1aAA1 Spatial impression as measured in concert and opera auditoria ...... 5 Michael Barron 1aAA2 Effects of front/back energy ratios of early and late reflections on listener envelopment ...... 7 Masayuki Morimoto and Kazuhiro Iida 1aAA3 Sound strength in concert halls I: Role of the early sound field with objective and subjective measures...... 9 Jerald R. Hyde 1aAA4 Fundamental subjective attributes for sound fields from a model of auditory-brain system ...... 11 Yoichi Ando 1aAA5 Reflected sound field by stage floors in the concert halls: Theoretical model analysis .... 13 Shinsuke Nakanishi, Kimihiro Sakagami, and Masayuki Morimoto 1aAA6 A fast room acoustical simulation algorithm based on the free path distribution ...... 15 Michael Vorla¨nder 1aAA7 Relationship between subjective preference for sound fields and brain activity with vocal music ...... 17 Kiminori Mouri and Yoichi Ando 1aAA8 A diagnostic system measuring orthogonal factors of sound fields in a scale model of concert hall ...... 19 Masatugu Sakurai, Shinichi Aizawa, and Yoichi Ando 1aAA9 Absorption by seating and audience—whose figures, whose measurement method? ..... 21 Michael Barron and Steven Coleman

1aAO LONG-RANGE PROPAGATION FOR MEASUREMENT OF OCEAN PROCESSES I

1aAO1 Acoustic thermometry of ocean climate: Comparison of acoustic, altimetric and historical data ...... 23 Robert C. Spindel, Brian D. Dushaw, Bruce M. Howe, James A. Mercer, Bruce D. Cornuelle, Matthew Dzieciuch, Walter H. Munk, Peter F. Worcester, Arthur B. Baggeroer, Dimitris Menemenlis, Carl Wunsch, Theodore G. Birdsall, Kurt Metzger, Christopher Clark, John A. Colosi, Daniel Costa, and Andrew M. G. Forbes 1aAO2 Computation of T-phase coda ...... 25 Catherine de Groot-Hedlin 1aAO3 Coherence analysis of multimegameter range ocean acoustic signals ...... 27 Matthew Dzieciuch and the ATOC Consortium

B1 1aAO4 Internal wave effects on single frequency coherence, matched ﬁeld processing and adiabaticity ...... 29 Kevin D. Heaney, Peter N. Mikhalevsky, Herb Freese, and W. A. Kuperman 1aAO5 Modal leakage in range dependent oceans ...... 31 Arthur B. Baggeroer and Edward K. Scheer 1aAO6 Coupled-mode sound propagation in a range-dependent, moving ﬂuid ...... 33 Oleg A. Godin 1aAO7 Inversion of multimegameter range acoustic data for ocean temperature ...... 35 Brian D. Dushaw and the ATOC group 1aAO8 Ray tracing in a turbulent, shallow water channel ...... 37 R. Lu¨tzen, C. Bjerrum-Niese, and L. Bjørnø

1aBV NOVEL APPROACHES TO ULTRASOUND IMAGING I

1aBV1 Flow function method for the display of streamlines on ultrasonic color flow image .... 39 Shigeo Ohtsuki and Motonao Tanaka 1aBV2 Non-invasive assessment of wall shear rate „WSR… in humans by means of ultrasound ...... 41 R. S. Reneman, L. Kornet, S. K. Samijo, P. J. Brands, and A. P. G. Hoeks 1aBV3 Two-dimensional measurement of acoustic properties of tissue using 3–50 MHz ultrasound ...... 43 Hiroyuki Hachiya, Shigeo Ohtsuki, and Motonao Tanaka 1aBV4 Three-dimensional Doppler ultrasound: A tool for the 21’st Century ...... 45 Roy W. Martin, Dan Leotta, Xian-Ning Li, and Trygve Hausken 1aBV5 Dynamic flow quantitation with spatial orientation guided digital color Doppler imaging: in vitro validation and initial in vivo experience ...... 47 Xiang-Ning Li, Jing-Ming Jong, Trygve Hausken, Barbrina Dunmire, Bryan Goldman, Daniel F. Leotta, Kirk W. Beach, and Roy W. Martin 1aBV6 Doppler monitoring of hemodialysis grafts ...... 49 Kirk W. Beach, Marla Paun, Suhail Ahmad, Curtis Plett, Robert Hickman, and D. Eugene Strandness, Jr. 1aBV7 Using Doppler ultrasound to examine wall vibrations and flow velocity fluctuations in arteries ...... 51 Melani Plett, Kirk Beach, Marla Paun, Kathy Brown, Barbrina Dunmire, and D. Eugene Strandness, Jr.

1aEA UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC CALIBRATION, METHODS, AND DEVICES

1aEA1 Towards new UK underwater acoustical measurement standards in the 21st century ...... 53 Roy C. Preston and Stephen R. Robinson 1aEA2 Acoustic calibration in reverberant environments: A survey of USRD measurement methodology ...... 55 S. E. Forsythe and P. L. Ainsleigh 1aEA3 Low-frequency calibration in water-filled pipes ...... 57 L. D. Luker and J. F. Zalesak 1aEA4 A comparison of hydrophone calibration by free-field reciprocity and by optical interferometry in the frequency range 200 kHz to 1 MHz ...... 59 Stephen P. Robinson and Roy C. Preston 1aEA5 An intercomparison of hydrophone calibrations within Europe ...... 61 Stephen P. Robinson, Roy C. Preston, and Geraint J. Green 1aEA6 A simple two-projector procedure for producing impedance-controlled wavefields for transducer calibration ...... 63 S. E. Forsythe and A. L. VanBuren 1aEA7 Underwater facility for automated experimentation and measurement ...... 65 Carlos Ranz-Guerra and Pedro Cobo-Parra

B2 1aEA8 Calibration of a neutrally buoyant u-u intensity probe ...... 67 Kevin J. Bastyr and Gerald C. Lauchle 1aEA9 Calibration of a neutrally buoyant p-u intensity probe ...... 69 James A. McConnell and Gerald C. Lauchle 1aEA10 Test chamber for determining damage thresholds for high amplitude underwater sound exposure in animal models ...... 71 Thomas N. Lewis, Peter H. Rogers, James S. Martin, George S. McCall, Joey G. Lloyd, Henry P. Cotten, and Gary W. Caille 1aEA11 A free-ﬂooding rare earth iron hexagonal transducer ...... 73 Rong Rong Zhao

1aMU SIGNAL MODELING IN MUSIC SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING

1aMU1 An analysis/synthesis tool for transient signals ...... 75 Tony S. Verma and Teresa H. Y. Meng 1aMU2 Lemur: A bandwidth-enhanced sinusoidal modeling system ...... 77 Kelly Fitz and Lippold Haken 1aMU3 Synthesis and control of synthesis using a generalized diphone method ...... 79 Xavier Rodet and Adrien Lefe`vre 1aMU4 Sound representation and modification with multiresolution sinusoidal models ...... 81 Michael Goodwin, Paolo Prandoni, and Martin Vetterli 1aMU5 Timbre morphing and interpolation based on a sinusoidal model ...... 83 Naotoshi Osaka 1aMU6 Tracking the frequency components of musical tones based on global waveform fitting ...... 85 Yinong Ding 1aMU7 Efficient synthesis model for bowed strings using a nonlinear bow-string interaction model ...... 87 Julius O. Smith, III

1aNSa NON-AUDITORY EFFECTS OF NOISE ON HEALTH

1aNSa0 The non-auditory health effects of noise exposure ...... 89 Lawrence Finegold 1aNSa1 Study of noise levels in a neonatal intensive care unit ...... 91 Chantal Laroche and Paula Fournier 1aNSa2 Trading level for number in the laboratory: Differential effects of aircraft noise on cardiovascular activation, annoyance, and assessment of quality of life ...... 93 Iris B. Mauss, Joachim Vogt, and Karl Th. Kalveram

1aNSb NOVEL APPROACHES TO NOISE CONTROL BARRIERS I

1aNSb1 Excess attenuation by reactive obstacle at noise barrier edge ...... 95 K. Fujiwara, C. Kim, and T. Ohkubo 1aNSb2 Jagged-edge noise barriers ...... 97 P. Menounou, I. J. Busch-Vishniac, and D. T. Blackstock 1aNSb3 Comparison of calculated and measured data for the attenuation of improved noise barrier ...... 99 Kohei Yamamoto 1aNSb4 Active control of trafﬁc noise around barriers ...... 101 D. Duhamel 1aNSb5 Active noise barrier based on the boundary surface control ...... 103 S. Ise and H. Tachibana 1aNSb6 Trafﬁc noise barrier overlap gap study ...... 105 Lloyd A. Herman, Craig M. Clum, and E. W. Pinckney

B3 1aNSb7 Acoustic properties of rubber crumbs ...... 107 Jaime Pfretzschner and Rosa Ma Rodriguez

1aPAa OUTDOOR SOUND PROPAGATION I

1aPAa1 Propagation of sonic booms through the atmosphere ...... 109 Richard Raspet, Henry E. Bass, and Mark Kelly 1aPAa2 Atmospheric sound propagation near the ground ...... 111 Conny Larsson 1aPAa3 Effect of waveform distortion on sonic boom noise penetration into a flat ocean ...... 113 Tracie J. Ferguson and Victor W. Sparrow 1aPAa4 Sonic boom in the shadow zone ...... 115 François Coulouvrat 1aPAa5 Statistical data of excess attenuation for long range noise propagation over sea ...... 117 Kazuo Konishi and Zyun-iti Maekawa 1aPAa6 Sound propagation in a city composed with hexagonal periodic buildings ...... 119 Judicae¨l Picaut and Jean Hardy 1aPAa7 Scale model experiments on the insertion loss of double and wide barriers ...... 121 Glenn J. Wadsworth and James P. Chambers 1aPAa8 Incorporation of inhomogeneous atmospheric turbulence into numerical propagation calculations ...... 123 D. Keith Wilson 1aPAa9 Nonlinear aspects on outdoor propagation of acoustic pulses produced by weak explosions ...... 125 Antonio Moreno, Carlos de la Colina, and Francisco Simoń

1aPAb GENERAL TOPICS IN NONLINEAR ACOUSTICS

1aPAb1 Steady streaming from a non-compact sphere ...... 127 Ashok Gopinath and Eugene H. Trinh 1aPAb2 Acoustic radiometer demonstration ...... 129 Timothy G. Simmons, Bruce Denardo, Andre´s Larraza, and Robert Keolian 1aPAb3 An acoustic Casimir effect ...... 131 Andre´s Larraza, Christopher D. Holmes, Robert T. Susbilla, and Bruce Denardo 1aPAb4 Research of finite amplitude acoustic pulse propagation in thin capillary filled with viscous fluid ...... 133 Igor B. Esipov and Vladislav G. Mikhalevich 1aPAb5 Stabilization of a capillary bridge far beyond the Rayleigh-Plateau limit using active feedback and acoustic radiation pressure ...... 135 Mark J. Marr-Lyon, David B. Thiessen, and Philip L. Marston 1aPAb6 BSA-bearing drop dynamics in microgravity ...... 137 Xiaohui Chen and Robert Apfel 1aPAb7 The study of evaporation of multicomponent drops using an acousto-electric levitator ...... 139 Yibing Zheng, Robert E. Apfel, and Yuren Tian 1aPAb8 Particle separation by ultrasonic forces ...... 141 Steven M. Woodside, Martin Gro¨schl, Ewald Benes, James M. Piret, and Bruce D. Bowen 1aPAb9 The two-dimensional acoustic standing wave and its application in a coagulation of aerosols ...... 143 Henryka Czyz˙

1aPAc CAVITIES AND RESONATORS

1aPAc1 Physical effects of macrosonic standing waves in oscillating cavities ...... 145 Christopher C. Lawrenson, Bart Lipkens, and Thomas W. Van Doren

B4 1aPAc2 Investigation of particle velocity ﬁeld in nonlinear standing waves ...... 147 Yurii A. Ilinskii, Bart Lipkens, and Evgenia A. Zabolotskaya 1aPAc3 Parametric excitation of a Helmholtz resonator ...... 149 Wayne E. Prather, Bruce Denardo, and Richard Raspet 1aPAc4 Measurements of temperature and velocity oscillations in acoustic waves ...... 151 Guadalupe Huelsz, Francisco Lo´pez-Alquicira, and Eduardo Ramos 1aPAc5 Acoustic methods for transport properties measurements in gases ...... 153 K. A. Gillis, J. B. Mehl, and M. R. Moldover 1aPAc6 Optical techniques for sound generation and detection in acoustic resonators ...... 155 Giuliana Benedetto, Roberto M. Gavioso, and Renato Spagnolo 1aPAc7 Numerical study of one-dimensional resonant gas oscillation in a closed tube ...... 157 Takeru Yano 1aPAc8 The use of a subgrid-scale quasi-stationary approximation in ﬁnite-difference time- domain simulations to calculate the absorption by Helmholtz resonators ...... 159 J. De Poorter and D. Botteldooren

1aPP PITCH—HIGH AND INSIDE, LOW AND AWAY

1aPP1 Pitch of pure tones measured by absolute magnitude estimation ...... 161 Andrzej Rakowski and Andrzej Mis´kiewicz 1aPP2 Regular interval stimuli with more than one pitch ...... 163 William A. Yost 1aPP3 New experiments beyond the traditional Fourcin pitch range ...... 165 Johan Raatgever, Frans A. Bilsen, and Reshma Mungra 1aPP4 Comparing the accuracy of monotic and dichotic repetition pitch ...... 167 Frans A. Bilsen, Han H. Dols, and Johan Raatgever 1aPP5 Spectral weights for pitch judgement ...... 169 Huanping Dai 1aPP6 Pitch mechanisms for unresolved harmonics I: Duration effects ...... 171 Louise J. White and Christopher J. Plack 1aPP7 Pitch mechanisms for unresolved harmonics II: Sensitivity to envelope phase ...... 173 Christopher J. Plack and Louise J. White 1aPP8 Co-operative behavior in the Fitzhugh-Nagumo neuron: Consequences for acoustic perception ...... 175 J. Tapson 1aPP9 The role of global processes in the perceptual cohesion of harmonic complex tones .... 177 Jeffrey M. Brunstrom and Brian Roberts 1aPP10 Accentuation of spectral pitch ...... 179 Werner A. Deutsch 1aPP11 Perceptual segregation and pitch shifts of mistuned components in harmonic complexes and in regular inharmonic complexes ...... 181 Brian Roberts and Jeffrey M. Brunstrom

1aSA ANALYTICAL METHODS IN RADIATION AND SCATTERING

1aSA1 Algebraic aspects of acoustic scattering ...... 183 Elisabeth Fournier, Yves Decanini, Antoine Folacci, and Paul Gabrielli 1aSA2 Free and forced vibration of a multi-supported string ...... 185 Benjamin A. Cray and Albert H. Nuttall 1aSA3 Eigenvalues gap optimization using sensitivity in coupled acoustic-structural systems ...... 187 Walter Paucar Casas and Renato Pavanello 1aSA4 A modal approach for the acoustic and vibration response of an elastic cavity with absorption treatments and mechanical/acoustical excitation ...... 189 Noureddine Atalla and Michel A. Tournour 1aSA5 Acoustic response to large structural perturbations ...... 191 Steven R. Hahn and Aldo A. Ferri

B5 1aSA6 Synthesis of radiated sound field from a vibrating plate-strip with free edges ...... 193 Kai-Ulrich Machens 1aSA7 A modal formulation for an arbitrary submerged structures in a heavy acoustic medium ...... 195 Pei-Tai Chen 1aSA8 Finite difference studies of structural-acoustic interaction ...... 197 U. R. Kristiansen 1aSA9 Dispersion free finite element methods for Helmholtz equation ...... 199 Paul E. Barbone and Isaac Harari 1aSA10 A wave based prediction technique for vibro-acoustics: Comparison with finite element technique and experimental validation ...... 201 Paul Sas, Wim Desmet, and Dirk Vandepitte

1aSC SPEECH TECHNOLOGY AND SPEECH RECEPTION

1aSC1 Detection and intelligibility of talkers in competing message environment ...... 203 Mark A. Ericson, Robert S. Bolia, and W. Todd Nelson 1aSC2 The enhancing effect of subsequent context on perception of the sentence-initial word ...... 205 Takayuki Kawashima, Makio Kashino, and Takao Sato 1aSC3 Effects of context-sensitive phonetic variation and lexical structure on the uniqueness of words ...... 207 Edward T. Auer, Jr. and Lynne E. Bernstein 1aSC4 Amplitude modulation cues for perceptual voicing distinctions in noise ...... 209 Brian P. Strope and Abeer A. Alwan 1aSC5 Effects of context on time-compressed speech intelligibility in older adults ...... 211 Nancy E. Vaughan and Ronda K. Kasper 1aSC6 Dichotic presentation of speech signal using critical filter bank for bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment ...... 213 D. S. Chaudhari and P. C. Pandey 1aSC7 A new method of sequential information analysis in consonant confusions ...... 215 Tan Chin Tuan, Tong Yit Chow, and Joseph Chang 1aSC8 Aural method of speech intelligibility enhancement ...... 217 Wojciech J. Majewski 1aSC9 A training system to improve the usefulness of hearing aids ...... 219 Takashi Ikeda, Akira Watanabe, Mitsuaki Hino, and Yuichi Ueda 1aSC10 Voice transmission through vibration pickups ...... 221 Paolo E. Giua 1aSC11 Enhancing second formant identification in speech by listeners with significant hearing loss ...... 223 Peggy B. Nelson and Sally G. Revoile 1aSC12 Subjective vs. objective intelligibility of sentences in listeners with hearing loss ...... 225 Kathleen M. Cienkowski, Charles E. Speaks, and Amy S. McKee 1aSC13 Effects of stimulation mode on speech recognition by cochlear implant users ...... 227 Qian-Jie Fu and Robert V. Shannon 1aSC14 Continuous assessment and modeling of speech transmission quality ...... 229 Martin Hansen and Birger Kollmeier 1aSC15 Coherence-based subband decomposition for efficient reverberation and noise removal in enclosed sound fields ...... 231 Joaquin Gonzalez-Rodriguez and Javier Ortega-Garcia 1aSC16 Continuous digit speech recognition using subword unit HMM juncture ...... 233 Jeh-Seon Youn and Kwang-Seok Hong 1aSC17 Stochastic word models for articulatory constrained speech recognition and synthesis ...... 235 John Hogden, David Nix, Vincent Gracco, and Philip Rubin 1aSC18 Elliptical wave radiation from curved waveguides ...... 237 Rolphe F. Fehlmann

B6 1aSC19 An efﬁcient Korean speech recognition for name and digit on communication network ...... 239 Hyeon-Gu Lee and Kwang-Seok Hong 1aSC20 A comparative study on three automatic speech recognizers in noise ...... 241 Chin Tuan Tan, Yit Chow Tong, Joseph S. Chang, and Lai Peng Chan 1aSC21 An implementation of recognition for Windows 95 commander ...... 243 Seong-kwon Lee and Soon-Hyob Kim 1aSC22 Fractal modeling of glottal waveform for high quality speech synthesis ...... 245 Naofumi Aoki and Tohru Ifukube 1aSC23 Interactive Korean speech recognition for a mobile robot ...... 247 Seok-Hyun Yoon, Jae-Young Lee, Kwang-Woo Chung, and Kwang-Seok Hong 1aSC24 Synthesis of fricative sounds using an aeroacoustic noise generation model ...... 249 Daniel J. Sinder, Michael H. Krane, and James L. Flanagan 1aSC25 Glottal source parameter estimation by comparison of measured signals with simulated signals ...... 251 David G. Druker, Ingo R. Titze, and Brad H. Story 1aSC26 SGP analysis of excised larynges in anechoic chamber ...... 253 P. F. Castellanos, Sang Hong, Craig Skinner, and S. A. Elder 1aSC27 Perceptual effects of spectral envelope and F0 manipulations using STRAIGHT method ...... 255 Hideki Kawahara and Reiko Akahane-Yamada 1aSC28 Modeling and synthesis of the lateral consonant / l / ...... 257 Adrienne M. Prahler 1aSC29 End corrections in an acoustic model of the vocal tract ...... 259 Jianwu Dang 1aSC30 Modeling the transitory behavior of speech using a time-varying transmission-line model ...... 261 Amit S. Rane, Derrick C. Wei, Lisa E. Falkson, and Abeer A. Alwan 1aSC31 Pitch-synchronous decomposition of mixed-source speech signals ...... 263 Philip J. B. Jackson and Christine H. Shadle 1aSC32 Automatic creation of CV templates for formant type speech synthesis based on HMM-based segmentation and syllable boundary detection ...... 265 Takahiro Ohtsuka, Chang-Sheng Yang, and Hideki Kasuya 1aSC33 A study on natural-sounding Japanese phonetic word synthesis based on the pitch waveform concatenation ...... 267 Yasuhiko Arai, Ryo Mochizuki, and Takashi Honda 1aSC34 The Hablarte text-to-speech system for Spanish ...... 269 Helen E. Karn 1aSC35 Pitch controlled variable bitrate CELP speech coding ...... 271 Robert M. Oberhofer and Frank J. Owens 1aSC36 Assessment of the intelligibility and perceived quality of speech produced by text-to-speech engines ...... 273 Michael D. Hall, Erica B. Stevens, Richard Eyraud, Denise Padden, and Patricia K. Kuhl 1aSC37 Acoustic-phonetic features for the automatic recognition of stop consonants ...... 275 Ahmed M. Abdelatty Ali, Jan Van der Spiegel, and Paul Mueller 1aSC38 An 800bps VQ based LPC voice coder ...... 277 Huan Chen, Xianglin Wang, and C.-C. Jay Kuo 1aSC39 A study on the speech analysis and recognition for Korean children ...... 279 Eunjung Park, Ji-eun Kam, Inchan Paek, Y. Kwon, Sungil Yang, and K. S. Lee

1aSP MODELING AND SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION

1aSP1 Signal models for model-based array processors ...... 281 E. J. Sullivan and J. V. Candy

B7 1aSP2 Simulation of the effects of thermal turbulence on beamforming and time reversal techniques using Gaussian beam summation and Fourier modes superposition techniques ...... 283 Christian Lhuillier, David Fiorina, and Daniel Juve´ 1aSP3 Advanced system identification techniques for acoustics enhancement ...... 285 Yuchang Cao and Mark Poletti 1aSP4 Convergence characteristics of frequency-domain LMS adaptive filters ...... 287 Karl M. Reichard and David C. Swanson 1aSP5 A simple genetic algorithm for active noise control ...... 289 Antonio Mıńguez and Manuel Recuero 1aSP6 Reducing sibilants in recorded speech using psychoacoustic models ...... 291 Markus Sapp, Martin Wolters, and Jo¨rg Becker 1aSP7 Machine recognition of Hindi consonants and distinctive features using vector quantization ...... 293 Pradip K. Das and S. S. Agrawal 1aSP8 Synthesis of Hindi consonants with naturally sounding quality using PC based Klatt synthesiser ...... 295 Rajesh Verma and Shyam S. Agrawal 1aSP9 A rejection method for the isolated word recognition system ...... 297 Dong-hwa Kim, Hyung-Soon Kim, and Young-Ho Kim

1aUW UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATIONS

1aUW1 Telemetry and the underwater channel: Progress and challenges ...... 299 Arthur B. Baggeroer and Daniel B. Kilfoyle 1aUW2 Environmental impact on phase coherent underwater acoustic communications ...... 301 T. C. Yang and A. Al-Kurd 1aUW3 Observations of coherence time and amplitude ﬂuctuations in a shallow-water acoustic communications channel ...... 303 Richard Shockley, Joseph Rice, Vincent McDonald, Dale Green, John Proakis, and John Newton 1aUW4 Experimental performance of concatenated coding in shallow water channels ...... 305 Daniel B. Kilfoyle 1aUW5 Low-probability-of-detection communications in adverse underwater acoustic channels ...... 307 Dale Green and Joseph A. Rice 1aUW6 Performance evaluation of phase coherent underwater acoustic communications during the LWAD 98-1 experiment ...... 309 A. Al-Kurd, T. C. Yang, J. Schindall, and E. Carey 1aUW7 Adaptive array processing for acoustic communications through time-varying ocean channels ...... 311 James C. Preisig 1aUW8 Phase-encoded frequency-hopped signaling for underwater acoustic communications ...... 313 Geoffrey S. Edelson and Bradford W. Gillespie 1aUW9 Spectral shaping in MFSK modulation for underwater acoustic communications ...... 315 Richard C. Shockley, John G. Proakis, Milica Stojanovic, and Joseph A. Rice 1aUW10 Doppler tolerant link „DTL… ...... 317 Anthony D. Matthews and Robert L. Higginbotham

1aPLb PLENARY LECTURE

1aPLb1 Acoustical studies of the upper ocean boundary layer ...... 319 David M. Farmer

B8 1pPLa PLENARY LECTURE

1pPLa1 Sound transmission through suspended ceilings ...... 323 F. P. Mechel

1pAAa OPERA HOUSE ACOUSTICS: STATE OF THE ART

1pAAa1 The development of room acoustical demands on operas within the last 50 years ...... 327 Gerhard Mu¨ller and Helmut A. Mu¨ller 1pAAa2 Alternate venues for opera performances. Wagner started it...should we retreat now? ...... 329 Christopher Jaffe 1pAAa3 Orchestra pit acoustics–From Bayreuth to Broadway ...... 331 Mark Holden 1pAAa4 Why do traditional opera houses work so well for opera? ...... 333 Nicholas Edward and David Kahn

1pAAb SOUND FIELD FOR SINGER AND ORCHESTRA, PART 1

1pAAb1 Measurement of objective criteria for performers in the ‘‘Teatro di San Carlo’’ opera house ...... 335 Carmine Ianniello, Gino Iannace, Luigi Maffei, and Rosario Romano 1pAAb2 Sound ﬁelds in orchestra pits ...... 337 Ju¨rgen Meyer 1pAAb3 Listening in the pit ...... 339 Christopher N. Blair 1pAAb4 Small scale modelling of stage to pit balance—A pilot study ...... 341 John O’Keefe 1pAAb5 Compromises in orchestra pit design: A ten year trench war in The Royal Theatre, Copenhagen ...... 343 Anders Chr. Gade and Bo Mortensen 1pAAb6 Study on experimental equations for on-stage acoustics design ...... 345 Shun-ichi Nakamura 1pAAb7 Orchestra platform acoustics. When will reﬂecting surfaces give ‘‘Box-Klangfarbe’’? ...... 347 Tor Halmrast

1pAAc ROOM ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES, ABSORPTION AND DIFFUSION

1pAAc1 Measurements and modelling of commonly used resilient channels in light weight floor structures ...... 349 Jonas Brunskog and Per Hammer 1pAAc2 Evaluation of the flanking transmission in a scale model of two adjoining rooms ...... 351 Alessandro Cocchi, Giovanni Semprini, and Simone Secchi 1pAAc3 Classical analysis of multilayered walls transmission loss in comparison with F.E.M. and S.E.A. approach ...... 353 Marco Fringuellino, Claudio Guglielmone, and Sean Smith 1pAAc4 Optimisation of techniques for field testing of buildings ...... 355 George Dodd 1pAAc5 Loss factor at boundary of single-leaf wall under vibrational field of diffused bending waves ...... 357 Souichiro Kuroki and Masahito Yasuoka 1pAAc6 Transmission loss measurement of multi-layered partitions in time domain ...... 359 Andre´ L. Cherman and Roberto A. Tenenbaum

B9 1pAAc7 A safe method of truncating an echogram calculated by a sound ray technique ...... 361 Jean-Jacques Embrechts 1pAAc8 Sound sources and simulation softwares in room acoustics ...... 363 Catherine Semidor and Le´onie Couthon 1pAAc9 A study of the sound radiation from musical instruments in rooms using the equivalent source method ...... 365 U. Peter Svensson, Mayumi Nakano, Kimihiro Sakagami, and Masayuki Morimoto 1pAAc10 A study of the reverberant ﬁelds in rooms with various absorptions—Including prediction of spatial variation ...... 367 Linda P. Franzoni 1pAAc11 Studying room acoustics using a monopole-dipole microphone array ...... 369 Durand R. Begault and Jonathan S. Abel 1pAAc12 Audibility of edge diffraction in auralization of a stage house ...... 371 Rendell R. Torres and Mendel Kleiner

1pAO LONG-RANGE PROPAGATION FOR MEASUREMENT OF OCEAN PROCESSES II

1pAO1 Constraints on ocean internal wave spectra from long-range acoustic transmission data ...... 373 John Viechnicki, Michael G. Brown, and the ATOC Group 1pAO2 Measurements of the travel-time bias caused by internal waves ...... 375 Matthew Dzieciuch and the AST Group 1pAO3 Basin-scale internal-wave tomography using a large-aperture vertical array ...... 377 John A. Colosi 1pAO4 A statistical theory of low-frequency sound propagation through internal waves ...... 379 Alexander G. Voronovich 1pAO5 Partially saturated transmission scintillation and the bias of the sonar equation ...... 381 Nicholas C. Makris 1pAO6 1000 km square scale propagation from ocean acoustic tomography experiment in the Kuroshio Extension region ...... 383 Hidetoshi Fujimori, Iwao Nakano, Toshiaki Nakamura, Guan Yuan, Kazuo Barada, Yoshimitsu Maejima, Takashi Kamoshida, and Akio Kaya 1pAO7 Preliminary results from a large-scale 3-D tomography experiment in the Kuroshio Extension Region ...... 385 Gang Yuan, Iwao Nakano, Hidetoshi Fujimori, Toshiaki Nakamura, Takashi Kamoshida, Tatsuo Zaima, and Akio Kaya 1pAO8 Monitoring temperature variability along the California coast using acoustic tomography ...... 387 Ching-Sang Chiu, Thierry Morvillez, and Curtis A. Collins 1pAO9 Ocean acoustic tomography using explosive charges to observe the submerged mesoscale oceanic variability in the East Sea of Korea ...... 389 Jung Yul Na, Sang Kyu Han, and Taebo Shim 1pAO10 Long range three-dimensional classical dynamics of acoustic rays in an ocean which contains mesoscale structure ...... 391 Michael A. Wolfson and Steven Tomsovic

1pBV NOVEL APPROACHES TO ULTRASOUND IMAGING II

1pBV1 Acoustic microscopy in pathological specimens ...... 393 Michael Halliwell, Joe Eavis, Jem Berry, and Peter Wells 1pBV2 Tissue harmonic imaging in cardiology and radiology applications ...... 395 Michalakis A. Averkiou, James R. Jago, David N. Roundhill, and Jeffry E. Powers 1pBV3 Characteristics of ultrasonic holography ...... 397 George F. Garlick

B10 1pBV4 Ultrasonic focusing and steering through skull: Towards brain imaging ...... 399 Mickae¨l Tanter, Jean-Louis Thomas, and Mathias Fink 1pBV5 High resolution ultrasound imaging system for soft tissues ...... 401 Ye Shigong, Liu Xiaozhou, Gong Xiufen, Zhang Weiya, and Jia YiQin 1pBV6 Inverse imaging of the breast using a conjugate-gradient neural-network technique ...... 403 Xiaodong Zhang, Shira L. Broschat, and Patrick J. Flynn 1pBV7 A ﬁlter-based pulse-echo coded-excitation system for real-time cardiac imaging ...... 405 Emad S. Ebbini, Jian Shen, and Idris Elbakri 1pBV8 Main error sources in ultrasound transmission tomography imaging ...... 407 Krzysztof J. Opielin´ski and Tadeusz Gudra 1pBV9 Aggressive region growing for speckle reduction in ultrasound images ...... 409 Ruming Yin, Yan Chen, Patrick J. Flynn, and Shira L. Broschat 1pBV10 Image based calculation of elevational B-scan separation ...... 411 Jochen F. Kru¨cker, Theresa A. Tuthill, Gerald L. LeCarpentier, J. Brian Fowlkes, and Paul L. Carson

1pEA NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION

1pEA1 Acoustic detection of a non-metallic object embedded in a ground material ...... 413 H. M. Tavossi and B. R. Tittmann 1pEA2 High frequency imaging of thickness degradation in steel containment vessels and liners ...... 415 Joseph E. Bondaryk 1pEA3 The piezoelectric implant method compared to classical ultrasonic spectroscopy: Application to the monitoring of polymer curing ...... 417 Agne`s Raquois, Mohamed Tabellout, Jacques Emery, and Yves Jayet 1pEA4 Interface wave source concepts for a seismo-acoustic sonar ...... 419 Frederick E. Gaghan, Steven R. Baker, and Thomas G. Muir 1pEA5 Approximate computational model for sound generation due to unsteady ﬂows in pipes ...... 421 Michael Krane, Daniel Sinder, and James Flanagan 1pEA6 Acoustic-wave detection by optical beam deﬂection ...... 423 James N. Caron, Yuqiao Yang, James B. Mehl, and Karl V. Steiner 1pEA7 Laser-based NDE using gas-coupled laser acoustic detection ...... 425 James N. Caron, Yuqiao Yang, James B. Mehl, and Karl V. Steiner 1pEA8 Direct detection of acoustic waves by laser light diffraction and proposals of the optophone ...... 427 Y. Sonoda 1pEA9 Nondestructive SAW technique of acoustic transient spectroscopy to study deep centers in semiconductor heterostructures ...... 429 Peter Bury and Igor Jamnicky´ 1pEA10 Spectroscopy of deep centers in high resistivity GaAs using light beam generated interface ...... 431 Peter Bury

1pMU THE PURPOSEFUL USE OF NONLINEAR DISTORTION IN MUSICAL PERFORMANCE: THE ERIC DOLPHY/ JIMI HENDRIX CELEBRATORY SESSION

1pMU1 Some nonlinear aspects of the ear as a sound detector and a sound emitter: Comparisons with the properties of musical instruments ...... 433 Arnold Tubis, Carrick L. Talmadge, and Glenis R. Long 1pMU2 Deliberate use of distortion in singing ...... 435 Ingo R. Titze

B11 1pMU3 An acoustical appreciation of the extended performance aspects of Eric Dolphy’s musical craft ...... 437 Douglas H. Keefe 1pMU4 Eric Dolphy’s playing style in the Vienna Art Orchestra’s performance ...... 439 Alexandra Hettergott 1pMU5 When bad ampliﬁcation is good: Distortion as an artistic tool for guitar players ...... 441 Tilmann Zwicker and Søren Buus 1pMU6 Jimi Hendrix’ use of distortion to extend the performance vocabulary of the electric guitar ...... 443 James J. Fricke

1pNSa IMPULSE NOISE ASSESSMENT

1pNSa1 Impulse noise and startle ...... 445 Ian H. Flindell 1pNSa2 Comparison of procedures for the quantification of the impulsivity of environmental sounds ...... 447 Giovanni Brambilla 1pNSa3 On fitting functions to data for the percent of a community highly annoyed to noise such as impulsive noise ...... 449 Paul D. Schomer and Karl W. Hirsch 1pNSa4 On the rating of high-energy impulsive sounds: Optimization of a level- dependent conversion procedure with the help of new field survey results ...... 451 Joos Vos and Edmund Buchta 1pNSa5 Community response to artillery and road-traffic sounds—A new field survey ...... 453 Edmund Buchta and Joos Vos 1pNSa6 Effect of low frequency content on the rate of growth of annoyance of impulsive sounds ...... 455 Sanford Fidell, Karl S. Pearsons, and Laura A. Silvati 1pNSa7 Prediction of the difference between CSEL and ASEL of blast sounds for purposes of predicting annoyance ...... 457 Karl-W. Hirsch 1pNSa8 A further test of the relevance of ASEL and CSEL in the determination of the rating sound level for shooting sounds ...... 459 Joos Vos 1pNSa9 Impulse noise metrics and their application to noise from low flying military jet aircraft ...... 461 G. Kerry, P. D. Wheeler, T. I. Hempstock, and D. J. James 1pNSa10 Wideband noise signatures from low altitude military jet overflights ...... 463 C. Lomax, G. Kerry, and D. J. James

1pNSb NOVEL APPROACHES TO NOISE CONTROL BARRIERS II

1pNSb1 Scale modelling of railway noise barriers ...... 465 D. C. Hothersall, K. V. Horoshenkov, and P. A. Morgan 1pNSb2 Specific problems on the use of noise barriers on viaducts ...... 467 Jean-Pierre Clairbois, Peter Houtave, and Vincent Tre´fois 1pNSb3 Source type effect on the efficiency of noise barriers ...... 469 Philippe Jean 1pNSb4 A new in-situ method for the acoustic performance of road traffic noise reducing devices ...... 471 Jean-Pierre Clairbois, Jacques Beaumont, Massimo Garai, and Gerold Schupp 1pNSb5 The effects of atmospheric conditions on insertion loss of highway noise barriers ...... 473 Scott D. Hansen and Courtney B. Burroughs 1pNSb6 An innovative approach to predict sound field in a complex outdoor environment ..... 475 Shahram Taherzadeh, Kai Ming Li, and Keith Attenborough

B12 1pPAa OUTDOOR SOUND PROPAGATION II

1pPAa1 Surface waves over a convex impedance ground ...... 477 Kai Ming Li and Qiang Wang 1pPAa2 Modeling the effects of refraction and diffraction on wave propagation in a 3-D turbulent atmosphere ...... 479 Kenneth E. Gilbert and Xiao Di 1pPAa3 Scattering of acoustic impulse waveforms by turbules ...... 481 C. G. Don and I. D. McLeod 1pPAa4 Sound propagation through time-dependent random media ...... 483 Philippe Blanc-Benon, Kevin Wert, and Daniel Juve´ 1pPAa5 Acoustic measurements in an airport environment and the identification of the sound radiated by aircraft wake vortices ...... 485 Neal Fine, Frank Rees, and William Von Winkle 1pPAa6 Spectral element analysis of sound propagation in a muffler ...... 487 Wen H. Lin, Daniel C. Chan, and Munir M. Sindir 1pPAa7 The effects of turbulent intermittency on scattering for varying degrees of saturation ...... 489 David E. Norris, D. Keith Wilson, and Dennis W. Thomson 1pPAa8 The effects of atmospheric turbulence on the cross correlation between wind and travel time fluctuations ...... 491 David E. Norris, Leif Kristensen, Jakob Mann, Dennis W. Thomson, and David C. Swanson 1pPAa9 Acoustic determination of scale and structure constants in fluctuating fluid ...... 493 Volker Mellert and Bernhard Schwarz-Ro¨hr 1pPAa10 Model experiments and predictions of sound field in a downward refracting medium ...... 495 Qiang Wang and Kai Ming Li 1pPAa11 Inclined acoustic sounding of the atmospheric boundary layer ...... 497 I. P. Chunchuzov 1pPAa12 Calculation of sound reduction by a screen in a turbulent atmosphere using the parabolic equation method ...... 499 Jens Forsseń

1pPAb SCATTERING FROM FLUID-LOADED OBJECTS

1pPAb1 Scattering by partially-buried shells ...... 501 Raymond Lim 1pPAb2 Visualization of the energy flux in an ensonified fluid loaded elastic sphere ...... 503 Cleon E. Dean and James P. Braselton 1pPAb3 Experimental measurements and theoretical modelling of acoustic scattering by a cube ...... 505 Victor F. Humphrey, Jingdong Zhang, and Paul A. Chinnery 1pPAb4 Direct and inverse obstacle scattering by shape deformation ...... 507 D. N. Ghosh Roy, Luise Couchman, and Jeremy Warner 1pPAb5 The scattering of hydrodynamic flow into sound by solid bodies—An alternative derivation of Howe’s formula ...... 509 Dan Lin and Alan Powell 1pPAb6 Interaction of an acoustic plane wave with a circular elastic plate in water ...... 511 Yannick Eudeline, Hugues Duflo, Jean-Louis Izbicki, and Jean Duclos 1pPAb7 Scattering by an elastic cylinder buried in a sedimentary fluid media ...... 513 Arnaud Coatanhay and Jean-Marc Conoir 1pPAb8 Transient diffraction of a plane step pressure pulse by a hard sphere—Neo- classical solution ...... 515 H. Huang and G. C. Gaunaurd

B13 1pPAb9 Bistatic sonar cross-sections and time-frequency signatures of simple targets insonified by an acoustic pulse ...... 517 Guillermo C. Gaunaurd and Hans C. Strifors 1pPAb10 New results for diffraction from an impedance wedge ...... 519 Andrew N. Norris and Andrey V. Osipov 1pPAb11 Physical nature of the first circumferential wave of a Lucite cylinder immersed in water ...... 521 Farid Chati, Fernand León, and Ge´rard Maze 1pPAb12 A new model to predict echoes of large, smooth targets, with finite dimensions transducers, at a low cpu cost ...... 523 J. L. Berton, C. Riffard, D. Dedieu, and C. Dominjon 1pPAb13 Prediction of echoes from small targets: Modelisation and application to a telemetry problem ...... 525 C. Riffard, J. L. Berton, and C. Estienne 1pPAb14 Matrix theory of elastic resonance scattering ...... 527 Myoung-Seon Choi

1pPAc NONLINEAR WAVE PROPAGATION IN FLUIDS

1pPAc1 New symmetries and conservation laws for lossless KZK equation ...... 529 Oleg A. Sapozhnikov and Andrei G. Kudryavtsev 1pPAc2 Nonlinear wave propagation from a discrete annular array: Theory ...... 531 Steven G. Kargl, Ronald A. Roy, and Patrick Edson 1pPAc3 Nonlinear wave propagation from a discrete annular array: Experiments ...... 533 Patrick Edson, Ronald A. Roy, and Steven G. Kargl 1pPAc4 On the asymmetric shape of shock waves in focused sound fields ...... 535 Halvor Hobæk 1pPAc5 Parametric efficiency of a bi-frequency focusing Gaussian nonlinear source ...... 537 M. Serhat O¨ zyar 1pPAc6 Generation of harmonics in the nearfield of finite amplitude sources ...... 539 Eugeniusz Kozaczka and Graz˙yna Grelowska 1pPAc7 Raman-Nath diffraction caused at the focal point of a concave type transducer ...... 541 Yoshiaki Watanabe, Hironaka Miyaki, and Keisuke Fujita 1pPAc8 Parameter sensitivity in nonlinear and dissipative time-reversed acoustics ...... 543 Claes M. Hedberg 1pPAc9 Induced transparency of an acoustical waveguide, containing a liquid with nonlinear viscosity ...... 545 O. M. Zozulya 1pPAc10 Application of the three-wave interaction to the problem of acoustical monitoring of complicated media ...... 547 S. A. Rybak 1pPAc11 Application of nonlinear interaction of sound waves in sound reproduction ...... 549 Dong Weiguo, Wu Qunli, and Ling Shih Fu

1pPP PERIPHERAL PROCESSES, MODELS AND LOUDNESS

1pPP1 Frequency-dependent saturation in inner hair cell responses ...... 551 M. A. Cheatham and P. Dallos 1pPP2 Linear and nonlinear modeling techniques for cochlear mechanics ...... 553 Karl Grosh, Anand A. Parthasarathi, and Alfred L. Nuttall 1pPP3 Rejecting a cochlear-partition model with constant mass ...... 555 Timothy A. Wilson 1pPP4 Determination of roots of eikonal equation for WKB solution in cochlear models ...... 557 Anand A. Parthasarathi, Karl Grosh, and Alfred L. Nuttall 1pPP5 A signal detection theoretic analysis of the Carney model of auditory processing ...... 559 Leslie M. Collins and Lisa C. Gresham

B14 1pPP6 Signal detection theoretic analysis of auditory processing: Phase uncertaintyand multiple channel integration ...... 561 Lisa C. Gresham and Leslie M. Collins 1pPP7 A descriptive model of under- and over-shoot patterns in the temporal masking function of a narrowband noise ...... 563 C. Formby, J. C. Rutledge, M. G. Heinz, L. P. Sherlock, and I. V. Aleksandrovsky 1pPP8 Detection of an increment in a single frequency component of a noise background as a function of increment frequency and duration ...... 565 C. Formby, M. G. Heinz, and I. V. Aleksandrovsky 1pPP9 A uniﬁed theory of two-tone suppression and the upward-spread of masking ...... 567 J. B. Allen and D. Sen 1pPP10 Equal-loudness relations at high frequencies: Implications for loudness growth ...... 569 Rhona Hellman, Hisashi Takeshima, Yoˆiti Suzuki, Kenji Ozawa, Takanori Yamaguchi, Yusaku Sasaki, and Toshio Sone 1pPP11 Global and continuous judgements of sounds with time-varying intensity: Cross- modal matching with a proprioceptive input device ...... 571 Patrick Susini and Stephen McAdams 1pPP12 On the effects of a subharmonic masker on the loudness of a pure tone ...... 573 Kenji Ozawa, William Hellman, Yoshinori Inoue, Yoiti Suzuki, and Toshio Sone

1pSA RADIATION AND SCATTERING FROM ELASTIC STRUCTURES

1pSA1 Sound scattering by a fluid-loaded finite cylindrical shell ...... 575 Aleksander Klauson, Jaan Metsaveer, Nicolas Touraine, Dominique Dećultot, and Ge´rard Maze 1pSA2 Meridional and helical ray contributions to backscattering by titled cylindrical shells: High frequency tone burst and wide bandwidth measurements and interpretation ...... 577 Scot F. Morse and Philip L. Marston 1pSA3 A method of target characterization based on the analysis of Scholte-Stoneley and Lamb-type waves scattered by submerged fluid-filled thin-walled shells ...... 579 Alessandra Tesei, Warren L. J. Fox, Alain Maguer, and Arne Løvik 1pSA4 Scattering from elastic targets near a planar boundary ...... 581 Garner C. Bishop and Judy Smith 1pSA5 Convolution formulation for high-frequency leaky wave scattering enhancements for solids and shells with truncations: Evaluation of the surface integral and experimental and computational tests ...... 583 Philip L. Marston, Karen Gipson, and Scot F. Morse 1pSA6 Vibroacoustical modelling and modal analysis of a double wall panel ...... 585 S. J. Pietrzko 1pSA7 Angular distribution of incident sound energy for estimating the sound transmission loss of multi-layered panels ...... 587 Hyun-Ju Kang, Hyun-Sil Kim, Jae-Seung Kim, Sang-Ryul Kim, and Jeong-Guon Ih 1pSA8 An analytical model for band-limited response of vibroacoustic systems ...... 589 K. S. Sum and J. Pan 1pSA9 Optimization procedures for strain sensing in active structural acoustic control ...... 591 P. Masson and A. Berry 1pSA10 Measurements and modeling of the transient acoustic field at impacted plates ...... 593 Antoine Chaigne, Christophe Lambourg, and Staffan Schedin 1pSA11 Nearfield acoustic source identification based on numerical models and operational pressure data ...... 595 Paul Sas and Peter Mas 1pSA12 Visualization of sound field generated by plate-cavity coupled system using acoustic holography ...... 597 Yang-Hann Kim and Sea-Moon Kim

B15 1pSC THE STATE OF THE ART IN SPEECH TECHNOLOGY

1pSC1 Building acoustic models for speech recognition ...... 599 Francesco Scattone 1pSC2 Spoken language technology research at Microsoft ...... 601 X. D. Huang 1pSC3 Recent activities in spoken language processing at LIMSI ...... 603 Jean-Luc Gauvain and Lori Lamel 1pSC4 Recent advances in speech recognition at IBM Research ...... 605 Ponani S. Gopalakrishnan 1pSC5 Research and development of robust speech recognition ...... 607 Kiyoaki Aikawa 1pSC6 21st century user interfaces within the telecommunication industry: Speech processing is the key ...... 609 Jay Wilpon 1pSC7 Natural speech dialogue systems ...... 611 Volker Steinbiss 1pSC8 Recent advances in speech recognition for spontaneous speech translation ...... 613 Yoshinori Sagisaka 1pSC9 Speech trends and predictions, or do we need text? ...... 615 Patti Price 1pSC10 From speech recognition to understanding: Shifting the paradigm to achieve natural human-machine communication ...... 617 B. H. Juang

1pSP NON-STATIONARY AND WAVELET PROCESSING METHODS

1pSP1 Improvement of pitch detection using signal specific analyzing wavelet ...... 619 Yoshifumi Chisaki, Tsuyoshi Usagawa, and Masanao Ebata 1pSP2 Comparison between DyWT- and EGG-based estimation of glottal closure instant for speech signal ...... 621 Jongwon Seok, Youngho Son, and Keunsung Bae 1pSP3 A novel endpoint detection method for noisy speech signal ...... 623 Jongwon Seok and Keunsung Bae 1pSP4 Speech enhancement by a Kalman filter based on wavelet transformation coefficients ...... 625 Ryouichi Nishimura, Futoshi Asano, Yoîti Suzuki, and Toshio Sone 1pSP5 Time variation characterization of a nonstationary time series ...... 627 Nai-chyuan ͑Nate͒ Yen 1pSP6 Comparison of methods for analysis of cyclostationary noise ...... 629 Karel Vokurka

1pUW SOURCES, ARRAYS, TRACKING AND LOCALIZATION

1pUW1 Localized wave pulses in the Keyport experiment ...... 631 David H. Chambers and D. Kent Lewis 1pUW2 Localized wave generation with a standard underwater array ...... 633 D. Kent Lewis, David H. Chambers, Christopher S. Mullin, and Richard W. Ziolkowski 1pUW3 An inexpensive lightweight ocean acoustic research array ...... 635 Garry J. Heard and Wayne Higgins 1pUW4 Optimal array element localization ...... 637 Stan E. Dosso and Barbara J. Sotirin 1pUW5 Detection and tracking of a moving source with application to real data „SWellEx-3… ...... 639 Stacy L. Tantum and Loren W. Nolte 1pUW6 Characterization of fault processes in central Arctic ice ...... 641 Catherine Stamoulis and Ira Dyer

B16 1pUW7 A time-reversal mirror with variable depth focusing ...... 643 H. C. Song, W. A. Kuperman, W. S. Hodgkiss, T. Akal, C. Ferla, and D. R. Jackson 1pUW8 A piecewise matched-field tracking algorithm ...... 645 Michael J. Wilmut and John M. Ozard 1pUW9 Effects of environmental mismatch on broadband Bartlett sidelobe structures ...... 647 Aaron M. Thode, Gerald L. D’Spain, Hee Chun Song, and William A. Kuperman 1pUW10 A PE-based backpropagation algorithm for matched-field processing ...... 649 David J. Thomson, Gordon R. Ebbeson, and Brian H. Maranda 1pUW11 Regularized matched-mode processing ...... 651 Nicole E. Collison and Stan E. Dosso 1pUW12 A modified grid method for matched-field localization ...... 653 Ling Xiao, Renhe Zhang, and Lianghao Guo

1pPLb PLENARY LECTURE

1pPLb1 Adapted waveform analysis, A tool for audio processing and enhancement ...... 655 Ronald R. Coifman

VOLUME II

2aPLa PLENARY LECTURE

2aPLa1 Non-invasive ultrasonic surgery ...... 659 Gail ter Haar

2aAAa SOUND FIELD FOR SINGERS AND ORCHESTRA, PART 2

2aAAa1 Individual preference on the delay time of a single reﬂection for cellists ...... 663 Shin-ichi Sato, Saho Ota, and Yoichi Ando 2aAAa2 A study of improvements to acoustical conditions for singer ...... 665 Dennis Noson 2aAAa3 Some recent experiences with the acoustical design of orchestra pits ...... 667 Kurt Graffy, Larry Tedford, and Dennis Paoletti 2aAAa4 The virtual orchestra: Creative issues ...... 669 Frederick W. Bianchi and Richard H. Campbell 2aAAa5 The virtual orchestra: Acoustical and audio engineering issues ...... 671 Richard H. Campbell and Frederick W. Bianchi 2aAAa6 The effect of early reﬂection on players in concert hall ...... 673 Kanako Ueno, Fumiaki Satoh, Hideki Tachibana, Takahiko Ono, and Mariko Senju

2aAAb SOUND FIELD FOR THE AUDIENCE, PART 2

2aAAb1 Boxes and sound quality in an Italian opera house ...... 675 Alessandro Cocchi, Massimo Garai, and Carla Tavernelli 2aAAb2 Measurements of the sound energy polarization at some locations inside an Italian opera house ...... 677 Domenico Stanzial, Davide Bonsi, and Nicola Prodi 2aAAb3 Measurements in opera houses: Comparison between different techniques and equipment ...... 679 Patrizio Fausti, Angelo Farina, and Roberto Pompoli 2aAAb4 Individual subjective preference of listeners for vocal music sources in relation to the subsequent reverberation time of sound ﬁelds ...... 681 Hiroyuki Sakai, Hiroshi Setoguchi, and Yoichi Ando

B17 2aAB INSECT, INSECTIVORE AND AVIAN ACOUSTICS

2aAB1 Scale effects as constraints in insect sound communication ...... 683 H. C. Bennet-Clark 2aAB2 Acoustic detection and identiﬁcation of insects in soil ...... 685 Richard W. Mankin, Robert L. Crocker, Kathy L. Flanders, and Jeffrey P. Shapiro 2aAB3 Two-tone suppression of the ultrasound induced startle response in a cricket ...... 687 Hamilton E. Farris and Ronald R. Hoy 2aAB4 Synchrony in cricket calling songs: Models of coupled biological oscillators ...... 689 T. G. Forrest, Joel Ariaratnam, and Steven H. Strogatz 2aAB5 Functional anatomy of the middle ear of insectivores ...... 691 Matthew J. Mason 2aAB6 Acoustics of the avian vocal tract ...... 693 Neville Fletcher and Alex Tarnopolsky 2aAB7 Bioacoustic correlates of female choice in European starlings ...... 695 T. Q. Gentner and S. H. Hulse

2aAO SURF ZONE OCEANOGRAPHY AND ACOUSTICS I

2aAO1 The Scripps Pier Bubble Experiment of 1997 ...... 697 J. W. Caruthers, P. A. Elmore, S. J. Stanic, and R. R. Goodman 2aAO2 Vertical proﬁles and horizontal scales of bubble clouds in the surf zone as measured with a distributed array of upward-looking sonars ...... 699 Peter H. Dahl, Stephen J. Stanic, Robert A. Fisher, Robert G. Drever, and Roger W. Meredith 2aAO3 Bubble generation and dispersion in the surf zone ...... 701 Svein Vagle, David M. Farmer, and Grant B. Deane 2aAO4 Bubbles and surf zone oceanography ...... 703 Eric J. Terrill and W. Kendall Melville 2aAO5 Breaking wave measurment in Sandy Duck ’97 ...... 705 Ming-Yang Su 2aAO6 Tomographic reconstruction of evolving bubble ﬁelds in the Scripps Pier Bubble Experiment ...... 707 Daniel Rouseff, Frank S. Henyey, Paul A. Elmore, and Jerald W. Caruthers 2aAO7 Effects of bubbles on high-frequency sound propagation in very shallow water ...... 709 P. A. Elmore, J. W. Caruthers, S. J. Stanic, and R. R. Goodman 2aAO8 A novel approach for obtaining bubble dissolution measurements at sea ...... 711 Russell Costa, Ronald A. Roy, Kerry W. Commander, Victor B. Johnson, and Andrew C. Colbert 2aAO9 Analysis of free bubble cloud scattering data from the Lake Seneca experiment ...... 713 J. Gregory McDaniel, Ronald A. Roy, Andrew D. Gephart, and William M. Carey 2aAO10 Sound radiation by a bubble encountering a vortex ring ...... 715 Ali R. Kolaini

2aBV HIGH INTENSITY THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND I

2aBV1 Biological effects of ultrasound ...... 717 Wesley L. Nyborg 2aBV2 Therapeutic ultrasound: A promising future in clinical medicine ...... 719 Lawrence Crum, Michael Bailey, Peter Kaczkowski, Inder Makin, Pierre Mourad, Kirk Beach, Stephen Carter, Udo Schmiedl, Wayne Chandler, Roy Martin, Shahram Vaezy, George Keilman, Robin Cleveland, and Ronald Roy 2aBV3 Acoustic liver cauterization: A potential tool for bloodless surgery ...... 721 Roy Martin, Shahram Vaezy, Scott Helton, Michael Caps, Peter Kaczkowski, George Keilman, Steve Carter, Wayne Chandler, Pierre Mourad, Kirk Beach, and Lawrence Crum

B18 2aBV4 High intensity focused ultrasound transducer design for surgical and hemostatic applications ...... 723 George W. Keilman and Peter J. Kaczkowski 2aBV5 Acoustic ﬁeld of a device for noninvasive pressure wave therapies in orthopedics ...... 725 Eckard Steiger, Thomas Dreyer, and Ju¨rgen Mayer 2aBV6 Ex-vivo studies of the effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound on whole blood ..... 727 Sandy Poliachik, Wayne Chandler, Pierre D. Mourad, Susannah Bloch, Michael Bailey, Robin Cleveland, Lawrence A. Crum, Peter Kaczkowski, George Keilman, and Tyrone Porter 2aBV7 Shaping of focused ultrasound beams to expedite thermal necrosis in tumor therapy ...... 729 Frederic L. Lizzi 2aBV8 An image-guided ultrasound phased array system for non-invasive surgery ...... 731 Emad S. Ebbini, Philip D. VanBaren, and Claudio Simon 2aBV9 MRI monitoring and control of focused ultrasound surgery ...... 733 K. Hynynen, N. McDannold, T. Fjield, and D. Daum

2aEA ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCERS FOR APPLICATIONS IN AIR

2aEA1 Influence of air loading and dissipation on plate transducer amplitude ...... 735 Arthur Ballato 2aEA2 Absolute amplitude measurements using a capacitive receiver ...... 737 M. A. Breazeale 2aEA3 Silicon micromachined ultrasonic transducers ...... 739 B. T. Khuri-Yakub 2aEA4 Air transducers with high acoustic impedance ...... 741 Lawrence C. Lynnworth 2aEA5 Ultrasonic capacitance transducers for flow and temperature tomography in air ...... 743 D. A. Hutchins, W. M. D. Wright, D. W. Schindel, and P. W. Carpenter 2aEA6 Ultrasonic air-coupled capacitance transducers using thin mica films ...... 745 Paul Ingleby, Toby J. Robertson, David A. Hutchins, and David W. Schindel 2aEA7 Recent developments in air-coupled ultrasonic capacitive transducers for use with NDE experiments ...... 747 Craig S. McIntyre, David A. Hutchins, and David W. Schindel

2aMU PHYSICS AND MATERIALS OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS I

2aMU1 Fluid dynamic aspects of human voice and brass instruments: Implications for sound synthesis ...... 749 Xavier Pelorson, Regis Msallam, Joel Gilbert, and Avraham Hirschberg 2aMU2 The effect of wall materials on the timbre of brass instruments ...... 751 Robert W. Pyle, Jr. 2aMU3 The effect of wall vibrations on the timbre of organ pipes ...... 753 Judit Angster, Gyo¨rgy Paa´l, W. Garen, and Andra´s Miklo´s 2aMU4 Acoustically driven sinuous instability of a planar air jet ...... 755 A. W. Nolle 2aMU5 Jet wave ampliﬁcation in organ pipes ...... 757 Shigeru Yoshikawa 2aMU6 Interpretation of shear material properties of vocal fold mucosal tissues with Fung’s quasi-linear viscoelastic theory ...... 759 Roger W. Chan and Ingo R. Titze 2aMU7 Theoretical and experimental investigation of the air-driven free reed ...... 761 James P. Cottingham 2aMU8 Material and obsolescence on ﬂute quality ...... 763 Alessandro Cocchi and Lamberto Tronchin

B19 2aNSa ACOUSTICS OF BUILDINGS

2aNSa1 Active attenuation of fan noise in air-conditioning duct ...... 765 Ondrˇej Jirˇ´ıcˇek and Petr Konıćˇek 2aNSa2 Studies on a new type of silencers for air ducts ...... 767 Fathy B. Shenoda and Reda N. Haroun 2aNSa3 Noise of cleanroom recirculation air systems ...... 769 Mei Q. Wu and Colin G. Gordon 2aNSa4 Noise and vibration characteristics of cleanroom fan-filter units ...... 771 Mei Q. Wu and Colin G. Gordon 2aNSa5 Design and acoustical characteristics of anechoic room with high-power heating or cooling and sound field free transform system ...... 773 Yang Weicheng, Yang Jiahua, Qiao Wuzhi, and Liao Wenbin 2aNSa6 Demystifying sound power measurements with sound intensity ...... 775 Peter Larsen and Douglas Manvell

2aNSb COMMUNITY NOISE ANNOYANCE FROM ENTERTAINMENT AND OTHER SOURCES

2aNSb1 A Hong Kong approach to control noise from outdoor entertainment activities ...... 777 Sam W. H. Wong, K. S. Chan, Y. K. Kam, and P. S. Ng 2aNSb2 Annoyance and health effects of entertainment noise ...... 779 Christopher G. Rice 2aNSb3 Proactive concert sound management: The essential ingredient for community acceptance of outdoor concert venues ...... 781 Richard G. Cann and William J. Cavanaugh 2aNSb4 Entertainment park noise control devices ...... 783 Alessandro Cocchi, Ombretta Pinazza, and Giovanni Semprini 2aNSb5 Comparison of predicted and measured noise levels for reﬁnery units ...... 785 Frank H. Brittain and Mark M. Gmerek 2aNSb6 Acoustic modelling and simulation of an urban substation ...... 787 Eduardo Bauzer Medeiros and Gia Kroeff 2aNSb7 Environmental pollution and noise control of two power generator sets placed into a recreative area ...... 789 Victor Rastelli, Nila Montbrun, and Alexis Buoza

2aPAa DUCTS AND TUBES

2aPAa1 The effect of mass transfer on sound propagation in cylindrical tubes using the low reduced frequency approximation ...... 791 Craig J. Hickey, Richard Raspet, and James M. Sabatier 2aPAa2 Measurement of the radiation impedance of a pipe with a circular flange ...... 793 Jean-Pierre Dalmont and Nicolas Joly 2aPAa3 Boundary-integral-equation methods for accurate calculation of acoustic fields ...... 795 James B. Mehl 2aPAa4 Numerical study of sound field radiated from a circular duct with an open end ...... 797 Zhichi Zhu, Anqi Zhou, Dongtao Huang, and Qing Guo 2aPAa5 Experimental investigation on nonlinear standing waves by two tube structure ...... 799 Liu Ke and Maa Dah-you 2aPAa6 Influence of airflow on sound propagation in a curved tunnel ...... 801 Hiroyuki Imaizumi and Takehiro Isei 2aPAa7 Acoustic propagation in presence of an arbitrary flow ...... 803 Christophe Peyret 2aPAa8 Propagation of vibration waves in a pipe ...... 805 Mihail-Dan F. Simion, Gabriela D. Simion, and Florian-Paul I. Simion

B20 2aPAb TOPICS IN THERMOACOUSTICS

2aPAb1 Simple model for temperature gradient formation in a short stack ...... 807 Ralph T. Muehleisen and Anthony A. Atchley 2aPAb2 Performance measurements of a thermoacoustic refrigerator at high amplitudes ...... 809 Matthew E. Poese and Steven L. Garrett 2aPAb3 Extended performance measurements for SETAC ...... 811 Anat Grant and Steven L. Garrett 2aPAb4 Solar/heat driven thermoacoustic engine ...... 813 Reh-Lin Chen and Steven L. Garrett 2aPAb5 Thermoacoustic refrigeration demonstration ...... 815 Ray Scott Wakeland and Steven L. Garrett 2aPAb6 Precision measurements of thermoacoustics in a single pore ...... 817 G. Petculescu and L. Wilen 2aPAb7 Temperature distribution in a circular thermoacoustic pore ...... 819 George Mozurkewich 2aPAb8 Linear resonant duct thermoacoustic refrigerator having regenerator stacks ...... 821 Y. T. Kim, S. J. Suh, and M. G. Kim 2aPAb9 Theory of nonlinear acoustic waves in thermoacoustic prime mover ...... 823 Vitalyi Gusev, Pierrick Lotton, He´le`ne Bailliet, and Michel Bruneau

2aPP FROM EAR CANAL TO CORTEX—CLEARCUTS AND OLD GROWTH

2aPP1 Temporal versus spectral cues in AM detection ...... 825 Martin Rickert and Neal Viemeister 2aPP2 Estimates of temporal resolution at low and high spectral frequencies ...... 827 David A. Eddins 2aPP3 Detecting irregularity of envelope modulation ...... 829 Stanley Sheft 2aPP4 Effects of carrier level on supra-threshold AM processing ...... 831 Magdalena Wojtczak and Neal Viemeister 2aPP5 Variations of the leaky-integrator model and validation with detection of sinusoidal and percentage duty-cycle modulated noise ...... 833 John A. Nelson and Ruth A. Bentler 2aPP6 Comodulation masking release with tone pips added out of phase to the valleys of a sinusoidally amplitude modulated pure tone ...... 835 Deborah A. Fantini, Roel Delahaye, and Ray Meddis 2aPP7 Comodulation masking release: The effect of the characteristics of noisebands presented before and after a signal ...... 837 Lee Mendoza, Joseph W. Hall, III, and John H. Grose 2aPP8 Perception of roughness in harmonic multitones ...... 839 Andrzej B. Dobrucki and Maurycy J. Kin 2aPP9 A model of auditory image flow I: Architecture ...... 841 N. P. McAngus Todd 2aPP10 A model of auditory image flow II: Detection of amplitude and frequency modulation ...... 843 N. P. McAngus Todd and Duncan R. Brown 2aPP11 Role of pinna cavities in median plane localization ...... 845 Kazuhiro Iida, Motoki Yairi, and Masayuki Morimoto 2aPP12 The influence of different speech segments on spatial localization ...... 847 Brian L. Karlsen 2aPP13 Underwater sound localization: Role of interaural differences ...... 849 Pierre Bovet, Carolyn Drake, François Bernaschina, and Sophie Savel 2aPP14 A new model for binaural signal detection ...... 851 Jeroen Breebaart, Steven van de Par, and Armin Kohlrausch 2aPP15 Further evidence for the influence of peripheral compression on binaural detection .... 853 Steven van de Par and Armin Kohlrausch

B21 2aPP16 Model of auditory localization using neural networks ...... 855 Scott K. Isabelle, James A. Janko, and Robert H. Gilkey 2aPP17 On the difference between absolute and relative auditory distance perception ...... 857 Hae-Young Kim, Yoîti Suzuki, Shouichi Takane, Kenji Ozawa, and Toshio Sone 2aPP18 Auditory motion aftereffects with a two-tone adapter ...... 859 Hisashi Uematsu and Makio Kashino 2aPP19 Echolocation by moving and stationary listeners ...... 861 Michael S. Gordon, Lawrence D. Rosenblum, and Luis Jarquin 2aPP20 Reflectance measurements of the acoustic reflex input-output function ...... 863 M. Patrick Feeney and Douglas H. Keefe 2aPP21 Vibration measurement of the tympanic membrane using the time-averaged speckle pattern interferometry ...... 865 Hiroshi Wada, Masataka Takeuchi, Koji Hozawa, Takashi Gemma, and Makoto Nara 2aPP22 Filter shapes for brief signals as a function of preceding stimulation ...... 867 Elizabeth A. Strickland 2aPP23 Variable-duration notched-noise experiments in a noise context ...... 869 James J. Hant, Brian P. Strope, and Abeer A. Alwan 2aPP24 Comparison of psychophysical and neural thresholds in response to electrical stimulation of the cochlea in guinea pigs ...... 871 Bryan E. Pfingst, Lisa M. Montney, and Sanford C. Bledsoe 2aPP25 Physiological correlates of the ‘‘mean-term’’ auditory adaptation ...... 873 Nikolay G. Bibikov and Oxana N. Grubnik 2aPP26 Mechanisms underlying recovery from forward masking in electrical stimulation ...... 875 Monita Chatterjee 2aPP27 Neurophysiological and psychophysical measures of duration discrimination in normal-hearing adults and adults with cochlear implants ...... 877 Patricia G. Trautwein, Curtis W. Ponton, Betty Kwong, and Michael D. Waring 2aPP28 Spectro-temporal influence on auditory cortical evoked potential thresholds ...... 879 Ann Clock Eddins 2aPP29 Psychometric functions for gap detection ...... 881 Mary Florentine, Søren Buus, and Wei Geng 2aPP30 Suppression and the upward spread of masking ...... 883 Andrew J. Oxenham and Christopher J. Plack 2aPP31 Intensity discrimination of ramped and damped tones ...... 885 Robert S. Schlauch, Dennis T. Ries, Jeffrey J. DiGiovanni, Sarah Elliott, and Shari Campbell 2aPP32 Preferential detection of rising versus falling intensity ...... 887 John G. Neuhoff and Jennifer S. Wess 2aPP33 The detection of differences in rate of frequency change in gliding tones ...... 889 John P. Madden and John G. Pierce 2aPP34 Contribution to the study of the audiometrical scores sources of variation ...... 891 Marielle Bruyninckx, Saı¨da Hamache, and Bernard Harmegnies 2aPP35 Hawkins and Stevens revisited at low frequencies ...... 893 Andrianus J. M. Houtsma 2aPP36 The perception of three tone patterns by Indian and American listeners ...... 895 Nandini Iyer, Evelyn M. Hoglund, and Mari R. Jones 2aPP37 Tempo perception is limited by a short temporal window ...... 897 Nathalie Panissal-Vieu and Carolyn Drake 2aPP38 Investigations and analysis of assessment words for sound quality for the reproduction of high order sensations ...... 899 Tomoharu Ishikawa, Shingo Fuyuki, and Makoto Miyahara 2aPP39 Factor analysis of the perception of the evaluation of environmental sounds using adjectives describing sound quality, emotional state, and information carried by sounds ...... 901 Toshio Sone, Koji Abe, Kenji Ozawa, and Yoîti Suzuki 2aPP40 Sound quality estimation using human hearing sensation ...... 903 Dong-Chul Chung, Soon-Hyob Kim, and Wan-Sup Cheung

B22 2aPP41 Analysis of annoyance of low-frequency beat inside a vehicle ...... 905 K. Genuit and J. Poggenburg 2aPP42 Spectrum contrast and noise annoyance ...... 907 Anna Preis 2aPP43 Detection and discrimination of amplitude-modulated signals in noise ...... 909 King Chung, Fan-Gang Zeng, and Beverly A. Wright

2aSA NEW CHALLENGES IN STRUCTURAL ACOUSTICS

2aSA1 Structural acoustics of consumer products ...... 911 Richard H. Lyon 2aSA2 Wind noise challenge in automobile industry ...... 913 Jen Y. Her and William B. Coney 2aSA3 Brake noise challenge in automobile industry ...... 915 Shih-Emn Chen and Jen-Yuan Her 2aSA4 Integration of small transducers in commercial products ...... 917 Jarmo Hietanen 2aSA5 Complex resonances of elliptic cylinders: Numerical evaluation and full classiﬁcation ...... 919 Ste´phane Ancey, Antoine Folacci, and Paul Gabrielli 2aSA6 Acoustic scattering by a three-cylinder scatterer: Theoretical and numerical study of resonances ...... 921 Paul Gabrielli, Yves Decanini, Antoine Folacci, and Elisabeth Fournier 2aSA7 Bandpass ﬁlters for the evaluation of short reverberation times ...... 923 Malte Kob 2aSA8 Piezoelectric thin shell theoretical model and eigenfunction analysis of radially polarized ceramic cylinders ...... 925 D. D. Ebenezer and Pushpa Abraham

2aSC RHYTHM IN MUSIC AND SPEECH

2aSC1 Limit cycle dynamics in prosody ...... 927 Fred Cummins 2aSC2 Temporal correlates of foot-level timing in English and Japanese ...... 929 Keiichi Tajima and Robert F. Port 2aSC3 Attention, rhythmicity, and expectancy ...... 931 Mari Riess Jones 2aSC4 Context effects in time discrimination ...... 933 J. Devin McAuley 2aSC5 Categorization of temporal intervals ...... 935 Edward W. Large 2aSC6 Models of entraining neural rhythms ...... 937 Bill Baird

2aSP IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES OF ACOUSTICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING IN REAL TIME SYSTEMS I

2aSP1 Implementation of real-time acoustic communications systems ...... 939 Robert Nation, David Herold, Geoffrey Edelson, and Eric Will 2aSP2 An adaptive processing structure for integrated active-passive SONARs deploying cylindrical arrays ...... 941 Amar C. Dhanantwari and Stergios Stergiopoulos 2aSP3 Sound ranging of impulsive sources in air ...... 943 Brian G. Ferguson 2aSP4 Active target detection in the ocean: Optimizing performance and cost ...... 945 Zoi-Heleni Michalopoulou

B23 2aSP5 Implementation of a broadband, environmentally sensitive detector in real time system ...... 947 Georgios Haralabus

2aUW PROPAGATION, AMBIENT NOISE, AND IMAGING

2aUW1 Comparison of simultaneous signal reception over long range among hydrophones with unlike acoustic geometries ...... 949 H. M. Walkinshaw 2aUW2 The form of the normal mode that ensures escape with certainty from a surface channel ...... 951 Edward R. Floyd 2aUW3 Spatial coherence of sound in convergence zones and shallow zones in deep water ..... 953 Dinghua Guan, Renhe Zhang, Yan Wang, and Zhenge Sun 2aUW4 Pulse propagation in random media ...... 955 Dalcio K. Dacol 2aUW5 Time series analysis of propagation in a weakly range-dependent shallow-water environment ...... 957 Finn B. Jensen, Francesco Bini-Verona, Peter L. Nielsen, and Peter Gerstoft 2aUW6 A two-way parabolic equation for a fluid/elastic waveguide ...... 959 Joseph F. Lingevitch and Michael D. Collins 2aUW7 Spatial coherence in range dependent shallow water environments ...... 961 Ilya Rozenfeld, William L. Siegmann, William M. Carey, James F. Lynch, and Peter Cable 2aUW8 Thin-sediment shear-induced effects on low-frequency broadband acoustic propagation in a shallow continental sea ...... 963 Dag Tollefsen 2aUW9 Elimination of branch cuts from the normal mode solution using gradient halfspaces ...... 965 Evan K. Westwood and Robert A. Koch 2aUW10 Improving a practical broadband adiabatic normal mode model by including untrapped modes ...... 967 Robert A. Koch, David P. Knobles, Julienne E. LeMond, and Evan K. Westwood 2aUW11 Parabolic equation models for transverse isotropic sediments ...... 969 Andrew J. Fredericks, William L. Siegmann, and Michael D. Collins 2aUW12 Inclusion of continuum effects in coupled-mode theory using leaky modes ...... 971 David P. Knobles, Robert A. Koch, Steven A. Stotts, and Evan K. Westwood 2aUW13 A search algorithm to predict the resonance frequency of a shallow water soliton packet ...... 973 Stanley A. Chin-Bing, David B. King, Alex Warn Varnas, and Robert A. Zingarelli 2aUW14 Numerical model for low-frequency sound propagation in inhomogeneous waveguides ...... 975 Alexander G. Voronovich 2aUW15 Broadband propagation over randomly varying, range-dependent sediments ...... 977 Michael Jaye, Mohsen Badiey, William L. Siegmann, and Xin Tang 2aUW16 The existence and coherence of ray bundles in a refractive ocean ...... 979 Ivan P. Smirnov, Jerald W. Caruthers, and Alexander I. Khil’ko 2aUW17 Vertical noise coherence measurements in shallow water using Lagrangian drifters .... 981 Francine Desharnais, Blair R. MacDonald, and Kenneth J. Mah 2aUW18 Prediction of ambient noise in the ocean—The missing components ...... 983 Douglas H. Cato 2aUW19 Application of adaptive filter in influence extraction ...... 985 S. Veerabhardraiah 2aUW20 Global autofocussing techniques for acoustic imaging ...... 987 Peter T. Gough and Richard G. Lane

B24 2aUW21 Up-to-date state and outlook for the intensity measurement method in underwater acoustics ...... 989 Vladimir Shchurov

2aPLb PLENARY LECTURE

2aPLb1 Acoustics of outdoor surfaces ...... 991 Keith Attenborough

2pPLa PLENARY LECTURE

2pPLa1 Trends in electromechanical transduction ...... 995 Ilene J. Busch-Vishniac

2pAAa OPERA HOUSE DESIGN CASE HISTORIES

2pAAa1 Acoustics in the competition for the construction of the opera house ‘‘La Fenice’’: 1789–1790 ...... 999 Roberto Pompoli and Maria Ida Biggi 2pAAa2 Acoustic program in the competition for the reconstruction of the ‘‘La Fenice’’ opera house after the ﬁre of 29 January 1996 ...... 1001 Mauro Strada and Roberto Pompoli 2pAAa3 The restoration of La Fenice in Venice: The consultant’s viewpoint ...... 1003 Daniel E. Commins 2pAAa4 The acoustics of the Italian opera house ‘‘Teatro di San Carlo’’ in Naples-Italy ...... 1005 Luigi Maffei, Gino Iannace, Carmine Ianniello, and Rosario Romano 2pAAa5 Acoustics of the historical opera house of Bordeaux: Comparison between the results of objective and subjective surveys ...... 1007 Catherine Semidor and Aline Barlet 2pAAa6 Preserving the acoustical legacy of a modernized opera house ...... 1009 Larry Tedford, Dennis Paoletti, Kurt Graffy, and Red Wetherill 2pAAa7 A unique setting for an opera orchestra ...... 1011 Ewart A. Wetherill 2pAAa8 Virtual reﬂecting walls for improving the acoustic of defective halls ...... 1013 Jean-Paul Vian, Xavier Meynial, and Olivier Vuichard 2pAAa9 The next steps: Four examples of Artec’s evolving room acoustics philosophy ...... 1015 Russell Johnson, Robert W. Wolff, Damian J. Doria, and Ashley Goodall 2pAAa10 The ‘‘Cite´ de la Musique’’ in Paris and its elliptical concert hall ...... 1017 Daniel E. Commins

2pAB FISH ACOUSTICS

2pAB1 An experimental study of the peripheral auditory mechanics in the goldfish „Carassius auratus… and Oscar „Astronotus ocellatus… ...... 1019 Mardi C. Hastings, James J. Finneran, and Corrie J. Derenburger 2pAB2 A cohesive lumped parameter analysis of the mechanics of the goldfish peripheral auditory system ...... 1021 James J. Finneran and Mardi C. Hastings 2pAB3 Directional acoustic startle response in the goldfish ...... 1023 Thomas N. Lewis and Peter H. Rogers 2pAB4 Detection of ultrasound and marine mammal echolocation clicks by the American shad „Clupeidae… ...... 1025 David A. Mann, Zhongmin Lu, and Arthur N. Popper 2pAB5 Morphological responses of fish to low frequency sound ...... 1027 Joseph A. Clark, Jane A. Young, Amrit N. Bart, and Yonathan Zohar

B25 2pAB6 Evening ﬁsh choruses near coral reef systems in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia .... 1029 Robert D. McCauley and Douglas H. Cato 2pAB7 Mathematical model of echolocation of ﬁsh-eating bats ...... 1031 Anatoli Stulov

2pAO SURF ZONE OCEANOGRAPHY AND ACOUSTICS II

2pAO1 The generation of ambient noise due to breaking surf ...... 1033 James H. Wilson, Robert H. Bourke, and Josette P. Fabre 2pAO2 Measurements of the space-time-frequency distribution of the noise in the surf zone ...... 1035 Richard M. Heitmeyer, Steven L. Means, Stephen C. Wales, Ellen S. Livingston, Jeffrey A. Schindall, and Marshall H. Orr 2pAO3 SandyDuck ’97 angle-time-frequency measurements of breaking wave noise ...... 1037 Ellen S. Livingston, Joal Newcomb, Richard M. Heitmeyer, Stephen C. Wales, and Steven L. Means 2pAO4 Low- and high-frequency noise generation by breaking waves in the surf zone ...... 1039 Ali R. Kolaini and Jeffrey A. Nystuen 2pAO5 A theoretical investigation of the low-frequency sound generated by breaking waves ...... 1041 M. R. Loewen and C. E. Farell 2pAO6 Acoustic propagation in the ocean surf zone ...... 1043 Steven L. Means, Richard M. Heitmeyer, Stephen C. Wales, Thomas J. Hayward, Ellen S. Livingston, and Jeffrey A. Schindall 2pAO7 Wind generated acoustic spectral effects in the surf zone in the presence and absence of rainfall at Duck, North Carolina ...... 1045 John R. Proni, John C. Wilkerson, and Peter G. Black 2pAO8 Acoustic observations of suspended sediments in the Changjiang Estuary ...... 1047 Shuying Zhang, Zhong Shi, and Yunwu Li 2pAO9 Motivations for using a pulsed full spectrum doppler to measure bedload and near bottom suspended sediment transport ...... 1049 Peter Traykovski, James D. Irish, and James F. Lynch 2pAO10 Changes in acoustic impedance of marine sediment covered with liquid pollutants ..... 1051 Henning Harms, Rainer Matuschek, and Volker Mellert 2pAO11 Scattering by two spheres: Theory and experiment ...... 1053 Irina Bjørnø and Leif Bjørnø 2pAO12 Acoustic propagation affected by internal solitons in coastal area ...... 1055 E. C. Shang, Y. Y. Wang, and L. Ostrovsky

2pBV HIGH INTENSITY THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND II

2pBV1 Optimal acoustic parameters for induced hyperthermia from focused ultrasound: Phantom measurements with fluid flow and bubble activity ...... 1057 R. Glynn Holt, Robin O. Cleveland, and Ronald A. Roy 2pBV2 Numerical simulations of tissue heating created by high intensity focused ultrasound ...... 1059 Francesco P. Curra, Pierre D. Mourad, Robin Cleveland, Lawrence A. Crum, and Vera A. Khokhlova 2pBV3 Occlusion of blood vessels using high intensity focused ultrasound ...... 1061 Shahram Vaezy, Roy W. Martin, Peter Kaczkowski, George Keilman, Steve Carter, Michael Caps, and Lawrence A. Crum 2pBV4 Occlusion of blood flow by high intensity focused ultrasound ...... 1063 Gail ter Haar, Ian Rivens, Ian Rowland, Mark Denbow, Nicholas Fisk, and Martin Leach 2pBV5 Measurements of sound speed in excised tissue over temperatures expected under high intensity focused ultrasound conditions ...... 1065 Susannah H. Bloch, Michael R. Bailey, Lawrence A. Crum, Peter J. Kaczkowski,

B26 Pierre D. Mourad, and George W. Keilman 2pBV6 Role of cavitation during high intensity focused ultrasound treatment of prostate tissue ...... 1067 Narendra T. Sanghvi 2pBV7 Transrectal high intensity ultrasound therapy of localized prostate cancer ...... 1069 Jean Y. Chapelon, Albert Gelet, and Emmanuel Blanc 2pBV8 Concept of biological focal ﬁeld and its importance in tissue resection with high intensity focused ultrasound ...... 1071 Zhi B. Wang, Feng Wu, Zhi L. Wang, and Chuan Liu 2pBV9 Changes in ultrasonic images of tissue damaged by high intensity focused ultrasound in vivo ...... 1073 Feng Wu, Zhi B. Wang, and Zhi L. Wang 2pBV10 Ultrasound-positioned high intensity focused ultrasound in the ablation of superﬁcial bladder wall in miniswines ...... 1075 Zhi B. Wang, Feng Wu, Zhi L. Wang, and Chuan Liu 2pBV11 Effects of high intensity focused ultrasound on H22 liver tumor: An evaluation with different therapeutic programs ...... 1077 Feng Wu, Zhi B. Wang, and Zhi L. Wang

2pEA TOPICS IN ENGINEERING ACOUSTICS

2pEA1 Ultrasonic echoes obtained in the outdoor environment ...... 1079 Michael J. Anderson, John R. Canning, Dean B. Edwards, and Jeffrey H. Luke 2pEA2 Modelling of electrostatic ultrasonic transducers with micro air-gap structures ...... 1081 Li-Feng Ge 2pEA3 Control of particles in a standing wave field using ultrasonic vibration ...... 1083 S. Nomura, K. Murakami, J. Ochi, and Y. Yoshikawa 2pEA4 Miniaturized ultrasonic sensor system for liquid analysis ...... 1085 Bernd Henning, Peter-Christoph Daur, Alexander Wolf, Peter Hauptmann, and Alf Pu¨ttmer 2pEA5 The multicomponent composition of the low acoustic impedance matching layer for the ultrasonic transducer operating in the air ...... 1087 Tadeusz Gudra 2pEA6 High-intensity ultrasound for dewatering of slurries ...... 1089 Luis Elvira-Segura, Germań Rodriguez-Corral, Enrique Riera-Franco de Sarabia, and Juan A. Gallego-Jua´rez 2pEA7 Parametric array in air: Distortion reduction by preprocessing ...... 1091 Thomas D. Kite, John T. Post, and Mark F. Hamilton 2pEA8 Acoustical imaging in air by a low-cost system working in audio band ...... 1093 Andrea Trucco 2pEA9 Numerical analysis of high-intensity ultrasonic processing systems ...... 1095 C. Campos-Pozuelo, B. Dubus, and J. A. Gallego-Jua´rez 2pEA10 A method of interpolating the diffractive information of the sphere-baffled microphone in the sound field of spherical wave ...... 1097 Kimitoshi Fukudome 2pEA11 A conceptual experiment of direct converting digital microphone ...... 1099 Yishinobu Yasuno and Yasuhiro Riko 2pEA12 Acoustic simulation for loudspeaker using FEM/BEM ...... 1101 Veijo Ikonen, Antti Suutala, and Seppo Pohjolainen 2pEA13 Vibration characteristics of high frequency and complex vibration systems of 160 kHz to 1 MHz for ultrasonic wire bonding ...... 1103 Jiromaru Tsujino and Hiroyuki Yoshihara

2pMU PHYSICS AND MATERIALS OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS II

2pMU1 Composite materials for musical instruments: The maturity ...... 1105 Charles Besnainou

B27 2pMU2 Nonlinear effects in a vibrating string „wire… ...... 1107 Roger J. Hanson, H. Kent Macomber, and Michael P. Kassakatis 2pMU3 On the acoustics and psychology of piano touch and tone ...... 1109 Alexander Galembo, Anders Askenfelt, and Lola L. Cuddy 2pMU4 Dynamic mechanical measurements on violin wood and audience evaluation of violin tone quality ...... 1111 Edwin R. Fitzgerald, Carleen M. Hutchins, and Morton A. Hutchins 2pMU5 Vibrational modes of a tenor steel pan ...... 1113 Uwe J. Hansen and Thomas D. Rossing 2pMU6 Observation of the brass player’s lips in motion ...... 1115 R. Dean Ayers 2pMU7 Detecting the number of degrees of freedom of a lip reed in brass-instrument playing ...... 1117 Xavier Boutillon 2pMU8 Annular time-domain acoustic source for horn acoustics ...... 1119 J. Agullo´ and A. Barjau 2pMU9 Determining resonance frequency changes due to bore irregularities in woodwinds .... 1121 Cornelis J. Nederveen and Jean-Pierre Dalmont 2pMU10 Modeling in 3D of directional radiation of curved woodwind instruments ...... 1123 R. Causse´ and C. Lheureux

2pNSa ENVIRONMENTAL NOISES FROM COMBINED SOURCES

2pNSa1 Reactions to aircraft noise ...... 1125 Truls Gjestland 2pNSa2 The assessment of environmental noise—ISO 1996 ...... 1127 Ian H. Flindell and Nicole D. Porter 2pNSa3 Loudness of combined noises derived from singular and concurrent community noises ...... 1129 Birgitta Berglund and Mats E. Nilsson 2pNSa4 Psychological evaluation of sound environment with mixed sources ...... 1131 Sonoko Kuwano, Jiro Kaku, Tohru Kato, and Seiichiro Namba 2pNSa5 Reaction to combined sources of noise may depend on the respondents’ interpretations of the questions ...... 1133 R. F. Soames Job 2pNSa6 Combined qualitative and quantitative measurements to evaluate noise from combined sources ...... 1135 Brigitte Schulte-Fortkamp 2pNSa7 Annoyance accumulation modeling in a community noise annoyance expert system .... 1137 Dick Botteldooren 2pNSa8 Characterization of urban areas acoustical comfort ...... 1139 Jacques Beaumont, Aline Barlet, Christophe Louwerse, and Catherine Semidor 2pNSa9 Vision inﬂuences the sound perception in an urban environment: An audio- visual approach ...... 1141 Stephanie Viollon, Catherine Lavandier, and Carolyn Drake

2pNSb DAMAGE RISK CRITERIA FOR IMPULSE NOISE

2pNSb1 The effects of exposure to intense freeﬁeld impulse noise on humans wearing hearing protection: Implications for new criteria ...... 1143 James H. Patterson, Jr. and Daniel L. Johnson 2pNSb2 Hearing protectors and hazard from impulse noise: Melding method and models ...... 1145 G. Richard Price and Joel T. Kalb 2pNSb3 Results of human studies with linear and nonlinear earplugs: Implications for exposure limits ...... 1147 Armand L. Dancer and Pascal J. F. Hamery

B28 2pNSb4 Modeling the effect of a hearing protector on the waveform of intense impulses ...... 1149 Joel T. Kalb and G. Richard Price 2pNSb5 A new nonlinear earplug for use in high level impulse noise environment ...... 1151 Armand L. Dancer and Pascal J. F. Hamery

2pPAa ACOUSTIC CHARACTERIZATION AND MANIPULATION OF MATERIAL PROPERTIES

2pPAa1 Directional microphone arrays for measurement in an anechoic wind tunnel ...... 1153 Robin J. Alfredson and Alison F. Wilson 2pPAa2 Phenomenological theory of the translational relaxation times in gases ...... 1155 Allan J. Zuckerwar 2pPAa3 An automated apparatus for measuring sound speeds in hazardous gases ...... 1157 John J. Hurly 2pPAa4 Acoustic ﬂowmeter for the accurate metering of gases for semiconductor processing ...... 1159 Adam M. Calabrese and Stuart A. Tison 2pPAa5 Ultrasonic methods for the on-line real-time characterization of state-of-mixing ...... 1161 L. J. Bond, M. Meenaksh, and H. O. Matthiesen 2pPAa6 Water jets and a self-focusing shock pulse source ...... 1163 Bruce J. P. Mortimer and Beric W. Skews 2pPAa7 Measuring longer tubular objects using acoustic pulse reﬂectometry ...... 1165 David B. Sharp and D. Murray Campbell 2pPAa8 Temperature-scanning ultrasonic measurements in aqueous systems: What is new? .... 1167 Dmitri P. Kharakoz 2pPAa9 Acoustic monitoring of the curing process in cement and concrete ...... 1169 B. R. Tittmann, H. M. Tavossi, and F. Cohen-Tenoudji 2pPAa10 Model experiments for cement bond evaluation with a transducer-contact-casing system ...... 1171 Qiao Wenxiao, Du Guangsheng, and Chi Shihong 2pPAa11 Acoustic measurements of condensation/evaporation and crystal growth ...... 1173 A. Petculescu and L. Wilen 2pPAa12 Anomalous excess noise in inhomogeneous elastic and piezoelastic solids ...... 1175 Alexander M. Dykhne, Victor V. Zosimov, Dmitrii V. Polyachenko, and Michael A. Olevanov 2pPAa13 Acoustic pulse diagnostics of relaxation media ...... 1177 German A. Maksimov and Vladimir A. Larichev

2pPAb HALF-SPACES AND PLATES

2pPAb1 Leaky-Rayleigh wave detection at air-solid interfaces ...... 1179 Laszlo Adler, Michel de Billy, Christophe Mattei, and Gerard Quentin 2pPAb2 Theoretical and experimental studies of surface waves on plane solid–fluid interfaces when the fluid sound velocity is larger than the shear wave velocity in the solid ...... 1181 Fre´de´ric Padilla, Michel de Billy, and Ge´rard Quentin 2pPAb3 A modal reduction technique for the finite element formulation of Biot’s poroelasticity equations in acoustics applied to multilayered structures ...... 1183 Franck C. Sgard, Noureddine Atalla, and Raymond Panneton 2pPAb4 Sound propagation in gas-filled rigid-framed porous media: General theory and new experimental and numerical data ...... 1185 Denis Lafarge, Michel Henry, Mouaouia Firdaouss, and Jean-Luc Guermond 2pPAb5 Nonlinear propagation of laser-generated sound pulses in a water and granular medium ...... 1187 Sergey V. Egerev, Igor B. Esipov, Konstantin I. Matveev, Oleg B. Ovchinnikov, and Konstantin A. Naugolnykh

B29 2pPAb6 High resolution spectroscopy of the Lamb modes of a plate near normal incidence .... 1189 Guy Durinck, Willy Thys, Pascal Rembert, and Jean-Louis Izbicki 2pPAb7 Electric field influence on Lamb and SH wave properties in LiNbO3 plates ...... 1191 Shrinivas G. Joshi, Boris D. Zaitsev, and Iren E. Kuznetsova 2pPAb8 Effects of sound and vibrations on tensions and deformations of a stratificated plate ...... 1193 Florian-Paul I. Simion and Gabriela D. Simion

2pPP ASPECTS OF HEARING DEVELOPMENT

2pPP1 Development of active and passive processes in the gerbil cochlea ...... 1195 David M. Mills and Edwin W. Rubel 2pPP2 Development of human cochlear function ...... 1197 Carolina Abdala 2pPP3 Evidence of prenatal hormonal effects on the auditory system ...... 1199 Dennis McFadden 2pPP4 Human auditory system maturation: A neurophysiological comparison between normal-hearing children and children who use a cochlear implant ...... 1201 Curtis W. Ponton, Manuel Don, Betty Kwong, Michael D. Waring, and Jos J. Eggermont 2pPP5 Psychoacoustic development in humans and the effects of otitis media on psychoacoustic development ...... 1203 Joseph W. Hall, III and John H. Grose 2pPP6 Excessive auditory backward masking and its potential remediation in children with speciﬁc language impairment ...... 1205 Beverly A. Wright 2pPP7 Frontiers and backwaters of research on the biological bases of hearing development ...... 1207 Edwin W. Rubel

2pSA MEMORIAL SESSION FOR MANFRED HECKL

2pSA1 Active control of curve squeal caused by trains ...... 1209 Maria A. Heckl 2pSA2 Realisation of the Cremer admittance of silencer linings with passive absorber elements ...... 1211 F. P. Mechel 2pSA3 The inﬂuence of barrier edge treatments ...... 1213 Michael Mo¨ser 2pSA4 Induced damping in Heckl’s beam experiment ...... 1215 David Feit and Murray Strasberg 2pSA5 Waveguide absorbers for structural damping ...... 1217 Eric E. Ungar 2pSA6 Manfred Heckl and SEA—Early days at BBN ...... 1219 Richard H. Lyon 2pSA7 The estimation and control of rolling noise from trains ...... 1221 Paul Remington 2pSA8 The multipole method: Contributions of Manfred Heckl and new developments for high-frequency acoustic scattering ...... 1223 Martin Ochmann 2pSA9 Acoustics teaching and Manfred Heckl ...... 1225 Thomas D. Rossing 2pSA10 The use of tuned absorbers in minimizing sound power from vibrating structures ..... 1227 Gary H. Koopmann, Eric W. Constans, and Ashok D. Belegundu 2pSA11 Recollections of Professor Manfred Heckl ...... 1229 Gideon Maidanik

B30 2pSA12 Concentrated lateral excitation of structures ...... 1231 Bjo¨rn A. T. Petersson 2pSA13 Measurements of multi-component point mobilities on deep beams and thick plates .... 1233 Christ de Jong and Bjo¨rn Petersson

2pSC PROSODY, PRODUCTION, AND VOICE

2pSC1 The domain of phrase-final lengthening in English ...... 1235 Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel and Alice Turk 2pSC2 Ambiguity in prominence perception in spoken utterances of American English ...... 1237 L. C. Dilley and S. Shattuck-Hufnagel 2pSC3 Intonation of noun phrases in Unangan „Eastern Aleut… ...... 1239 Alice Taff and Jacob Wegelin 2pSC4 Vowel devoicing and the loss of lexical accent in Tokyo Japanese ...... 1241 Mafuyu Kitahara 2pSC5 The effect of stress on vowel length in Aleut ...... 1243 Lorna Rozelle 2pSC6 Temporal structuring of acoustic segments in speech communication ...... 1245 Rodmonga K. Potapova 2pSC7 Influence of functional and acoustic parameters of intonation contours on prosody lateralization ...... 1247 Marc D. Pell 2pSC8 Syntactic ambiguities and their resolution in prosody: Observations in Japanese, Korean, Mongolian and Turkish ...... 1249 Young-Sook Choi and Shigeru Sato 2pSC9 The effects of discourse focus and lexical accent on F0 in Japanese ...... 1251 Young-Sook Choi and Shigeru Sato 2pSC10 Effects of prosodic structure and speech rate on consonant weakening ...... 1253 Lisa M. Lavoie 2pSC11 Intergestural coordination adjacent to multiple prosodic boundaries ...... 1255 Dani Byrd 2pSC12 Non-traditional acoustic features of focus ...... 1257 H. Timothy Bunnell, Steven R. Hoskins, and Debra M. Yarrington 2pSC13 Baby-word rhythm preferences of Japanese infants ...... 1259 Akiko Hayashi, Kyoko Yoshioka, and Reiko Mazuka 2pSC14 The relationship between spectral properties and perceptual evaluation of hypernasality in children with cleft palate—vowel / i / ...... 1261 Ryuta Kataoka, David J. Zajac, Robert Mayo, Richard W. Lutz, Donald W. Warren, and Kaoru Okabe 2pSC15 Effects of levodopa on finger and articulatory movements in Parkinson’s disease ...... 1263 Miche`le Gentil, Claire-Lise Tournier, and Pierre Pollak 2pSC16 Stop-consonant production by dysarthric speakers: Use of models to interpret acoustic data ...... 1265 Kelly L. Poort 2pSC17 Formant trajectory characteristics in persons with Parkinson, cerebellar, and upper motor neuron disease ...... 1267 Gary Weismer and Jill Wildermuth 2pSC18 The effects of utterance length on temporal control in aphasia ...... 1269 Shari R. Baum 2pSC19 Source modeling of severely pathological voices ...... 1271 Bruce R. Gerratt, Jody Kreiman, Norma Antonanzas-Barroso, Brian Gabelman, and Abeer Alwan 2pSC20 Speaking rate-induced acoustic variability in Parkinson’s disease ...... 1273 Kris Tjaden, Sylvia Farrens, Kathryn Geaney, Paul McRae, and Jean Nachtman 2pSC21 A comparative study of speech motor programming in stutterers and non- stutterers ...... 1275 N. Aravind and S. R. Savithri

B31 2pSC22 Modeling of articulatory dynamics using cascaded first-order systems ...... 1277 Yorinobu Sonoda and Kohichi Ogata 2pSC23 Testing a normalization procedure for articulatory recovery ...... 1279 Richard S. McGowan 2pSC24 A task-dynamic approach to gestural anticipation in speech: A hybrid recurrent network ...... 1281 Elliot Saltzman and Suvobrata Mitra 2pSC25 An interactive construction system of 3-D vocal tract shapes from tomograms ...... 1283 Tohru Yokoyama, Nobuhiro Miki, and Yoshihiko Ogawa 2pSC26 Palate shape effects on characteristic vowel tongue postures ...... 1285 Mark K. Tiede 2pSC27 Characteristics of phonation offset and onset in normal adults and children ...... 1287 Laura L. Koenig 2pSC28 Speaker identification using noncontemporary speech samples ...... 1289 Harry Hollien and Reva Schwartz 2pSC29 Perception of intoxication effects on speech ...... 1291 Harry Hollien and Gea DeJong 2pSC30 Perceptually-motivated modeling of noise in pathological voices ...... 1293 Brian Gabelman, Jody Kreiman, Bruce R. Gerratt, Norma Antonanzas-Barroso, and Abeer Alwan 2pSC31 A perceptual and acoustic study of the imitated voice ...... 1295 Kirk P. H. Sullivan and Frank Schlichting 2pSC32 Acoustic analysis of the effects of alcohol on the human voice ...... 1297 Orla M. Cooney, Kevin G. McGuigan, Peter J. P. Murphy, and Ronań M. Conroy 2pSC33 The use of random spliced speech for the recognition of familiar voices ...... 1299 Ricardo M. de Figueiredo

2pSPa MULTICHANNEL SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR ACOUSTICAL APPLICATIONS

2pSPa1 Reconstruction and projection of interior sound fields using a spherical measurment array ...... 1301 Earl G. Williams 2pSPa2 Multichannel acoustical measurement for sound field mapping ...... 1303 Svend Gade and Jørgen Hald 2pSPa3 Signal processing for sound capture ...... 1305 Daniel V. Rabinkin, Richard J. Renomeron, Atul Sharma, and James L. Flanagan 2pSPa4 Modelling in-vehicle engine noise „listen to the noise paths… ...... 1307 F. Deblauwe, P. Van de Ponseele, and G. Lowet 2pSPa5 Localisation of acoustic emissions in aerospace structures ...... 1309 Paul Wells, Arthur Stephens, and Andy Ibbotson 2pSPa6 Imaging of supersonic surface fields on a cylindrical shell ...... 1311 Charles N. Corrado, Jr., Daniel T. DiPerna, and Matthew Conti 2pSPa7 Holographic reconstruction of active sources in three-dimensional enclosure ...... 1313 Young-Key Kim, Yang-Hann Kim, Byeongsik Ko, and Kangho Ko 2pSPa8 Estimation of farfield pressures from geometric nearfield measurements ...... 1315 Daniel T. DiPerna, Charles N. Corrado, Jr., and David C. Warwick 2pSPa9 Feasibility of using imperfect microphone arrays in noise source location ...... 1317 Tarun Bhatt, Corinne M. Darvennes, and J. Richard Houghton 2pSPa10 Super directivity design for a sphere-buffled microphone array ...... 1319 Kazuhiko Kawahara and Kimitoshi Fukudome 2pSPa11 Beamforming for broadband constant beamwidth through FIR and DSP implementation ...... 1321 Yuanliang Ma, Baosong Zhang, Wei Ding, and Huigang Wang

B32 2pSPb IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES OF ACOUSTICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING IN REAL TIME SYSTEMS II

2pSPb1 FFT beamforming with cylindrical arrays: Application to the toroidal volume search sonar ...... 1323 Timothy C. Gallaudet and Christian P. de Moustier 2pSPb2 Acoustic source estimation based on physical modeling and optimization algorithm .... 1325 A. J. Amditis, K. S. Nikita, and N. K. Uzunoglu 2pSPb3 Kalman based time varying DOA estimation robust to impulsive noise ...... 1327 Han-Su Kim and Koeng-Mo Sung 2pSPb4 An universal parallel sonar signal processing system ...... 1329 Lifu You, Enfang Sang, and Jingyi Zhao 2pSPb5 Maximum likelihood track-before-detect matched-ﬁeld beamforming with SWellEx data ...... 1331 Kerem Harmancı, Joseph Tabrikian, and Jeffrey L. Krolik

2pUW SCATTERING AND REVERBERATION

2pUW1 The effects of bandwidth, dispersion and correlation length scale on shallow water reverberation ...... 1333 Kevin D. LePage 2pUW2 High frequency acoustic scattering from thermally generated turbulence ...... 1335 John Oeschger 2pUW3 Range spread measurement of underwater scatterers and channels using active sonar probing signals and a cross correlation process ...... 1337 James J. Kisenwether and Dennis W. Ricker 2pUW4 Target size measurements via specular echo spectrum ...... 1339 Je´roˆme Mathieu, Patrick Schweitzer, Etienne Tisserand, Serge Weber, and Serge Gauthier 2pUW5 The extraction of a target scattering response from measurements made in a range-dependent shallow water environment ...... 1341 Angie Sarkissian 2pUW6 Formalism for boundary scattering in waveguides ...... 1343 David H. Berman 2pUW7 Backscattering by layered media: Modeling and comparison with data ...... 1345 Laurent Guillon and Xavier Lurton 2pUW8 Measurement at 50–150 kHz of absorption due to suspended particulate matter ...... 1347 Niven R. Brown, Timothy G. Leighton, Simon D. Richards, and Anthony D. Heathershaw 2pUW9 Turbidity in future high frequency sonar performance models ...... 1349 Simon D. Richards, Niven R. Brown and Timothy G. Leighton 2pUW10 Spectral diffusion of seismo-acoustic waves in shallow water ...... 1351 Robert I. Odom and Valerie I. Peyton 2pUW11 Experimental verification of the deformed cylinder scattering model and its application to the calculation of backscattering from fish ...... 1353 Kouichi Sawada, Zhen Ye, and Masahiko Furusawa 2pUW12 Comparison between subcritical penetration models and in situ data ...... 1355 Alain Maguer, Edoardo Bovio, Warren Fox, Eric Pouliquen, and Henrik Schmidt 2pUW13 Subcritical penetration into a viscoelastic solid due to interface roughness— Laboratory experiment and perturbation theory model ...... 1357 Garfield R. Mellema, Terry E. Ewart, and Kevin L. Williams 2pUW14 Aspects of a damped surface wave in the Fourier diamond spaces. New surface wave analysis methods „S.W.A.M.… ...... 1359 Loı¨c Martinez, Jean Duclos, and Alain Tinel 2pUW15 Aspects of cylindrical shell resonances in the Fourier diamond spaces. Use of surface wave analysis methods „S.W.A.M.… on experimental or numerical data ...... 1361 Loı¨c Martinez, Jean Duclos, and Alain Tinel

B33 2pUW16 New experimental characterization of a resonance: Identiﬁcation of the mode number using the Argand diagram and the GTD approach ...... 1363 Serge Derible, Jean-Marc Conoir, Jean-Louis Izbicki, and Pascal Rembert 2pUW17 Scholte wave dispersion by rippled liquid/solid interface topography ...... 1365 Jacques R. Chamuel 2pUW18 Scatterer depth estimation using broadband active matched ﬁeld processing ...... 1367 Brian K. Jennison, C. Allan Boyles, and Kevin J. McCann 2pUW19 The detection of cylindrical objects of low acoustic contrast buried in the seabed ...... 1369 Ruthven C. Evans and Timothy G. Leighton 2pUW20 Characteristics of semi-buried object in shallow water ...... 1371 Shi-e Yang and Xiu-kun Li

2pPLb PLENARY LECTURE

2pPLb1 Representation of complex stimuli in the peripheral auditory system ...... 1373 Eric D. Young, Barbara M. Calhoun, Jane J. Yu, and Israel Nelken

3aPLa PLENARY LECTURE

3aPLa1 How listeners ﬁnd the right words ...... 1377 Anne Cutler

3aAAa STRUCTURE-BORNE SOUND IN BUILDINGS: MEASURING AND MODELING NOISE FLANKING TRANSMISSION

3aAAa1 Sound transmission through permeable double-leaf membranes ...... 1381 Kimihiro Sakagami, Masakazu Kiyama, Toru Uyama, and Masayuki Morimoto 3aAAa2 Prediction of noise transmission through commercial profiled metal cladding systems ...... 1383 Y. W. Lam 3aAAa3 European prediction models for building acoustics ...... 1385 Eddy Gerretsen 3aAAa4 Structure-borne transmission in lightweight buildings ...... 1387 Robert J. M. Craik 3aAAa5 Flanking paths between wood frame walls and floors using statistical energy analysis ...... 1389 T. R. T. Nightingale and John A. Steel 3aAAa6 The use of semi-analytical calculation models to verify SEA predictions of flanking transmission in building structures ...... 1391 Ivan Bosmans and Gerrit Vermeir

3aAAb IMPACT OF TRAINS ON PERFORMANCE HALLS

3aAAb1 Owner/builder perspective of the impact of trains on performance halls for Benaroya Hall, Seattle, Washington ...... 1393 Andrew Clapham 3aAAb2 Vibration isolation design for Benaroya Hall ...... 1395 George Paul Wilson 3aAAb3 Structural design for vibration isolation at Benaroya Hall ...... 1397 Brian H. Glover 3aAAb4 Controlling subway noise in LG Arts Center—Sangnam Hall ...... 1399 Ahmad K. Abdelrazaq and D. Stanton Korista 3aAAb5 Train and rail transit noise in cinemas and theatres: Case studies ...... 1401 M. Asselineau

B34 3aAB GENERAL ANIMAL BIOACOUSTICS

3aAB1 Three-dimensional computer modeling of biosonar emission in the common dolphin ...... 1403 James L. Aroyan 3aAB2 Acoustic pathways of hearing in the bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus ...... 1405 Whitlow W. L. Au, Bertel Mohl, Paul E. Nachtigall, Jeffrey Pawloski, and James Aroyan 3aAB3 Effects of low frequency seismic exploration sounds on the distribution of cetaceans in the Northern Gulf of Mexico ...... 1407 Shannon Rankin and William E. Evans 3aAB4 An onboard acoustic data logger to record biosonar of free-ranging bottlenose dolphins ...... 1409 Douglas P. Nowacek, Peter L. Tyack, Randall S. Wells, and Mark P. Johnson 3aAB5 Results of underwater ambient noise measurements in three large tank exhibits at the Monterey Bay Aquarium ...... 1411 Daniel Matthew O’Neal and Steven R. Baker 3aAB6 Identiﬁcation of dolphin schools by bio-acoustical unique features ...... 1413 Konstantin Kebkal, Rudolf Bannasch, and Valery Kulagin 3aAB7 Matched ﬁeld processing of blue whale vocalizations using calibrated environmental models ...... 1415 Aaron M. Thode, Gerald L. D’Spain, and William A. Kuperman 3aAB8 Feasibility of monitoring bowhead whales with a vertical line array ...... 1417 Kevin D. Heaney and Peter N. Mikhalevsky 3aAB9 Observations of the movements of humpback whales about an operating seismic survey vessel near Exmouth, Western Australia ...... 1419 Robert D. McCauley, Micheline-Nicole Jenner, Curt Jenner, and Douglas H. Cato

3aAO ACOUSTIC DETERMINATION OF OCEAN PARAMETERS

3aAO1 Applications of two frequency insoniﬁcation techniques to oceanic bubble sizing ...... 1421 Andy D. Phelps, Matt D. Simpson, and Timothy G. Leighton 3aAO2 Possibilities for small-scale emission tomography of bubble plumes in shallow water ...... 1423 Ivan P. Smirnov, Jerald W. Caruthers, Paul Elmore, and Alexander I. Khil’ko 3aAO3 Monitoring air-sea exchange using ambient sound ...... 1425 Jeffrey A. Nystuen 3aAO4 Acoustic wave scattering and propagation in bubbly liquids ...... 1427 Zhen Ye and Alberto Alvarez 3aAO5 Rough surfaces characterization using a time-reversal mirror ...... 1429 Philippe Roux, Julien de Rosny, Mathias Fink, and James H. Rose 3aAO6 The Aharonov-Bohm effect revisited by an acoustic time-reversal mirror ...... 1431 Philippe Roux, Julien de Rosny, and Mathias Fink 3aAO7 Real time characterization of unstationnary ﬂows using a time reversal mirror ...... 1433 Philippe Roux, Agne`s Maurel, Julien De Rosny, Se´bastien Manneville, and Mathias Fink 3aAO8 Results from cross-correlation measurement of estuarine current velocity ...... 1435 Roger W. Bland and Daniel G. Neuman

VOLUME III

3aBV ULTRASOUND ASSISTED DRUG DELIVERY I

3aBV1 Mechanisms for biological effects of ultrasound ...... 1437 Edwin L. Carstensen

B35 3aBV2 Toxin and gene transfer into cells by extracorporeal shock waves: in vitro and in vivo effects ...... 1439 Michael Delius and Ulrich Lauer 3aBV3 Ultrasound induced transcutaneous transport for drug delivery and diagnostics ...... 1441 Joseph Kost, Samir Mitragotri, and Robert Langer 3aBV4 Ultrasound for the mediation of a therapeutic agent through the blood-brain barrier ...... 1443 Leonard J. Bond and Lawrence Ka-yun Ng 3aBV5 Mechanistic studies of ultrasonically-enhanced transdermal drug delivery ...... 1445 J. M. Farrell, S. Theis, J. Kost, H. Tang, S. Mitragotri, and R. Langer 3aBV6 Enhancement of ultrasound mediated transfection with cavitation micronuclei ...... 1447 James F. Greenleaf, William J. Greenleaf, Randy Kinnick, Gobinda Sarkar, and Mark A. Bolander 3aBV7 Defects of biolayers generated by ultrasound ...... 1449 M. S. Malghani, Jie Yang, and Junru Wu

3aEA ELECTROACOUSTICS AND STANDARDS

3aEA1 Selected topics in electroacoustical calibrations, measurements and standards ...... 1451 Victor Nedzelnitsky 3aEA2 Progress in silicon microphones ...... 1453 Gerhard M. Sessler 3aEA3 Design and properties of face to face coupler for microphone comparison calibration ...... 1455 Erling Frederiksen and Jørgen I. Christensen 3aEA4 Controlled environment for reciprocity calibration of condenser microphones ...... 1457 George S. K. Wong and Lixue Wu 3aEA5 Procedures for the precision of sound power determination by S. I. scanning method ...... 1459 Hideki Tachibana and Hideo Suzuki 3aEA6 Experimental study on the accuracy of sound power determination of S. I. scanning method ...... 1461 Hiroo Yano, Hideki Tachibana, and Hideo Suzuki 3aEA7 Electroacoustics and standards: Microphones for sound level measurements ...... 1463 Gunnar Rasmussen 3aEA8 A study of long-term sensitivity changes in backplate of electret type condenser microphones ...... 1465 Kenzo Miura and Yoshinobu Yasuno 3aEA9 Measurement of microphone random-incidence and pressure-ﬁeld responses and determination of their uncertainties ...... 1467 Johan Gramtorp and Erling Frederiksen 3aEA10 Measuring system for the derivation of thermal loudspeaker parameters ...... 1469 G. K. Behler and A. Bernhard

3aMU BOWED STRING INSTRUMENTS

3aMU1 Studies in bowing point friction in bowed strings ...... 1471 Robert T. Schumacher 3aMU2 Modal analysis of violins and cellos ...... 1473 Thomas D. Rossing, Mark Roberts, Eric Bynum, and Laura Nickerson 3aMU3 A normal-mode-based model of violin radiation ...... 1475 George Bissinger 3aMU4 Inﬂuence of the weight of mutes on tones of a violin family ...... 1477 Kenshi Kishi 3aMU5 Anomalous low frequencies from a bowed violin string ...... 1479 Roger J. Hanson and Frederick W. Halgedahl

B36 3aMU6 Acoustical aspects of chamber music for strings ...... 1481 Juergen Meyer 3aMU7 Radiation mechanisms of a violin with known modal characteristics ...... 1483 Lily M. Wang and Courtney B. Burroughs 3aMU8 Behavior of real violin strings, mechanically bowed ...... 1485 Norman C. Pickering and Michael P. Kerr

3aNSa LOW-FREQUENCY NOISE

3aNSa1 A new way of reducing self-sustained ﬂow noise ...... 1487 Rene´ Henry, Anas Sakout, Alex Coiret, and Aziz Hamdouni 3aNSa2 A new approach to low frequency room noise criteria ...... 1489 Robert D. Hellweg, Jr and Hsien-sheng ͑Jason͒ Pei 3aNSa3 Parameters involved in low frequency noise annoyance ...... 1491 Ulf Landstro¨m 3aNSa4 The effects of age on annoyance caused by low frequency noise ...... 1493 Bridget M. Shield and Rukhsana Adam

3aNSb TIRE NOISE

3aNSb1 The investigation of a towed trailer test for passenger tire coast-by noise measurement ...... 1495 James K. Thompson and Thomas A. Williams 3aNSb2 Assessment of tire/pavement interaction noise under vehicle passby test conditions using sound intensity measurement methods ...... 1497 Paul R. Donavan, Richard F. Schumacher, and Jeffrey R. Stott 3aNSb3 The influence of belt and tread band stiffness on the tyre noise generation mechanisms ...... 1499 Wolfgang Kropp, Krister Larsson, and Ste´phane Barrelet 3aNSb4 Identification of sources of tire/pavement interaction noise ...... 1501 Richard J. Ruhala and Courtney B. Burroughs 3aNSb5 Effects of the acoustical characteristics of road pavements on long range sound propagation ...... 1503 Michel C. Be´rengier, Jean-François Hamet, and Yves Pichaud 3aNSb6 Acoustic modeling of road vehicles for traffic noise prediction: Determination of the sources heights ...... 1505 Jean-François Hamet, Marie-Agne´s Pallas, David Gaulin, and Michel C. Be´rengier 3aNSb7 Modelling of tangential contact forces ...... 1507 Krister Larsson, Ste´phane Barrelet, and Wolfgang Kropp 3aNSb8 Computational and subjective procedures for the assessment of sounds with weak tonal components ...... 1509 Peter Daniel, Wolfgang Ellermeier, and Matthias Vormann

3aNSc OCCUPATIONAL NOISE EXPOSURE MONITORING: INSTRUMENTATION, METHODS, AND HISTORIES

3aNSc1 Instrumentation for the measurement of occupational noise exposure: Past, present, and future ...... 1511 Theodore J. Kuemmel 3aNSc2 Occupational noise measurement standard: ANSI S12-19 ...... 1513 Richard Goodwin 3aNSc3 What are we still doing wrong in assessing occupational noise exposure? ...... 1515 Daniel L. Johnson 3aNSc4 Potential contamination of noise exposure measurements when using noise dosimeters ...... 1517 Larry H. Royster and Julia Doswell Royster

B37 3aNSc5 Sound exposure proﬁling: A noise exposure assessment alternative ...... 1519 Robert R. Anderson and Lee D. Hager 3aNSc6 Unusual jobs require unusual methods for noise exposure measurement ...... 1521 John P. Barry 3aNSc7 Investigation of intermittency in the noise exposure pattern of longwall coal miners .... 1523 J. Alton Burks and Roy C. Bartholomae 3aNSc8 Hearing hazard evaluation and hearing conservation in a very reverberant indoor ﬁring range ...... 1525 Felix Z. Sachs 3aNSc9 Noise from sandblasting/Personnel noise exposure ...... 1527 Tønnes A. Ognedal and Rune Harbak 3aNSc10 Occupational noise and solvent exposure in the printing industry ...... 1529 Beno Groothoff and Rande Ferris

3aPAa SONOCHEMISTRY AND SONOLUMINESCENCE: SC I

3aPAa1 Under which conditions is sonochemistry able to give information about the so-called extreme conditions prevailing inside the collapsing bubbles? ...... 1531 Jacques Reisse, Kristin Bartik, and Nicolas Segebarth 3aPAa2 Sonochemical preparation of protein microspheres ...... 1533 Kenneth S. Suslick 3aPAa3 Sonochemistry of aqueous solutions: EPR and spin trapping studies of radical intermediates ...... 1535 Peter Riesz and Vladimı´r Misˇ´ık 3aPAa4 Sonochemistry and sonoluminescence in aqueous solutions containing surface active solutes ...... 1537 Franz Grieser, Muthupandian Ashokkumar, Rachel A. Caruso, Katrina Barbour, and Paul Mulvaney 3aPAa5 Sonochemical reactor optimization using computational acoustics techniques ...... 1539 Jean-Louis Y. Migeot 3aPAa6 Sonochemistry—A demonstration lecture ...... 1541 Timothy J. Mason 3aPAa7 The effects of organic compound doping in single-bubble sonoluminescence ...... 1543 Muthupandian Ashokkumar, Franz Grieser, William B. McNamara III, Kenneth S. Suslick, Thomas J. Matula, C. Allen Frensley, and Lawrence A. Crum 3aPAa8 An interpretation of the MBSL temperatures deduced from metal atom emission ...... 1545 Lawrence S. Bernstein

3aPAb NONLINEAR ACOUSTICS I: 1. HISTORY; 2. SOLIDS, ROCKS; 3. SURFACE WAVES, PART 1

3aPAb1 Development of solid state nonlinearity ...... 1547 M. A. Breazeale 3aPAb2 Acoustic nonlinearities in earth solids ...... 1549 Lev A. Ostrovsky and Paul A. Johnson 3aPAb3 Model equations for nonlinear surface waves ...... 1551 M. F. Hamilton, Yu. A. Il’inskii, and E. A. Zabolotskaya 3aPAb4 Principles and applications of nonlinear acoustic nondestructive testing ...... 1553 Alexander Sutin and Dimitri M. Donskoy 3aPAb5 Measurements of surface-wave harmonic generation in nonpiezoelectric materials ..... 1555 D. C. Hurley 3aPAb6 Pulsed nonlinear surface acoustic waves in crystals ...... 1557 R. E. Kumon, M. F. Hamilton, Yu. A. Il’inskii, E. A. Zabolotskaya, P. Hess, A. Lomonosov, and V. G. Mikhalevich 3aPAb7 Rayleigh wave solitons in layered media ...... 1559 Robert I. Odom

B38 3aPAb8 Nondestructive ﬂaw detection in a solid material using nonlinear acoustic responses ... 1561 C. M. Song, K. I. Jung, and S. W. Yoon 3aPAb9 Slow nonlinear dynamics in rock ...... 1563 R. A. Guyer, K. R. McCall, and K. E.-A. Van Den Abeele 3aPAb10 Slow dynamics and nonlinear response at low strains in Berea sandstone ...... 1565 James A. TenCate and Thomas J. Shankland

3aPP AUDITORY ATTENTION I

3aPP1 Divided attention to simultaneous stimulation ...... 1567 Ervin R. Hafter, Anne-Marie Bonnel, and Erick Gallun 3aPP2 Crossmodal links between auditory and visual attention ...... 1569 Charles Spence and Jon Driver 3aPP3 Auditory objects of attention ...... 1571 C. J. Darwin and R. W. Hukin 3aPP4 Perceiving talking faces: Insights into auditory attention ...... 1573 Dominic W. Massaro 3aPP5 Electrophysiological studies of auditory spatial attention ...... 1575 Steven A. Hillyard and Wolfgang Teder-Sa¨leja¨rvi

3aSA DAMPING AND ABSORPTION

3aSA1 An algorithm for calculation of material loss factors using single degree of freedom method and digital data measured by FFT analyzer ...... 1577 Toshiyuki Maeda 3aSA2 Dynamic and acoustic properties of beams of composite material ...... 1579 Shiva Sander Tavallaey 3aSA3 Acoustic spectropic determination of dynamic elastic moduli and internal friction coefﬁcient ...... 1581 Qiushuang Guo and David A. Brown 3aSA4 Numerical method using ﬁlter banks for vibroacoustic analysis in the medium frequency range ...... 1583 S. Gorog and P. Micheau 3aSA5 Improvement of damping via analysis of viscoelastic composites ...... 1585 Ibrahima Sow, Jean Nicolas, Toan Vu-Khanh, and Olivier Beslin 3aSA6 Vibration damping characteristics of the concrete material included easy moving particles ...... 1587 Noboru Ishikawa and Hidemaro Shimoda 3aSA7 Finite-element modelling of the vibro-acoustical behavior of poro-elastic materials ..... 1589 Hamid Bouhioui and Murray Hodgson 3aSA8 Numerical analysis of damping added by a foam layer on a vibrating plate ...... 1591 Nicolas Dauchez, Sohbi Sahraoui, and Noureddine Atalla 3aSA9 On the use of assumed spatial distributions for the vibration analysis of built-up plate structures ...... 1593 R. A. Fulford and B. A. T. Petersson 3aSA10 Statistical analysis of boundary sound absorption in a panel-cavity system ...... 1595 K. S. Sum and J. Pan 3aSA11 Sound transmission through multilayer structures with isotropic elastic porous materials ...... 1597 Noureddine Atalla, Raymond Panneton, and Patricia Debergue

3aSC LANGUAGE SPECIFIC INFLUENCES DURING INFANCY

3aSC1 Bilingual exposure and some consequences on native-language recognition processes at four months ...... 1599 Laura Bosch

B39 3aSC2 Effects of language experience on speech perception ...... 1601 Patricia K. Kuhl 3aSC3 Vowel perception in the ﬁrst year of life ...... 1603 Linda Polka and Ocke-Schwen Bohn 3aSC4 Developing sensitivity to native language sound patterns ...... 1605 Peter W. Jusczyk 3aSC5 Updates on becoming a native listener ...... 1607 Janet F. Werker, Judith E. Pegg, Rushen Shi, and Christine Stager 3aSC6 Rapid gains in the speed and efﬁciency of word recognition by infants in the second year ...... 1609 Anne Fernald, Daniel Swingley, and John P. Pinto

3aUW BOTTOM GEOACOUSTIC CHARACTERIZATION AND INVERSION I

3aUW1 Measuring parameters that control acoustic propagation in granular sediments near the sea floor ...... 1611 Robert D. Stoll 3aUW2 Matched-field inversion in a range-dependent waveguide ...... 1613 Martin Musil, John M. Ozard, and Michael J. Wilmut 3aUW3 Numerical analysis on inversed bottom geoacoustic models for prediction of shallow- water acoustic field ...... 1615 Jin Guoliang and Zhang Renhe 3aUW4 A multi-frequency inversion method for geoacoustic parameters ...... 1617 Renhe Zhang, Fenghua Li, and Wenyu Luo 3aUW5 Geoacoustic parameter inversion from wavefrom structure ...... 1619 Fenghua Li and Renhe Zhang 3aUW6 Geophysical measurements on marine sediment cores and geo acoustic modelling ...... 1621 Philip P. Thomson, John I. Dunlop, and Frank Neissen 3aUW7 Verification of a library for categorizing bottom substrate type ...... 1623 John Hedgepeth, Colleen Sullivan, Robert Sullivan, and Patrick Schneider 3aUW8 A measuring method for shear wave velocity of marine sediment using radiation impedance ...... 1625 Masao Kimura 3aUW9 Measurements of high-frequency acoustic scattering from seabed vegetation ...... 1627 Anthony P. Lyons and Eric Pouliquen 3aUW10 Use of Scholte waves to determine the shear wave velocity structure in marine sediments ...... 1629 Sayuri Kawashima and Masao Kimura 3aUW11 Simplex simulated annealing: A hybrid approach to geoacoustic inversion ...... 1631 Mark R. Fallat and Stan E. Dosso 3aUW12 Physical parameter uncertainty effect on frequency dependent acoustic response in ocean sediment ...... 1633 Yongke Mu, Mohsen Badiey, and Alexander H-D. Cheng 3aUW13 Inversion of explosive shallow water transmission loss data to obtain acoustic seabed models ...... 1635 Marshall V. Hall 3aUW14 The development of the multibeam echosounder: A historical account ...... 1637 Sta˚le Vilming 3aUW15 A comparison of Hankel transform algorithms’ performane for use in shallow water applications ...... 1639 Ben Cox and Philip Joseph 3aUW16 Comparison of the performances of global optimization methods with perturbative methods in the estimation of ocean bottom properties from multi-frequency data ...... 1641 Subramanaim D. Rajan 3aUW17 Performance evaluation of horizontal and vertical vector sensor arrays in shallow water environments ...... 1643 Peter Gerstoft and Joo Thiam Goh

B40 3aUW18 Range-dependent environmental mismatch in matched ﬁeld tomography ...... 1645 Ronald T. Kessel 3aUW19 Application of coordinate rotation to inversion for sediment parameters ...... 1647 John S. Perkins, Michael D. Collins, and Laurie T. Fialkowski 3aUW20 Offshore geoacoustic inversions using sounds from land vehicle activity ...... 1649 G. L. D’Spain, L. P. Berger, W. A. Kuperman, and W. S. Hodgkiss 3aUW21 The multiple scattering interactions of cobbles and pebbles lying on the ocean ﬂoor .... 1651 C. Feuillade and R. W. Meredith

3aPLb PLENARY LECTURE

3aPLb1 Stochastic effects in ocean acoustics. Advances in theory and experiment ...... 1653 B. J. Uscinski

3pPL PLENARY LECTURE

3pPL1 Marine mammal ears: An anatomical perspective on underwater hearing ...... 1657 Darlene R. Ketten

3pAA VERN O. KNUDSEN DISTINGUISHED LECTURE

3pAA1 Concert hall research: Balancing complexity with practicality ...... 1661 J. S. Bradley

3pAO ACOUSTICS OF FISHERIES AND PLANKTON I

3pAO1 An intermediate range sonar for fish detection ...... 1663 David M. Farmer, Mark V. Trevorrow, and Bjarke Pedersen 3pAO2 Shallow water salmon and herring detection using 100 kHz sidescan sonars ...... 1665 Mark V. Trevorrow, David M. Farmer, and Bjarke Pedersen 3pAO3 Multi-beams sonar image processing and three dimensional analysis of fish schools .... 1667 Chafiaaˆ Hamitouche, Vale´rie Burdin, Carla Scalabrin, and Laurent Lecornu 3pAO4 Near-resonance scattering from schooling fish ...... 1669 R. W. Nero, C. H. Thompson, C. Feuillade, and R. H. Love 3pAO5 Sound scattering from a few scatterers: Application to swimbladder fish ...... 1671 Alberto Alvarez and Zhen Ye

3pBV ULTRASOUND ASSISTED DRUG DELIVERY II

3pBV1 Chemopotentiation by low-level ultrasound ...... 1673 George H. Harrison and Elizabeth K. Balcer-Kubiczek 3pBV2 Sonochemistry of sonodynamic therapy ...... 1675 Peter Riesz and Vladimı´r Misˇ´ık 3pBV3 Gene activation and gene delivery with ultrasound ...... 1677 Evan C. Unger, Thomas P. McCreery, Robert H. Sweitzer, Vernoica E. Caldwell, and Annemarie Santanen 3pBV4 Ultrasound activation of new drugs for killing cancer cells ...... 1679 Katsuro Tachibana and Toshiki Uchida 3pBV5 Control of ultrasound-mediated reversible membrane permeabilization for targeted drug delivery ...... 1681 Mark R. Prausnitz, Keyvan Keyhani, Aimee Parsons, and Thomas N. Lewis

B41 3pEA ADVANCED TRANSDUCTION MATERIALS

3pEA1 Efﬁciency and electromechanical resonance in magnetostrictive transducers ...... 1683 Frederick T. Calkins and Alison B. Flatau 3pEA2 A study of 1-3 piezocomposite high drive limits ...... 1685 Thomas R. Howarth, David Van Tol, Charles Allen, and W. Jack Hughes 3pEA3 The development of affordable constant beamwidth transducers using injection molded 1-3 piezoelectric composite ...... 1687 Kim C. Benjamin, A. L. Van Buren, and S. Petrie 3pEA4 Lamb waves generation in composite plates with a thin linear array of piezoelectric elements ...... 1689 Thierry Demol, Pierrick Blanquet, Emmanuel Moulin, and Christophe Delebarre 3pEA5 Built-in transducer design for Lamb waves generation in composite structures ...... 1691 Pierrick Blanquet, Thierry Demol, Emmanuel Moulin, and Christophe Delebarre 3pEA6 Optimization of piezoelectric circular bimorph ...... 1693 Andrzej B. Dobrucki 3pEA7 Research on inhomogeneous 1-3 PZT/polymer composite transducer ...... 1695 Xu Dalun and Zhou Tieying 3pEA8 The ring type all ﬁber Fabry-Perot interferometer hydrophone system ...... 1697 Donglin Li and Shuquan Zhang

3pED UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH POSTER SESSION

3pED1 Nonlinear effects in the paraxial region of diffracting sound beams radiated by cylinder sources ...... 1699 Svetlana V. Babenkova, Vera A. Khokhlova, and Steven G. Kargl 3pED2 Sentential prosodic contour facilitates adults’ short-term memory for nonsense syllable strings ...... 1701 Diana Lynn Schenck 3pED3 Design and development of PC-IMAT: Teaching strategies for acoustical oceanography ...... 1703 Lee Anne Hurley, Kevin M. Thomas, Murray S. Korman, John W. Schuler, and Eleanor Holmes 3pED4 Sonic gas analysis ...... 1705 Matthew V. Golden, Robert M. Keolian, and Steven L. Garrett 3pED5 Use of pseudo-random codes in pulse compression ...... 1707 Paul Shoning, Antal Sarkady, and Currie Wooten

3pPAa SONOCHEMISTRY AND SONOLUMINESCENCE: SC II

3pPAa1 Hydrodynamical perturbation effects in sonoluminescence ...... 1709 Anatol M. Brodsky, Lloyd W. Burgess, David W. Kuhns, and Alex L. Robinson 3pPAa2 Dependence of multibubble sonoluminescence intensity on the sound ﬁeld in a sonochemical reactor ...... 1711 Hideto Mitome, Teruyuki Kozuka, Toru Tuziuti, and Liming Wang 3pPAa3 Ultrasonic energy transferring into liquid phase load ...... 1713 Oleg V. Abramov, Vladimir O. Abramov, Yuri S. Astashkin, Oleg M. Gradov, and Sergey I. Nikitenko 3pPAa4 Enhancement of ultrasonic cavitation yield by a bifrequency irradiation and its frequency effect ...... 1715 Ruo Feng, Changping Zhu, Jiangyi Xu, Zhouhua Chen, and Huamao Li 3pPAa5 Ultrasonic waves in magnetic liquids: Two-phase approach and experimental results ...... 1717 Tomasz Hornowski, Mariusz Kaczmarek, Mikołaj Łabowski, and Andrzej Skumiel 3pPAa6 Sonoﬂuorescence image in analogous sonochemical reactor ...... 1719 Huamao Li, Andong Xie, Fan Zhong, Huijun Wan, Lijin Liu, and Ruo Feng

B42 3pPAb NONLINEAR ACOUSTICS I: 1. HISTORY; 2. SOLIDS; ROCKS; 3. SURFACE WAVES, PART 2

3pPAb1 Interaction of counterpropagating acoustic waves in materials with nonlinear dissipation and in hysteretic media ...... 1721 Vitalyi Gusev, He´le`ne Bailliet, Pierrick Lotton, and Michel Bruneau 3pPAb2 Pseudo-Rayleigh and pseudo-Scholte surface acoustic solitary waves ...... 1723 Vitalyi Gusev, Christ Glorieux, and Jan Thoen 3pPAb3 Nonlinear acoustics of solids: History and modern trends ...... 1725 Vladimir A. Krasilnikov 3pPAb4 Measurements of third-order elasticity in isotropic solids ...... 1727 Z. W. Qian and Wenhua Jiang 3pPAb5 Nonlinear acoustics of zero-volume non-bonds and cracks ...... 1729 Igor Yu. Solodov

3pPAc MEMORIAL SESSION FOR ISADORE RUDNICK

3pPAc0 Isadore Rudnick memorial session ...... 1731 Richard Stern, Robert Keolian, and Steven Garrett 3pPAc1 Isadore Rudnick’s contributions to nonlinear acoustics ...... 1733 Robert T. Beyer 3pPAc2 Izzy Rudnick’s educational demonstrations and videos ...... 1735 Robert M. Keolian 3pPAc3 Metals, superconductors, phase transitions and Izzy ...... 1737 Moises Levy 3pPAc4 Dr. Mudnick, rough-on-rats Rudnick, etc...... 1739 Steven Garrett 3aPAc5 My happy years with my mentor—Professor Isadore Rudnick ...... 1741 Junru Wu 3pPAc6 Isadore Rudnick: Making waves in superﬂuid helium ...... 1743 J. D. Maynard 3pPAc7 Isadore Rudnick: Making waves in liquid helium ...... 1745 Seth J. Putterman

3pSA NONLINEAR DYNAMICS AND CHAOS

3pSA1 Vector ﬁelds and quadratic maps ...... 1747 Huw G. Davies and Konstantinos Karagiozis 3pSA2 Experimental and theoretical analysis of the nonlinear dynamics and acoustics of a rattling plate ...... 1749 Karen Fegelman and Karl Grosh 3pSA3 Effects of disorder and nonlinearity on the propagation of classical waves ...... 1751 O. Richoux, C. Depollier, J. Hardy, and A. Brezini 3pSA4 Nonlinear vibroacoustical free oscillation method for crack detection and evaluation ...... 1753 Leonid M. Gelman and Sergey V. Gorpinich 3pSA5 Nonlinear dynamic behavior of a piezoelectric 1-3 composite ...... 1755 Thomas J. Royston and Brian H. Houston 3pSA6 Theoretical bases of the vibroacoustical nonlinear forced oscillation diagnostics method ...... 1757 Leonid M. Gelman and Nadejda I. Bouraou

3pSP GENERAL TOPICS IN SIGNAL PROCESSING IN ACOUSTICS

3pSP1 Using acoustic impulses to detect buried objects ...... 1759 C. G. Don, D. E. Lawrence, and A. J. Rogers

B43 3pSP2 Automatic noise source recognition ...... 1761 Didier Dufournet, Philippe Jouenne, and Adam Rozwadowski 3pSP3 A novel octave graphic equalizer ...... 1763 Marija F. Hribsˇek, Ruzˇa Berberski, and Dejan V. Tosˇic´ 3pSP4 Tomographic scanning acoustic microscope system ...... 1765 Daesik Ko, Daegun Song, Gihwan Hwang, and Kyesuk Jun 3pSP5 Motion compensated high frequency synthetic aperture sonar „SAS… ...... 1767 James T. Christoff 3pSP6 A study of extracting characteristic parameters of tubular targets ...... 1769 Renqian Wang and Yingchun Li

3pUW BOTTOM GEOACOUSTIC CHARACTERIZATION AND INVERSION II

3pUW1 Head wave data inversion for geoacoustic parameters of the ocean bottom off Vancouver Island ...... 1771 Mark C. A. Laidlaw, Oleg A. Godin, and N. Ross Chapman 3pUW2 Acoustic propagation in gassy sediments ...... 1773 Michael D. Richardson, Warren T. Wood, Aubrey L. Anderson, and Roy H. Wilkens 3pUW3 Indentification of inhomogeneous media using global optmization techniques ...... 1775 Marcelo Bruno S. Magalha˜es and Roberto A. Tenenbaum 3pUW4 Sequential versus iterative methods for recovering acoustical impedance profiles of inhomogeneous media ...... 1777 Roberto A. Tenenbaum and Marcelo Bruno S. Magalha˜es 3pUW5 An experiment on inversion of sound profile through ray modeling ...... 1779 Yuanliang Ma, Shixing Yang, Qingzuo Chen, Xiaoquuan Jiang, Qingping Tu, and Yuanhai Sheng 3pUW6 Waveguide characterization estimation in shallow water by a vertical array ...... 1781 Dejun Jiang and Tianfu Gao 3pUW7 Error analysis of inverse algorithms for reconstructing the acoustic parameter profile of layered media ...... 1783 Jun-xuan Lin and Qing-hua Bao

4aPLa PLENARY LECTURE

4aPLa1 Fuzzier but simpler analytic models for physical acoustics and structural acoustics .... 1785 Allan D. Pierce

4aAA CASE STUDY ON THE NEW TOKYO PERFORMING ARTS CENTER

4aAA1 Japan’s new National Performing Arts Center ...... 1789 Takahiko Yanagisawa 4aAA2 Acoustical design of the opera house of the New National Theatre, Tokyo, Japan ...... 1791 Leo L. Beranek, Takayuki Hidaka, and Sadahiro Masuda 4aAA3 Acoustical design of the drama and experimental theatres of the New National Theatre, Tokyo, Japan ...... 1793 Leo L. Beranek, Takayuki Hidaka, and Sadahiro Masuda 4aAA4 Acoustical design of the Tokyo Opera City „TOC… concert hall, Japan ...... 1795 Takayuki Hidaka, Leo L. Beranek, Sadahiro Masuda, Noriko Nishihara, and Toshiyuki Okano 4aAA5 Relation of acoustical parameters with and without audiences in concert halls and a simple method for simulating the occupied state ...... 1797 Takayuki Hidaka, Noriko Nishihara, and Leo L. Beranek 4aAA6 Objective and subjective measurement of ﬁfteen opera houses in Europe, Japan and Americas ...... 1799 Takayuki Hidaka and Leo L. Beranek

B44 4aAB TEMPORAL PATTERNS AND RHYTHM

4aAB1 It’s all a matter of timing: Temporal mechanisms for production and encoding of acoustic signals ...... 1801 Andrew H. Bass and Deana Bodnar 4aAB2 Temporal rhythms in the signals of insects ...... 1803 T. G. Forrest 4aAB3 Stochastic resonance in the amphibian auditory system? It’s just a matter of time ..... 1805 Peter M. Narins 4aAB4 Whale voices from the deep: Temporal patterns and signal structures as adaptations for living in an acoustic medium ...... 1807 Christopher W. Clark 4aAB5 Time pattern of sperm whale codas recorded in the Mediterranean sea 1985–1996 .... 1809 G. Pavan, T. Hayward, J. F. Borsani, M. Priano, M. Manghi, and C. Fossati

4aAO ACOUSTICS OF FISHERIES AND PLANKTON II

4aAO1 Acoustic scattering models of zooplankton from several major anatomical groups: Theory and experiment ...... 1811 Timothy K. Stanton, Dezhang Chu, and Peter H. Wiebe 4aAO2 Covariance mean variance classification „CMVC… techniques: Application to the acoustic classification of zooplankton ...... 1813 Linda V. Martin Traykovski, Timothy K. Stanton, Peter H. Wiebe, and James F. Lynch 4aAO3 A DWBA-based representation of the extinction cross section of weakly scattering objects: Application to zooplankton ...... 1815 Dezhang Chu and Zhen Ye 4aAO4 An in situ target strength model for Atlantic redfish ...... 1817 Ste´phane Gauthier and George Rose 4aAO5 Sensitivity of acoustic scattering models to fish morphometry ...... 1819 J. Michael Jech and John K. Horne 4aAO6 Quantifying intra-species variation in acoustic backscatter models ...... 1821 John K. Horne and J. Michael Jech 4aAO7 The acoustic scattering directivities of juvenile salmonids ...... 1823 Thomas J. Carlson, Mark A. Weiland, and Gina L. George 4aAO8 Target strength measurements of walleye pollock „Theragra chalcogramma… ...... 1825 Jimmie J. Traynor 4aAO9 Three-dimensional acoustic measurements of zooplankton swimming behavior in the Red Sea ...... 1827 Duncan E. McGehee, Amatzia Genin, and Jules S. Jaffe

4aBVa APPLICATIONS OF MICROBUBBLE BASED ECHO CONTRAST AGENTS I

4aBVa1 Characteristics of ultrasound contrast agents ...... 1829 Nico de Jong, Peter Frinking, and Ignacio Ce´spedes 4aBVa2 Nonlinear properties of microbubbles and applications to medical ultrasound imaging ...... 1831 Volkmar Uhlendorf, Thomas Fritzsch, Michael Reinhardt, and Frank-Detlef Scholle 4aBVa3 Harmonic imaging for microbubble contrast agent detection ...... 1833 Chien Ting Chin and Peter N. Burns 4aBVa4 Acoustic charaterisation of Nycomed’s NC100100 contrast agent ...... 1835 Lars Hoff, Per C. Sontum, and Jens M. Hovem 4aBVa5 Nonlinear response of microbubbles to pulsed diagnostic ultrasound ...... 1837 Sascha Hilgenfeldt, Detlef Lohse, and Michael Zomack

B45 4aBVa6 Acoustical nonlinearity parameter of liquids with microbubbles ...... 1839 X. F. Gong, S. G. Ye, D. Zhang, S. S. Feng, R. Q. Zhang, R. T. Wang, Z. Z. Xu, L. M. Liu, and K. L. Ha 4aBVa7 Bubble dynamics of ultrasound contrast agents ...... 1841 Michalakis A. Averkiou, Matthew F. Bruce, and Jeffry E. Powers 4aBVa8 Estimation of contrast agent concentration using spectrum analysis ...... 1843 Cheri X. Deng, Frederic L. Lizzi, Andy Kalisz, Ronald H. Silverman, and D. Jackson Coleman 4aBVa9 Detection and estimation of micro-bubble size distribution in blood ...... 1845 Klaus V. Jenderka, Georg Dietrich, Ulrich Cobet, Bernhard Kopsch, Albrecht Klemenz, and Peter Urbanek

4aBVb MEDICAL ULTRASOUND I—TRANSDUCTION AND PROPAGATION

4aBVb1 Ultrasonic phased array design for reduced crosstalk ...... 1847 John M. Dodson and Karl Grosh 4aBVb2 A new method of ultrasonic hydrophone calibration using wave propagation modeling ...... 1849 Hendrik J. Bleeker and Peter A. Lewin 4aBVb3 High frequency backscatter measurements of bovine tissues with unfocused and focused transducers ...... 1851 Subha Maruvada, Kirk Shung, and Shyh-Hau Wang 4aBVb4 The acoustic properties of microcalciﬁcations in the context of breast ultrasound ...... 1853 Martin E. Anderson, Mary S. C. Soo, and Gregg E. Trahey 4aBVb5 Acousto-mechanical imaging for cancer detection ...... 1855 A. P. Sarvazyan 4aBVb6 Shear wave excitation in rubber-like medium by focused shock pulse ...... 1857 Yury A. Pishchal’nikov, Valery G. Andreev, Oleg V. Rudenko, Oleg A. Sapozhnikov, and Armen P. Sarvazyan 4aBVb7 Evaluating ultrasound propagation through tissue layers mapped from medical images ...... 1859 Jie Sun and Kullervo Hynynen 4aBVb8 An A-mode ultrasound technique for tracking the advance of coagulation front in laser irradiated tissue ...... 1861 Zhigang Sun, Hao Ying, Jialiang Lu, Brent Bell, Massoud Motamedi, and Daniel F. Cowan 4aBVb9 Time domain propagation of pulsed ultrasound through a tissue-like material ...... 1863 Ibrahim M. Hallaj, Robin O. Cleveland, Ronald A. Roy, and Steven G. Kargl

4aEA SENSORS FOR SMART SYSTEMS

4aEA1 Sensor engineering on the microscale ...... 1865 Thomas B. Gabrielson 4aEA2 Area averaging sensors for vibro-acoustic control ...... 1867 Brian Houston and Robert D. Corsaro 4aEA3 Sound power emission measurement and control on a 300 t hydraulic press ...... 1869 Fabrizio Bronuzzi, Caterina Cigna, Mario Patrucco, and Maurizio Sassone 4aEA4 Active control of sound transmission through an industrial sound encapsulation ...... 1871 Paul Sas, Wouter Dehandschutter, Antonio Vecchio, and Rene Boonen 4aEA5 Structural vibration mode imaging using photorefractive holography ...... 1873 K. L. Telschow and V. A. Deason 4aEA6 Piezoelectric resonant sensor for sound velocity of liquids ...... 1875 Ewald Benes, Helmut Nowotny, Branka Devcic-Kuhar, Martin Gro¨schl, Dagmar Harrer, Rudolf Thalhammer, and Felix Trampler 4aEA7 Transient behaviour of acoustic gyrometers ...... 1877 Philippa Dupire and Michel Bruneau

B46 4aMU TIMBRE OF MUSICAL SOUND I

4aMU1 Spectral vs. harmonic information for timbre: Pilot and experimental results ...... 1879 Einar W. Mencl 4aMU2 Macrotimbre: Contribution of attack and steady state ...... 1881 Gregory J. Sandell 4aMU3 Methods for measurement and manipulation of timbral physical correlates ...... 1883 James W. Beauchamp 4aMU4 Perceptual interaction of excitor and resonator properties in percussive instrument sounds ...... 1885 Stephen McAdams, Koei Kudo, and Holle Kirchner 4aMU5 The effect of amplitude and centroid trajectories on the timbre of percussive and nonpercussive orchestral instruments ...... 1887 John M. Hajda 4aMU6 Computer identiﬁcation of wind instruments using cepstral coefﬁcients ...... 1889 Judith C. Brown

4aNS ACOUSTICAL MATERIALS AND PROPAGATION

4aNS1 Effect of the ﬂat panel resonance on the absorption characteristics of microperforated-panel absorber ...... 1891 Liu Ke, Jiao Fenglei, Ding Hui, and Qiao Wuzhi 4aNS2 Prediction system for rotor-stator interaction noise generation, propagation and optimization of acoustic liners ...... 1893 Yadong Lu, Zongan Hu, and Tsui Chihya 4aNS3 The Wiener-Hopf technique and scattering of acoustic waves in ducts ...... 1895 Fredrik Albertson 4aNS4 Acoustic response of a thin poroelastic plate ...... 1897 Kirill V. Horoshenkov and Kimihiro Sakagami 4aNS5 A non-destructive method to measure the airﬂow resistance of jet engine nacelles ...... 1899 T. R. T. Nightingale and Brandon Tinianow 4aNS6 Another predication method of sound power levels of noise sources—Vibration measurement method ...... 1901 Yang Weicheng, Liao Wenbin, Qiao Wuzhi, and Jiao Fenglei 4aNS7 The limit of absorbing characteristics of folded resonators silencers and ways on its realisation ...... 1903 Roudolf N. Starobinski

4aPAa CAVITATION DYNAMICS: IN MEMORIAM HUGH FLYNN I

4aPAa1 Hugh Guthrie Flynn, 1912–1997 ...... 1905 David T. Blackstock 4aPAa2 Sonically induced growth of gas bubbles by diffusion ...... 1907 Anthony I. Eller 4aPAa3 Reminiscences on bubble dynamics and cavitation ...... 1909 M. Strasberg 4aPAa4 ‘‘Physics of acoustic cavitation in liquids’’: Flynn’s review 35 years later ...... 1911 A. Prosperetti 4aPAa5 Cavitation terminology ...... 1913 Wesley L. Nyborg 4aPAa6 Inﬂuence of non-radial experimental conditions on the acoustic scattering behaviour of a single cavitation bubble ...... 1915 T. Niederdra¨nk 4aPAa7 Susceptibility of silicon wafers to acoustic microcavitation damage ...... 1917 Sameer I. Madanshetty and Jogesh B. Chandran

B47 4aPAa8 Study of the correlations between cavitation noise power and void rate in an acoustic cavitation bubble ﬁeld ...... 1919 Ste´phane Labouret, Jacques Frohly, Roger Torguet, and Lie´vin Camus

4aPAb RADIATION AND DIFFRACTION

4aPAb1 Acoustical helicoidal waves and Laguerre-Gaussian beams: Applications to scattering and to angular momentum transport ...... 1921 Brian T. Hefner and Philip L. Marston 4aPAb2 Vibrations of a ﬁlm with arrays of point masses ...... 1923 Takato Handa, Andy Piacsek, and Roger Yu 4aPAb3 Absorbing boundary conditions for acoustic waves and Huygens principle ...... 1925 Ge´rard Mangiante and Sylvestre Charles 4aPAb4 Diffraction by a hard half plane: Useful and simple frequency forms to an exact time-domain solution ...... 1927 Djamel Ouis 4aPAb5 A discussion on non-radiating sources ...... 1929 Ricardo E. Musaﬁr 4aPAb6 Lending an ear to the dimensionality of the space ...... 1931 R. Nicol, J. Hardy, and C. Depollier 4aPAb7 Resolution of the convected Helmholtz’s equation by integral equations ...... 1933 M. Beldi 4aPAb8 Enhanced ray theory ...... 1935 Nikolay E. Maltsev 4aPAb9 Experimental study on the vortex-shedding sound from a yawed circular cylinder ..... 1937 Jong-Soo Choi and Hoon-Bin Hong

4aPAc GENERAL TOPICS IN PHYSICAL ACOUSTICS

4aPAc1 Theory on mass-transport generated by ultrasonic Lamb-waves ...... 1939 Gonghuan Du, Zhemin Zhu, and Xiaoliang Zhao 4aPAc2 Photoacoustic study of the electron-hole transport in a piezoelectric semiconductor .... 1941 Weimin Gao, Vitaly Gusev, Christ Glorieux, Kris Van de Rostyne, Jan Thoen, and Gustaaf Borghs 4aPAc3 Ultrasonic investigation of glass transition dynamics of polyurethane systems ...... 1943 Pierre-Yves Baillif, Mohamed Tabellout, and Jacques R. Emery 4aPAc4 Longitudinal structural relaxation of a glass-forming epoxy oligomer ...... 1945 Mami Matsukawa, Hiroshi Yamura, Takahiko Otani, and Norikazu Ohtori 4aPAc5 Hot-spot model of single-bubble sonoluminescence ...... 1947 Kyuichi Yasui 4aPAc6 Nonlinear reflection of acoustic waves at the dissipative isotropic solid-solid interfaces ...... 1949 W. H. Jiang, J. J. Chen, and Y. A. Shui 4aPAc7 Estimation of forward propagated ultrasonic fields in layered fluid media ...... 1951 Kang L. Ha, Moo J. Kim, Wei Y. Zhang, Shi G. Ye, and Xiu F. Gong 4aPAc8 High temporal resolution of the acoustic transients associated with optical cavitation in water using a large area piezoelectric transducer ...... 1953 Robin D. Alcock and David C. Emmony 4aPAc9 Particle interactions in coupled phase theory for sound propagation in concentrated emulsions ...... 1955 J. M. Evans and K. Attenborough 4aPAc10 Particle trajectories in a drifting resonance field separation device ...... 1957 Bernhard Handl, Martin Gro¨schl, Felix Trampler, Ewald Benes, Steven M. Woodside, and James M. Piret 4aPAc11 Methods of processing laser Doppler anemometry signals to extract sound field information ...... 1959 John S. Cullen, David B. Hann, Clive A. Greated, and D. Murray Campbell

B48 4aPAc12 Approach to characterize the sound ﬁeld of pulse-excited ultrasonic sensors using a laser-Doppler vibrometer ...... 1961 Bernd Henning, Stefan Prange, Mark Schuart, and Karsten Dierks 4aPAc13 Simulation of ultrasound propagation in a thermally turbulent ﬂuid using Gaussian beam summation and Fourier modes superposition techniques ...... 1963 Christian Lhullier, David Fiorina, and Daniel Juve´ 4aPAc14 Lattice Boltzmann methods in acoustics ...... 1965 James M. Buick, D. Murray Campbell, and Clive A. Greated 4aPAc15 Acoustical characteristics of the noise radiated from supersonic multi-jets ...... 1967 Yoshikuni Umeda and Ryuji Ishii 4aPAc16 Acoustic parameters of high functional plastics—Measurement of acoustic velocities „wave propagation velocities… ...... 1969 Masahide Gakumazawa and Minoru Akiyama

4aPP PLENARY PREVIEW—ISSUES RELATED TO SPEECH PERCEPTION AND HEARING IMPAIRMENT

4aPP1 Effects of stimulus level and background noise on vowel representations in the auditory brainstem of cats ...... 1971 Bradford J. May and Murray B. Sachs 4aPP2 The role of the auditory periphery in the categorization of stop consonants ...... 1973 R. I. Damper 4aPP3 Integrating monaural and binaural spectral information ...... 1975 Michael A. Akeroyd, A. Quentin Summerﬁeld, and John R. Foster 4aPP4 Gap detection threshold in ears with and without spontaneous otoacoustic emissions ...... 1977 Jacek Smurzynski and Rudolf Probst 4aPP5 Modulation masking in a speech recognition task for hearing impaired subjects ...... 1979 Rene´ van der Horst and Wouter A. Dreschler 4aPP6 A mathematical model of consonant perception by cochlear implant users with the SPEAK strategy ...... 1981 Mario A. Svirsky and Ted A. Meyer 4aPP7 Categorical loudness perception in normal and hearing impaired subjects ...... 1983 Vishakha Waman Rawool 4aPP8 Across-channel sensitivity to temporal asynchrony in cochlear implantees ...... 1985 R. P. Carlyon, L. Geurts, and J. Wouters 4aPP9 The effect of fast-acting compression on psychoacoustic jnds ...... 1987 Brent W. Edwards 4aPP10 Spectro-temporal modulation transfer and speech intelligibility for multi-band amplitude compression ...... 1989 Joost M. Festen

4aSA STATISTICAL ENERGY AND FUZZY STRUCTURE ANALYSES—SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

4aSA1 Structures with attached resonators—The SEA view ...... 1991 Richard H. Lyon 4aSA2 Rudimentary statistical energy analysis and structural fuzzies ...... 1993 Gideon Maidanik and J. Dickey 4aSA3 Spatial distribution of energy in SEA acoustic volumes ...... 1995 Evan B. Davis 4aSA4 Fuzzy structure, initial problem, Poincare´ theorem ...... 1997 S. A. Rybak

B49 4aSC SPEECH PERCEPTION THEORIES AND MODELS

4aSC1 Testing two information taxonomies in Spanish ...... 1999 Guillermo Andre´s Toledo 4aSC2 Perception of speech gestures ...... 2001 Rene´ Carre´ and Pierre L. Divenyi 4aSC3 Coarticulation in CV syllables: A locus equation and EPG perspective ...... 2003 Marija Tabain 4aSC4 A model for dependencies in phonetic categorization ...... 2005 Roel Smits 4aSC5 Familiarity and pronounceability of nouns and names: The Purdue proper name database ...... 2007 Aimeé M. Surprenant, Susan L. Hura, Mary P. Harper, Leah H. Jamieson, Glenis Long, Scott M. Thede, Ayasakanta Rout, Tsung-Hsiang Hsueh, Stephen A. Hockema, Michael T. Johnson, John B. Laflan, Pramila Srinivasan, and Christopher White 4aSC6 Ranking the pitches of concurrent vowels ...... 2009 D. Dwayne Paschall and Peter F. Assmann 4aSC7 Selection of a tonotopic scale for vowels ...... 2011 Terrance M. Nearey 4aSC8 An exemplar-based account of emergent phonetic categories ...... 2013 Francisco Lacerda 4aSC9 Effect of spectral distance on vowel perception ...... 2015 Patrick C. M. Wong and Randy L. Diehl 4aSC10 Syllable as the segmentation unit in perceiving spoken Chinese ...... 2017 Chin-Hsing Tseng 4aSC11 Phonological boundaries and the spectral center of gravity ...... 2019 Michelle R. Molis, Randy L. Diehl, and Adam Jacks 4aSC12 An exemplar-based model of silent-center syllable perception ...... 2021 Stephen Winters and Keith Johnson 4aSC13 The time course of auditory learning: Neurophysiologic changes during speech- sound training ...... 2023 Kelly L. Tremblay, Nina Kraus, Therese McGee, and Steve Zecker 4aSC14 Context effects in the auditory identification of Spanish fricatives /f/ and /Y/: Hyper and hypospeech ...... 2025 Sergio Feijoó, Santiago Fernańdez, and Ramoń Balsa 4aSC15 Evidence of independent verbal processors for the same stimulus: Insights from dichotic verbal transformations ...... 2027 James A. Bashford, Jr. and Richard M. Warren 4aSC16 Inducing a ‘‘perceptual magnet’’-like effect in a non-speech modality ...... 2029 Fatima T. Husain and Frank H. Guenther 4aSC17 Interarticulator phasing and locus equations ...... 2031 Anders Lo¨fqvist 4aSC18 Latency of MEG M100 response indexes first formant frequency ...... 2033 Krishna K. Govindarajan, Colin Phillips, David Poeppel, Timothy P. L. Roberts, and Alec Marantz 4aSC19 Perceptual magnet effect in the corner vowels /u/ and /Ä/ ...... 2035 Robert Allen Fox and Lynn Carahaly 4aSC20 Surveying auditory space using vowel formant data ...... 2037 Matthew J. Makashay and Keith Johnson 4aSC21 Relation between discrimination and identification of English vowels ...... 2039 Diane Kewley-Port and Amy T. Neel 4aSC22 Effects of vowel prototypicality and extremity on discrimination sensitivity ...... 2041 Satsuki Nakai 4aSC23 Phonetic categories: Internal category structure and processing speed ...... 2043 Joanne L. Miller, Peter D. Eimas, and Ethan Cox 4aSC24 The effect of speaking style alterations on locus equation stability ...... 2045 Harvey M. Sussman, Eileen Dalston, and Sam Gumbert

B50 4aSC25 Modeling the perception of features in the identification of English consonants ...... 2047 Tobey Lynn Doeleman 4aSC26 Additive effects of phonetic distinctions in word learning ...... 2049 Joseph Pater, Christine Stager, and Janet Werker 4aSC27 Vowel perception by children and adults: Based on steady-states or transitions? ...... 2051 Joan E. Sussman, Jason Steinberg, and Julie Fenwick 4aSC28 Lexical competition in spoken word recognition by younger and older adults: A comparison of the rime cognate, neighborhood, and cohort ...... 2053 Mitchell S. Sommers and Shigeaki Amano 4aSC29 Integration of auditory and visual speech information ...... 2055 Michael D. Hall, Paula M. T. Smeele, and Patricia K. Kuhl 4aSC30 Speech-sound perception in normal and learning-disabled children: Effect of lengthened CV transition duration ...... 2057 Ann R. Bradlow, Nina Kraus, Trent Nicol, Therese McGee, Jenna Cunningham, and Thomas D. Carrell 4aSC31 Listener variability and multiple perception processes ...... 2059 Stephanie Lindemann 4aSC32 Effects of affective tone on spoken word recognition ...... 2061 Lynne C. Nygaard, Jennifer S. Queen, and S. Alexandra Burt 4aSC33 On the perception of qualitative and phonetic similarities of voices ...... 2063 Robert E. Remez, Jennifer L. Van Dyk, Jennifer M. Fellowes, and Philip E. Rubin 4aSC34 Perception of American English /r/ and / l / by Mandarin speakers: Influences of phonetic identification and category goodness ...... 2065 Feng-Ming Tsao, Michael D. Hall, Richard Eyraud, and Patricia K. Kuhl 4aSC35 Non-native listeners’ representations of within-word structure ...... 2067 Takashi Otake, Kiyoko Yoneyama, and Hideki Maki 4aSC36 The discovery of natural classes by non-native listeners ...... 2069 John Kingston and Elliott Moreton

4aSP ACOUSTICS IN MULTIMEDIA—SYSTEMS ISSUES I

4aSP1 The JASA and other technical journals of the future—A new multimedia format? ..... 2071 Daniel R. Raichel 4aSP2 Mediacoustics: The teaching of acoustics by computer ...... 2073 Michael Wahlrab 4aSP3 Animations created in Mathematica for acoustics education ...... 2075 Victor W. Sparrow and Daniel A. Russell 4aSP4 A software teacher for acoustical measurements ...... 2077 Ila Tokola, Matti Karjalainen, and Martti Rahkila 4aSP5 Design and development of the personalized curriculum for interactive multisensor analysis training „PC-IMAT… ...... 2079 John W. Schuler, Murray S. Korman, and Eleanor Holmes 4aSP6 Construction of a HATS and its HRTF measurement for 3-D sound ...... 2081 Kyeong Ok Kang, Dong-Gyu Kang, Minsoo Hahn, Moon Jae Jho, and Dae-Gwon Jeong 4aSP7 Measuring and modeling the effect of source distance in head-related transfer functions ...... 2083 Jyri Huopaniemi and Klaus A. J. Riederer

4aUW 3-D PROPAGATION EFFECTS I: WHERE ARE WE TODAY IN MODELS AND MEASUREMENTS?

4aUW1 The penetrable wedge as a three dimensional benchmark ...... 2085 Grant B. Deane 4aUW2 Three-dimensional propagation effects: Modeling, observations, suggested benchmark cases ...... 2087 Kevin B. Smith

B51 4aUW3 Experimental measurements of three dimensional underwater sound propagation over a variable bathymetry ...... 2089 Stewart A. L. Glegg, Joseph M. Riley, and Antony La Vigne 4aUW4 Modeling of the Santa Lucia experiment ...... 2091 Michael B. Porter 4aUW5 Benchmarking two three-dimensional parabolic equation methods ...... 2093 Fre´de´ric B. Sturm, John A. Fawcett, Finn B. Jensen, and Marie-Claude Pe´lissier 4aUW6 Parabolic equation modeling with the split-step Fourier algorithm in four dimensions ...... 2095 Frederick D. Tappert 4aUW7 Parabolic equation techniques for scattering from an object in a waveguide ...... 2097 Michael D. Collins, Luise S. Couchman, Joseph F. Lingevitch, Joseph J. Shirron, Mireille F. Levy, and Andrew A. Zaporozhets 4aUW8 Limitations on adiabatic normal modes in range varying environments ...... 2099 Peter C. Mignerey 4aUW9 3-D acoustic effects due to ocean currents ...... 2101 Oleg A. Godin 4aUW10 Three-dimensional solutions to range-dependent problems in shallow-water by a pseudo-spectral method ...... 2103 Altan Turgut and Stephen N. Wolf

4aPLb PLENARY LECTURE

4aPLb1 Psychoacoustics of cochlear hearing impairment and the design of hearing aids ...... 2105 Brian C. J. Moore

4pAAa CASE STUDY ON THE NEW TOKYO INTERNATIONAL FORUM

4pAAa1 Role of the acoustic advisors in the design of the Tokyo International Forum ...... 2109 Hideki Tachibana and Teruji Yamamoto 4pAAa2 Room acoustic designs for the Tokyo International Forum ...... 2111 Christopher Jaffe, Mark Holden, Russell A. Cooper, T. Kobayashi, and Fukushi Kawakami 4pAAa3 Noise and vibration control in Tokyo International Forum ...... 2113 Fukushi Kawakami, Testu Kobayashi, Russell Cooper, Mark Holden, and Christopher Jaffe 4pAAa4 Active ﬁeld control for Tokyo International Forum facilities by electro-acoustic means ...... 2115 Yasushi Shimizu, Shinjiro Yamashita, Fukushi Kawakami, Mark Holden, Paul H. Scarbrough, and David W. Robb

4pAAb PERFORMANCE SPACES

4pAAb1 Early sound distribution in auditorium ...... 2117 Jiqing Wang and Guorong Jiang 4pAAb2 The late reverberation time as a new criteria for the evaluation of hall acoustics ...... 2119 Vytautas J. Stauskis 4pAAb3 Study on acoustic index variations due to small changes in an observation point ...... 2121 Katsuaki Sekiguchi and Toshiki Hanyu 4pAAb4 Effects of the spatial information of a sound ﬁeld on listener envelopment ...... 2123 Toshiki Hanyu and Sho Kimura 4pAAb5 An evaluation method of concert hall acoustics ...... 2125 Y. Hirasawa and Z. Maekawa 4pAAb6 Acoustical behavior of churches: Mudejar-Gothic churches ...... 2127 Juan J. Sendra, T. Zamarren˜o, and J. Navarro 4pAAb7 Acoustical design of the Sumida Triphony Hall ...... 2129 Toshiko Fukuchi and Hideo Nakamura

B52 4pAAb8 Subjective assessment of uneven distribution of reflections within a concert hall ...... 2131 Eugenio Collados 4pAAb9 A neural network analysis of concert hall acoustics ...... 2133 Fergus R. Fricke and Young Gon Han 4pAAb10 Directional dependence of the change of auditory source width by very short time- delay reflections ...... 2135 Masayuki Morimoto and Mariko Watanabe 4pAAb11 Reverberation time in Serbian orthodox worship spaces ...... 2137 Miomir Mijic 4pAAb12 An experiment to identify preference groups among concert hall listeners ...... 2139 M. Miklin Halstead, Johan L. Nielsen, and A. Harold Marshall 4pAAb13 On spatial variability of room acoustics measures ...... 2141 Johan L. Nielsen, M. Miklin Halstead, and A. Harold Marshall 4pAAb14 Acoustical design of Queensland Conservatorium of Music ...... 2143 Keiji Oguchi, Yasuhisa Toyota, and Minoru Nagata 4pAAb15 Estimation and analysis of acoustic parameters of ancient churches for concert performances ...... 2145 Tiziana Ottonello, Enrico Dassori, and Andrea Trucco 4pAAb16 Acoustic behavior of a tense-structure ...... 2147 Alessandro Cocchi and Lamberto Tronchin 4pAAb17 Effects of surface textures of choral reflectors ...... 2149 Elizabeth J. Lee 4pAAb18 Acoustical design and characteristics of Harmony Hall Fukui ...... 2151 Akira Ono, Suzuyo Yokose, and Katsuji Naniwa 4pAAb19 Effects of the modulated delay-time of the single reflection on subjective preference .... 2153 Junko Atagi, Yoichi Ando, and Yasutaka Ueda 4pAAb20 Individual differences of subjective preference for sound fields with different preferred delay time of reflection ...... 2155 Souichiro Kuroki, Ippei Yamamoto, Hiroyuki Sakai, Hiroshi Setoguchi, and Yoichi Ando

4pAAc SPEECH INTELLIGIBILITY

4pAAc1 Modelling of acoustic parameters and speech intelligibility in long enclosures ...... 2157 Bridget M. Shield and Lening Yang 4pAAc2 Relationship between speech transmission index and easiness of speech perception in reverberation ...... 2159 Hiroshi Sato, Hiroshi Yoshino, and Muneshige Nagatomo 4pAAc3 Investigation of the speech intelligibility in the dome space ...... 2161 Satoshi Inoue, Masahiro Kato, Kiyoshi Sugino, and Hiroyuki Imaizumi 4pAAc4 Calculation of speech intelligibility using four orthogonal factors extracted from the autocorrelation functions of source and sound ﬁeld signals ...... 2163 Tetsuichi Shoda and Yoichi Ando

4pAO ACOUSTICS OF FISHERIES AND PLANKTON III

4pAO1 Variation in acoustically measured abundance from repeated surveys of herring ...... 2165 Marek Ostrowski and Ingvar J. Huse 4pAO2 Acoustic estimates of zooplankton and micronekton biomass using an ADCP ...... 2167 Patrick H. Ressler, D. C. Biggs, and J. H. Wormuth 4pAO3 Monitoring the growth and mortality rates of pelagic ﬁsh with absorption spectroscopy measurements ...... 2169 Orest Diachok and Paul Smith 4pAO4 Measurements of snapping shrimp colonies using a wideband mobile passive sonar .... 2171 Marc P. Olivieri and Stewart A. L. Glegg

B53 4pAO5 Using sound to map fish spawning: Determining the seasonality and location of spawning by fishes in the family Sciaenidae „Seatrouts, Drums, and Croakers… within Pamlico Sound, NC ...... 2173 Joseph J. Luczkovich, Stephen E. Johnson, and Mark Sprague 4pAO6 Using fish sounds to identify spawning activity of weakfish „Cynoscion regalis… and red drum „Sciaenops ocellata… in nature ...... 2175 Mark W. Sprague, Joe J. Luczkovich, and Stephen Johnson

4pBV APPLICATIONS OF MICROBUBBLE BASED ECHO CONTRAST AGENTS II

4pBV1 Quantification of myocardial blood flow using microbubbles ...... 2177 Sanjiv Kaul, Kevin Wei, and Ananda R. Jayaweera 4pBV2 Gas-filled liposomes as ultrasound contrast agents for blood pool, thrombus-specific and therapeutic applications ...... 2179 Evan C. Unger, Thomas P. McCreery, DeKang Shen, GuanLi Wu, Robert H. Sweitzer, and Qiu Wu 4pBV3 Targeted acoustic contrast agents—New opportunities for ultrasound in medical diagnosis and therapy ...... 2181 Gregory M. Lanza, Kirk D. Wallace, Rebecca L. Trousil, James G. Miller, James H. Rose, Patrick J. Gaffney, Dana R. Abendschein, Christopher S. Hall, Michael J. Scott, Christine A. Lorenz, Ralph Fuhrhop, and Samuel A. Wickline 4pBV4 Disruption of contrast agents for monitoring blood flow ...... 2183 Richard T. Rhee, J. Brian Fowlkes, David W. Sirkin, Jonathan M. Rubin, and Paul L. Carson 4pBV5 Effects of transmitted phase on echoes from ultrasound contrast agents ...... 2185 K. E. Morgan, P. A. Dayton, A. L. Klibanov, G. H. Brandenburger, and K. W. Ferrara 4pBV6 Characterization of ultrasound-contrast-agents by short-burst excitation ...... 2187 Oliver D. Kripfgans, J. Brian Fowlkes, and Paul L. Carson 4pBV7 Acoustic detection of microbubble destruction in gaseous contrast agents ...... 2189 William T. Shi, Flemming Forsberg, and E. Carr Everbach 4pBV8 Acoustic and system parameters affecting destruction of ultrasound contrast agents ...... 2191 Peter P. Chang, Inder Raj S. Makin, and Lawrence A. Crum 4pBV9 Observations of insonified contrast agents in-vitro and in-vivo ...... 2193 P. Dayton, K. Morgan, M. Allietta, A. Klibanov, G. Brandenburger, and K. Ferrara 4pBV10 Ultrasound contrast agent enhances vascular damage in mouse intestine ...... 2195 Richard A. Gies and Douglas L. Miller

4pEA APPLICATIONS OF ACOUSTIC TECHNOLOGY

4pEA1 Determination of the noise attenuation of hearing protectors by numerical modeling of the outer ear ...... 2197 Samir N. Y. Gerges, Elizabete Y. N. Bavastri, and Ma´rio Triche¸s, Jr. 4pEA2 Improved TV/radio listening for hearing impaired ...... 2199 J. G. H. van Zutphen, W. F. Druyvesteyn, and C. H. Slump 4pEA3 Piezoelectric transducer for hearing aid using PZT thin film ...... 2201 Hidehiko Yasui, Minoru Kurosawa, Takeshi Morita, Takefumi Kanda, and Toshiro Higuchi 4pEA4 Low frequency circuit noise in hearing aids ...... 2203 Vishakha Waman Rawool 4pEA5 High degree of freedom muffler optimisation using genetic algorithms: Experimental verification ...... 2205 S. Pottie and D. Botteldooren 4pEA6 Theoretical analysis of reactive silencers with two propagating modes ...... 2207 Jean Kergomard and Marc Pachebat

B54 4pEA7 Observations of characteristic transmission and reﬂection coefﬁcients of a splitter duct attenuator ...... 2209 Michihito Terao and Hidehisa Sekine 4pEA8 Applications of the sonic soot cleaning techniques in boilers ...... 2211 Tian Jing

4pMU TIMBRE OF MUSICAL SOUND II

4pMU1 Validation of a multidimensional distance model for perceptual dissimilarities among musical timbres ...... 2213 Nicolas Misdariis, Bennett K. Smith, Daniel Pressnitzer, Patrick Susini, and Stephen McAdams 4pMU2 Timbre effects caused by drumstick tip shapes/sizes ...... 2215 James H. Irwin, Jr. 4pMU3 On the intentional use of instrument characteristics in contemporary classical compositions ...... 2217 Alexandra Hettergott 4pMU4 Musical instrument perception in cochlear implant listeners ...... 2219 John J. Galvin, III and Fan-Gang Zeng 4pMU5 Signal processing analyses of the effects of guitar geometry on musical timbre ...... 2221 Suzanne Keilson, Dominic DiDomenico, and Kevin Morris 4pMU6 The subjective assessment of resonating sound-art samples and its relation to psychoacoustic measures ...... 2223 Densil A. Cabrera 4pMU7 The dependence of timbre perception on the acoustics of the listening environment .... 2225 Daeup Jeong and Fergus R. Fricke 4pMU8 Perceptual analysis of vibrating bars synthesized with a physical model ...... 2227 Vincent Roussarie, Stephen McAdams, and Antoine Chaigne

VOLUME IV

4pNSa SURFACE TRANSPORTATION NOISE: TRAINS AND AUTOMOBILES

4pNSa1 Diagnosis of noise sources on high-speed trains using the microphone-array technique ...... 2229 B. Barsikow and M. Klemenz 4pNSa2 Noise prediction and control for a Norwegian high speed railway ...... 2231 Matias Ringheim 4pNSa3 Ground-borne vibration measurements of high-speed trains ...... 2233 David A. Towers and Hugh J. Saurenman 4pNSa4 New noise impact criteria for high speed ground transportation systems in the United States ...... 2235 Carl E. Hanson 4pNSa5 Wayside noise measurements of high-speed trains...... 2237 David A. Towers 4pNSa6 Identification of moving acoustic sources from pass-by noise ...... 2239 Byoung-Duk Lim and Deok-ki Kim 4pNSa7 The acoustic impact of local railways lines ...... 2241 Cristina Pronello 4pNSa8 Limits to the noise limits? ...... 2243 Tor Kihlman and Wolfgang Kropp 4pNSa9 Effects of traffic noise within the Madrid region ...... 2245 M. Recuero, C. Gil, and J. Grundman 4pNSa10 Measuring traffic noise in Valencia ...... 2247 Antonio Reig, Jose´ L. Manglano, Esteban Gaja, and Salvador Sancho

B55 4pNSa11 Characterization of vehicle noise in Hong Kong ...... 2249 W. T. Ng, M. M. F. Yuen, and W. M. To 4pNSa12 Multivariate analysis of road traffic noise Gandia „Spain… during 24 hours and its evolution in the last decades ...... 2251 Jose´ Romero, Alicia Jimenez, Antonio Sanchı´s, Albert Marıń, and Grover Zuita 4pNSa13 Criteria and control for environmental noise emitted from motor vehicles...... 2253 Ren Wentang 4pNSa14 A mathematical model for the evaluation and prediction of the mean energy level of traffic noise in Caracas...... 2255 Nila Montbrun, Victor Rastelli, Alexis Buoza, Jenny Montbrun Di Filippo, and Yamilet Sanchez

4pNSb ACTIVE NOISE AND VIBRATION CONTROL

4pNSb1 Active local noise control in open space ...... 2257 Jingnan Guo and Jie Pan 4pNSb2 Adaptive control of sound transmission with neural network algorithms ...... 2259 Tian Jing, Lin Hai, and Cheng Mingkun 4pNSb3 Real-time wave separation in a cylindrical pipe with applications to reﬂectometry, echo-cancellation, and a hybrid musical instrument ...... 2261 Jean Gue´rard and Xavier Boutillon 4pNSb4 Active noise control of a single engine light aircraft cabin...... 2263 Colin Kestell, Ben Cazzolato, and Colin Hansen 4pNSb5 A hybrid active/passive system for control of diesel locomotive exhaust noise ...... 2265 Paul J. Remington, Scott Knight, and Douglas Hanna 4pNSb6 Anticipated effectiveness of active noise control in propeller aircraft interiors as determined by sound quality tests ...... 2267 Clemans A. Powell and Brenda M. Sullivan 4pNSb7 Robust feedback active noise control algorithm for impulsive additive noise ...... 2269 Sang-Wook Lee and Koeng-Mo Sung 4pNSb8 Active control of structural sound using active constrained layer damping treatment ...... 2271 Jun Yang, Jing Tian, and Xiaodong Li 4pNSb9 Active noise barrier efﬁciency improvement using multirate signal processing ...... 2273 Jelena Certic, Slobodan Kovacevic, and Petar Pravica

4pPAa CAVITATION DYNAMICS: IN MEMORIAM HUGH FLYNN II

4pPAa1 Acoustically induced cavitation fusion ...... 2275 Lawrence A. Crum 4pPAa2 The search for cavitation in vivo...... 2277 Edwin L. Carstensen, Sheryl Gracewski, and Diane Dalecki 4pPAa3 Nonlinear dynamics of bubbles with surfactants ...... 2279 Robert E. Apfel, Xiaohui Chen, and Jeffrey Ketterling 4pPAa4 Response curves of bubbles ...... 2281 Werner H. Lauterborn and Robert Mettin 4pPAa5 Bubble dynamics in non-Newtonian ﬂuids ...... 2283 John Allen and Ronald A. Roy 4pPAa6 Giant response in dynamics of small bubbles ...... 2285 Iskander Sh. Akhatov, Claus-Dieter Ohl, Robert Mettin, Ulrich Parlitz, and Werner Lauterborn 4pPAa7 Cavitation bubble dynamics induced by ultrasound waves ...... 2287 J.-L. Laborde, A. Hita, J-P. Caltagirone, and A. Ge´rard 4pPAa8 Cavitation and capillary wave from parametric decay scheme ...... 2289 Masanori Sato and Toshitaka Fujii

B56 4pPAa9 An optical transducer for the study of the pressure ﬁeld around a collapsing cavitation bubble ...... 2291 Robin D. Alcock and David C. Emmony

4pPAb GENERAL TOPICS IN PHYSICAL ACOUSTICS

4pPAb1 Enhancement of acoustic cavitation effects by simultaneous multifrequency excitation ...... 2293 Qiping Fang, Beixing He, and Zhongmao Lin 4pPAb2 Nonlinear wave propagation in cylindrical air-filled tubes ...... 2295 Ludovic Menguy and Joe¨l Gilbert 4pPAb3 Numerical simulation with experimental validation for nonlinear standing wave phenomena ...... 2297 Zhichi Zhu, Anqi Zhou, Dongtao Huang, Xiaodong Bian, and Ke Liu 4pPAb4 Acoustic waves propagation from underground wave guide ...... 2299 S. A. Kostarev and S. A. Makhortykh 4pPAb5 Diffraction of a sound wave on open end of a waveguide with impedance walls and impedance flanges ...... 2301 Evgeni L. Shenderov 4pPAb6 Dependence on wave guide width of elastic convolver efficiency ...... 2303 Yasuhiko Nakagawa and Suguru Kitabayashi 4pPAb7 A new time-domain approach for nonlinear wave propagation: Comparison with the KZK equation approach in the case of unfocused CW beams...... 2305 Jahangir Tavakkoli, Oleg A. Sapozhnikov, Remi Souchon, and Dominique Cathignol 4pPAb8 Description of nonlinear waves in gas-filled tubes by the Burgers and the KZK equations with a fractional derivate ...... 2307 Michal Bednarˇ´ık 4pPAb9 Vibratory gyro-sensor using a trident tuning fork resonator with lateral width set in parallel with rotationary axis ...... 2309 Yoshiro Tomikawa, Toshiharu Ogasawara, and Norikazu Ishida 4pPAb10 Effects of diffraction on the sensitivity of needle-type ultrasonic receivers ...... 2311 Gerald R. Harris and Paul M. Gammell 4pPAb11 Study of volcano-profiled ultrasounic field ...... 2313 Gonghuan Du, Enyu Wang, and Yu Zhang 4pPAb12 Second harmonic component in the focused sound field diffracted by a straight edge ...... 2315 Shigemi Saito and Jung-Soon Kim 4pPAb13 Acoustic streaming and temperature elevation in a high viscous fluid by irradiation of ultrasound beams ...... 2317 Tomoo Kamakura, Hai-Ying Huang, and Kazuhisa Matsuda 4pPAb14 Inversion of velocity statistical parameters from traveltimes ...... 2319 Bertrand Iooss and Yann Samuelides 4pPAb15 Scattering of acoustic waves by porous media having a rigid frame ...... 2321 Z. E. A. Fellah, C. Depollier, A. Aknine, and A. Brezini 4pPAb16 A*-wave spatial resonances on thin cylindrical shells: Experimental study...... 2323 Loı¨c Martinez, Jean Duclos, and Alain Tinel 4pPAb17 Diffraction and conversion of the A-wave on a T-structure ...... 2325 Bruno Morvan, Alain Tinel, and Jean Duclos 4pPAb18 Formulation of boundary value problem by a new principle of diffraction...... 2327 Mitsuhiro Ueda 4pPAb19 Modelization of Kirchhoff scattering by a sound ray algorithm ...... 2329 Jean-Jacques Embrechts 4pPAb20 Analytical method for radiation and scattering problems in noncanonical domains ..... 2331 Victor T. Grinchenko

B57 4pPP AUDITORY ATTENTION II

4pPP1 The auditory attentional blink in a congenitally blind population ...... 2333 Kim M. Goddard, Matthew I. Isaak, and Elizbieta B. Slawinski 4pPP2 The use of visible speech cues „speechreading… for directing auditory attention: Reducing temporal and spectral uncertainty in auditory detection of spoken sentences .. 2335 Ken W. Grant and Philip F. Seitz 4pPP3 Order effects in the measurement of auditory thresholds during bimodal divided attention ...... 2337 Vishakha W. Rawool 4pPP4 The role of memory in the dual-task: Evidence from a frequency/amplitude judgment...... 2339 Erick Gallun, Ervin R. Hafter, and Anne-Marie Bonnel 4pPP5 Monitoring the simultaneous presentation of multiple spatialized speech signals in the free field ...... 2341 W. Todd Nelson, Robert S. Bolia, Mark A. Ericson, and Richard L. McKinley 4pPP6 Sequential interactions in discrimination of target frequency increments trailed by irrelevant frequency increments: Effects of target duration and target-irrelevant frequency separation...... 2343 Blas Espinoza-Varas and Hyunsook Jang 4pPP7 Interactions of pairs of target and context tones based on relative frequency relation and degree of frequency uncertainty ...... 2345 Donna L. Neff and Rebecca Wrage 4pPP8 Effects of tonal masker uncertainty on detection ...... 2347 Elzbieta B. Slawinski and Bertram Scharf 4pPP9 Identification of brief auditory patterns ...... 2349 Gerald Kidd, Jr., Christine R. Mason, and Chung-Yiu Peter Chiu 4pPP10 Selective attending to auditory streams in complex sequences: Frequency and/or temporal expectations? ...... 2351 Carolyn Drake, Renaud Brochard, and Matthieu Adenier 4pPP11 Application of peripheral model to attentional filter of missing-fundamental tone...... 2353 Hiromitsu Miyazono, Tsuyoshi Usagawa, and Masanao Ebata 4pPP12 Short-term auditory memory interference: The effect of speech pitch salience...... 2355 Kazuo Ueda and Naoko Seo 4pPP13 Changing frequency after-effect of linear frequency glide ...... 2357 Takuro Kayahara 4pPP14 Dynamic intensity change influences perceived pitch: Attentional differences between musicians and non-musicians ...... 2359 John G. Neuhoff 4pPP15 Temporal properties of loudness recalibration ...... 2361 Dan Mapes-Riordan and William W. Yost

4pSA VIBRATIONS OF COMPLEX STRUCTURES I

4pSA1 Uncertainty in modeling the dynamics of structures in mid-frequency range ...... 2363 Kai-Ulrich Machens and Eike Brechlin 4pSA2 Reduction of ribbed plates to equivalent uniform structures for mid- to high- frequency structural acoustic analysis ...... 2365 Donald B. Bliss and Linda P. Franzoni 4pSA3 An error measure for the shock testing of scale models ...... 2367 Pierre Dupont and J. Gregory McDaniel 4pSA4 A new approach using ﬁnite element models for the prediction of minimum and maximum structural dynamic response ...... 2369 Jean-Se´bastien Genot and Franc¸ois Charron 4pSA5 FEM aided structural intensity measurement method for thick body ...... 2371 Yoshikazu Koike, Chie Aramaki, Kentaro Nakamura, and Sadayuki Ueha

B58 4pSA6 Resilient mounting of engines ...... 2373 A. Nilsson, L. Kari, L. Feng, and U. Carlsson 4pSA7 Assessment of construction vibration impacts on historic structures ...... 2375 Chetlur G. Balachandran 4pSA8 Hybrid control for vibration and acoustics ...... 2377 Robert L. Clark and Dennis Bernstein 4pSA9 Active control of total structural intensity in a T-beam: General case...... 2379 Sabih I. Hayek and Jungyun Won 4pSA10 Vibration isolation of two elastic structures using active compliance at the isolation mounts...... 2381 Kenneth E. Jones and Y. F. Hwang

4pSC A HALF-CENTURY OF SPEECH RESEARCH

4pSC1 Half a century with speech science...... 2383 Gunnar Fant 4pSC2 Toward models for human production and perception of speech ...... 2385 Kenneth N. Stevens 4pSC3 Junctures in speech communication ...... 2387 James L. Flanagan 4pSC4 Three questions for a theory of speech ...... 2389 Alvin M. Liberman 4pSC5 Speech research at the I.P. Pavlov Institute in Leningrad/St. Petersburg ...... 2391 L. A. Chistovich, J. M. Pickett, and R. J. Porter, Jr. 4pSC6 Speech research from acoustic transmission to gestural analysis ...... 2393 Katherine S. Harris 4pSC7 Chasing ideas in phonetics...... 2395 Peter Ladefoged 4pSC8 Language and speech research: The more it changes the more it stays the same ...... 2397 Victoria A. Fromkin 4pSC9 Communication between minds—The ultimate goal of speech communication and the target of research for the next half-century ...... 2399 Hiroya Fujisaki

4pSP ACOUSTICS IN MULTIMEDIA—SYSTEMS ISSUES II

4pSP1 The acoustics and psychoacoustics of workstation audio systems ...... 2401 Floyd E. Toole 4pSP2 Using a personal computer platform to develop an information-rich learning environment for instruction in acoustics ...... 2403 Robert D. Celmer 4pSP3 The impact of system latency on dynamic performance in virtual acoustic environments ...... 2405 Elizabeth M. Wenzel 4pSP4 Immersive audio for desktop systems ...... 2407 C. Kyriakakis and T. Holman 4pSP5 Distributed-mode loudspeakers and their impact on intelligibility in multimedia and sound distribution ...... 2409 Peter Mapp and Henry Azima 4pSP6 A measurement of colouration in electroacoustic enhancement systems ...... 2411 M. Poletti 4pSP7 Criteria for accurate acoustic emulation ...... 2413 Adam McKeag, Anthony Place, and David McGrath 4pSP8 Multi-channel audio signal compression and quality assessment for AV communication...... 2415 Jin-Woo Hong, Dae-Young Jang, and Seong-Han Kim

B59 4pSP9 Reproduction of CD by PULSA „Providing ULtraSonic Atmosphere… ...... 2417 Jouji Suzuki, Shin’ichiro Kaneko, and Kiyomitsu Ohno 4pSP10 A multi-processor system for the production of virtual sound ﬁelds ...... 2419 Felipe Ordun˜a-Bustamante, Ricardo R. Boullosa, and Antonio P. Lo´pez

4pUW 3-D PROPAGATION EFFECTS II: WHERE ARE WE TODAY IN MODELS AND MEASUREMENTS?

4pUW1 3-D effect on underwater acoustic propagation in the offshore area off Taiwan’s coast ...... 2421 Chifang Chen, Jang-Jia Lin, Chi-Hua Liu, DuoHaw Liang, Chung-Wu Wang, and Ding Lee 4pUW2 High-resolution, three-dimensional measurements of low-frequency sound propagation in shallow water ...... 2423 George V. Frisk, Kyle M. Becker, Laurence N. Connor, James A. Doutt, and Cynthia J. Sellers 4pUW3 A global hydroacoustic monitoring system for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test- Ban Treaty—Plans and progress ...... 2425 Martin W. Lawrence and Marta Galindo Arranz 4pUW4 Validation of source region energy partition calculations with small scale explosive experiments ...... 2427 Douglas B. Clarke, Philip E. Harben, Steven L. Hunter, and Donald W. Rock 4pUW5 Three-dimensional propagation modeling in shallow water ...... 2429 Gregory J. Orris and John S. Perkins 4pUW6 4-D modeling of sound propagation in shallow water with anisotropic sediment layers...... 2431 Xin Tang, Mohsen Badiey, and William L. Siegmann 4pUW7 Wavenumber extraction techniques for a three-dimensionally varying shallow water waveguide: A comparison ...... 2433 Kyle M. Becker and George V. Frisk 4pUW8 Range-dependent matched-ﬁeld source localization and tracking in shallow water on a continental slope ...... 2435 Martin L. Taillefer and N. Ross Chapman 4pUW9 Experimental investigation of matched-ﬁeld processing in a wedgelike shallow-water environment ...... 2437 Paul A. Baxley

4pPL PLENARY LECTURE

4pPL1 Trends in modeling of structural-acoustics systems with structural complexity in low- and medium-frequency ranges ...... 2439 Christian Soize

5aPLa PLENARY LECTURE

5aPLa1 Acoustics of two-phase ﬂuids and sonoluminescence ...... 2443 Robert I. Nigmatulin

5aAA CASE STUDIES OF PERFORMANCE SPACES

5aAA1 The Hong Kong Cultural Center Halls—Acoustical design and measurements ...... 2447 A. Harold Marshall, Johan L. Nielsen, and M. Miklin Halstead 5aAA2 Modern measurements optimised diffusion and electronic enhancement in a large fan-shaped room ...... 2449 John O’Keefe, Trevor Cox, Neil Muncy, and Steve Barbar

B60 5aAA3 Recent acoustical measurements in the Christchurch Town Hall Auditorium ...... 2451 A. Harold Marshall, Johan L. Nielsen, and M. Miklin Halstead 5aAA4 Calculation and measurement of acoustic factors for the Kirishima International Concert Hall...... 2453 Tatsumi Nakajima and Yoichi Ando 5aAA5 The interrelationship of musical excellence and acoustical excellence: A case study of the Gewandhaus, Leipzig, 1880–1900 ...... 2455 Pamela Clements 5aAA6 Acoustical design of Sapporo Concert Hall...... 2457 Yasuhisa Toyota, Ayumi Ozawa, and Katsuji Naniwa 5aAA7 Acoustical renovation of The Opheum Theatre, Vancouver, Canada ...... 2459 John O’Keefe, Gilbert Soloudre, and John Bradley 5aAA8 The best remaining seat: A case study...... 2461 B. G. L. Vaupel and N. V. Jordan 5aAA9 Acoustic design and performance of the Bruce Mason Theatre ...... 2463 Joanne Valentine and Christopher Day 5aAA10 3D impulse response measurements on S. Maria del Fiore Church, Florence, Italy ..... 2465 Angelo Farina and Lamberto Tronchin 5aAA11 Simultaneous measurements of room-acoustic parameters using different measuring equipment ...... 2467 Tor Halmrast, Anders Gade, and Bjørn Winsvold 5aAA12 Acoustic design and measurement of a circular hall improving the subjective preference at each seat ...... 2469 Akio Takatsu, Shigeo Hase, Hiroyuki Sakai, Shin-ichi Sato, and Yoichi Ando

5aAO ACOUSTICS OF FISHERIES AND PLANKTON IV

5aAO1 Vessel avoidance of Norwegian spring spawning herring ...... 2471 Rune Vabø, Kjell Olsen, and Ingvar Huse 5aAO2 FishMASS: ADCP technology adapted to split-beam fisheries echo sounding...... 2473 R. Lee Gordon, Len Zedel, and Tor Knutsen 5aAO3 The digital transducer, new sonar technology ...... 2475 William C. Acker and Janusz Burczynski 5aAO4 An acoustic tag ‘‘radar-type’’ tracking system for fish behavior studies ...... 2477 John Hedgepeth, David Fuhriman, David Geist, and Robert Johnson 5aAO5 Field trials using an acoustic buoy to measure fish response to vessel and trawl noise ...... 2479 Christopher D. Wilson 5aAO6 Noise characteristic of Japanese fisheries research vessels ...... 2481 Yoshimi Takao, Kouichi Sawada, Yoichi Miyanohana, Tsuyoshi Okumura, Masahiko Furusawa, and DooJin Hwang

5aBVa LITHOTRIPSY I

5aBVa1 ESWL—The evolution of a revolution: History, status quo and perspectives ...... 2483 Ch. Chaussy and S. Thu¨roff 5aBVa2 Extracorporeal shock waves act by shock wave—gas bubble interaction ...... 2485 Michael Delius and Wolfgang Eisenmenger 5aBVa3 Separation of cavitation and renal injury induced by shock wave lithotripsy „SWL… from SWL-induced impairment of renal hemodynamics ...... 2487 Andrew P. Evan, Lynn R. Willis, Bret A. Connors, James A. McAteer, James E. Lingeman, Robin O. Cleveland, Michael R. Bailey, and Lawrence A. Crum 5aBVa4 The potential of lithotripter shockwaves for gene therapy of tumors ...... 2489 Douglas L. Miller, Richard A. Gies, Brian D. Thrall, and Shiping Bao 5aBVa5 Effects of lithotripter ﬁelds on biological tissues ...... 2491 Diane Dalecki

B61 5aBVa6 Biomechanical effects of ESWL shock waves ...... 2493 Bradford Sturtevant and Murtuza Lokhandwalla 5aBVa7 Effects of tissue constraint on shock wave-induced bubble oscillations in vivo ...... 2495 Pei Zhong, Iulian Cioanta, Franklin H. Cocks, and Glenn M. Preminger 5aBVa8 SWL cavitation damage in vitro: Pressurization unmasks a differential response of foil targets and isolated cells...... 2497 James. A McAteer, Mark A. Stonehill, Karin Colmenares, James C. Williams, Andrew P. Evan, Robin O. Cleveland, Michael R. Bailey, and Lawrence A. Crum 5aBVa9 Effect of overpressure on dissolution and cavitation of bubbles stabilized on a metal surface ...... 2499 Robin O. Cleveland, Michael R. Bailey, Lawrence A. Crum, Mark A. Stonehill, James C. Williams, Jr., and James A. McAteer

5aBVb MEDICAL ULTRASOUND II—PROPAGATION, MEDIA CHARACTERIZATION AND MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS

5aBVb1 Are blood clots a Biot medium? ...... 2501 Pierre D. Mourad and Steve G. Kargl 5aBVb2 A stratiﬁed model for ultrasonic propagation in cancellous bone ...... 2503 Elinor R. Hubbuck, Timothy G. Leighton, Paul R. White, and Graham W. Petley 5aBVb3 Effects of the structural anisotropy and the porosity on ultrasonic wave propagation in bovine cancellous bone ...... 2505 Takahiko Otani and Atsushi Hosokawa 5aBVb4 Wide-band laser-acoustic spectroscopy of proteins ...... 2507 Alexander A. Karabutov and Natalia B. Podymova 5aBVb5 Wide-band acoustic spectroscopy of liquid phantoms of biological tissues ...... 2509 Valery G. Andreev, Alexander A. Karabutov, Yury A. Pischalnikov, and Natalia B. Podymova 5aBVb6 The necessity for acoustics in the biomedical engineering program ...... 2511 Daniel R. Raichel and Latif M. Jiji

5aEA SONAR TRANSDUCERS

5aEA1 Finite element simulation of piezoelectric transformers ...... 2513 Takao Tsuchiya, Yukio Kagawa, and Hiroki Okamura 5aEA2 A tubular piezoelectric actuator and its characteristic analysis by finite element modelling ...... 2515 Naoto Wakatsuki, Takao Tsuchiya, Yukio Kagawa, and Kazumichi Hatta 5aEA3 Substructuring in the finite element analysis of sonar transducer arrays ...... 2517 J. R. Dunn, C. L. Chen, and B. V. Smith 5aEA4 Sonar simulation and display techniques...... 2519 Yuhong Guo, Hong Liu, and Junying Hui 5aEA5 Modified shifted sideband beamformer for swath bathymetry sonar ...... 2521 Haisen Li, Lan Yao, Xinsheng Xu, and Yingzi Wu 5aEA6 Specific acoustic impedance of the ultrasonic field by the square flat transducers ...... 2523 Tohru Imamura 5aEA7 Estimation of equivalent circuit parameters for piezoelectric transducer using least square method ...... 2525 Byung-Doo Jun and Koeng-Mo Sung 5aEA8 Study of the compound structured ultrasonic transducer made of PZT/PVDF ...... 2527 Moo J. Kim, Dong H. Kim, and Kang L. Ha

5aMU MUSICAL ACOUSTICS PASTICHE

5aMU1 Physics of music laboratory at the University of Washington ...... 2529 Vladimir Chaloupka

B62 5aMU2 Dynamic optimal tuning of electronic keyboards as they are being played ...... 2531 James E. Steck and Dean K. Roush 5aMU3 On the use of elements of piano notes to improve the identiﬁcation of polyphonic piano sounds ...... 2533 L. Rossi and G. Girolami 5aMU4 A new accurate model-based music synthesis technique by using scattering recurrent neural networks ...... 2535 Sheng-Fu Liang, Alvin W. Y. Su, and Cheng-Teng Lin 5aMU5 Musical instrument synthesis by nonregenerative nonlinear processing...... 2537 James W. Beauchamp 5aMU6 Time-domain modeling and numerical simulation of timpani ...... 2539 Leı¨la Rhaouti, Patrick Joly, and Antoine Chaigne 5aMU7 Modeling Chinese musical instruments ...... 2541 Andrew Horner and Lydia Ayers

5aNSa AIRCRAFT NOISE: GENERAL

5aNSa1 Low frequency noise around airports ...... 2543 M. Vallet and J. C. Bruye`re 5aNSa2 Subjective response to aircraft flyover noise...... 2545 Sherilyn A. Brown and R. David Hilliard 5aNSa3 Low flying military aircraft noise—Operational flying ...... 2547 Ian H. Flindell and Ralph J. Weston 5aNSa4 Converting noise level into number: A new method to quantify k-coefficients reveals distance-dependent over- and under-energetic responses around the same airport...... 2549 Karl Th. Kalveram 5aNSa5 Relational anomalies in ‘‘A’’ weighted and linear scale sound level measurements associated with jet aircraft departures...... 2551 Errol Nelson and Allan Furney

5aNSb SOURCE NOISE ANALYSIS AND CONTROL

5aNSb1 Frequency dependent velocity scaling and small axial ﬂow fans ...... 2553 D. A. Quinlan 5aNSb2 Noise diagnostic and reduction of a scooter engine motorcycle ...... 2555 Cho-hsin Lu and Jen-chieh Cheng 5aNSb3 Sound generation by turbulent non-premixed ﬂames ...... 2557 Sikke A. Klein and Jim B. W. Kok 5aNSb4 Investigation of centrifugal blower noises ...... 2559 Christopher L. Banks and Sean F. Wu

5aNSc SOUNDSCAPES —‘‘ACOUSTICAL LANDSCAPES’’ IN NATURAL AND BUILT ENVIRONMENTS

5aNSc1 Supportive sound environments in building research ...... 2561 Brigitta Berglund, Edward Hojan, and Anna Furmann 5aNSc2 Features of Japanese soundscapes recognized by foreigners: A questionnaire survey on sounds for the foreigners living in Fukuoka ...... 2563 Shin-ichiro Iwamiya 5aNSc3 Sound design for an exhibition ...... 2565 Peter Coulter 5aNSc4 Survey on the actual condition of the sound environment in commercial spaces ...... 2567 Michiko So and Sho Kimura

B63 5aPAa SONOCHEMISTRY AND SONOLUMINESCENCE: SL I

5aPAa1 Stability in single bubble sonoluminescence ...... 2569 D. Felipe Gaitan and R. Glynn Holt 5aPAa2 Pulse width and shape in single bubble sonoluminescence ...... 2571 B. Gompf, R. Pecha, G. Nick, and W. Eisenmenger 5aPAa3 Predictions for upscaling sonoluminescence ...... 2573 Sascha Hilgenfeldt and Detlef Lohse 5aPAa4 Single-bubble sonoluminescence and liquid fracture ...... 2575 A. Prosperetti 5aPAa5 Conditions during multi-bubble sonoluminescence ...... 2577 Kenneth S. Suslick, Yuri T. Didenko, and William B. McNamara, III 5aPAa6 Sonoluminescence and its neighbor cavitation bubble luminescence...... 2579 Werner H. Lauterborn, Thomas Kurz, and Reinhard Geisler 5aPAa7 Inﬂuence of surfactants on the intensity of single bubble sonoluminescence ...... 2581 Sascha Hilgenfeldt, Detlef Lohse, and Ru¨diger To¨gel 5aPAa8 Radial response of single-bubble sonoluminescence to novel excitations ...... 2583 K. Hargreaves, T. J. Matula, L. A. Crum, and W. C. Moss 5aPAa9 Measurements of the dynamical response of single-bubble sonoluminescence near the luminescence and extinction thresholds...... 2585 T. J. Matula and L. A. Crum

5aPAb ACOUSTO-OPTICS AND OPTO-ACOUSTICS

5aPAb1 Planar backward projection of transient ﬁelds obtained from optical methods ...... 2587 G. T. Clement, R. Liu, P. R. Stepanishen, and S. V. Letcher 5aPAb2 Measurement of ultrasonic vector displacement with Fabry-Perot interferometer...... 2589 M. L. Qian, Y. D. Pan, M. Deshamps, and B. Audoin 5aPAb3 Two-frequency degeneracy of acousto-optic interaction in paratellurite ...... 2591 Alexander V. Yurchenko and Vladimir M. Moskalev 5aPAb4 Visualization of a phase structure of sound ﬁeld in a Bragg cell...... 2593 Vadim A. Goncharov, Leonid N. Ilchenko, Vladimir M. Moskalev, Eugene N. Smirnov, and Alexander V. Yurchenko 5aPAb5 Radiation acoustics—Photoacoustics and acousto-optics of penetrating radiation ...... 2595 Leonid M. Lyamshev 5aPAb6 Photoacoustic signal in the system of a thin oil layer on the water surface...... 2597 Antoni S´liwin´ski, Stanisław Pogorzelski, and Janusz Szurkowski

5aPP A MICROBREW OF SPEECH PERCEPTION AND HEARING IMPAIRMENT

5aPP1 Perceptual consequences of amplitude perturbations in the wavelet coding of speech.... 2599 Nicolle H. van Schijndel, Tammo Houtgast, and Joost M. Festen 5aPP2 The effect of spectral resolution on speech perception in a multi-talker babble background ...... 2601 Bom Jun Kwon and Christopher W. Turner 5aPP3 Application of auditory models to discrimination thresholds of voicing parameters ..... 2603 Shari L. Campbell, Kathryn H. Arehart, Ronald C. Scherer, and Amy N. Butler 5aPP4 Audio signals in domestic appliances evaluated in terms of the hearing ability of older adults ...... 2605 Kenji Kurakata, Yasuyoshi Kuba, Yasuo Kuchinomachi, and Kazuma Matsushita 5aPP5 The effects of age and hearing impairment on the time course of backward masking...... 2607 Sara Elizabeth Gehr and Mitchell S. Sommers 5aPP6 Speech intelligibility and localization in a complex environment by listeners with hearing impairments...... 2609 Monica L. Hawley, Ruth Y. Litovsky, and H. Steven Colburn

B64 5aPP7 A comparison of monotic and dichotic musical-interval identification in listeners with high-frequency cochlear-based hearing loss ...... 2611 Kathryn Hoberg Arehart and Edward M. Burns 5aPP8 Minimum bandwidth required for speech reception by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners ...... 2613 Ingrid M. Noordhoek, Tammo Houtgast, and Joost M. Festen 5aPP9 Loudness of dynamic stimuli in cochlear-impaired listeners ...... 2615 Chaoying Zhang and Fan-Gang Zeng 5aPP10 Further effects of cochlear loss on ICP „Ipsilateral Comparison Paradigm… loudness adaptation, and loudness constancy ...... 2617 Rebecca A. Ludwig, Hongwei Dou, Ernest M. Weiler, Laura W. Kretschmer, David E. Sandman, and Eleanor Stromberg 5aPP11 Evoked otoacoustic emissions, suppression and comparison to loudness constancy at speech frequencies ...... 2619 Ernest M. Weiler, Hongwei Dou, Robert S. Tannen, David E. Sandman, William N. Dember, and Joel S. Warm 5aPP12 Virtual midplane localization in subjects with sensorineural hearing loss ...... 2621 Helen J. Simon, Inna Aleksandrovksy, and Al Lotze 5aPP13 Use of temporal information in recognition of amplitude-compressed speech by older adults ...... 2623 Pamela E. Souza and Johanna J. Larsen 5aPP14 Apparent effects of the use of digital hearing aid ‘‘CLAIDHA’’ on several hearing functions of impaired listeners ...... 2625 Hiroshi Hidaka, Naoko Sasaki, Tetsuaki Kawase, Tomonori Takasaka, Kenji Ozawa, Yoîti Suzuki, and Toshio Sone 5aPP15 FM systems with children who are deaf-blind ...... 2627 Barbara Franklin 5aPP16 A metric for determining the degree of compression of a processed signal ...... 2629 Jon C. Schmidt and Janet Rutledge 5aPP17 Modeling tactile speech perception with auditory simulation...... 2631 Albert T. Lash, Janet M. Weisenberger, and Ying Xu 5aPP18 A design of a tactile voice coder with different tactile sensations for the hearing impaired ...... 2633 Chikamune Wada, Shuichi Ino, Hisakazu Shoji, and Tohru Ifukube 5aPP19 Sensitivity of transiently-evoked otoacoustic emission to a long-term exposure of impulsive blast noise ...... 2635 Amnon Duvdevany, Miriam Furst, and Giora Rosenhouse 5aPP20 The effects of dexamethasone following an acute acoustic trauma ...... 2637 William A. Ahroon, Ann R. Johnson, B. Sheldon Hagar, and Roger P. Hamernik 5aPP21 Protective effects of magnesium on noise-induced hearing loss: Animal studies ...... 2639 Fred Scheibe and Heidemarie Haupt 5aPP22 Effects of impulse noise on the hearing of fetal sheep in utero ...... 2641 Kenneth J. Gerhardt, Xinyan Huang, Scott K. Griffiths, and Robert M. Abrams

5aSA VIBRATIONS OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

5aSA1 Moment and force mobilities of semi-infinite tapered beams ...... 2643 E. J. M. Nijman and B. A. T. Petersson 5aSA2 Vibrational power transmission in asymmetric framework structures ...... 2645 J. L. Horner 5aSA3 Vibration transmission via a non-ideal beam junction: FEM and analytical combined methods...... 2647 Eric Re´billard and Igor Grouchetski 5aSA4 Measurement of flexural intensity using a dual mode fiber optic sensor ...... 2649 Bernard J. Sklanka, Karl M. Reichard, and Timothy E. McDevitt

B65 5aSA5 The condition for beam-bending modes to dominate in the vibro-acoustic behavior of a circular cylindrical shell...... 2651 C. Wang and J. C. S. Lai 5aSA6 The effect of rib resonances on the vibration and wave scattering of a ribbed cylindrical shell ...... 2653 Martin H. Marcus 5aSA7 A simple model for structure-borne sound transmission based on direct wave and ﬁrst reﬂections ...... 2655 J. Liang and B. A. T. Petersson 5aSA8 Estimating the vibrational energy of an elastic structure via the input impedance ...... 2657 Yuri I. Bobrovnitskii 5aSA9 Improving convergence in scattering problems by smoothing discrete constraints using an approximate convolution with a smoothed composite Green’s function ...... 2659 R. C. Loftman and D. B. Bliss

5aSC PRODUCTION AND OTHER TOPICS

5aSC1 Vocal tract shape estimation using three non-invasive transducers ...... 2661 Russel K. Long, Brad Story, and Ingo Titze 5aSC2 Synthesis of sentence-level speech based on measured vocal tract area functions ...... 2663 Brad H. Story, Ingo R. Titze, and Russel Long 5aSC3 Effects of naturally occurring loads on jaw movements during speech ...... 2665 Douglas M. Shiller, Paul L. Gribble, and David J. Ostry 5aSC4 Contrasting chest and falsetto-like vibration patterns of the vocal folds ...... 2667 David A. Berry and Douglas W. Montequin 5aSC5 The effect of shear thinning in vocal fold tissues—Or, why we can phonate over two octaves in pitch ...... 2669 Ingo R. Titze and Roger W. Chan 5aSC6 Pressure-ﬂow relationship in a biophysical model of phonation ...... 2671 Fariborz Alipour and Ingo R. Titze 5aSC7 Perception of coarticulated German vowels by prelingual infants: Formant transitions specify vowel identity ...... 2673 Ocke-Schwen Bohn and Linda Polka 5aSC8 Some observations of the tense-lax distinction theory with reference to English and Korean ...... 2675 Dae-Won Kim 5aSC9 Speech intelligibility is highly tolerant of cross-channel spectral asynchrony ...... 2677 Steven Greenberg and Takayuki Arai

5aSP SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR MEDICAL ULTRASOUND

5aSP1 Beyond current medical ultrasonic imaging: Opportunities for advanced signal processing ...... 2679 James G. Miller 5aSP2 The evolution of medical ultrasound imaging systems ...... 2681 John M. Reid 5aSP3 3-D ultrasound imaging of the prostate ...... 2683 A. Fenster, S. Tong, and D. B. Downey 5aSP4 The analysis and classiﬁcation of small-scale tissue structures using the generalized spectrum ...... 2685 Kevin D. Donohue, Tomy Varghese, Flemming Forsberg, and Ethan J. Halpern 5aSP5 A Wold decomposition based autonomous system for detecting lesions in ultrasound images of the breast ...... 2687 Georgia Georgiou and Fernand S. Cohen 5aSP6 Tracking and correcting for organ motion artifacts in ultrasound tomography systems ...... 2689 Amar C. Dhanantwari and Stergios Stergiopoulos

B66 5aSP7 Wavefront distortion measurements in the human breast ...... 2691 Roderick C. Gauss, Mary Scott Soo, and Gregg E. Trahey

5aUW BISTATIC SCATTERING FROM SEABED AND SURFACE: MODELS AND MEASUREMENTS I

5aUW1 A practical model for high-frequency seabed bistatic scattering strength ...... 2693 Darrell R. Jackson and Anatoliy N. Ivakin 5aUW2 High frequency bistatic scattering from sediments—Experiments, modeling, future work ...... 2695 Kevin Williams, Darrell Jackson, and Dajun Tang 5aUW3 Models of volume and roughness scattering in stratified seabeds ...... 2697 Anatoliy N. Ivakin 5aUW4 Bottom volume scattering: Modeling and data analysis ...... 2699 George V. Frisk, Dan Li, and Dajun Tang 5aUW5 High-frequency bottom backscattering from a homogeneous seabed ...... 2701 Kevin B. Briggs and Steve Stanic 5aUW6 A porous medium with porosity variations ...... 2703 N. P. Chotiros 5aUW7 A comparison of bistatic scattering from two geologically distinct mid-ocean ridges..... 2705 Nicholas C. Makris and Chin Swee Chia 5aUW8 Multistatic scattering from anisotropically rough interfaces in horizontally stratified waveguides...... 2707 Jaiyong Lee and Henrik Schmidt 5aUW9 Integral equation methods for bistatic volume scattering from the seafloor ...... 2709 Christopher D. Jones and Darrell R. Jackson 5aUW10 High frequency, broadband time/frequency spreading for bistatic geometries ...... 2711 Richard Lee Culver and Christopher J. Link 5aUW11 Sound wave attenuation in shallow water with rough boundaries ...... 2713 Boris G. Katsnelson, Venedict M. Kuz’kin, Sergey A. Pereselkov, and Valery G. Petnikov 5aUW12 Modal theory of sound propagation in a randomly irregular shallow water waveguide ...... 2715 Boris G. Katsnelson and Sergey A. Pereselkov

5aPLb PLENARY LECTURE

5aPLb1 Nonlinearity, complexity, and the sounds of musical instruments ...... 2717 Neville H. Fletcher

5pAAa CLASSROOM ACOUSTICS

5pAAa1 Classroom acoustics I: The acoustical learning environment: Participatory action research in classrooms ...... 2721 Gary W. Siebein, Mary Jo Hasell, Philip Abbott, Martin A. Gold, Hee Won Lee, Mitchell Lehde, Christopher R. Herr, and Carl C. Crandell 5pAAa2 Classroom acoustics II: Acoustical conditions in elementary school classrooms ...... 2723 Martin A. Gold, Hee Won Lee, Gary W. Siebein, Mitchell Lehde, John Ashby, Mary Jo Hasell, Philip Abbott, and Carl C. Crandell 5pAAa3 Classroom acoustics III: Acoustical model studies of elementary school classrooms ..... 2725 Gary W. Siebein, Mitchell Lehde, Hee Won Lee, John Ashby, Martin A. Gold, Mary Jo Hasell, Philip Abbott, and Carl C. Crandell 5pAAa4 Classroom Acoustics IV: Speech perception of normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children in classrooms ...... 2727 Carl C. Crandell, Gary W. Siebein, Martin A. Gold, M. Joyce Hassell, Hee Won Lee, Phillip Abbott, Christopher R. Herr, and Mitchell Lehde

B67 5pAAa5 Assessing speech intelligibility in classrooms at the University of Washington ...... 2729 Dean Heerwagen and Tarik Khiati

5pAAb ROOM ACOUSTICS MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES, ABSORPTION AND DIFFUSION

5pAAb1 Characterising scattering from room surfaces ...... 2731 T. J. Hargreaves, T. J. Cox, Y. W. Lam, and P. D’Antonio 5pAAb2 Numerical study on sound absorption characteristics of brick/block absorbing walls .... 2733 Shinichi Sakamoto, Dong-Jun Joe, Hikari Mukai, and Hideki Tachibana 5pAAb3 Absorption characteristics of a double-leaf membrane with an absorptive layer in its cavity...... 2735 Kimihiro Sakagami, Toru Uyama, Masakazu Kiyama, and Masayuki Morimoto 5pAAb4 Numerical simulations of the modified Schroeder diffuser structure ...... 2737 Antti Ja¨rvinen, Kaarina Melkas, and Lauri Savioja 5pAAb5 Evaluation of spatial information from artificial head and four-microphone array measurements ...... 2739 Jo¨rg Becker and Markus Sapp 5pAAb6 A combined transfer matrix and beam tracing model to predict sound fields in rooms with extended reaction surfaces ...... 2741 Murray Hodgson, Andrew Wareing, and Callum Campbell 5pAAb7 Sound absorbers using microperforated layers ...... 2743 J. Kang, X. Zha, and H. V. Fuchs 5pAAb8 The prediction of reverberation time using neural network analysis ...... 2745 Joseph Nannariello and Fergus Fricke 5pAAb9 Sound fields caused by diffuse-type reflectors with periodic profile ...... 2747 Daiji Takahashi 5pAAb10 Directivity patterns of small explosions ...... 2749 Miguel Arana 5pAAb11 Sound absorption measurements in diffuse field: A study of parameters ...... 2751 Paulo Massarani, Marco Nabuco, and Roberto Tenenbaum 5pAAb12 Dependence of accuracy of the reverberation time measurement on input filters ...... 2753 Dragana S. Sumarac 5pAAb13 Reverberation time directly obtained from squared impulse response envelope...... 2755 Fumiaki Satoh, Yoshito Hidaka, and Hideki Tachibana 5pAAb14 Effects of flow resistance on acoustic performance of permeable elastic-plate absorbers ...... 2757 Manabu Tanaka and Daiji Takahashi 5pAAb15 Qualitative evaluations of the acoustics of rooms: Real room studies and headphone studies ...... 2759 Martin A. Gold 5pAAb16 On the acoustical characteristics of a balloon...... 2761 Anthony Nash 5pAAb17 Sound absorption by a large-size isolated acoustic resonator with a cylindrical cavity...... 2763 Vytautas J. Stauskis 5pAAb18 Influence of distance and sound recording system on intelligibility in highly reverberant conditions ...... 2765 Robert Ruiz and Isabelle Ballet 5pAAb19 Sound field in long enclosures with diffusely reflecting boundaries ...... 2767 Judicae¨l Picaut, Laurent Simon, and Jean-Domique Polack 5pAAb20 Reverberance of an existing hall in relation to subsequent reverberation time and SPL ...... 2769 Shigeo Hase, Akio Takatsu, Shin-ichi Sato, Hiroyuki Sakai, and Yoichi Ando

B68 5pAO ACOUSTICS OF FISHERIES AND PLANKTON V

5pAO1 Bioacoustic resonance absorption spectroscopy ...... 2771 Orest Diachok 5pAO2 The application of wideband signals in fisheries and plankton acoustics ...... 2773 John E. Ehrenberg and Thomas C. Torkelson 5pAO3 Wide band fisheries sounder; from individual echoes analysis to classification of schools at sea ...... 2775 Manell E. Zakharia 5pAO4 Searching for species identifiers in multi-frequency target strength variability ...... 2777 James J. Dawson 5pAO5 A broadband acoustic fish identification system...... 2779 Gerald F. Denny and Patrick K. Simpson 5pAO6 The use of two frequencies to interpret acoustic scattering layers ...... 2781 Denise R. McKelvey 5pAO7 Fish’n krill: A 38/120 kHz acoustic separation...... 2783 Yvan Simard 5pAO8 Multi-frequency acoustic assessment of fisheries and plankton resources ...... 2785 Thomas C. Torkelson, Thomas C. Austin, and Peter H. Wiebe 5pAO9 Pulse compression processing of zooplankton echoes ...... 2787 Joseph D. Warren, Timothy K. Stanton, Dezhang Chu, Duncan E. McGehee, and Robert L. Eastwood 5pAO10 Multi-static, multi-frequency scattering from zooplankton...... 2789 C. F. Greenlaw, D. V. Holliday, and D. E. McGehee 5pAO11 Laboratory studies and theoretical modeling of bistatic scattering of fish ...... 2791 Li Ding and Zhen Ye

5pBV LITHOTRIPSY II

5pBV1 Shock wave measuring techniques in liquids ...... 2793 Wolfgang Eisenmenger 5pBV2 Full wave modeling of lithotripter fields ...... 2795 Eckard Steiger 5pBV3 Acoustic cavitation generated by lithotripsy pulses: A comparison of theory and experiment ...... 2797 Andrew J. Coleman and Mark D. Cahill 5pBV4 Influence of the pressure time waveform on the transient cavitation effect in vitro and ex vivo ...... 2799 D. Cathignol, J. Tavakkoli, A. Birer, and A. Arefiev 5pBV5 Stone tracking with time-reversal techniques ...... 2801 Jean-Louis Thomas, François Wu, and Mathias Fink 5pBV6 On a mechanism of target disintegration at shock wave focusing in ESWL ...... 2803 Valery K. Kedrinskii 5pBV7 First in vitro experiments using a new reflector to concentrate shock waves for ESWL ...... 2805 Achim M. Loske and Fernando E. Prieto 5pBV8 Use of two pulses to control cavitation in lithotripsy...... 2807 Michael R. Bailey, Robin O. Cleveland, David T. Blackstock, and Lawrence A. Crum 5pBV9 Detection and control of lithotripsy-induced cavitation in blood ...... 2809 Brenda Jordan, Michael R. Bailey, Robin O. Cleveland, and Lawrence A. Crum 5pBV10 Experiments on the relation of shock wave parameters to stone disintegration ...... 2811 Thomas Dreyer, Rainer E. Riedlinger, and Eckard Steiger

5pEAa SCATTERING AND RADIATION

5pEAa1 Scattering by a horizontal strip on a hard side wall ...... 2813 Djamel Ouis and Sven G. Lindblad

B69 5pEAa2 Acoustic wave scattering from a coated cylindrical shell ...... 2815 Sung H. Ko and Bruce E. Sandman 5pEAa3 Numerical solution of the Euler equations with high-order, compact centered schemes ...... 2817 John A. Ekaterinaris 5pEAa4 Modeling acoustic radiation from end-initiated explosive line charges...... 2819 William J. Marshall 5pEAa5 Resonant frequencies into degeneration of hybrid longitudinal and torsional vibration system ...... 2821 Tieying Zhou, Liqun Zhang, and Yi Xue 5pEAa6 The estimation of an interior sound ﬁeld by source method ...... 2823 Gee-Pinn James Too and Shing Maw Wang

5pEAb ACOUSTIC WAVEGUIDES

5pEAb1 Insertion loss measurements of an acoustical enclosure by using sound power and MLS methods...... 2825 Pedro Cobo, Carlos Ranz, Jose´ S. Santiago, Jose´ Pons, Manuel Siguero, and Carmen Delgado 5pEAb2 Intensity measurements in various rooms/a new intensity probe...... 2827 W. F. Druyvesteyn and H. E. de Bree 5pEAb3 In situ absorption measurements using a transfer function technique and MLS ...... 2829 G. Dutilleux, T. E. Vigran, and U. R. Kristiansen 5pEAb4 Lumped impedance of a planar discontinuity in an acoustic waveguide ...... 2831 Ralph T. Muehleisen and Anthony A. Atchley 5pEAb5 A short water-ﬁlled pulse tube for the measurement of the acoustic properties of materials at low frequencies ...... 2833 Debra M. Kenney and Peter H. Rogers 5pEAb6 Generation of low-frequency acoustic waves in electrolytes ...... 2835 Bronisław Z˙ ołtogo´rski

5pPAa SONOCHEMISTRY AND SONOLUMINESCENCE: SL II

5aPAa1 Energy focusing in bubbly flows ...... 2837 Seth Putterman, Keith Weninger, Robert A. Hiller, and Bradley P. Barber 5pPAa2 Sonoluminescence stability for gas saturations down to 0.01 Torr ...... 2839 Jeffrey A. Ketterling and Robert E. Apfel 5pPAa3 The effects of high magnetic fields on sonoluminescence ...... 2841 Joseph Young, Hyung Cho, and Woowon Kang 5pPAa4 Computed spectral and temporal emissions from a sonoluminescing bubble ...... 2843 W. C. Moss, J. A. Harte, J. L. Levatin, P. W. Rambo, D. A. Young, G. B. Zimmerman, and I. H. Zimmerman 5pPAa5 Dynamics of gas mixtures in sonoluminescence bubbles ...... 2845 Andrew J. Szeri and Brian D. Storey 5pPAa6 Time resolved measurements of optical emission from sonoluminescence ...... 2847 D. Froula, R. W. Lee, W. C. Moss, and P. E. Young 5pPAa7 Single bubble sonoluminescence: Acoustic emission measurements with a fiber optic probe hydrophone ...... 2849 B. Gompf, Z. Q. Wang, R. Pecha, and W. Eisenmenger 5pPAa8 Luminescence from spherically and aspherically collapsing laser induced bubbles ...... 2851 Claus-Dieter Ohl, Olgert Lindau, and Werner H. Lauterborn 5pPAa9 On the theory of supercompression of a gas bubble in a liquid-filled flask ...... 2853 Robert I. Nigmatulin, Iskander Sh. Akhatov, Nelya K. Vakhitova, and Richard T. Lahey, Jr. 5pPAa10 Observations of single-bubble sonoluminescence in micro-gravity and hyper-gravity .... 2855 Jeremy E. Young, Nathaniel K. Hicks, A. C. Binner, Susan L. Richardson, Mark J. Marr-Lyon, and Philip L. Marston

B70 5pPAa11 Analytic solutions of ﬁeld distributions inside SL bubbles ...... 2857 R. Gu¨nther 5pPAa12 Shock formation in a sonoluminescing gas bubble...... 2859 Takeru Yano 5pPAa13 Thermal wave from a sonoluminescing gas bubble ...... 2861 Ho-Young Kwak, Yoon Pyo Lee, and Sarng Woo Karng 5pPAa14 Effect of quantum vacuum radiation on the bubble dynamics in sonoluminescence ..... 2863 Weizhong Chen and Rongjue Wei 5pPAa15 Sonoluminescence: The effect of magnetic ﬁelds in the Planck theory ...... 2865 Thomas V. Prevenslik

5pPAb NONLINEAR ACOUSTICS II: 1. SOLITONS; 2. BIOMEDICAL NONLINEARITIES

5pPAb1 Chaotic dynamics in acoustics...... 2867 Werner Lauterborn 5pPAb2 Nonlinearities in the bioeffects of ultrasound ...... 2869 Edwin L. Carstensen 5pPAb3 Solitary waves and solitons in acoustics...... 2871 Nobumasa Sugimoto 5pPAb4 Some consideration about processes of soliton formation from initially sinusoidal waveform in thin fiber of fused silica...... 2873 Akira Nakamura 5pPAb5 Fast spectral algorithm for modeling focused sound beams in a highly nonlinear regime ...... 2875 Vera A. Khokhlova, Michalakis A. Averkiou, Steven J. Younghouse, Mark F. Hamilton, and Lawrence A. Crum 5pPAb6 Acoustic nonlinearity calculations using the Tait equation of state...... 2877 Bruce Hartmann, Gilbert F. Lee, and Edward Balizer 5pPAb7 Acoustic streaming near Albunex® spheres...... 2879 Gerard Gormley and Junru Wu 5pPAb8 Acoustical nonlinearity and its images in biomedicine ...... 2881 X. F. Gong, D. Zhang, S. G. Ye, X. Z. Liu, X. Chen, and W. Y. Zhang 5pPAb9 Determination of the acoustic nonlinearity parameter B/A using a phase locked ultrasonic interferometer ...... 2883 J. R. Davies, J. Tapson, B. Mortimer, and B. Skews 5pPAb10 Experimental measurement and numerical modelling of nonlinear propagation in biological fluids ...... 2885 Victor F. Humphrey, Prashant K. Verma, and Francis A. Duck 5pPAb11 Asymptotically-unified exact solution of Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya equation ...... 2887 Yuri N. Makov

5pPP PROCESSING, LOCATION, DISTANCE AND MOTION

5pPP1 Binaural coherence and the localization of sound in rooms ...... 2889 William M. Hartmann, Zachary Constan, and Brad Rakerd 5pPP2 Interaural correlation sensitivity...... 2891 John F. Culling, Matthew Spurchise, and H. Steven Colburn 5pPP3 Modeling the ‘effective’ binaural signal processing in detection experiments ...... 2893 Carsten Zerbs, Torsten Dau, and Birger Kollmeier 5pPP4 The inﬂuence of masker variability on estimates of monaural and binaural critical bandwidths ...... 2895 Armin Kohlrausch, Steven van de Par, and Jeroen Breebaart 5pPP5 Modeling spectral integration in binaural signal detection...... 2897 Jeroen Breebaart, Steven van de Par, and Armin Kohlrausch

B71 5pPP6 The role of the low frequency component of head related transfer function for median plane localization...... 2899 Motoki Yairi, Yasuko Kuroki, Masayuki Morimoto, and Kazuhiro Iida 5pPP7 The AUDIS catalog of human HRTFs ...... 2901 Jens Blauert, Marc Bru¨ggen, Klaus Hartung, Adelbert W. Bronkhorst, Rob Drullmann, Gerard Reynaud, Lionel Pellieux, Winfried Krebber, and Roland Sottek 5pPP8 A modeling of distance perception based on auditory parallax model ...... 2903 Yoˆiti Suzuki, Hae-Young Kim, Shouichi Takane, and Toshio Sone 5pPP9 Evidence of spatially-tuned auditory analysers...... 2905 Russell L. Martin and Ester Klimkeit 5pPP10 Detection of Doppler-like signals ...... 2907 Mark A. Ericson and Lawrence L. Feth

5pSA VIBRATIONS OF COMPLEX STRUCTURES II

5pSA1 Measurement and analysis of the structure borne sound of a fan installation: Evaluation of source signal ﬁltering techniques and rotational degrees of freedom ...... 2909 M. A. Sanderson, L. Ivarsson, and A. G. Troshin 5pSA2 Modelling the vibration behavior of an induction motor ...... 2911 C. Wang and J. C. S. Lai 5pSA3 Model-based shaping of vibroacoustic properties of gears ...... 2913 Stanisław Radkowski 5pSA4 Experimental identiﬁcation of mechanical joint properties ...... 2915 Olivier Chiello, Franck Sgard, and Noureddine Atalla 5pSA5 The vibroacoustical analysis of the ladle crane ...... 2917 Jerzy Wiciak, Marek Iwaniec, and Ryszard Panuszka 5pSA6 Metal and composite aircraft panels: Selection of parameters optimal from the viewpoint of acoustic fatigue lifetime ...... 2919 Sergey N. Baranov, Nikolay I. Baranov, Lev S. Kuravsky, and Konstantin P. Zhukov

5pSC SEGMENTAL PHONETICS, L2, AND CROSS LANGUAGE STUDIES

5pSC1 The controversy of nasalized fricatives ...... 2921 John J. Ohala, Maria-Josep Sole´, and Goangshiuan Ying 5pSC2 Aerodynamic characteristics of trills ...... 2923 Maria-Josep Sole, John J. Ohala, and Goangshiuan Ying 5pSC3 Motor equivalence in the production of /͐/ ...... 2925 Joseph S. Perkell, Melanie L. Matthies, and Majid Zandipour 5pSC4 Further results on the perception of place coarticulation in Taiwanese stops ...... 2927 Shu-hui Peng and Terrance M. Nearey 5pSC5 Ejectives in Tanana Athabaskan...... 2929 Siri G. Tuttle 5pSC6 Perception of synthesised Hindi geminate and cluster sounds ...... 2931 Nisheeth Shrotriya and S. S. Agrawal 5pSC7 Integration of acoustic cues in Spanish voiced stops ...... 2933 Sergio Feijoó, Santiago Fernańdez, and Ramoń Balsa 5pSC8 Acoustic properties of English fricatives ...... 2935 Allard Jongman, Joan Sereno, Ratree Wayland, and Serena Wong 5pSC9 Role of F1 in the perception of voice offset time as a cue for preaspiration ...... 2937 Jo¨rgen Pind 5pSC10 Vowel and consonant durations as cues for quantity in Icelandic...... 2939 Jo¨rgen Pind 5pSC11 Timing effects on successive alveolar consonants in Swedish ...... 2941 Robert Bannert and Peter E. Czigler 5pSC12 Acoustic and perceptual effects of vowel length on voice onset time in Thai stops ...... 2943 Chutamanee Onsuwan and Patrice Speeter Beddor

B72 5pSC13 Perception of glottalized consonants in Babine/Witsuwit’en...... 2945 Katharine Davis and Sharon Hargus 5pSC14 A perceptual experiment on Thai consonant types and tones ...... 2947 Rungpat Roengpitya 5pSC15 The nasal vowels of Iberian Portuguese: Acoustic and aerodynamic properties...... 2949 Maria Joa˜o Chaves Galva˜o 5pSC16 EMG evidence for the automaticity of intrinsic F0 of vowels ...... 2951 D. H. Whalen, Bryan Gick, Masanobu Kumada, and Kiyoshi Honda 5pSC17 Interacting spectral and temporal properties in Jamaican English and Jamaican Creole vowel production ...... 2953 Alicia J. Beckford 5pSC18 The effect of F3 on /U؊I/ boundary ...... 2955 Matthew R. Buehler and Anna K. Na˘be´lek

5pSC19 The effect of transition velocity and transition duration on vowel reduction in V1V2 complexes ...... 2957 Pierre L. Divenyi and Rene´ Carre´ 5pSC20 Acoustic correlates of ’devoiced’ vowels in standard modern Japanese ...... 2959 J. Kevin Varden 5pSC21 Nasal vibration spectra in vowels ...... 2961 Mechtild Tronnier 5pSC22 Perceived vowel quantity in Swedish: Effects of postvocalic voicing...... 2963 Dawn M. Behne, Peter E. Czigler, and Kirk P. H. Sullivan 5pSC23 Isolating the critical segment of AE /r/ and / l / to enhance non-native perception ...... 2965 Rieko Kubo, John S. Pruitt, and Reiko Akahane-Yamada 5pSC24 English vowel production by native speakers of Beijing Mandarin ...... 2967 Xinchun Wang and Murray J. Munro 5pSC25 The effect of immersion on second language productions: The acquisition of American English /r/ and / l / by Japanese children ...... 2969 Jesica C. Pruitt, Reiko Akahane-Yamada, Reiko Mazuka, and Akiko Hayashi 5pSC26 Modification of L2 vowel production by perception training as evaluated by acoustic analysis and native speakers...... 2971 Reiko Akahane-Yamada, Winifred Strange, Jesica C. Downs-Pruitt, and Yasushi Masuda 5pSC27 Categorical discrimination of English and Japanese vowels and consonants by native Japanese and English subjects...... 2973 J. E. Flege, S. G. Guion, R. Akahane-Yamada, and J. Downs-Pruitt 5pSC28 Effects of listener training on intelligibility of Chinese-accented English...... 2975 Catherine L. Rogers 5pSC29 An instance-based model of Japanese speech recognition by native and non-native listeners...... 2977 Kiyoko Yoneyama and Keith Johnson 5pSC30 Training American listeners to perceive Mandarin tones: A first report ...... 2979 Yue Wang, Allard Jongman, and Joan A. Sereno 5pSC31 A CALL system for teaching the duration and phone quality of Japanese tokushuhaku...... 2981 Goh Kawai and Keikichi Hirose 5pSC32 The organization of articulator gestures: A comparison of Swedish, Bulgarian and Greenlandic ...... 2983 Sidney A. J. Wood 5pSC33 The relationship between non-native phoneme perception and the MMN ...... 2985 Janet W. Stack and Susan D. Dalebout 5pSC34 Acquisition of language-specific word-initial unvoiced stops: VOT, intensity, and spectral shape in American English and Swedish ...... 2987 Eugene H. Buder and Carol Stoel-Gammon 5pSC35 The effects of postvocalic voicing on the duration of high front vowels in Swedish and American English: Developmental data ...... 2989 Carol Stoel-Gammon and Eugene H. Buder

B73 5pSC36 Perceptual assimilation of Hindi dental and retroflex stop-consonants by native English and Japanese speakers ...... 2991 John S. Pruitt, Reiko Akahane-Yamada, and Winifred Strange 5pSC37 Comparison of American English vowel production and identification by native speakers of Luso-Portuguese ...... 2993 Christina F. Famoso, Patricia N. Schwartz, and Adelia DaSilva 5pSC38 Acoustic analysis of American English vowels by native speakers of Luso- Portuguese ...... 2995 Patricia N. Schwartz, Christina F. Famoso, and Adelia DaSilva 5pSC39 Comparison of American English vowel production and identification by native speakers of Russian...... 2997 Fredericka Bell-Berti, Lisa Jayne Romano, and Eugenia Lorin 5pSC40 Acoustic analysis of American English vowels by native speakers of Russian...... 2999 Lisa Jayne Romano, Fredericka Bell-Berti, and Eugenia Lorin 5pSC41 Is allophonic variation in Japanese /T/ a factor in Japanese listeners’ difficulty in perceiving English /[-1/?...... 3001 Mieko Ueno, Patrice Speeter Beddor, and Reiko Akahane-Yamada 5pSC42 The perception of place of articulation in three coronal nasal contrasts ...... 3003 James D. Harnsberger 5pSC43 Vowel perception by formant variation ...... 3005 Byunggon Yang 5pSC44 Cross linguistic evidence for the early acquisition of accent ...... 3007 Rory A. DePaolis and Marilyn May Vihman

5pUW BISTATIC SCATTERING FROM THE SEABED AND SURFACE: MODELS AND MEASUREMENTS II

5pUW1 Implications of a bi-static treatment for the second echo from a normal incidence sonar ...... 3009 Gary J. Heald and Nicholas G. Pace 5pUW2 In-plane bistatic calculations of bottom volume reverberation in shallow water ...... 3011 Dale D. Ellis and Paul C. Hines 5pUW3 A review of the SSA for rough surface scattering ...... 3013 Shira L. Broschat and Eric I. Thorsos 5pUW4 The lowest-order small slope approximation for rough surface scattering ...... 3015 Eric I. Thorsos and Shira L. Broschat 5pUW5 The Kirchhoff approximation: A new iterative solution ...... 3017 Suzanne T. McDaniel 5pUW6 Statistical characteristics of bistatic sea surface scatter ...... 3019 Peter D. Neumann and Richard Lee Culver 5pUW7 Time dependence in forward scattering—Experimental results and model comparisons derived from sea surface and sea bed bistatic cross-sections...... 3021 Peter H. Dahl and Kevin L. Williams 5pUW8 Stacking and averaging techniques for bottom echo characterization ...... 3023 Daniel D. Sternlicht and Christian P. de Moustier 5pUW9 A comparison of the ﬁnite-difference time-domain and integral equation methods for scattering from shallow water sediment bottoms...... 3025 Frank D. Hastings, John B. Schneider, Shira L. Broschat, and Eric I. Thorsos 5pUW10 Shallow water in-plane bistatic scattering experiment ...... 3027 D. Vance Crowe, Paul C. Hines, and Patrick J. Barry 5pUW11 Sediment density inhomogeneity spectra estimated from digital X-radiographs ...... 3029 Dajun Tang and Robert A. Wheatcroft 5pUW12 Measurements of shallow grazing angle bistatic sea ﬂoor scattering on the Florida Atlantic coastal shelf...... 3031 Tokuo Yamamoto, Christopher M. Day, and Murat Kuru

B74 5pUW13 Analysis of laboratory measurements of sound propagating into an unconsolidated water-saturated porous media...... 3033 Harry J. Simpson, Earl G. Williams, and Brian H. Houston 5pUW14 The low frequency radiation and scattering of sound from bubbly mixtures near the sea surface ...... 3035 William M. Carey and Ronald A. Roy 5pUW15 Inversion of bi-static reverberation and scattering measurements for seabottom properties ...... 3037 Andrew Rogers, Greg Muncill, and Peter Neumann 5pUW16 High frequency sound propagation in shallow water: Focus on rough surface scattering ...... 3039 Xin Tang, Mohsen Badiey, and Jeffrey Simmen 5pUW17 Recent observations of high-frequency acoustic wave propagation in the Delaware Bay ...... 3041 Mohsen Badiey, Jeffrey Simmen, Stephen Forsythe, and Xin Tang

B75

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