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Ed 366 020 Author Title DOCUMENT RESUME ED 366 020 CS 508 427 AUTHOR Fowler, Carol A., Ed. TITLE Spee:11 Research Status Report, January-March 1993. INSTITUTION Haskins Labs., New Haven, Conn. -REPORT NO SR-113 PUB DATE 93 NOTE 214p.; For the previous report, see ED 359 575. PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020) Reports Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Adults; *Articulation (Speech); *Beginning Reading; Chinese; Communication Research; Elementary Secondary Education; French; Higher Education; Infants; Language Acquisition; Language Research; Music; Reading Writing Relationship; *Speech Communication; Spelling; Thai IDENTIFIERS Speech Research ABSTRACT One of a series of quarterly reports, this publication contains 14 articles which report the status and progress of studies on the nature of speech, instruments for its investigation, and practical applications. Articles in the publication are: "Some Assumptions about Speech and How They Changed" (Alvin M. Liberman); "On the Intonation of Sinusoidal Sentences: Contour and Pitch Height" (Robert E. Remez and Philip E. Rubin); "The Acquisition of Prosody: Evidence from French- and English-Learning Infants" (Andrea G. Levitt); "Dynamics and Articulatory Phonology" (Catherine P. Browman and Louis Goldstein); "Some Organizational Characteristics of Speech Movement Control" (Vincent L. Gracco); "The Quasi-Steady Approximation in Speech Production" (Richard S. McGowan); "Implementing a Genetic Algorithm to Recover Task-Dynamic Parameters of an Articulatory Speech Synthesizer" (Richard S. McGowan); "An MRI-Based Study of Pharyngeal Volume Contrasts in Akan" (Mark K. Tiede); "Thai" (M. R. Kalaya Tingsabadh and Arthur S. Abramson); "On the Relations between Learning to Spell and Learning to Read" (Donald Shankweiler and Eric Lundquist); "Word Superiority in Chinese" (Ignatious G. Mattingly and Yi Xu); "Prelexical and Postlexical Strategies in Reading: Evidence from a Deep and a Shallow Orthography" (Ram Frost); "Relational Invariance of Expressive Microstructure across Global Tempo Changes in Music Performance: An Exploratory Study" (Bruno H. Repp); and "A Review of 'Psycholinguistic Implications for Linguistic Relativity: A Case Study of Chinese' by Rumjahn Hoosain" (Yi Xu). (RS) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EARS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** Haskins Laboratories Status Report on Speech Research U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educatronat Research and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Anus document has been reproduced as recer,.ed from the person or organrtation originating 0 Mrnor changes have been made 10 imforOve reproduchon duality Points of nrew of oprniona StafficS in MS clocu . ment bo not neCestahly represent official OE RI posrtron or coach SR-113 JANUARY-MARCil 1993 BEST COPYAVAILABLE 2 Haskins Laboratories Status Report on Speech Research SR-113 JANUARY-MARCH 1993 NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT 3 Distribution Statement Editor Carol A. Fowler Production Yvonne Manning Fawn Zefang Wang This publication reports the status and progress of studies on the nature of speech, instrumentation for its investigation, and practical applications. Distribution of this document is unlimited. The information in this document is available to the general public. Haskins Laboratories distributes it primarily for library use. Copies are available from the National Technical Information Service or the ERICDocument Reproduction Service. See the Appendix for order numbers of previo- is Status Reports. Correspondence concerning this report should be addressed to the Editor at the address below: Haskins Laboratories 270 Crown Street New Haven, Connecticut 06511-6695 Phone: (203) 865-6163FAX: (203) 865-8963 Bitnet: HASKINSOYALEHASK Internet: H ASKINS%[email protected] .11. This Report was reproduced on recycled paper SR-113 January-March 1993 Acknowledgment The research reported here was made possible in partby support from the following sources: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Grant HD-01994 Grant HD-21888 National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Support Grant RR-05596 National Science Foundation Grant DBS-9112198 National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Grant DC 00121 Grant DC 00865 Grant DC 00183 Grant DC 01147 Grant DC 00403 Grant DC 00044 Grant DC 00016 Grant DC 00825 Grant DC 00594 Grant DC 01247 SR-113 January-March 1993 iii 5 Investigators Technical Staff Arthur Abramson* Michael D'Angelo Peter J Alfonso* Vincent Gulisano Eric Bateson* Donald Halley Fredericka Be ll-Berti* Yvonne Manning Catherine T. Best* William P. Scully Susan Brady* Fawn Zefang Wang Catherine P. Browinan Edward R. Wiley Claudia Care Ile Franklin S. Cooper* Stephen Crain* Administrative Staff Lois G. Dreyer* Alice Faber Philip Chagnon Laurie B. Feldman* Alice Dadourian Janet Fodor* Betty J. DeLise Anne Fowler* Lisa Fresa Carol A. Fowler* Joan Martinez Louis Goldstein* Carol Gracco Vincent Gracco Students* Katherine S. Harris4 John Hogden Melanie Campbell Leonard Katz* Sandra Chiang Rena Arens Krakow* Margaret Hall Dunn Andrea G. Levitt* Terri Erwin Alvin M. Liberman* Joseph Kalinowski Diane Li llo-Martin* Laura Koenig Leigh Lisker* Betty Kollia Anders Lofqvist Simon Levy Ignatius G. Mattingly* Salvatore Miranda Nancy S. McGarr* Maria Mody Richard S. McGowan Weijia Ni Patrick W. Nye Mira Peter Kiyoshi OshirnaT Christine Romano Kenneth Pugh* Joaquin Romero Lawrence J. Raphael* Dorothy Ross Bruno H. Repp Arlyne Russo Hy la Rubin* Michelle Sander Philip E. Rubin Sonya Sheffert Elliot Saltzrnan Caroline Smith Donald Shankweiler* Brenda Stone leffrey Shaw Mark Tiede Michael Studdert-Kennedy* Qi Wang Michael T. Turvey* Yi Xu .Douglas Whalen Elizabeth Zsiga *Part-time tVisiting from University of Tokyo, Japan SR-113 January-March 1993 Contents Some Assumptions about Speech and How They Changed Alvin M. Liberman 1 On the Intonation of Sinusoidal Sentences: Contour and Pitch Height Robert E. Remez and Philip E. Rubin 33 The Acquisition of Prosody: Evidence from French- and English-Learning Infants Andrea G. Levitt 41 Dynamics and Articulatory Phonology Catherine P. Browman and Louis Goldstein 51 Some Organizational Characteristics of Speech Movement Control Vincent L. Gracco 63 The Quasi-steady Approximation in Speech Production Richard S. McGowan 91 Implementing a Genetic Algorithm to Recover Task-dynamic Parameters of an Articulatory Speech Synthesizer Richard S. McGowan 95 An MRI-based Study of Pharyngeal Volume Contrasts in Akan Mark K. Tiede 107 Thai M. R. Kalaya Tingsabadh and Arthur S. Abramson 131 On the Relations between Learning to Spell and Learning to Read Donald Shankweiler and Eric Lundquist 135 Word Superiority in Chinese Ignatius G. Mattingly and Yi Xu 145 Pre lexical and Post lexical Strategies in Reading: Evidence from a Deep and a Shallow Orthography Ram Frost 153 Relational Invariance of Expressive Microstructure across Global Tempo Changes in Music Performance: An Exploratory Study Bruno H. Repp 171 A Review of Psycho linguistic Implications for Linguistic Relativity: A Case Study of Chinese by Rumjahn Hoosain Yi Xu 197 Appendix 209 SR-113 January-March 7993 v 7 Haskins Laboratories Status Report on Speech Research 8 Haskins I.boratories Status Report on Speech Research 1993,SR-113, 1-32 Some Assumptions aboutSpeech and How They Changed* Alvin M. Liberman My aim is to provide a brief account of the re- requirements of phonological communication and search on speech at Haskins Laboratories as seen to all that is entailed by the fact that speech is a from my point of view. In pursuit of that aim, I species-typical product of biological evolution. The will scant most experiments and their outcomes, consequence for development of theory wasthat, putting the emphasis, rather, on the changing as- with the one exception just noted, I never changed sumptions that, as I understood them, guided the my mind abruptly, but rather seguedfrom each research or were guided by it. I will be particu- earlier position to each later one, leaving behind larly concerned to describe the development of no clear sign to mark the time, the extentof the those assumptions, hewing as closely as I can to change, or the reason for making it. Faced now the order in which they were made, and then ei- with having to describe a theory that was in ther abandoned or extended. almost constant flux, I can only offer what I must, My account is necessarily inaccurate, not just in retrospect, make to seem a progress through because I must rely in part on memory about my distinct stages. state of mind almost 50 years ago when, in the My account is also necessarily presumptuous, earliest stages of our work, we did not always because I will sometimes say 'we' when I probably make our underlying assumptions explicit, but, should have said 'I', and vice versa. In so doing, I even more, for reasons that put a proper account am not trying to avoid blame for badideas that beyond the reach of any recall, however true. The were entirely mine, nor to claim creditfor good chief difficulty is in the relation between the ideas that I had no part in hatching. It is, rather, theoretical assumptions and the research they that everything I have done or thought in research were supposed to rationalize. Thus, ithappened on speech has been profoundlyinfluenced by my only once, as I see it now,
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