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Viziuni Din Găgăuzia Și Taraclia

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Viziuni Din Găgăuzia Și Taraclia INSTITUTUL DE POLITICI PUBLICE MOLDOVA ÎNTRE EST ȘI VEST: VIZIUNI DIN GĂGĂUZIA ȘI TARACLIA Acest studiu a fost realizat de către Institutul de Politici Publice (IPP), în cadrul proiectului “Moldova între Est și Vest: viziuni din Găgăuzia și Taraclia”, realizat cu suportul financiar al Fondului pentru Drepturile Omului al Ministerului Afacerilor Externe al Regatului Țărilor de Jos și Ambasadei Regatului Țărilor de Jos în România și Republica Moldova. Coordonator: Oazu NANTOI Autori: Oazu NANTOI, Vasile CANTARJI, Igor BOȚAN, Anatol GREMALSCHI, Mihail SIRKELI Institutul de Politici Publice Str. Pușkin 16/1, Chișinău, Republica Moldova Tel. (+373) 22 276786 E-mail: [email protected] www.ipp.md Opiniile exprimate în acest studiu aparţin autorilor şi nu reflectă, în mod obligatoriu, punctul de vedere oficial al finanţatorului. Acest studiu a fost realizat de către Institutul de Politici Publice (IPP), în cadrul proiectului “Moldova între Est și Vest: viziuni din Găgăuzia și Taraclia”, realizat cu suportul financiar al Fondului pentru Drepturile Omului al Ministerului Afacerilor Externe al Regatului Țărilor de Jos și Ambasadei Regatului Țărilor de Jos în România și Republica Moldova. MOLDOVA ÎNTRE EST ȘI VEST: MOLDOVAVIZIUNI ÎNTRE DINEST ȘI GĂGĂUZIAVEST: ȘI TARACLIA Coordonator: Oazu NANTOI VIZIUNI DIN GĂGĂUZIA ȘI TARACLIA Autori: Oazu NANTOI, Vasile CANTARJI, Igor BOȚAN, Anatol GREMALSCHI, Mihail SIRKELI Institutul de Politici Publice Str. Pușkin 16/1, Chișinău, Republica Moldova Tel. (+373) 22 276786 E-mail: [email protected] www.ipp.md Opiniile exprimate în acest studiu aparţin autorilor şi nu reflectă, în mod obligatoriu, punctul de vedere oficial al finanţatorului. Chișinău 2016 Cuprins Introducere ...................................................................................................................... 6 Studiu privind nivelul de integrare al populației din UTA Găgăuzia și raionul Taraclia ..... 9 Aspecte metodologice .................................................................................................. 9 Sumar ............................................................................................................................ 10 1. Elemente de integrare a locuitorilor UTAG și a r. Taraclia în societatea moldovenească ........................................................................................ 11 Aspecte privind relațiile interetnice ......................................................................... 13 Percepții identitare și elementele constituente ale identității ................................. 15 Integrarea lingvistică și culturală .............................................................................. 19 Consumul mediatic-informațional ............................................................................ 25 Percepții privind viitorul statului RM ........................................................................ 26 Aprecieri cu privire la autonomii bazate pe principiul etnic ..................................... 28 Viziuni asupra diferendului Transnistrean ................................................................ 30 Atitudini față de ultimele evenimente politice ......................................................... 31 2. Aspecte de orientare geopolitică .............................................................................. 32 Percepții privind patria istorică a etniilor găgăuze și bulgare ................................... 32 Implicarea în migrația externă și intenții migraționiste de viitor .............................. 33 Atitudini față de actorii internaționali ...................................................................... 34 Viziuni asupra orientării externe a RM ..................................................................... 35 Aprecierea evenimentelor din estul Ucrainei ........................................................... 36 3. Concluzii și recomandări ........................................................................................... 38 Alegerile în Unitatea Teritorială Autonomă Găgăuzia .................................................... 40 1. Consideraţii preliminare ............................................................................................ 40 2. Ciclul electoral 1994 – 1998 ..................................................................................... 41 3. Ciclul electoral 1998 – 2001 ...................................................................................... 43 4. Problema partidelor regionale .................................................................................. 44 5. Ciclul electoral 2001-2005 ......................................................................................... 45 6. Ciclul electoral 2005-2009 ......................................................................................... 47 7. Ciclul electoral 2009-2014 ......................................................................................... 48 8. Ciclul electoral 2014-2015 ......................................................................................... 51 9. Concluzii .................................................................................................................... 54 10. Recomandări ........................................................................................................... 56 Studierea limbii române ca mijloc de integrare în societatea civică moldovenească .... 57 1. Repere conceptuale ................................................................................................. 57 2. Politici educaționale europene privind studierea limbilor oficiale și a celor minoritare ......................................................................................................... 58 Obligativitatea studierii și cunoașterii limbii oficiale a statului ................................ 58 Cadrul european comun de referință pentru limbi................................................... 59 Carta europeană a limbilor regionale sau minoritare ............................................... 61 3. Politici naționale privind studierea limbii române și a limbilor materne de către reprezentanții minorităților alolingve ............................... 62 4 MOLDOVA ÎNTRE EST ȘI VEST: VIZIUNI DIN GĂGĂUZIA ȘI TARACLIA Constituția Republicii Moldova ................................................................................. 62 Legea cu privire la funcționarea limbilor vorbite pe teritoriul RSS Moldovenești .... 62 Legea cu privire la drepturile persoanelor aparținând minorităților naționale și la statutul juridic al organizațiilor lor ........................................................................ 63 Codul educației ......................................................................................................... 64 4. Suportul curricular pentru studierea de către alolingvi a limbilor române și maternă ........................................................................................ 65 Planul-cadru pentru învățământul general ............................................................... 65 Curricula la limba și literatura română pentru școlile naționale și cele pentru alolingvi ................................................................................................. 66 Asigurarea cu materiale didactice ............................................................................ 67 5. Rezultatele învățării demonstrate de elevii alolingvi în cunoașterea limbii române .... 68 6. Percepții ale rolului limbii române în viața socială din raionul Taraclia și UTA Găgăuzia .............................................................................. 70 Limba română ca mijloc de comunicare în raionul Taraclia și UTA Găgăuzia ............ 70 Limba română în exprimarea opțiunilor și orientărilor geopolitice .......................... 71 Atitudini față de obligativitatea cunoașterii limbii de stat ........................................ 72 7. Dificultăți în predarea și învățarea limbii române de către cetățenii alolingvi .......... 75 Lipsa motivației......................................................................................................... 75 Ineficiența metodelor actuale depredare a limbii române pentru alolingvi ............. 77 Suprasolicitarea elevilor ........................................................................................... 78 Insuficiența de cadre didactice calificate .................................................................. 79 8. Perspective de îmbunătățire a nivelului de cunoaștere a limbii române de către cetățenii alolingvi ............................................................................................ 81 Concluzii și recomandări ........................................................................................... 83 Bibliografie................................................................................................................ 86 Spațiul informațional al UTA Găgăuzia și influența lui asupra stării de spirit a publicului din regiune ..................................................................................... 88 Introducere ................................................................................................................... 88 1. Examinarea legislației locale a UTA Găgăuzia, precum și a interacțiunii ei cu legislația națională în domeniul audiovizualului ...................................................... 89 2. Situația mass media locale din UTA Găgăuzia și rolul acestora în formarea opiniei publice ..........................................................................................
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