9, 10 to 15 2I (i)(iii), 2(h)(i), 3, 4,5,7 to 5 Iso-propanol 10 1,000 5000 9, 10 to 15 6 N-Propanol 10 1000 5000 2I (i)(iii), 2(h)(i), 3, 4,5,7 to 7 Ethyl Acetate 5 1,000 5000 9, 10 to 15 2I (i)(iii), 2(h)(i), 3, 4,5,7 to 8 Hexane - 1,000 5000 9, 10 to 15 2I (i)(iii), 2(h)(i), 3, 4,5,7 to 9 Acetonitrile - 350 5000 9, 10 to 15 2I (i)(iii), 2(h)(i), 3, 4,5,7 to 10 HSD 200 lit 5000 10000 9, 10 to 15

Rule 2: Identification for Existence of “Hazardous Chemicals”:

. "Hazardous chemicals" are existing in the Proposed Plant as per rule 2(e)(i) & 2(e)(ii), Solvent existing at the Installation are covered under Schedule I(b)(ii) . "Industrial Activity" carried out in the Installation involves operation / processes having hazardous chemicals and includes their on-site storage & transportation as per Rule 2(h) (i). “Isolated storage” of Solvent is covered in schedule 2.

Rule 3: Duties of the Government Authorities:

Duties of the Government Authorities as per schedule V.

Rule 4: General Responsibility of Occupier:

As "hazardous chemicals" exist in the Installation, the occupier has to provide evidence to show that he has:

Identified the major accident hazards & Taken adequate steps to: Prevent such major accidents and to limit their consequences to persons & environment. Provide information, training and safety equipments, including antidotes to the persons working on site to ensure their safety

Rule 5: Notification of Major Accidents:

Notification of "Major Accidents" in the format given in Schedule 6 to Chief Inspector of factories and to other authorities as listed in Schedule V.

Rule 7: Notification of Site:

Notification of site and updated information of the modifications to the competent authority as per Schedule VII.

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Rule 8: Updating of the Site Notification Following Changes in the Threshold Quantity:

Any change in the “threshold quantity” (storage quantity) is to be notified to the competent authority.

Rule 9: Transitional Provision:

Transitional Provision for the existing activity

Rule 10: Safety Reports:

Preparation of Safety report by the occupier & to carry out an independent safety audit once in a year.

Rule 11: Updating of report under rule 10:

Updating of safety reports based on modification.

Rule 12: Requirement for further information to be sent to the authority:

Further information on safety reports to the authority.

Rule 13: Preparation to On-site emergency plan by the occupier:

Preparation of onsite emergency plan by the occupier & to conduct mock drill will take once in every 6 months.

Rule 14: Preparation of Off-site emergency plan by the occupier:

Preparation of offsite emergency plan by the occupier & to conduct mock drill will take once in every Year.

Rule 15: Information to be given to persons liable to be affected by a major accident

Rule 16: Collection, Development and Dissemination of Information on "Hazardous Chemicals" Employed by the Occupier

Material Safety Data Sheet is to be prepared as per Schedule IX Every container of hazardous chemical should be labeled or marked to identify Contents of the container The name and the address of the manufacturer Physical, Chemical and Toxicological data as per the criteria given in Schedule I : Part I Rule 18: Import of Hazardous Chemicals

(1) The rule is applicable as “hazardous chemicals” as per Schedule 1 Part I (b) (ii) exist in the Installation. (2) To provide timely information to various Govt. Authorities listed in Schedule V:

Name & address of the company receiving the consignment in India The port of entry in India Mode of transport from exporting country to India The quantity of chemicals being imported Complete product safety information

7.5.2. Fire Explosion & Toxicity Index (FEI & TI) Analysis for Shalini organics Introduction & Objectives:

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The most widely used relative ranking hazard indices are Dow chemical Company's Fire Explosion Index (FEI) and Mond's Toxicity Index (TI). They are commonly together referred to as Fire Explosion and Toxicity Index (FEI & TI).

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FEI & TI involves objective evaluation of the realistic fire, explosion, toxicity and reactivity potential of process or storage units. The quantitative methodology relies on the analysis based on historic loss data, the energy content of the chemical under study and the extent to which loss prevention measures are already incorporated. FEI & TI are primarily designed for operations involving storage, handling and processing of flammable, combustible and reactive chemicals.

Table 7-3List of hazardous chemicals and its respective DOW F& E Index

Iso- Ethyl Triethyl Denatured Chemical Methanol Toluene Propyl Acetone HSD Iso Propanol N-Propanol Acetate Amine Sprit Alcohol Storage Considered Tank Tank Tank Tank Drum Tank Tank Tank Drum Tank

N h 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1

N f 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3

N r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Material Factor, MF 16 16 16 16 10 16 16 16 16 16 F1 (General Process Hazard) 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.35 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 F2 (Special Process Hazard) 1.60 1.89 1.80 1.68 1.26 1.46 1.86 1.46 1.80 1.68 F3 (Hazard Factor) 4.08 4.81 4.59 4.28 2.961 3.72 4.74 3.72 4.59 4.28 Fire & Explosion Index 65.28 76.96 73.44 68.5 29.61 59.56 75.88 59.56 73.44 68.5 Degree of Hazard Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Light Light Moderate Light Moderate Moderate

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The DOW Index calculations, performed for storage of chemicals.

Interpretation: The Dow index has been performed for above listed chemicals storage and from the calculations it is seen that the storage will have a maximum Dow Index of 76.96 indicating Moderate hazard potential.

Table 7-4Degree of Hazards Degree of Hazard for F & EI F & EI Index Range Degree of Hazard 1-60 Light 61-96 Moderate 97-127 Intermediate 128-158 Heavy 159-up Severe Toxicity Index:

Introduction

The principle and general approach used in the DOW method of hazard evaluation have been further developed by ICI Mond Division, the revised Mond Fire, Explosive and Toxicity index is a series of papers by Lewis (1979). The main developments made to the DOW Index in the Mond Index are:

1. It covers a wider range of process and storage installation 2. It covers the processing of chemicals with explosive properties 3. A calculation procedure is included to allow for the off-setting effects of good design and control and safety instrumentation 4. The procedure has been extended to cover plant layout 5. Separate indices are calculated to access the hazards of fire, internal explosion and aerial explosion. To estimate the Monds Index for raw materials in storage area following, All the raw materials stored in the industry premises are tabulated and data for their N (H) levels and TLV levels are obtained. Based on their highest toxicity factor and lowest TLV level Mond’s Index was calculated for chemicals with Nh=3 or more.

To estimate the Monds Index for raw materials in storage area following,

Table 7.6 explains the toxicity index and degree of hazard associated with respective raw material.

Table 7-5Toxicity Index and degree of Hazard for Hazardous chemicals Th Ts Degree Sr. Raw Toxicity (Toxicity (Correction of No. Materials Index factor) factor) hazard 1. Methanol 50 50 5.15 Light 2. Toluene 125 75 10.88 Severe Iso- 3. Propyl 50 50 4.35 Light Alcohol 4. Acetone 50 50 5.23 Light 5. HSD 0 50 2.30 Light Ethyl 6. 50 50 5.01 Light Acetate Iso 7. 125 50 8.11 Moderate Propanol Triethyl 8. 250 125 20.06 Severe Amine

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Th Ts Degree Sr. Raw Toxicity (Toxicity (Correction of No. Materials Index factor) factor) hazard N- 9. 50 50 5.01 Light Propanol Denatured 10. 50 50 5.23 Light Sprit

7.6. Visualization of MCA Scenarios

7.6.1. Introduction A Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) can be characterized as an accident with a maximum damage potential, which is believed to be credible. For selection of a MCA scenario following factors have been taken into account.

* Flammability of the Products

* Quantity of Products present in the tank

*Process or storage conditions such as temperature, pressure, flow, mixing and presence of incompatible materials

In addition to the above factors, location of the unit with respect to adjacent establishment has been taken into consideration to account for the potential of escalation of an accident. This phenomenon is known as the domino or secondary effect. In order to visualize MCA scenarios Chemical Inventory Analysis, Event Tree Analysis and Past Accident Review have been employed.

7.6.2. Chemical InventoryAnalysis Maximum inventory of Solvents in storage tanks has been considered.

7.6.3. Identification of Chemical Release & Accident Scenarios Credible accident scenarios for the Installation have been divided into following categories according to the mode of release of Solvent, physical effects and the resulting damages:

. Pool fire (release of chemicals from a tank, forming a pool within the dyke/fire wall and catching fire) . Jet fire (leakage of chemicals from a tank/pipe/pump/joints and the products stream catching fire) . Spilled Product Fire . Unconfined Vapor Cloud Explosion (UVCE) as a secondary effect of above mentioned scenarios

7.6.4. Even tree analysis to define outcome of release ETA diagram for various modes of failures of storage tank/ pump/ pipe/ joints for storage of chemicals have been developed for conditions such as overfilling, over-pressure and remote incidents like missile, lightening or bomb attack and earthquake. The resultant ruptures of vessels or leak incidents have been identified with possible outcomes of such incidents. These are depicted in Figure 7.3.

Scenarios pertaining to leakage & spillage are most credible in such plant.

7.6.5. Short listing of mca scenarios Based on the hazard identification and comparing the nature of installation with that from past accidents in similar units, a final short list of MCA scenarios for the Installation has been made, which are given in following Table. These are the maximum credible accidents, which may occur, in the respective unit.

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Table 7-6Short Listing of MCA Scenarios for Plant S. N. Chemicals MCA Scenario Toluene Pool Fire, Spilled product Fire, Jet Fire, Tank on 1 Fire Acetone Pool Fire, Spilled product Fire, Jet Fire, Tank on 2 Fire Methanol Pool Fire, Spilled product Fire, Jet Fire, Tank on 3 Fire Ethyl Acetate Pool Fire, Spilled product Fire, Jet Fire, Tank on 4 Fire 5 Triethyl Amine Pool Fire, BELVE Denatural Sprit Pool Fire, Spilled product Fire, Jet Fire, Tank on 6 Fire Iso Propanol Pool Fire, Spilled product Fire, Jet Fire, Tank on 7 Fire 8 HSD Pool Fire, Spilled product Fire .

The above foreseen accident scenarios will have certain adverse effects on the nearby units/structures in the Installation which may lead to escalation of the accident further. Consequences of the entire above maximum credible accident scenarios have been analyzed in detail in the subsequent Heading 4: Consequence Analysis.

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Figure 7-1 Event Tree Analysis of failure of Atmospheric Storage tank of Flammable Liquids HAZARDS & DAMAGE CRITERIA OF MATERIALS

DEFINITIONS:

The release of flammable liquid can lead to different types of fire or explosion scenarios. These depend on the material released, mechanism of release, temperature and pressure of the material and the point of ignition. Types of flammable effects are as follows.

Hazards associated with Flammable materials a. Pool fire:

The released flammable material which is a liquid stored below its normal boiling point, will collect in a pool. The geometry of the pool will be dictated by the surroundings. If the liquid is stored under pressure above its normal boiling point, then a fraction of the liquid will flash into vapor and the remaining portion will form a pool in the vicinity of the release point. Once sustained combustion is achieved, liquid fires quickly reach steady state burning. The heat release rate is a function of the liquid surface area exposed to air. An unconfined spill will tend to have thin fuel depth (typically less than 5 mm) which will result in slower burning rates. A confined spill is limited by the boundaries (e.g. a dyke area) and the depth of the resulting pool is greater than that for an unconfined spill.

Page 206 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP b. Flash fire:

It occurs when a vapor cloud of flammable material burns. The cloud is typically ignited on the edge and burns towards the release point. The duration of flash fire is very short (seconds), but it may continue as jet fire if the release continues. The overpressures generated by the combustion are not considered significant in terms of damage potential to persons, equipment or structures. The major hazard from flash fire is direct flame impingement. Typically, the burn zone is defined as the area the vapor cloud covers out to half of the LFL. This definition provides a conservative estimate, allowing for fluctuations in modeling. Even where the concentration may be above the UFL, turbulent induced combustion mixes the material with air and results in flash fire. c. Jet Fire:

Jet flames are characterized as high-pressure release of gas from limited openings (e.g., due to small leak in a vessel or broken drain valve). Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) or fireball: A fireball is an intense spherical fire resulting from a sudden release of pressurized liquid or gas that is immediately ignited. The best-known cause of a fireball is a boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE). Fireball duration is typically 5 – 20 seconds d. Unconfined Vapor Cloud Explosion (UVCE)

Vapor Cloud can ignite and burn as deflagration or fire balls causing lot of damage by radiation starting secondary fires at some distance. Vapour Cloud ignites and explodes causing high over pressures and very heavy damage. The latter is termed as “Percussive unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion” i.e. PUVCE in short.

Various meteorological conditions (as mentioned above) have been considered for analyzing drifting & dilution of a vapor cloud, so that all probable consequences of a vapor cloud explosion can be foreseen. Worst come worst, there may be instantaneous release of the entire Solvent vapor present in the unit. If it comes in to contact of an ignition source during or immediately after the release or as in a case of backfire resulting in jet fire, it may lead to a BLEVE.

Otherwise, the second MCA scenario is drifting & dilution of a vapor cloud along the wind and then coming into contact of an ignition source (i.e., case of delayed ignition), leading to a VCE. This scenario is particularly important to identify unforeseen OFF-SITE emergencies. Two kinds of vapor release scenarios have been considered, i.e., instantaneous and continuous.

Continuous release:

Continuous release of a product occurs where the outflow of product is in small quantity form the inventory. This release will get dispersed in atmosphere after a period of time. For ignition of product, a particular mixture of product with air is required (mixture between lower & upper explosive limit of Solvent). For this precaution should be taken by Installation personnel’s, by installing Hydrocarbon Detector for a leak of Class A Slovent (We have recommended this point separately in recommendation heading).

Instantaneous Release:

As the vapor cloud drifts in the wind direction, it may explode depending on the quantity of Solvent present within flammability limits and availability of ignition source. Applying the pertinent models, quantity of Solvent within flammability limits for various downwind distances have been calculated for below mentioned wind conditions. These quantities of explosive vapor cloud are applied to further analyze the damage potential due to a vapor cloud explosion (VCE) for heat radiation.

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The catastrophic failure of vessel/Storage Tank is one of the major accidental scenarios whose effect is felt beyond plant boundary. The over pressure distance are shown in table. Over pressure remain largely unaffected by wind direction. The distances shown are for rupture of vessel filled up to its maximum capacity. The hazard distances indicated will be much lower if the Tank of solvent contain fewer inventory at the time of accidents.

7.7. Consequence analysis This chapter deals with the quantification of various effects of release of solvent on the surrounding area by means of mathematical models and internationally recognized Safety software.

It is intended to give an insight into how the physical effects resulting from the release of hazardous substances can be calculated by means of computerized models and how the vulnerability models can be used to translate the physical effects in terms of injuries and damage to exposed population & environment.

Table 7-7Mathematical and Analytical Model for Hazard Analysis Sr.No. Phenomenon Applicable Models 1 Outflows: Bernoulli flow equation; phase equilibria; multiphase Liquid, Two phase flow models; orifice/nozzle flow equations; gas laws; Mixtures, Gas/vapor critical flow criteria 2 Discharges:

Spreading liquid Spreading rate equation for non-penetrable surfaces based on cylindrical liquid pools

Vapor jets Turbulent free jet model

Flashing liquids Two zone flash vaporization model

Evaporation of liquids on land & Spreading, boiling & moving boundary heat transfer water models; Film & meta-stable boiling phenomenon; cooling of semi infinite medium 3 Dispersion:

Heavy Gas  Boundary dominated, stable stratified & positive dispersion models (similarity)  3D Models based on momentum, mass & energy conservation

Natural Gas Gaussian Dispersion models for naturally buoyant plumes

Atmospheric stability Boundary layer theory (turbulence), Gauss Ian distribution models 4 Heat Radiation:

Liquid pool fires Burning rate, heat radiation & incident heat correlation (semi imperial); Flame propagation behavior models

Fire jet dispersion model Jet fires API fire ball models relating surface heat flux of flame, Fire balls geometric view factor & transmission coefficients 5 Vulnerability: Likely damage Probit functions; Non-Stochastic vulnerability models

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First, attention is paid to the factors, which are decisive for the selection of the models to be used in a particular situation, after which the various effect models are discussed.

7.7.1. Factors which influence the use of physicAL EFFECT MODEL In order to calculate the physical effects of the incidental release of hazardous substances the following steps have been carried out in succession:

 Understanding of the form in which the hazardous substance is in existence (i.e. liquid of highly volatile nature)  Determination of the various ways in which the release can take place  Determination of the outflow volume or quantity (as a function of time) i.e. estimating rate of evaporation from the pool of liquid; Quantity of leaked or spilled Product along with pool size has been calculated. Finally, the analysis results in 2 computation of heat radiation intensity (KW/m ) with respect to distance for various MCA scenarios. In this analysis, final effect calculations have been made for pool fire for heat radiation intensity effects with respect to distance from dyke wall.

7.8. Models for Determining the Source Strength for The Release of Hazardous Substances Source strength of a release means the quantity of the substance released with respect to time. The release may be instantaneous or continuous. In case of instantaneous release, the strength of the source is given in kg whereas in continuous release source strength depends on the outflow time and expressed in kg/s. In order to find the source strength, it is first necessary to determine the state of a substance in a vessel or pipe along with physical properties, viz. vapor pressure & minimum ignition energy required. Phase of Solvent at the time of accidental release is also to be determined. This may be gas, gas condensed to liquid or liquid in equilibrium with its vapor.

7.8.1. Instantaneous Release In the event of the instantaneous release of a liquid a pool of liquid will form. The evaporation can be calculated on the basis of pool size, volatile nature of the product (i.e. vapor pressure) and meteorological conditions.

7.8.2. Semi-Continuous Outflow In the case of a semi continuous outflow, it is again first of all necessary to determine whether it is gas, a gas condensed to liquid or liquid that is flowing out. The following situations can occur here.

Gas Outflow:

The model with which the source strength is determined in the event of a gas outflow is based on the assumption that there is no liquid in the system.

Vapor Outflow:

If the outflow point is located above the liquid level, vapor outflow will occur. In the case of a gas compressed to liquid the liquid will start boiling as a result of the drop in pressure. The source strength of the out flowing vapor is a function of the pressure in the storage system and after the liquid has reached the boiling point at atmospheric pressure the temperature will remain constant.

Pressurized Liquefied Gas Outflow:

If the outflow point is located below the liquid level, liquid outflow will occur resulting in flash off. The outflow will generally be so violent that the liquid will be turned into drops as a result of the intensity of the evaporation. The remaining liquid, which is cooled down to boiling point, will start spreading on the ground and forms a pool. Evaporation will also take place from this pool, resulting in a second semi continuous vapor source.

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Liquid Outflow:

In case of liquid outflow, discharge due to overall head difference takes place.

Effects of Release

When hazardous material is released to atmosphere due to any reason, a vapor cloud is formed. Direct cloud formation occurs when a gaseous or flashing liquid escapes to the atmosphere. Release of toxic compounds to atmosphere may usually lead to the following:

1. Spillage of liquid hydrocarbons will result in a pool of liquid, which will evaporate taking heat from the surface, forming a flammable atmosphere above it. Ignition of this pool will result in pool fire causing thermal radiation hazards. 2. A fireball or BLEVE (Boiling Liquid expanding Vapor Explosion) occurs when a vessel containing a highly volatile liquid fails and the released large mass of vapor cloud gets ignited immediately. It has damage potential due to high intensity of radiation and generation of the overpressure waves, causing large scale damage to nearby equipment and structures. 3. Catastrophic failure of tanks/ pressurized vessels, rotary equipment and valves etc. can result in equipment fragments flying and hitting other equipment of the plant. 4. Release of toxic compounds results in the toxic vapour cloud traveling over long distances, affecting a large area, before it gets sufficiently diluted to harmless concentration in the atmosphere. 5. The material is in two phases inside the containment - liquid & vapor. Depending on the location of the leak liquid or vapor will be released from the containment. If vapor is released a vapor cloud will form by the mixing of the vapor and air. The size of the vapor cloud will depend on the rate of release, wind speed; wind direction & atmospheric stability will determine the dispersion and movement of the vapor cloud. 6. If liquid is released there will be some flashing as the boiling point of liquid is below the Ambient temperature. The vapor formed by immediate flashing will behave as vapors release. The liquid will fall on the ground forming a pool. There will be vaporization from the pool due to the heat gained from the atmosphere & ground. 7. There will be dispersion and movement of vapor cloud formed by evaporation of liquid The behavior of material released by loss of containment depends on the following factors: 1. Physical properties of the material

2. Conditions of material in containment (pressure and temperature)

3. Phase of material released (liquid or gas)

4. Inventory of material released

5. Weather parameters (temperature, humidity, wind speed, atmospheric stability)

6. Material with boiling point below ambient condition.

7.9. Model for Evaporation In application of evaporation models, Solvents is a case of volatile liquid. From the pool, which has formed, evaporation will take place as a result of the heat flow from the ground and solar radiation. The evaporation model only takes account of the heat flow from the ground since the heat resulting from solar radiation is negligibly small compared with the former. The evaporation rate depends on the kind of liquid and the kind of subsoil.

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7.10. Model for Dispersion The gas or vapor released either instantaneously or continuously will be spread in the surrounding area under the influence of the atmospheric turbulence. In the case of gas dispersion, a distinction is required to be made between neutral gas dispersion and heavy gas dispersion.

The concentrations of the gas released in the surrounding area can be calculated by means of these dispersion models. These concentrations are important for determining the nature of accidents for example an explosive gas cloud formation injury will occur in the case of toxic gases.

Heavy Gas Dispersion Model

If the gas density is higher than that of air due to higher molecular weight or marked cooling, it will tend to spread in a radial direction because of gravity. This results in a "gas pool" of a particular height and diameter. As a result of this, in contrast to a neutral gas, the gas released may spread against the direction of the wind.

7.11. Modelfor HeatLoad sndShock Waves

7.11.1. Model for Flare If an out-flowing gas forms a cloud with concentrations between the lower and upper explosion limit and ignition takes place, a torch occurs. A model with which the length of a torch and the thermal load for the surrounding area can be calculated, assumes an elliptic shaped torch. The volume of the flare in this model is proportional to the outflow.

In order to calculate the thermal load, flare is regarded as a point source located at the center of the flare. This center is taken as being half a flare length from the point of outflow.

7.11.2. Model for Pool Fire The heat load on objects outside a burning pool of liquid can be calculated with the heat radiation model. This model uses average radiation intensity, which is dependent on the liquid. Account is also taken of the diameter- to-height ratio of the fire, which depends on the burning liquid. In addition, the heat load is also influenced by the following factors:

* Distance from the fire

* Relative humidity (water vapor has relatively high heat absorbing capacity)

* The orientation i.e. horizontal/vertical of the object irradiated with respect to the fire

7.12. Vulnerability Model Vulnerability models or dose response relations, which are used in order to determine how people are injured by exposure to heat load or a toxic dose. Such models are designed on the basis of animal experiments or on the basis of the analysis of injuries resulting from accidents, which have occurred. Vulnerability models often make use of a probit function. In a probit function a link is made between the load and the percentage of people exposed who suffer a particular type of injury. The probit function is represented as follows:

Pr = k1 + k2ln V

Pr= Probit, a measure for the percentage of people exposed who incur a particular injury k1 = A constant depending on the type of injury and type of load

Page 211 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP k2 = A constant depending on the type of load

V = Load or dose

7.12.1. Injuries resulting from flammable liquids and gases In the case of flammable liquids and gases and immediate ignition a pool fire or a flare will occur depending on the conditions. The injuries in this case are mainly caused by heat radiation.

7.12.2. Damage models for heat radiation It is assumed that everyone inside the area covered by the fire ball, a torch, a burning pool or gas cloud will be burned to death or will asphyxiate. The following Probit functions are an example of a method, which can be used to calculate the percentage of lethality, and first-degree burns that will occur at a particular thermal load and period of exposure of an unprotected body.

Lethality: Pr = -36.83 + 2.56 ln (t.q4/3)

First degree burn symptoms: Pr = -39.83 + 3.0186 in (t.q4/3)

In which, t = exposure time in seconds and;

q = thermal load W/m2

Two values have been chosen for the exposure time to heat radiation:

* 10 seconds: for exposed persons in populated area it is assumed that they will have found protection from the heat radiation e.g. from a wall, within 10 seconds

* 30 seconds: this pessimistic assumption applies if people do not run away immediately or when no protection is available

7.12.3. Summary of damage criteria Damage Criteria:

Damage estimates due to thermal radiations and overpressure have been arrived at by taking in to consideration the published literature on the subject. The consequences can then be visualized by the superimposing the damage effects zones on the proposed plan site and identifying the elements within the project site as well as in the neighboring environment, which might be adversely affected, should one or more hazards materialize in real life.

Thermal Damage:

The effect of thermal radiation on people is mainly a function of intensity of radiation and exposure time. The effect is expressed in terms of the probability of death and different degrees of burn. The following tables give the effect of various levels of heat flux.

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Table 7-8Fatal Radiation Exposure Levels

Table 7-9 Detils of damage due to radiation

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Table 7-10Overpressure Damage

7.13. Result of maximum credible accident analysis (Mca) The maximum credible accident scenarios for the M/s Shalini Organics have been identified and listed in Table 11. Following is the accident potential and the likely damage for the identified accident scenarios.

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Table 7-11 Damage Distances Due to Spilled/Pool Product Fire Scenario, Jet Fire, BLEAVE Fireball of tank Rupture/failure, Leak from hole in tank Methanol Storage Tank Heat Radiation Intensity Jet Fire Pool Fire Tank on fire (Kw/m2) 37.5 Kw/m2 for first Isopleth 7.95 M 33.06 M 2.02 25 Kw/m2 for Second Isopleth 9.89 M 40.56 M 2.02 12.5 Kw/m2 for Third Isopleth 13.74 M 57.67 M 2.52 4 Kw/m2 for fourth Isopleth 24.98 M 102.86 M 5.02 Toluene Storage Tank Heat Radiation Intensity Jet Fire Pool Fire Tank on fire (Kw/m2) 37.5 Kw/m2 for first Isopleth 7.00 42.42 2.01 25 Kw/m2 for Second Isopleth 9.01 52.45 2.5 12.5 Kw/m2 for Third Isopleth 12.50 73.56 3.52 4 Kw/m2 for fourth Isopleth 22.65 130.73 6.71 Acetone Storage Tank Heat Radiation Intensity Jet Fire Pool Fire Tank on fire (Kw/m2) 37.5 Kw/m2 for first Isopleth 14.19 1.92 2.01 25 Kw/m2 for Second Isopleth 17.69 2.92 3.21 12.5 Kw/m2 for Third Isopleth 25.19 5.42 6.51 4 Kw/m2 for fourth Isopleth 45.19 8.92 10.51 Ethyl Acetate Storage Tank Heat Radiation Intensity Jet Fire Pool Fire Tank on fire (Kw/m2) 37.5 Kw/m2 for first Isopleth 15.62 37.95 1.90 25 Kw/m2 for Second Isopleth 19.12 46.95 2.90 12.5 Kw/m2 for Third Isopleth 26.62 66.45 5.40 4 Kw/m2 for fourth Isopleth 47.62 117.45 8.90 Denatured Sprit Storage Tank Heat Radiation Intensity Jet Fire Pool Fire Tank on fire (Kw/m2) 37.5 Kw/m2 for first Isopleth 13.67 19.79 2.01 25 Kw/m2 for Second Isopleth 16.78 24.29 -- 12.5 Kw/m2 for Third Isopleth 23.69 34,29 -- 4 Kw/m2 for fourth Isopleth 41.76 60.36 3.01 Triethyl Amine HSD Drum Heat Radiation Intensity Pool Fire BLEVE Pool Fire (Kw/m2) 37.5 Kw/m2 for first Isopleth 1.55 48.18 4.56 25 Kw/m2 for Second Isopleth -- 64.18 5.56 12.5 Kw/m2 for Third Isopleth 2.54 80.01 7.56 4 Kw/m2 for fourth Isopleth 4.04 98.18 13.56

Conclusion:

Based on the unsafe distances identified by the software output file, the MCLS (maximum credible loss scenario) for the factory works out to about 130.74 meter considering pool fire scenario for Toluene with 4.0 kW/ (Sq. m) impact in the environment.

The scenario considered for assessing the impact by quantitative risk assessment was taken from standard guideline.

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The probability of occurrence of the scenario is very less. The Disaster management plan highlights the suggestive measures to be taken during the occurrence of such an accident.

7.14. Catagorization risk based on above identifies mca’s Based on ranking of likelihood and frequencies, each identified hazard has been evaluated based on the likelihood of occurrence and the magnitude of consequences. The significance of the risk is expressed as the product of likelihood and the consequence of the risk event, expressed as follows:

Significance = Likelihood X Consequence.

The Table 12 below illustrates all possible product results for the five likelihood and consequence categories while the Table 13 assigns risk significance criteria. Depending on the position of the intersection of a column with a row in the risk matrix, hazard prone activities have been classified as low, medium and high thereby qualifying for a set of risk reduction / mitigation strategies.

Table 7-12Risk Matrix Likelihood → Frequent Probable Remote Not Likely Improbable 5 4 3 2 1 Catastrophic 5 25 20 15 10 5 Major 4 20 16 12 8 4 Moderate 3 15 12 9 6 3 Minor 2 10 8 6 4 2 Insignificant 1 5 4 3 2 1

Consequence Consequence → Table 7-13Risk Criteria and Action Requirements Risk Significance Criteria Definition & Action Requirements “Risk requires attention” – HSE Management need to ensure that necessary High (16 - 25) mitigation are adopted to ensure that possible risk remains within acceptable limits “Risk is tolerable” – HSE Management needs to adopt necessary measures to Medium (10 – 15) prevent any change/modification of existing risk controls and ensure implementation of all practicable controls. “Risk is acceptable” – Identified risks are managed by well-established controls and Low (5 – 9) routine processes/procedures. Implementation of additional controls can be considered. “Risk is acceptable” – All risks are managed by well-established controls and routine Very Low (1 – 4) processes/procedures. Additional risk controls need not to be considered

Risk category as per incidents mentioned as per below:

Table 7-14Categorization of Risk as per Identified MCA Scenarios Risk Sr.No. Risk Source Category 1 Spilled product Fire Low 2 Pool Fire Intermediate 3 Unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion Intermediate Spillage of product when road tanker meets with an accident enroute resulting in 4 Low fire Storage tank hit by a flying object/under fire due to some explosion in close 5 Intermediate vicinity areas

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7.15. Analysis for propensity towards predicted consequences Risk of operation of any activity involving hazardous chemicals consists of the following two elements:

Consequences of certain unwanted event & Propensity that these consequences will occur. Propensity or likelihood of the predicted consequence for the Installation will depend upon the following items:

Propensity of the Installation towards occurrence of initiating event. Propensity that the designed counter measures provided in the Installation would fail. Propensity of certain consequence of an accident.

7.15.1. Possibility of fire & it’S propagation Primarily there could be fire (ignition of spilled or leaked Product), flare (jet fire) or pool fire in the Installation. Pool fire is possible at the tank farm only whereas fire and flare are possible at any pipeline containing Chemicals, Storage yard, Pump and Road Tank Truck.

7.15.2. Spilled Product fire The Product may get spilled and come in contact with a potential ignition source. In this case, it will catch fire. Extent of fire will depend on quantity of Chemicals (Toluene, Acetone, Methanol, Ethyl Acetate, Denatural Spirit, Triethyl Amine) released and profile of the surface on which it has been spilled. Such fire may also cause fire in the nearby flammable/combustible material, if any. This type of fire must be extinguished immediately and propagation of fire should be stopped.

7.15.3. Jet fire in Pipeline/product pump house/tank farm/tt decanting area/tank truck If there is a leakage in the pipeline and there is availability of any ignition source, jet fire may occur. In such cases the leaked product may travel up to the ignition source and the fire may travel back to the place of leakage or the leaked Product may catch fire at the place of leakage itself. Considering the worst possible case, such a jet fire may cause direct damage up to 10 to 35 m for a leak size of 2 to 5 cm diameter and Product being released with the head of 5 to 10 m. The flame impingement and may cause further damage.

In this case also there would be sufficient time available for the persons to come out from the affected area, if any. In such cases isolating the affected pipeline should be given first priority than extinguishing the fire. The affected equipment (being heated by the heat) should be kept cool with flow of water from monitor/hydrant.

7.15.4. Propensity of the Installation towards occurance of such initiating event The event could be a single component failure, for example, leakage of product from pipeline or any equipment or any tank. To evaluate this aspect for the Plant, Hazard and Operability Studies (HAZOP) has to be carried out.

7.15.5. Propensity of failure of the designed counter measures Upon occurrence of the initiating event, certain designed counter measures in the Installation would start functioning for example isolation of the affected area from other areas by the personnel by closing the valves to restrict the quantity of escaping chemicals; on hearing the emergency alarm the emergency team would immediately start functioning and take the necessary action to restrict or limit the damage. On the contrary these counter measures may fail also. Therefore, a lot would depend on response of the emergency team. Hazards & Operability Studies, (HAZOP) needs to be carried out to evaluate this aspect in detail.

7.15.6. Propoensity of a certain consequence of an accident Any initiating event would take place first, there after the designed counter measures would attempt to limit the effects of the initiating event. Such deviations from the intended operation may lead to an accident. In reality,

Page 217 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP accident scenario and severity of the consequences will depend on type of product leaked, quantity of the product leaked, location of the incident (tank farm/pumps/T/T plate form), availability of ignition source, response of emergency systems and emergency team, weather conditions (wind velocity & direction), etc. Further propensity of being killed or injured would also depend on the aspects like time of accident and number of people in damage area at that time.

7.15.7. Probability estimation for occurance of mca scenario Applying equipment failure rate data and ignition probability data probability values have been estimated for consequences of various MCA scenarios, which are as follows:

For the following accident scenarios the categorization is as follows, which is inferred on the basis of past accident analysis, information & approach provided in Green Book & Purple Book of EFFECTS, TNO:

Table 7-15Probability of Occurrences of Identified MCA Scenarios Sr.No. Categorization Probability Range 1 Low < 10-3 To< or = 10-4 per year 2 Very Low < 10-4 To< or = 10-6 per year 3 Extremely Low < 10-6 per year on wards Table 7-16The probabilities for various accident scenarios have been estimated Sr.No. Accident Scenario Probability 1 Spilled Product catching fire Very Low (about 10-5 per year) Jet Fire in Pipeline/Product Pumps/Tank Farm /TT Very Low (about 10-5 per year) 2 Decanting Area/Tank Truck 3 Pool Fire in solvents in Main Tank farm Very Low (about 10-6 per year) Vapor Cloud Explosion due to major release of Class A Extremely Low (about 10-8 per year) 4 product from storage unit

7.16. Uncertainty surrounding consequence analysis Analytical and mathematical models employed in quantification of damage distances are based on many considerations, which have been discussed earlier.

In many cases, very general data is available on component and equipment failures, for which statistical accuracy is often poor. Probability data has been found quite subjective, so that, when combined in a fault tree or event tree the incident frequencies thus computed may not have a higher confidence range. Furthermore, it is difficult to infer the comparison between frequencies of two catastrophic events, for example propensity of 10-4 and 10-5 per annum.

7.17. Alarp principle ALARP stands for "as low as reasonably practicable". The ALARP principle is that the residual risk shall be as low as reasonably practicable. It has particular connotation as a route to reduce risks SFAIRP (so far as is reasonably practicable) in UK Health and Safety law. For a risk to be ALARP it must be possible to demonstrate that the cost involved in reducing the risk further would be grossly disproportionate to the benefit gained. The ALARP principle arises from the fact that infinite time, effort and money could be spent on the attempt of reducing a risk to zero. It should not be understood as simply a quantitative measure of benefit against detriment. It is more a best common practice of judgment of the balance of risk and societal benefit. Following figure shows ALARP diagram.

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IRPA Fundamental improvements needed. Intolerable Only to be considered if there are no alternatives and people are well informed 10-3/yr Too high, significant effort required to improve 10-4/yr The ALARP or Tolerable High, investigate alternatives region (Risk is tolerated only)

10-5/yr Low, consider cost-effective alternatives Broadly Acceptable region (no need for detailed working to 10-6/yr demonstrate ALARP) Negligible, maintain normal precautions

NOTE- A risk of 10 per million per year or 10-5/Year; effectively means that any person standing at a point of this level of risk would have a 1 in 100 000 chance of being fatally injured per year.

From table No. 15, it can be seen that, the probability / frequency of occurrence of Pool Fire due to catastrophic failure of Storage tank structure is 1 x 10-6, and VCE is 1 x 10-8 per Year. Hence, as per ALARP Principle, the risk is coming under “Broadly Acceptable region” which require maintaining normal precautions within the Installation area.

Risk Assessment Criteria: In order to determine acceptability, the risk results are assessed against a set of risk criteria as per UK HSE criteria.

UK HSE criteria: Following points detail the UK HSE guidelines:

An individual risk below 1 x 10-6 fatalities per year is considered as acceptable for both plant workers and public. An individual risk above 1 x 10-4 fatalities per year for public is considered as unacceptable and an individual risk above 1 x 10-3 fatalities per year for workers is considered unacceptable. Between these limits the risk is considered as ALARP (As Low as Reasonably Practicable). An indication of this is shown in the below figure

Societal risk can be represented by FN curves, which are plots of the cumulative frequency (F) of various accident scenarios against the number (N) of casualties associated with the modelled incidents. The plot is cumulative in the sense that, for each frequency, N is the number of casualties that could be equaled or exceeded.

Often ‘casualties’ are defined in a risk assessment as fatal injuries, in which case N is the number of people that could be killed by the incidents.

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Individual Risk Criteria

The UK HSE Individual Risk Criteria was considered to assess the risk for Plant. Individual risk above 10-3 per annum for any person shall be considered intolerable and fundamental risk reduction improvements are required.

Risk criteria for Individual Risk for on-site are as follows:

Individual risk levels above 1 x 10-3 per year will be considered unacceptable and will be reduced, irrespective of cost

Individual risk levels below 1 x 10-6 per year will be broadly acceptable

Risk levels between 1 x 10-3 and 1 x 10-6 per year will be reduced to levels as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). That is the risk within this region is tolerable only of further risk reduction is considered impracticable because the cost required to reduce the risk is grossly disproportionate to the improved gained

Societal Risk Criteria When considering the risk associated with a major hazard facility, the risk to an individual is not always an adequate measure of total risks; the number of the individuals at risk is also important. Catastrophic incidents with the potential multiple fatalities have a little influence on the level of risk but have a disproportionate effect on the response of society and impact of company reputation.

The concept of societal risk is much more than that for individual risk. A number of factors are involved which make it difficult to determine single value criteria for application to a number of different situations. These factors include;

- The hazard, the consequential risks and the consequential benefits

- The nature of assessment

- Factors of importance to the company, government, regulators and authorities, public attitudes and perception and aversion to major accident

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Societal risk is the relationship between frequency of an event and the number of people affected. Societal risk from a major hazard facility can thus be expressed as the relationship between the number of potential fatalities N following a major accident and frequency F at which N fatalities are predicated to occur. The relationship between F and N, and the corresponding relationship involving F, the cumulative frequency of events causing N or more fatalities, are usually presented graphically on log-log axis.

Societal risk should not be confused as being the risk to society or the risk as being perceived by society. The word “societal” is merely used to indicate a group of people and societal risk refers to the frequency of multiple fatality incidents, which includes workers and the public. Societal risk is usually represented by an FN (Frequency – Number of Fatality) curve.

Figure 7-2 FN Curve

The highest frequency is found to be 1E-05/ year associated to Three (3) fatalities and the maximum number of fatalities is Thirteen (13) with frequency of 4E-06/ year. F-N results, concludes that the Societal Risk falls in the ALARP region.

Conclusion for IR/SR

1 Individual Risk (IR) The IR value throughout the plant estimated is 4.5E-05 per year, which is in ALARP region. 2 Expected Number of Fatalities (PLL) The estimated overall Potential Loss of Life (PLL) for the plant population is estimated 7E-05 per year. 3 Societal Risk (F-N Curve) The F-N curves show that societal risk for the overall population considered mostly falls in the ALARP region (10-4 to 10-5).

NOTE - A risk of 10 per million per year, or 10-5/Year, effectively means that any person standing at a point of this level of risk would have a 1 in 100 000 chance of being fatally injured per year.

7.17.1. Mitigation/preventive measures for mca scenarios In order to mitigate/prevent any minor incident from becoming a major accident following measures along with Onsite and if required Offsite Emergency (Disaster) Management Plan should be followed:

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Spillage in tank area: small leakage through tank valves/joints will take a form of spillage if not identified immediately. If this spillage gets on contact with ignition source will take a form of fire and lead to an accident. In order to prevent it from becoming a major accident, stop the operation immediately. Remove the spillage with proper corrective method from that area. REMOVE SPILLED PRODUCT using Sand or Fire Extinguishers (By Spreading Foam Solution). Do not touch or walk through spilled material, stop leak if possible. Use water spray to reduce vapor, do not put water directly on leak or spill area. And if ignition of spilled product takes place necessary emergency procedure must be followed as soon as possible to avoid damage to other property due to secondary effect accidents. For small spillage, flush area with flooding amounts of water. Pool Fire in tank farm Area: Failure of outlet valve of tanks or any one of valve will lead to leakage of product. This will form a pool inside tank farm area if not identified immediately. This pool if comes in contact with an ignition source will lead to a major accident. In order to mitigate it, stop the operation immediately. Be ready will all firefighting equipments at the site. Start sprinkler system to cool the surrounding tanks. Immediately follow both onsite and offsite emergency plan. Tank on Fire: For preventing tank on fire, cool the surrounding tanks by means of sprinkler system and foam system. Bring all firefighting equipments at the site and start fighting with fire following proper onsite emergency plan. Unconfined Vapor Cloud Explosion: UVCE is a secondary domino effect. Vapors releasing into atmosphere are not in so much quantity that it lead to an explosion. For an ignition, a proper mixture of fuel to air is required, if this mixture between UEL & LEL comes in contact with an ignition source, it will lead to an explosion. In order to prevent it, immediately stop the leakage from the source by identifying it. For this, it is recommended to install hydrocarbon Detector in Pump House area, Tank Farm area and TT Gantry area (we have separately recommended this point in recommendation heading 4.

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Figure 7-3 Pool Fire Scenario for Methanol Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-4 Jet Fire Scenario for Methanol Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-5 Tank on fire Scenario for Methanol Tanks Enclosed in Tank Farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-6 Pool Fire Scenario for Toluene Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-7 Jet Fire Scenario for Toluene Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-8 Tank on fire Scenario for Toluene Tanks Enclosed in Tank Farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-9 Pool Fire Scenario for Acetone Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-10 Jet Fire Scenario for Acetone Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-11 Tank on fire Scenario for Acetone Tanks Enclosed in Tank Farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-12: Pool Fire Scenario for Ethyl Acetate Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-13 Jet Fire Scenario for Ethyl Acetate Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-14 Tank on fire Scenario for Ethyl Acetate Tanks Enclosed in Tank Farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-15 Pool Fire Scenario for Denatured Sprit Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-16 Jet Fire Scenario for Denatured Sprit Tanks Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-17 Tank on fire Scenario for Denatured Sprit Tanks Enclosed in Tank Farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-18 Pool Fire Scenario for Triethyl amine drum Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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Figure 7-19 Damage Distances Due to BLEVE Fire ball in Triethyl Amine

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Figure 7-20 Pool Fire Scenario for HSD drum Enclosed in Tank farm Area showing Damage Distances for considered Heat Intensities

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7.17.2. Recommendations  The periodic inspection and maintenance program on the tank would be ensured.  The periodic maintenance of the pumps and piping would be ensured.  Least number of flanged joints will be provided in the pipelines.  The pipelines will be supported adequately so as to avoid sagging of the same during operation.  Visual inspection of the pipelines will be done periodically to ascertain external pitting and corrosion.  Protective painting on the tank and pipeline shall be provided.  Protective equipment such as gloves, lab coat, vapor respirator, splash goggles shall be ensured while handling the substance.  Prominent signage of hazards (such as “Danger”, No smoking”) of the substances shall be provided on the tank and surroundings  The tank installation will be protected against lightening.  All Electric Equipment & Fittings (e.g. Pump-motors, lamps, junction boxes, switches etc.) shall be of Flame-proof Type, conforming to IS/IEC 60079 i.e. old IS 2148:1981, suitable for GR. II A/II B and shall be of type approved by the CCoE.  Earthing is to be provided to the storage area for dealing with the static charges that might generate during the loading and unloading of the solvents.  Provision of sand buckets, foam monitor, fire extinguishers & hydrant line near PESO area were made available.  Appropriate drainage with the slope of 2 % is provided to remove small and large spillage of the chemicals.  Provision of spill kit is provided to deal with the minor spillage scenario.  Permission of Joint Chief Controller (explosives), West circle is obtained  Solvent storage is constructed of non combustible materials.  The secondary containment is provided and is kept clean and free from any accumulation of inflammable liquids.  The storage shed is ventilated near the ground level and also near the roof. The ventilators are covered with two layers of fine copper or non corrodible metal wire gauge of mesh not less than 11 meshes per linear cm.  No alteration is carried out without written permission of licensed authority.  The safety distance of 7.5mtr is kept from the shed.  All the empty receptacles are kept securely closed unless they have been thoroughly cleaned.  The suitable extinguishers (DCP) are kept immediately outside the storage shed.  Daily inventory of Solvent is to be maintained.  The chemicals are isolated from another chemical in well ventilated area and hazard warning information is shown.  SOP is prepared for handling such chemicals and it should be strictly followed.  Spill kit is provided for storage to limit the spill of materials. Suitable Absorbent like sodium bi carbonate is used to absorb the spill.  Proper training is provided to workers prior to handling and transporting chemicals.  PPE’s like face shield, goggles, apron, gloves, gumboots are used while handling the chemicals to avoid exposure to chemicals.

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 The raw materials are stored according to their compatibility.  Toxic materials are stored in cool place and kept away from heat.  Toxic material can cause breathing difficulty therefore storage area is well ventilated.  Good housekeeping practice is implemented in storage area.  Appropriate drainage with the slope of 2 % is provided to remove small and large spillage of the chemicals.  The provision of fire water supply is provided through the hydrant line passing from the raw material storage area  PPE’s are used wherever necessary.  MSDS recommendations are strictly followed while chemical storage and handling

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8. PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1. Introduction This chapter illustrates beneficial points to the surrounding community or country as a whole in terms of infrastructural development, social development, boosting employment and other tangible benefits due to proposed API’s products manufacturing plant by M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt Ltd.

8.2. Improvement in Physical Infrastructure M/s. Shalini Organics Chemical Pvt. Ltd. has proposed to manufacturing of API and API Intermediate. Total production capacity of the plant will be API= 6 Nos., Capacity = 112 MT/Month and API Intermediate = 43 Nos., Capacity =1171MT/Month Total Capacity= 1283 MT/Month. The project will have requirement of an infrastructure; so direct benefits of infrastructure development is anticipated.

The project proposes employment generation to local people which will help to increase the income of local people & improve their living standard. Total 60 persons are expected to be employed including skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled category in the proposed unit for the various job categories. The preference will be given to local population for employment in the semi-skilled and unskilled category; this will increase the employment opportunity in the surrounding area hence, with the growth in the economic conditions, the project may lead to growth in the social status & improvement of the quality of life in the surrounding area. It will also help in improvement in local amenities. Thus, the project will have considerable indirect benefits to the public physical infrastructures.

8.3. Direct Revenue Earning to the National & State Exchequer The proposed project will contribute revenue to the Central & State exchequer in the form of Goods & Services Tax {GST}, income tax, corporate taxes etc. Indirect contribution to the Central & State exchequer will be there due to Income by way of registration of trucks, payment of road tax, income tax from individuals as well as taxes from associated units. Thus, the proposed project will help the Government by paying different taxes from time to time, which is a part of revenue and thus, will help in developing the area.

8.4. Employment Potential In the construction phase, direct and indirect manpower will be involved. Thus temporary and permanent employment will be generated during construction phase. The proposed manpower requirement during construction will be 10-20 nos. During the operation phase, 60 nos. of skilled and unskilled manpower will be required. Moreover, unit will provide first priority to local workers for the employment. Further, the indirect employment via increased transportation, ancillary units & local economic activities will also add in the employment potential of the project. Thus, the unit will result in considerable benefits in terms of employment.

8.5. Other Tangible Benefits The proposed project is likely to have other tangible benefits as given below.

 Indirect employment opportunities to local people in contractual works like housing construction, transportations, sanitation, for supply of goods and services to the project and other community services.

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 Market and business establishment facilities  Improvement in Cultural, recreation and aesthetic facilities  Improvement in communication, transport, education, community development and medical facilities.  The project will contribute additional revenue to the State and Central exchequer in the form different kind of taxes.

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9. ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

As per EIA Notification 2006, this Chapter of the ‘Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis’ is applicable only if it is recommended at the Scoping stage. As per the standard ToR issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide File No IA-J-11011/281/2020-IA-II(I) on dated 27.11.2020, the Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis is not applicable and hence has not been prepared.

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10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1. Introduction The environmental management plan consists of the set of mitigation, management, monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and operation to eliminate adverse environmental impacts or reduce them to acceptable levels. The present environmental management plan addresses the components of environmental affected during construction of the plant and by the different activities forming part of the manufacturing processes.

Environmental Policy

i. Overall conservation of environment. ii. Minimization of waste generation and pollution. iii. Judicious use of natural resources and water. iv. Safety, welfare and good health of the work force and populace. v. Ensure effective operation of all control measures. vi. Vigilance against probable disasters and accidents. vii. Monitoring of cumulative and long-time impacts. viii. Ensure effective operation of all control measures. Annual review of the entire system and various environment management as well as process control and monitoring systems shall be done. Environment monitoring shall be done to collect the data on air, water, soil, noise etc. and duly recorded. Environmental Management Plan which shall be implemented is detailed under the following heads:

i. Pollution Control Systems ii. Waste Minimization and Resource Conservation iii. Occupational Health and Safety iv. Socio-Economic Development v. Greenbelt Development Plan Standard operating procedure, formats will be developed and records will be maintained. Provision of internal audit will be made. Any NCs/Observation will be directly conveyed to Management and accordingly corrective and preventive action will be taken.

10.2. Environmental management plan during Construction Phase Construction phase results in temporary environmental pollution except for the permanent change in local land use pattern & aesthetics in certain cases. Such pollution is mainly due to site preparation, civil works, transportation, storage & handling of construction materials, construction worker’s sanitation etc. These are usually short-term impacts. The project proponent will take appropriate steps to control pollution during construction phase.

10.2.1. 10.2.1 Air and Noise Environment During construction work, air pollution is expected in the form of increased suspended particulate matter concentration. Installation work will generate noise and dust, but it will be within working areas. Vehicular movement in the premises will also generate dust.

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To mitigate the impact, following measures will be taken:  Regular sprinkling of the water will be done.  Regular preventing maintenance of machinery and transportation vehicles will be carried out.  Provision of silencer to noise generating machines, if required, and  Noise protection devices such as earmuffs/earplugs will be provided to workers working in noisy area.

10.2.2. Water supply & sanitation During construction phase, water will be provided to workers for their requirement & for construction activity. Water supply will be met from surface water source. Portable sanitation facilities will be provided to maintain proper standards of hygiene. These facilities would preferably be connected to a septic tank and shall be maintained properly to have least environmental impact.

10.2.3. Socio-Economic Environment The proposed manpower requirement during construction will be 20-30nos. Unit will give preference to local people through both direct andindirect employment.

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10.2.4. Health and Safety Adequate rest area will be provided to the construction workers, truck drivers. The safety department will supervise the safe working of the contractor and their employees. Work spots will be maintained clean, provided with optimum lighting and enough ventilation to eliminate dust.

10.3. Environmental Management during the Operational Phase EMP proposed for implementation is detailed under the following heads:  Air Pollution Management  Wastewater Management  Solid/Hazardous Waste Management  Noise Management  Greenbelt Development  Occupational Safety and Health  Implementation of EMP and monitoring programme

10.3.1. Air Pollution Management

10.3.1.1. Source of Air Pollution and Control Measures Flue gas emission will be from stacks attached with 1no. of boiler (2 TPH), one stack attached to Thermic Fluid Heater (2.0 lakhs kcal/hr.) and two stack attached to stand by D.G. Set (2x 250 kVA). Briquette will be used as a fuel in Boiler and TFH and HSD in stand by D.G. Set. Most probable pollutants will be SPM, SO2 and NOx. Cyclone, Bag Filter and water scrubber will be installed for control of PM (Particulate Matter).

Process emission will be from stack attached with process vessel. Probable pollutants will be PM, SO2, NOx. To control pollutants, Alkali Scrubbers will be installed for process emission; whereas in-built Bag Filter and Cyclone & water scrubber will be installed as APCM for vent of drying equipment.

Furthermore, adequate stack height and facility for sampling such as ladder, platform & sampling point will be provided as per the MPCB guidelines.

Action plan for control of fugitive emission

Unit will adopt following measures to control fugitive emission-

 Entire process will be carried out in closed reactors,  Pneumatically transfer of liquid raw material in rector,  Provision of mechanical seals in pumps  Proper preventive maintenance of seals for tanks,  Raw material will be stored in the covered structure,  Provision of dust suppression system (water sprinklers) to control air borne dust,  Fly ash will be stored in covered sheds only,  Internal road will be concreted or paved to reduce the fugitive emission during vehicular movement,  Greenbelt will be developed around the plant,

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 Frequent work area monitoring will be done ensure fugitive emissions level.

10.3.1.2. Measures for Solvent recovery The solvent distillation activity is carried out for the minimizing the raw material cost & to reduce use of fresh solvent in the process. The solvent recovery flow diagram as per follows:

Distillation column will be installed for the recovery of solvent. The unit shall be equipped with stainless steel reactor, Stainless Steel packed column, Stainless Steel condensers, Stainless Steel receivers and Stainless Steel collection tanks. The spent solvents from various processes shall be collected as mother liquor from Production & will be sent for solvent recovery system. The distilled solvent shall be reused for the reaction. The remaining spent residue will be send to disposal through Common Hazardous Waste Treatment storage and Disposal facility (CHWTSDF). Adequate Firefighting system is provided to cover the entire solvent recovery plant. The details of solvent used, solvent recovered and fresh makeup etc. are given in Annexure 2 (ii) Detailed Manufacturing process of all products.

10.3.1.3. Odour Control Plan Odour control outlines the methods by which odour emission will be systematically be assessed,reduced and prevented potentially from the plant. Odour management will be done by followingmethods;

 Removal of odour from collection air stream; effective air cleaning technologies like scrubbers, bioreactors  Green belt development; can help to mitigate or obfuscate the odour problem  Reduction of odour at generation source: this is most effective way of controlling odour. This is done by storing volatile material in closed container to prevent volatile emissionand carrying out chemical reaction in a closed chamber.

10.3.2. Water Environment Unit will satisfy its fresh water requirement from Surface water of MIDC water supply. Total water requirement (Industrial + Domestic + Greenbelt) will be 246.0 KLD; out of which 73.0 KLD will be fresh water requirement & 135.0 KLD will be recycle/treated water (ETP-RO permeate, Condensate water from MEE). Total industrial wastewater generation will be 136.1 KLD. The main source of the industrial wastewater generation will be from process (115.0 KLD), Washing (0.5 KLD), scrubber (1.6 KLD) Boiler (3.8 KLD) & Cooling (5.5 KLD), others (9.7), Domestic wastewater generation will be 9.0 KLD.

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Effluent Management

1. Effluent is categorized as LCOD and HCOD based on COD value in terms of mg/Lit 2. Value more than 5000 mg/Lit is considered as LCOD and above as HCOD. 3. The corresponding streams of effluent are segregated and then sent for treatment to respective unit. 4. HCOD/ HTDS IS Treated in evaporation system. The unit has 3 no different units combined together. Stripper column, MEE and ATFD. Condensate is pumped to RO with appropriate Capacity of RO or sent to ETP biological treatment along with LCOD/LTDS effluent. [ If COD /TDS within limit ]. 5. LCOD/LTDS is treated in ETP for biological treatment. Pretreated effluent shall be stored in a holding tank and then pumped to RO for further treatment. Descriptionof Treatment: The total water requirement is 246 KL. Waste water generated from plant premises will be 145 KL Out of this 115 KLD will be high COD. [Manufacturing Process] and 21 KLD Will be from washings, laboratory usage, floor cleaning, equipment cleaning, product washing and utensils washings. Boiler / cooling tower blow down etc. 9 KLD from domestic over flow from septic tank. [Treated separately in STP as outlined below] This waste water shall be pumped into above ground level tank for storage and neutralization of HCOD. LCOD effluent then routed to Zero liquid discharge facility in plant premises. All treatment tanks will be constructed and installed above ground level with proof lining. HTDS/ HCOD will be sent to MEE system with stripper column followed by ATFD [Agitated thin film dryer] The condensate from MEE/ATFD and LTDS/ LCOD effluents willbe sentto either Biological ETP or recycled to MEE/ATFD. After pretreatment the effluent will be sent to RO system Permeate from RO system 70-75% shallbe recycled and Reject shall be back to MEE system or can be transferred to ETP biological treatment. Salts collected from ATFD system will be collected and sent to CHWTSDF for safe disposal. Effluent Management and ZLD system: The effluent management system shall be developed to ensure ZLD. Effluent streams shall be segrated as HCOD/ LCOD characterization. COD value upto 5000 mg/Lit is categorized as LCOD [ Low Chemical Oxygen Demand] and COD value more than 5000 mg/Lit as HCOD [ High Chemical Oxygen Demand]. HCOD / HTDS EFFLUENT The treatment system facility consist of : 1. Screen Chamber 2. Collection tank/ Neutralization tank. 3. Stripper column 4. MEE double effect forced evaporation. 5. ATFD Effluent is pumped to stripper column with marinating the flow and other conditions of temperature to stripped low boiling and organic matter. The stripped condensate is collected and stored. It can be sending to incinerator or sold to recycler.

Bottom aqueous part shall be be inlet to MEE calendriya for forced evaporation under steam pressure of 4- bar with TVR [Thermo vapour Recompressor]. Condensate is collected in a holding tank. The concentrate from MEE having about 10-15 % aqueous part is discharged to ATFD with appropriately regulating the

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The solid discharged from ATFD Bottom is collected and packed in appropriate packaging material. It contains about 5-10 % of moisture, sent to CHWTSDF for disposal.

LTDS/ LCOD effluent will be generated from process washing, floor washings, utensils cleaning , Laboratory operations, cooling tower blow down and other general operations is sent to Biological treatment.

Primary Treatment

The effluent enters into 2 no oil and grease chamber and then to equalization tank for dilution process for better functioning and effective treatment. The effluent is thoroughly mixed with the help of air to get a constant composition of the effluent. Effluent PH is adjusted to 7-8 with either acid or alkali. Neutralized effluent is pumped to primary setting tank where the settled solid is separated. The clarified effluent is sent to secondary treatment. Settled sludge is centrifuged and filtrate is recycled. The solid sludge is unloaded and stored at quarantine area then disposed of to CHWTSDF or land filling if quality is compatible.

Secondary Treatment

The secondary is a biological activated sludge process. A two stage activated sludge process is adopted.

Stage I

Primary treated effluent is made inlet to aeration tank where aerobic bacterial culture is maintained in suspension referred as mixed liquor suspended solids [ MLSS].

The aerobic environment in the aerator is achieved by use of mechanical surface aerator or pure oxygen which helps to maintain contents in a well mixed form with proper DO level. The effluent from aeration tank is passed in to primary clarifier where the activated sludge is separated from treated waste water. A portion of settled activated MLSS is retained. Over flow of primary goes to second stage of activated sludge process called oxidation ditches.

Stage II

The surface aerator in series and connected in aeration tank. The treatment procedure is same as in stage I. The overflow from the ditches is connected to secondary clarifier and collected in treated effluent sump.

Tertiary Treatment

The treated effluent collected from activated sludge process is sent to carbon and sand bed pressure filter and collected in a separate holding tank and then pumped through RO, plant of appropriate capacity 150 kl/day [6.85 KL/Hr]. The pump flow is based on 20 hrs functioning.

75-80 % permeate Output is collected and recycled to Cooling Tower, Boiler feed, cleaning etc. RO Reject is sent to Evaporation system [MEE/ ATFD] or ETP for biological treatment depending upon COD/TDS values.

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10.3.3. Hazardous/Solid Waste Management Main source of hazardous waste generation will be ETP waste (250 Kg/day) and Solvent Distillation Residue (3958.14 Kg/month) will be disposed of at approved TSDF site. Evaporation Salts (8540 Kg/Day) and Spent Carbon/ Hyflow (107.88 Kg/day) will be disposed of at approved TSDF site. Off Specification Products (100 Kg/day) and Spent Oil/ Process Residue/ Waste (200 Kg/ Months) will be disposed through CHWSTDF. Spent Mother Liquor (8275.05 Kg/day) and Spent Solvent (6747.828 Kg/day) will be Sale to authorized user. Discarded containers and Drums Barrels (100 nos./ Month) will be send to authorised dealers. Spent Oil/ Process Residue/ Waste and Chemical sludge, Oil and grease skimming residues will be sending to CHWSTDF. Entire quantity of hazardous waste will be handled & disposed as per Hazardous & Other Waste (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.

Storage and Transportation of Solid/Hazardous Waste:

 Proper Hazardous waste storage area with impervious flooring and covered shed is provided for storage of solid/hazardous waste.  Entire quantity of the hazardous waste is stored in the isolated hazardous waste storage area within premises having leachate collection system and roof cover. The storage yard shall be properly labelled for identification of wastes.  Hazardous waste shall not be stored for a period more than 90 days.  Records of the same shall be maintained and make them available for inspection.  Properly packed & labelled waste shall be transported through dedicated vehicle to authorized TSDF facility.

10.3.4. Green belt development The factory has its own land of 20000 Sq.m; out of which 6600.42 sq. m. area is available for greenbelt development. At present, the Industry has planted 65 trees. As per the CPCB guidelines, 2500 tress required to be planted. The remaining 1600 trees shall be planted within a year.

Development of greenbelt in and around the industry is an effective way to check pollutants and their dispersion into surrounding areas. The degree of pollution attenuation by a green belt depends on its height and width, foliage surface area and density. The main objective of the green belt around the factory is:

 Mitigation of impacts due to fugitive emissions.  Attenuation of noise levels.  Ecological restoration.  Creation of the aesthetic environment.  Wastewater reuse.  Reduction in greenhouse gases and release of oxygen due to photosynthesis.Criteria for Selection of species for Green Belt  Tolerance to water stress and extreme climatic conditions  The difference in height and growth habits  Aesthetic and pleasing appearance  Provide shade  Large biomass to provide fodder and nitrogen

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 Improving wasteland  To suit specific climate and soil characteristics (local species).  Sustainability with minimum maintenance  Recommended plant species shall be utilized for the development of green belt and greenery in and around the factory premises.  Native species

10.3.4.1. Suggested Plant Species for Green Belt The plantation within the green belt should be heterogeneous in composition following native plants in a mixed composition are suggested for green belt.

Table 10-1List of Plants Suggested For Green Belt No. of Sr. Common No. of tree trees Total no. Botanical name Family No. name existing proposed of trees on site 1 Cassia fistula Ceasalpiniaceae Bahava 10 200 210 2 Bombax ceiba Bombacaceae Sawar 12 200 212 3 Asltonia shcolaris Apocynaceae Saptaparni - 250 250 4 Macaranga peltata Euphorbiaceae Chandwar - 150 150 5 Schleichera oleosa Sapindaceae Kususm - 175 175 Microcos 6 Tiliaceae Shirali 15 180 195 paniculata 7 Terminalia elliptica Combretaceae Ain 25 200 225 Terminalia 8 Combretaceae Kindal 03 150 153 paniculata Terminalia 9 Combretaceae Baheda - 80 80 bellirica Total 65 1585 1650

10.3.5. Occupational Health & Safety Plan To maintain high standard in Health, Safety and Environment, necessary key mitigation measures & action plan as EMP has been suggested as described below.  Post-employment health check-up programs will be carried out annually and all records & documents related with employee health check-up program will be maintained.  As per RA report, all risk control & prevention measures in the unit will be implemented.  Necessary PPEs, safety equipment’s/materials to ensure healthy & safe work conditions will be provided to employees.  All employees will be provided with required set of PPEs like ear plug, ear muff etc. where noise levels in excess of 80 dB (A) are regularly generated.

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 It is recommending that Pre-employment health check-up programs shall be carried out for every new employee and all records & documents related with employee health check-up program shall be maintained by the proponent.  Safety documents, procedures, guidelines along with MSDS shall be provided to the associated/concerned personnel engaged in respective operational activities  Training programs & safety audit shall be done on regular basis to prevent impacts of the operational activities on occupational health as well as to improve workplace condition & safe work system.  The proponent shall ensure implementation of emergency management plan with provision of fire-fighting equipment/facilities, first aid & medical facilities, evacuation procedures etc.  Proponent shall also ensure proper implementation & functioning as well as assess effectiveness of this safety & emergency system on regular basis throughout the project operation phase.

10.3.6. Rain Water HarvestingScheme The scheme of reuse of rainwater is implemented successfully in the unit and shall be maintained after expansion. The total annual Rainwater Harvesting Potential of the industry is 2375.32 m3 per year. This shall be stored in the tank and utilized for ground water recharge. .The detailed rainwater harvesting plan is given in Annexure-V.

10.3.7. Storm water management In developed area like Industrial estate or company premises, impervious surface such as pavements in factory premises prevents precipitation from naturally soaking to the ground, instead of that water runs into storm drains. Managing the quantity and quality of storm water is termed, "Storm water Management."

Storm water quantity can be estimated by three methods.

SCS Technique: Curve number method ofUSDA Commercial Software: Storm water management model (SWMM) orSTORM Rational Method The details are included in Annexure-VI.

10.4. Post-Project Environmental Monitoring The highlights of the integrated environmental monitoring plan are:

 Regular monitoring of all gaseous emissions from stacks & fugitive emissions in the process areas.  The stack monitoring facilities like ladder, platform and port-hole of all the stacks maintained in good condition.  The performance of air pollution control equipments will be evaluated based on these monitoring results.  Water consumption in the unit recorded daily.  Analysis of effluent will be carried out regularly.  Performance of effluent treatment plant units, RO and Spray Dryer will be evaluated based on above analysis results.

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 Regular noise level monitoring carried out.  Greenbelt properly maintained and new plantation programmes undertaken frequently. Post-project monitoring plan is tabulated below. Table 10-2Environment Monitoring Plan

Important Monitoring Sampling Sr. No Particulars Monitoring Frequency Duration Parameter

PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, VOC, CO, Industry main Gate & HC, O , Benzene, 1 Quarterly 24 hr. 3 2 Monitoring Location BaP, Lead, Ammonia, Arsenic, Nickel Boiler & DG Set As per CPCB Particulate matter 2 Quarterly Stacks Guidelines & SO2 Aid Mist, As per CPCB 3 Process Stack Quarterly Ammonia, CO2, Guidelines HL, HNO2 pH, TDS, SS, BOD, COD, Oil & Grease SO4, Untreated & Treated 4 Daily Grab chlorides, DO, Effluents [ETP Water] Bioassay using APHA or BIS Methods Noise Levels at 3 Equivalent to Noise 5 Location within plant Quarterly 8 hr. Level in dB site Work Zone at 3-4 VOCs, RSPM, acid 6 Quarterly 8 hr. locations fumes, HCL

10.5. Environment Management Budget Allocation Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum earmarked for environment pollution control measures will be as under.

Table 10-3Budget Allocation for Environment Management Recurring Cost Per Capital Cost Sr. No Description Annum Rs.in Lakh Rs. In Lakh Air Pollution Control System, Dust 1 10 2 collection and cyclone separator Water Pollution Control. [ETP, RO 2 50 5 and STP]

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3 Environment Monitoring 6 1.5 Rain water harvesting [ RWH Piping 4 15 1.0 and Tank] 5 Occupational Health centre 2.0 2.0 Green Belt Development. [ Saplings/ 6 5 1.0 Manure and land development] 7 Solid waste Management 5.0 15 Energy Saving Devises and Solar 8 6 1 Power Safety and firefighting, Fire hydrant 9 17 3 system. = Total 116.0 31.50

10.6. Environmental Management Cell Unit will set up separate Environment Management Cell (EMC) to implementation of all the mitigation measures. The project proponent shall provide a fully equipped laboratory to carry out the analysis. The major duties & responsibilities of EMC will be as follows:

 To implement the Environmental Management Plan,  To ensure regular operation & maintenance of APCM,  To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules & regulations,  To minimize environmental impacts by strict adherence to the EMP,  To initiate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule,  Review & interpretation of monitored results and corrective measures in case monitored results are above the specified limit,  Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and applicable environmental laws as ready reference,  Maintain environmental related records,  Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants and monitoring laboratories, and Maintaining log of public complaints and the action taken

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10.6.1. Hierarchical Structure of Environmental Management Cell The hierarchical structure of the unit is given below:

Figure 10-1 Environment Management Cell

10.6.2. Environment Policy There will be an Environment Policy approved by the management. Theycommit themselves to:

 Ensure continuous improvement in environmental performance of our works through protective environmental management system.  Comply with applicable legal and other requirements related to environmental aspects.  Conserve the resources particularly water, power by fixing and improving consumption norms.  Concept of cleaner production will be adopted.  Ensure involvement of all employees and contractors in effective implementation of EMS through training and awareness.  Promote awareness among local surrounding community for preservation and maintaining clean environment.

10.7. Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) Activities Need for CER plan is for the health, education, sustainable lifestyles, social mobilization, infrastructure, water harvesting, agriculture and environmental protection, for the socio-economic development of the project, to enhance the quality of social health.

DBDPL will carry out its duties under Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER). This CER plan has been made from this perspective, to ensure the quality of life and quality of study area people will be improved.

Corporate Environment responsibility is the commitment of businesses to contribute to sustainable economic development by working with the employees, their families, local community and society at large to improve their lives in ways that are good for business as well as overall development. It is a voluntary activity of a company that supports social interests and environmental issues. It is a principle through which the business houses contribute to the welfare of the society and not only maximize their profits. CER, in fact, is about business giving back to the society. VOL proposes to allocate 1% of their total expansion cost

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For proposed expansion project, manpower of 60 Nos is required; company propose to give employment for local people which will help to improve their economic status

 The proposed project of Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. is a green field project. As per criteria given in the OM, the fund to be kept aside by us is Rs. 17.24 Lakhs (2% of Proposed cost i.e. Rs. 8.62 Cr.)  CER budget will be spent on creation of infrastructural facilities, health, education, environment, water, Sanitation & hygiene, road & skill development etc. activities to be carried out in discussion with District Authority as suitable in nearby vicinity.

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11.1. Overall Justification for Implementation of Project The proposed project of M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. will pose benefits to both social environment and economy of the country. To ensure sustainability of environmental components, Company will take upmost precautions by adopting finest mitigation measures /technology

Company proposed to provide employment to 60 numbers of regional/local populates. Apart from this annual CER activity of company will also improve the socio economic status of regional environment.

11.2. Explanation of How, Adverse Effects Have Been Mitigated Through implementation of mitigation measures, suggested in this EIA report; company will be able to maintain the sustainability of environment. The summaries for how adverse effects will be mitigated, during operational phase are mentioned below in Table 11.1.

Table 11-1Summary on Impacts and Mitigation Measures Environmental Summary on Impacts and Mitigation Measures Component Air Environment Company proposed stack of 30 meters’ height for 2 TPH Boiler for their proposed activity. However, Bag filter of suitable capacity will be utilized to collect dust from briquette burning activity in boiler operation. To cater with additional load of process emission, company will install additional 3 nos. of alkali scrubber. Water Environment It will be Zero Liquid Discharge plant. Therefore, there will not be any adverse impact on aquatic environment. Noise Environment Dispersion of Noise will be controlled by providing acoustic enclosures to all noise generating equipment’s. Greenbelt will be developed to control noise propagation outside the factory premises. The health impact of noise will be mitigated by providing PPEs and adopting method of job rotation. Soil Environment The adverse effects on soil will be mitigated by providing ZLD system, paved HW/Slag storage area. The disposal of waste will be done as per HW management rule. Biotic Environment The project is located in MIDC area. However upmost precaution will be taken to avoid release of any toxic pollutant into the environment. Social Environment The adverse impacts of company operation on social environment will be mitigated by adopting all above stated measures. Apart from this, company will be committed towards development of Social environment by conducting CER activities and providing jobs to the locals.

11.3. Conclusion It can be seen from the study that air emission due to proposed capacity project will less than 50 mg/nm3. Adequate stack height and control measures will be provided for proposed boiler. Zero effluent discharge treatment system is proposed for the unit. Ground water table will be not expected to be disturbed as no ground water withdrawal is proposed. Moreover, rain water harvesting system shall be provided. There will not be significant impacts of the unit on other environmental aspects such as meteorology, topography and

Page 259 M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd., MIDC Paitha, Dist- Aurangabad. EIA/EMP geology, mineral resources, archaeology, cultural, religious and land use. On the contrary, the project will have positive impacts through contribution to improvement in socio economic environment.

Other component of environment such as soil, flora, fauna etc. would also not experience significant adverse impact as unit is already located in the designated industrial area. The conclusion emerging out of the EIA study suggests that the unit shall adequately take the control measures and high standard of mitigation efforts. It is therefore requested that necessary environmental clearance may be considered for the proposed capacity of M/s. Shalini Organics Pvt. Ltd. with appropriate stipulations.

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12. DISCLOSURE OF THE CONSULTANT

DR. SUBBARAO’S ENVIRONMENT CENTER:

“Dr. Subbarao’s Environment Center (SEC)”, formerly known as “Water and Waste Water Research Centre”, is established by an entrepreneur Dr. B. Subbarao in the year 1982 with an objective to mitigate Environmental Impacts and Protect Environment. It is QCI-NABET accredited consulting organization, for conducting EIA studies. SEC is also NABL accredited laboratory. SEC is one of the most prominent Environmental Consulting Organizations in the country. The EIA/EMP projects undertaken by SEC so far

Environmental Clearence from MOEF GOVERNMENT of India, New Delhi

1. Dr. Baburao Bapuji Tanpure S.S.K.Ltd; Rahuri, (Dist) Ahmednagar, Maharashtra State “Expansion of the Distillery capacity from 30 KLD to 45 KLD. 2. Mula S.S.K.Ltd; (Post) :-Sonai (Dist):- Ahmednagar, Maharashtra State “Establishing a Distillery of 30 KLD” 3. Shri Chhatrapati S.S.S.K. Ltd; Kagal. (Dist) Kolhapur, Maharashtra State. “Establishing a 45 KLD Distillery” 4. Shri Datta Shethkari S.S.K.Ltd; Shirol. (Dist) Kolhapur, Maharashtra State, “Expansion of the Distillery Capacity from 30 KLD to 60 KLD” 5. Somaiya Organic Chemicals Ltd; Sameerwadi, (Dist) Bagalkot, Karnataka State. “Expansion of the Distillery capacity from 30KLD to 60 KLD” 6. Vishwanath Sugars Ltd; Bellad- Bagewadi, (Dist) Belgaum, Karnataka State. “Establishment of Distillery of 35KLD” 7. Expansion of the Distillery Capacity from 75 KLPD to 95 KLPD at Krishna S.S.K.Ltd., Rethare Bk., Shivanagar, Karad (Tq), Satara (Dist), Maharashtra State. 8. Expansion of the Distillery Capacity from 45 KLPD to 75 KLPD at Shri Dnyeshwar S.S.K.Ltd., Dnyeshwarnagar, Newasa (Tq), Ahmednagar (Dist), Maharashtra State. 9. Gangamai Sugar & Allced Industries, Aurangabad, “Establishment of 30 KLPD Distillery Unit”. 10. Expansion of the Distillery Capacity from 60 KLPD to 200 KLPD TOR for Somaiya Organo Chemicals (A Unit of The Godavari Sugar Mills Ltd., Bagalkot (Dist), Karnataka State. 11. Establishment of 10,000 TCD Sugar 30 MW Co-generation Based on Bagasse and 240 KLPD TOR for Shree Renuka Sugars Ltd., Belgaum, at the Village Nandur, Mangalweda (Tq), Solapur (Dist). 12. Expansion of the Sugar Capacity from 6000 to 7500 TCD and setting up 33 MW Co-generation Unit based on Bagasse at S.M. Shankarrao Mohite Patil S.S.K.Ltd. 13. Environmental Clearence for the Establishment of 30 KLPD Distillery at Hutatma Kisan Ahir S.S.K.Ltd. 14. Setting up 41 MW Co-generation Unit (Interstate Distance below 25 KM) based on Bagasse at Shri Hiranyakeshi S.S.K.Niyamit, Sankeshwar, Belgaum (Dist), Karnataka State. 15. Expansion of Sugar Plant capacity from 2500 to 5000 TCD, Expansion of Distillery capacity from 30 KLPD to 60 KLPD & establishing Co-generation Plant of 16.2 MW at Bhaurao Chavan SSK Ltd., Laxminagar, Deagaon-Yelegaon, Nanded (Dsit). 16. Expansion of Distillery capacity from 30 KLPD to 45 KLPD at The Kopargaon SSK Ltd., Gautamnagar, Kolpewadi, Kopargaon (Tq), Ahmednagar (Dist).

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17. Expansion of Sugar Plant capacity from 5000 to 11,000 TCD, Co-generation from 41 MW to 52 MW and Distillery capacity from 54 to 84 KLPD at Shree Hiranyakeshi SSK Niyamit, Sankeshwar, Belgaum (Dist). 18. Expansion of Distillery capacity from 200 KLPD to 320 KLPD based on Sugarcane Molasses and Grains and ENA capacity from 40 KLPD to 260 KLPD at Godavari Bio Refineries Ltd., Sameerwadi. Bagalkot (Dist) State Karnataka. 19. Expansion of Distillery capacity from 80 KLPD to 150 KLPD and establishing 7.5 MW Co- generation Unit at Somaiya Organo Chemicals, (A Unit of The Godavari Sugars Ltd.,) Sakarwadi, Kopargaon (Tq), Ahmednagar (Dist). Maharashtra State. 20. Expansion of Acetaldehyde production from 1500 MT/Month to 2100 M/Month and Ethyl Acetate from 5400 MT/Month to 8700 MT/Month by Godavari Bio-refineries Ltd at Samerwadi, Bagalkot (Dist), Karnataka State 21. Establishment of distillery to produce 30 KLPD Rectified Spirit/30 KLPD ENA/ 30 KLPD Ethanol and 1 MW co-generation power by Utopian Sugars Limited, Kachrewadi, Tal. Mangalwedha, Dist. Solapur, Maharashtra 22. Expansion of molasses based Distillery from 35 to 65 KLPD by M/s. Brima Sagar Maharashtra Distilleries Ltd., at Shreepur, Tal. Malshiras, Dist. Solapur, Maharashtra.

ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCES FROM STATE LEVEL APPRAISAL COMMITTEES: 1. “Expansion of Sugar factory, capacity from 4500 TCD to 6000 TCD and expansion of the Distillery capacity from 30 KLD to 60 KLD, Acetic Acid plant of 25 TCD and 26 MW Co- generation Unit based on Bagasse” at Shri Sahakarao Maharshi Shankarao Mohite Patil SSK Ltd., Akluj. Solapur (Dist), Maharashtra State. 2. “Setting up 25 TCD pulp & Paper Unit and Distillery of 30 KLD” at Kopergaon SSK Ltd., Gautamnagar, Kolpewadi (Tq), Ahmednagar (Dist), Maharashtra State. 3. “Setting up 20 TCD Pulp & Paper Unit and expansion of the Sugar factory capacity from 2500 TCD to 4250 TCD at Rahuri SSK Ltd., Ahmednagar (Dist), Maharashtra State. 4. “Expansion of the Sugar factory capacity from 2500 TCD to 3500 TCD and setting up 21 MW Co-generation Unit based on Bagasse” at Mula SSK Ltd., Sonai, Ahmednagar (Dist), Maharashtra State. 5. “Setting up 26 MW Co-generation Unit at Dnyaneshwar SSK Ltd., Dnyaneshwarnagar, Ahmednagar (Dist), Maharashtra State. 6. “Setting up 24 MW Co-generation unit based on Bagasse” at Jawahar SSSK Ltd., Hupari, Kolhapur (Dist), Maharashtra State. 7. “Expansion of the Sugar factory capacity from 2500 TCD to 3500 TCD” at Shree Chhatrapati Shahu SSK Ltd., Kagal, Kolhapur (Dist), Maharashtra State. 8. “Expansion of the Sugar factory capacity from 5000 TCD to 7000 TCD” at Shree Datta SSSK Ltd., Shirol (Tq), Kolhapur (Dist), Maharashtra State. 9. “Expansion of the Sugar factory capacity from 5000 TCD to 7500 TCD” at Sahayadri SSK Ltd., Karad (Tq), Satara (Dist), Maharashtra State 10. “2500 TCD Sugar factory and 21 MW Co-generation based on Bagasse” at Gurudatta Sugars Ltd., Takaliwadi, Shirol (Tq), Kolhapur (Dist), Maharashtra State. 11. “Expansion of the Sugar factory capacity from 5000 TCD to 7500 TCD at Krishna SSK Ltd., Rethare Bk, Shivnagar (Po), Karad (Tq), Satara (Dist), Maharashtra State.

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12. “Expansion of the Sugar factory capacity from 2500 TCD to 4000 TCD and Co-generation unit of 14 MW” at Shri Pandurang SSK Ltd., Shreepur, Solapur (Dist), Maharashtra State. 13. Expansion of the Sugar factory capacity from 2500 TCD to 3500 TCD and setting up 15 MW Co- generation Unit at Hutatma Kisan Ahir S.S.K.Ltd., Walwe (Tq), Sangli (Dist), Maharashtra State. 14. Environmental Clearance for establishing 44 MW Co-generation Unit by Urjankur Shree Tatyasaheb Kore Warna Power Company Ltd., at Warnanagar, Kolhapur (Dist). 15. Environmental Clearance for establishing 36 MW Co-generation Unit by Urjankur Shree Datta Power Company Ltd., at Shirol, Kolhapur (Dsit), Maharashtra State. 16. Establishing 13 MW Co-generation Unit by Dwarkadish Sugars Lyd., Satana, Maharashtra State. 17. Expansion of Sugar Plant capacity from 2500 to 5500 TCD, Co-generation Plant capacity from 14 MW to 39 MW at Vishwanath Sugars Ltd., Bellad-Bagewadi, Karnataka State. 18. Expansion of the Sugar factory capacity from 500 TCD to 10,000 TCD and establishing Co- generation Plant of 40 MW at Nirani Sugars Ltd., Mudhol, Bagalkot (Dist), Karnataka State. 19. Expansion of the Sugar factory capacity from 7,500 TCD to 15,000 TCD and Co-generation capacity from 24 MW to 64 MW at Godavari Biorefineries Ltd., Samerwadi, Bagalkot (Dsit), Karnataka State 20. Expansion of Sugar factory capacity from 7500 TCD to 9000 TCD at Dattanagar, Tal. Shirol, Dist. Kolhapur by Shri. Datta Shetakari Sakhar karkhana Limited 21. Expansion of Sugar factory capacity from 4000 TCD to 5500 TCD and 12 MW to 27 MW by Krishna SSK Niyamit, Athani 22. Expansion of Sugar factory capacity from 7500 TCD to 10000 TCD by Sahakar Maharshi Shankarrao Mohite Patil SSK Limited 23. Proposed expansion in capacity through modernization in technologyat Plot No. E-89, MIDC Ranjangaon, Tal. Shirur, Dist. Pune, Maharashtra by M/s. SI Group India Pvt. Ltd. 24. Expansion of Distillery capacity from 30 KLPD to 60 KLPD to produce Rectified Spirit/ENA/Ethanol at Laxminagar, Degaon-Yelegaon, Tal Ardhapur, Dist. Nanded, Maharashtra by Bhaurao Chavan Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Limited 25. Expansion of sugarcane crushing capacity from 9,000 TCD to 15,000 TCD, Distillery capacity from 60 KLPD to 90 KLPD and establishing Co-generation Power Plant of 21 MW and 5MW from Incineration Boiler. at Dattanagar, Tal. Shirol, Dist. Kolhapur, Maharashtra by Shree Datta Shetkari Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Limited 26. Expansion of distillery from 30 KLPD to 45 KLPD RS/ENA/Ethanol based on molasses/ 45 KLPD Ethanol based on SDS (Special Denatured Spirit) at Village Kacharewadi, Tal. Mangalwedha, Dist. Solapur, Maharashtra-413 305 by M/s. Utopian Sugars Ltd. ONGOING PROJECTS AT STATE LEVEL APPRAISAL COMMITTEES

1. Proposed expansion in manufacturing capacity of the synthetic organic Chemicals from 2839.625 MT/M to 3308.625 MT/M at plot no. 108, 109, 110 roth (bk.), MIDC Roha, Tal. Roha, Dist. Raigad by M/s. Anshul Speciality Molecules Pvt. Ltd. 2. Manufacture of API products (330 MT/M) at Plot No- B-20, MIDC LoteParshuram, Tal-Khed, Dist-Ratnagiri, Maharashtra by Taaj Healthcare Chemicals Private Limited 3. Expansion in manufacturing capacity of API products from 474 MT/Annum to 930 MT/Annum at Plot No. K-4/4, MIDC Mahad, Tal.- Mahad, District - Raigad, Maharashtra, by M/s. Kopran Research Laboratories Ltd

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4. Expansion in Manufacturing Capacity of Synthetic Organic Chemicals at K-4/4, Additional IDC, At Post Bhirwadi, Tal. Mahad, Dist. Raigad by Kopran Research Laboratories Limited 5. Manufacturing of API products (210 MT/M) at PlotNo. D-12/12, 12/13, 12/14, MIDC Lote- Parshuram, Tal. Khed, Dist. Ratnagiri, Maharashtra by Litmus Organics Private Limited 6. Manufacturing of API products (190 MT/M) at Plot No- G-13, MIDC Lote-Parshuram, Tal-Khed, Dist-Ratnagiri, Maharashtra by Suyash Industries Address for Correspondance: Address: “Arundhati”, M.S.E.B Road, Opp. Sahayog Nagar, Vishrambag, Sangli. Contact No. (0233) 2301857, Mobile No. 9372109522, 9890992118 Email: [email protected]

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NABET CRTIFICATE

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NABL CERTIFICATE

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JV ANALYTICAL SERVICES CERTIFICATE

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